Unit 6 Period Ⅰ Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练-【高中必刷题】2024-2025学年新教材高中英语必修1同步课件 (外研版)

01 Period I Starting out & Understanding ideas Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练 1 A [陕西西安2024高一期末] For more than 140 years, fishers in Laguna, Brazil have formed an unusual partnership with local dolphins. As soon as the fishers spot a dolphin waving its tail, lifting its head, and diving deeply, they race into the water with their nets. Now, a new study suggests the dolphins are willing partners in this cooperation and that the animals may be guiding the people. They pay close attention to the humans, timing their actions to maximise their catch. Over the years, dolphins have been showing the fishers “where to stand and when to get ready to throw their nets” in the dark waters. It’s almost as if the dolphins are training the humans. 刷阅读理解 2 As much as the fishers were watching the dolphins, the dolphins were also watching the fishers, the study found. Both species must time their actions correctly to catch fish. The people wait with their nets at the ready for a dolphin to approach closely. When a dolphin sees a ready fisher, the animal will give a tip, usually that deep dive, which tells the fisher the mullet （鲻鱼） are right there and it’s time to cast their nets. Sometimes, either the dolphin or the fisher responds incorrectly, and neither catches fish. Yet, the scientists reported that of nearly 3,000 recorded fishing attempts, nearly 46% were successful. To ensure this accuracy, fishers must understand the dolphins’ tips, learning them over time. The dolphins are almost like teachers. Other populations of dolphins have also been known to cooperate with human fishers, rushing fish towards shore or into nets off eastern Australia, Mauritania, and Southeast Asia. But these practices have either disappeared or are in decline. 刷阅读理解 3 The same fate likely faces the Laguna dolphins if the mullet numbers, which have dropped over the past decade because of overfishing, continue to decline. The practice may escape such a fate, if Brazil regards this dolphin-fisher relationship as a precious cultural heritage, as the scientists propose. “Without mullet,” an expert says, “this partnership will end.” 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了巴西拉古纳岛的海豚能够与渔民合作，帮助渔民捕鱼，研究显示世界范围内海豚与渔民之间的这种合作正在逐渐减少，专家呼吁巴西方面将海豚与渔民的合作关系视为一种文化遗产。 刷阅读理解 4 1.How do the dolphins guide the fishers to catch the fish?( ) B A.They constantly attack fish. B.They use body language. C.They make strange voices. D.They pull the nets. 解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的As soon as the fishers spot a dolphin waving its tail, lifting its head, and diving deeply, they race into the water with their nets.可知，海豚通过肢体动作引导渔民捕鱼。故选B项。 刷阅读理解 5 2.What does the author intend to do in paragraph 3?( ) A A.Lead in a new problem for discussion. B.Provide suggestions for the readers. C.Share some interesting facts about dolphins. D.Conclude the previous paragraphs. 解析 推理判断题。第一、二段介绍海豚帮助渔民捕鱼这种现象，第三段提到海豚与渔民合作，帮助渔民捕鱼的做法在其他国家也存在，但这种现象正在逐渐消失。再结合第四段内容可知，作者是想借第三段引出第四段中呼吁保护人与动物的这种合作关系的新话题。故选A项。 刷阅读理解 6 3.What can we learn about the dolphin-fisher relationship in Laguna?( ) C A.It has completely disappeared. B.It develops steadily. C.It needs to be protected. D.It becomes useless and meaningless. 解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，科学家呼吁巴西方面将这种合作关系视为珍贵的文化遗产，这样才可能避免这种合作关系的消失。由此可知，这种关系需要被保护。故选C项。 刷阅读理解 7 4.In which column of the newspaper can we read the passage?( ) D A.Society. B.Adventure. C.Tourism. D.Nature. 解析 推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了巴西拉古纳岛的海豚能够与渔民合作，帮助渔民捕鱼，但随着过度捕捞，鲻鱼的数量减少，海豚与渔民合作捕鱼的现象正在减少，科学家呼吁巴西方面将海豚与渔民的合作关系视为一种文化遗产，延续这种合作关系，实现人与自然和谐共处。因此，本文可能出自报纸的自然版块。故选D项。 刷阅读理解 8 长难句分析 句意：在过去的十年里，由于过度捕捞，鲻鱼的数量下降。如果其数量继续减少，拉古纳岛的海豚可能面临同样的命运。 刷阅读理解 9 核心词汇 1.cooperation n.［U］合作；协作 2.maximise vt.使最大化；充分利用 3.in decline 下降；衰退 4.propose vt.提议；建议；打算 刷阅读理解 10 B [湖北新高考联考协作体2024高一期末] Within the beautiful scenery of Wisconsin’s Lake Chippewa lies a natural wonder that is a unique challenge for the local community. This hidden wonder is exactly a giant floating island. The island, made up of plants and trees, sometimes floats around the lake, causing major inconvenience by blocking （阻塞） an important bridge. Later, the local people came up with a solution to this problem. Every year, local boat owners work together and push the island away from the bridge. Lake Chippewa was born in 1923 when a vast bog （沼泽） was changed through flooding. Soon after that, many of the peat bogs （泥炭沼） started rising to the surface and became perfect growing places for plants, with seeds carried by wind and wild birds to this floating place. Over the years, these bogs have grown plants and trees and turned into full islands. As time goes by, plants take root, and the oldest islands even have trees that act as sails （帆） when the wind blows, moving the entire floating mass around the lake. 刷阅读理解 11 Although the years-old floating island does not relocate （迁移） so often, when it does, it causes trouble for the community by blocking the important bridge that serves as the only passage between the lake’s East and West sides. The only solution is to gather a group of boats, and not just one or two, but dozens of boats working together to push the island away.“It takes a community’s effort, and you must have the winds at your back to push them in,” said a resident. Moving the island also requires precision （精确）, as just relocating it a short distance may result in its return within days. Some people have suggested destroying the floating island to get rid of the problem. However, the big bog in Lake Chippewa has been around for many years, and during that time a variety of animal and plant species have made it their home. Therefore, local government advises the problem be dealt with in a way that won’t do harm to wildlife, paying more attention to the fine-drawn balance between human convenience and environmental protection. The annual tradition of relocating Lake Chippewa’s floating island is evidence of the coexistence of man and nature, a heartwarming display of community unity, and a reminder of the importance of preserving the unique areas that enrich our world. 刷阅读理解 12 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了位于威斯康星州奇珀瓦湖的一个自然奇观——巨大的漂浮岛屿。该漂浮岛给当地居民带来很大不便，每年都需要几十艘船将其移走。 1.What does the underlined word “solution” in paragraph 1 refer to?( ) B A.Building a new bridge. B.Moving the floating island away. C.Transforming the vast bog. D.Rebuilding the local community. 解析 词义猜测题。根据画线词上文The island, made up of plants and trees, sometimes floats around the lake, causing major inconvenience by blocking an important bridge.可知，漂浮岛由于堵塞了一座重要的桥梁，给当地人带来很大不便；结合画线词后的Every year, local boat owners work together and push the island away from the bridge.可知，当地人想到的办法是将漂浮岛移走。故选B项。 刷阅读理解 13 2.What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about?( ) A A.The formation of the floating island. B.The history of flooding in Lake Chippewa. C.The varieties of species in Lake Chippewa. D.The impact of the wind on the floating island. 解析 主旨大意题。根据第二段中的几个关键信息was born in 1923、Soon after that、Over the years、As time goes by并结合语境可知，第二段按照时间顺序，介绍了漂浮岛是如何形成并逐步演变的。故选A项。 刷阅读理解 14 3.What can we know about the relocation work from paragraph 3?( ) B A.It is usually finished within days. B.It requires cooperation and precision. C.It can only be carried out during windless days. D.It greatly disturbs the community residents’ lives. 解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的It takes a community’s effort及Moving the island also requires precision, as just relocating it a short distance may result in its return within days.可知，移走漂浮岛需要当地居民的合作和移动距离的精确度。故选B项。 刷阅读理解 15 4.Why has the local government refused to destroy the island?( ) D A.To save costs for local people. B.To ensure the safety of local residents. C.To improve the bond between communities. D.To protect the wildlife species on the island. 解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的a variety of animal and plant species have made it their home及Therefore, local government advises the problem be dealt with in a way that won’t do harm to wildlife可知，当地政府拒绝摧毁这座岛是为了保护岛上的野生动植物。故选D项。 刷阅读理解 16 [浙江强基联盟2024高一月考] The act of spending time in the forest is called shinrin-yoku, meaning “bathing in the forest atmosphere”.It is not exercise or hiking or jogging. It is simply being in nature and connecting with it. 1. . It can improve your immune（免疫的）system, lower blood pressure and help with depression. Follow the tips below to experience forest bathing. Find a place where you’re surrounded by trees. The ideal place to forest bathe is in a forest. But if you live far away from one or don’t have the means to get there, any place that has a lot of trees and quiet spaces will do. You can even get beneficial effects from a city park. 2. . Set aside a large amount of time. To get the final rewards of shinrin-yoku, plan to spend two to six hours in the woods. 3. . If you can’t set aside a good part of your day to wander through the forest, you can also do shorter walks. But the health benefits won’t be as significant. Anyway, the longer the time in the forest, the better. G C D 刷7选5 17 The difference between normal activities and forest bathing is that we’re going to move very slowly. Forest bathing is about calming down your nervous system and reducing your heart rate and blood pressure. If you work too hard physically, your tiredness will reduce the effect of forest bathing. Quite often, when we are bathed in the forest, it sends something back to help us make sense of what’s going on in our life. 5. . You may be surprised by what you discover. A.Aim to reduce heart rate. B.Enjoy sweating in forest bathing. C.But they won’t be as significant as walking in the deep woods. D.Forest bathing for about that amount of time helps improve immunity. E.The breathing has benefits on its own outside of the forest environment. F.Now, find a spot in the forest or the park and breathe in the smell of nature. G.Not only is forest bathing a way to explore nature, but it’s also good for your health. F 4. . A 刷7选5 18 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了森林浴的体验方式。 1.___ G 解析 根据上文的It is simply being in nature and connecting with it.可知，此处介绍了森林浴与自然相关，与G项中的explore nature呼应；空后一句介绍了森林浴对身体的好处，与G项中it’s also good for your health呼应，故G项 （森林浴不仅是一种探索自然的方式，而且对你的健康也有好处）符合语境。 2.___ C 解析 本段主要介绍了体验森林浴的地点问题，空前内容指出，森林浴的理想场所是在森林里，但如果住得离森林很远，也可以在城市公园里享受森林浴。C项与上文形成转折，指出在城市公园散步的好处不如在树林深处明显。故选C项。 刷7选5 19 3.___ D 解析 根据上文的To get the final rewards of shinrin-yoku, plan to spend two to six hours in the woods.可知，要想获得益处，在森林里待两到六个小时比较好。D项（进行森林浴大约这么长的时间有助于提高免疫力）承接上文。 4.___ A 解析 设空处是本段的小标题，根据本段中的The difference between normal activities and forest bathing is that we’re going to move very slowly.可知，进行森林浴时要非常缓慢地活动，故A项（目标是降低心率）符合本段主旨，与本段中reducing your heart rate呼应。 5.___ F 解析 上文介绍了进行森林浴的建议，最后一段应呼吁大家行动起来，F项（现在，在森林或公园里找一个地方，呼吸大自然的气味）总结全文。 刷7选5 20 核心词汇 make sense of 理解，弄懂（不易理解的事物） 刷7选5 21 $$