Unit 5 Topic Talk & Lesson 1 Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练-【高中必刷题】2024-2025学年新教材高中英语必修2同步课件 (北师大版)

01 Topic Talk & Lesson 1 A Sea Story Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练 1 A [四川遂宁2023高一期末] Across much of Spain on Tuesday morning, a thin layer （层） of red dust （尘土） coated everything outside. This included cars, buses, trees, and plants. As the sun rose, the dust in the air turned the skies in some cities a strange orange. The cause of the dust and unusual sky colour wasn’t a forest fire, but the dust from the Sahara Desert. Every year, a large cloud of dust rises from the Sahara Desert. It’s called the Saharan Air Layer. Usually, it crosses the Atlantic Ocean as part of a natural cycle （循环） that helps develop farmland in Central and South America. 刷阅读理解 2 But sometimes, depending on the weather, the layer of dust gets forced to the north. Large sandstorms in North Africa lift sand and dust into the air, where it gets blown towards Spain. This kind of storm isn’t unknown in Spain. In fact, it has a special name—“calima”. It is so large that it can be seen from space. A NASA scientist says it’s like a river of dust in the air. That river of dust has met a river of wet air driven by strong winds. People in some cities, like Málaga and Navarra, reported that it was “raining mud （泥）”. In other places, the dust changed the colour of the snow on the ground. The dust cloud continued to spread north and west, hitting both France and the United Kingdom. The dust is expected to keep spreading, possibly as far north as Denmark. The dust cloud may make some places a little foggy and sunsets very colourful. Some weather experts warn that climate change could make dust storms from the Sahara Desert even more intense in the future. 刷阅读理解 3 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种自然现象，即每年撒哈拉沙漠都会升起一大片被称为“撒哈拉空气层”的尘土，它是自然循环的一部分，同时文章介绍了“撒哈拉空气层”对所经之处天气的影响。 1.What can we know about the Saharan Air Layer?( ) A A.It is farmland-friendly. B.It does good to the desert. C.It ends in the desert. D.It disappears in the ocean. 解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的Usually, it crosses the Atlantic Ocean as part of a natural cycle that helps develop farmland in Central and South America.可知，“撒哈拉空气层”通常有助于开发农田，即对农田有益。故选A项。 刷阅读理解 4 2.What is special about “calima” in Spain?( ) C A.It has different colours. B.It causes heavy rains. C.It is huge and common. D.It is formed near rivers. 解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的This kind of storm isn’t unknown in Spain. In fact, it has a special name—“calima”. It is so large that it can be seen from space.可知，西班牙的“calima”是规模巨大而且常见的。故选C项。 刷阅读理解 5 3.What does the underlined word “intense” in the last paragraph mean?( ) B A.Positive. B.Serious. C.Dangerous. D.Different. 解析 词义猜测题。根据上文内容可知，本文主要介绍了“撒哈拉空气层”对所经之处的天气的影响；根据画线词所在句中的关键词climate change和画线词前的even more并结合常识可知，此处表示气候变化会使尘暴现象更为强烈，故画线词和serious意思相近。故选B项。 刷阅读理解 6 4.In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?( ) D A.Culture. B.Health. C.Agriculture. D.Nature. 解析 推理判断题。本文主要介绍了一种自然现象，即每年撒哈拉沙漠都会升起一大片被称为“撒哈拉空气层”的尘土，以及“撒哈拉空气层”对所经之处天气的影响。尤其是根据文章第二段中的Every year, a large cloud of dust rises from the Sahara Desert. It’s called the Saharan Air Layer… develop farmland in Central and South America.可知，这篇文章可能出现在报纸的自然版块。故选D项。 刷阅读理解 7 &1& 熟词生义 1.coat 熟义：n. 大衣；外套 生义：vt. 覆盖；涂上 2.develop 熟义：vi. & vt.（使）成长，发展 生义：vt. 开发（资源、土地等）；研制（产品）；形成（观点） 刷阅读理解 8 B [浙江北斗星盟2023高一期中] A Portland, Oregon man has become the first person to travel across Antarctica alone without any assistance. Colin O’Brady has completed the 1,500-kilometre trip. He crossed the polar continent in 54 days. Friends, family and other people followed his progress through messages and pictures he left on social media. O’Brady spoke with his wife Jenna Besaw by telephone soon after he completed the journey. “It was an emotional call,” she said. “He seemed overwhelmed by love and appreciation, and he really wanted to say ‘thank you’ to all of us.” O’Brady documented the trip on the social networking sites. He called his journey “The Impossible First”. He wrote that he travelled the last 129 kilometres in one big, final push to the finish line that took well over an entire day. O’Brady wrote, “While the last 32 hours were some of the most challenging hours of my life, they have quite honestly been some of the best moments I have ever experienced.” 刷阅读理解 9 The day before, he posted that he was “in the zone” and thought he could make it to the end in one go. “I was listening to my body and taking care of the details to keep myself safe,” he wrote. “I called home and talked to my mum, sister and wife. I promised them I would stop when I need to.” Though other people have travelled across Antarctica, they had either assistance with more plentiful supplies or devices that helped move them forward. In 2016, British explorer Henry Worsley died in his attempt to travel alone across Antarctica unassisted. Worsley’s friend Louis Rudd, also from Britain, attempted an unaided solo journey in Worsley’s honour. He was competing against O’Brady to be the first to do it. Besaw said her husband planned to stay in Antarctica until Rudd finished his trip. 刷阅读理解 10 【语篇导读】本文是一篇新闻报道。科林·奥布雷迪成为第一个在没有任何帮助的情况下独自穿越南极洲的人，文章讲述了他穿越南极洲时遇到的困难和克服困难的过程。 1.What did O’Brady think of his journey through Antarctica?( ) D A.It was pleasant. B.It was discouraging. C.It was impossible to complete. D.It was hard to complete. 解析 推理判断题。根据第四段中的He called his journey “The Impossible First”.以及the last 32 hours were some of the most challenging hours of my life可知，奥布雷迪称自己的南极之旅为“不可能的第一次”，并且认为南极之旅的最后32个小时是他一生中最具挑战性的一些时刻，因此他认为南极之旅很难完成。 刷阅读理解 11 2.What did O’Brady promise his family?( ) A A.Making sure of his safety. B.Trying to achieve the goal. C.Keeping in touch with them. D.Stopping the travel halfway. 解析 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“I called home and talked to my mum, sister and wife. I promised them I would stop when I need to.”可知，奥布雷迪答应家人自己会注意安全。 刷阅读理解 12 3.Why does O’Brady still remain in Antarctica?( ) A A.To wait for another explorer. B.To compete with others. C.To help other explorers. D.To make his victory recognised. 解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，奥布雷迪仍然留在南极洲没回来是在等待另一个探险者拉德。 刷阅读理解 13 4.What might be a suitable title for the text?( ) B A.The Antarctic Continent B.Completing “The Impossible First” C.Travelling Through Antarctica D.An Incomplete Journey 解析 主旨大意题。文章第一段点明主旨：一名男子成为第一个在没有得到任何帮助的情况下独自穿越南极洲的人；下文讲述了他穿越南极洲时遇到的困难和克服困难的过程。故B项能够概括本文的主题思想。 刷阅读理解 14 &2& 核心词汇 1.make it to 成功到达…… 2.attempt n. 努力；尝试 vt. 试图，尝试 &3& 进阶词汇 overwhelm vt.（常用被动语态）使某人感到不能自持；使不知所措 刷阅读理解 15 [山东青岛2024高一期中] Thanks to Earth, we have fresh air to breathe, clean water to drink and warm sunshine to enjoy. But it seems that we may have taken these things for granted and not realised that our planet is getting “sick”. 1. . More than 15,000 researchers around the world have written a letter to warn about environmental threats. Among those environmental challenges, global warming sits at the top. Global average temperatures have risen by more than 0.5<m></m> since 1992. 2. . It means that heat waves would last around a third longer and rainstorms would be about a third more intense （猛烈的） if we take no action. The increase in sea levels would also be much higher. Countries like Singapore and Japan that are at low altitudes may be covered by the ocean in the future. 3. . It’s getting harder to get fresh water. Ocean pollution has become serious. Since 1992, the human population has grown by 2 billion, while the populations of all other animals have dropped by nearly 30 percent. 刷7选5 16 Scientists say that we are experiencing the sixth mass extinction in history. More than two-thirds of the world’s wildlife could be gone by the end of the decade if action isn’t taken soon. 4. . However, we have made some progress. That’s because we gradually stopped using chemicals that can break down ozone, a gas that protects Earth. 5. . A.The change is a big deal. B.Now, scientists have given us a warning. C.But this is not the only problem people are facing. D.We can make a bigger difference when we act right now. E.Scientists also conclude that global warming will continue for centuries. F.Some rare animals, like black rhinos, might just appear in pictures soon. G.All the countries in the world should take action on behalf of future generations. 刷7选5 17 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要呼吁人们重视地球环境问题，包括全球变暖、生物灭绝、水污染等。 1.___ B 解析 设空处前But it seems that we may have taken these things for granted and not realised that our planet is getting “sick”.提到我们没有意识到地球正在“生病”，设空处后More than 15,000 researchers around the world have written a letter to warn about environmental threats.指出研究人员联名致信，就环境威胁发出警告，结合选项可知，B项（现在科学家已经向我们发出警告）承上启下，选项中的warning与后文的warn相呼应。 刷7选5 18 2.___ A 解析 根据设空处前Global average temperatures have risen by more than 0.5<m></m> since 1992.可知，此处强调的是全球平均气温的变化。再根据下文及其中关键词longer、more intense、much higher表明的一系列严重后果可知，A项（这种变化是一件大事）承接上文，其中的The change与前文的“气温变化”相呼应，同时引起下文内容，符合语境。 【方法总结】7选5解题法之“瞻前顾后”法 做七选五时，我们一般采取“瞻前顾后”的原则，即观察上下文是否有相同或相似的词、短语或话题，是否存在因果、对比、递进等逻辑关系，是否存在代词的指代等。如：本题A项中的The change与前文的“气温变化”相呼应。 刷7选5 19 3.___ C 解析 根据前文的Countries like Singapore and Japan that are at low altitudes may be covered by the ocean in the future.以及空后的It’s getting harder to get fresh water. Ocean pollution has become serious.可知，此处讲述了人类面临的另一个环境挑战，即海洋污染变得严重，淡水越来越难以获得。设空处位于段首，C项（但这并不是人们面临的唯一问题）符合语境，引出了下文内容。 刷7选5 20 4.___ F 解析 根据前文的More than two-thirds of the world’s wildlife could be gone by the end of the decade if action isn’t taken soon.可知，如果不尽快采取行动，全球超过三分之二的野生动物可能会消失。F项（一些稀有动物，如黑犀牛，很快可能只会在照片中出现）承接前文，说明黑犀牛可能会受到环境影响，即将消失，might just appear in pictures呼应上文中的extinction和could be gone。 5.___ D 解析 根据前文However, we have made some progress. That’s because we gradually stopped using chemicals that can break down ozone, a gas that protects Earth.可知，人类在环境保护方面已经取得了一些进展。D项（如果我们立刻采取行动，我们就能产生更大的影响）承接前文，表明如果人类现在采取行动，就能产生更多积极的影响。 刷7选5 21 &4& 核心词汇 1.drop by… 减少了…… 2.extinction n. 灭绝，绝种 3.make progress 取得进步 刷7选5 22 $$