Unit 2 Making a Difference Using language Grammar 课件-2023-2024学年高中英语外研版（2019）必修第三册

必修 第三册 外研 extend mission disease disability territory v. 持续；延伸 n. 职责；使命 n. 疾病，病 n. 残疾，残障 n. 地区，地方 Read after the tape and speak out the Chinese immediately. Compare the following sentences and answer the questions. c ...Ryan had trouble believing the words which were spoken by his teacher... d In Uganda, Ryan at last saw the well, which was finished, with his own eyes. a ...Ryan had trouble believing the words spoken by his teacher... b In Uganda, Ryan at last saw the finished well with his own eyes. attributive clauses What was spoken in sentence (a)? Why does the author use -ed instead of -ing? What was finished in sentence (b) ? What is the difference between the two groups of sentences? Why does the author choose to use -ed instead of an attributive clause in the reading passage? the -ed used as attributive Group 1 Group 2 Because “the words” were “spoken” instead of “speaking”, and “the well” was “finished” instead of “finishing”. The words in red show passive instead of active actions. The sentences using -ed as attributive are more concise(简洁的) and formal. Now let’s read more examples. 1. What they needed was a well dug near their homes. 2. He also saw hundreds of delighted students who had turned out to welcome him. 3. Many inspired people gave him their support. 4. This insight grew from the determined attitude of a six-year-old boy who had the courage and perseverance to make his dream a reality. 1. What they needed was a well _____ near their homes. 2. He also saw hundreds of __________ students who had turned out to welcome him. 3. Many _________ people gave him their support. 4. This insight grew from the __________ attitude of a six-year-old boy who had the courage and perseverance to make his dream a reality. Fill in the blanks with appropriate words. dug delighted inspired determined go Ready? developed countries 发达国家 well-trained policemen 训练有素的警察 Translation 7 “碰壁点拨式”教学法是素质教育的一种方式，这种教学法的基本模式是：编拟题组—练中碰壁—讲评点拨—巩固消化。该教学法以问题为载体，以训练为主线，目标导控，问题教学，先练后讲，碰壁点拨，反馈矫正。增强了学习的方向性、选择性及目标性，使学生在克服困难消除障碍的过程中发展自己的观察力、想象力和思维能力，使他们的智慧升华，创造思维得以开发。 the bridge built last month 上个月建造的那座桥 屋外停着的那辆红色小汽车 the red car parked outside the house 8 单个V-ed作定语，常放在被修饰词之前(left 除外)，V-ed短语作定语时要放在被修饰词之后。 Focus on 基本用法 V-ed作定语 单个V-ed作定语 a. 及物动词的-ed形式作定语时一般兼有被动和完成的意义。 b. 不及物动词的-ed形式作定语时有主动和完成意义。 a grown woman 一位成年妇女 an escaped prisoner 一名逃犯 a broken cup 一个破杯子 a wounded soldier 一名伤员 ▲单个V-ed作定语，原则上是前置的。但有些单个的 V-ed，在习惯上或因为受到某些限制，则放在被修饰词之后。 1. He has spent all the money donated. 2. This will be the best novel of its kind written. 3. Who were the so-called guests invited? 4. She always eats the food left. 1. 被修饰词前有all, every等表“全部”概念的词修饰时； 2. 被修饰词前有最高级； 3. 被修饰语过长或有其他定语； 4. 习惯上作后置定语的V-ed (如 left“剩下的”) 他花光了所有捐赠的钱。 这将是这类小说中写得最好的。 昨晚被邀请那些所谓的客人是谁呀? 她总吃剩饭。 a. the color TV set produced last year = the color TV set that was produced last year b. a letter written to me by my daughter = a letter that was written to me by my daughter 一封我女儿写给我的信 去年生产的彩色电视机 2. V-ed短语作定语通常后置，其作用相当于定语从句。 (1) The boy injured (=who was injured) in the accident was taken to hospital. (2) Some of the people invited (=who were invited) to the party can't come. (3) Most of the goods made (=which are made) in the factory are exported. (4)The window broken (=which was broken) in the storm has now been repaired. (5) Have you finished the exercises given (=which were given) by Mr. Li? More examples: 3. V-ed有时还可用作非限制性定语，相当于一个非限制性定语从句，前后用逗号分开。 a. The houses, built last year, were destroyed by the earthquake yesterday. =The houses, which were built last year, were destroyed by the earthquake yesterday. 去年建的这些房子，昨天被地震摧毁了。 b. Some of them, born and brought up in rural villages, had never seen the subway. =Some of them, who were born and brought up in rural villages, had never seen the subway. 他们当中有一些人，生长在农村，从未见过地铁。 1. There was an ________ (excite) look on his face when the actress appeared. 2. It’s wrong for the ___________ (develop) countries to control the world. 3. I have collected the money ______ (need). 4. This is the problem _________ (discuss) at the meeting yesterday. 5. The _________ (surprise) look on his face suggested that he had not expected so. excited developed needed discussed surprised the changing world the changed world (1) 语态及时间关系不同 V-ing表主动、正在进行或经常性的动作； V-ed 表被动、动作已经完成 V-ed作定语与V-ing作定语的区别： the falling leaves the fallen leaves （正往下落的） （已落到地面的） （正在变化的） （变化了的） boiling water boiled water （正在沸腾的） （已经沸腾过的） fading flowers faded flowers （正在凋谢的） （已经凋谢了的） a developing country a developed country （发展中的） （发达的） 16 P53 3 Read the discussion between two students about Ryan's foundation. Rewrite the underlined sentences using the -ed form. P22 2 Check your answers! admired by raised spoken needed P53 3 Read the passage and choose the correct form of the words. Check your answers! P23 3 实战高考 1. (2022 全国甲卷 阅读理解A篇) Sherman Cymru is excited to present a _________ (pack) programme of the very best theatre, dance, family shows and music from Wales and the rest of the world. 谢尔曼·辛姆鲁很高兴能推出一系列来自威尔士和世界其他地区的最佳戏剧、舞蹈、家庭节目和音乐。 packed 实战高考 2. (2022 全国甲卷 阅读理解B篇) The clear front of the box had a "keyhole" in a geometric shape, and the birds were given five _______________ "keys" to choose from. Inserting the correct "key" would let out the nut. 盒子的正面有一个几何形状的“锁眼”，然后(研究人员)给了鸟儿五把不同形状的钥匙以供选择，只要插入正确的“钥匙”就能取出坚果。 differently shaped 未在截止日期上课时提交的论文，每迟交一堂课，就会降低一个等级评分。 实战高考 3. (2022 新高考全国Ⅰ卷 阅读理解C篇) An essay ______________ (submit) in class on the due date will lose a letter grade for each class period it is late. not submitted 实战高考 4. (2022 全国甲卷 阅读理解D篇) On the other hand, being young and old at the same time has its attractions. I considered this when I met a thoughtful young businessman _______ (name) Anthony. 另一方面，年轻和年迈都有它的吸引人之处。当我遇到安东尼，一位思想缜密的年轻商人时，我就想到了这一点。 named 实战高考 5. (2021 全国甲卷阅读理解A篇) Take a view, the Landscape Photographer of the Year Award, was the idea of Charlie Waite, one of today's ______________ (respect) landscape photographers. Take a view景观年度摄影师大赛源自查理·怀特的想法，他是当今最受尊敬的景观摄影师之一。 most respected 实战高考 6. (2021 全国甲卷阅读理解B篇) The adorable female calf is the second black rhino _____ ___________at the reserve, but it is too early to tell if the calves will make good candidates to be returned to ________________ of the wild. 这只可爱的雌性小犀牛是今年在保护区出生的第二只黑犀牛，但现在判断这些小牛是否能返回野生保护区还为时过早。 protected areas born this year 实战高考 7. (2021 全国甲卷阅读理解B篇) According to the World Wildlife Fund, the global black rhino population has dropped as low as 5500, giving the rhinos a “____________________” status. 根据世界野生动物基金会的数据，全球黑犀牛的数量已下降到低至5500头，这使得这些犀牛处于“极度濒危”的状态。 critically endangered 实战高考 8. (2021 全国甲卷阅读理解C篇) What do the ___________ words “Safe! Safe! Safe!” probably mean? 带下划线的词语“Safe! Safe! Safe!”的意思可能是什么？ underlined 9. (2021 全国甲卷阅读理解D篇) In the sciences and arts, those __________________ (praise) were most often white men, of European origin. 在科学和艺术领域，那些被誉为天才的人通常都是具有欧洲血统的白人。 praised as geniuses 实战高考 10. (2021 全国甲卷阅读理解D篇) A study _________________ by Science found that as young as age six, girls are less likely than boys to say that members of their gender（性别）are “really, really smart.” 《科学》杂志最近发表的一项研究发现，比起男孩来，早在六岁，女孩就不太可能说女孩“真的非常非常聪明”。 recently published 实战高考 11. (2021 全国甲卷 七选五) So what to do with all those perfectly-good-but-you're-maybe-a-little-sick-of-them clothes ______ (pile) _____ your bedroom floor? 那么你应该如何处理堆积在你的卧室地板上的那些质地很好但你可能有点儿厌弃的衣服呢？ piled on 12.（2020·新课标I卷短文改错)I like eating frying tomatoes with eggs, and I thought it must to be easy to cook. 实战高考 fried 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我喜欢吃西红柿炒鸡蛋。动词fry与tomatoes之间是动宾关系，所以此处应用V-ed作定语，故将frying改为fried。 实战高考 13. (2020 全国卷Ⅱ) Oranges: Orange trees are more than decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth. They make great gifts and you see them many times __________ (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune. decorated 14. (2019天津卷) Most colleges now offer first-year students a course specially ____ to help them succeed academically and personally. A. designed B. designing C. to design D. being designed 1. 单个V-ed作定语置于修饰词前面； 2. V-ed短语作定语通常后置，相当于定语从句； 3. V-ed有时还可用作非限制性定语，相当于一个非限制性定语从句。 4. V-ed作定语与V-ing作定语的区别： V-ed 表被动、动作已经完成； V-ing表主动、正在进行或经常性的动作。 I.选择合适的单词填空。 1. Watching the __________ (finishing/finished) painting, Alice couldn't help smiling. 2. Most of the artists __________ (inviting/invited) to the party were from South Africa. 3. The computers _______ (made/to be made) by your company are of high quality. 4. The __________ (surprising/surprised) look on her face suggested that she hadn't known the news before. 5. There are many ________ (fallen / falling) leaves on the street. finished invited made surprised fallen 1. We should have ourselves well organized if we want to get the work done in the _________ (give) time. 2. Most of the people _________(invite) to the party didn’t come because of the epidemic. 3. I want to read books _________(write) by famous English and American writers. 4. Before the show, hundreds of _________ (excite) visitors waited in their seats eagerly. 5. We are going to talk about the problem _________ (discuss) at the last meeting. Ⅱ.用括号内单词的适当形式填空。 given invited written excited discussed 1. What do you think of the birthday cake? It was made by my mother. 2. I was deeply moved by the film. The film was directed by Jia Ling. 3. The speaker answered all the questions carefully. They were raised by those university students. What do you think of the birthday cake made by my mother? I was deeply moved by the film directed by Jia Ling. The speaker answered all the questions raised by those university students carefully. Ⅲ.用V-ed作定语改写句子。 4. We are going to stay in the hotel. It is located by the sea. 5. Yuan Longping, who was known as the Father of Hybrid Rice, passed away in 2021. We are going to stay in the hotel located by the sea. Yuan Longping, known as the Father of Hybrid Rice, passed away in 2021. 1. 被邀请参加会议的大多数人是我的朋友。 Most of the people invited to the meeting were my friends. 2. 以西湖闻名的杭州已经发生了很大的变化。 Hangzhou, known for its West Lake, has changed greatly. 3. 这是一本由一位中国著名作家写的书。 This is a book written by a famous Chinese writer. Ⅳ.汉译英。 4. 虽然Jim已经退休了，但他仍然记得与他的学生们度过的快乐时光。 Jim has retired, but he still remembers the happy time spent with his students. 5. 那个演讲者回答了学生们问的所有问题。 The speaker answered all the questions asked by the students. 6. 你参加了昨天举行的会议了吗？ Did you attend the meeting held yesterday? Last August, a powerful typhoon (台风) 1._______ (name) Lekima hit my hometown, a town 2._________ (locate) on the eastern coast. Our house 3._______ (build) in 2016 was seriously damaged by the floods, which made us very sad. Watching the 4._________ (damage) buildings, cars and other things everywhere, we were all upset. Fortunately, the army, firefighters and volunteers came to the rescue. They built tents for those 5.__________ (affect) by the typhoon and floods, so that they had a place to stay for the time being. Slowly, our life returned to normal. named located built damaged affected V.用括号内单词的适当形式完成短文。 Can you use the V–ed form as attributive correctly? 各个击破 Homework Finish the exercises in Learning English. $$