专题05 短文选词填空(苏州中考真题+名校模拟)-备战2025年中考英语常考语法点+题型练习(中考真题+名校模拟真题)(江苏扬州专用)

专题05 短文选词填空 (苏州中考真题+名校模拟) （2024·江苏苏州·中考真题）请认真阅读下面短文，从方框中选择适当的单词或短语，在答题卡标有题号的横线上，填入其正确形式。每个单词或短语仅用一次。 speed    since     plenty of     pollute     such as Frogs are an environmental warning system. They have skin which takes in whatever is in the environment. This means that if the environment is 1 , a frog’s skin takes in the pollution and the frog dies. For this reason, if there’s something wrong in the environment, frogs are the first to die. If there are 2 frogs, it’s a good sign that the environment is healthy. Frog numbers around the world have been dropping at a faster 3 in recent years than ever before. Up to 200 kinds of frogs have died out 4 1980. This is a disaster. Frogs are needed in the food chain as food for animals like snakes, birds and fish. Frogs are also needed in the food chain to eat insects 5 grasshoppers. The world needs frogs. （2023·江苏苏州·中考真题）请认真阅读下面短文，从方框中选择适当的单词或短语，在答题卡标有题号的横线上，填入其正确形式。每个单词或短语仅用一次。 in front of      move      member      happy      complete The Shenzhou XV mission (飞行任务) crew (乘组) returned to Earth on June 4 after a six-month mission. The crew 6 are Fei Junlong, Deng Qingming and Zhang Lu. After everything was ready, the astronauts were carried out of the capsule (返回舱) one by one and placed on chairs 7 the capsule. Then, the astronauts shared their feelings and thoughts with a reporter from CCTV in a live program. Fei said, “We have 8 our tasks before returning safely to Earth. We are all in good condition.” Deng said, “I expected the chance to fly into space for twenty-five years. It was the 9 moment of my life to know that I could be in the mission.” Zhang said, “We will go back to training as soon as possible. We will always be ready to return to space.” After the interview, the astronauts were 10 away for health checks. （2022·江苏苏州·中考真题）请认真阅读下面短文，从方框中选择适当的单词或短语，在横线上填入其正确形式。每个单词或短语仅用一次。 dish       finish      until         have a gift for      so that Mom often says, “Cooking is an important skill, and it can be fun!” But I had no interest in cooking at all 11 I met with a cooking app（应用软件）. There are different kinds of recipes（菜谱）in the app. They offer detailed instructions 12 users can follow them step by step. Most of them even include photos or videos, which are quite useful for beginners. Last week, I picked up a popular recipe to cook fish. When I 13 , it was exactly what I wanted and tasted delicious. Then I tried more recipes. Now I can cook a couple of 14 . I find cooking is great fun and it seems that I 15 cooking. My plan is to invite my friends over next weekend and show them my new skills. I hope they will like my cooking. （2024·江苏苏州·二模）请认真阅读下面短文，从方框中选择适当的单词或短语，在答题卡标有题号的横线上，填入其正确形式。每个单词或短语仅用一次。 to    begin with    express    sad    feel down Time flies and you may 16 when leaving junior high school. But it may make you feel much 17 to say goodbye to your teachers and classmates. This feeling was shared more than 1,000 years ago, when the Tang Dynasty poet Wang Wei had to say goodbye to his friend. A Farewell Song 18 a lovely morning scene. On that morning, Wang has to say goodbye to his friend Yuan Er, who will leave for Anxi in today’s Xinjiang. The last two lines are the most well-known. Yuan is invited by the poet to drink wine because he knows that life in Anxi will be difficult. The journey 19 the west would be full of difficulties, Wang thought. Wang invited Yuan Er to drink a cup of wine again 20 his care and good wishes. This love for his friend made this poem popular back then and it remains so today. （2024·江苏苏州·二模）请认真阅读下面短文，从方框中选择适当的单词或短语，在答题卡标有题号的横线上，填入其正确形式。每个单词或短语仅用一次。 delicious     at least    offer    habit    serve I have never been a fan of vegetables. But my best friend loves them. “Eat your greens!” he always says. So I decide to learn something more about them. It is suggested to eat 21 five different vegetables every day. It’s a good 22 to make vegetables a main part of each meal. However, some people think that vegetables are not so popular compared with meat, so when vegetables are 23 together with meat, they often choose meat instead of vegetables. Others think vegetables are cooked in an unskillful way, making them not 24 . In order to help me have a healthy diet, my friend 25 me good advice on how to cook tasty vegetables. I am on my way to a healthier lifestyle. （2024·江苏苏州·二模）请认真阅读下面短文，从方框中选出适当的单词或短语，在横线上填入其正确形式。每个单词或短语仅用一次。 turn around     win     play     late     through One Day is a song 26 by US reggae (雷鬼乐) singer Matisyahu. Reggae is a music genre (流派) that was born in Jamaica in the 27 1960s. 28 a lovely rhythm (节奏) and positive lyrics (歌词), this song expresses a hope for peace and a wish for an end to violence (暴力). It tells people there are no 29 in war. Sometimes in my tears I drown But I never let it get me down So when negativity surrounds I know some day it’ll all 30 （2024·江苏苏州·二模）请认真阅读下面短文，从方框中选择适当的单词或短语，在答题卡标有题号的横线上，填入其正确形式。每个单词或短语仅用一次。 realize   win   come   prevent   in one’s mind As teenagers, you have many dreams. These dreams can be very big, such as 31 the Nobel Prize. Or they can be small. You just want to become one of the top ten students in your class. Once you find a dream, what do you do with it? Have you ever tried to 32 your dream? You may think you’re not very good at some school subjects, or that it is impossible for you to become a writer. These kinds of thoughts 33 you from reaching your dream. In fact, everyone can make his dream come true. The first thing you must do is to remember the dream 34 . Don’t let it leave your heart. Keep telling yourself what you want. Do this step by step and your dream will come true faster because a big dream is made up of many small ones. Please never give them up. There will be difficulties on the road to your dreams. But the biggest one 35 from yourself. You need to decide what is the most important. Studying instead of watching TV will lead to better exam results, while saving five yuan instead of buying an ice cream means you can buy a new book. （2024·江苏南京·一模）请根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空，使短文内容完整正确，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为1—5的相应横线上。 such as    worth a visit     connecting      a choice      main goods Do you love Chinese silk? Silk has played a great role in Chinese communications with the rest of the world. The Silk Road, 36 the East with the West, was set up during the Han Dynasty and helped the exchange of goods, ideas, and cultural practices. Chinese silk was one of the 37 traded, travelling as far as Rome in Italy and becoming a symbol of wealth in many cultures along the road. Silk is mainly produced in Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Sichuan provinces. Cities 38 Suzhou, Hangzhou, Nanjing, and Shaoxing are well-known for their silk industries. Silk is mostly used for clothing. If you want a Chinese gift, a Qipao might be 39 . As a teenager in Nanjing, I have visited the Nanjing Yunjin Museum of China twice.There, I can see how to produce Yunjin, which is made of coloured silks. The museum is 40 . You can take Metro Line 2 to Yunjinlu Station or take Bus 204,7,37,61,63 to Jiangdongmen Stop. Go and see for yourself! （2024·江苏苏州·一模）请阅读下面短文，将方框中单词或短语的正确形式填入答题卡标有题号的横线上，每空格限填一个单词或短语，每个单词或短语只能填一次。 late   no doubt    discover    success   achieve The Chang’e-4 lander was floating through the black space. It slowly moved closer to the moon’s gray surface and then landed softly. It was January 3,2019, 10:26 a.m., Beijing time. And it was mankind’s first 41 soft landing on the far side of the moon (a “soft” landing is one where the spacecraft lands in a controlled way). Twelve hours 42 , the small Yutu-2 rover (漫游者) was released (释放). With its instruments and camera, it would spend the next months—perhaps even years— 43 the moon’s secrets in this great 44 of human engineering. There is 45 that such technology seemed impossible to believe by those in ancient China, many of whom even imagined that there was a white rabbit on the moon making medicine, yet these tasks are much more than a dream for space engineers working in China today. （2024·江苏苏州·二模）请认真阅读下面短文，从方框中选择适当的单词或短语，在标有题号的横线上，填入其正确形式。每个单词或短语仅用一次。 order    success    spread    hear of    tradition Have you 46 the horse-face skirts? This Chinese skirts date back to the Song Dynasty. The knowledge of the skirt was 47 by many hanfu lovers at the very beginning. This helped more people learn about these old-style Chinese clothes. “For us, wearing the skits is not just for fashion,” said Mao, one of the hanfu lovers, “It also shows our love for Chinese culture.” Recently, the skirts have been more popular. People in other countries like the horse-face skirts, too. Chinese clothing companies have got a lot of 48 for them from abroad. A report studied how popular the skirts were among foreign users of some short video apps. Besides the skirts, “new Chinese-style clothes” is also a hot topic. These clothes add 49 Chinese elements (元素) to modern designs. They have 50 won the hearts of many people in the world. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 参考答案： 1．polluted 2．plenty of 3．speed 4．since 5．such as 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了青蛙可以作为一种环境预警系统以及青蛙在食物链中的重要作用。 1．句意：这意味着，如果环境被污染，青蛙的皮肤吸收了污染，青蛙就会死亡。根据“if the environment is…, a frog’s skin takes in the pollution and the frog dies”及备选词汇可知，此处指如果环境被污染，那么青蛙皮肤也会受到污染。pollute“污染”，动词。此处指环境被污染，是被动语态，动词用其过去分词形式。故填polluted。 2．句意：如果有很多青蛙，这是环境健康的一个好迹象。根据“If there are…frogs, it’s a good sign that the environment is healthy.”及备选词汇可知，如果存在很多青蛙，说明环境很健康。plenty of“很多的”符合语境。故填plenty of。 3．句意：近年来，世界各地的青蛙数量以前所未有的速度下降。根据“Frog numbers around the world have been dropping at a faster…”及备选词汇可知，此处指青蛙的数量以更快的速度下降。speed“速度”符合语境。故填speed。 4．句意：自1980年以来，多达200种青蛙已经灭绝。根据“Up to 200 kinds of frogs have died out…1980.”及备选词汇可知，此处缺少介词，指自1980年以来，很多种青蛙已灭绝。since“自从”符合语境。故填since。 5．句意：食物链中也需要青蛙来吃蝗虫等昆虫。根据“Frogs are also needed in the food chain to eat insects…grasshoppers”及备选词汇可知，此处是举例青蛙可以吃的昆虫，故such as“例如”符合语境。故填such as。 6．members 7．in front of 8．completed 9．happiest 10．moved 【导语】本文主要介绍了神舟15号机组人员返回地球的情况。 6．句意：机组人员是费俊龙、邓清明和张陆。根据“The crew...are Fei Junlong, Deng Qingming and Zhang Lu.”可知是指神州15号的机组人员，应用member“成员”，可数名词，结合are可知名词用复数，故填members。 7．句意：一切准备就绪后，宇航员被一个接一个地抬出太空舱，坐在太空舱前面的椅子上。根据“placed on chairs...the capsule.”可知前后是位置关系，结合选词可知in front of“在……前面”符合语境，故填in front of。 8．句意：在安全返回地球之前，我们已经完成了任务。根据“our tasks”可知是指完成任务，应用complete“完成”，结合“have”可知本句是现在完成时，动词用过去分词，故填completed。 9．句意：那是我一生中最快乐的时刻，因为我知道我可以参与这项任务。根据“the...moment”可知此空应填形容词最高级，结合选词可知happy的最高级happiest符合语境，故填happiest。 10．句意：采访结束后，宇航员们被转移到其他地方进行健康检查。根据“After the interview, the astronauts were...away for health checks.”可知宇航员们被转移到其他地方进行健康检查，move“移动”，是动词，此处动词和主语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，动词用过去分词，故填moved。 11．until 12．so that 13．finished 14．dishes 15．have a gift for 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，作者介绍自己爱上烹饪的过程。 11．句意：但我没有兴趣做饭，直到我遇到了一个烹饪应用软件。根据“But I had no interest in cooking at all... I met with a cooking app.”可知，直到遇到一个烹饪应用软件才对做饭产生了兴趣，“否定词+until”表示“直到……才”，引导时间状语从句，故填until。 12．句意：它们提供的详细说明，以便用户可以逐步遵循这些规则。“users can follow them step by step”是“They offer detailed instructions”的目的，用so that引导目的状语从句，故填so that。 13．句意：当我结束的时候，这正是我想要的，味道很好。根据“When I..., it was exactly what I wanted and tasted delicious.”可知，做完发现正是自己想要的，finish“结束”，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填finished。 14．句意：现在我能做几道菜了。根据“Then I tried more recipes. Now I can cook a couple of...”可知，试了更多的菜谱，所以能做几道菜了，dish“菜”，a couple of修饰可数名词复数，故填dishes。 15．句意：我发现烹饪很有趣，似乎我有烹饪的天赋。根据“I find cooking is great fun and it seems that I...cooking.”可知，作者有烹饪的天赋，have a gift for“对……有天赋”，故填have a gift for。 16．feel down 17．sadder 18．begins with 19．to 20．to express 【导语】本文主要介绍了王维的《送元二使安西》所表达的强烈的惜别之情。 16．句意：时间过得很快，当你离开初中时，你可能会感到沮丧。根据“when leaving junior high school.”可知离开初中会感到沮丧，feel down“感到沮丧”，情态动词may后加动词原形。故填feel down。 17．句意：但是跟老师和同学说再见可能会让你感觉更难过。根据“to say goodbye to your teachers and classmates”可知跟老师和同学说再见可能会让你感觉更难过，sad“难过的”，much后加比较级。故填sadder。 18．句意：《送元二使安西》以一个美丽的早晨景象开始。根据“a lovely morning scene.”可知是以一个美丽的早晨景象开始，begin with“以……开始”，句子用一般现在时，主语是单数，谓语动词用单三。故填begins with。 19．句意：王想，西行将会充满困难。根据“The journey...the west”可知是指前往西部的旅程，应用介词to，故填to。 20．句意：王又请元二喝了一杯酒，以表达他的关心和良好的祝愿。根据“drink a cup of wine”可知再喝一杯酒是为了表达他的关心和良好的祝愿，express“表达”，应用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to express。 21．at least 22．habit 23．served 24．delicious 25．offers 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者不喜欢吃蔬菜，但是吃蔬菜是一个好习惯，因此为了帮助作者健康饮食，朋友教他如何烹饪美味的蔬菜。 21． 句意：据建议，每天应至少吃五种不同的蔬菜。根据“...five different vegetables every day.”并结合备选词汇可知是至少吃五种不同的蔬菜，此处应用短语at least“至少”。故填at least。 22．句意：把蔬菜作为每餐的主要部分是一个好习惯。根据“make vegetables a main part of each meal”并结合备选词汇可知，此处指每餐都吃蔬菜是个好习惯，应用habit“习惯”，空前有冠词a，所以空处填单数。故填habit。 23．句意：然而，有些人认为蔬菜不如肉类受欢迎，所以当蔬菜和肉一起上桌时，他们通常选择肉而不是蔬菜。根据“when vegetables are…together with meat”并结合备选词汇可知此处指提供蔬菜，应用动词“serve”，动词和主语“vegetables”是被动关系，空前有be动词are，因此此处应用动词的过去分词“served”。故填served。 24．句意：还有些人认为蔬菜的烹饪方式不够熟练，导致它们不够美味。根据“vegetables are cooked in an unskillful way”并结合备选词汇可知，此处应用形容词delicious“美味的”。故填delicious。 25．句意：为了帮助我拥有健康的饮食，我的朋友给我提供了如何烹饪美味蔬菜的好建议。根据“my friend…me good advice”并结合备选词汇可知此处应用动词“offer”，offer sb. sth.“为某人提供某物”，根据前后句可知句子的时态为一般现在时，主语“my friend”是第三人称单数，所以空处用动词三单。故填offers。 26．played 27．late 28．Through 29．winners 30．turn around 【导语】本文介绍了雷鬼乐歌手Matisyahu演奏的歌曲《一天》。 26．句意：《一天》是一首由美国雷鬼乐歌手Matisyahu演奏的歌曲。根据“a song...by US reggae singer Matisyahu”可知，本句缺少过去分词作后置定语，选词play“演奏”。故填played。 27．句意：雷鬼乐是20世纪60年代末诞生于牙买加的一种音乐流派。根据“was born in Jamaica in the...1960s”可知，本空构成表示过去的时间状语，in the late 1960s表示“在20世纪60年代末”，选词late“末期的”。故填late。 28．句意：这首歌以可爱的节奏和积极的歌词表达了对和平的希望和结束暴力的愿望。根据“...a lovely rhythm and positive lyrics, this song expresses a hope for peace...”可知，逗号前面缺少介词构成方式状语，选词through“通过”，位于句首，首字母要大写。故填Through。 29．句意：它告诉人们，在战争中没有赢家。根据“a wish for an end to violence”可知，歌曲表达了结束暴力的愿望，即反对战争（战争中没有“赢家”）；根据“there are no...in war”可知，本空缺少复数名词作主语，选词win，用其名词复数形式。故填winners。 30．句意：我知道总有一天一切都会好转。根据“this song expresses a hope for peace”和“So when negativity surrounds”可知，歌曲表达了对和平的希望，所以当人们被消极的情绪围绕时，对未来应该抱有积极的态度，选词turn around“好转”，在it’ll后面，用动词原形。故填turn around。 31．winning 32．realize 33． prevent 34．in your mind 35．comes 【导语】本文主要介绍了如何实现自己的梦想。 31．句意：这些梦想可以很大，比如获得诺贝尔奖。根据“These dreams can be very big, such as…the Nobel Prize.”以及备选词可知，这些梦想可以很大，比如获得诺贝尔奖；win“赢得”，动词；空前为介词“as”，其后接动名词形式，空处应填winning。故填winning。 32．句意：你试过实现你的梦想吗？根据“Have you ever tried to…your dream?”以及备选词可知，此处指实现你的梦想，realize“实现”，realize one’s dream“实现某人的梦想”，动词短语；try to do sth.“尝试做某事”，动词短语，空处应填动词原形。故填realize。 33．句意：这些想法会阻碍你实现梦想。根据“These kinds of thoughts…you from reaching your dream.”以及备选词可知，prevent sb. from doing sth.“阻止某人做某事”，动词短语；此句时态为一般现在时，主语为“These kinds of thoughts”，谓语动词动词应用动词原形，空处应填prevent。故填prevent。 34．句意：你必须做的第一件事就是把这个梦记在脑海里。根据“The first thing you must do is to remember the dream…”以及备选词可知，此处指把梦想记在脑海里，in one’s mind“在……的脑海里”；空处指的是“在你的脑海里”，应填in your mind。故填in your mind。 35．句意：但最大的困难来自你自己。根据“But the biggest one…from yourself.”以及备选词可知，此处指最大的困难来自你自己，come from“来自”，动词短语；此句时态为一般现在时，主语为“the biggest one”，谓语动词应用动词的第三人称单数形式，空处应填comes。故填comes。 36．connecting 37．main goods 38．such as 39．a choice 40．worth a visit 【导语】本文主要介绍了丝绸，并且作者建议去中国南京云锦博物馆了解丝绸。 36．句意：连接东西方的丝绸之路建立于汉代，有助于货物、思想和文化实践的交流。根据“the East with the West”可知丝绸之路连接东西方，现在分词connecting“连接”符合语境。故填connecting。 37．句意：中国丝绸是主要的贸易商品之一，远至意大利的罗马，并在沿途的许多文化中成为财富的象征。根据“Chinese silk was one of the”可知丝绸是主要的贸易商品之一，main goods“主要商品”符合语境。故填main goods。 38．句意：苏州、杭州、南京和绍兴等城市以其丝绸工业而闻名。根据“Cities...Suzhou, Hangzhou...”可知此处是举例一些城市，such as“例如”符合语境。故填such as。 39．句意：如果你想要一件中国礼物，一件旗袍也许是个不错的选择。根据“a Qipao might be”可知一件旗袍是一个很好的礼物选择，a choice“一个选择”符合语境。故选a choice。 40．句意：这座博物馆值得一游。根据“The museum is”可知博物馆值得参观，worth a visit“值得参观”符合语境。故填worth a visit。 41．successful 42．later 43．discovering 44．achievement 45．no doubt 【导语】本文主要介绍了嫦娥四号在月球背面着陆的信息。 41．句意：这是人类首次成功地在月球背面软着陆（“软”着陆是指航天器以可控的方式着陆）。根据“And it was mankind’s first...soft”及备选词可知，空处填形容词。success“成功”，名词，successful形容词，故填successful。 42．句意：12个小时后，小型“玉兔2号”探测器被释放。结合句子及备选词可知空处填副词，一段时间+later，表示“多久之后”，故填later。 43．句意：凭借它的仪器和相机，它将在接下来的几个月甚至几年里，在这项人类工程的伟大成就中发现月球的秘密。spend +时间+doing sth“花费时间做某事”；根据“it would spend the next months—perhaps even years—...the moon’s secrets”及备选词可知，发现月球的秘密，故填discovering。 44．句意：凭借它的仪器和相机，它将在接下来的几个月甚至几年里，在这项人类工程的伟大成就中发现月球的秘密。根据great及备选词可知，空处填名词。achieve“实现”，动词；achievement“成就”，名词，故填achievement。 45．句意：毫无疑问，这样的技术似乎是中国古代人无法相信的。分析句子及所给词可知，空处填“no doubt”，意为“毫无疑问”，故填no doubt。 46．heard of 47．spread 48．orders 49．traditional 50．successfully 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国传统服饰——马面裙变得越来越受欢迎。 46．句意：你听说过马面裙吗？“hear of”意为“听说”，由空前的Have可知应用现在完成时，故空处要用过去分词形式，hear的过去分词是heard。故填heard of。 47．句意：一开始很多汉服爱好者传播了马面裙的知识。由主语“The knowledge of the skirt ”可知空处表达“传播”之意，故选spread；又因知识是被传播，故用被动语态，空处要填spread的过去分词，且spread的过去分词与原形一样。故填spread。 48．句意：中国服装公司已经从国外获得了大量马面裙的订单。由上文“People in other countries like the horse-face skirts, too. ”可知，其他国家的人也喜欢马面裙，因此会收到来自国外的订单(order)，order在此为可数名词，由“a lot of”可知应用复数形式。故填orders。 49．句意：这些衣服融合了中国传统元素和现代设计。由上文“Besides the skirts, “new Chinese-style clothes” is also a hot topic.”可知，这是一种融合了传统元素的新式衣服，故选tradition，空处要用形容词形式修饰名词elements。故填traditional。 50．句意：它们已经成功地赢得了全世界许多人的心。结合选项可知，success符合句意，空处需要填副词修饰动词won，其副词形式为successfully。故填successfully。 答案第1页，共2页 答案第1页，共2页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$