精品解析：湖南省衡阳市衡阳县2023-2024学年高二下学期7月期末英语试题

2024年上学期高二创新实验班期末质量检测试题卷 英语 考生注意： 1.本试卷分为听力、阅读、语言运用和写作四个部分，满分150分，考试时量120分钟。 2.试卷分为试题卷和答题卡两个部分，答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号、学校填在试题卷答题卡上。 3.选择题部分用2B铅笔填涂在答题卡上，回答非选择题部分时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在试题卷上无效。 4.考试结束后请将答题卡上交。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What is the man doing? A. Reading. B. Shouting. C. Whispering. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】W: Could you speak up, please? I can’t hear you. M: I have to speak very quietly because we are in a library. W: Just be slightly clearer. After all, we don’t have to shout to be heard. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Where are the speakers now? A. In a school. B. At home. C. On a bus. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】M: Bye, Mom — I’m off to school! I wonder how many people will be there. Everyone keeps getting ill! W: It’s the time of year that viruses seem to like. Keep washing your hands and remember to wear your mask on the bus! Bye! 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the man think of the test tomorrow? A. It is important. B. It is easy. C. It is unnecessary. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】M: I’m starting to panic! Tomorrow’s test will decide which group I’ll be in next year. It’s vital that I revise all my chemistry work tonight. W: Take it easy. I know it means a lot to you, but all this nervous energy is unnecessary. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Which party will the man vote for? A. The green party. B. The blue party. C. The red party. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】M: I’m not sure who to vote for. The green party aims to help the environment, but the blue party puts the economy first. W: How about the red party? Their focus is on social improvement. M: The planet’s wildlife is important to me... So, I’ve got the answer. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the woman suggest the man do? A. Surprise his grandfather. B. Find out his grandfather’s wisdom. C. Help his grandfather to find his keys. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】M: My grandfather says the older you get, the wiser you get. But he’s always forgetting things, like where he put his keys. W: Being forgetful doesn’t mean he’s not wise. Talk with him and listen to what he has learned in life. It may surprise you. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Mother and son. B. Fellow engineers. C. Teacher and student. 7. What happened when the man used the machine? A. It spread butter on toast. B. It mixed butter with jam. C. It dropped butter onto the floor. 【答案】6. A 7. C 【解析】 【原文】M: I’ve always wanted to help you with the housework. W: Oh, you’re so sweet, dear. M: So I’ve invented a machine that will help you make breakfast. W: What is it? M: It’s called the “Butter Spreader”. I designed it in the engineering class. It’s a knife attached to a motor. It can spread butter on toast. Of course, it can spread jam too — or butter and jam. My teacher said it was very unique. W: Sounds interesting! M: Here it is. Watch how it is used. W: Oh dear, is the butter supposed to be thrown onto the floor like that? M: No. Perhaps I need to make some changes… 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. How long has the woman been waiting here? A. 15 minutes. B. 20 minutes. C. 25 minutes. 9. Why is the woman going to town? A. To get to work. B. To go shopping. C. To buy computer parts. 10. What will the man do later today? A. Have his computer repaired. B. Go to the medical center. C. Work on a report. 【答案】8. A 9. B 10. C 【解析】 【原文】W: This bus is not very reliable. I’ve been here since 11: 10 a.m. and it still hasn’t shown up. M: What time is it supposed to be here? W: Twenty past eleven, and now it’s twenty-five past eleven! It’s really annoying because my car broke down on the way home from work yesterday, so the bus is my only way into town to do my weekly grocery shopping. M: I need to get to town to get a keyboard and a mouse for my computer. I usually buy things online with my smartphone. But I have to finish an urgent report today and I need to get back in time for that. So this bus had better hurry up. W: Hang on, is that it coming now just past the medical center? M: Yes! Thank goodness for that! 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 11. Why did the man travel to England? A. For an exchange program. B. For a sports competition. C. For a family reunion. 12. What sport will the man take Josh to see? A. Football. B. Basketball. C. Table tennis. 13. How did the man mainly feel during his trip? A. Tired. B. Excited. C. Scared. 【答案】11. A 12. C 13. B 【解析】 【原文】M: I traveled to England over the summer and had a great time. I picked up so much of the language. W: I bet it was tiring. Was it scary staying with someone you didn’t know? M: Not at all! It was Josh and his family. I was paired with Josh on the student exchange project. He is such a great guy. His likes and interests are similar to mine, so we soon became good friends. W: What sorts of interests? M: We’re both into sports, particularly football and basketball. Plus, his dad took us to a Premier League match in London, which was incredible. It was Arsenal against Manchester United! It ended 3-1 to Arsenal, so Josh was really happy as that’s his team. W: Oh, wow! M: He said if I come again, we’ll watch a Liverpool game as they’re my team. But he’s coming to China first! We’re planning to watch a Table Tennis Club Super League match together! W: Sounds like you’ve made a friend for life! 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 14. Who is the woman? A. A writer. B. A publisher. C. A radio hostess. 15. What style of comic does Jin Oka write? A. Japanese. B. American. C. Chinese. 16. Which character does Jin Oka like best? A. Spider-Man. B. Iron Man. C. Batman. 17. What will the speakers do first? A. Read a comic book. B. Rest for a while. C. Watch a video. 【答案】14. C 15. B 16. C 17. B 【解析】 【原文】W: Hello, and welcome to “Ask the Writer”, the show that puts your questions to members of the writing world. Today’s guest is Jin Oka, who has been writing comics for more than twenty years. It’s good to have you on the show, Jin. M: It’s good to be here. W: Jin, you were originally from Japan and moved to America when you were ten years old. You began selling your story ideas to Marvel when you were just thirteen, so you weren’t in America that long before making an impression. M: Yes, that’s right. I had grown up reading Japanese comics but soon turned to Marvel, which is an American comic publisher. When my dad got a job in New York, I was so excited and got into writing immediately. W: Great stuff. Okay, let’s go to our listeners’ questions. The first one is from Chen who lives in Wuhan, China. She asks, “Who is your favorite superhero?” M: Ooh, great question! I fell in love with characters like Spider-Man, Superman, and the Hulk from an early age, but the coolest superhero is Batman. W: He’s great, though Iron Man is my particular favorite! Keep listening, because after the break we’ll ask Jin about his new YouTube channel for comic lovers. Don’t go away! 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 18. What is the talk mainly about? A. An inspiring story. B. A world record. C. A family reunion. 19. Why did Jonny nearly fall over? A. He got tired and weak. B. He was pushed by another athlete. C. He was overexcited at nearing the finish line. 20. What place did Jonny get in the race? A. First. B. Second. C. Third. 【答案】18. A 19. A 20. B 【解析】 【原文】M: Before you run this marathon today, let me share something with you. In September 2016, a running event that would go down in sporting history took place. It was the World Triathlon Series in Mexico and the Brownlee brothers were both competing in the final race. With about 700 meters left, Jonny, the younger of the two brothers, was leading by some distance. But as he neared the finish line, it was obvious something was wrong. He was moving from side to side and was about to fall over. Weakened from the hot weather, his body could not go on. The runner behind him went past him. And then, just when all hope was lost and he was falling to the ground, he was caught by the third-placed runner. When Jonny looked up, he could see that the runner was his older brother Alistair, who had stopped to help. Together, the brothers ran the rest of the race arm in arm. The brothers crossed the line to the cheers of everyone in the crowd. Alistair pushed Jonny ahead so that his brother could take second place. It was one of the most remarkable and moving moments in the history of world sports. Now go out there and do your best! 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Skywalk at the Grand Canyon West Rim Head to the breathtaking Skywalk at the Grand Canyon West Rim for an unforgettable view 4,000 feet above the Canyon floor. With trust in our world-famous Gray Line blue diamond, you can be confident of knowing that this will be a truly memorable day! Please Note If a motor coach with a lift is required, we must have a 72-hour prior notification to the date of travel. Service dogs are allowed to travel with the correct and current paperwork. All reservations must be confirmed 24 hours prior to the travel date. Cameras are not allowed on the Skywalk. Tour Overview Pass by Diamond Bar Ranch located between the grand Canyon and Joshua Tree Forest in the state. This historic ranch covers an area of around 106,000 acres. At the Grand Canyon West Rim, visit the Hualapai Indian Country and take advantage of the many photo opportunities with your hosts, The Hualapai Indians. Meet the Hualapai Indians in full tribal (BB) dr ess and form the traditional dance. Visit guano point. There are relics of a historic tram that stretched 8, 800 feet across the grand Canyon to a guano mine. Visit Eagle Point. Besides experiencing the latest attraction — the Grand Canyon Skywalk, you can also dine at the newly opened Skywalk Cafe overlooking the grand Canyon for a truly unique lunch experience After approximately 4 hours at the West Rim, we'll return to the Las Vegas hotel—there's no better way to spend your day! 21. What if a blind man with a guide dog intends to take the tour? A. He should inform the company ahead B. He should pay extra money for the dog C. He should confirm his reservation in advance D. He should provide related documents about the dog 22. What can tourists do in the Hualapai Indian Country? A. Taste unique local cuisine. B. Take pictures with the locals C. Dance with the Hualapai Indians D. Try on the traditional tribal dress 23. Where can visitors have a wonderful view over the grand Canyon? A. Eagle Point B. Guano point C. Joshua Tree Forest D. Diamond Bar ranch 【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 【解析】 【分析】本文是应用文。文章介绍了大峡谷空中步道旅游信息和注意事项。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据Please Note部分“Service dogs are allowed to travel with the correct and current paperwork.(携带当前有效证件的服务犬可以进入景区旅行)”可知，携带服务犬的游客需要提供服务犬的相关文件。故选D项。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据Tour Overview部分“At the Grand Canyon West Rim, visit the Hualapai Indian Country and take advantage of the many photo opportunities with your hosts, The Hualapai Indians.(在大峡谷西缘，参观瓦拉派印第安人部落，抓住机会与您的东道主瓦拉派印第安人拍照) ”可知，在Hualapai Indian Country，游客可以与当地印第安人合影。故选B项。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据Tour Overview部分“Visit Eagle Point. Besides experiencing the latest attraction — the Grand Canyon Skywalk, you can also dine at the newly opened Skywalk Cafe overlooking the grand Canyon for a truly unique lunch experience(老鹰崖。除了体验最新的景点——大峡谷空中步道，您还可以在新开的Skywalk咖啡厅用餐，俯瞰大峡谷，享受真正独特的午餐体验)”可知，在Eagle Point，游客可以在Skywalk咖啡厅俯瞰大峡谷。故选A项。 B Ask bacteria where they’d like to live, and they’ll answer: a kitchen sponge (海绵), please. Sponges are the best place for bacteria, capable of housing 54 billion bacteria per cubic centimeter. In addition to being damp, airy and loaded with food remains, sponges provide a perfect physical environment for bacteria. Just like humans, bacteria prefer different levels of interactions with their peers. Some bacteria are more social, while others prefer staying alone. Researchers found that middling levels of separation—similar to that found in a sponge—maximize the diversity of the community. Scientists separated different bacterial strains(菌株), which had been engineered to give light, into compartments(隔间). The work showed that an environment with a middling number of compartments promotes the most diversity. Kitchen sponge, with all kinds of large and small holes, not only offer an ideal number of compartments for bacteria, but also provide a range of varying-sized parties that can suit more of the bacteria’s needs. In experiments with a kitchen sponge, the researchers found that the resulting bacterial community was more diverse than those produced in liquid cultures, a common method of growing bacteria in a laboratory. Fortunately, the bacteria partying in your sponge are mostly nonpathogenic. But if dangerous bacteria do show up, the sponge’s special structure will probably help them thrive. “Sponges are not really well-suited for kitchen,” says Markus Egert, a microbiologist, who did not take part in the study.“There is hardly any surface without bacteria at home, but the kitchen sponge is probably the most populated item at home.” The good news is that it’s easy to solve the problem. Brushes are a much safer alternative. And if you love your sponge, don’t use it for meat juices. No need to invite bad bacteria to the party. 24. What is the function of the first paragraph? A. Introducing the topic of the text. B. Drawing a scientific conclusion. C. Comparing bacteria with human beings. D. Providing a better environment for bacteria. 25. What can be inferred from the experiment? A. Bacteria can be removed from home. B. Bacteria prefer to reproduce in large spaces. C. Kitchen sponges will soon be replaced by brushes. D. Kitchen sponges are ideal items to produce bacteria. 26. What does the underlined word “nonpathogenic” mean in Paragraph 6? A. Different B. Safe C. Healthy D. Destructive 27. Where is the passage most likely taken from? A. A cookbook B. A magazine C. A textbook D. An advertisement 【答案】24. A 25. D 26. B 27. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。从科学角度介绍了厨房的海绵是产生细菌的理想物。 【24题详解】 推理判断题。根据首段“Ask bacteria where they’d like to live, and they’ll answer: a kitchen sponge (海绵), please. (如果你问细菌它们想生活在哪里，它们会回答：请给我一块厨房海绵。)”以及第二段首句“Sponges are the best place for bacteria, capable of housing 54 billion bacteria per cubic centimeter. (海绵是细菌的最佳栖息地，每立方厘米能容纳540亿个细菌。)”可知，厨房的海绵是细菌的最佳栖息地。且纵观全文，都是在介绍这一话题，由此可推知，第一段的作用是引起文章主题。故选A。 【25题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段末句“The work showed that an environment with a middling number of compartments promotes the most diversity. (研究表明，具有中等数量隔间的环境促进了最大的多样性。)”以及第五段首句“Kitchen sponge, with all kinds of large and small holes, not only offer an ideal number of compartments for bacteria, but also provide a range of varying-sized parties that can suit more of the bacteria’s needs. (厨房海绵，有各种大小的孔，不仅为细菌提供了理想数量的隔间，而且还提供了一系列不同大小的聚会，可以满足更多细菌的需求。)”可知，厨房海绵是产生细菌的理想物品。故选D。 【26题详解】 词义猜测题。根据倒数第三段“Fortunately, the bacteria partying in your sponge are mostly nonpathogenic. But if dangerous bacteria do show up, the sponge’s special structure will probably help them thrive. (幸运的是，在海绵里聚会的细菌大多是 。但如果危险的细菌真的出现了，海绵的特殊结构可能会帮助它们茁壮成长。)”可知，“But”前后为对照关系，其后为“dangerous”，故划线词应为反义词，故为“安全的”。故选B。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据首段“Ask bacteria where they’d like to live, and they’ll answer: a kitchen sponge (海绵), please. (如果你问细菌它们想生活在哪里，它们会回答：请给我一块厨房海绵。)”以及纵观全文可知，全篇介绍厨房海绵是细菌的最佳栖息地。此话题最有可能出现在杂志上。故选B。 C Eugene Newman Parker, a leading figure in heliospheric(日球层的) physics for the past half century, passed away peacefully at his home in Chicago on Mar. 15. He was 94. Hailed(誉为) as a visionary in the field of heliophysics, Parker revolutionized our understanding of the sun and its effects on Earth and other bodies within the solar system. NASA even stated that “the field of heliophysics exists in large part because of Dr. Eugene Parker. In 2018, Parker became the first living scientist to witness the launch of a spacecraft that was named in his honor. Parker is best known for his groundbreaking theory on the existence of a phenomenon called “solar wind”, a continuous stream of charged particles that flow off the sun. It can become violent, causing space weather that impacts the Earth. When Parker’s research was published in 1958, his theory was initially met with skepticism(怀疑) and ridicule by the scientific community. The general view at the time was that the space between planets was an absolute vacuum(真空), and was thus completely empty of any matter. But, there were no errors in his study or his calculations, and the theory was later proven to be correct in 1962, when a NASA spacecraft mission to Venus revealed the constant presence of a supersonic wind—exactly as Parker had predicted. That experience likely led to the advice Parker often gave young researchers: “If you do something new or innovative, expect trouble. But think critically about it because if you’re wrong, you want to be the first one to know that.” Parker never co-authored a paper with his students, thus urging them to be independent. Parker was humble, straightforward, and wise. His son Eric said, “My sister Joyce and I didn’t get a real feel for what a ‘big dog’ our dad was in the field.” They got an even better sense when a month after Parker’s death, they traveled to Lund, Sweden, to accept on his behalf the Crafoord Prize in Astronomy. 28. What can we learn from the second paragraph? A. A spacecraft was named in memory of Parker. B. The sun has less effects on Earth than expected. C. Parker deserved credit for his great contributions. D. NASA provided new insights into the lunar effect. 29. Why did people view Parker’s theory of “solar wind” skeptically at first? A. It went against the popular opinion at that time. B. Some mistakes were found in his calculations. C. The presence of a supersonic wind was proven by NASA. D. Matter was believed to exist in the space between planets. 30. What did Parker suggest young researchers do? A. seek close cooperation B. avoid high expectations C. learn by trial and error D. compete against others 31. What words can be used to describe Parker according to the passage? A. straightforward and generous B. responsible and accessible C. intelligent yet conservative D. distinguished yet modest 【答案】28. C 29. A 30. C 31. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了日球物理学的领军人物，尤金·纽曼·帕克的贡献以及他对年轻人的影响。 【28题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Parker revolutionized our understanding of the sun and its effects on Earth and other bodies within the solar system. (帕克彻底改变了我们对太阳及其对地球和太阳系内其他天体的影响的认识。)”以及“NASA even stated that “the field of heliophysics exists in large part because of Dr. Eugene Parker. (美国宇航局甚至表示，“太阳物理学领域的存在在很大程度上要归功于尤金·帕克博士。”)”可知，帕克对整个日球物理学领域做出了极大的贡献，他是值得赞扬的。故选C。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“ When Parker’s research was published in 1958, his theory was initially met with skepticism(怀疑) and ridicule by the scientific community.(当帕克的研究成果于1958年发表时，他的理论最初遭到了科学界的质疑和嘲笑。)”以及“The general view at the time was that the space between planets was an absolute vacuum(真空), and was thus completely empty of any matter. (当时的普遍观点是，行星之间的空间是绝对真空的，因此完全没有任何物质。)”可知，人们起初对帕克的“太阳风”理论持怀疑态度，因为它违背了当时的流行观点。故选A。 【30题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“That experience likely led to the advice Parker often gave young researchers: “If you do something new or innovative, expect trouble. But think critically about it because if you’re wrong, you want to be the first one to know that.” (这段经历可能导致了帕克经常给年轻研究人员的建议：“如果你做了一些新的或创新的事情，预计会有麻烦。但要批判性地思考，因为如果你错了，你想成为第一个知道这一点的人。”)”可知，帕克给年轻人的建议是从错误和尝试中学习。故选C。 【31题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Hailed(誉为) as a visionary in the field of heliophysics, Parker revolutionized our understanding of the sun and its effects on Earth and other bodies within the solar system. (被誉为作为太阳物理学领域的梦想家，帕克彻底改变了我们对太阳及其对地球和太阳系内其他天体影响的理解。)”以及根据最后一段中“Parker was humble, straightforward, and wise.( 帕克谦逊、直率、睿智。)”可知，帕克是杰出但谦逊的。故选D。 D Zoologists studied the nervous systems of insects to investigate principles of biological brain computation and possible effects on machine learning and artificial intelligence. Specifically, they analysed how insects learn to associate sensory information in their environment with a food reward, and how they can recall this information later in order to solve complex tasks such as the search for food. Living organisms show remarkable abilities in coping with problems posed by complex and dynamic environments. They are able to generalize their experiences in order to rapidly adapt their behaviour when the environment changes. The zoologists investigated how the nervous system of the fruit fly controls its behaviour when searching for food. Using a computer model they simulated(模拟) and analysed the computations in the fruit fly’s nervous system in response to scents coming from the food source. They initially trained their model of the fly brain in exactly the same way as insects are trained in experiments. They presented a specific scent in the simulation together with a reward and a second scent without a reward. “The model rapidly learns a strong representation of the rewarded scent after just a few scent presentations and is then able to find the source of this scent in a complex environment,” said computer scientist Dr Hannes Rapp, who created the model. The model created is thus capable of generalizing from its memory and to apply what it has learned previously in a completely new and complex environment, while learning required only a very small database of training samples. The results suggest that the transformation of sensory information into memories in the brain can inspire future machine learning and artificial intelligence applications to solving complex tasks. 32. What is the aim of the research? A. To analyse the application of biological brain computation principles. B. To seek promotion of machine learning and artificial intelligence. C. To shed light on how the nervous systems of insects work. D. To uncover how insects apply sensory information in search of food. 33. Which statement about the research method is NOT TRUE? A. The researchers collected the data by using a computer model. B. The researchers focused on how the fruit fly’s nervous system reacts to scents. C. The researchers trained the model in the same way as training fruit flies. D. The researchers presented two different scents to carry out a control experiment. 34. What do the results of the research imply? A. Insects’ nervous systems are more sensitive to particular scents. B. Artificial intelligence is significant to biological brain research. C. Sensory information is widely applied in machine learning. D. Research on insect brain can contribute to AI development. 35. What is the main purpose of the text? A. To present predictions about the future of machine learning. B To illustrate the method and findings of a scientific study. C. To call on more research on insect brain and behavior. D. To introduce a practical method of insect research. 【答案】32. B 33. D 34. D 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。昆虫的神经系统能获取并将感官性信息转换为记忆，控制其行为来完成如觅食这样的复杂任务，动物学家通过研究这一过程，寻求其对未来机器学习和人工智能的启发。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。文章第一段讲到“Zoologists studied the nervous systems of insects to investigate principles of biological brain computation and possible effects on machine learning and artificial intelligence (动物学家研究了昆虫的神经系统，以研究生物大脑计算的原理以及对机器学习和人工智能的可能影响)”最后一段“The results suggest that the transformation of sensory information into memories in the brain can inspire future machine learning and artificial intelligence applications to solving complex tasks. (研究结果表明，将感觉信息转化为大脑中的记忆可以激励未来的机器学习和人工智能应用于解决复杂任务。)可知，动物学家研究昆虫神经系统的目的是研究生物大脑计算的原理和对机器学习及人工智能的可能影响。故选B。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。文章第三段讲到“They presented a specific scent in the simulation together with a reward and a second scent without a reward. (他们在模拟中呈现了一种特定的气味以及奖励，而第二种气味则没有奖励。)”可知，研究过程中确实使用了两种气味，但研究方法并非对照实验，而只是测试该模型对于有奖励的气味的反应。因此，关于研究方法的说法是不正确的是D项“研究人员提出了两种不同的气味来进行对照实验”。故选D。 【34题详解】 推理判断题。文章最后一段讲到“The results suggest that the transformation of sensory information into memories in the brain can inspire future machine learning and artificial intelligence applications to solving complex tasks. (研究结果表明，将感觉信息转化为大脑中的记忆可以激励未来的机器学习和人工智能应用于解决复杂任务。)”可知，研究的结果表明，大脑中感官性信息转换为记忆能够启示未来机器学习和人工智能在解决复杂任务中的运用，因此，对昆虫大脑的研究能促进人工智能的发展，故选D。 【35题详解】 推理判断题。本文全文皆在介绍一项研究，从研究目的到研究方法，再到研究结果，文章第三段讲到“Using a computer model, they simulated(模拟) and analysed the computations in the fruit fly’s nervous system in response to scents coming from the food source. (他们使用计算机模型模拟和分析了果蝇神经系统对食物来源气味的反应。)”以及最后一段“The results suggest that the transformation of sensory information into memories in the brain can inspire future machine learning and artificial intelligence applications to solving complex tasks. (研究结果表明，将感觉信息转化为大脑中的记忆可以激励未来的机器学习和人工智能应用于解决复杂任务。)”可知，这篇文章的主要目的是说明科学研究的方法和发现。故选B。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The information age has reached a critical point, with AI’s superior computation ability surpassing that of humans. A report released by Goldman Sachs in March 2023 estimated that AI is capable of doing a quarter of all the work currently done by humans. ___36___ It would not just happen to individuals, but it could be pretty systematic. Across the European Union and US, the report further notes, 300 million jobs are expected to be lost to automation. ___37___ According to Martin Ford, author of Rule of the Robots: How Artificial Intelligence Will Transform Everything, three categories are going to be relatively secure in the foreseeable future. ___38___ That means you’re not doing formulaic (程式化的) work or just rearranging things, but generating new ideas. For example, in the field of science, where your job is coming up with a novel strategy or solution, there’s going to be a place for human beings. The second category is jobs that require sophisticated interpersonal relationships like nurses, business consultants and investigative journalists. These are jobs where you need a very deep understanding of people. ___39___ The third safe zone includes jobs that really require lots of mobility and problem-solving ability in unpredictable environments. Electricians, plumbers, welders (焊工) and the like all fall under this umbrella, where you’re dealing with different situations all the time. In short, seeking roles in dynamic, shifting environments that include unpredictable tasks is good way to avoid job loss to AI, at least, for a while. It’s important to note that an advanced education is not a defense against AI takeover. In many cases, more educated workers are going to be more threatened than even the least educated workers. ___40___ It’s really hard to automate that job. A. That could be terrible. B. However, they are not coming for all jobs. C. Thankfully, there are still things AI isn’t capable of. D. The first would be jobs that are genuinely creative. E. Think of the person that cleans hotel rooms. F. That doesn’t necessarily mean all jobs that are considered “creative” are safe. G. It’ll be a long time before AI has the ability to really build relationships and interact. 【答案】36. A 37. C 38. D 39. G 40. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一些人工智能无法做到的工作。 【36题详解】 上文“A report released by Goldman Sachs in March 2023 estimated that AI is capable of doing a quarter of all the work currently done by humans. (Goldman Sachs于2023年3月发布的一份报告估计，人工智能能够完成目前人类所做工作的四分之一。)”以及下文“It would not just happen to individuals, but it could be pretty systematic. (这不仅会发生在个人身上，而且可能是相当系统的。)”说明这个现象很可怕，因此A项“这太可怕了”符合语境，故选A。 【37题详解】 下文“According to Martin Ford, author of Rule of the Robots: How Artificial Intelligence Will Transform Everything, three categories are going to be relatively secure in the foreseeable future. (《机器人规则：人工智能将如何改变一切》一书的作者马丁·福特表示，在可预见的未来，三类机器人将相对安全。)”说明的是仍然有人工智能无法做到的三大类工作，因此C项“谢天谢地，还有一些事情是人工智能无法做到的”概括段意，故选C。 【38题详解】 上文“three categories are going to be relatively secure in the foreseeable future. (在可预见的未来，这三个类别将相对安全。)”以及下文“The second category is jobs that require sophisticated interpersonal relationships like nurses, business consultants and investigative journalists. (第二类是需要复杂人际关系的工作，如护士、商业顾问和调查记者。)”说明此处需要承接上文，并引出之后两段的另外两种工作，因此D项“首先是真正有创造力的工作”符合语境，故选D。 【39题详解】 上文“The second category is jobs that require sophisticated interpersonal relationships like nurses, business consultants and investigative journalists. These are jobs where you need a very deep understanding of people. (第二类是需要复杂人际关系的工作，如护士、商业顾问和调查记者。在这些工作中，你需要对人有非常深入的了解。)” 说明第二类工作相对安全是因为它们需要对人有深入的了解，G项“人工智能还需要很长时间才能真正建立关系和互动。”进一步解释第二类工作可能不受人工智能威胁的原因，故选G。 【40题详解】 上文“In many cases, more educated workers are going to be more threatened than even the least educated workers. (在许多情况下，受教育程度更高的工人将比受教育程度最低的工人受到更大的威胁。)”以及下文“It’s really hard to automate that job. (要使那项工作自动化真的很难)” 中it指代空处提及的工作，说明使酒店打扫工作自动化很难，即受到人工智能的威胁小，因此E项“想想那个打扫酒店房间的人吧。”举例说明具体的不需要高学历的工作，故选E。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 It was 4 o’clock in the morning when I received the phone call. “This is the emergency room calling and your son was just____41____in with serious burns on his face, neck and arms.” The doctor described the____42____, which caused the burns. At 6 a.m., my son and his friends decided to barbecue hamburgers in the courtyard of their apartment. Unfortunately, the charcoal burst into flames because they had sprayed too much petrol. The flames____43____my son’s shirt tail and shot from his waist to well over his head. Fortunately, one of the boys was quick- minded, grasped my son, and____44____him on the grass. While it saved his life, there was not enough____45____to save him from fearful burns and the terrible scars (伤疤). After he recovered from the treatments, the doctors told him they would not do plastic surgery (整形手术) for 6 months ____46____ it took that long for the skin to stop shrinking and wrinkling. So he had to return to college with typical scars of burns. When I was a child, my mother told my sister who had a very____47____10-inch scar on her arm, “Nancy, if you ignore the scar, other people will ignore it. It does not mean they will not____48____it, but it means it will not matter to them if it doesn’t matter to you.” I____49____this wisdom on to my son. He took my advice to his_____50_____and returned to school with his head held high-glad he was alive. By the end of the six-month waiting period, he felt that the scars did not_____51_____, so he made the_____52_____to give up any plastic surgery. We all have “scars” that we believe will_____53_____people to keep away from us. And we spend a lot of time thinking that if we looked different, or dressed differently, people would like us better. But you see, people will only judge you by your looks, or your clothes, if you are judging yourself by these_____54_____standards. Put your imperfections out of your mind and concentrate on what you value_____55_____yourself, and your beauty will shine through. 41. A. turned B. given C. brought D. shown 42. A. event B. accident C. reason D. process 43. A. burned B. held C. took D. attracted 44. A. pushed B. rolled C. dropped D. threw 45. A. space B. time C. room D. place 46. A. if B. while C. because D. although 47. A. specific B. violent C. obvious D. cruel 48. A. mention B. notice C. reject D. blame 49. A. passed B. kept C. handled D. sent 50. A. book B. life C. spirit D. heart 51. A. grow B. exist C. matter D. appear 52. A. attempt B. effort C. decision D. conclusion 53. A. invite B. cause C. allow D. remind 54. A. casual B. tough C. false D. general 55. A. by B. over C. beyond D. within 【答案】41. C 42. B 43. A 44. B 45. B 46. C 47. C 48. B 49. A 50. D 51. C 52. C 53. B 54. C 55. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述作者的儿子由于一场意外，烧伤了自己留下了疤痕。在作者的鼓励下，作者更专注于内心的美丽，不在意身上的伤疤，而放弃做整容手术的故事。 【41题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“这里是急诊室，你的儿子刚刚被送来，他的脸、脖子和手臂都严重烧伤。”A. turned转动；B. given给；C. brought带来；D. shown展示。根据后文的“serious burns on his face, neck and arms”可知，作者的儿子受伤严重，可推知被送进急诊室。故选C。 【42题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：医生描述了造成烧伤的事故。A. event事件；B. accident 意外事故；C. reason 理由；D. process过程。根据前文的“serious burns on his face, neck and arms”可知，医生描述了事故。故选B。 【43题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：火焰烧着了我儿子的衬衫尾巴，从他的腰部一直烧到他的头顶。A. burned烧；B. held拿住；C. took拿走；D. attracted吸引。根据前文的“serious burns on his face, neck and arms”和后文“my son’s shirt tail and shot from his waist to well over his head”可知，火焰烧到了作者的儿子。故选A。 【44题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，其中一个男孩反应敏捷，抓住了我的儿子，把他滚到草地上。A. pushed推；B. rolled使……转动，滚动；C. dropped掉下；D. threw抛。根据后文的“While it saved his life”可知，一个男孩的行为救了作者儿子的命，根据常识可知，身上着火时，在地上滚动可以灭火。故选B。 【45题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然它救了他的命，但没有足够的时间把他从可怕的烧伤和可怕的伤疤中拯救出来。A. space空间；B. time时间；C. room房间；D. place地方。根据后文的“from fearful burns and the terrible scars”可推知，没有足够的时间把作者的儿子从烧伤中救出来。故选B。 【46题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：在他从治疗中恢复过来后，医生告诉他，他们将在6个月内不做整形手术，因为皮肤需要很长时间才能停止萎缩和起皱纹。A. if如果；B. while当……时候；C. because因为；D. although尽管。根据后文的“it took that long for the skin to stop shrinking and wrinkling”可推知，皮肤需要很长时间才能停止萎缩和起皱纹是前面不能在6个月内做整形手术的原因。故选C。 【47题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我还是个孩子的时候，我妈妈告诉我妹妹，她的手臂上有一个非常明显的10英寸的伤疤。A. specific特定的；B. violent暴力的；C. obvious明显的；D. cruel残酷的。根据后文的“10-inch scar on her arm”可知，10英寸的伤疤很明显。故选C。 【48题详解】 考查动词辨析。句意：这并不意味着他们不会注意到，而是意味着如果你不留意，他们也不在乎。A. mention提到；B. notice留意；C. reject拒绝；D. blame责怪。根据后文的“but it means it will not matter to them if it doesn’t matter to you”可知，如果你不留意，别人也不在意。故选B。 【49题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把这个智慧传给了我的儿子。A. passed传递；B. kept保持；C. handled解决；D. sent发送。根据后文的“to my son”可知，作者将这个智慧传递给自己儿子。故选A。 【50题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他把我的建议牢记于心，昂首挺胸地回到学校，庆幸自己还活着。A. book书；B. life生活；C. spirit精神；D. heart心。根据后文的“returned to school with his head held high-glad he was alive”可推知，作者儿子将作者的话牢记于心，才能在身上有伤疤的情况下昂首挺胸地回到学校。故选D。 【51题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在六个月的等待期结束时，他觉得伤疤并不要紧，所以他决定放弃任何整形手术。A. grow长大；B. exist存在；C. matter要紧；D. appear出现。根据后文的“give up any plastic surgery”可知，作者的儿子觉得伤疤并不要紧，所以放弃整形手术。故选C。 【52题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在六个月的等待期结束时，他觉得伤疤并不重要，所以他决定放弃任何整形手术。A. attempt尝试；B. effort努力；C. decision决定；D. conclusion结论。根据后文的“give up any plastic surgery”可知，作者的儿子觉得伤疤并不要紧，所以放弃整形手术。故选C。 【53题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们都有“伤疤”，我们相信这些伤疤会导致别人远离我们。A. invite邀请；B. cause导致；C. allow允许；D. remind提醒。根据后文的“keep away from us”可知，伤疤会导致别人远离我们。故选B。 【54题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是你看，如果你用这些错误的标准来评判自己，人们只会用你的外表或衣服来评判你。A. casual随便的；B. tough艰苦的；C. false错误的；D. general普遍的。根据前文的“ judge you by your looks, or your clothes”可知，如果用这些错误的标准来批判自己，人们只会用你的外表或衣服来评判你。故选C。 【55题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：把你的不完美抛诸脑后，专注于你所看重的自己的内心深处，你的美丽就会闪耀。A. by由；B. over超过；C. beyond超出；D. within在……里。根据前文的“Put your imperfections out of your mind”和后文的“and your beauty will shine through”可知，把不完美抛诸脑后，专注于看重自己的内心深处，美丽就会闪耀。故选D。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Being a protective parent could set your kids up for a healthier life as an adult, according to new research from the University of Georgia. The national survey followed thousands of ____56____(individual) from adolescence through their mid-30s. It found that letting your kids know you have set limits and are keeping an eye on them ____57____(reduce) the risk of physical and mental health in adulthood. “This isn’t just the direct ‘know where your kids are’ type of parenting, and it’s not helicopter parenting ____58____ makes a difference,” said Katherine Ehrlich, co-author of the study. The researchers found a connection between growing up in a ____59____(little) safe environment and physical health limitations in adulthood. “____60____ is a lot of research to show that stressful experiences — for example, feeling unsafe, not getting the basic resources that you need in life or ____61____(expose) to neglect or abuse —____62____(literal) change how your body functions,” said Corallo, a research associate at Georgia State University. The study participants who grew up in unsafe environments ____63____ had parents who were very involved with their lives didn’t experience the same health problems ____64____ their peers without protective parents. It is likely that the children whose parents gave them curfews (宵禁) and monitored their friend groups ____65____(protect) better from harmful behaviors that would have lifelong effects, like smoking or drinking, the researchers said. 【答案】56. individuals 57. reduces 58. that 59. less 60. There 61. being exposed 62. literally 63. but 64. as 65. were protected 【解析】 【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章主要讲述了根据佐治亚大学的一项新研究，做一个保护孩子的父母可以让你的孩子长大后过上更健康的生活。 【56题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：这项全国性调查追踪了数千名从青春期到35岁左右的人。根据“thousands of”可知，空处应为名词复数，作宾语；individual表示“个人、个体”，为可数名词，符合句意。故填individuals。 【57题详解】 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：研究发现，让你的孩子知道你已经设定了限制，并时刻关注着这些限制，可以降低他们成年后身心健康的风险。空处为谓语动词，由句意可知，应用一般现在时，表示客观事实；主语是动名词短语“letting your kids know...”，故谓语为单数，与动词reduce之间为主动关系。故填reduces。 【58题详解】 考查强调句。句意：“这不是直接的‘知道你的孩子在哪里’式的教育，也不是直升机式育儿带来改变，”这项研究的合著者Katherine Ehrlich说。本句为it be...that强调句型，强调主语“helicopter parenting”，故应用that。故填that。 【59题详解】 考查副词比较级。句意：研究人员发现，在不太安全的环境中长大与成年后身体健康受限之间存在联系。空处应用副词，修饰形容词“safe”；根据下文“for example, feeling unsafe, ”（例如，感到不安全），这里表示“不安全”，little的比较级less可作副词，less safe意为“更不安全、不太安全”，符合句意。故填less。 【60题详解】 考查固定句型。句意：“有很多研究表明，压力经历——例如，感觉不安全，无法获得生活所需的基本资源，或者受到忽视或虐待——确实会改变你的身体功能，”佐治亚州立大学的研究助理Corallo说。根据句意，本句应为固定句型there be...，表示“有……”；句首字母大写。故填There。 【61题详解】 考查动名词。句意：同上。根据“or”可知，空处应与“feeling”和“not getting”为并列成分，故应用动名词形式；expose为及物动词，表示“暴露、使显露”，固定短语be exposed to意为“暴露于、遭受”，符合句意，故应用being exposed to；故填being exposed。 【62题详解】 考查副词。句意：同上。空处应副词，修饰动词“change”，作状语；literally为副词，表示“真正地、确实地”，符合句意。故填literally。 【63题详解】 考查并列连词。句意：在不安全的环境中长大，但父母对他们的生活非常关心的研究参与者，与没有父母保护的同龄人相比，不会经历同样的健康问题。空处应为并列连词，连接两个并列谓语“grew up”和“had”；根据句意，两者之间应为转折关系，故应用but。故填but。 【64题详解】 考查介词。句意：在不安全的环境中长大，但父母对他们的生活非常关心的研究参与者，与没有父母保护的同龄人相比，不会经历同样的健康问题。空处应为介词，后接名词短语“their peers”作宾语；固定短语the same...as...表示“和……一样……”，符合句意。故填as。 【65题详解】 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：研究人员说，父母让孩子宵禁并监督他们的朋友群的孩子很可能受到更好的保护，免受吸烟或饮酒等终身影响的有害行为的影响。空处应为谓语，根据“gave”、“monitored”和句意可知，应为一般过去时，表示过去发生的动作；主语“the children”和动词protect之间应为被动关系，表示“孩子被保护得更好”，谓语动词为复数形式。故填were protected。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 应用文写作(满分15分) 66. 假定你是李华， 你校英语俱乐部开展主题为“The beauty of China”的短视频(short video)征集活动，请写信给留学生朋友 Chris告知他相关信息。内容包括： 1.活动介绍； 2.视频要求； 3.鼓励参加。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Jon, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】 Dear Chris, I hope this letter finds you well. I am writing to inform you about the “The Beauty of China” short video contest being organized by our school’s English club and I strongly recommend you give it a shot. Participants are required to create a short video that captures the essence of the country’s beauty, highlighting its rich cultures and inspiring others to appreciate its charm. The video must be no longer than three minutes and the deadline for the video submission is March 29th. I strongly encourage you to participate in this contest as it provides an excellent opportunity to showcase your creativity, learn more about Chinese culture, and potentially win a prize. Moreover, it will be a great chance for you to connect with other students and share your experiences. I’m looking forward to your excellent performance in the contest! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写信给留学生朋友Chris，告知他校英语俱乐部开展的主题为“The beauty of China”的短视频(short video)征集活动的相关信息。 【详解】1.词汇积累 希望：hope→wish 竞赛：contest→competition 激励：inspire→motivate 欣赏：appreciate→admire 2.句式拓展 句型转换 原句：Participants are required to create a short video that captures the essence of the country’s beauty, highlighting its rich cultures and inspiring others to appreciate its charm. 拓展句：Participants are required to create a short video that captures the essence of the country’s beauty, which highlights its rich cultures and inspires others to appreciate its charm. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Participants are required to create a short video that captures the essence of the country’s beauty, highlighting its rich cultures and inspiring others to appreciate its charm. (运用了that引导的限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】I strongly encourage you to participate in this contest as it provides an excellent opportunity to showcase your creativity, learn more about Chinese culture, and potentially win a prize. (运用了as引导的原因状语从句) 第二节 读后续写(满分25分) 67. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。 An A for Mrs. B I was sitting next to Missy in my ninth-grade world history class when Mrs. Bartlett announced a new project. In groups, we were to create a newspaper around the culture we were studying. On a piece of paper, we wrote the names of three friends we wanted in our group. After collecting all the requests, Mrs. B. informed us that she would take into consideration the names we chose and would let us know the results the next day. I had no doubt I would get the group of my choice. Only a few people behaved normally in the class, and Missy was one of them. I knew we had chosen each other. The next day, I anxiously waited for the class. After the bell rang, Missy and I stopped talking as Mrs. B called for our attention. She started to call out names. When she reached group three, Missy’s name was called. So, I’m in group three,I thought. The second, third and fourth members of the group were called. My name was not included. There had to be some mistake! Then I heard it. The last group: “Mauro, Juliette, Rachel, Karina.” I could feel the tears well in my eyes. How could I face being in that group—the boy who rarely spoke English, the one girl who was always covered by skirts that went down to her ankles, and the other girl who wore weird clothes. Oh, how badly I wanted to be with my friends. I fought back tears as I walked up to Mrs B. She looked at me and knew what I was there for. I was determined to convince her I should be in the “good” group. “Why. . . ?” I started. She gently placed a hand on my shoulder. “I know what you want, Karina,” she said, “but your group needs you. I need you to help them get a passing grade on this assignment. Only you can help them.” I was stunned. I was confused. I was amazed. She had seen something in me I hadn’t seen. “Will you help them?” she asked. I stood straighter. “Yes,” I replied. I couldn’t believe it came out of my mouth, but it did. I had committed. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Para1: I bravely walked to where the others in my group sat. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Para2: In the end, Mrs. B gave us an A on that assignment. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Possible version 1: I bravely walked to where the others in my group sat. Encouraged by their big smiles, I sat down and led the project. According to personal interests and what they were good at, I assigned them with different columns of the newspaper. Halfway through it, I felt myself enjoying the company of these three people. Gradually, I learned that Mauro had few friends because he was struggling with the English language; Juliette wore long skirts or dresses every day because of her religion; Rachel had a burning desire to be a fashion designer so she had a whole barrel of unique ideas. Finally, with our cooperation, our assignment was successfully finished. In the end, Mrs. B gave us an A on that assignment. She announced to the whole class that the newspaper designed by our group was elaborately laid out and carefully edited, with rich cultural knowledge. Our joy and happiness were beyond description. After that semester ended, I always received a friendly hello from my group. Many years later, I didn’t recall anything about the newspaper, but I did feel fortunate to be given the opportunity to see in myself a potential that inspired my actions. It is Mrs B’s insight, vision and thoughtfulness that bring out the potential in four of her students. She is the one who truly deserves the grade A. Possible version 2: I bravely walked to where the others in my group sat. Resilient student as I was, I knew that in all my academic years, this seminar got to be the hardest nut to crack. Even so, I felt relieved when I saw them beaming with delight at me. The very natural and heart-warming smiles could hardly be ignored. Following a few greetings, we plunged right into the task at hand. Some were brainstorming a string of brilliant ideas while others were investigating cultures on the Internet in an energy-draining yet worthwhile manner. Teaming up with one another, everyone shared their passion and wisdom individually and collectively. In the end, Mrs B gave us an A on that assignment. It was thrilling to see our painstaking efforts finally paid off. We hugged tightly, sheer excitement radiating from our lightened cheeks. This cheerful episode lingered long after the project was completed, serving as a sweet reminder of my new friends. Additionally, the whole ordeal also set me reflecting on how conceited I had been to allow unreasonable grievances to dominate me in the first place. Thanks to Mrs. B, I’ve learned to appreciate others’ inner strengths as well as enlightening minds. As such, I believe grade A should ultimately belong to Mrs. B, a real mentor with a keen understanding of what education is meant for. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了在完成小组任务时，老师有意地把作者分到一个较差的小组去带领他们完成任务，作者一开始并不情愿，但为了不辜负老师的信任，最终带领小组很好地完成了任务。期间，作者也对这些自己原来持有偏见的同学有了更深的认识，并由衷地感谢老师的安排。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“我勇敢地走向我的组员的位置”可知，第一段可描写通过作者和其他成员的共同合作，最终完成了任务。 ②由第二段首句内容“最后，Mrs. B给我们的作业评了A。”可知，第二段可描写作者的喜悦及感悟。 2.续写线索：了解组员——消除疑惑——共同合作——完成任务——喜悦——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①鼓励：encourage/inspire/motivate ②完成：finish/accomplish/complete ③想起：recall/remember/recollect 情绪类 ①喜悦：joy/happiness/delight/enjoyment ②友好：friendly/cordial/amicable 【点睛】[高分句型1] Gradually, I learned that Mauro had few friends because he was struggling with the English language（运用了that引导的宾语从句及because引导的原因状语从句。） [高分句型2]It is Mrs B’s insight, vision and thoughtfulness that bring out the potential in four of her students.（运用了it is...that...强调句的句型。） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$null 2024年上学期高二创新实验班期末质量检测试题卷 英语 考生注意： 1.本试卷分为听力、阅读、语言运用和写作四个部分，满分150分，考试时量120分钟。 2.试卷分为试题卷和答题卡两个部分，答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号、学校填在试题卷答题卡上。 3.选择题部分用2B铅笔填涂在答题卡上，回答非选择题部分时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在试题卷上无效。 4.考试结束后请将答题卡上交。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What is the man doing? A. Reading. B. Shouting. C. Whispering. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Where are the speakers now? A. In a school. B. At home. C. On a bus. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the man think of the test tomorrow? A. It is important. B. It is easy. C. It is unnecessary. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Which party will the man vote for? A. The green party. B. The blue party. C. The red party. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the woman suggest the man do? A. Surprise his grandfather. B. Find out his grandfather’s wisdom. C. Help his grandfather to find his keys. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Mother and son. B. Fellow engineers. C. Teacher and student. 7. What happened when the man used the machine? A. It spread butter on toast. B. It mixed butter with jam. C. It dropped butter onto the floor. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. How long has the woman been waiting here? A. 15 minutes. B. 20 minutes. C. 25 minutes. 9. Why is the woman going to town? A. To get to work. B. To go shopping. C. To buy computer parts. 10. What will the man do later today? A. Have his computer repaired. B. Go to the medical center. C. Work on a report. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 11. Why did the man travel to England? A. For an exchange program. B. For a sports competition. C. For a family reunion. 12. What sport will the man take Josh to see? A. Football. B. Basketball. C. Table tennis. 13. How did the man mainly feel during his trip? A. Tired. B. Excited. C. Scared. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 14. Who is the woman? A. A writer. B. A publisher. C. A radio hostess. 15. What style of comic does Jin Oka write? A. Japanese. B. American. C. Chinese. 16. Which character does Jin Oka like best? A. Spider-Man. B. Iron Man. C. Batman. 17. What will the speakers do first? A. Read a comic book. B. Rest for a while. C. Watch a video. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 18. What is the talk mainly about? A. An inspiring story. B. A world record. C. A family reunion. 19. Why did Jonny nearly fall over? A. He got tired and weak. B. He was pushed by another athlete. C. He was overexcited at nearing the finish line. 20. What place did Jonny get in the race? A. First. B. Second. C. Third. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Skywalk at the Grand Canyon West Rim Head to the breathtaking Skywalk at the Grand Canyon West Rim for an unforgettable view 4,000 feet above the Canyon floor. With trust in our world-famous Gray Line blue diamond, you can be confident of knowing that this will be a truly memorable day! Please Note If a motor coach with a lift is required, we must have a 72-hour prior notification to the date of travel. Service dogs are allowed to travel with the correct and current paperwork. All reservations must be confirmed 24 hours prior to the travel date. Cameras are not allowed on the Skywalk. Tour Overview Pass by Diamond Bar Ranch located between the grand Canyon and Joshua Tree Forest in the state. This historic ranch covers an area of around 106,000 acres. At the Grand Canyon West Rim, visit the Hualapai Indian Country and take advantage of the many photo opportunities with your hosts, The Hualapai Indians. Meet the Hualapai Indians in full tribal (BB) dr ess and form the traditional dance. Visit guano point. There are relics of a historic tram that stretched 8, 800 feet across the grand Canyon to a guano mine. Visit Eagle Point. Besides experiencing the latest attraction — the Grand Canyon Skywalk, you can also dine at the newly opened Skywalk Cafe overlooking the grand Canyon for a truly unique lunch experience After approximately 4 hours at the West Rim, we'll return to the Las Vegas hotel—there's no better way to spend your day! 21. What if a blind man with a guide dog intends to take the tour? A. He should inform the company ahead B. He should pay extra money for the dog C. He should confirm his reservation in advance D. He should provide related documents about the dog 22. What can tourists do in the Hualapai Indian Country? A. Taste unique local cuisine. B. Take pictures with the locals C. Dance with the Hualapai Indians D. Try on the traditional tribal dress 23. Where can visitors have a wonderful view over the grand Canyon? A. Eagle Point B. Guano point C. Joshua Tree Forest D. Diamond Bar ranch B Ask bacteria where they’d like to live, and they’ll answer: a kitchen sponge (海绵), please. Sponges are the best place for bacteria, capable of housing 54 billion bacteria per cubic centimeter. In addition to being damp, airy and loaded with food remains, sponges provide a perfect physical environment for bacteria. Just like humans, bacteria prefer different levels of interactions with their peers. Some bacteria are more social, while others prefer staying alone. Researchers found that middling levels of separation—similar to that found in a sponge—maximize the diversity of the community. Scientists separated different bacterial strains(菌株), which had been engineered to give light, into compartments(隔间). The work showed that an environment with a middling number of compartments promotes the most diversity. Kitchen sponge, with all kinds of large and small holes, not only offer an ideal number of compartments for bacteria, but also provide a range of varying-sized parties that can suit more of the bacteria’s needs. In experiments with a kitchen sponge, the researchers found that the resulting bacterial community was more diverse than those produced in liquid cultures, a common method of growing bacteria in a laboratory. Fortunately, the bacteria partying in your sponge are mostly nonpathogenic. But if dangerous bacteria do show up, the sponge’s special structure will probably help them thrive. “Sponges are not really well-suited for kitchen,” says Markus Egert, a microbiologist, who did not take part in the study.“There is hardly any surface without bacteria at home, but the kitchen sponge is probably the most populated item at home.” The good news is that it’s easy to solve the problem. Brushes are a much safer alternative. And if you love your sponge, don’t use it for meat juices. No need to invite bad bacteria to the party. 24. What is the function of the first paragraph? A. Introducing the topic of the text. B. Drawing a scientific conclusion. C. Comparing bacteria with human beings. D. Providing a better environment for bacteria. 25. What can be inferred from the experiment? A. Bacteria can be removed from home. B. Bacteria prefer to reproduce in large spaces. C. Kitchen sponges will soon be replaced by brushes. D. Kitchen sponges are ideal items to produce bacteria. 26. What does the underlined word “nonpathogenic” mean in Paragraph 6? A. Different B. Safe C. Healthy D. Destructive 27. Where is the passage most likely taken from? A. A cookbook B. A magazine C. A textbook D. An advertisement C Eugene Newman Parker, a leading figure in heliospheric(日球层的) physics for the past half century, passed away peacefully at his home in Chicago on Mar. 15. He was 94. Hailed(誉为) as a visionary in the field of heliophysics, Parker revolutionized our understanding of the sun and its effects on Earth and other bodies within the solar system. NASA even stated that “the field of heliophysics exists in large part because of Dr. Eugene Parker. In 2018, Parker became the first living scientist to witness the launch of a spacecraft that was named in his honor. Parker is best known for his groundbreaking theory on the existence of a phenomenon called “solar wind”, a continuous stream of charged particles that flow off the sun. It can become violent, causing space weather that impacts the Earth. When Parker’s research was published in 1958, his theory was initially met with skepticism(怀疑) and ridicule by the scientific community. The general view at the time was that the space between planets was an absolute vacuum(真空), and was thus completely empty of any matter. But, there were no errors in his study or his calculations, and the theory was later proven to be correct in 1962, when a NASA spacecraft mission to Venus revealed the constant presence of a supersonic wind—exactly as Parker had predicted. That experience likely led to the advice Parker often gave young researchers: “If you do something new or innovative, expect trouble. But think critically about it because if you’re wrong, you want to be the first one to know that.” Parker never co-authored a paper with his students, thus urging them to be independent. Parker was humble, straightforward, and wise. His son Eric said, “My sister Joyce and I didn’t get a real feel for what a ‘big dog’ our dad was in the field.” They got an even better sense when a month after Parker’s death, they traveled to Lund, Sweden, to accept on his behalf the Crafoord Prize in Astronomy. 28. What can we learn from the second paragraph? A. A spacecraft was named in memory of Parker. B. The sun has less effects on Earth than expected. C. Parker deserved credit for his great contributions. D. NASA provided new insights into the lunar effect. 29. Why did people view Parker’s theory of “solar wind” skeptically at first? A. It went against the popular opinion at that time. B. Some mistakes were found in his calculations. C. The presence of a supersonic wind was proven by NASA. D. Matter was believed to exist in the space between planets. 30. What did Parker suggest young researchers do? A. seek close cooperation B. avoid high expectations C. learn by trial and error D. compete against others 31. What words can be used to describe Parker according to the passage? A. straightforward and generous B. responsible and accessible C. intelligent yet conservative D. distinguished yet modest D Zoologists studied the nervous systems of insects to investigate principles of biological brain computation and possible effects on machine learning and artificial intelligence. Specifically they analysed how insects learn to associate sensory information in their environment with a food reward, and how they can recall this information later in order to solve complex tasks such as the search for food. Living organisms show remarkable abilities in coping with problems posed by complex and dynamic environments. They are able to generalize their experiences in order to rapidly adapt their behaviour when the environment changes. The zoologists investigated how the nervous system of the fruit fly controls its behaviour when searching for food. Using a computer model, they simulated(模拟) and analysed the computations in the fruit fly’s nervous system in response to scents coming from the food source. They initially trained their model of the fly brain in exactly the same way as insects are trained in experiments. They presented a specific scent in the simulation together with a reward and a second scent without a reward. “The model rapidly learns a strong representation of the rewarded scent after just a few scent presentations and is then able to find the source of this scent in a complex environment,” said computer scientist Dr Hannes Rapp, who created the model. The model created is thus capable of generalizing from its memory and to apply what it has learned previously in a completely new and complex environment, while learning required only a very small database of training samples. The results suggest that the transformation of sensory information into memories in the brain can inspire future machine learning and artificial intelligence applications to solving complex tasks. 32. What is the aim of the research? A. To analyse the application of biological brain computation principles. B. To seek promotion of machine learning and artificial intelligence. C. To shed light on how the nervous systems of insects work. D. To uncover how insects apply sensory information in search of food. 33. Which statement about the research method is NOT TRUE? A. The researchers collected the data by using a computer model. B. The researchers focused on how the fruit fly’s nervous system reacts to scents. C. The researchers trained the model in the same way as training fruit flies. D. The researchers presented two different scents to carry out a control experiment. 34 What do the results of the research imply? A. Insects’ nervous systems are more sensitive to particular scents. B. Artificial intelligence is significant to biological brain research. C. Sensory information is widely applied in machine learning. D. Research on insect brain can contribute to AI development. 35. What is the main purpose of the text? A. To present predictions about the future of machine learning. B. To illustrate the method and findings of a scientific study. C. To call on more research on insect brain and behavior. D. To introduce a practical method of insect research. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The information age has reached a critical point, with AI’s superior computation ability surpassing that of humans. A report released by Goldman Sachs in March 2023 estimated that AI is capable of doing a quarter of all the work currently done by humans. ___36___ It would not just happen to individuals, but it could be pretty systematic. Across the European Union and US, the report further notes, 300 million jobs are expected to be lost to automation. ___37___ According to Martin Ford, author of Rule of the Robots: How Artificial Intelligence Will Transform Everything, three categories are going to be relatively secure in the foreseeable future. ___38___ That means you’re not doing formulaic (程式化的) work or just rearranging things, but generating new ideas. For example, in the field of science, where your job is coming up with a novel strategy or solution, there’s going to be a place for human beings. The second category is jobs that require sophisticated interpersonal relationships like nurses, business consultants and investigative journalists. These are jobs where you need a very deep understanding of people. ___39___ The third safe zone includes jobs that really require lots of mobility and problem-solving ability in unpredictable environments. Electricians, plumbers, welders (焊工) and the like all fall under this umbrella, where you’re dealing with different situations all the time. In short, seeking roles in dynamic, shifting environments that include unpredictable tasks is good way to avoid job loss to AI, at least, for a while. It’s important to note that an advanced education is not a defense against AI takeover. In many cases, more educated workers are going to be more threatened than even the least educated workers. ___40___ It’s really hard to automate that job. A. That could be terrible. B. However, they are not coming for all jobs. C. Thankfully, there are still things AI isn’t capable of. D The first would be jobs that are genuinely creative. E. Think of the person that cleans hotel rooms. F. That doesn’t necessarily mean all jobs that are considered “creative” are safe. G. It’ll be a long time before AI has the ability to really build relationships and interact. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 It was 4 o’clock in the morning when I received the phone call. “This is the emergency room calling and your son was just____41____in with serious burns on his face, neck and arms.” The doctor described the____42____, which caused the burns. At 6 a.m., my son and his friends decided to barbecue hamburgers in the courtyard of their apartment. Unfortunately, the charcoal burst into flames because they had sprayed too much petrol. The flames____43____my son’s shirt tail and shot from his waist to well over his head. Fortunately, one of the boys was quick- minded, grasped my son, and____44____him on the grass. While it saved his life, there was not enough____45____to save him from fearful burns and the terrible scars (伤疤). After he recovered from the treatments, the doctors told him they would not do plastic surgery (整形手术) for 6 months ____46____ it took that long for the skin to stop shrinking and wrinkling. So he had to return to college with typical scars of burns. When I was a child, my mother told my sister who had a very____47____10-inch scar on her arm, “Nancy, if you ignore the scar, other people will ignore it. It does not mean they will not____48____it, but it means it will not matter to them if it doesn’t matter to you.” I____49____this wisdom on to my son. He took my advice to his_____50_____and returned to school with his head held high-glad he was alive. By the end of the six-month waiting period, he felt that the scars did not_____51_____, so he made the_____52_____to give up any plastic surgery. We all have “scars” that we believe will_____53_____people to keep away from us. And we spend a lot of time thinking that if we looked different, or dressed differently, people would like us better. But you see, people will only judge you by your looks, or your clothes, if you are judging yourself by these_____54_____standards. Put your imperfections out of your mind and concentrate on what you value_____55_____yourself, and your beauty will shine through. 41. A. turned B. given C. brought D. shown 42. A. event B. accident C. reason D. process 43. A. burned B. held C. took D. attracted 44. A. pushed B. rolled C. dropped D. threw 45. A. space B. time C. room D. place 46. A. if B. while C. because D. although 47. A. specific B. violent C. obvious D. cruel 48. A. mention B. notice C. reject D. blame 49. A. passed B. kept C. handled D. sent 50. A. book B. life C. spirit D. heart 51. A. grow B. exist C. matter D. appear 52. A. attempt B. effort C. decision D. conclusion 53. A. invite B. cause C. allow D. remind 54. A. casual B. tough C. false D. general 55. A. by B. over C. beyond D. within 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Being a protective parent could set your kids up for a healthier life as an adult, according to new research from the University of Georgia. The national survey followed thousands of ____56____(individual) from adolescence through their mid-30s. It found that letting your kids know you have set limits and are keeping an eye on them ____57____(reduce) the risk of physical and mental health in adulthood. “This isn’t just the direct ‘know where your kids are’ type of parenting, and it’s not helicopter parenting ____58____ makes a difference,” said Katherine Ehrlich, co-author of the study. The researchers found a connection between growing up in a ____59____(little) safe environment and physical health limitations in adulthood. “____60____ is a lot of research to show that stressful experiences — for example feeling unsafe, not getting the basic resources that you need in life or ____61____(expose) to neglect or abuse —____62____(literal) change how your body functions,” said Corallo, a research associate at Georgia State University. The study participants who grew up in unsafe environments ____63____ had parents who were very involved with their lives didn’t experience the same health problems ____64____ their peers without protective parents. It is likely that the children whose parents gave them curfews (宵禁) and monitored their friend groups ____65____(protect) better from harmful behaviors that would have lifelong effects, like smoking or drinking, the researchers said. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 应用文写作(满分15分) 66. 假定你是李华， 你校英语俱乐部开展主题为“The beauty of China”的短视频(short video)征集活动，请写信给留学生朋友 Chris告知他相关信息。内容包括： 1.活动介绍； 2.视频要求； 3.鼓励参加。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Jon, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节 读后续写(满分25分) 67. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。 An A for Mrs. B I was sitting next to Missy in my ninth-grade world history class when Mrs. Bartlett announced a new project. In groups, we were to create a newspaper around the culture we were studying. On a piece of paper we wrote the names of three friends we wanted in our group. After collecting all the requests, Mrs. B. informed us that she would take into consideration the names we chose and would let us know the results the next day. I had no doubt I would get the group of my choice. Only a few people behaved normally in the class, and Missy was one of them. I knew we had chosen each other. The next day, I anxiously waited for the class. After the bell rang, Missy and I stopped talking as Mrs. B called for our attention. She started to call out names. When she reached group three, Missy’s name was called. So, I’m in group three,I thought. The second, third and fourth members of the group were called. My name was not included. There had to be some mistake! Then I heard it. The last group: “Mauro, Juliette, Rachel, Karina.” I could feel the tears well in my eyes. How could I face being in that group—the boy who rarely spoke English, the one girl who was always covered by skirts that went down to her ankles, and the other girl who wore weird clothes. Oh, how badly I wanted to be with my friends. I fought back tears as I walked up to Mrs. B. She looked at me and knew what I was there for. I was determined to convince her I should be in the “good” group. “Why. . . ?” I started. She gently placed a hand on my shoulder. “I know what you want, Karina,” she said, “but your group needs you. I need you to help them get a passing grade on this assignment. Only you can help them.” I was stunned. I was confused. I was amazed. She had seen something in me I hadn’t seen. “Will you help them?” she asked. I stood straighter. “Yes,” I replied. I couldn’t believe it came out of my mouth, but it did. I had committed. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Para1: I bravely walked to where the others in my group sat. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Para2: In the end, Mrs. B gave us an A on that assignment. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$