Unit1 Section Ⅲ Extended reading & Project & Assessment(Word教参)-【精讲精练】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第一册（译林版）

Section Ⅲ　Extended reading & Project & Assessment Ⅰ.重点单词 基础单词 1．　loose　 adj.不受约束的；未固定牢的；零散的；宽松的；疏松的 2．　damp　 adj.潮湿的，湿气重的 3．　dynasty　 n．朝，代；王朝 4．　multiple　 adj.数量多的，多样的 5．　plain　 adj.朴素的，简单的；清楚的 n．平原 6．　slice　 n．薄片，片；部分，份额 vt.把……切成片；切开，割破 7．　chef　 n．主厨，厨师 8．　property　 n．性质，特性；所有物，财产；不动产 9．　concept　 n．概念，观念 10．　appetite　 n．食欲，胃口；强烈欲望 11．　delicate　 adj.精致的，精细的，精密的；易损的，易碎的，脆弱的 12．　steam　 vt.&vi.蒸；散发蒸汽 n．水蒸气；蒸汽动力；水汽 13．　cabbage　 n．甘蓝，卷心菜 14．　edge　 n．边，边缘；刀口 15．　apart　 adv.成碎片；分开；相隔 拓展词汇 16．　expand　 vt.&vi.增加，扩大；扩展，发展(业务)；详谈，详述→　expandable　 adj.可扩大的，可放大的→　expansion　 n．扩大；增加；扩张 17．　appropriate　 adj.合适的→　appropriately　 adv.适当地 18．　estimate　 vt.估计，估价n.估计；估计的成本→　estimation　 n．估计，估算；评价，判断→　estimator　 n．估计量；估计值；评价者 19．　consume　 vt.吃，喝，饮；消耗，耗费(尤指燃料、能量或时间)→　consumer　 n．消费者→　consumption　 n．消费 20．　essential　 adj.必不可少的；本质的，基本的→　essentially　 adv.本质上，根本上 21．　innovation　 n．创造，创新；新思想，新方法→　innovate　 vt.&vi.创新，革新，改革→　innovative　 adj.创新的，革新的，新颖的→　innovator　 n．创新者，革新者 22．　stimulate　 vt.促进，激发；刺激，使兴奋→　stimulation　 n．促进，激发；刺激→　stimulative　 adj.激励性的，有促进作用的→　stimulating　 adj.使人兴奋的；饶有趣味的 23．　emphasis　 n．强调，重视；重读→　emphasize　 vt.强调，着重→　emphatic　 adj.强调的；有力的；坚决的 24．　wrapper　 n．(食品等的)包装材料，包装纸→　wrap　 vt.包、裹；(用手臂等)围住 25．　mixture　 n.混合物；混合，结合→　mix　 vt.&vi.混合；调配 Ⅱ.重点短语 1．let sth 　loose　释放；放任 2．in the middle 　of　在……中间 3．be covered 　with　...被……覆盖 4．start 　off　启程，动身；(使)开始；起初(是)，最初(是) 5．　in　 the beginning开始时，一开始，起初 6．　over　 time随着时间的推移 7．appeal 　to　(对某人)有吸引力；(使某人)感兴趣 8．be famous 　for　因……而出名 9．　in　 particular尤其；特别地；格外地 10．be appropriate 　for/to　适用于；合乎 11．hit 　the　 spot使人满意，正合需要 12．take 　off　起飞；匆匆离去；脱下；大获成功 13．fall 　apart　破碎，破裂；崩溃 14．have difficulty (in) 　doing　 sth在做某事方面有困难或麻烦 15．make a list 　of　列出……的名单 Ⅲ.重点句型 1．The hot flavour quickened our laughter and conversation，　making the meal the perfect way to relax with friends　. 热腾腾的味道加快了我们的笑声和交谈，使这顿饭成为与朋友放松的最佳方式。 2．Nowadays，people eat salted duck all year round and 　it is estimated that　 tens of thousands of ducks are consumed every day in Nanjing! 现在人们一年四季吃咸鸭，据估计每天南京就消耗几万只鸭子！ 3．In Guangzhou，morning tea is 　such an essential part of the daily routine that　 “Have you had your tea？” has become the local version of “Good morning.” 在广州，早茶是日常生活中必不可少的一部分，“你喝茶了吗？”已经成为当地版的“早上好”。 4．Use water to stick the edges together 　if necessary　. 如果有必要，用水把边缘粘在一起。 5．Don't overfill the dumplings，　or they will fall apart　 when you boil them. 不要把馅放太多，否则煮饺子时会破皮的。 Ⅰ.Read the text carefully and choose the best answers. 1．What food ingredient is not included in Sichuan hot pot? A．Sichuan peppers. B．Spring onions. C．Chillies. D．Fish and chips. 2．When may Sichuan hot pot date back to? A．The late Qing Dynasty. B．The early Qing Dynasty. C．The late Ming Dynasty. D．The early Ming Dynasty. 3．What can we know about Nanjing salted duck? A．It is Nanjing's famous food import. B．The meat is a bit fat but juicy. C．It takes a few days to make. D．Its process includes salting, boiling and frying. 4．Why is Nanjing salted duck so famous? A．The countryside around Nanjing has waterways. B．The duck is regarded to have cooling properties. C．Every year, tens of thousands of ducks are consumed. D．The duck has its unique flavour and taste. 5．What can we learn from the fifth paragraph? A．Cantonese dim sum dates from Tang Dynasty. B．Cantonese dim sum is only served in the teahouse. C．Cantonese dim sum has been changed since the 1850s. D．Cantonese dim sum has around 100 offerings at most. 6．Why do people in Guangdong go to the restaurant to have morning tea? A．To have the breakfast. B．To enjoy a long list of dim sum. C．To taste the typical beef balls. D．To have conversations on business, family or pleasure. 答案：1～6　DACDCD Ⅱ.Master the key content of the text. Eating in China Sichuan hot pot •It is famous both at home and abroad and the hot flavour is enough to heat up a cold midwinter evening or to 1.　let loose　 rivers of sweat on a summer afternoon. •Sichuan hot pots which date from 2.　the late Qing Dynasty　 on the Yangtze River are 3.　 perfect　 for the damp, foggy climate. •Over time, it has expanded to include 4.　multiple options, 　appealing to people of different tastes. Nanjing salted duck •Salted duck is the most famous 5.　food export　 in Nanjing. •Traditionally, duck is considered to have cooling properties, so it is appropriate for the 6.　hot summer 　months. •Nowadays, people eat salted duck all year round and it is estimated that 7.　tens of thousands of 　ducks are consumed every day in Nanjing！ Cantonese dim sum •Morning tea is an 8.　essential　 part of the daily routine in Guangzhou. •The 9.　innovation 　of the mid­19th century was to serve tea together with 10.　a variety of　 light dishes，or dim sum. •Now the restaurants stimulate customers' 11.　appetite　 with many delicate and delicious choices. •The morning tea's 12.　emphasis　 is rather on conversation about business, family or pleasure. Ⅲ.Complete the passage according to the text. Sichuan hot pot is famous in China, which is to heat up a cold midwinter evening or to let loose rivers of sweat on a summer afternoon.When we are having it, its surface is often covered 1.　with　 a beautiful layer of chillies，etc.The hot flavour quickened our laughter and conversation, 2.　making 　 (make) the meal the perfect way to relax with friends.Sichuan hot pots are suitable for the damp, 3.　foggy　 (fog) climate.They are believed to have started off in the late Qing Dynasty.Over time, it 4.　has expanded　 (expand) to include multiple options. Salted duck is Nanjing's most famous food.5.　Served　 (serve) plain in thin, white slices, the meat is juicy and salty.Each Nanjing salted duck takes several days to prepare, and the process includes salting, drying, boiling and cooling.The countryside around Nanjing is famous for its ducks for centuries and 6.　its　 (it) history can be back to the late Qing Dynasty.7.　Traditionally　 (tradition), duck is considered to have cooling 8.　properties　 (property) and is appropriate for the hot summer months. Cantonese dim sum is 9.　an　 essential part of the people's daily life in Guangzhou.Teahouses have been common since the Tang Dynasty, but the real innovation happened in the mid­19th century.The Cantonese go to the restaurants to have conversation about business, family or pleasure, 10.　where　 locals can spend hours together chatting, drinking tea and working their way through the menu. [重点词汇] 1．loose adj.不爱约束的；未固定牢的；零散的；宽松的；疏松的 (1)let sth loose　释放；放任 let sb loose　释放某人 come loose　松动；脱落 (2)loosen vt.　解开或使松；放宽，放松 loosen up　(肌肉)松弛；做准备活动；放松；(情况)缓和 (3)loosely adv.　放松地 Cover the burnt area gently with a loose clean cloth. 用一块宽松干净的布料轻轻地覆盖住烧伤部分。 His clothes seemed too big for him.His shirt collar was loose on his throat. 他的衣服看起来太大了，衬衣领口松松垮垮的。 [即学活用] 单句语法填空 ①This kind of behavior can 　loosen　(loose) your connection with your friends. ②The investigation had aimed at a 　loosely　(loose) organized group of criminals. 2．expand vt.&vi.增加，扩大；扩展，发展(业务)；详谈，详述 (1)expand on sth　详细阐明；充分叙述 expand in...　在……方面膨胀 expand into...　扩展成为……，膨胀成…… (2)expansion n.　扩大；扩张 His studio was expanded into a big company. 他的工作室扩大规模而成为一家大公司了。 Could you expand on this point，please? 请你把这一点详细说明一下，好吗？ [即学活用] 单句语法填空 ①With ten years' hard work，he finally expanded his firm 　into　 a big company. ②The president used today's speech to expand 　on　 remarks he made last month. ③Even though Buddhism entered China much earlier，it did not really begin to show 　expansion　(expand) until the seventh century. 3．in particular尤其；特别地；格外地 (1)particular adj.特定的；特别的；讲究的 be particular about/over sth对某事讲究/挑剔 (2)particularly adv.尤其；特别地；特殊地 (＝in particular) She has already tried her best.Please don't be too particular about her job.她已经尽了最大的努力。请不要对她的工作太挑剔了。 (2020·全国Ⅲ卷)In India，particularly outside cities，young women are expected to move in with their husband's family when they get married. 在印度，尤其是在城市以外的地方，年轻女性结婚后会搬到丈夫家里住。 [佳句背诵] A lot of places of interest in Beijing attract his attention，the Great Wall in particular. 北京的许多名胜吸引了他的注意，尤其是长城。 [语境助记] We need a particular person to help solve the problem.He can't be particular about daily life，food in particular. 我们需要一个特别的人来帮忙解决这个问题。他不能对日常生活挑剔，尤其是食物。 [即学活用] 单句语法填空 ①The boy is 　particularly　(particular) interested in making model planes. ②This kind of food is rich in nutrition，and 　in　 particular it contains a lot of minerals. ③She is so particular 　about/over　 her housework that servants will not work for her. 完成句子 ④他是个思想很开放的人，不会计较这些小事。 He is a very open­minded man，and 　won't be particular about/over these small things　. 4．appropriate adj.合适的 (1)be appropriate to/for　适用于；合乎 be appropriate to do sth　做某事是合适的 It is appropriate that sb(should) do 某人做……是合适的 (2)appropriately adv.　适当地；合适地 inappropriate (反义词) adj.　不适当的 The cartoon Tom and Jerry is appropriate not only for children but also for adults. 动画片《猫和老鼠》不仅适合儿童看，而且适合成年人看。 The government has been accused of not responding appropriately to the needs of the homeless. 政府未采取恰当的措施回应无家可归者的需要，为此已受到谴责。 [即学活用] 单句语法填空 ①It is not appropriate 　to ask　(ask) such personal questions in an interview. ②It's necessary for you to make your child know that you expect him to act 　appropriately　(appropriate) toward other people. ③Sports clothes are not appropriate 　for　 a formal wedding. 5．estimate vt.估计，估价 n．估计；估计的成本 (1)estimate that　估计…… estimate...at...　估计……为…… (2)estimation n.　估计，估算；评价，判断 in sb's estimation　根据某人的判断 (3)estimator n.　估计量；估计值；评价者 We just need an estimate of the number of people who will come. 我们只需估算一下有多少人会来。 Who is the best candidate in your estimation? 你认为谁是最合适的人选？ [即学活用] 单句语法填空 ①Police estimate the crowd 　at　 30，000. ②The tree is 　estimated　(estimate) to be at least 700 years old. ③In your 　estimation　(estimate)，who's going to win? 6．consume vt.吃，喝，饮；消耗，耗费(尤指燃料、能量或时间) (1)be consumed with...　被……所折磨 consume...in (doing) sth　 把……用在(做)某事上 (2)consumer n.　顾客，消费者 consumption n.　(精力、油、电等的)消耗量 Consumers should take action to defend their rights. 消费者应该采取行动来维护他们的权益。 In terms of shopping online，I tend to consult consumption ratings whatever I purchase. 在网上购物方面，无论我买什么都倾向于查阅消费排名。 [佳句背诵] (2020·全国Ⅰ卷)Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US. 照明约占美国总用电量的7%。 [即学活用] 单句语法填空 ①He was consumed 　with　 guilt after the accident. ②(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)According to a recent study in the Journal of Consumer Research，both the size and 　consumption　(consume) habits of our eating companions can influence our food intake. ③What would happen if 　consumers　(consume) replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function? 7．hit the spot使人满意，正合需要 spot vt.　看见；注意到；发现 n.　地点；处所；斑点；污迹 spot sb doing sth　发现某人正在做某事 be spotted with　散布；点缀 on the spot/scene　当场；在现场 I was waiting for my friend when I suddenly spotted a man not far from me staring at me. 我在等朋友，突然发现在离我不远处有个男人正盯着我。 The windscreen was spotted with rain. 挡风玻璃上点点滴滴全是雨水。 [佳句背诵] (2020·浙江卷)One morning I spotted a lost lamb when I was in the top field，near where a motorway cuts through my land. 一天早上，当我站在高速公路穿过的土地上时，我发现了一只迷路的羔羊。 [名师点津] spot作“地点”讲，用作定语从句的先行词时，从句如缺状语则用where引导定语从句，从句如缺主语或宾语则用that/which引导定语从句。 [即学活用] 单句语法填空 ①On the way，we spotted a man 　holding　(hold) a piece of paper that said，“Lost my job.Family to Feed.” ②(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)Because the moon's body blocks direct radio communication with a probe，China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot 　where　 it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. ③He was dressed in a coat，which 　was spotted　(spot) with stars. 8．essential adj.必不可少的；本质的，基本的 (1)be essential to/for　对……很重要 It is essential that...(should) do... 做……是完全必要的 It is essential (for sb) to do... (对某人来说)做……是完全必要的 (2)essentially adv.　本质上，根本上 French and German are deemed essential. 法语和德语被认为是必不可少的。 It is essential that we (should) deal with the problem.我们很有必要处理这个问题。 [即学活用] 单句语法填空 ①It is essential that every child 　(should) have　(have) the same educational opportunities. ②It is essential 　to set　(set) your goal before you do anything. ③Sun and water are essential 　to/for　 the growth of crops. 完成句子 ④丰富多样的文化生活对这对夫妇而言是至关重要的。 A rich and varied cultural life 　is essential to/for　 this couple. 9．take off起飞；匆匆离去；脱下；大获成功 take back　收回，拿回；收回前言 take down 写下；记下 take in 包括；吸收；理解；欺骗；收留 take out a loan 取得贷款 take over 接收；接管；取代 take up 占用；占据；开始从事 She decided that I was the ideal person to take over the job. 她认定我是接手这份工作的最佳人选。 I'm sorry I've already taken up so much of your valuable time. 对不起，我占用了你这么多宝贵时间。 [即学活用] 用take短语完成下列语段 ①At the age of 18，he 　took over　 his father's company.As a chief manager，he 　took in　 a number of talents，which made his company 　take on　 a new look.At last，his career 　took off　. 18岁时，他接管了父亲的公司。作为总经理，他吸纳了大量人才，这使他的公司呈现新的面貌。最终，他的事业获得成功。 写出下列句中take off的含义 ②Hurry up.The plane will take off in about half an hour.　起飞　 ③She got a cold as soon as she took off her coat when she got home from work.　脱掉　 ④After his third film，his career of film performance took off.　开始成功　 10．mixture n．混合物；混合，结合 (1)mix vt.&vi.　混合；调配 n.　结合；配料，混合料；混录；混音 mix sth with sth　把某物与某物混合起来 mix with sth　与某物相融合 mix up　弄错；弄乱；混淆 (2)mixed adj.　混合的；混杂的；掺杂在一起的 He never mixes business with his private feelings. 他从不在工作中掺入他的私人感情。 They look so alike that it's easy to mix them up. 他们长得很像，很容易把他们弄混。 [佳句背诵] As is known to us，oil can't mix with water. 众所周知，油不能与水混合。 [即学活用] 单句语法填空 ①This paint mixes easily 　with　 water. ②You're always mixing me 　up　 with my twin sister. ③The 　mixed　 drink consists of juice and alcohol and the 　mixture　 made me sick.(mix) ④　Mixing　(mix)red paint with blue paint，you will get another paint in a different colour. 11．apart adv.成碎片；分开；相隔 fall apart　破碎，破裂；崩溃 tear apart　使(关系密切的人)分离，分开 set apart from　使与众不同；使突出；使优于…… take...apart　将……拆开/拆分 tell...apart　分辨出…… set sb apart　使某人与众不同 apart from　除……之外(都)；除……之外(尚有) The deal fell apart when we failed to agree on the price. 我们在价格上未能达成一致意见，生意吹了。 You can tell my twin brother and me apart by this mark on my face. 你可以从我脸上的疤痕分辨出我和我的孪生兄弟。 [即学活用] 单句语法填空 ①You should take the television 　apart　 to see what is wrong with it. ②Apart 　from　 the cost，the dress doesn't suit me. 完成句子 ③这对双胞胎长得很像，我几乎分不清他们。 The twins are so much alike 　that I hardly tell them apart　. [重点句型] 1．(教材P11)The hot flavour quickened our laughter and conversation，　making the meal the perfect way to relax with friends　. 热腾腾的味道加快了我们的笑声和交谈，使这顿饭成为与朋友放松的最佳方式。 动词­ing形式短语making the meal the perfect way to relax with friends在句中作结果状语。 (1)动词­ing形式短语作结果状语则表示“自然而然的结果”。 动词­ing形式作状语还可表示时间、条件、原因、让步、伴随和方式等，可相当于一个状语从句。 (2)不定式短语作结果状语，表示意料不到的结果。 (2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)Mr.Bissell skillfully organizes historical insights and cultural references，making his tale a well­rounded picture of Uzbekistan，seen from Western eyes. 比斯尔先生巧妙地将历史见解和文化素材组织起来，使他的故事从西方人的视角全方面地描绘了乌兹别克斯坦。 They stood there for half an hour，watching the stars in the sky. 他们在那儿站了半小时，观察着天上的星星。 [佳句背诵] (2020·浙江卷)Lamb and mother reunited，I turned back to the tractor only to see it move suddenly away from me. 羊羔和妈妈重聚了，我转身向拖拉机走去，结果却发现它突然远离了我。 [名师点津] 动词不定式作结果状语时，常表示出乎意料的结果，其前可加only或never。而现在分词作结果状语则表示必然的或合乎逻辑的结果，这时其前可加thus。 [即学活用] 单句语法填空 ①The news shocked the public，　leading　(lead) to great concern about students' safety at school. ②　Finding　(find) the course very difficult，she decided to move to a lower level. ③He hurried to the station，only 　to find　(find) the train gone. 2．(教材P13)Use water to stick the edges together 　if necessary　. 如果有必要，用水把边缘粘在一起。 if necessary “如果有必要”，是 if 引导的条件状语从句(if it is necessary) 的省略形式。 if构成的其他省略形式： if so　如果是这样的话 if not 如果不这样的话 if ever 如果有过/发生过的话 if any 如果有的话 if possible 如果有可能 I think there's a train at midday.If not，you'll have to wait till 12：30.我想正午会有一班火车。要是没有，你只能等到12点半了。 If possible，try to go to bed and wake up at the same time every day. 如果可能的话，尝试每天都在同一时间睡觉和起床。 [佳句背诵] (2020· 天津卷)If so，you may be surprised to learn that libraries have changed for the better. 如果是这样的话，你可能会惊讶地发现图书馆已经变得更好了。 [即学活用] 用省略形式改写下列句子 ①If it's convenient，you can come here at any time. →　If convenient　，you can come here at any time. ②Come tomorrow if it is possible. →Come tomorrow 　if possible　. 3．(教材P13)Don't overfill the dumplings，　or they will fall apart　 when you boil them. 不要把馅放太多，否则煮饺子时会破皮的。 该句属于“祈使句＋or＋陈述句”句型，其中陈述句常用一般将来时。or表示转折，若表示顺承关系，把or换成and。 (1)祈使句＋or＋陈述句，or表示“否则，要不然”，or可用or else或otherwise替换。 (2)祈使句＋破折号＋陈述句，破折号与and的作用相似。 (3)名词词组＋and＋陈述句，名词词组中通常含more，another，further，earlier等词。 Close the door of fear behind you，and you will see the door of faith open before you. 关上恐惧之门，你就会看见信心之门在你面前敞开。 One more hour and I'll get the work finished. 再有一个小时，我将把工作做完。 [佳句背诵] Don't give up or you will achieve nothing. 不要放弃，否则你会一事无成。 [即学活用] 一句多译 充分利用各种条件，我们就能取得成功。 ①　Make the most of all kinds of conditions　，and we will achieve success.(祈使句) ②　If you make the most of all kinds of conditions　，we will achieve success.(if从句) ③　Making the most of all kinds of conditions　，we will achieve success.(分词作状语) [随堂演练] Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．　Expanding　(expand) your knowledge by reading more books is a wise choice. 2．As we all know，sports clothes are not appropriate 　for　 a formal occasion. 3．Seen from a distance，the valley was a 　mixture　(mix) of endless colours. 4．My mother is very good at cooking and her dishes always hit 　the　 spot. 5．The product suddenly took 　off　 in September. 6．The deal 　is estimated　(estimate) to be worth around $1.5 million. 7．I think people have 　loosened　(loose) up their standards. 8．I noticed his eyes 　in　 particular because they are very small and bright. 9．Gas and oil 　consumption　(consume) always increases in cold weather. 10．His analysis of urban use of agricultural land has been proved 　essentially　(essential) correct. Ⅱ.完成句子 1．当心，否则你会有危险的。 Take care，　or/otherwise you will be in danger　. 2．他的父母早亡，他成了孤儿。 His parents died early，　leaving him an orphan　. 3．必要的话，你可以向我求助。 　If necessary　，you can turn to me for help. 4．据说，这一家人在度假。 　It is said that　 the whole family are on holiday. 5．天气如此热，谁也不想干活。 It was 　such a hot day that　 nobody wanted to do anything. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$