精品解析：江西省新余市2023-2024学年高一下学期期末质量检测英语试题

新余市2023—2024学年度下学期期末质量检测 高一英语试题 考试时间：120分钟 试卷总分：150分 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. When will the movie start? A. At 7:30. B. At 8:00. C. At 8:30. 2. What does the woman ask the man to do? A. Try on the shirt. B. Pack the shirt. C. Pick a gift for her husband. 3. Why is the man pleased? A. He has a holiday. B. He gets a promotion. C. He finds a new job. 4. What is the relationship between the speakers? A Classmates. B. Doctor and patient. C. Teacher and student. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. A dish. B. A waiter. C. A restaurant. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. How does the woman sound at first? A. Annoyed. B. Tired. C. Surprised. 7. What does the man offer to do? A. Order some coffee. B. Buy film tickets. C. Prepare breakfast. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. Why does Ernest suggest starting the program? A. To raise workers’ pay. B. To promote the sales. C. To unite the staff. 9. What do the speakers agree to do? A. Seek other options. B. Carry out the program. C. Ask for workers’ opinions. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What does Casey ask for? A. A new photographer. B. Some files. C. More time. 11. Why couldn’t Michael appear in the photos? A. He wasn’t interested in it. B. He wasn’t in good health. C. He wasn’t in the design team. 12. What is the woman’s attitude toward Casey’s request? A. Disapproving. B. Supportive. C. Uninterested. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What does the man want to do? A. Set up a band. B. Work with students. C. Mix different music together. 14. What is the woman’s favorite part of the project? A. Holding a live concert. B. Having a large audience. C. Attending an online show. 15. Who is good at drums? A. A Chinese girl. B. A Brazilian boy. C. An English boy. 16. What chance does the project offer students? A. Running a workshop. B. Learning from music experts. C. Performing in different countries. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. How was the weather yesterday? A. Rainy. B. Sunny. C. Cloudy. 18. Why can’t people enter the town hall? A. It is open for staff only. B. It is too old to be safe. C. It is under repair. 19. What can people do in the park? A. Play tennis. B. Watch birds. C. Swim in the lake. 20. Which place is near the river? A. A cafe. B. A restaurant. C. A market. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。 A Some of the World Heritage Sites have been attracting tourists for hundreds of years and are as fascinating now as they were when they were first uncovered. Cappadocia, Turkey Designated a World Heritage Site in 1985, Cappadocia is a place of flowing rock formations and stone-capped chimneys (狭缝). Consider taking one of the many hiking trails to get up close. Nearby, in the village of Uchisar are the ancient cave homes built by the people of the Bronze Age. Borobudur, Indonesia Borobudur is one of Indonesia’s most famous landmarks, included in the list of World Heritage Sites in 1991. Located on the island of Java, this massive temple complex was constructed in the 700s, but two to three hundred years later, it was abandoned, possibly due to volcanic eruptions in the area, and went relatively undisturbed for centuries. The site was uncovered in the 1800s and later restored. Mesa Verde, U.S.A. Mesa Verde is home to some of the most well-preserved Indian ruins in North America. It has been on the list of World Heritage Sites since 1978. The most impressive sites are the cliff dwellings (住所), where the Ancestral Puebloans lived between the 12th century and the late 13th century. You can drive up to the top of the mesa to see pit houses and other ruins. Petra, Jordan Inscribed into the list of World Heritage Sites in 1985, this ancient capital city of the Nabataeans is a stone city with dwellings carved into sandstone walls. It has roots that trace back to as early as the 4th or 5th century B.C. Discovered in the early 1800s, it has been referred to as “the rose city” for the color of the rock. Situated in a mountainous area with limited access, it held a strategic position on the trade route in the region. Today, Petra is the most important tourist attraction in Jordan. 1. Which of the following appeared on the list of World Heritage Sites first? A. Cappadocia, Turkey. B. Borobudur, Indonesia. C. Mesa Verde, U.S.A. D. Petra, Jordan. 2. What can you enjoy in Cappadocia, Turkey? A. Cave homes. B. Temple complexes. C. Cliff dwellings. D. Rose-colored rocks. 3. What made Petra stand out in history? A. Its natural resources. B. Its critical location. C. Its dynamic tourism. D. Its unique scenery. B Chita Rivera was an American dancer, singer, and actress best known for her energetic performances in such Broadway musicals as West Side Story, Chicago, and Kiss of the Spider Woman. Rivera’s first performances were in shows her brother organized for production in the basement of their home. She took voice, piano, and ballet classes, and dance became her favourite activity. She won a scholarship to George Balanchine’s School of American Ballet in New York City and studied there for three years. In 1952 Rivera auditioned for (面试) the touring company of Call Me Madam, was hired, and spent 10 months on the road. Returning to New York, she replaced a principal dancer in Guys and Dolls on Broadway and then joined the chorus (歌舞队) of Can-Can. In 1954 Rivera left chorus work and performed Off-Broadway in Shoestring Revue. Roles in Seventh Heaven (1955) and Mr. Wonderful (1956) followed, and then Rivera landed the part of Anita in West Side Story, for which she received her first Tony Award nomination. Rivera finally won a Tony, for her performance as Anna in The Rink (1984). One critic said that she commanded the audience like “a lion tamer with a whip snap in her walk”. In 1985 she was back on Broadway in Jerry’s Girls. The following year Rivera suffered a broken leg in an automobile accident, and it was feared that she would never walk again. After many months of recovery, she eased her way back into show business by performing on cruise ships. In 1993 she returned to Broadway, portraying the film goddess Aurora in Kiss of the Spider Woman. Her energetic performance earned Rivera her second Tony Award. She received additional Tony nominations for a 2003 revival of Nine and for the autobiographical Chita Rivera: The Dancer’s Life (2005). In 2015 Rivera reprised her role as the vengeful Claire Zachanassianin The Visit on Broadway, earning another Tony nomination. Rivera’s numerous awards included a Kennedy Center Honor (2002) and the Presidential Medal of Freedom (2009). In 2018 she received a Tony Award for lifetime achievement. 4. What can we know about Rivera’s early experiences before 1954? A. Her performed with her brother in the basement. B. She took voice, piano, and various dance classes. C. She spent 10 months performing in different places. D. She fired a principal dancer in Guys and Dolls on Broadway. 5. How many times did Rivera win a Tony according to the passage? A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. D. Six. 6. Which words can best describe Rivera? A. Confident and elegant. B. Talented and easygoing. C. Strong-willed and famous. D. Strict and hardworking. 7. In which section is the passage most probably taken from? A. Entertainment. B. Award. C. Autobiography. D. Film. C It is natural to compare ourselves to others and to get caught in a mental comparison loop, and yet this seldom is beneficial. You may have heard the expression “Comparison is the thief of joy.” To me, this is true as I have found it is quite difficult to compare myself to others and feel joy at the same time. Comparison not only robs us of joy, but it can also fuel self-criticism and a lack of self-acceptance. Typically, comparison leads to perceiving others as superior to you in some way and feeling inadequate or inferior. “I am not as successful, competent, attractive as they are.” Why don’t I have what they have? We use comparison as an avenue for self-criticism, “What’s wrong with me? I must be an inadequate loser.” This hinders self-acceptance. Comparison is deceptive (误导的). It tells us that if we meet the expectations, lose weight, get a promotion, or buy the house, we will feel better, calmer, more self-assured, and stop comparing ourselves. This may be temporarily true, yet, a comparison is an internal process that is ultimately based on our thoughts and sense of self, not external circumstances. We can always find something else to compare, another expectation we tell ourselves we are not meeting. To stop comparing ourselves to others, we have to recognize that the comparison game is unwinnable (and exhausting) and stop playing. To shift from being guided by comparison to being guided by your values. Values are antidotes to comparison. Reflecting upon and being aware of your values, and aligning (使一致) behaviors and decisions with your values, highlights and reinforces what is truly important to you and can solidify your sense of self-identity and self-acceptance. This does not mean we ignore things that we may want to change. It means these changes and goals are based on values not comparison to others, and not relevant to self-acceptance, we accept ourselves regardless. Behaviors and decisions are a matter of personal choice, not a means to measure up to others or a requirement for acceptance. Self-acceptance isn’t about fixing anything about yourself, it is about affirming who you are, today. 8. What is the negative effect of comparison? A. It results in criticism from other people. B. It harms our confidence and dignity. C. It makes us give up working hard. D. It hinders our roads to success. 9. Why is comparison misleading according to paragraph 3? A. Because it is an internal process depending on our expectations. B. Because there are so many things waiting for us to compare. C. Because we set high standard for ourselves all the time. D. Because we never stop comparing despite temporary satisfaction. 10. What does the underlined word in paragraph 4 most probably mean? A. Solutions. B. Necessities. C. Reasons. D. Suggestions. 11 What is the best title for the passage? A. Comparison reduce our values B. Accept your own behaviors and decisions C. Stop trying to measure up to others D. Why is it unnecessary to compare? D A person suffering from paralysis (瘫痪) was able to independently drink water by using his brain to control a special glove serving as his hand. It sounds like magic, doesn’t it? This was a recent breakthrough in brain-machine interface (BMI) technology by a team of Chinese scientists and doctors. BMI refers to creating a connection between the human brain and external devices, making direct communication between the brain and computers. For paralyzed people, it helps control the body through thoughts in the brain cortex (大脑皮层) and do simple things by themselves. On Oct 24, 2023, the team completed the first clinical trial on the patient, using wireless minimally invasive (微创的) BMI implantation (植入). Two coin-sized BMI processors were implanted into the patient’s skull (颅骨), successfully receiving neural signals (神经信号) from the brain. After three months of home rehabilitation (康复) training, the patient can now use his brain signals to control a special glove powered by air pressure. This helps him do things like drinking water independently. The significance of the project is that the patient’s neural tissue was not damaged during the process, whereas previous attempts may have such risks. It also uses a wireless power supply, meaning that the implanted device does not require a battery. BMI is now mainly applied in the medical field to help improve the quality of life for those who have trouble moving or speaking due to brain-related issues. Additionally, BMI has simple applications for healthy individuals, such as monitoring attention span, fatigue (疲劳), and sleep, as well as serving as a simple interactive gaming device. In China, BMI technology is still in the early stages of research and development, with no products available yet on the market. Some people are worried that psychologically experiments may affect the autonomy (自主性) and even personality of the patients. Meanwhile, ethical concerns (伦理问题) related to BMI users also need to be addressed. These include patient privacy and whether the patient has a clear understanding of what is involved when agreeing to take part in the experiment. 12. What is the main focus of BMI technology? A. Advancing human communication. B. Developing wireless neural signal reception. C. Enhancing the connection between the brain and devices. D. Improving interaction between paralyzed individuals. 13. What do we know about the BMI implantation trial mentioned in the article? A. The patient could control a special glove to move. B. The BMI processors used are too small to be seen by the naked eye. C. The patient’s neural tissues were damaged during the implantation. D. Signals from the whole body were received by the BMI processors. 14. What is an important feature of the implanted BMI device? A. Minimally invasive wired implantation. B. Integration of air pressure technology. C. Application in simple interactive gaming. D. Use of wireless power instead of battery power. 15. What are the concerns mentioned about BMI technology? A. Ethical issues related to patient privacy. B. Psychological effects on healthy individuals. C. Potential physical impacts for patients. D. The high price of BMI products on the market. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Want to find out how you can learn a new language as fast as possible? If you commit to your new language, work hard, and have an open mind about making mistakes, you can go from basic conversational skills to fluency without the need for expensive classes and years of dedicated study. ____16____ Watch shows or movies. ____17____ Possibly the easiest thing you can do is watch television shows or movies in the language you are trying to learn. To make things easier, try to watch shows or movies whose plots you are already familiar with — like kids’ cartoons or dubbed versions of English movie. Knowing the plots will help you to identify the meanings of words and phrases. ____18____ Study smarter, not harder. Mastering everyday conversation will let you hit the ground running. It’s more important to master basic phrases you’ll use frequently than it is to start off by learning the alphabet or the perfect sentence structure. For example, you can learn phrases like: Hello, Goodbye, How are you?, I’m doing well, What is your name?, My name is…, and so on. Don’t worry about perfect grammar. ____19____ The reason why most people can’t remember most of the language they spent years learning in school is that school curricula tend to focus a huge amount of time on learning grammar and very little time on speech. ____20____ The specifics of grammar will come later. A. Learn how to greet. B. Learn basic phrases. C. We’ll let you in on the easiest language-learning secrets. D. Focus on conveying a message and being understandable. E. Language learners are afraid of being laughed at by listeners. F. If you want to learn a language quickly, you should learn how to talk first. G. Immersion can help you quickly improve your listening and speaking skills. 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Forty years ago, Mrs. Austen was my first-grade teacher, an old lady with salt-and-pepper hair, firm but kind, patient and ____21____. She let us bake gingerbread men in the school cafeteria — a delightful ____22____ that amazed me. And whenever we read the “Jack and Janet” books, she wouldn’t let the other kids ____23____ my classmate Jack or me. But I came to truly ____24____ Mrs. Austen when a dress-up day was ____25____. On that day, we were encouraged to wear clothes in the ____26____ of the mid-1800s. My mother, a superb tailor, made a pioneer-style dress for me. I was so proud ____27____ it as I walked to school that day. When I got there, however, I was the only one in my class who had dressed up, feeling kind of ____28____. Mrs. Austen oohed and aahed over my ____29____ and then went to her office. It didn’t take long before she _____30_____ in a frontier-style dress! She explained that she had asked her husband to bring the costume. We moved away two years later, and I still _____31_____ that I never told Mrs. Austen how _____32_____ I was to her, a teacher who went out of her way, and even _____33_____ her husband’s help, to keep a little girl from feeling _____34_____. I had many wonderful teachers throughout the years, but Mrs. Austen has always held a(n) _____35_____ place in my heart. 21. A. neighborly B. cowardly C. grandmotherly D. scholarly 22. A. treat B. view C. journey D. story 23. A. call on B. laugh at C. relate to D. engage with 24. A. remember B. approach C. believe D. appreciate 25 A. appointed B. scheduled C. established D. canceled 26. A. exhibition B. course C. style D. show 27. A. making B. wearing C. holding D. owning 28. A. contented B. frightened C. embarrassed D. disappointed 29. A. cookies B. present C. material D. costume 30. A. reappeared B. displayed C. announced D. modeled 31. A. pretend B. assume C. imagine D. regret 32. A. dedicated B. significant C. attached D. grateful 33. A. deserve B. sought C. offered D. declined 34. A. at ease B. in order C. out of place D. under control 35 A. special B. typical C. obvious D. ideal 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Imagine a vehicle that can pick you up outside your home, drive to the nearest railway line, transform ____36____ (it) into a train and then switch back to drop you in the center of a nearby town. It may sound like a story from “Thomas the Tank Engine”, but that is exactly ____37____ Japan’s DMV Road-Rail buses have been doing since 2021. The buses, ____38____ (accommodate) around 20 passengers per trip, run a 30- mile route between the town of Kaiyo in Tokushima and the city of Muroto, Kochi Prefecture. Six miles of the route are along a rural railway line, with the rest in bus mode. With a capacity of 23, including passengers and crew, the DMV is a gas-. powered bus fitted with a set of retractable (可伸缩的) rail wheels which can be ____39____ (ready) unfolded in about 15 seconds. Lighter than a traditional train, the DMV also consumes less fuel and is cheaper ____40____ (maintain). ____41____ (recognize) as “the world’s first operational dual-mode vehicle”, it is actually the ____42____ (late) in a long series of similar experiments to improve rural rail services and reduce their costs. As far back as the 1930s, road buses were transformed into railcars in Ireland and similar vehicles to the DMV ____43____ (test) in England before that time. Tokushima government hopes the DMV buses will become ____44____ tourist draw one day. It also believes they could also be _____45_____ much use for reaching remote communities in the event of natural disasters such as earthquakes, which can leave sections of roads or railway lines unusable. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是高一学生李华，你的美国笔友Peter对你的高中生活很感兴趣，想知道你进入高中后这一学年的情况和暑假的打算。请你给他写一封回信，要点如下： 1. 介绍高一生活； 2. 暑假的打算； 3. 感谢关心，表达祝愿。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Peter, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Alisa who had stayed at home all her life to look after her three children lost her husband in a car accident, so she had to step out and earn money to make ends meet. With zero work experience and no professional degree, her chances of getting hired for a well-paid job were next to zero. One day, after dropping her children at school, Alisa spotted a construction site. “I think I can work here,” she thought and approached the manager. “Hi, are you hiring?” she asked. “Yes, we are,” the manager looked at Alisa from head to toe. “Are you sure you can work here? This job requires a lot of hard work.” “I’m ready for it,” she told the manager and signed a contract to work a 12-hour shift. However, Alisa kept her new job a secret from her children. She thought they would feel embarrassed after learning their mother worked at a construction site. Every morning, after dropping her children to school, she would go to the construction site and work until her shift ended. She would pick up heavy bricks on her shoulder to transport them from one part of the site to the other. One evening, Alisa’s son, David, told her about an upcoming contest in school that required mothers to participate. In the competition, students will wear blindfolds and have to recognize their mothers without looking at them. “That sounds like such a cool event, David!” Alisa said excitedly, “I can’t wait for it!” “I won’t go there with you, mom,” David replied. “But why?” What her son said next was something Alisa wasn’t prepared to hear. “Mom, I would have to touch your hands to recognize you, and everyone would look at them,” David explained. “Your hands are so ugly. They’re so hard and rough,” he added. “I will feel so embarrassed when my classmates look at your hands,” the boy said. “I won’t attend the event.” Alisa felt terrible but couldn’t say anything in her defense. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 A few weeks later, David was walking home when something unexpected caught his attention. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ On his way back home, he kept thinking about how he would apologize to his mother. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 听力1-20 CBBAC ACCAC BACAB BACBA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 新余市2023—2024学年度下学期期末质量检测 高一英语试题 考试时间：120分钟 试卷总分：150分 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. When will the movie start? A. At 7:30. B. At 8:00. C. At 8:30. 2. What does the woman ask the man to do? A. Try on the shirt. B. Pack the shirt. C. Pick a gift for her husband. 3. Why is the man pleased? A. He has a holiday. B. He gets a promotion. C. He finds a new job. 4. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Doctor and patient. C. Teacher and student. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. A dish. B. A waiter. C. A restaurant. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. How does the woman sound at first? A. Annoyed. B. Tired. C. Surprised. 7. What does the man offer to do? A. Order some coffee. B. Buy film tickets. C. Prepare breakfast. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. Why does Ernest suggest starting the program? A. To raise workers’ pay. B. To promote the sales. C. To unite the staff. 9. What do the speakers agree to do? A. Seek other options. B. Carry out the program. C. Ask for workers’ opinions. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What does Casey ask for? A. A new photographer. B. Some files. C. More time. 11. Why couldn’t Michael appear in the photos? A. He wasn’t interested in it. B. He wasn’t in good health. C. He wasn’t in the design team. 12. What is the woman’s attitude toward Casey’s request? A. Disapproving. B. Supportive. C. Uninterested. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What does the man want to do? A. Set up a band. B. Work with students. C. Mix different music together. 14. What is the woman’s favorite part of the project? A. Holding a live concert. B. Having a large audience. C. Attending an online show. 15. Who is good at drums? A. A Chinese girl. B. A Brazilian boy. C. An English boy. 16. What chance does the project offer students? A. Running a workshop. B. Learning from music experts. C. Performing in different countries. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. How was the weather yesterday? A. Rainy. B. Sunny. C. Cloudy. 18. Why can’t people enter the town hall? A. It is open for staff only. B. It is too old to be safe. C. It is under repair. 19. What can people do in the park? A. Play tennis. B. Watch birds. C. Swim in the lake. 20. Which place is near the river? A. A cafe. B. A restaurant. C. A market. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。 A Some of the World Heritage Sites have been attracting tourists for hundreds of years and are as fascinating now as they were when they were first uncovered. Cappadocia, Turkey Designated a World Heritage Site in 1985, Cappadocia is a place of flowing rock formations and stone-capped chimneys (狭缝). Consider taking one of the many hiking trails to get up close. Nearby, in the village of Uchisar are the ancient cave homes built by the people of the Bronze Age. Borobudur, Indonesia Borobudur is one of Indonesia’s most famous landmarks, included in the list of World Heritage Sites in 1991. Located on the island of Java, this massive temple complex was constructed in the 700s, but two to three hundred years later, it was abandoned, possibly due to volcanic eruptions in the area, and went relatively undisturbed for centuries. The site was uncovered in the 1800s and later restored. Mesa Verde, U.S.A. Mesa Verde is home to some of the most well-preserved Indian ruins in North America. It has been on the list of World Heritage Sites since 1978. The most impressive sites are the cliff dwellings (住所), where the Ancestral Puebloans lived between the 12th century and the late 13th century. You can drive up to the top of the mesa to see pit houses and other ruins. Petra, Jordan Inscribed into the list of World Heritage Sites in 1985, this ancient capital city of the Nabataeans is a stone city with dwellings carved into sandstone walls. It has roots that trace back to as early as the 4th or 5th century B.C. Discovered in the early 1800s, it has been referred to as “the rose city” for the color of the rock. Situated in a mountainous area with limited access, it held a strategic position on the trade route in the region. Today, Petra is the most important tourist attraction in Jordan. 1. Which of the following appeared on the list of World Heritage Sites first? A. Cappadocia, Turkey. B. Borobudur, Indonesia. C. Mesa Verde, U.S.A. D. Petra, Jordan. 2. What can you enjoy in Cappadocia, Turkey? A. Cave homes. B. Temple complexes. C. Cliff dwellings. D. Rose-colored rocks. 3. What made Petra stand out in history? A. Its natural resources. B. Its critical location. C. Its dynamic tourism. D. Its unique scenery. 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个著名的世界遗产保护区。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Cappadocia, Turkey部分中“Designated a World Heritage Site in 1985, Cappadocia is a place of flowing rock formations and stone-capped chimneys (狭缝).(卡帕多西亚在1985年被指定为世界遗产，这里有流动的岩层和石头顶的烟囱)”；以及Borobudur, Indonesia部分中“Borobudur is one of Indonesia’s most famous landmarks, included in the list of World Heritage Sites in 1991.(婆罗浮屠是印度尼西亚最著名的地标之一，1991年被列入世界遗产名录)”；以及Mesa Verde, U.S.A.部分中“It has been on the list of World Heritage Sites since 1978.(自1978年以来，它一直被列入世界遗产名录)”以及Petra, Jordan中“Inscribed into the list of World Heritage Sites in 1985, this ancient capital city of the Nabataeans is a stone city with dwellings carved into sandstone walls. (这座纳巴泰人的古都于1985年被列入世界遗产名录，是一座石城，民居雕刻在砂岩墙上)”可知，MesaVerde在1978年被列入世界遗产名录，与其他三个文化遗址相比，它是最先被纳入世界遗产名录的遗址。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Cappadocia, Turkey部分最后一句“Nearby, in the village of Uchisar are the ancient cave homes built by the people of the Bronze Age.(附近的Uchisar村是青铜器时代的人们建造的古老洞穴房屋)”可知，在这里可以欣赏到青铜时代人类建造的古老洞穴住所。故选A。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据 Petra, Jordan部分倒数第二句“Situated in a mountainous area with limited access, it held a strategic position on the trade route in the region. Today, Petra is the most important tourist attraction in Jordan.(它位于山区，通道有限，在该地区的贸易路线上占有战略地位。今天，Petra是约旦最重要的旅游景点)”可知，由于位于山区通道受限的地方，Petra 在该地区的贸易路线上占据着战略位置，因此名垂千古。故选B。 B Chita Rivera was an American dancer, singer, and actress best known for her energetic performances in such Broadway musicals as West Side Story, Chicago, and Kiss of the Spider Woman. Rivera’s first performances were in shows her brother organized for production in the basement of their home. She took voice, piano, and ballet classes, and dance became her favourite activity. She won a scholarship to George Balanchine’s School of American Ballet in New York City and studied there for three years. In 1952 Rivera auditioned for (面试) the touring company of Call Me Madam, was hired, and spent 10 months on the road. Returning to New York, she replaced a principal dancer in Guys and Dolls on Broadway and then joined the chorus (歌舞队) of Can-Can. In 1954 Rivera left chorus work and performed Off-Broadway in Shoestring Revue. Roles in Seventh Heaven (1955) and Mr. Wonderful (1956) followed, and then Rivera landed the part of Anita in West Side Story, for which she received her first Tony Award nomination. Rivera finally won a Tony, for her performance as Anna in The Rink (1984). One critic said that she commanded the audience like “a lion tamer with a whip snap in her walk”. In 1985 she was back on Broadway in Jerry’s Girls. The following year Rivera suffered a broken leg in an automobile accident, and it was feared that she would never walk again. After many months of recovery, she eased her way back into show business by performing on cruise ships. In 1993 she returned to Broadway, portraying the film goddess Aurora in Kiss of the Spider Woman. Her energetic performance earned Rivera her second Tony Award. She received additional Tony nominations for a 2003 revival of Nine and for the autobiographical Chita Rivera: The Dancer’s Life (2005). In 2015 Rivera reprised her role as the vengeful Claire Zachanassianin The Visit on Broadway, earning another Tony nomination. Rivera’s numerous awards included a Kennedy Center Honor (2002) and the Presidential Medal of Freedom (2009). In 2018 she received a Tony Award for lifetime achievement. 4. What can we know about Rivera’s early experiences before 1954? A. Her performed with her brother in the basement. B. She took voice, piano, and various dance classes. C. She spent 10 months performing in different places. D. She fired a principal dancer in Guys and Dolls on Broadway. 5. How many times did Rivera win a Tony according to the passage? A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. D. Six. 6. Which words can best describe Rivera? A. Confident and elegant. B. Talented and easygoing. C. Strong-willed and famous. D. Strict and hardworking. 7. In which section is the passage most probably taken from? A. Entertainment. B. Award. C. Autobiography. D. Film. 【答案】4. C 5. A 6. C 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了美国著名舞蹈家、歌手和女演员Chita Rivera的生平事迹，特别是她在百老汇音乐剧中的杰出表现。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“In 1952 Rivera auditioned for (面试) the touring company of Call Me Madam, was hired, and spent 10 months on the road(1952年，Rivera为巡回演出公司《叫我贵妇人》试镜，被聘用，并在路上度过了10个月) ”可知，Rivera在1952年加入了一个巡回演出公司，在不同的地方表演了10个月。故选C项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Rivera finally won a Tony, for her performance as Anna in The Rink (1984)(Rivera最终因在1984年的《溜冰场》中饰演Anna而获得了托尼奖)”和第五段“Her energetic performance earned Rivera her second Tony Award(她充满活力的表演为Rivera赢得了第二个托尼奖)”以及最后一段“In 2018 she received a Tony Award for lifetime achievement.(2018年，她获得了终身成就的托尼奖)”可知，Rivera共获得了三次托尼奖。故选A项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“The following year Rivera suffered a broken leg in an automobile accident, and it was feared that she would never walk again. After many months of recovery, she eased her way back into show business by performing on cruise ships(次年，里维拉在一场车祸中腿部骨折，一度担心无法再次行走。经过数月的康复，她通过在游轮上表演逐渐回到了演艺圈)”可推知，Rivera意志力强；根据最后一段“Rivera’s numerous awards included a Kennedy Center Honor (2002) and the Presidential Medal of Freedom (2009). In 2018 she received a Tony Award for lifetime achievement(里维拉的众多奖项包括肯尼迪中心荣誉奖（2002年）和总统自由勋章（2009年）。2018年，她因终身成就获得了托尼奖)”可推知，她得了很多奖，所以也有名气，故选C项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Chita Rivera was an American dancer, singer, and actress best known for her energetic performances in such Broadway musicals as West Side Story, Chicago, and Kiss of the Spider Woman.(奇塔·里维拉是一位美国舞者、歌手和演员，以她在百老汇音乐剧《西区故事》、《芝加哥》和《蜘蛛女之吻》中充满活力的表演而闻名)”、第四段“Rivera finally won a Tony, for her performance as Anna in The Rink (1984)(Rivera最终因在1984年的《溜冰场》中饰演Anna而获得了托尼奖)”、第五段“Her energetic performance earned Rivera her second Tony Award(她充满活力的表演为Rivera赢得了第二个托尼奖)”以及最后一段“In 2018 she received a Tony Award for lifetime achievement.(2018年，她获得了终身成就的托尼奖)”可知，本文是介绍Rivera生前的事，而她是舞蹈家、歌手、演员。由此推知，本文最有可能出自娱乐栏目。故选A项。 C It is natural to compare ourselves to others and to get caught in a mental comparison loop, and yet this seldom is beneficial. You may have heard the expression “Comparison is the thief of joy.” To me, this is true as I have found it is quite difficult to compare myself to others and feel joy at the same time. Comparison not only robs us of joy, but it can also fuel self-criticism and a lack of self-acceptance. Typically, comparison leads to perceiving others as superior to you in some way and feeling inadequate or inferior. “I am not as successful, competent, attractive as they are.” Why don’t I have what they have? We use comparison as an avenue for self-criticism, “What’s wrong with me? I must be an inadequate loser.” This hinders self-acceptance. Comparison is deceptive (误导的). It tells us that if we meet the expectations, lose weight, get a promotion, or buy the house, we will feel better, calmer, more self-assured, and stop comparing ourselves. This may be temporarily true, yet, a comparison is an internal process that is ultimately based on our thoughts and sense of self, not external circumstances. We can always find something else to compare, another expectation we tell ourselves we are not meeting. To stop comparing ourselves to others, we have to recognize that the comparison game is unwinnable (and exhausting) and stop playing. To shift from being guided by comparison to being guided by your values. Values are antidotes to comparison. Reflecting upon and being aware of your values, and aligning (使一致) behaviors and decisions with your values, highlights and reinforces what is truly important to you and can solidify your sense of self-identity and self-acceptance. This does not mean we ignore things that we may want to change. It means these changes and goals are based on values not comparison to others, and not relevant to self-acceptance, we accept ourselves regardless. Behaviors and decisions are a matter of personal choice, not a means to measure up to others or a requirement for acceptance. Self-acceptance isn’t about fixing anything about yourself, it is about affirming who you are, today. 8. What is the negative effect of comparison? A. It results in criticism from other people. B. It harms our confidence and dignity. C. It makes us give up working hard. D. It hinders our roads to success. 9. Why is comparison misleading according to paragraph 3? A. Because it is an internal process depending on our expectations. B. Because there are so many things waiting for us to compare. C. Because we set high standard for ourselves all the time. D. Because we never stop comparing despite temporary satisfaction. 10. What does the underlined word in paragraph 4 most probably mean? A. Solutions. B. Necessities. C. Reasons. D. Suggestions. 11. What is the best title for the passage? A. Comparison reduce our values B. Accept your own behaviors and decisions C. Stop trying to measure up to others D. Why is it unnecessary to compare? 【答案】8. B 9. D 10. A 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章讲述了和他人做比较给自己带来的不利影响，阐述了为什么和他人做比较是误导人的，最后提出倡导:不要和别人做比较，要根据自己的价值观做出行为和决定。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Typically, comparison leads to perceiving others as superior to you in some way and feeling inadequate or inferior. (通常情况下，攀比会让你觉得别人在某些方面比你优越，并感到不足或自卑)”可知，比较会伤害自信和自尊。故选B。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Comparison is deceptive (误导的). It tells us that if we meet the expectations, lose weight, get a promotion, or buy the house, we will feel better, calmer, more self-assured, and stop comparing ourselves. This may be temporarily true, yet, a comparison is an internal process that is ultimately based on our thoughts and sense of self, not external circumstances. We can always find something else to compare, another expectation we tell ourselves we are not meeting.(比较是具有误导性的。它告诉我们，如果我们达到预期，减肥，升职，或者买房子，我们会感觉更好，更平静，更自信，不再比较自己。这可能暂时是正确的，然而，比较是一个内部过程，最终基于我们的思想和自我意识，而不是外部环境。我们总能找到其他的东西来比较，我们告诉自己我们没有达到的另一个期望)”可推知，“比较”具有误导性，因为我们永远不会停止攀比，尽管有暂时的满足。故选D。 【10题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词后面的内容“Reflecting upon and being aware of your values, and aligning (使一致) behaviors and decisions with your values, highlights and reinforces what is truly important to you and can solidify your sense of self-identity and self-acceptance.(反思并意识到你的价值观，将行为和决定与你的价值观相一致，突出并强化对你来说真正重要的东西，并能巩固你的自我认同感和自我接纳感)”可知，反思并且意识到你自己的价值观，让你的行为和决定与价值观一致，也就是说，行为和决定不再是通过与别人比较做出来的，而是基于自身价值观，所以，价值观是与他人做比较的解毒剂（解决方案）。由此可知，划线词与A选项“Solutions.(解决办法)”为同义词。故选A。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，文章鼓励人们停止与他人比较，因为这会剥夺我们的快乐，并导致自我批评和不接受自己，即全文都在阐述与别人做比较的不好之处，文中也给出了解决办法，落脚点就是让我们停止和别人做比较。由此可知，C选项“Stop trying to measure up to others.(不要试图达到别人的标准)”概括文章的主要内容，适合作本文标题。故选C。 D A person suffering from paralysis (瘫痪) was able to independently drink water by using his brain to control a special glove serving as his hand. It sounds like magic, doesn’t it? This was a recent breakthrough in brain-machine interface (BMI) technology by a team of Chinese scientists and doctors. BMI refers to creating a connection between the human brain and external devices, making direct communication between the brain and computers. For paralyzed people, it helps control the body through thoughts in the brain cortex (大脑皮层) and do simple things by themselves. On Oct 24, 2023, the team completed the first clinical trial on the patient, using wireless minimally invasive (微创的) BMI implantation (植入). Two coin-sized BMI processors were implanted into the patient’s skull (颅骨), successfully receiving neural signals (神经信号) from the brain. After three months of home rehabilitation (康复) training, the patient can now use his brain signals to control a special glove powered by air pressure. This helps him do things like drinking water independently. The significance of the project is that the patient’s neural tissue was not damaged during the process, whereas previous attempts may have such risks. It also uses a wireless power supply, meaning that the implanted device does not require a battery. BMI is now mainly applied in the medical field to help improve the quality of life for those who have trouble moving or speaking due to brain-related issues. Additionally, BMI has simple applications for healthy individuals, such as monitoring attention span, fatigue (疲劳), and sleep, as well as serving as a simple interactive gaming device. In China, BMI technology is still in the early stages of research and development, with no products available yet on the market. Some people are worried that psychologically experiments may affect the autonomy (自主性) and even personality of the patients. Meanwhile, ethical concerns (伦理问题) related to BMI users also need to be addressed. These include patient privacy and whether the patient has a clear understanding of what is involved when agreeing to take part in the experiment. 12. What is the main focus of BMI technology? A. Advancing human communication. B. Developing wireless neural signal reception. C. Enhancing the connection between the brain and devices. D. Improving interaction between paralyzed individuals. 13. What do we know about the BMI implantation trial mentioned in the article? A. The patient could control a special glove to move. B. The BMI processors used are too small to be seen by the naked eye. C. The patient’s neural tissues were damaged during the implantation. D. Signals from the whole body were received by the BMI processors. 14. What is an important feature of the implanted BMI device? A. Minimally invasive wired implantation. B. Integration of air pressure technology. C. Application in simple interactive gaming. D. Use of wireless power instead of battery power. 15. What are the concerns mentioned about BMI technology? A. Ethical issues related to patient privacy. B. Psychological effects on healthy individuals. C. Potential physical impacts for patients. D. The high price of BMI products on the market. 【答案】12. C 13. A 14. D 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了BMI技术应用于帮助瘫痪患者，文章也介绍了该技术的优势以及该技术仍在开发阶段。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“BMI refers to creating a connection between the human brain and external devices, making direct communication between the brain and computers.(脑机接口是指在人脑与外部设备之间建立连接，实现大脑与计算机之间的直接通信)”可知，BMI技术主要在人脑和外部设备之间建立联系，使大脑和计算机之间进行通信。故选C。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“After three months of home rehabilitation (康复) training, the patient can now use his brain signals to control a special glove powered by air pressure. This helps him do things like drinking water independently.(经过三个月的居家康复训练，这位患者现在能够使用他的大脑信号来控制一个由气压驱动的特殊手套。这帮助他能够独立地做一些事情，比如喝水)”可知， BMI技术可以帮助病人用他的大脑信号来控制一个由气压驱动的特殊手套。故选A。 14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The significance of the project is that the patient’s neural tissue was not damaged during the process, whereas previous attempts may have such risks. It also uses a wireless power supply, meaning that the implanted device does not require a battery.(该项目的意义在于，在整个过程中患者的神经组织没有受到损伤，而之前的尝试可能会存在这种风险。此外，它还使用了无线供电方式，这意味着植入的设备不需要电池)”可知，BMI设备使用的是无线供电。故选D。 【15题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Meanwhile, ethical concerns (伦理问题) related to BMI users also need to be addressed. These include patient privacy and whether the patient has a clear understanding of what is involved when agreeing to take part in the experiment.(同时，与BMI用户相关的伦理问题也需要被解决。这些问题包括病人隐私以及病人在同意参与实验时是否清楚了解所涉及的内容)”可知，关于BMI技术的担忧是与患者隐私相关的伦理问题。故选A。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Want to find out how you can learn a new language as fast as possible? If you commit to your new language, work hard, and have an open mind about making mistakes, you can go from basic conversational skills to fluency without the need for expensive classes and years of dedicated study. ____16____ Watch shows or movies. ____17____ Possibly the easiest thing you can do is watch television shows or movies in the language you are trying to learn. To make things easier, try to watch shows or movies whose plots you are already familiar with — like kids’ cartoons or dubbed versions of English movie. Knowing the plots will help you to identify the meanings of words and phrases. ____18____ Study smarter, not harder. Mastering everyday conversation will let you hit the ground running. It’s more important to master basic phrases you’ll use frequently than it is to start off by learning the alphabet or the perfect sentence structure. For example, you can learn phrases like: Hello, Goodbye, How are you?, I’m doing well, What is your name?, My name is…, and so on. Don’t worry about perfect grammar. ____19____ The reason why most people can’t remember most of the language they spent years learning in school is that school curricula tend to focus a huge amount of time on learning grammar and very little time on speech ____20____ The specifics of grammar will come later. A Learn how to greet. B. Learn basic phrases. C. We’ll let you in on the easiest language-learning secrets. D. Focus on conveying a message and being understandable. E. Language learners are afraid of being laughed at by listeners. F. If you want to learn a language quickly, you should learn how to talk first. G. Immersion can help you quickly improve your listening and speaking skills. 【答案】16. C 17. G 18. B 19. D 20. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如何快速学习一门新语言。关键在于投入时间和精力，保持开放的心态，不怕犯错误。 【16题详解】 根据前文“ If you commit to your new language, work hard, and have an open mind about making mistakes, you can go from basic conversational skills to fluency without the need for expensive classes and years of dedicated study. (如果你致力于你的新语言，努力学习，并对犯错误持开放的态度，你可以从基本的会话技能到流利，而不需要昂贵的课程和多年的专门学习)”可知，如果准备学门新的语言，努力学、不怕犯错误就会掌握基本技能，变得熟练，而且不用花钱上课。因此后文应该介绍具体学习语言的策略和方法。C选项“We’ll let you in on the easiest language-learning secrets.(我们将告诉你最简单的语言学习秘诀)”承上启下，引出下文学习语言的建议和秘诀。故选C。 【17题详解】 根据本段小标题“Watch shows or movies.(看节目或电影)”以及后文“Possibly the easiest thing you can do is watch television shows or movies in the language you are trying to learn. (也许你能做的最简单的事情就是看你正在学习的语言的电视节目或电影)”可知，此处强调通过看节目或者看电影的方式来学习语言。G选项“Immersion can help you quickly improve your listening and speaking skills.(沉浸式学习可以帮助你快速提高听说能力)”中的“沉浸式学习”方式与标题中的“看节目或者看电影”形成呼应即沉浸式学习指的事观看电视节目或者电影，这是最简单的学习语言的方式，该选项符合语境。故选G。 【18题详解】 该空为小标题即本段的段旨。根据后文“ It’s more important to master basic phrases you’ll use frequently than it is to start off by learning the alphabet or the perfect sentence structure. (掌握你经常使用的基本短语比从学习字母表或完美的句子结构开始更重要)”可知，本段强调的是学习语言过程中学习基本短语的重要性。B选项“Learn basic phrases.(学习基本短语)”概括本段段旨，符合语境。故选B。 【19题详解】 根据后文“The reason why most people can’t remember most of the language they spent years learning in school is that school curricula tend to focus a huge amount of time on learning grammar and very little time on speech. (大多数人之所以记不住在学校里花了几年时间学习的大部分语言，是因为学校课程往往把大量的时间放在学习语法上，而很少花时间在学习口语上)”可知，学校课程过多关注语法、不怎么关注说话表达，造成很多人记不起学过的语言。所以前文应该强调的是不要过多关注于大量的语法上，在语言学习过程中应该专注于传达让人理解的信息。D选项“Focus on conveying a message and being understandable.(专注于传达信息和让人理解)”与下文呼应，符合语境。故选D。 【20题详解】 根据后文“The specifics of grammar will come later.(语法的细节稍后再讲)”可知，此处强调要之后注意语法的细节。设空处应该指出在学习语言过程中，应该先注意什么。F选项“If you want to learn a language quickly, you should learn how to talk first.(如果你想快速学会一门语言，你应该先学会如何说话)”指出，应该先学会如何表达，如何说话，与下文形成对应，符合语境。故选F。 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Forty years ago, Mrs. Austen was my first-grade teacher, an old lady with salt-and-pepper hair, firm but kind, patient and ____21____. She let us bake gingerbread men in the school cafeteria — a delightful ____22____ that amazed me. And whenever we read the “Jack and Janet” books, she wouldn’t let the other kids ____23____ my classmate Jack or me. But I came to truly ____24____ Mrs. Austen when a dress-up day was ____25____. On that day, we were encouraged to wear clothes in the ____26____ of the mid-1800s. My mother, a superb tailor, made a pioneer-style dress for me. I was so proud ____27____ it as I walked to school that day. When I got there, however, I was the only one in my class who had dressed up, feeling kind of ____28____. Mrs. Austen oohed and aahed over my ____29____ and then went to her office. It didn’t take long before she _____30_____ in a frontier-style dress! She explained that she had asked her husband to bring the costume. We moved away two years later, and I still _____31_____ that I never told Mrs. Austen how _____32_____ I was to her, a teacher who went out of her way, and even _____33_____ her husband’s help, to keep a little girl from feeling _____34_____. I had many wonderful teachers throughout the years, but Mrs. Austen has always held a(n) _____35_____ place in my heart. 21. A. neighborly B. cowardly C. grandmotherly D. scholarly 22. A. treat B. view C. journey D. story 23. A. call on B. laugh at C. relate to D. engage with 24. A. remember B. approach C. believe D. appreciate 25. A. appointed B. scheduled C. established D. canceled 26. A. exhibition B. course C. style D. show 27. A. making B. wearing C. holding D. owning 28. A. contented B. frightened C. embarrassed D. disappointed 29. A. cookies B. present C. material D. costume 30. A. reappeared B. displayed C. announced D. modeled 31. A. pretend B. assume C. imagine D. regret 32. A. dedicated B. significant C. attached D. grateful 33. A. deserve B. sought C. offered D. declined 34. A. at ease B. in order C. out of place D. under control 35. A. special B. typical C. obvious D. ideal 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. A 31. D 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者对曾经老师的回忆，描述了和老师之间的一段温馨而深刻的师生关系。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：四十年前，Austen夫人是我的一年级老师，一位头发花白、坚定而和蔼、耐心又慈祥的老太太。A. neighborly友好的；B. cowardly懦弱的、胆小的；C. grandmotherly慈祥的；D. scholarly学术性的、学者派头的。根据空前的“kind, patient”以及下文内容可知，Austen夫人是一位慈祥的老师。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她让我们在学校的食堂烤姜饼人——这是一种令人愉快的款待，让我大吃一惊。A. treat款待；B. view观点；C. journey旅程；D. story故事。根据上文的“bake gingerbread men”可知，老师带学生在烤姜饼人，这是一种令人愉快的款待。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：每当我们读《杰克和珍妮特》的故事时，她不会让其他孩子嘲笑我的同学Jack或我。A. call on号召；B. laugh at嘲笑；C. relate to有关、涉及；D. engage with与……接洽、衔接。根据空前“whenever we read the “Jack and Janet” books”可推测，作者的名字应该是Janet，而根据常理可知，小孩可能会因为自己的同学和故事书中人物同名而嘲笑同学。根据上文可知，这位老师非常的有爱心，由此可知，她会阻止自己的学生这样做。故选B。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，当学校安排了一次装扮日时，我才真正感激Austen夫人。A. remember记得；B. approach接近；C. believe相信；D. appreciate欣赏、感激。根据下文内容以及“a teacher who went out of her way, and even ____13____ her husband’s help, to keep a little girl from feeling ____14____ .”可知，作者非常感激自己的老师曾经为她所做的一切，保护了一个女孩的自尊心。故选D。 25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，当学校安排了一次装扮日时，我真正感受到了Austen夫人的特别。A. appointed任命、委派；B. scheduled安排；C. established建立；D. canceled取消。根据下文“On that day, we were encouraged to wear clothes in the ____6___ of the mid-1800s.”可知，学校安排了一次装扮日。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那一天，我们被鼓励穿19世纪中期风格衣服。A. exhibition展览；B. course课程；C. style风格；D. show表演、展览。根据下文“My mother, a superb tailor, made a pioneer-style dress for me.”可知，学校鼓励学生在装扮日穿19世纪中期风格的衣服。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天我穿着它去上学，我感到很自豪。A. making制作；B. wearing穿戴；C. holding持有、保持；D. owning拥有。根据上文“My mother, a superb tailor, made a pioneer-style dress for me.”以及下文“I was the only one in my class who had dressed up”可知，作者是穿着妈妈所做的裙子去了学校。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我到达那里时，却发现我是班里唯一一个装扮过的学生，这让我感到有点尴尬。A. contented满意的；B. frightened害怕的；C. embarrassed尴尬的；D. disappointed失望的。根据空前“I was the only one in my class who had dressed up”可知，作者是班里唯一一个穿着19世纪中期风格裙子的人，根据常理可知，作者此时感到有点尴尬。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Austen夫人对我的服装啧啧称奇，然后去了她的办公室。A. cookies饼干；B. present礼物；C. material物质；D. costume服装。根据上文可知，作者穿着妈妈做的19世纪中期风格的裙子，由此可知，Austen是对作者的服装啧啧称奇。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：没过多久，她又出现了，穿着一件边疆风格的裙子！A. reappeared再出现；B. displayed显示、表现；C. announced通知；D. modeled模仿、做模型。根据上文“Mrs. Austen oohed and aahed over my ____9____ and then went to her office.”可知，Austen夫人去了办公室，由此可知，空处指的是她穿着一件边疆风格的裙子再次出现了。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：两年后我们搬走了，我至今仍感到遗憾，我从未对Austen夫人说过我是多么感激她，这位老师不仅费尽心思，甚至还请她丈夫帮忙，让一个小女孩不会感到格格不入。A. pretend假装；B. assume假定、设想；C. imagine想象；D. regret遗憾。根据空后“I never told Mrs. Austen how ____12____ I was to her”可知，作者并未向老师表达自己的感激，由此可知，作者感到很遗憾。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：两年后我们搬走了，我至今仍感到遗憾，我从未对Austen夫人说过我是多么感激她，这位老师不仅费尽心思，甚至还请她丈夫帮忙，让一个小女孩不会感到格格不入。A. dedicated专注的；B. significant重要的；C. attached附加的；D. grateful感激的。根据上文内容可知，Austen老师看到只有作者一人穿了19世纪风格的衣服，为了保护一个小女孩的自尊心，老师让丈夫为自己送来了那个时代的服装，并且穿上从而让作者不会感到尴尬。由此可推测，作者对老师充满了感激。故选D。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：两年后我们搬走了，我至今仍感到遗憾，我从未对Austen夫人说过我是多么感激她，这位老师不仅费尽心思，甚至还请她丈夫帮忙，让一个小女孩不会感到格格不入。A. deserved值得；B. sought寻找；C. offered提供；D. declined下降、拒绝。根据上文“She explained that she had asked her husband to bring the costume.”可知，Austen老师当时是向自己的丈夫寻求帮助。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：两年后我们搬走了，我至今仍感到遗憾，我从未对Austen夫人说过我是多么感激她，这位老师不仅费尽心思，甚至还请她丈夫帮忙，让一个小女孩不会感到格格不入。A. at ease轻松地；B. in order整齐、秩序井然；C. out of place格格不入、不相称的；D. under control在控制下。根据上文“When I got there, however, I was the only one in my class who had dressed up, feeling kind of ____8____ .”可知，当时只有作者一人穿着19世纪风格的衣服，由此可知，当时的作者感到自己与其他同学格格不入，而幸亏Austen老师，作者才没有这种感觉。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些年来，我遇到过许多优秀的老师，但Austen夫人在我心中一直占据着一个特殊的位置。A. special特殊的；B. typical典型的；C. obvious明显的；D. ideal理想的。根据全文内容可知，Austen老师给作者留下了深刻的印象，由此可知，Austen老师对作者而言有着特殊的意义。故选A。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Imagine a vehicle that can pick you up outside your home, drive to the nearest railway line, transform ____36____ (it) into a train and then switch back to drop you in the center of a nearby town. It may sound like a story from “Thomas the Tank Engine”, but that is exactly ____37____ Japan’s DMV Road-Rail buses have been doing since 2021. The buses, ____38____ (accommodate) around 20 passengers per trip, run a 30- mile route between the town of Kaiyo in Tokushima and the city of Muroto, Kochi Prefecture. Six miles of the route are along a rural railway line, with the rest in bus mode. With a capacity of 23, including passengers and crew, the DMV is a gas-. powered bus fitted with a set of retractable (可伸缩的) rail wheels which can be ____39____ (ready) unfolded in about 15 seconds. Lighter than a traditional train, the DMV also consumes less fuel and is cheaper ____40____ (maintain). ____41____ (recognize) as “the world’s first operational dual-mode vehicle”, it is actually the ____42____ (late) in a long series of similar experiments to improve rural rail services and reduce their costs. As far back as the 1930s, road buses were transformed into railcars in Ireland and similar vehicles to the DMV ____43____ (test) in England before that time. Tokushima government hopes the DMV buses will become ____44____ tourist draw one day. It also believes they could also be _____45_____ much use for reaching remote communities in the event of natural disasters such as earthquakes, which can leave sections of roads or railway lines unusable. 【答案】36. itself 37. what 38. accommodating 39. readily 40. to maintain 41. Recognized 42. latest 43. had been tested 44. a 45. of 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了日本车管所公路铁路巴士被宣传为“世界上第一辆可操作的双模式车辆”，实际上是一系列改善农村铁路服务的类似实验中最新的一个。早在20世纪30年代，类似的车辆就在英国和西德进行了测试。 【36题详解】 考查反身代词。句意：想象一下，一辆车可以在你家外面接你，开到最近的铁路线，自己变成一列火车，然后换回来把你放在附近城镇的中心。根据此处指一辆车可以把“它自己”转变为火车，应用反身代词itself。故填itself。 【37题详解】 考查表语从句。句意：这听起来像是《托马斯坦克引擎》里的故事，但这正是日本车管所自2021年以来一直在做的事情。表语从句中缺少宾语，应使用what引导表语从句，故填what。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这些巴士每趟可容纳约20名乘客，在德岛的海洋镇和高知县的室户市之间行驶30英里。此处accommodate与buses为主动关系，为现在分词作状语，故填accommodating。 【39题详解】 考查副词。句意：车管所可容纳23人，包括乘客和机组人员，是一辆燃气车。动力巴士装有一组可伸缩的轨道轮，可以在大约15秒内轻松展开。修饰动词unfolded应用副词readily，故填readily。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：DMV比传统的火车更轻，消耗的燃料更少，维护成本也更低。此处为be adj. to do sth.，应填不定式，故填to maintain。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：它被公认为“世界上第一辆可运行的双模式车辆”，实际上是一系列类似试验中最新的一次，这些试验旨在改善农村铁路服务并降低成本。此处recognize与it为被动关系，故用过去分词作状语，首字母大写。故填Recognized。 【42题详解】 考查形容词最高级。句意：它被公认为“世界上第一辆可运行的双模式车辆”，实际上是一系列类似试验中最新的一次，这些试验旨在改善农村铁路服务并降低成本。根据上文定冠词以及句意可知应用最高级。故填latest。 【43题详解】 考查时态。句意：早在20世纪30年代，爱尔兰的公共汽车就被改造成有轨电车，而在此之前，英国也曾对类似的车辆进行过测试。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据时间状语“before that time”，且that time指的是前文的1930s，应使用过去完成时的被动语态，故填had been tested。 【44题详解】 考查冠词。句意：德岛政府希望车管所巴士有一天能吸引游客。该空后面的draw活用为动词，“a tourist draw”译为“吸引游客的地方”，故填a。 【45题详解】 考查介词。句意：它还认为，在发生地震等自然灾害时，它们在到达偏远社区方面也有很大用处，这些自然灾害可能会使部分公路或铁路线无法使用。短语“be of much use”译为“非常有用”。故填of。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是高一学生李华，你的美国笔友Peter对你的高中生活很感兴趣，想知道你进入高中后这一学年的情况和暑假的打算。请你给他写一封回信，要点如下： 1. 介绍高一生活； 2. 暑假的打算； 3. 感谢关心，表达祝愿。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Peter, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Peter, It’s great to hear that you are interested in my high school life. Now, let me share with you how my first semester of high school went. High school has been quite challenging but also exciting. I’ve made new friends and we often study together, which helps us overcome difficulties. As for my plans for the winter vacation, I am looking forward to a relaxing break. I plan to spend quality time with my family, catch up on some reading, and improve my English skills by watching movies and reading English books. Thank you so much for your care and concern. I really appreciate it. I hope everything is going well for you too. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给美国笔友Peter写一封回信，介绍自己进入高中后这一学年的情况和暑假的打算。 【详解】1.词汇积累 对……感兴趣：be interested in→show an interest in 帮助：help→assist 克服：overcome→get over 期待：look forward to→expect 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：As for my plans for the winter vacation, I am looking forward to a relaxing break. 拓展句：My plans for the winter vacation are that I am looking forward to a relaxing break. 【点睛】【高分句型1】It’s great to hear that you are interested in my high school life.（运用了that引导宾语从句） 【高分句型2】I’ve made new friends and we often study together, which helps us overcome difficulties.（运用了which引导非限制性定语从句） 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Alisa who had stayed at home all her life to look after her three children lost her husband in a car accident, so she had to step out and earn money to make ends meet. With zero work experience and no professional degree, her chances of getting hired for a well-paid job were next to zero. One day, after dropping her children at school, Alisa spotted a construction site. “I think I can work here,” she thought and approached the manager. “Hi, are you hiring?” she asked. “Yes, we are,” the manager looked at Alisa from head to toe. “Are you sure you can work here? This job requires a lot of hard work.” “I’m ready for it,” she told the manager and signed a contract to work a 12-hour shift. However, Alisa kept her new job a secret from her children. She thought they would feel embarrassed after learning their mother worked at a construction site. Every morning, after dropping her children to school, she would go to the construction site and work until her shift ended. She would pick up heavy bricks on her shoulder to transport them from one part of the site to the other. One evening, Alisa’s son, David, told her about an upcoming contest in school that required mothers to participate. In the competition, students will wear blindfolds and have to recognize their mothers without looking at them. “That sounds like such a cool event, David!” Alisa said excitedly, “I can’t wait for it!” “I won’t go there with you, mom,” David replied. “But why?” What her son said next was something Alisa wasn’t prepared to hear. “Mom, I would have to touch your hands to recognize you, and everyone would look at them,” David explained. “Your hands are so ugly. They’re so hard and rough,” he added. “I will feel so embarrassed when my classmates look at your hands,” the boy said. “I won’t attend the event.” Alisa felt terrible but couldn’t say anything in her defense. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 A few weeks later, David was walking home when something unexpected caught his attention. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ On his way back home, he kept thinking about how he would apologize to his mother. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文 Para.1 A few weeks later, David was walking home when something unexpected caught his attention. His gaze was fixed on a familiar figure laboring in the distance. It was his mother, Alisa, working at the construction site he had never known about. (解释什么吸引了他的注意力) She was lifting heavy bricks onto her shoulder, with her hands hard and rough from the constant labor. (引用阅读文本中描述妈妈工地搬砖的动作，形成照应。手的描述与阅读文本信息也形成照应) David stood there, shocked. (神态描写) He had never imagined his mother working in such conditions. The sight of her hardworking figure made him feel a mix of shame, regret, and even admiration. (心理描写) He realized how foolish he had been, thinking only of his own embarrassment. (反思，即成长。为下文首句做铺垫) Para.2 On his way back home, he kept thinking about how he would apologize to his mother. He understood that his mother’s hands, though hard and rough, were an evidence to her sacrifice and love. (反思，理解妈妈) When his mother reaching home, he walked straight to Alisa and hugged her tightly. (构建动作链) “Tears in his eyes,” he said, “I was wrong to be ashamed of you. You’re the bravest and strongest person I know.” (道歉 神态+语言) Alisa, surprised at first, smiled warmly and hugged him back. “It’s okay, David,” she said. “I’m proud of you for understanding.” (使用动作链描写妈妈听到道歉后的反应，动作+神态+语言) That evening, David shared his mother’s story with his siblings, and they decided to support Alisa in whatever she did, for she was their hero and their pride. (从情感升华，David 的成长和成熟) 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Alisa，一位一直在家照顾三个孩子的母亲，因丈夫车祸去世而不得不外出工作。她无经验也无专业学历，找工作困难。某日，她在一建筑工地找到工作，但怕孩子们知道后尴尬而保密。后来，儿子告诉她学校有需母亲参与的活动，却因她的双手粗糙而拒绝与她一同参加，这让Alisa倍感难过。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“几个星期后，大卫走在回家的路上，一件意想不到的事情引起了他的注意。”可知，第一段可描写大卫发现妈妈的秘密。看到妈妈辛勤工作的身影，大卫感到羞愧和懊悔，也感到钦佩。 ②由第二段首句内容“在回家的路上，他一直在想该如何向母亲道歉。”可知，第二段可描写大卫理解了妈妈的牺牲和爱，主动给妈妈道歉，并勇敢和兄弟姐妹们分享了妈妈的故事。 2.续写线索：知道了妈妈双手粗糙的原因——感到羞愧和懊悔——理解了妈妈的牺牲和爱——主动给妈妈道歉——勇敢分享妈妈的故事 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①引起他的注意：catch his attention/draw his attention ②拥抱：hug/embrace ③决定：decide/make up one’s mind 情绪类 ①震惊的：shocked/startled ②懊悔：regret/remorse 【点睛】[高分句型1] It was his mother, Alisa, working at the construction site he had never known about.(运用了省略关系代词that的限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] He understood that his mother’s hands, though hard and rough, were an evidence to her sacrifice and love.(运用了连词that引导宾语从句) [高分句型3] You’re the bravest and strongest person I know.(运用了省略关系代词的限制性定语从句) 听力1-20 CBBAC ACCAC BACAB BACBA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$