Unit 4 Friends forever 单元限时小卷-【高中必刷题】2024-2025学年新教材高中英语必修1同步课件 (外研版)

03 单元限时小卷 建议用时：55分钟 1 [江苏南京师大附中2024高一期末] Birds rely on their keen sense of hearing to detect prey （猎物） and identify other birds on the basis of their songs. In fact, birds have better hearing than humans, so they hear with much more detail. So how do birds hear? Birds and humans both have an inner ear and a middle ear. However, birds differ from humans in that they lack an external ear structure. Where humans have an outer ear organ, birds have a funnel-shaped （漏斗状的） opening that functions as their outer ear, located on each side of their head. These openings are usually positioned behind and slightly below a bird’s eyes and are protected by soft feathers. The position of a bird’s head also plays a role in its hearing abilities. Scientists have determined that noises register （记录） at different frequencies on each side of the bird’s head. Depending on the angle from which the noise originates, it registers with a certain frequency in the left eardrum （鼓膜） but with a different frequency in the right eardrum.This allows the bird to locate a sound’s origin. 刷阅读理解 2 Let’s take a look at owls. They are known for their extremely accurate hearing, which helps them locate prey at night. This hearing ability is partly due to the unbalanced arrangement of the ear openings, with one opening being lower than the other. Sounds register in these openings at slightly different times. Owls can use this time difference, which is only 30 millionths of a second, to determine whether the sounds are coming from their left or their right. Other birds of prey （猛禽） have small covers in front of their ears that help them determine whether sounds are coming from above them or below them. Some owls do appear to have ears on the top of their head, but those are actually feathers controlled by small muscles under the skin that do not affect their hearing at all. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了鸟类的耳朵结构以及鸟类是如何听到声音的，并以猫头鹰为例，解释了鸟类听力更好、更准确的原因。 刷阅读理解 3 1.According to paragraph 2, what is the major difference between birds’ ears and humans’ ears?( ) C A.Size. B.Position. C.Structure. D.Function. 解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的However, birds differ from humans in that they lack an external ear structure.可知，鸟类的耳朵和人类的耳朵不同的地方在于它们没有外耳结构。 刷阅读理解 4 2.What does the underlined word “This” in paragraph 3 probably refer to?( ) D A.Each side of the bird’s head. B.Sound quality around the bird. C.The angle from which the noise comes. D.The difference in frequencies between the eardrums. 解析 词义猜测题。根据第三段中的Scientists have determined that noises register… but with a different frequency in the right eardrum.可知，鸟类能够定位声音的来源是因为声音在它们的左鼓膜和右鼓膜的频率不同。所以This指代上文提到的“鼓膜之间的频率差异”。故选D项。 刷阅读理解 5 3.What is the purpose of the last paragraph?( ) A A.To give examples. B.To present the main idea. C.To draw a conclusion. D.To compare different opinions. 解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Let’s take a look at owls.They are known for their extremely accurate hearing… Sounds register in these openings at slightly different times.以及Other birds of prey have small covers in front of their ears that help them determine whether sounds are coming from above them or below them.并结合第三段最后一句话可推知，本段主要以猫头鹰和其它猛禽为例，介绍了不同鸟类有不同的判断声音来源的能力。故选A项。 刷阅读理解 6 4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?( ) C A.Different Senses of Birds B.Amazing Abilities of Birds C.The Secret of Birds’ Hearing D.The Origin of Birds’ Hearing 解析 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了鸟类耳朵结构的特点以及鸟类是如何听到声音的，并以猫头鹰为例，解释了鸟类听力更好、更正确的原因。所以（鸟类听觉的奥秘）适合做本文的最佳标题。故选C项。 刷阅读理解 7 One of the reasons why we preserve historic places is that they can continue to tell the stories of our history for the next generation. But what if the next generation doesn’t understand the value and significance of these places? 1. . Here are four things to do with kids in the classroom or at home to get them involved in and excited about historic preservation. Talk to the neighbours. Encourage kids to talk to the neighbours who have lived on their street for a long time. Find out what they remember about living there and about the people who have moved on. Maybe they have old photographs of how the street and houses used to look.2. . Oral （口述的） histories are an invaluable resource and provide a link to the places of our past. Visit a historic site. Take kids to visit a historic site in your area, or stop by the local historical society or museum. You can often find an original map of the surrounding area at the historical society or museum. Make a project out of comparing old maps to today’s roads and neighbourhoods.3. . What has stayed the same? G F A 刷7选5 8 4. . Ask your historical society or local preservation organisation if there are any projects that your kids can get involved in. Help clean up and repair buildings or plant trees in or around historic areas. Create a historical record for a landmark （遗址）.Brainstorm the items that should be included in a historical record, like photographs, construction dates, architectural styles and features, and stories of who lived there or used the building and for what. What kinds of things would someone want to know about this place in 50 or 100 years? 5. . A.What has changed? B.Take part in a community project. C.Create a historic walking tour of your city. D.Then, put together your own historical record. E.Do they tell different stories from different ages? F.You can also consider recording the conversation. G.That’s why it’s important to get kids involved in historic preservation. B D 刷7选5 9 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几种引导孩子们参与历史遗迹保护的方法。 1.___ G 解析 前文提到我们保护历史遗迹的原因之一是它们可以继续为下一代讲述我们的历史故事。空前提出设问：但如果下一代不理解这些地方的价值和意义该怎么办呢？ 后文提出本文主旨，有四件让孩子们参与历史古迹保护要做的事。G项（这就是为什么让孩子们参与历史文物保护很重要）承上启下，其中的historic preservation和下文中的historic preservation相呼应。故选G项。 2.___ F 解析 前文提到鼓励孩子和街道上居住已久的邻居交谈的意义在于可以帮助孩子了解此地的历史，下文提到口述历史是极宝贵的资源和将我们与历史遗迹相联系的桥梁。由此可推知，设空处应承上启下；F项中的recording the conversation承接上文的Talk to the neighbours.，且与设空处后的Oral histories are an invaluable resource相呼应。故选F项。 刷7选5 10 3.___ A 解析 前文讲到把旧地图与现在的道路和社区进行比较，后文提出问题：什么保持不变？结合选项可判断，A项（什么改变了？）符合语境，表示通过对比，探索改变的地方和没有改变的地方。 4.___ B 解析 根据文章结构可知，设空处位于段首，是本段的主题句，应对该段内容进行概括。根据下文Ask your historical society or local preservation organisation if there are any projects that your kids can get involved in.可知，下文提到了让孩子参与项目，所以本段主要是讲通过参与项目的方式来了解历史。B项（参与社区项目）中的Take part in与下文中的get involved in是同义表述，而下文中的Help clean up and repair buildings or plant trees是对参与方式的具体举例说明。B项符合语境。 刷7选5 11 5.___ D 解析 前文Brainstorm the items that should be included in a historical record, like… 提到想出你想要加入史学档案中的内容，并列举了一些例子。D项（然后，把你自己的史学档案整理出来）承接上文。故选D项。 刷7选5 12 [山东青岛二中2024高一期中] Thanksgiving Day was near. The first-grade teacher gave her class a fun . .1. .—to draw a picture of something for which they were thankful. Most of the class might have economic problems and . .2. . to have a good meal, but still many would . .3. . the holiday with turkey and other traditional food of the season. These, the teacher thought, would be the . .4. . of most of her students’ art. And they were. But Douglas made a different kind of picture. It was just an empty hand. Douglas was a . .5. . kind of boy. As other children played during the break, Douglas was . .6. . to stand close by the teacher’s side. One could guess at the pain Douglas . .7. . behind those eyes. His abstract image captured （引起） the . .8. . of his peers. Whose hand could it be? One child guessed it was the hand of a farmer because farmers raise . .9. ..Another suggested a police officer because the police protect and care for people. And the discussion went—. .10. . the teacher turned to the young artist himself. She paused at Douglas’ desk, bent down and asked whose hand it was. The boy looked . .11. . and murmured, “It’s yours.” 刷完形填空 13 She . .12. . the time when she had taken his hand and walked with him here or there. How often had she said, “Take my hand, Douglas. We’ll go outside.” Or “Let me show you how to . .13. . your pencil.” Douglas was most . .14. . for his teacher’s hand. In fact, people might not always say “thanks”.But they’ll remember the hand that was . .15. .. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了感恩节来临之际，一年级的老师让学生们画出他们所感恩的东西，大部分人都画了与感恩节相关的诸如火鸡之类的主题。但是男孩道格拉斯与众不同，他画了一只手——总是帮助他的老师的手。他用这种方式表达了对老师的感恩。 1.( ) A.work B.assignment C.experiment D.duty B 解析 根据下文to draw a picture of something for which they were thankful可知，画一幅他们所感恩的东西的画是老师布置给学生们的任务。assignment意为“任务”，故选B项。experiment意为“实验”；duty意为“责任”。 刷完形填空 14 2.( ) A.offer B.tend C.struggle D.go C 解析 根据上文Most of the class might have economic problems 可知，班上的大多数人可能有经济困难，因此他们很难吃上一顿丰盛的饭。struggle to do sth 意为“挣扎着做某事；做某事很费劲”，故选C项。offer意为“主动提出”；tend意为“倾向于”。 3.( ) A.provide B.observe C.congratulate D.memorise B 解析 根据下文the holiday with turkey and other traditional food of the season可推知，学生们会用火鸡和其他当季的传统食物来庆祝感恩节。observe意为“庆祝”，故选B项。provide意为“提供”；congratulate意为“祝贺”；memorise意为“记住”。 刷完形填空 15 知识拓展 observe熟词生义 熟义：vt.看到；观察到；注意到 生义：vt.庆祝；欢度；遵守（规则等） 刷完形填空 16 4.( ) A.subjects B.purposes C.concerns D.attempts A 解析 空前的These指代上文中的turkey and other traditional food of the season，即火鸡和其他当季的传统食物，由此推知，这些将是孩子们画画的主题。subject意为“主题”，故选A项。purpose意为“目的”；concern意为“关心；担心”；attempt意为“尝试”。 5.( ) A.natural B.traditional C.common D.different D 解析 根据上文中的But Douglas made a different kind of picture.及下文中的As other children played during the break, Douglas was____ to stand close by the teacher’s side.可推知，道格拉斯与其他孩子不同。故选D项。 6.( ) A.likely B.lucky C.unwilling D.wise A 解析 根据语境可知，道格拉斯跟其他的孩子都不太一样，此处表示当其他孩子都在休息时间玩耍时，道格拉斯可能会选择跟老师待在一起。likely意为“可能的”，故选A项。lucky意为“幸运的”；unwilling意为“不情愿的”；wise意为“明智的”。 刷完形填空 17 7.( ) A.made B.found C.felt D.sought C 解析 根据上文内容可知，道格拉斯跟其他孩子不太一样，无法融入其他孩子，由此可推知，此处表示他感受到的痛苦。故选C项。seek意为“寻找”。 8.( ) A.description B.imagination C.emotions D.illustration B 解析 根据下文Whose hand could it be? One child guessed it was the hand of a farmer because farmers raise ____.Another suggested a police officer because the police protect and care for people.可知，其他孩子纷纷猜测道格拉斯画的手是谁的，因此是激发了他们的想象力。imagination意为“想象力”，故选B项。description意为“描述”；emotion意为“情感”；illustration意为“例证”。 9.( ) A.cattle B.turkeys C.chickens D.sheep B 解析 根据上文Thanksgiving Day was near.和to draw a picture of something for which they were thankful 以及____ the holiday with turkey可知，老师在感恩节前让学生们画画，画的内容是他们所感恩的东西，许多学生会用火鸡来庆祝这个节日，结合常识可推知，有孩子会猜测这幅画里的手是养火鸡的农民的。故选B项。 刷完形填空 18 10.( ) A.specially B.clearly C.finally D.simply C 解析 根据下文中的She paused at Douglas’ desk, bent down and asked whose hand it was.可知，此处表示学生们一直在讨论，最后老师转向了这位年轻的艺术家本人。finally意为“最终，最后”，故选C项。specially意为“尤其”；clearly意为“清晰地”；simply意为“只是”。 11.( ) A.forward B.on C.out D.away D 解析 根据空后内容可知，道格拉斯低声回答老师的问题，由此推知，面对老师的提问，他会把目光移开。look away意为“转移目光”。故选D项。 12.( ) A.reminded B.spent C.remembered D.thought C 解析 根据下文the time when she had taken his hand and walked with him here or there 可推知，道格拉斯的回答让老师回想起这样的日子。remember意为“回想起”，故选C项。remind意为“提醒”。 刷完形填空 19 14.( ) A.helpful B.thankful C.useful D.famous B 解析 根据上文中的to draw a picture of something for which they were thankful可知，画的内容是所感恩的东西，因此道格拉斯画的老师的手是他最感恩的东西。故选B项。helpful意为“有帮助的”；useful意为“有用的”。 15.( ) A.given out B.taken out C.let out D.reached out D 解析 根据空前的the hand可推知，此处指伸出来帮助的手，一语双关，既指实体意义上的老师用来牵起道格拉斯的那只手，也指抽象意义上的老师给予道格拉斯的帮助。reach out意为“伸出”，故选D项。give out意为“分发”；take out意为“带（某人）出去”；let out意为“发出”。 13.( ) A.hold B.draw C.carry D.move A 解析 根据语境和常识并结合选项可知，一年级的老师会教学生如何握住铅笔。故选A项。hold意为“握住；抓住”；draw意为“画”；carry意为“携带”；move意为“移动”。 刷完形填空 20 [河南创新发展联盟2024高一月考] A walk along the Beijing Central Axis （中轴线）, joining the Drum Tower, the Nanluoguxiang Lane, the Jingshan Park and the Palace Museum—this was Zhao Xianghan’s 1. . （one） city-walk journey in the spring of 2022.Since then, the 21-year-old student from the Beijing Foreign Studies University 2. . （remain） a city-walk lover, believing it to be the best way to “rediscover a city”. “I visited Beijing before the start of my college life here, and it was a typical package tour during 3. . going to scenic spots and taking photos was a big thing. The crowded tourist attractions gave me the 4. . （impress） that Beijing was a noisy place,” said Zhao, “Yet now a city-walk allows me 5. . （see） a whole different side of Beijing.” first has remained which impression to see 刷语法填空 21 With more and more travel options, 6. . （tradition） group tours can no longer satisfy people who are looking for a personalised and different travel experience. Compared 7. . tightly-scheduled travel tours, a city-walk 8. . （focus） more on the free side of a travel experience. The city-walk culture to experience urban life with no transportation means other than one’s legs and feet has also been 9. . hit online. On a video-sharing app, a recent video about city-walk routes in Guangzhou has gained more than 171,000 likes. “City-walk is all about doing whatever you want in your own exploration of a city, and it is 10. . （actual） a kind of slow-paced and low-carbon lifestyle that I relate to so much,” said Zhao. traditional with/to focuses a actually 【语篇导读】本文是一篇新闻报道。城市漫步作为个性化和差异化的体验，受到很多人的喜爱，文章主要介绍城市漫步已成为彰显慢节奏和低碳生活的趋势。 刷语法填空 22 1._____ first 解析 句意为：沿着北京中轴线，走过鼓楼、南锣鼓巷、景山公园和故宫博物院——这是2022年春天赵向涵（音译）的第一次城市漫步之旅。根据时间状语in the spring of 2022及后文的Since then并结合语境可知，此处应填序数词，意为“第一次”。故填first。 2._____________ has remained 解析 句意为：从那以后，这位来自北京外国语大学的21岁学生就一直是城市漫步的爱好者，他/她认为这是“重新发现一座城市”的最佳方式。设空处作谓语，根据时间状语Since then可知，此处应用现在完成时；主语the 21-year-old student为单数，故谓语应用第三人称单数形式。 3._______ which 解析 句意为：在这里的大学生活开始前，我曾随团游览过一次北京，在此期间，去景区拍照是一件很重要的事。句中已有谓语，空前有during，故此处是“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，先行词为tour，指物，设空处在定语从句中作介词during的宾语，故用关系代词which。 刷语法填空 23 4.__________ impression 解析 句意为：拥挤的旅游景点给我的印象是北京是一个喧闹的地方。设空处作宾语，且其前有定冠词the修饰，故应填名词，impression意为“印象”时为可数名词，此处特指“北京是一个喧闹的地方”这种印象，应用单数形式。 5._______ to see 解析 句意为：但现在城市漫步让我看到北京完全不同的一面。allow sb to do sth为固定搭配，意为“允许某人做某事”。故填to see。 6.__________ traditional 解析 句意为：随着人们有了越来越多的旅行选择，传统的跟团旅游已经无法满足那些寻求个性化和不同旅行体验的人。设空处修饰group tours，作定语，表示“传统的”。 7._______ with/to 解析 句意为：与行程紧凑的旅行相比，城市漫步更注重旅行体验中自由的一面。compared with/to… 为固定搭配，意为“和……相比较”。故填with/to。 刷语法填空 24 8.________ focuses 解析 句意见上一题解析。分析句子结构可知，设空处作谓语；再根据语境可知，此处描述一般事实，故应用一般现在时。主语a city-walk为单数，故谓语应用第三人称单数形式。focus on… 为固定搭配，意为“关注……”。故填focuses。 9.___ a 解析 句意为：除腿和脚外没有利用其他交通工具来体验城市生活的城市漫步文化也在网上大受欢迎。分析句子并根据句意可知，hit在此作名词，意为“很受欢迎的人（或事物）”。此处表示城市漫步文化成了“一件受欢迎的事物”，表泛指，故设空处应用不定冠词；hit的发音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。 10.________ actually 解析 句意为：城市漫步就是在探索城市的过程中想做什么就做什么，这实际上是一种慢节奏的低碳生活方式，我非常能产生共鸣。设空处修饰and之后的分句，应用副词。 刷语法填空 25 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 If you are walking across the campus, you can be embarrassed with every pair of eyes on you, especially when you’re 13 years old. I looked around to find a friendly face or a smile, but got nothing. I was quite disappointed. And I, in turn, felt a little foolish, walking across the campus with a false smile on my face. I was simply hoping to follow the advice that my mother had given me years before: When things get awkward, smile. No matter where you are, a smile will always be understood. At that very moment, however, I felt my mother’s advice didn’t work. Just at that time, I was asking myself questions and concerns of any 13-year-old on the first day of school: Where would I sit at lunch? Who would I talk to? Not to mention, how would I make friends when I didn’t even speak the language? My heart was beating fast, and I felt nervous. Still, I did my best to be calm so as not to let others know just how scared I truly was. 刷读后续写 26 When the teacher introduced me to the class as the “American girl”, 10 sets of hands immediately shot up. Some students had questions, while others wanted to practise their English with me. Because I didn’t speak much Chinese then, I talked with the other students through body language mixed with English and broken Chinese. However, I was not sure how much of it was positive. It was almost as if they weren’t sure what to make of me and I was being examined. Then again, who could blame them? After all, I was the first American ever to attend the school. So, we were all first-timers. 注意：续写词数应为150个左右。 Then came the first class—Chinese painting. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ As I burnt with great embarrassment, Li Hua, who was next to me, gave me a warm smile.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 刷读后续写 27 【写作提示】 1.材料导读 材料大意 本文讲述了来自美国的作者第一次到中国上学的经历。面对陌生的环境和语言不通造成的沟通障碍，作者感到尴尬和迷茫，对校园生活充满了担忧。作者听从妈妈的建议，以微笑面对尴尬，但这似乎并不起作用。伴随着紧张不安的情绪，作者迎来了在中国学校的第一堂课。 故事背景 作者13岁时第一次来到中国上学，面对陌生的环境和语言不通造成的沟通障碍，作者感到尴尬而紧张。 主要角色 作者（初到中国上学的13岁美国学生）、李华（作者的同学） 写作顺序 时间顺序 需要解决的问题 作者面对陌生的环境，且不能熟练使用中文，在中国学校的第一堂课上遇到了困难。 刷读后续写 28 2.续写分析 续写第一段（提示句：然后是第一堂课——中国画。） 根据第一段首句内容和第二段的提示句可推测，作者在学习画中国画的过程中遇到了困难，作者感到很尴尬。第一段可描述作者在第一堂课上发生了什么，描写作者学习绘画的过程。 续写第二段（提示句：当我尴尬得脸发烫时，在我旁边的李华给了我一个温暖的微笑。） 根据第二段首句内容可知，第二段可描述作者的同学李华给了作者怎样的帮助，以及作者和李华的互动。 情感变化 作者：面对陌生环境的紧张和羞怯——遇到困难时的尴尬和焦急——得到帮助后的触动和感激——为收获一个好朋友感到开心 刷读后续写 29 【参考范文】 Then came the first class—Chinese painting.The teacher showed us how to use a brush to paint bamboo on a piece of xuan paper.Then all the other students began to paint.But it was quite difficult for me.How could I hold the soft brush and make it go as I wished? Hesitating for a while, I tried dipping the brush into the inkstone.When I took it out, drops of black ink fell on the paper.There was no bamboo, but big black dots! As I burnt with great embarrassment, Li Hua, who was next to me, gave me a warm smile.I smiled back awkwardly.He came up to me and demonstrated how to use the brush.He moved the brush across the paper, and lifelike bamboo appeared! With his help, I finally completed the painting, although it was such an ugly one. After that, we became good friends.He taught me Chinese while I taught him English.We both made great progress in our studies.Yes, my mother was right.A smile did make a difference. 刷读后续写 30 稻壳儿 词汇加油站 核心词汇 1.function vi.起作用；运转 n.功能；机能 2.significance n.重要性，意义 3.get… involved in 使……参加/加入…… 熟词生义 1.keen 熟义：adj.热衷于 生义：adj.灵敏的 2.position 熟义：n.位置；地方 生义：vt.使处于 $$