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02
Period II Using language—Presenting ideas
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
1
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.Arriving there, he was ________ (shock) by the city’s backwardness.
shocked
解析 句意为:到达那里时,他对那座城市的落后感到震惊。设空处作表语,描述主语he的状态,应用-ed结尾的形容词,表示“震惊的”。故填shocked。
2.The supermarket has a large _______ (various) of goods, which can meet the needs of different customers.
variety
解析 句意为:这家超市的商品种类繁多,能满足不同消费者的需求。a variety of... 意为“多种多样的……”。
3.Once a week, we do a big shop and buy a lot of _______ (freeze) food.
frozen
解析 句意为:每周,我们会进行一次大采购,买很多冷冻食品。根据句意以及空后的名词food可知,此处应用形容词,作定语,表示“冷冻的”,故填frozen。
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4.It’s hard to keep my _____________ (concentrate) with such a noise going on.
concentration
解析 句意为:吵闹声不绝于耳,我很难集中注意力。设空处位于形容词性物主代词my之后,应用名词作keep的宾语,表示“专心;专注”,为不可数名词。
5.Experiencing nature helps people recover ______ the mental tiredness from work.
from
解析 句意为:体验大自然有助于人们从工作导致的精神疲劳中恢复过来。recover from… 意为“从……中恢复”。故填from。
6.The government concentrated ____ how the protection plans were carried out and how the management of cultural heritage worked.
on
解析 句意为:政府重点关注保护计划是如何实施的以及文化遗产管理是如何运作的。concentrate on… 为固定搭配,意为“集中注意力于……”,故填on。
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7.There is no greater pleasure than lying on my back in the middle of the grassland, staring ___ the beautiful starry sky.
at
解析 句意为:没有什么比躺在草地中央,凝视美丽的星空更快乐的事了。stare at为固定搭配,意为“凝视;盯着看”。
8.China is famous ____ its 5,000-year-long civilisation which has never been stopped.
for
解析 句意为:中国以其5,000年的文明而闻名,这一文明从未停止过发展。be famous for… 为固定搭配,意为“以……著名”。
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9.Scientists have known that in the reaction ___ stress, an important role is played by a kind of chemical released by the body.
to
解析 句意为:科学家们已经知道,在应对压力时,身体释放的一种化学物质起着重要作用。reaction to为固定搭配,意为“对……的反应”,故填to。
10.The company ____________ (found) in 1997, mainly engaged in digging machine repair.
[广东广州执信中学2023高一期末]
was founded
解析 句意为:这家公司成立于1997年,主要从事挖掘机维修。此处作谓语,found与主语The company之间是被动关系,应用被动语态;由in 1997可知,动作发生在过去,应用一般过去时。主语为单数,谓语应用单数形式。
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5
根据提示补全句子。
1.该流星群正以每秒66千米的速度落下。
The shooting stars are falling ___ ___ ______ ___ 66 km per second.
at
a
speed
of
2.这些表达更加正式,能够显示对与你交谈的人的尊敬,而且在工作场合非常实用。
These expressions are more formal so they ______ _______ ______ the person that you’re talking to and they’re really useful in the workplace.
show
respect
to/for
3.这座世界上最大的瀑布的壮丽景色令我着迷,而且山景很壮观。
I was fascinated by ____ ____________ ______ ___ the biggest waterfall in the world and the mountain scenery was majestic.
the
breathtaking
view
of
4.正是人类活动导致了许多动物的数量锐减。(强调句式)
___ ___ _______ ________ _____ has caused the population of many animals to crash.
5.约翰和他的妻子通常晚饭后散步,他们的狗跟着他们。(with 复合结构)
John and his wife usually take a walk after supper _____ _____ _________ _________ ______.
It
is
human
activity
that
with
their
dog(s)
following
them
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6
在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
1.The hard truth is that a day will come ______ there is little or no exploitable coal, oil or natural gas anywhere.
when
解析 句意为:残酷的事实是,总有一天,世界各地可开采的煤炭、石油或天然气将很少或根本没有。设空处引导定语从句,先行词day指时间,关系词在从句中作时间状语,因此应用关系副词when引导该从句。故填when。
2.I still remember that afternoon ______ I fell asleep on the bus and went past my stop.
when
解析 句意为:我还记得那天下午,我在公共汽车上睡着了,坐过了站。设空处引导定语从句,先行词为that afternoon,关系词在从句中作时间状语,应用when引导该从句。
3.I will never forget the day __________ we spent in the old town with small houses.
which/that
解析 句意为:我永远不会忘记我们在有小房子的老城里度过的那一天。设空处引导定语从句,先行词为the day,关系词在从句中作spent的宾语,故用which或that引导该从句。故填which/that。
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4.He returned to the small town _______ he grew up as a child.
where
解析 句意为:他回到了他小时候长大的那个小镇。分析句子结构可知,设空处引导定语从句,先行词为the small town,关系词指代先行词,在从句中作地点状语,应用关系副词where引导该从句。故填where。
5.I found many photos of interesting places __________ were not far away from our city.
which/that
解析 句意为:我发现了许多离我们城市不远的有趣的地方的照片。设空处引导定语从句,先行词为interesting places,指物,关系词在从句中作主语,故用which或that引导该从句。故填which/that。
6.The school has created an atmosphere _______ we can develop our own interests freely, helping us develop ourselves all round.[广东茂名2024高一期末]
where
解析 句意为:学校为我们营造了一个可以自由发展自己兴趣的氛围,这可以帮助我们全面发展。分析句子可知,设空处引导限制性定语从句,修饰先行词an atmosphere,先行词指抽象地点,关系词在从句中作地点状语,应用关系副词where引导该从句。
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7.We don’t know the reason _____ he was absent from the meeting.
why
解析 句意为:我们不知道他缺席会议的原因。____ he was absent from the meeting是定语从句,修饰先行词reason,关系词在定语从句中作原因状语,所以应用关系副词why引导该从句。故填why。
8.There are many reasons _____ English is so widely used around the world in the fields of science, business, and more.
why
解析 句意为:英语在世界各地的科学、商业等更多领域被广泛使用是有很多原因的。分析句子结构可知,设空处引导定语从句, 先行词是reasons,关系词在从句中作原因状语,应用关系副词why引导该从句。故填why。
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9.I’m terribly sorry, but this is the best reason _____ I could give for causing such inconvenience to you all.[黑龙江哈尔滨三中2024高一期中]
that
解析 句意为:非常抱歉,这是我能给出的给大家带来不便的最好理由。分析句子结构可知,but后的并列分句是一个包含定语从句的复合句,先行词是reason,设空处在定语从句中作宾语,应用关系代词引导该从句,且先行词reason被最高级the best修饰,只能用关系代词that,故填that。
10.When you’re always expecting more and always looking forward to a time ______ you’ll be happy, you’ll never be really happy.
when
解析 句意为:当你总是盼望更多,总是期待你会快乐的时候,你永远不会真正快乐。分析句子结构可知,此处引导限制性定语从句,先行词time指时间,关系词在从句中作时间状语,所以使用关系副词when引导该从句。
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[湖北荆州中学2023高一期末] 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Despite many laws and 1. . (nation) parks protecting tigers, their habitats continue to be destroyed and they are still being hunted. Tigers are among the most endangered species in the world nowadays. Altogether, there are no more than 5,000 tigers 2. . (leave) in the wild. Some think that the tiger is already to the point of extinction in the wild. There are many reasons for this, like habitat loss and hunting.
national
left
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Actually, over the last few years, a number of steps 3. . (take) to help preserve the tiger. The Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) was set up to protect wildlife and their habitats in 4. . late 1800s. Today WCS is carrying out work in 53 nations across the world, protecting a great 5. .(various) of species from butterflies to tigers. In 2006, WCS and Panthera started Tigers Forever, 6. . aim was to increase the number of tigers in the world by 50 percent in the next 10 years.7. . (achieve) their goals, they are working together with not only governments 8. . other organisations to protect tigers and other wild species 9. . dying out.
Right now the tiger population is increasing steadily under this programme in India and in the Russian Far East. Due to the hard work of WCS, these large cats have a 10. .(good) chance of survival in their natural environments than ever, not just in zoos.
have been taken
the
variety
whose
To achieve
but
from
better
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。尽管有法律和国家公园的保护,老虎依旧是当今世界上最濒危的物种之一,文章介绍了国际野生生物保护学会(WCS)在保护老虎方面的措施以及成效。
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1.________
national
解析 句意为:尽管有许多法律和国家公园保护老虎,但它们的栖息地仍在被破坏,它们仍在被猎杀。设空处修饰名词parks,结合句意可知,应用形容词作定语。故填national。
2.____
left
解析 句意为:野生老虎的总数不超过5,000只。本句为there be句式,句中已有谓语,其与设空处之间无连词连接,设空处应用非谓语动词;根据语境可知,leave与其逻辑主语no more than 5,000 tigers之间为被动关系,应用过去分词作后置定语。故填left。
3.________________
have been taken
解析 句意为:事实上,在过去的几年里,人们采取了许多措施来保护老虎。设空处作谓语,根据时间状语over the last few years可知,谓语动词应用现在完成时;主语a number of steps为复数,谓语也应用复数形式;steps与动词take之间为被动关系,故用现在完成时的被动语态。
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4.____
the
解析 句意为:国际野生生物保护学会成立于19世纪末,旨在保护野生动物及其栖息地。表示在某一年代时,用固定结构“in+the+年份的复数”,in the late 1800s表示“在19世纪末”。
5._______
variety
解析 句意为:如今,国际野生生物保护学会在全球53个国家开展工作,保护从蝴蝶到老虎等各种物种。a variety of为固定短语,意为“各种各样的”,故填variety。
6._______
whose
解析 句意为:2006年,国际野生生物保护学会和Panthera(野生猫科动物保护组织)创立了“永远的老虎”项目,其目标是在未来10年内将世界上老虎的数量增加50%。分析句子结构可知,设空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词Tigers Forever,且关系词在从句中作aim的定语,表示“……的目标”,故应用关系代词whose引导该从句。故填whose。
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7.___________
To achieve
解析 句意为:为了实现他们的目标,他们不仅与政府合作,还与其他组织合作,以保护老虎和其他野生物种免于灭绝。分析句子结构可知,句中已有谓语,其与设空处之间无连词连接,设空处应用非谓语动词作目的状语,故用动词不定式。故填To achieve。
8.____
but
解析 句意见上一题解析。not only… but(also)... 为固定结构,意为“不但……而且……”,其中also可以省略,故填but。
9.______
from
解析 protect… from… 为固定搭配,意为“保护……免受……”。故填from。
10.______
better
解析 句意为:由于国际野生生物保护学会的辛勤工作,这些大型猫科动物在自然环境中比以往有了更好的生存机会,而不仅仅是在动物园里。根据than并结合句意可知,此处表示比较含义,应用形容词的比较级。故填better。
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