精品解析：四川省达州市2023-2024学年高一下学期期末监测英语试题

达州市2024年普通高中一年级春季期末监测 英语试题 本试卷分四部分，共10页，满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 注意事项： 1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔填写在答题卡上，将条形码贴在答题卡规定的位置上。 2.选择题必须使用2B铅笔将答案标号填涂在答题卡上对应题目标号的位置上，非选择题用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔书写在答题卡的对应框内，超出答题区书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上的答案无效。 3.考试结束后，将答题卡收回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What will Joe probably do before skiing next time? A. Take training lessons. B. Do warm-up exercise. C. Buy better equipment. 2. Where does the conversation take place? A. At a library. B. At a school. C. At a bank. 3. What does the man have to do with the tall green plant? A. Water it once a week. B. Give enough sunlight. C. Keep it away from the window. 4. What does the man think of Slow TV? A. It’s dull. B. It’s inspiring C. It’s relaxing. 5. Why did the woman fail to see the match? A. She got the flu. B. She had to work. C. She visited her doctor. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。 6. What do we know about Michael? A. He will leave in six months. B. He always gets to the office early. C. He often helps colleagues with work. 7. What does the woman suggest doing tomorrow? A. Giving Michael a call. B. Going to Michael’s home. C. Inviting Michael to a party. 听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10三个小题。 8. How much are the brown cookies per kilogram? A. $5. B. $10. C. $15. 9 Why does the man buy palm oil-free products? A. To eat healthily. B. To save money. C. To protect rainforests. 10. What will the speakers do next? A. Surf the Internet. B. Check out. C. Continue shopping. 听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13三个小题。 11. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Mother and son. B. Teacher and student. C. Tour guide and tourist. 12. When will the speakers go to the art exhibition? A. On Wednesday. B. On Friday. C. On Sunday. 13. Which of the following is free of charge? A. The tickets. B. The exhibition. C. Food and drinks. 听下面一段对话，回答第14至第17四个小题。 14. Who will hold a party on Saturday? A. Danielle. B. Dave. C. The speakers’ parents. 15. What will the man do on Saturday night? A. Do his homework. B. Pick up David. C. Have soccer practice. 16. How long will the woman have the car on Sunday at most? A. About three hours. B. About four hours. C. About five hours. 17. What are the speakers trying to do? A. Prepare for a party. B. Come to an agreement. C. Give their parents a surprise. 听下面一段独白，回答第18至第20三个小题。 18. Who is the speaker talking to? A. Students B. Volunteers. C. Teachers. 19. What does the speaker say about volunteer jobs? A. They are beneficial to volunteers. B. Most of them are offered in winter. C. Schools are in great need of volunteers. 20. What is the talk mainly about? A. A job description B. A job fair. C. A job website. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Deep lakes hold a special place in the human imagination. The ancient fascination and sense of mystery remain. This list includes the four deepest lakes on the earth. Crater Lake (1,943 feet) Crater Lake, located in the Cascade Range in Oregon, is the deepest lake in the United States. It is also a relatively young lake, formed about 7, 700 years ago when a massive volcano called Mount Mazama collapsed after an eruption (喷发). The area was inhabited by humans at the time, and the oral traditions of the local Klamath Indians concerning the lake reflect an account of the eruption and collapse. Great Slave Lake (2,015 feet) The Great Slave Lake, in Canada’s Northwest Territories, is named after a group of Athabascan-speaking Indians called the Slave or Slavey (奴隶制). It is the deepest lake in North America and the second largest lake in Canada. Yellowknife, the capital of the Northwest Territories, lies on the shore. The cold northern climate means that the area is very seldom populated. But for the few people tough enough to live there, there are advantages. In winter, several hundred vehicles take a shortcut from Yellowknife to the community of Dettah by way of a nice road. Lake Nyasa (2,316 feet) Lake Nyasa is a long, thin lake, stretching more than 350 miles (560km) along the borders between Mozambique, Tanzania, and Malawi. Because its length, depth, and temperature create a number of radically different environments, Lake Nyasa has an extraordinarily high level of biodiversity. As many as 1,000 species of fish have been recorded in the lake, which means that it is home to about 15%of all freshwater fish species on Earth. The vast majority of those species belong to the cichlid family. Lake Ysyk (2,192 feet) Lying at an elevation of 5, 270 feet (1,606 meters) in the Tien Shan mountains of Kyrgyzstan is Lake Ysyk, one of the world’s largest lakes of high mountains. The lake’s Kyrgyz name, Ysyk-kol, means “Hot Lake”, as it never freezes, even though winter. Scientists think it is caused by the lake’s slight salinity and geothermal activity in the area. Ysyk-Kol has long been a site of human activity. Gold and bronze artifacts belonging to the Scythian people have been found nearby. 1. Which is the deepest lake in North America in the passage? A. Great Slave Lake B. Lake Ysyk C. Lake Nyasa D. Crater Lake 2. What do the lakes mentioned in the passage have in common? A. There are ancient ruins. B. All of them never freeze. C. There remains the sense of mystery. D. Gold and bronze have been found. 3. Lake Ysyk is called “hot lake” because of . A. A massive volcano B. Geothermal activity C. The northern climate D. Higher winter temperatures B Bertrand Russell (1872-1970) is a British philosopher, logician and social reformer. He received the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1950. Russell’s contributions to logic, and the philosophy of mathematics established him as one of the foremost philosophers of the 20th century. To the general public, however, he was best known for peace and as a popular writer on social and political subjects. During along, productive life, he published more than 70 books and about 2, 000 articles. Russell’s article on the philosophical consequences of relativity appeared in the 13th edition of the Encyclopadia Britannica (不列颠大百科). Bertrand Russell was born in Ravenscroft. His grandfather, Lord John Russell, was the youngest son of the 6th Duke (公爵) of Bedford. In 1861, after along and excellent political career, Lord John Russell was entitled by Queen Victoria, becoming the 1st Earl Russell. Bertrand Russell became the 3rd Earl Russell in 1931, after his elder brother, Frank, died childless. In 1944 Russell returned to Trinity College, and formed his last major contribution to philosophy, Human Knowledge: Its Scope and Limits (1948). As for his private life, however, he left his third wife in 1949.During this period Russell found favour with the authorities, and he received many official honors, including the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1950. For a while he shared a house in London, with his son John, and engaged himself to writing short stories. When he died in 1970, Russell was far better known as an antiwar (反战) campaigner than as a philosopher of mathematics. However, it is for his great contributions to philosophy that he will be honoured by future generations. 4 What was Bertrand Russell well known as from the perspective of the public? A. A politician B. A writer C. A reformer D. A literate 5. Why was John Russell honored by the Queen of England? A. He did well in the government. B. He wrote many books. C. He had a famous grandson. D. He formed his own philosophy. 6. In what order does the author develop the 2nd paragraph? A. Space B. Emotion C. Importance D. Time 7. What do you think of Bertrand Russell according to the passage? A. Bad-tempered B. Narrow-minded C. Peace-loving D. Kind-hearted C Research has shown that human beings are dependent in nature. We therefore depend on each other to survive in life. The interdependence of people therefore leads to development of interpersonal relationships that are built with the aim of making life better and building frameworks for success. Relationships area common phenomena in the society and they are found everywhere in families, schools, workplaces, professional teams, etc. Each kind of relationship has its own requirements and unofficial rules and each individual relates with a second individual in a unique way depending on the characters of the two individuals. Since there is no perfect society, relationships are built under very strong foundations of mistakes and compromises. Other people may conduct research on how they are supposed to relate to people but this has seldom worked for people. Therefore, the strongest relationships are built through people relating with each other and knowing each other with time. Since the society is made up of people, they are the key determinants of how their society will be. Thus, for a society to be a good one, the people living in it should relate well and solve differences properly. The achievement of this goal may prove not to be given direct answers but with persistence and goodwill, a good society is achievable. The people living in the society just have to wish each other well and be willing to help each other as humanly as possible. The development of a good relationship among human beings living together is of great importance to both the people and the community. It is common knowledge that when individuals in a given community or organization fallout in public, it is the organization that suffers more than the people involved. With this kind of statement, one may even wonder why people have to disagree their society causing losses that may be financial or otherwise. Building a relationship acts as an investment (投资) or even insurance against bad lucks. As a matter of fact, keeping good relationships between and among people costs a lot of offerings. This is because nobody is perfect and thus to own a good relationship with other people, there has to be compromises. 8. Which word can be used to describe people’s survival in the society? A. Dependent B. Independent C. Indifferent D. Aggressive 9. What does the underlined word “compromises” mean in the passage? A. Sideways B. Opportunities C. Middle ways D. Branches 10. What is the key of the best relationship according to the passage? A. Having the same age B. Enjoying the same hobby C. Living in the same community D. Building a steady relationship over a long time 11. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Requirements of each relationship B. Development of a good relationship C. Ineffective research about relationship D. Reasons of building a harmonious relationship D The ability to change genes to prevent disease has advanced significantly in the last decade. Ever since the double-helix (螺旋) structure of DNA was found in the early 1950s, scientists have assumed about the possibility of artificially modifying DNA to change the functions of part of our body. The first approved gene treatment occurred in 1990, when a four-year-old girl had her own white blood cells removed, added with the genes that produce an ADA, and then put into her body to treat ADA, a genetic condition that improves the immune system’s ability to fight diseases. The patient’s body began producing the ADA enzyme (酶) , but new white blood cells with the corrected gene were not produced, so she had to continue receiving the addition. Now, genetic engineering is more available than ever before, thanks in large part to a new tool first used to change eukaryotic cells (complex cells with a nucleus) in 2013: CRISPR-Cas9. The gene editing tool works by locating a targeted section of DNA and “cutting” out that section with the Cas9 enzyme. An optional third step involves replacing the deleted section of DNA with new genetic material. The technique can be used for a wide range of applications, from increasing the muscle mass of animals kept on a farm, to producing resistant and fruitful crops and to treating diseases like cancer by removing a patient’s immune system cells, improving them to better fight a disease and planting again them into the patient’s body. In late 2018, Chinese researchers led by He Jiankui announced that they had used CRISPR-Cas9 to genetically change human embryo (胚胎), which were then transferred to a woman’s body and resulted in the birth of twin girls — the first gene-edited babies. The twins’ genes were improved to make the girls more resistant (抵抗的) to HIV, although the genetic alterations may have also resulted in unintended changes. The work was widely citicised by the scientific community, showing a need for stricter regulations for how these powerful new tools are used, particularly when it comes to changing the DNA of embryos and using those embryos to have live children. 12. What is the main idea of the 2nd paragraph? A. A patient was successfully treated with technology of gene. B. Research of DNA related with gene was applied to fight diseases. C. The girl stopped the treatment because her old blood cells were removed. D. The immune system’s ability to fight disease is worth doubting at present. 13. The function of the CRISPR-Cas9 enzyme in genetic engineering is like . A. a saw B. a fork C. a scissor D. a needle 14. What is the author’s attitude towards the gene-edited baby? A. Objective. B. Supportive. C. Pessimistic. D. Unconcerned. 15. What’s the best title of the passage? A. Bearing live children with edited gene B. Editing gene improved greatly during recent years C. Producing new blood cells with the corrected gene D. Making resisted crops with the genetic engineering 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Steps to Make Your Dream Trip a Reality Dream of someday setting sail on an Antarctic cruise? Or visit the ruins of Machu Picchu?____16____. Brainstorm and research ____17____, and a dream trip for some might be the wrong fit for you. Decide what’s important by surrounding yourself with inspiration. Whether it’s reading travel blogs, following Pinterest boards, joining travel-centric Facebook groups or asking your best friends about their favorite destinations, use trusted sources to choose the places you want to go. Make a vision board Once you’ve listed your dream destinations, use a vision board — physical or virtual tools designed to correct your plans into a single resource — to narrow down your options and start trip planning. Go old-school and make a poster board of vacation intentions using magazine photos and a glue stick (胶水棒).____18____. Pick out your top trip Even if a destination is number one on your must-visit list it doesn’t mean that it’s the right time to go. Change your dream trip target based on your health, budget and availability. Want to cycle around Europe? Consider booking that trip when you’re in great shape. Ready to hike for a South African travel?____19____. Another route for trips is around airfare. When you see a screamingly good deal for airfare, use that as your opportunity to book. Create a budget and a timeline When planning your first list trip,____20____. Divide that cost by the number of months before the trip to decide if you can save enough to make it happen. In that case, you feel awfully comfortable while travelling. A. you can design a travel strategy B. No two travel wish lists area like C. you should determine how much it will cost D. Make up your mind to choose a better route of the trip E. You must have the time off and funds for this big experience F. Use Pinterest to build a vision board that goes with you anywhere G. Use this guide to learn how to make your dream trip a reality in easy steps 第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 When I got into a tight space, where there were a lot of tiny animal fossils (化石), I followed my teammate’s moves like a monkey into a hole, which was ____21____ inside and, to be honest, rather comfortable. I could not believe I was lying inside a cave as if I were relying in my own ____22____ for a rest. I could not help but think I made the right ____23____for my dream. By the end of the day, I lost ____24____of how many times I scratched my skins, arms and back ____25____to climb a rock up or squeeze through a tight space in an odd location. I found a means to ____26____ rocks up with my small legs in addition to standing on one of my teammates’ shoulders. I felt like I was one with the cave and I was ____27____. After a six-hour journey into the cave with ____28____ in between I knew that this was ____29____for me and I had no intention of changing my mind. Yes, I have a few scratches to show, but they’re scars (伤疤) I was _____30_____ of. I’ve become a member of the exploration team. Being the only female in the _____31_____ made me feel frightened at times, but it simply _____32_____ me to work even harder. Because I never ____33____, I am now a third-year student of biological PhD at Texas A&M University. In the past I set a _____34_____ for myself and have achieved it so far. Nowadays there is still so much that I am excited for what the future _____35_____ 21. A. lovely B. lively C. friendly D. orderly 22. A. pool B. bed C. home D. garden 23. A. call B. promise C. record D. choice 24. A. sight B. control C. track D. touch 25. A. slowly B. merely C. openly D. politely 26. A. climb B. kick C. ride D. roll 27. A. sad B. content C. distressed D. dissatisfied 28. A. breaks B. gaps C. minutes D. naps 29. A. used B. done C. beneficial D. intended 30. A. short B. proud C. afraid D. ashamed 31. A. school B. club C. family D. team 32. A. stopped B. relaxed C. motivated D. discouraged 33. A. end up B. give up C. pick up D. catch up 34. A. time B. date C. goal D. test 35. A. waits B. lasts C. gets D. holds 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 One of the best places to visit in Western China____36____(be) Dunhuang. Few places can be as good as the Silk Road atmosphere of Dunhuang,____37____ oasis(绿洲)city deep in the Gobi Desert. A large number of treasures await history—lovers at the Mogao Caves, housing countless paintings on the wall—nothing short of a ___38___(spirit) journey into the history of Asia. Two experts can be arranged____39____(go) somewhere with you through the caves: the Executive Director of the Mogao Caves and a scholar, who knows a lot of Buddhist art. These experts will enrich your experience____40____their fascinating tales of ancient monks and roaming pilgrims(朝圣者), and they will guide you through caves that are____41____(normal) off-limits to visitors. ____42____(ride) on a camel, you can climb hills made of sand of the Gobi, where you can enjoy the warm sand and then watch the sunset over Crescent Moon Lake(月牙泉) from bird’s eyes. The big, impressive____43____(landscape) and exciting oasis towns of Marco Polo’s Silk Road can____44____(enjoy) today in comfort and style with Wild China. A great number of people at home and abroad are increasingly pouring into adore its wild beauty ____45____nowadays Dunhuang is still a bright pearl on the Silk Road. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，笔友Mike写来邮件，想知道你将怎样度过这个暑期。请你回封邮件，内容包括： 1.暑期时长； 2.暑期安排； 3.你的期待。 注意：1、写作词数应为80左右； 2、可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3、请在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Mike, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I was brought up in a really strict Catholic (天主教的) family. It was just expected that we would go to church every Sunday and that we would “keep the faith Catholicism” as my parents received it. I never bothered to oppose religion as many of my friends did. For some reason I couldn’t quite express myself to my parent’s disappointment. My parents and I never really saw eye to eye about anything. When I was younger it was just the simple thing—the length of my skirt, how I chose to wear my hair or the movies I wanted to watch. But as I got older I found that there was a lot more that we didn’t agree on—my choice of friends, what I wanted to study at university, or how I chose to spend my weekends. I left home at 17 to study at a university in another city. Moving away from home totally broadened my outlook on the world and changed my opinion on lots of issues. Over the past two years I’ve met the most amazing people with the most extraordinarily diverse experiences. My circle of friends includes people with different religions, beliefs, values, cultures and different ways of approaching life. I’ve learnt to question what I’ve been taught and disagree just because that is what “everybody else” thinks. The first couple of times I went home to visit my parents I found it really hard to succeed in dealing with being able to express my opinions as freely as I did when I was away from home. My mum didn’t necessarily agree with my upfront attitude to life. While I was always out there trying to get people to take me and my beliefs and opinions seriously, her attitude was “why fight it?...why not go with the fashion?” It was really annoying. I used to get really upset, for my parents didn’t agree with what I was doing. How did Ideal with the situation? 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Gradually I understood some keywords: communicate with parents as often as possible. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The next keywords were to respect with each other. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 达州市2024年普通高中一年级春季期末监测 英语试题 本试卷分四部分，共10页，满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 注意事项： 1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔填写在答题卡上，将条形码贴在答题卡规定的位置上。 2.选择题必须使用2B铅笔将答案标号填涂在答题卡上对应题目标号的位置上，非选择题用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔书写在答题卡的对应框内，超出答题区书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上的答案无效。 3.考试结束后，将答题卡收回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What will Joe probably do before skiing next time? A. Take training lessons. B. Do warm-up exercise. C. Buy better equipment. 2. Where does the conversation take place? A. At a library. B. At a school. C. At a bank. 3. What does the man have to do with the tall green plant? A. Water it once a week. B. Give enough sunlight. C. Keep it away from the window. 4. What does the man think of Slow TV? A. It’s dull. B. It’s inspiring C. It’s relaxing. 5. Why did the woman fail to see the match? A. She got the flu. B. She had to work. C. She visited her doctor. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。 6. What do we know about Michael? A. He will leave in six months. B. He always gets to the office early. C. He often helps colleagues with work. 7. What does the woman suggest doing tomorrow? A. Giving Michael a call. B. Going to Michael’s home. C. Inviting Michael to a party. 听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10三个小题。 8. How much are the brown cookies per kilogram? A. $5. B. $10. C. $15. 9. Why does the man buy palm oil-free products? A. To eat healthily. B. To save money. C. To protect rainforests. 10. What will the speakers do next? A. Surf the Internet. B. Check out. C. Continue shopping. 听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13三个小题。 11. What is the relationship between the speakers? A Mother and son. B. Teacher and student. C. Tour guide and tourist. 12 When will the speakers go to the art exhibition? A. On Wednesday. B. On Friday. C. On Sunday. 13. Which of the following is free of charge? A. The tickets. B. The exhibition. C. Food and drinks. 听下面一段对话，回答第14至第17四个小题。 14. Who will hold a party on Saturday? A. Danielle. B. Dave. C. The speakers’ parents. 15. What will the man do on Saturday night? A. Do his homework. B. Pick up David. C. Have soccer practice. 16. How long will the woman have the car on Sunday at most? A. About three hours. B. About four hours. C. About five hours. 17. What are the speakers trying to do? A. Prepare for a party. B. Come to an agreement. C. Give their parents a surprise. 听下面一段独白，回答第18至第20三个小题。 18. Who is the speaker talking to? A Students B. Volunteers. C. Teachers. 19. What does the speaker say about volunteer jobs? A. They are beneficial to volunteers. B. Most of them are offered in winter. C. Schools are in great need of volunteers. 20. What is the talk mainly about? A. A job description B. A job fair. C. A job website. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Deep lakes hold a special place in the human imagination. The ancient fascination and sense of mystery remain. This list includes the four deepest lakes on the earth. Crater Lake (1,943 feet) Crater Lake, located in the Cascade Range in Oregon, is the deepest lake in the United States. It is also a relatively young lake, formed about 7, 700 years ago when a massive volcano called Mount Mazama collapsed after an eruption (喷发). The area was inhabited by humans at the time, and the oral traditions of the local Klamath Indians concerning the lake reflect an account of the eruption and collapse. Great Slave Lake (2,015 feet) The Great Slave Lake, in Canada’s Northwest Territories, is named after a group of Athabascan-speaking Indians called the Slave or Slavey (奴隶制). It is the deepest lake in North America and the second largest lake in Canada. Yellowknife, the capital of the Northwest Territories, lies on the shore. The cold northern climate means that the area is very seldom populated. But for the few people tough enough to live there, there are advantages. In winter, several hundred vehicles take a shortcut from Yellowknife to the community of Dettah by way of a nice road. Lake Nyasa (2,316 feet) Lake Nyasa is a long, thin lake, stretching more than 350 miles (560km) along the borders between Mozambique, Tanzania, and Malawi. Because its length, depth, and temperature create a number of radically different environments, Lake Nyasa has an extraordinarily high level of biodiversity. As many as 1,000 species of fish have been recorded in the lake, which means that it is home to about 15%of all freshwater fish species on Earth. The vast majority of those species belong to the cichlid family. Lake Ysyk (2,192 feet) Lying at an elevation of 5, 270 feet (1,606 meters) in the Tien Shan mountains of Kyrgyzstan is Lake Ysyk, one of the world’s largest lakes of high mountains. The lake’s Kyrgyz name, Ysyk-kol, means “Hot Lake”, as it never freezes, even though winter. Scientists think it is caused by the lake’s slight salinity and geothermal activity in the area. Ysyk-Kol has long been a site of human activity. Gold and bronze artifacts belonging to the Scythian people have been found nearby. 1. Which is the deepest lake in North America in the passage? A. Great Slave Lake B. Lake Ysyk C. Lake Nyasa D. Crater Lake 2. What do the lakes mentioned in the passage have in common? A. There are ancient ruins. B. All of them never freeze. C. There remains the sense of mystery. D. Gold and bronze have been found. 3. Lake Ysyk is called “hot lake” because of . A. A massive volcano B. Geothermal activity C. The northern climate D. Higher winter temperatures 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个湖泊的情况。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“It is the deepest lake in North America and the second largest lake in Canada.(它是北美最深的湖泊，也是加拿大第二大湖泊)”可知，北美最深的湖是Great Slave Lake。故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Deep lakes hold a special place in the human imagination. The ancient fascination and sense of mystery remain.(深湖在人类的想象中占有特殊的地位。古老的魅力和神秘感依然存在)”可知，提到的湖泊的共同点是神秘感依然存在。故选C。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Scientists think it is caused by the lake’s slight salinity and geothermal activity in the area.(科学家们认为，这是由于该地区湖泊的轻微盐度和地热活动造成的)”可知，伊塞克湖被称为“热湖”是因为地热活动。故选B。 B Bertrand Russell (1872-1970) is a British philosopher, logician and social reformer. He received the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1950. Russell’s contributions to logic, and the philosophy of mathematics established him as one of the foremost philosophers of the 20th century. To the general public, however, he was best known for peace and as a popular writer on social and political subjects. During along, productive life, he published more than 70 books and about 2, 000 articles. Russell’s article on the philosophical consequences of relativity appeared in the 13th edition of the Encyclopadia Britannica (不列颠大百科). Bertrand Russell was born in Ravenscroft. His grandfather, Lord John Russell, was the youngest son of the 6th Duke (公爵) of Bedford. In 1861, after along and excellent political career, Lord John Russell was entitled by Queen Victoria, becoming the 1st Earl Russell. Bertrand Russell became the 3rd Earl Russell in 1931, after his elder brother, Frank, died childless. In 1944 Russell returned to Trinity College, and formed his last major contribution to philosophy, Human Knowledge: Its Scope and Limits (1948). As for his private life, however, he left his third wife in 1949.During this period Russell found favour with the authorities, and he received many official honors, including the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1950. For a while he shared a house in London, with his son John, and engaged himself to writing short stories. When he died in 1970, Russell was far better known as an antiwar (反战) campaigner than as a philosopher of mathematics. However, it is for his great contributions to philosophy that he will be honoured by future generations. 4. What was Bertrand Russell well known as from the perspective of the public? A. A politician B. A writer C. A reformer D. A literate 5. Why was John Russell honored by the Queen of England? A. He did well in the government. B. He wrote many books. C. He had a famous grandson. D. He formed his own philosophy. 6. In what order does the author develop the 2nd paragraph? A. Space B. Emotion C. Importance D. Time 7. What do you think of Bertrand Russell according to the passage? A. Bad-tempered B. Narrow-minded C. Peace-loving D. Kind-hearted 【答案】4. B 5. A 6. D 7. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了著名哲学家、逻辑学家、社会和政治改革家Bertrand Russell。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“To the general public, however, he was best known for peace and as a popular writer on social and political subjects. (然而，对于普通大众来说，他最出名的是和平，以及作为一个受欢迎的社会和政治题材作家)”可知，从公众的角度来看，伯特兰·罗素以作家而闻名。故选B。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“In 1861, after along and excellent political career, Lord John Russell was entitled by Queen Victoria, becoming the 1st Earl Russell.(1861年，在经历了漫长而卓越的政治生涯后，约翰·罗素勋爵被维多利亚女王册封为第一代罗素伯爵)”可知，约翰·罗素会受到英国女王的尊敬是因为他在政府工作做得很好。故选A。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“His grandfather, Lord John Russell, was the youngest son of the 6th Duke (公爵) of Bedford. In 1861, after along and excellent political career, Lord John Russell was entitled by Queen Victoria, becoming the 1st Earl Russell. Bertrand Russell became the 3rd Earl Russell in 1931, after his elder brother, Frank, died childless. In 1944 Russell returned to Trinity College, and formed his last major contribution to philosophy, Human Knowledge: Its Scope and Limits (1948). As for his private life, however, he left his third wife in 1949.During this period Russell found favour with the authorities, and he received many official honors, including the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1950.(他的祖父约翰·罗素勋爵是贝德福德六世公爵最小的儿子。1861年，在经历了漫长而卓越的政治生涯后，约翰·罗素勋爵被维多利亚女王册封为第一代罗素伯爵。1931年，伯特兰·罗素成为第三代罗素伯爵，因为他的哥哥弗兰克死后没有孩子。1944年，罗素回到三一学院，撰写了他在哲学方面的最后一篇重要著作：《人类知识：其范围与极限》(1948)。至于他的私生活，他在1949年离开了他的第三任妻子。在此期间，罗素得到了当局的青睐，并获得了许多官方荣誉，包括1950年的诺贝尔文学奖)”可知，第二段按照时间顺序展开。故选D。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“To the general public, however, he was best known for peace and as a popular writer on social and political subjects. (然而，对于普通大众来说，他最出名的是和平，以及作为一个受欢迎的社会和政治题材作家)”以及最后一段“When he died in 1970, Russell was far better known as an antiwar (反战) campaigner than as a philosopher of mathematics.(1970年去世时，罗素作为反战活动家的名声远比作为数学哲学家的名声大得多)”可知，他爱好和平。故选C。 C Research has shown that human beings are dependent in nature. We therefore depend on each other to survive in life. The interdependence of people therefore leads to development of interpersonal relationships that are built with the aim of making life better and building frameworks for success. Relationships area common phenomena in the society and they are found everywhere in families, schools, workplaces, professional teams, etc. Each kind of relationship has its own requirements and unofficial rules and each individual relates with a second individual in a unique way depending on the characters of the two individuals. Since there is no perfect society, relationships are built under very strong foundations of mistakes and compromises. Other people may conduct research on how they are supposed to relate to people but this has seldom worked for people. Therefore, the strongest relationships are built through people relating with each other and knowing each other with time. Since the society is made up of people, they are the key determinants of how their society will be. Thus, for a society to be a good one, the people living in it should relate well and solve differences properly. The achievement of this goal may prove not to be given direct answers but with persistence and goodwill, a good society is achievable. The people living in the society just have to wish each other well and be willing to help each other as humanly as possible. The development of a good relationship among human beings living together is of great importance to both the people and the community. It is common knowledge that when individuals in a given community or organization fallout in public, it is the organization that suffers more than the people involved. With this kind of statement, one may even wonder why people have to disagree their society causing losses that may be financial or otherwise. Building a relationship acts as an investment (投资) or even insurance against bad lucks. As a matter of fact, keeping good relationships between and among people costs a lot of offerings. This is because nobody is perfect and thus to own a good relationship with other people, there has to be compromises. 8. Which word can be used to describe people’s survival in the society? A. Dependent B. Independent C. Indifferent D. Aggressive 9. What does the underlined word “compromises” mean in the passage? A. Sideways B. Opportunities C. Middle ways D. Branches 10. What is the key of the best relationship according to the passage? A. Having the same age B. Enjoying the same hobby C. Living in the same community D. Building a steady relationship over a long time 11. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Requirements of each relationship B. Development of a good relationship C. Ineffective research about relationship D. Reasons of building a harmonious relationship 【答案】8. A 9. C 10. D 11. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了人与人之间相互依赖、联系，形成社会关系，这种关系是随着时间的发展而不断发展的，因此，为了构建一个良好的社会，人与人之间要相互帮助，相互理解，相互妥协，这样才能实现共同进步。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Research has shown that human beings are dependent in nature. We therefore depend on each other to survive in life.(研究表明，人类对大自然是依赖的。因此，我们在生活中相互依赖以生存)”可知，人在社会上的生存是相互依赖的。故选A。 【9题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段“Each kind of relationship has its own requirements and unofficial rules and each individual relates with a second individual in a unique way depending on the characters of the two individuals.(每一种关系都有自己的要求和非官方的规则，每个人都以一种独特的方式与第二个人联系，这取决于两个人的性格)”以及划线词上文“Since there is no perfect society, relationships are built under very strong foundations of mistakes and”可知，每个人的性格不同，每个人都以一种独特的方式与第二个人联系，因此不存在完美的社会，人际关系是建立在错误和妥协折中的坚实基础之上的。故划线词意思是“折中”。故选C。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Therefore, the strongest relationships are built through people relating with each other and knowing each other with time.(因此，最牢固的关系是建立在人们相互联系和随着时间的推移相互了解的基础上的)”可知，最佳关系的关键是建立长期稳定的关系。故选D。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Research has shown that human beings are dependent in nature. We therefore depend on each other to survive in life. The interdependence of people therefore leads to development of interpersonal relationships that are built with the aim of making life better and building frameworks for success.(研究表明，人类对大自然是依赖的。因此，我们在生活中相互依赖以生存。因此，人与人之间的相互依赖导致了人际关系的发展，这种关系的建立目的是使生活更美好，并为成功建立框架)”结合文章主要说明了人与人之间相互依赖、联系，形成社会关系，这种关系是随着时间的发展而不断发展的，因此，为了构建一个良好的社会，人与人之间要相互帮助，相互理解，相互妥协，这样才能实现共同进步。可知，这篇文章的主旨是发展良好的关系。故选B。 D The ability to change genes to prevent disease has advanced significantly in the last decade. Ever since the double-helix (螺旋) structure of DNA was found in the early 1950s, scientists have assumed about the possibility of artificially modifying DNA to change the functions of part of our body. The first approved gene treatment occurred in 1990, when a four-year-old girl had her own white blood cells removed, added with the genes that produce an ADA, and then put into her body to treat ADA, a genetic condition that improves the immune system’s ability to fight diseases. The patient’s body began producing the ADA enzyme (酶) , but new white blood cells with the corrected gene were not produced, so she had to continue receiving the addition. Now, genetic engineering is more available than ever before, thanks in large part to a new tool first used to change eukaryotic cells (complex cells with a nucleus) in 2013: CRISPR-Cas9. The gene editing tool works by locating a targeted section of DNA and “cutting” out that section with the Cas9 enzyme. An optional third step involves replacing the deleted section of DNA with new genetic material. The technique can be used for a wide range of applications, from increasing the muscle mass of animals kept on a farm, to producing resistant and fruitful crops and to treating diseases like cancer by removing a patient’s immune system cells, improving them to better fight a disease and planting again them into the patient’s body. In late 2018, Chinese researchers led by He Jiankui announced that they had used CRISPR-Cas9 to genetically change human embryo (胚胎), which were then transferred to a woman’s body and resulted in the birth of twin girls — the first gene-edited babies. The twins’ genes were improved to make the girls more resistant (抵抗的) to HIV, although the genetic alterations may have also resulted in unintended changes. The work was widely citicised by the scientific community, showing a need for stricter regulations for how these powerful new tools are used, particularly when it comes to changing the DNA of embryos and using those embryos to have live children. 12. What is the main idea of the 2nd paragraph? A. A patient was successfully treated with technology of gene. B. Research of DNA related with gene was applied to fight diseases. C. The girl stopped the treatment because her old blood cells were removed. D The immune system’s ability to fight disease is worth doubting at present. 13. The function of the CRISPR-Cas9 enzyme in genetic engineering is like . A. a saw B. a fork C. a scissor D. a needle 14. What is the author’s attitude towards the gene-edited baby? A. Objective. B. Supportive. C. Pessimistic. D. Unconcerned. 15. What’s the best title of the passage? A. Bearing live children with edited gene B. Editing gene improved greatly during recent years C. Producing new blood cells with the corrected gene D. Making resisted crops with the genetic engineering 【答案】12. B 13. C 14. A 15. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了基因编辑工具的发展，以及基因编辑工具在现实生活中的应用。 【12题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“Ever since the double-helix (螺旋) structure of DNA was found in the early 1950s, scientists have assumed about the possibility of artificially modifying DNA to change the functions of part of our body. The first approved gene treatment occurred in 1990, when a four-year-old girl had her own white blood cells removed, added with the genes that produce an ADA, and then put into her body to treat ADA, a genetic condition that improves the immune system’s ability to fight diseases. The patient’s body began producing the ADA enzyme (酶) , but new white blood cells with the corrected gene were not produced, so she had to continue receiving the addition.(自从DNA的双螺旋结构在20世纪50年代初被发现以来，科学家们就一直认为人工修改DNA来改变我们身体部分功能的可能性。第一个被批准的基因治疗发生在1990年，当时一名四岁的女孩将自己的白细胞移除，加入产生ADA的基因，然后放入她的体内治疗ADA，这是一种提高免疫系统对抗疾病能力的遗传疾病。患者的身体开始产生ADA酶，但没有产生带有纠正基因的新白细胞，因此她不得不继续接受补充)”可知，第二段的主旨是基因相关DNA的研究应用于对抗疾病。故选B。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“The gene editing tool works by locating a targeted section of DNA and “cutting” out that section with the Cas9 enzyme.(基因编辑工具的工作原理是定位DNA的目标部分，并用Cas9酶“剪切”出该部分)”可知，CRISPR-Cas9酶在基因工程中的作用就像一把剪刀。故选C。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“The twins’ genes were improved to make the girls more resistant (抵抗的) to HIV, although the genetic alterations may have also resulted in unintended changes. The work was widely citicised by the scientific community, showing a need for stricter regulations for how these powerful new tools are used, particularly when it comes to changing the DNA of embryos and using those embryos to have live children.(这对双胞胎的基因得到了改善，使女孩对艾滋病毒更有抵抗力，尽管基因的改变也可能导致意想不到的变化。这项工作被科学界广泛引用，表明需要对如何使用这些强大的新工具进行更严格的监管，特别是在改变胚胎DNA和使用这些胚胎生孩子方面)”可知，作者说明了基因编辑的好处以及缺点，说明是客观态度。故选A。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“The ability to change genes to prevent disease has advanced significantly in the last decade.(改变基因以预防疾病的能力在过去十年中取得了显著进展)”结合本文主要介绍了基因编辑工具的发展，以及基因编辑工具在现实生活中的应用。可知，B选项“编辑基因近年来有了很大的进步”最符合文章标题。故选B。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Steps to Make Your Dream Trip a Reality Dream of someday setting sail on an Antarctic cruise? Or visit the ruins of Machu Picchu?____16____. Brainstorm and research ____17____, and a dream trip for some might be the wrong fit for you. Decide what’s important by surrounding yourself with inspiration. Whether it’s reading travel blogs, following Pinterest boards, joining travel-centric Facebook groups or asking your best friends about their favorite destinations, use trusted sources to choose the places you want to go. Make a vision board Once you’ve listed your dream destinations, use a vision board — physical or virtual tools designed to correct your plans into a single resource — to narrow down your options and start trip planning. Go old-school and make a poster board of vacation intentions using magazine photos and a glue stick (胶水棒).____18____. Pick out your top trip Even if a destination is number one on your must-visit list it doesn’t mean that it’s the right time to go. Change your dream trip target based on your health, budget and availability. Want to cycle around Europe? Consider booking that trip when you’re in great shape. Ready to hike for a South African travel?____19____. Another route for trips is around airfare. When you see a screamingly good deal for airfare, use that as your opportunity to book. Create a budget and a timeline When planning your first list trip,____20____. Divide that cost by the number of months before the trip to decide if you can save enough to make it happen. In that case, you feel awfully comfortable while travelling. A. you can design a travel strategy B. No two travel wish lists area like C. you should determine how much it will cost D. Make up your mind to choose a better route of the trip E. You must have the time off and funds for this big experience F. Use Pinterest to build a vision board that goes with you anywhere G. Use this guide to learn how to make your dream trip a reality in easy steps 【答案】16. G 17. D 18. F 19. E 20. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何实现梦想之旅提出了一些建议。 【16题详解】 根据上文“Dream of someday setting sail on an Antarctic cruise? Or visit the ruins of Machu Picchu?(梦想着有一天踏上南极之旅？或者参观马丘比丘遗址？)”可知，本句属于过渡句，引出下文让梦想之旅成为现实的步骤，故G选项“使用这个指南来学习如何简单地让你的梦想之旅成为现实”符合语境，故选G。 【17题详解】 根据后文“and a dream trip for some might be the wrong fit for you(对一些人来说，梦想之旅可能不适合你)”可知，本句是在说明选择适合自己的旅行路线，故D选项“下定决心选择一条更好的旅行路线”符合语境，故选D。 【18题详解】 根据标题“Make a vision board(制作一个愿景板)”以及上文“Once you’ve listed your dream destinations, use a vision board—physical or virtual tools designed to correct your plans into a single resource-to narrow down your options and start trip planning. Go old-school and make a poster board of vacation intentions using magazine photos and a glue stick (胶水棒).(一旦你列出了你的梦想目的地，使用一个愿景板——物理的或虚拟的工具，旨在将你的计划调整成一个单一的资源——缩小你的选择范围，开始旅行计划。采用老派的方法，用杂志上的照片和胶水棒制作一个关于度假意向的海报板)”可知，本段的主旨是制作愿景板，本句是在说明具体制作方法。故F选项“使用Pinterest制作一个随身携带的愿景板”符合语境，故选F。 【19题详解】 根据上文“Even if a destination is number one on your must-visit list it doesn’t mean that it’s the right time to go. Change your dream trip target based on your health, budget and availability. Want to cycle around Europe? Consider booking that trip when you’re in great shape. Ready to hike for a South African travel?(即使一个目的地是你必游清单上的第一名，也不意味着那是你去的最佳时机。根据你的健康、预算和可用性来改变你的梦想旅行目标。想骑车环游欧洲吗？考虑在你身材好的时候去旅行。准备好去南非徒步旅行了吗？)”可知，上文提到了根据你的健康、预算和可用性来改变你的梦想旅行目标，推测本句是在说明旅行需要什么，故E选项“你一定要有时间和资金来参加这次大的经历”符合语境，故选E。 【20题详解】 根据上文“When planning your first list trip(当你计划你的第一次旅行清单)”以及后文“Divide that cost by the number of months before the trip to decide if you can save enough to make it happen. In that case, you feel awfully comfortable while travelling.(用这笔费用除以旅行前的月数来决定你是否能攒够钱去旅行。在这种情况下，你在旅行时感觉非常舒服)”可知，后文提到了费用问题，可知本句与旅行的预算有关，故C选项“你应该决定要花多少钱”符合语境，故选C。 第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 When I got into a tight space, where there were a lot of tiny animal fossils (化石), I followed my teammate’s moves like a monkey into a hole, which was ____21____ inside and, to be honest, rather comfortable. I could not believe I was lying inside a cave as if I were relying in my own ____22____ for a rest. I could not help but think I made the right ____23____for my dream. By the end of the day, I lost ____24____of how many times I scratched my skins, arms and back ____25____to climb a rock up or squeeze through a tight space in an odd location. I found a means to ____26____ rocks up with my small legs in addition to standing on one of my teammates’ shoulders. I felt like I was one with the cave and I was ____27____. After a six-hour journey into the cave with ____28____ in between, I knew that this was ____29____for me and I had no intention of changing my mind. Yes, I have a few scratches to show, but they’re scars (伤疤) I was _____30_____ of. I’ve become a member of the exploration team. Being the only female in the _____31_____ made me feel frightened at times, but it simply _____32_____ me to work even harder. Because I never ____33____, I am now a third-year student of biological PhD at Texas A&M University. In the past I set a _____34_____ for myself and have achieved it so far. Nowadays there is still so much that I am excited for what the future _____35_____ 21. A. lovely B. lively C. friendly D. orderly 22. A. pool B. bed C. home D. garden 23. A. call B. promise C. record D. choice 24. A. sight B. control C. track D. touch 25. A. slowly B. merely C. openly D. politely 26. A. climb B. kick C. ride D. roll 27. A. sad B. content C. distressed D. dissatisfied 28. A. breaks B. gaps C. minutes D. naps 29. A. used B. done C. beneficial D. intended 30. A. short B. proud C. afraid D. ashamed 31. A. school B. club C. family D. team 32. A. stopped B. relaxed C. motivated D. discouraged 33. A. end up B. give up C. pick up D. catch up 34. A. time B. date C. goal D. test 35. A. waits B. lasts C. gets D. holds 【答案】21. D 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. B 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. D 32. C 33. B 34. C 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，作者叙述了自己作为一名探险队员，在一次洞穴探险中的经历和感受。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我跟着我的队友像猴子一样钻进一个洞里，里面井然有序，说实话，相当舒服。A. lovely可爱的；B. lively生动的；C. friendly友好的；D. orderly井然有序的。根据后文“to be honest, rather comfortable”可知，此处说的是山洞内相当舒服，可知推理出作者描述洞内环境时使用了正面且舒适的形容词，D项“orderly(井然有序的)”符合语境。故选D。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我简直不敢相信我躺在山洞里，就像靠在自己的床上休息一样。A. pool水池；B. bed床；C. home家；D. garden花园。根据前文“lying inside a cave”以及后文“for a rest”可知，作者将山洞比喻成床，用来休息，故选B。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我情不自禁地想，为了我的梦想，我做出了正确的选择。A. call电话；B. promise承诺；C. record记录；D. choice选择。根据前文“I could not help but think I made the right...”以及后文“for my dream”可知，此处指作者认为为了梦想做出了正确的选择，故选D。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：到一天结束时，我已经记不清我多少次擦伤了我的皮肤、手臂和背部，只是为了爬上一块岩石或在一个奇怪的地方挤过一个狭窄的空间。A. sight视线；B. control控制；C. track轨迹；D. touch接触。根据后文“how many times I scratched my skins, arms and back”可知作者多次擦伤了皮肤、手臂和背部，可知推理出作者记不得多少次擦伤了皮肤、手臂和背部，故选C。 【25题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：到一天结束时，我已经记不清我多少次仅仅是为了爬上一块岩石或在一个奇怪的地方挤过一个狭窄的空间而擦伤了我的皮肤、手臂和背部。A. slowly慢慢地；B. merely仅仅；C. openly公开地；D. politely礼貌地。根据前文“I scratched my skins, arms and back”以及下文“to climb a rock up or squeeze through a tight space in an odd location”可知，此处指仅仅是为了爬上一块岩石或在一个奇怪的地方挤过一个狭窄的空间而擦伤了皮肤等部位，故选B。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我发现了一种方法，除了站在我的队友的肩膀上以外，我可以用我的小腿爬上岩石。A. climb爬；B. kick踢；C. ride骑；D. roll滚动。根据后文“rocks up with my small legs”可知，此处指作者用小腿爬上岩石，故选A。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我感觉自己和山洞融为一体，我很满足。A. sad悲伤的；B. content满意的；C. distressed苦恼的；D. dissatisfied不满意的。根据前文“I felt like I was one with the cave”可知，作者感觉自己和山洞融为一体，对这种感觉感到满意，故选B。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过六个小时的洞穴探险，期间有一些休息，我知道这是为我准备的，我没有打算改变主意。A. breaks休息；B. gaps间隙；C. minutes分钟；D. naps小睡。根据前文“After a six-hour journey into the cave”以及后文“in between”可知，此处指在六个小时的探险过程中有一些休息时间，故选A。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. used使用的；B. done完成的；C. beneficial有益的；D. intended意图的。根据后文“I had no intention of changing my mind”可知，作者认为这一切都是为他准备的，故选D。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：是的，我有一些划痕可以展示，但它们是我为之自豪的伤疤。A. short短的；B. proud自豪的；C. afraid害怕的；D. ashamed羞愧的。根据前文“Yes, I have a few scratches to show”以及下文“I’ve become a member of the exploration team”可知，这些划痕是作者探险过程中的痕迹，对于作者来说，加入了探险队，有些伤痕是值得自豪的，故选B。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为探险队中唯一的女性，有时我会感到害怕，但这只是激励我更加努力地工作。A. school学校；B. club俱乐部；C. family家庭；D. team团队。根据前文“I’ve become a member of the exploration team”可知，此处指作者是团队中唯一的女性，故选D。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. stopped停止；B. relaxed放松；C. motivated激励；D. discouraged使泄气。根据前文“Being the only female in the … made me feel frightened at times”（作为……中唯一的女性，有时我会感到害怕）可知，这种情况并没有让作者放弃，而是激励她更加努力地工作，故选C。 【33题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：因为我从未放弃，我现在是德克萨斯A&M大学生物博士学位的三年级学生。A. end up结束；B. give up放弃；C. pick up捡起；D. catch up追上。根据后文“I am now a third-year student of biological PhD at Texas A&M University”可知，作者没有放弃，最终取得了成功，故选B。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在过去，我为自己设定了一个目标，并且到目前为止已经实现了它。A. time时间；B. date日期；C. goal目标；D. test测试。根据后文“and have achieved it so far”可知，此处指作者为自己设定了一个目标，故选C。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在还有那么多事情让我对未来充满期待。A. waits等待；B. lasts持续；C. gets得到；D. holds拥有、持有。根据前文“There is still so much that I am excited for”可知，作者对未来充满期待，故选D。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 One of the best places to visit in Western China____36____(be) Dunhuang. Few places can be as good as the Silk Road atmosphere of Dunhuang,____37____ oasis(绿洲)city deep in the Gobi Desert. A large number of treasures await history—lovers at the Mogao Caves, housing countless paintings on the wall—nothing short of a ___38___(spirit) journey into the history of Asia. Two experts can be arranged____39____(go) somewhere with you through the caves: the Executive Director of the Mogao Caves and a scholar, who knows a lot of Buddhist art. These experts will enrich your experience____40____their fascinating tales of ancient monks and roaming pilgrims(朝圣者), and they will guide you through caves that are____41____(normal) off-limits to visitors. ____42____(ride) on a camel, you can climb hills made of sand of the Gobi, where you can enjoy the warm sand and then watch the sunset over Crescent Moon Lake(月牙泉) from bird’s eyes. The big, impressive____43____(landscape) and exciting oasis towns of Marco Polo’s Silk Road can____44____(enjoy) today in comfort and style with Wild China. A great number of people at home and abroad are increasingly pouring into adore its wild beauty, ____45____nowadays Dunhuang is still a bright pearl on the Silk Road. 【答案】36. is 37. an 38. spiritual 39. to go 40. with 41. normally 42. Riding 43. landscapes 44. be enjoyed 45. and 【解析】 【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国西部的最佳旅游地之一敦煌。 【36题详解】 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：敦煌是中国西部最好的旅游胜地之一。空处应为谓语动词，由句意可知，应用一般现在时，表示客观事实；主语是“One of the best places”，谓语动词应为单数。故填is。 【37题详解】 考查冠词。句意：很少有地方能像位于戈壁沙漠深处的绿洲城市敦煌那样，拥有丝绸之路的氛围。空处应为冠词，修饰名词短语“oasis city”，表示敦煌是一个绿洲城市，故应用不定冠词；oasis以元音音素开头。故填an。 【38题详解】 考查形容词。句意：在莫高窟，有大量的宝藏等待着历史爱好者，墙上有无数的绘画——这是一次通往亚洲历史的精神之旅。空处应用形容词，作定语修饰名词“journey”；spiritual为形容词，表示“精神的、心灵的”，符合句意。故填spiritual。 【39题详解】 考查动词不定式。句意：可以安排两名专家陪你穿过洞穴。根据谓语“can be arranged”可知，空处应用非谓语动词；动词短语arrange sb to do sth表示“安排某人做某事”，符合句意。故填to go。 【40题详解】 考查介词。句意：这些专家将用他们关于古代僧侣和漫游朝圣者的迷人的故事，来丰富您的体验。空处应用介词，后接名词短语“their fascinating tales”作宾语；介词with可表示“用……”，enrich...with...意为“用……来丰富……”，符合句意。故填with。 【41题详解】 考查副词。句意：他们会带你穿过通常禁止游客进入的洞穴。空处应为副词，修饰形容词“off-limits”，作状语；normally为副词，表示“通常”，符合句意。故填normally。 【42题详解】 考查现在分词。句意：骑着骆驼，你可以爬上戈壁的沙丘。根据谓语动词“can climb”可知，空处应为非谓语动词，与“you”之间为主动关系，作状语，表示同时发生，故应用现在分词；句首字母大写。故填Riding。 【43题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：马可波罗丝绸之路上令人印象深刻的大的风景地貌和令人兴奋的绿洲城镇，今天可以舒适地并以野外中国的风格欣赏。根据“The big, impressive”可知，空处应为名词，与“exciting oasis towns”并列作主语，结合句意，应用复数形式，表示风景地貌。故填landscapes。 【44题详解】 考查情态动词被动语态。句意：马可波罗丝绸之路上令人印象深刻的大的风景地貌和令人兴奋的绿洲城镇，今天可以舒适地并以野外中国的风格欣赏。根据情态动词“can”可知，空处应为动词原形；主语“The big, impressive landscapes and exciting oasis towns”与动词enjoy之间应为被动关系，表示风景地貌和绿洲城镇被人们欣赏，故应用情态动词的被动语态can be done。故填be enjoyed。 【45题详解】 考查连词。句意：国内外越来越多的人不断涌入来欣赏它的野性之美，如今敦煌仍然是丝绸之路上一颗璀璨的明珠。空处应用连词，连接两个并列的句子，根据句意，两句之间为并列关系，故应用并列连词and。故填and。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，笔友Mike写来邮件，想知道你将怎样度过这个暑期。请你回封邮件，内容包括： 1.暑期时长； 2.暑期安排； 3.你的期待。 注意：1、写作词数应为80左右； 2、可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3、请在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Mike, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Mike, Hope this email finds you well and enjoying your days. Thanks for reaching out and asking about my upcoming summer vacation plans. This year, we’re blessed with a two-month-long vacation, stretching from mid-July to late August. To start with, I’m planning a week-long trip to the countryside with my family. Upon returning, I’ve enrolled in an online programming course. Lastly, I’m eagerly anticipating the small joys that come with summer — ice creams by the beach, lazy evenings spent watching sunsets, and perhaps even a few barbecues with friends. All in all, I’m excited about this summer and the many experiences it promises to bring. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。笔友Mike写来邮件，想知道你将怎样度过这个暑期。要求考生回封邮件。 【详解】1.词汇积累 激动：excited→thrilled 报名：enroll→sign up for 期待：anticipate→expect 首先：to stat with→first of all 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：This year, we’re blessed with a two-month-long vacation, stretching from mid-July to late August. 拓展句：This year, we’re blessed with a two-month-long vacation, which will stretch from mid-July to late August. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Upon returning, I’ve enrolled in an online programming course. (运用了动名词作宾语) [高分句型2] This year, we’re blessed with a two-month-long vacation, stretching from mid-July to late August. (运用了现在分词作状语) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I was brought up in a really strict Catholic (天主教的) family. It was just expected that we would go to church every Sunday and that we would “keep the faith Catholicism” as my parents received it. I never bothered to oppose religion as many of my friends did. For some reason I couldn’t quite express myself to my parent’s disappointment. My parents and I never really saw eye to eye about anything. When I was younger it was just the simple thing—the length of my skirt, how I chose to wear my hair or the movies I wanted to watch. But as I got older I found that there was a lot more that we didn’t agree on—my choice of friends, what I wanted to study at university, or how I chose to spend my weekends. I left home at 17 to study at a university in another city. Moving away from home totally broadened my outlook on the world and changed my opinion on lots of issues. Over the past two years I’ve met the most amazing people with the most extraordinarily diverse experiences. My circle of friends includes people with different religions, beliefs, values, cultures and different ways of approaching life. I’ve learnt to question what I’ve been taught and disagree just because that is what “everybody else” thinks. The first couple of times I went home to visit my parents I found it really hard to succeed in dealing with being able to express my opinions as freely as I did when I was away from home. My mum didn’t necessarily agree with my upfront attitude to life. While I was always out there trying to get people to take me and my beliefs and opinions seriously her attitude was “why fight it?...why not go with the fashion?” It was really annoying. I used to get really upset, for my parents didn’t agree with what I was doing. How did Ideal with the situation? 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Gradually I understood some keywords: communicate with parents as often as possible. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The next keywords were to respect with each other. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Paragraph 1： Gradually I understood some keywords: communicate with parents as often as possible. This realization dawned on me as I began to see the bridges of understanding that frequent conversations built between us. Each call, every shared meal where we talked openly, and even those casual text messages throughout the day, all contributed to a stronger bond. I learned that by sharing my thoughts, fears, and achievements, I wasn’t just seeking validation but also creating a safe space for my parents to do the same. Our conversations became more meaningful, revealing layers of each other’s lives that we might have otherwise missed. The frequency of our communication, I realized, was the key to nurturing a relationship that transcended time and distance. Paragraph 2: The next keywords were to respect with each other. This principle resonated deeply, reminding me that the foundation of any healthy relationship, including that with my parents, rested on mutual respect. It meant listening attentively to their opinions, even if I disagreed, and acknowledging their experiences and perspectives. I started to make an effort to understand their decisions, even if they seemed outdated or unreasonable to me. In return, I expected the same level of respect from them, asking for their understanding when I made choices that differed from theirs. We learned to disagree without being disagreeable, finding common ground amidst our differences. This mutual respect fostered an environment where we could grow together, supporting each other’s aspirations and dreams, even as we navigated the complexities of life. 【解析】 【导语】文章以人物为线索展开，讲述了在严格天主教家庭长大的作者在离家求学后，视野和观念发生显著变化的故事。作者最初在家庭中受到严格的宗教和传统观念的影响，但随着离家上大学，接触到各种背景和价值观的人，开始质疑并重新思考自己所学和所信。然而，在回家探望父母时，作者发现自己在表达个人意见时遇到了困难，因为父母的观念仍然停留在传统和保守上，这让她感到困扰和沮丧。 【详解】1.段落续写 ①由第一段首句内容“渐渐地，我明白了一些关键词：尽可能多地与父母沟通。”可知，第一段可描写作者与父母沟通的方式以及这样做的意义。 ②由第二段首句内容“下一个关键词是相互尊重。”可知，第二段可描写如何做到相互尊重。 2.续写线索：交流方式——交流意义——如何做到相互尊重——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 意识到：realize/be aware of 有利于：contribute to/be conductive to 期待：expect/anticipate 情绪类 有意义的：meaningful/significant 全神贯注地：attentively/absorbedly 【点睛】[高分句型1] I learned that by sharing my thoughts, fears, and achievements, I wasn’t just seeking validation but also creating a safe space for my parents to do the same.（运用了that引导宾语从句） [高分句型2] I started to make an effort to understand their decisions, even if they seemed outdated or unreasonable to me.（运用了even if引导让步状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$