Unit2 Section Ⅱ Grammar and usage & Integrated skills(Word教参)-【精讲精练】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第一册（译林版）

Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage & Integrated skills Ⅰ.重点单词 基础单词 1．　flow　 vi.流，流动；充满；涨起 n．流，流动；连贯；涨潮 2．　solar　 adj.太阳的；太阳能的 3．　recording　 n．录音，视频；录制；记录，记载 4．　volume　 n．音量，响度；体积，容积，容量；量，额 5．　stare　 vi.盯着看，凝视，注视 n．盯，凝视，注视 6．　grab　 vt.&vi.吸引；抓住；赶紧，抓紧 7．　sweep　 vt.&vi.席卷，横扫；打扫；吹走；清除 n．打扫，清扫 8．　disc/disk　 n．唱片；光碟，光盘；圆盘，圆片 拓展词汇 9．　greet　 vt.问候，欢迎，招呼→　greeting　 n．迎接；问候；招呼 10．　suitable　 adj.合适的，适宜的，适当的，适用的→　suit　 n．一套外衣；套装vt.适合；使适宜 11．　distant　 adj.遥远的，远处的，久远的；冷淡的；远亲的→　distance　 n．距离；远方 12．　breath　 n．呼吸的空气；一次吸入的空气；微量，迹象→　breathe　 v．呼吸→　breathless　 adj.气喘吁吁的；屏息的 13．　unusual　 adj.特别的，不寻常的；独特的，与众不同的→　usual　 adj.通常的；惯常的；平常的→　usually　 adv.通常地；惯常地；平常地 14．　complicated　 adj.复杂的，难懂的→　complicate　 vt.使复杂化 15．　accompany　 vt.陪同，陪伴；伴随，与……同时发生；为……伴奏→　company　 n．陪伴；伴随；公司→　companion　 n．伙伴；伴侣；同伴 16．　expectation　 n．希望，盼望；预料，预期；期望，指望→　expect　 vt.&vi.预料；期待；期望；认为 Ⅱ.重点短语 1．think highly 　of　看重；器重；高度赞扬 2．　in　 fact事实上，实际上 3．get/be tired 　of　对……厌烦 4．share...　with　...和……分享…… 5．show 　up　出现；露面 6．be capable 　of　 doing sth有能力做某事 7．get down 　to　 (doing) sth开始做某事，开始认真注意(或对待)某事 8．　in　 the end最后；终于 9．pay attention 　to　注意；留意 10．get/be ready 　for　为……做好准备 11．turn 　up　出现；露面；被找到；开大(音量)；向上翻 12．stare 　at　凝视；盯着看 13．hold one's 　breath　屏息；屏气；屏住呼吸 14．decorate...　with　...用……装饰…… 15．reflect 　on/upon　 sth思考某事 Ⅲ.重点句型 1．He played 　so well that　 everyone enjoyed listening to his music and thought highly of his techniques. 他弹得非常好，以至于大家都喜欢听他的音乐，并对他的技艺评价很高。 2．　It is said that　 Boya wrote it. 据说是博雅写的。 3．I turned up the volume and stood 　staring at the radio，holding my breath and waiting for the first notes of the song　. 我调大音量，站在那里盯着收音机、屏住呼吸、等待着这首歌的第一个音符。 4．　Once that happened　，I knew I would love the song forever. 一旦发生那样的事，我知道我会永远喜欢这首歌。 5．Yes，I was their biggest fan and I 　couldn't wait to hear this song again and again　 until it became my favourite song from my favourite band. 是的，我是他们的超级粉丝，我迫不及待地一次又一次地听这首歌，直到成为我最喜欢的乐队里面最喜欢的歌。 [重点词汇] 1．get down to (doing) sth开始做某事，开始认真注意(或对待)某事 get across　解释清楚，传达；被理解；使人了解 get along with　进展；相处 get away from　摆脱；回避；偏离 get away with　被放过；逃脱惩罚 get over　克服 get through　设法联系上(尤指打通电话)；(设法)做完；通过；渡过(难关)；用完；耗尽 (2020·浙江卷)Each play has a theme or central idea which the playwright hopes to get across through dialogue and action. 每个剧本都有一个剧作家希望通过对话和行动来传达的主题或中心思想。 I rang you several times but wasn't able to get through(to you). 我给你打了几次电话，但没能打通。 [佳句背诵] We will be able to get over all kinds of challenges if we can stick to our dreams and never give up. 如果我们能坚持我们的梦想，从不放弃梦想，我们就能克服各种各样的挑战。 [即学活用] 单句语法填空 ①It took a long time to get 　across　 to the workers the way the machine worked. ②If we can get 　over　 our present difficulties，then everything should be all right. ③The moment he arrived home，he got down to 　solving　(solve) the problem. 完成句子 ④我们的英语老师严格要求我们，他绝不允许我们在考试中作弊而不受到惩罚。 Our English teacher is very strict with us.He won't have us 　getting away with cheating in the exam　. 2．suitable adj.合适的，适宜的，适当的，适用的 (1)be suitable for sb/sth　适合于某人/某物 be suitable to do sth　适合做某事 (2)suit vt.　适合；使适宜 n.　一套外衣；套装 As for me，I don't think it is suitable for parents to quit their jobs in order to provide better conditions for their children. 就我来说，我认为父母为了给孩子提供更好的条件而放弃工作是不合适的。 The gray suit was well cut and well made. 这套灰西装裁得好，做得也好。 [佳句背诵] (2020·江苏卷)If you look at all sides of the situation，you'll find probably a solution that suits everyone. 如果你能看到这种情况的各个方面，你有可能找到适合每一个人的解决方案。 [易混辨析] appropriate，fit，suitable appropriate 指适当的场合或人 fit 指大小、尺寸或目的、用途上适合某人或某物 suitable 适合某种情况 [即学活用] 单句语法填空 ①I could not think of a 　suitable　(suit) reply. ②With the Internet，parents cannot check a published guide to determine what is suitable 　for　 their children to see. 选词填空：appropriate；fit；suitable ③This is not a 　fit　 place for you to live in. ④These clothes are 　appropriate　 for your job interview. ⑤This programme is not 　suitable　 for children. 3．distant adj.遥远的，远处的，久远的；冷淡的；远亲的 distance n.　距离；远方；疏远 in the distance　在远处 from/at a distance　隔一段距离；从远处 at a distance of...　在……远处 keep one's distance (from)　(与……)保持距离 keep sb at a distance　对某人冷淡，与某人疏远；与某人保持一定距离 The boy who is standing in the distance has a gift for writing. 站在远处的那个男孩很有写作天赋。 One can see the ancient ruins at a distance of 20 miles. 人们从20英里之处就能看到这个古老废墟。 [佳句背诵] (2020·全国Ⅰ卷)Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy. 发光的植物可以缩短这种距离，从而有助于节约能源。 [形象记忆] [即学活用] 单句语法填空 ①The mountain 　in　 the distance appears greener than it was before. ②The picture looks better 　at/from　 a distance. ③To many people，technology means computers，hand­held devices，or vehicles that travel to 　distant　(distance) planets. ④It's just a short 　distance　(distant)from here to the restaurant. 完成句子 ⑤这个小女孩很害羞，常常和其他人保持一段距离。 The little girl is too shy and usually 　keeps others at a distance/keeps her distance from others　. 4．stare vi.盯着看，凝视，注视 n．盯，凝视，注视 stare at sb/sth　注视着某人/某物 stare into the distance　凝视着远方 glare at　怒视 glance at　一瞥，看了一眼 He sat there staring into the distance. 他坐在那儿凝视着远方。 She had a quick glance at the newspapers as she drank her coffee. 她一边快速浏览报纸一边喝咖啡。 [易混辨析] stare at，glare at，look at，gaze at，glance at stare at 凝视，出于好奇、无礼、傲慢而睁大眼睛凝望、盯着或瞪着看 glare at 怒视，强调“生气”地看 look at 看，不带任何感情色彩 gaze at 由于兴趣、感激、喜欢或惊奇而目不转睛地凝视 glance at 瞥一眼 [即学活用] 选词填空：stare at；glare at；look at；gaze at；glance at ①She 　gazed at　 me when I told her the news. ②Now 　look at　 this photo and find out the nearest way to the post office. ③He 　glanced at　 the envelope and recognized his father's handwriting. ④It's impolite to 　stare at　 others. ⑤She 　glares at　 him with an angry expression in her eyes. 单句语法填空 ⑥A group of people sitting in the hall stopped talking and 　stared　(stare) at us. ⑦Every time we stopped，everybody would stare 　at　 us. 5．breath n.呼吸的空气；一次吸入的空气；微量，迹象 (1)hold one's breath　屏息；屏气；屏住呼吸 lose one's breath　喘不过气来 have/take a deep breath　深呼吸 catch one's breath　喘口气；缓口气 out of breath　上气不接下气 (2)breathe v.　呼吸 The race was so close that everyone was holding his breath at the finish.这是一场势均力敌的比赛，以至于到最后每个人都屏住了呼吸。 The weak girl was out of breath only after five minutes' running. 这个体弱的女孩仅仅跑了5分钟后就气喘吁吁。 [即学活用] 用breath的相关短语填空 ①He 　held his breath　 while the results were read out. ②He 　took a deep breath　 and jumped into the water. ③If you run very fast，you will 　lose your breath/be out of breath　. 6．sweep vt.&vi.(swept，swept)席卷，横扫；打扫；吹走；清除 n．打扫，清扫 sweep away　扫除，刮走，冲走 sweep down 冲倒 sweep off 扫去，吹掉 sweep over 扫过；席卷；扫视 sweep out 打扫干净 sweep up 打扫；横扫 Mother told Tom to sweep away the dead leaves in the yard，but he tried to beg off. 妈妈要汤姆打扫庭院里的落叶，可他却极力请求别叫他干这件事。 When spring comes，we usually sweep out all the dirt from our garage. 春天来时，我们通常会清扫车库中的灰尘。 [即学活用] 用sweep的相关短语填空 ①Help me to 　sweep up　 the broken glass，or some children might cut their feet. ②The house was 　swept away　 by the floods. ③Cold winds 　sweep over　 the barren，treeless plains. 7．accompany vt.陪同，陪伴；伴随，与……同时发生；为……伴奏 (1)accompany sb＝keep sb company陪伴某人 accompany sb to sp　陪伴/陪同某人到某地 accompany sb at/on...　用……为某人伴奏 be accompanied by　由……伴奏/陪伴 (2)companion n.　同伴；伙伴 While she was singing on the stage，her mother was accompanying her on/at the piano. 她在台上唱歌时，她母亲在为她弹钢琴伴奏。 I'll stay here and accompany you/keep you company.我留下陪你。 [语境助记] Her father accompanied her to the concert and when she sang，her father accompanied her on the piano.Her song sounded wonderful accompanied by the music.她父亲陪她去音乐会，当她唱歌时，她父亲给她钢琴伴奏。在音乐的陪伴下，她的歌声听起来优美极了。 [名师点津] accompany作动词用时意为“陪同……去……”(go with...)，本身已包含了go的含义，因而不能再与go连用。 [即学活用] 完成句子 ①我邻居在我父母外出时过来陪我。 My neighbor came 　to accompany me/keep me company　 while my parents were out. ②这位著名演员在他家人的陪同下，进入大厅。 The famous actor，　(who was) accompanied by his family　，entered the hall. ③玛丽唱歌，我弹钢琴给她伴奏。 Mary sang and I 　accompanied her on the piano　. 8．expectation n．希望，盼望；预料，预期；期望，指望 (1)beyond one's expectations　超出某人的预期 beyond expectation(s)　出乎预料 in expectation of　期待；指望；预料会有 come/live up to one's expectations 达到某人的期望 (2)expect vt.　预料；期待；期望 Give me a chance，and I'll live up to your expectations. 给我一次机会，我决不会辜负你的期望。 We thought Dave would do well，but he has succeeded beyond expectation. 我们原以为戴夫会做得很好，可没想到他竟取得了出乎意料的成功。 [佳句背诵] (2020·江苏卷)Instead of getting down to a new task as I had expected，he examined the previous work again. 他没有按照我所期待的开始新的任务，却又检查了先前的工作。 [即学活用] 单句语法填空 ①The team set off without any 　expectation　(expect) of success. ②Besides，we have made a donation of some money，　expecting　(expect) that it can help you go through the difficulty. ③I had to say that this result was 　beyond　 my expectations. [重点句型] 1．(教材P23)　Once that happened　，I knew I would love the song forever. 一旦发生那样的事，我知道我会永远喜欢这首歌。 once用作从属连词，意为“一(旦)……就……”，引导时间状语从句。 (1)once conj.　一……就；一旦；当……时候 (2)once adv.　仅一次；一次；曾，曾经；(用于否定句、疑问句和if后)曾，根本 once upon a time　(常用于儿童故事的开头)从前，很久以前 once again/more　又一次；再次 (2020·江苏卷)Today，they are once again a familiar sight，playing roles that are often just as important for the community as their original purpose.如今，它们(电话亭)再次成为人们熟悉的景象，所起的作用对社区来说往往和它们最初的目的一样重要。 Once upon a time，there lived an old man who had two beautiful daughters. 从前，有一个老人，他有两个美丽的女儿。 [佳句背诵] (2020· 天津卷)But once having met and liked them，we think how terrible it would have been，had we missed the chance. 但一旦我们遇见并喜欢上了他们，我们就会想，如果我们错过了这个机会，那会是多么可怕。 [名师点津] 如果once引导的从句的主语与主句的主语一致，且从句中的谓语动词含有be动词的某种形式时，或从句为“it be...”形式时，从句中的“主语＋be”或“it be”可以省略。 [即学活用] 写出下列句中once的词性及词义 ①There was once a time when he was so crazy about pop songs.　adv.曾经　 ②Can we go please Daddy，just once more？　adv.一次　 ③Once the fire has died out，the rescue team will move in.　conj.一旦　 2．(教材P23)Yes，I was their biggest fan and 　I couldn't wait to hear this song again and again　 until it became my favourite song from my favourite band. 是的，我是他们的超级粉丝，我迫不及待地一次又一次地听这首歌，直到成为我最喜欢的乐队里面最喜欢的歌。 can't wait to do sth“迫不及待地要做某事”。 can not/hardly wait to do sth 急于做某事，迫不及待地要做某事 can not/hardly wait for sth 急于……，迫不及待…… can not...too...　无论怎样……也不为过 can not help doing sth　禁不住/忍不住做某事 I couldn't hardly wait to see this film Goodbye Mr.Loser at the time. 当时我迫不及待地想看电影《夏洛特烦恼》。 When we watched the clown performing，we could not help laughing. 看小丑表演时，我们情不自禁地大笑起来。 [即学活用] 单句语法填空 ①He can't wait 　to go　(go) home to see his sick father. ②They can hardly wait 　to see　(see) that famous singer. ③She can't wait 　for　 the admission into university. ④She couldn't help 　laughing　(laugh) when she heard it. 动词­ing形式作主语和宾语 动词的­ing形式是动词的一种非谓语形式，由动词原形加­ing构成，此结构既强调动作也具有名词、形容词的性质。在句子中用作主语、表语、宾语、定语、补语和状语。本单元学习动词­ing形式作主语和宾语。 一、动词­ing形式作主语 1．动词­ing作主语时常表示一般性的、习惯性的动作或状态，动词­ing有时态和语态的变化，且作主语时谓语动词通常用单数形式。 Going to Hangzhou by train takes about 16 hours from here. 从这儿乘火车到杭州大约要16个小时。 Being laughed at in public is what you will never want to happen to yourself.被当众嘲笑是你绝对不想发生在自己身上的事情。 (2020·浙江卷)Still，continuing to challenge yourself mentally and keeping your mind busy can only help. 不过，继续在精神上挑战自己、让自己的头脑保持忙碌，只能起到帮助作用。 2．动词­ing作主语时，可位于句首和句末。动词­ing位于句末时要用it作形式主语。动词­ing作真正的主语且用it作形式主语的常见句型： It is no use/no good/a waste of time/...＋动词­ing... It is a waste of time trying to persuade such a stubborn person. 试图说服这么固执的人是浪费时间。 It is no use waiting here. 在这儿等无济于事。 3．动词­ing形式和to do作主语时的区别 动词­ing形式和to do都可以作主语。动词­ing形式作主语表示比较抽象的一般行为，to do作主语往往表示具体的或一次性的动作。 Playing with fire is dangerous.玩火是危险的。 Be careful！To play with fire will be dangerous. 小心点！玩火会带来危险。 Singing is my hobby，and to sing at my friend's birthday party is my dream. 唱歌是我的爱好，在朋友的生日宴会上唱歌是我的梦想。 To surround the enemy in such bad weather is not easy for them. 对他们来说，在如此恶劣的天气里包围敌军不容易。 [对点集训1] 完成句子 ①再跟他谈也没有什么用了。 　It is useless/no use　 talking with him again. ②谈论这些没用的事情是在浪费时间。 It is a waste of time 　talking about　 such useless things. ③朗读是学习语言的一个好办法。 　Reading aloud　 is a good way in learning a language. 二、动词­ing形式作宾语 动词­ing作宾语时，可位于动词之后，也可位于介词之后，此处重点讲动词­ing作动词的宾语。 常接动词­ing形式作宾语的动词及动词短语 appreciate(欣赏)，consider(考虑)，delay(耽误)，avoid(避免)，finish(完成)，imagine(想象)，miss(错过)，mean(意味着)，resist(抵抗)，risk(冒险)，suggest(建议)，mind(介意)，escape(避开)，admit(承认)，allow(允许)，give up(放弃)，insist on(坚持)，feel like(想要)，be used to(习惯于)，lead to(导致)，look forward to(期待，盼望)等动词(短语)后通常接动词­ing形式作宾语。 Do you mind passing that dictionary? 你介意把那本词典递给我吗？ I have been looking forward to hearing from you. 我一直盼望着收到你的来信。 (2020·浙江卷)Now he hopes that other cities will consider making their streets run smarter instead of just making them bigger. 现在，他希望其他城市能考虑让他们的街道变得更漂亮，而不仅仅是让街道变得更大。 [巧学助记] 口诀记忆只接动词­ing形式作宾语的动词 有些动词接­ing，它们形式要记清： 推迟享受与冒险，建议想象必完成(delay，enjoy，risk，advise，imagine，finish)； 延期避免非介意，考虑宽恕不错失(put off，avoid，mind，consider，forgive，miss)； 允许抵制或放弃，坚持练习要感激(permit，resist，give up，insist on，practise，appreciate)。 [对点集训2] 单句语法填空 ①Would you mind 　opening　(open) the window? ②The boy was lucky to escape 　being punished　(punish). ③We don't allow 　diving　(dive) in the pool. Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．It is a waste of time 　trying　(try) to persuade him to give up smoking. 2．It is worthwhile 　reading　(read) such a wonderful novel. 3．It's no use 　complaining　(complain) without taking action. 4．Her 　coming　(come) to help encouraged all of us. 5．　Putting/To put　(put) on more clothes is not so good. 6．　Being invited　(invite) to the party was a great honour to the family. 7．—What caused the party to be postponed? —Tom's delaying 　sending　(send) the invitations. 8．The computers require 　repairing/to be repaired　(repair)，so the workers are required 　to get　(get) ready. 9．I often practise 　listening　(listen) and 　speaking　(speak). 10．Instead of 　going　(go) to Zhongshan Park，they went to the zoo. Ⅱ.完成句子 1．看电视过多对眼睛有害。 　Watching too much TV　 does harm to our eyes. 2．打电脑游戏没有好处。 It is no good 　playing computer games　. 3．他父亲病了，使他很担心。 　His father's being ill　 made him worried. 4．今天下午如果你能给我回电话，我将非常感激。 I 　would appreciate your calling back　 this afternoon. 5．这个窗户需要清扫了。 The window 　needs/requires/wants cleaning /to be cleaned　. [随堂演练] Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．The reason why most people like travelling is that they can feel the beauty of the nature and 　breathe　(breath) the fresh air at the same time. 2．Children，when 　accompanied　(accompany) by their parents，are allowed to enter the stadium. 3．It is not 　suitable　(suit) for you to dress like that for a party. 4．The cooling wind 　swept　(sweep) through our bedroom windows，making air conditioning unnecessary. 5．It was beyond our 　expectation　(expect) that the weather turned out fine that day. 6．If you look straight ahead，you'll see the church in the 　distance　(distant). 7．After hearing the bad news that she didn't pass the exam，she stared 　at　 me in astonishment. 8．At break，our headteacher got down to 　dealing　(deal) with the matter arising from his class. 9．　Understanding　(understand) your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions. 10．Jerry's not 　arriving　(arrive) on time made the people present angry. 11．It is useless 　telephoning　(telephone) him.He is not willing to come. 12．It is no good 　making　(make) an excuse for this. 13．He likes 　swimming　 but he doesn't like 　to swim　 this afternoon.(swim) 14．I can not imagine the boy 　speaking　(speak) so rudely to his parents. 15．If you are worried about 　saying　(say) or 　doing　(do) the wrong thing，practice will help. Ⅱ.完成句子 1．一旦你有了朋友，努力去关心他们。 　Once you have friends　，try to care about them. 2．我们迫不及待地想要见到他们！ We 　can't/can hardly wait to see　 them! 3．据说这个男孩就是满族人的祖先，他具有语言天赋和很强的说服力。 　It is said that　 this boy，who had a great gift for languages and persuasion，is the father of the Manchu people. 4．错过了这班公交车意味着再等一个小时。 　Missing the bus　 means 　waiting　 for another hour. 5．最后他承认犯了错。 Finally he 　admitted making a mistake　. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$