Unit 5 Humans and Nature 单元限时小卷-【高中必刷题】2024-2025学年新教材高中英语必修2同步课件 (北师大版)

05 单元限时小卷 建议用时：55分钟 1 [全国乙2023] If you want to tell the history of the whole world, a history that does not privilege one part of humanity, you cannot do it through texts alone, because only some of the world has ever had texts, while most of the world, for most of the time, has not. Writing is one of humanity’s later achievements, and until fairly recently even many literate （有文字的） societies recorded their concerns not only in writing but in things. 刷阅读理解 2 Ideally a history would bring together texts and objects, and some chapters of this book are able to do just that, but in many cases we simply can’t. The clearest example of this between literate and non-literate history is perhaps the first conflict, at Botany Bay, between Captain Cook’s voyage and the Australian Aboriginals. From the English side, we have scientific reports and the captain’s record of that terrible day. From the Australian side, we have only a wooden shield （盾） dropped by a man in flight after his first experience of gunshot. If we want to reconstruct what was actually going on that day, the shield must be questioned and interpreted as deeply and strictly as the written reports. 刷阅读理解 3 In addition to the problem of miscomprehension from both sides, there are victories accidentally or deliberately twisted, especially when only the victors know how to write. Those who are on the losing side often have only their things to tell their stories. The Caribbean Taino, the Australian Aboriginals, the African people of Benin and the Incas, all of whom appear in this book, can speak to us now of their past achievements most powerfully through the objects they made: a history told through things gives them back a voice. When we consider contact （联系） between literate and non-literate societies such as these, all our first-hand accounts are necessarily twisted, only one half of a dialogue. If we are to find the other half of that conversation, we have to read not just the texts, but the objects. 刷阅读理解 【语篇导读】本文主要说明了要想客观全面地了解历史，仅有文字记录是不够的，有时需要结合文字和物品两种形式。 1.What is the first paragraph mainly about?( ) A A.How past events should be presented. B.What humanity is concerned about. C.Whether facts speak louder than words. D.Why written language is reliable. 解析 主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句中的If you want to tell the history of the whole world… you cannot do it through texts alone和最后一句中的even many literate societies recorded their concerns not only in writing but in things可知，不能仅依赖文字记录的历史，因为世界上很多地方过去并没有文字；即便今天很多有文字的社会仍不仅使用文字，还使用物品来记录事情。由此推知，本段主要说明过去的事件被呈现的方式。故选A项。 刷阅读理解 5 2.What does the author indicate by mentioning Captain Cook in paragraph 2?( ) D A.His report was scientific. B.He represented the local people. C.He ruled over Botany Bay. D.His record was one-sided. 解析 推理判断题。根据第二段第一句中的Ideally a history would bring together texts and objects和but in many cases we simply can’t以及下文From the English side… From the Australian side… 可知，作者认为需要结合文字和物品两种形式了解历史，而库克船长只有文字记录，因此作者在文中提到库克船长旨在表明他对事件的记录是片面的。故选D项。 刷阅读理解 6 3.What does the underlined word “conversation” in paragraph 3 refer to?( ) B A.Problem. B.History. C.Voice. D.Society. 解析 词义猜测题。根据第一段中的If you want to tell the history of the whole world… you cannot do it through texts alone和第二段第一句以及画线词后的we have to read not just the texts, but the objects可知，记录历史不能只用文字，而要将文字和物品相结合，画线词所在句指出，如果我们想要解读“对话”的另一半，就要结合文字与物品。由此可推知，画线词实际上指历史。故选B项。 刷阅读理解 7 4.Which of the following books is the text most likely selected from?( ) C A.How Maps Tell Stories of the World B.A Short History of Australia C.A History of the World in 100 Objects D.How Art Works Tell Stories 解析 推理判断题。根据第一段中的even many literate societies recorded their concerns not only in writing but in things、第二段第一句中的Ideally a history would bring together texts and objects和最后一段最后一句If we are to find the other half of that conversation, we have to read not just the texts, but the objects.可知，本文主要说明记录历史的手段不应是单一的，而应结合文字和物品。C项中的History和Objects与本文主题词相同，故本文最可能选自该书。故选C项。 刷阅读理解 8 长难句分析 句意：加勒比海地区的泰诺人、澳大利亚土著人、贝宁的非洲人和印加人都出现在这本书中，他们现在能够通过他们制作的物品最有力地向我们讲述他们过去的成就：通过物品讲述的历史反过来又会为他们发声。 刷阅读理解 9 One of the reasons why we preserve historic places is that they can continue to tell the stories of our history for the next generation. But what if the next generation doesn’t understand the value and significance of these places? 1. . Here are four things to do with kids in the classroom or at home to get them involved in and excited about historic preservation. Talk to the neighbours. Encourage kids to talk to the neighbours who have lived on their street for a long time. Find out what they remember about living there and about the people who have moved on. Maybe they have old photographs of how the street and houses used to look. 2. . Oral （口述的） histories are an invaluable resource and provide a link to the places of our past. Visit a historic site. Take kids to visit a historic site in your area, or stop by the local historical society or museum. You can often find an original map of the surrounding area at the historical society or museum. Make a project out of comparing old maps to today’s roads and neighbourhoods. 3. . What has stayed the same? 刷7选5 10 4. . Ask your historical society or local preservation organisation if there are any projects that your kids can get involved in. Help clean up and repair buildings or plant trees in or around historic areas. Create a historical record for a landmark （遗址）. Brainstorm the items that should be included in a historical record, like photographs, construction dates, architectural styles and features, and stories of who lived there or used the building and for what. What kinds of things would someone want to know about this place in 50 or 100 years? 5. . A.What has changed? B.Take part in a community project. C.Create a historic walking tour of your city. D.Then, put together your own historical record. E.Do they tell different stories from different ages? F.You can also consider recording the conversation. G.That’s why it’s important to get kids involved in historic preservation. 刷7选5 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几种引导孩子们参与历史遗迹保护的方法。 1.___ G 解析 前文提到我们保护历史遗迹的原因之一是它们可以继续为下一代讲述我们的历史故事。空前提出设问：但如果下一代不理解这些地方的价值和意义该怎么办呢？ 后文提出本文主旨，有四件让孩子们参与历史古迹保护要做的事。G项（这就是为什么让孩子们参与历史文物保护很重要）承上启下，其中的historic preservation和下文中的historic preservation相呼应。故选G项。 2.___ F 解析 前文提到鼓励孩子和街道上居住已久的邻居交谈的意义在于可以帮助孩子了解此地的历史，下文提到口述历史是极宝贵的资源和将我们与历史遗迹相联系的桥梁。由此可推知，设空处应承上启下；F项中的recording the conversation承接上文的Talk to the neighbours.，且与设空处后的Oral histories are an invaluable resource相呼应。故选F项。 刷7选5 12 3.___ A 解析 前文讲到把旧地图与现在的道路和社区进行比较，后文提出问题：什么保持不变？结合选项可判断，A项（什么改变了？）符合语境，表示通过对比，探索改变的地方和没有改变的地方。故选A项。 4.___ B 解析 根据文章结构可知，设空处位于段首，是本段的主题句，应对该段内容进行概括。根据下文Ask your historical society or local preservation organisation if there are any projects that your kids can get involved in.可知，下文提到了让孩子参与项目，所以本段主要是讲通过参与项目的方式来了解历史。B项（参与社区项目）中的Take part in与下文中的get involved in是同义表述，而下文中的Help clean up and repair buildings or plant trees是对参与方式的具体举例说明。B项符合语境。 刷7选5 13 5.___ D 解析 前文Brainstorm the items that should be included in a historical record, like… 提到想出你想要加入史学档案中的内容，并列举了一些例子。D项（然后，把你自己的史学档案整理出来）承接上文。故选D项。 刷7选5 14 [河南鹤壁高中2024高一段考] Katie Whetsell has been enjoying Disney movies from an early age and would often watch them with her mum, Karen. Confident about herself, Katie knew she . .1. . would be a performer in the future. When Katie was nine years old, her family were shocked by an unexpected . .2. .. Katie’s mother was diagnosed （诊断） with cancer. When the doctor told the Whetsell family that Karen’s disease was serious, and that she was . .3. . to get well again, they made a . .4. .. Disney World had been a long-time dream for Karen. So the family headed to Disney World for a trip that none of them would ever . .5. .. While they were watching a light show, a performer put her hands on Karen’s shoulder. They exchanged smiles and, to this day, Katie still remembers how . .6. . her mum looked. This was the day when Katie decided she wanted to . .7. . for Disney. Sadly, Katie’s mum Karen lost her . .8. .. Her family members . .9. . her every day and often think of that Disney vacation. 刷完形填空 15 Katie went on to pursue （追求） performing for a living. She . .10. . for years, working as a waitress and trying to make it as a（n） . .11. .. Her effort finally . .12. . when she was hired as a performer in Disney. Katie says she could help other families get away from the . .13. . in their lives, whether it’s a battle with cancer or simply helping adults feel like kids again. “Everything we do at the parks . .14. .. We give people an opportunity to . .15. . with their childhood.” 刷完形填空 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是凯蒂从小想成为一名表演者，在陪母亲去迪士尼乐园旅行后坚定了为迪士尼工作并给人们带来快乐的决心，并通过自己的奋斗最终实现梦想的故事。 1.( ) A.fortunately B.surely C.normally D.hardly B 解析 根据上文中的Confident about herself可知，凯蒂对自己很有信心，觉得自己将来肯定会成为一名表演者。故选B项。 2.( ) A.proposal B.target C.turn D.detail C 解析 根据下文的Katie’s mother was diagnosed with cancer.可知，凯蒂的母亲被诊断患有癌症，这对她的家人来说是一个意想不到的变化。故选C项。 3.( ) A.unnecessary B.unusual C.unwise D.unlikely D 解析 根据上文的the doctor told the Whetsell family that Karen’s disease was serious可知，凯蒂的母亲病情严重，不大可能再好起来了。故选D项。 刷完形填空 17 4.( ) A.decision B.rule C.judgement D.choice A 解析 根据下文的Disney World had been a long-time dream for Karen. So the family headed to Disney World for a trip可知，迪士尼乐园是凯蒂母亲长期的梦想，所以在她的病情不能好转的情况下，凯蒂一家人决定去迪士尼乐园旅行。故选A项。 5.( ) A.expect B.imagine C.enjoy D.forget D 解析 根据语境可知，凯蒂的母亲病情严重，为了实现她去迪士尼乐园的梦想，家人决定进行一次他们谁也不会忘记的旅行。故选D项。 6.( ) A.surprised B.delighted C.calm D.brave B 解析 根据语境及上文的They exchanged smiles可知，在看表演时，凯蒂母亲脸上露出了笑容，且去迪士尼乐园是凯蒂母亲的梦想，能够让这一梦想成真她应该很高兴。故选B项。 刷完形填空 18 7.( ) A.answer B.wait C.apply D.work D 解析 根据下文的when she was hired as a performer in Disney可知，此处指凯蒂决定去迪士尼乐园工作。故选D项。 8.( ) A.battle B.confidence C.balance D.anger A 解析 根据上文可知，凯蒂的母亲身患癌症，且病情严重；再根据下文的whether it’s a battle with cancer可知，此处指凯蒂的母亲输掉了与病魔的斗争。battle意为“斗争；搏斗”，故选A项。 9.( ) A.please B.encourage C.remember D.comfort C 解析 根据上文提到凯蒂的母亲输掉了与病魔的斗争及下文的often think of that Disney vacation可知，凯蒂一家人每天都会缅怀她的母亲。please意为“使高兴”；encourage意为“鼓励”；remember意为“缅怀；思念”；comfort意为“安慰”。故选C项。 刷完形填空 19 10.( ) A.struggled B.rented C.survived D.pressed A 解析 根据上文的Katie went on to pursue performing for a living.及下文中的working as a waitress and trying to make it as a（n）____可知，凯蒂一边做服务员，一边努力成为一名演员，她为实现梦想努力了好多年。故选A项。 11.( ) A.director B.performer C.star D.operator B 解析 根据上文的Katie went on to pursue performing for a living.及下文的she was hired as a performer in Disney可知，凯蒂继续追求自己表演的梦想，想成为一名表演者。故选B项。 12.( ) A.continued B.succeeded C.existed D.changed B 解析 根据语境和下文的when she was hired as a performer in Disney可知，她最后被迪士尼乐园聘为表演者，由此可知，此处指她的努力最终成功了。故选B项。 刷完形填空 20 13.( ) A.tension B.failure C.suffering D.loss C 解析 根据下文的whether it’s a battle with cancer or simply helping adults feel like kids again并根据常识可知，此处指凯蒂在迪士尼乐园当表演者可以给人们带来快乐，帮助其他家庭摆脱生活中的痛苦。tension意为“紧张”；failure意为“失败”；suffering意为“痛苦；苦难”；loss意为“损失；亏损”。故选C项。 14.( ) A.makes a difference B.sets an example C.keeps a record D.reaches an agreement A 解析 根据上文的Katie says she could help other families get away from the ____ in their lives… 及下文的We give people an opportunity to ____ with their childhood.可知，此处指凯蒂在迪士尼乐园当表演者所做的一切事情都会对他人有影响。make a difference意为“有影响”；set an example意为“树立榜样”；keep a record意为“作记录”；reach an agreement意为“达成协议”。故选A项。 刷完形填空 21 15.( ) A.agree B.compare C.live D.reconnect D 解析 根据上文的or simply helping adults feel like kids again可知，此处指给人们重温童年的机会。reconnect意为“重新联系”，故选D项。 刷完形填空 22 [辽宁重点高中强基协作体2023高一期末] China has a rich history and profound culture, including clothing. 1. .（it） traditional hanfu, which has long been neglected by the public, is making a comeback nowadays. As one of China’s largest hanfu-themed 2. . （event）, the Hanfu Cultural Festival 3. . （hold） annually in Xitang Water Town, Zhejiang Province. According to statistics from the organiser, hundreds of thousands of visitors attended the festival last year, many of 4. . were hanfu-wearing enthusiasts. Now, people who appreciate the traditional hanfu call each other tongpao, which is 5. . （original） from the collection of ancient Chinese poems The Book of Songs. 6. . （forbid） during China’s last feudal （封建的） dynasty, the Qing Dynasty, hanfu has been little known 7. . the public for many decades. Its events is held whom originally Forbidden to 刷语法填空 23 Nowadays, both the government and the public are attaching great importance to the promotion and 8. . （educate） of traditional Chinese culture. The number of tongpaos 9. . （rise） over the past 20 years since a worker named Wang Letian made a hanfu-style suit and wore it in public in 2003. The regular hanfu-themed event in Xitang has become 10. . major platform for hanfu culture promotion as well as a calling card of Xitang’s tourism. education has risen a 刷语法填空 24 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了汉服越来越流行，汉服爱好者越来越多的文化现象。 1.____ Its 解析 句意为：其传统汉服长期以来一直被公众忽视，如今正再度受到欢迎。根据句意可知，此处应用形容词性物主代词修饰后面的名词短语traditional hanfu，设空处位于句首，单词首字母大写。故填Its。 2._______ events 解析 句意为：作为中国最大的汉服主题活动之一，汉服文化周每年在浙江省西塘古镇举行。此处为“one of+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”结构，故设空处应填名词复数。 刷语法填空 25 3._______ is held 解析 句意见上一题解析。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，设空处作谓语，动词hold与主语the Hanfu Cultural Festival之间构成被动关系，设空处应用被动语态；根据时间状语annually可知应使用一般现在时。故填is held。 4._______ whom 解析 句意为：据主办方统计，去年共有数十万名游客参加了汉服文化周，其中许多人是汉服爱好者。分析句子结构可知，此处为“many of+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词visitors指人，且设空处在介词of后作宾语，应用关系代词whom。故填whom。 5._________ originally 解析 句意为：现在，喜欢传统汉服的人们互称“同袍”，“同袍”一词最初来源于中国古代诗歌总集《诗经》。分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中作状语，应用副词，修饰is。 刷语法填空 26 6.__________ Forbidden 解析 句意为：中国最后一个封建王朝清朝禁止人们身着汉服，几十年来，汉服很少为公众所知。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语，设空处与其之间无连词连接，设空处应用非谓语动词；此处在句中作状语，forbid和其逻辑主语hanfu之间为被动关系，应用过去分词形式，且此处表示动作已经完成。故填Forbidden。 7.___ to 解析 固定短语be known to sb意为“为某人所知”。故填to。 8._________ education 解析 句意为：如今，政府和民众非常重视中国传统文化的宣传和教育。设空处与名词promotion并列作介词to的宾语，故此处也应用名词。此处表抽象概念，故填education。 刷语法填空 27 9._________ has risen 解析 句意为：自从2003年一位名叫王乐天的工人制作了一套汉服并在公众场合穿这套汉服之后，过去20年里，“同袍”人数不断增加。设空处作谓语，根据时间状语over the past 20 years可知，此处应用现在完成时；主句主语为The number of tongpaos，谓语应用单数形式。故填has risen。 10.___ a 解析 句意为：西塘定期举办的汉服主题活动已成为汉服文化推广的主要平台，也是西塘旅游业的一张名片。此处表示泛指，应用不定冠词，且major的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。 刷语法填空 28 [湖北荆州八县（市、区）2024高一期末联考] 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I have a passion for fishing and animal protection, which can date back to my childhood. When I was young, my father was a fish and wildlife officer, so he travelled all over the province in the spring and fall. He loved his job, especially the part where he protected nature from humans. He’d taught me to fish alone, in silence, lost in my own thoughts. I still remembered that special day. Midweek, even in late August, no one was around. Police Outpost Lake is as far as you can go and still be in Canada. Songbirds, ducks, and Canada geese glided （滑翔） by in the breeze, touching down briefly on the surface of the water before flapping and quacking on their way back up into the sky, passing in front of the sun, temporarily blocking its warming rays. 刷读后续写 29 “How can I get the fish with these birds making noise?” I complained, a rod （鱼竿） in my hand. “Be patient, Jacob. Birds won’t disturb you.” Out of the corner of my eyes, I suddenly caught a glimpse of a few great northern loons （潜鸟） staying together not far from the shoreline. Dad once told me loons usually travel alone, but here were five of them in a group. Maybe it was a family? One loon, making odd sounds, swam away from the group, towards me. This is unusual. “Dad! Come here! Take a look at this loon!” Hearing this, Dad laid his rod down on the dirty sand, walking quickly towards me. The loon rested in the shallow water near shore, not ten feet away from us. It was so close we could see its red eyes. 刷读后续写 “Look at that beak （喙）!” I said. “It could easily hurt us to death with that thing! It could tear our faces! Blind our eyes!” Walking into the water, getting closer to the loon, we both saw thin wire wrapped around its neck. Fishing line maybe? Was there a hook （鱼钩） on the line, too? Was the loon asking us for help? 刷读后续写 注意：续写词数应为150个左右。 Reaching down, I touched its feather, my heart racing. _________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ “Hurry, Dad! I can’t hold this bird forever, you know!” I said. ___________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 刷读后续写 32 【写作提示】 1.材料导读 材料大意 本文主要讲述了作者回想之前父亲教他钓鱼的情景。父亲曾是一名鱼类和野生动物保护官员且热爱他的工作。一天作者和父亲在湖边钓鱼时，作者抱怨小鸟发出的噪声让自己无法专心钓鱼，而父亲告诉作者要保持足够的耐心。这时作者突然瞥见几只潜鸟在离岸边不远的地方待在一起，这与父亲曾经告诉作者的潜鸟通常会单独行动的场景并不相同，正当作者疑惑时，其中一只潜鸟发出奇怪的声音，向作者的方向游过来，作者感到这很不寻常，便喊来父亲，当他们走进水中，靠近这只潜鸟时，发现潜鸟的脖子被细线缠着。 刷读后续写 33 故事背景 作者和父亲在湖边钓鱼，遇到一只被细线缠住脖子的潜鸟，作者猜测这只潜鸟可能在向他们求救。 主要角色 作者、作者的父亲、遇险的潜鸟 写作顺序 时间顺序 需要解决的问题 作者如何克服自己对潜鸟的恐惧，跟父亲一起解救这只潜鸟。 续表 刷读后续写 34 2.续写分析 续写第一段（提示句：我伸手摸到了它的羽毛，我的心怦怦直跳。） 根据材料中的信息可知，这只潜鸟的脖子上缠绕了细线，第一段提示句提到作者弯腰伸手去摸这只潜鸟，因此本段可以对细节进行展开，描写作者在潜鸟身上看到的东西、潜鸟受伤的情况。且结合第二段首句提示可知，本段还应写到作者和父亲想出救援办法并决定对潜鸟实施营救，可围绕营救的具体措施和作者的心理来展开。 刷读后续写 35 续写第二段（提示句：“快点，爸爸！我没办法一直抱着这只鸟，你知道的！”我说。） 结合本段提示句可知，本段可以展开描写作者和父亲营救潜鸟的过程，并描写最后救援的结果、潜鸟与人的互动以及作者的心理变化。 续写线索 检查潜鸟的状况——确认救援的办法——作者忍着害怕与父亲一起解救潜鸟——潜鸟得救——作者松了一口气，潜鸟离开的场景令作者难忘 续表 刷读后续写 36 【参考范文】 Reaching down, I touched its feather, my heart racing. I could see there was a shiny red hook pierced in its body, and fishing line was wrapped tightly around its neck. I returned to the shore and came back with a tiny pair of scissors we used for snipping off the end of fishing line. “You have to hold it, Jacob. If it struggles, the hook would kill it.” When I bent down to pick up the loon, my hands were shaking, afraid that it might attack me with its beak. But the loon was silent and still. “Hurry, Dad! I can’t hold this bird forever, you know!” I said. Using the scissors, Dad cut away the fishing line from around the loon’s neck. Then, slowly but steadily, his fingers worked to loosen the hook from the bird’s flesh and finally he set the loon free. I patted the loon’s head, a gesture of gratitude that it hadn’t used its beak as a weapon. Never would I forget the scene, when that family of loons flapped and quickened their way back up into the sky. 刷读后续写 37 稻壳儿 词汇加油站 &16& 核心词汇 1.significance n. 重要性，意义 2.get… involved in 使……参加/加入 $$