专题17 完形填空（2024年新课标II卷） (专家评价+三年真题+满分策略+多维变式)-2024年高考英语新课标卷真题深度解析与考后提升

《2024年高考英语新课标卷真题深度解析与考后提升》 专题17 完形填空（新课标II卷）原卷版 (答案解析+专家评价+三年真题+词汇变式+满分策略+话题变式) 目录 一、原题呈现 P1 二、答案解析 P2 三、专家评价 P2 四、词汇变式 P3 (一)考纲词汇词形转换 P3 (二)考纲词汇识词知意 P3 (三)高频短语厚积薄发 P3 (四)核心考点单句填空 P4 (五)长难句分析 P4 (六)全文翻译 P4 五、三年真题 P5 (一)2023年新课标II卷完形填空 P5 (二)2022年新课标II卷完形填空 P6 (三)2021年新课标II卷完形填空 P6 六、满分策略（记叙文型完形填空满分策略） P7 七、话题变式 P11 变式一：完形填空异域文化风土人情话题高考真题4篇 P11 变式二：完形填空异域文化风土人情话题名校好题6篇 P14 ( 一、 原题呈现 ) 完形填空关键词: 记叙文；人与社会；定居意大利；异域文化风土人情；意大利饮食文化；邻里关系 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 When I decided to buy a house in Europe ten years ago, I didn't think too long. I liked traveling in France, but when it came to picking my favorite spot to ___41___, Italy was the clear winner. During my first visit to Italy, I ___42___ to ask for directions or order in a restaurant. But every time I tried to ___43___ a sentence of Italian together, the locals smiled at me and ___44___ my language skills. That encouragement helped me to get through the language ___45___. After I made Italy my permanent home, I discovered how ___46___ Italians are. Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to ___47___ me to close the window in my car when rain is coming. It's these small ___48___ of kindness that make a new country feel like home. As a foodie, the way to my heart is through my stomach, and nowhere fuels my ___49___ quite like Italy. Each town has its own traditional ____50____, and every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to another. Families ____51____ for big meals on Sundays, birthdays, and whatever other excuses they can ____52____. These meals are always ____53____ by laughter and joy. Whatever ____54____ life in Italy might have, the problems are ____55____ once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family. 41. A. study B. rent C. visit D. settle 42. A. planned B. struggled C. refused D. happened 43. A. string B. hang C. mix D. match 44. A. improved B. assessed C. admired D. praised 45. A. course B. barrier C. area D. test 46. A. open-minded B. strong-willed C. warm-hearted D. well-informed 47. A. remind B. allow C. persuade D. order 48. A. tricks B. promises C. acts D. duties 49. A. ambition B. success C. appetite D. growth 50. A. costume B. dish C. symbol D. tale 51. A. gather B. cheer C. leave D. wait 52. A. put up with B. stand up for C. come up with D. make up for 53. A. signaled B. confirmed C. represented D. accompanied 54. A. disadvantages B. meanings C. surprises D. opportunities 55. A. created B. forgotten C. understood D. identified ( 二、答案解析 ) ( 三、专家评价 ) 凸显文明互鉴，培养学生的中国情怀、文化自信、文化互促和国际视野 2024年新课标II卷通过精选语篇体现中华文明与世界文明的交流互鉴，引导学生增强文化自信、国家认同和家国情怀，同时拓展国际视野，在跨文化交流学习中增进国际理解。例如，试卷的完形填空选取的文本讲述了作者定居意大利的经历，作者是因为意大利人的热情和美食才选择该国作为定居地从而体验到了家一般的美好感觉，学生通过试题可以了解到异域的优秀文化。再如，试卷语法填空题选取的语篇报道了纪念中国古代作家汤显祖的雕塑和凉亭在英国作家莎士比亚故居落成的新闻，介绍了两位伟大作家之间的相似之处，展现了中西方文化的交流与融合，学生可以通过这篇文章了解到我国文化和英语文化的互相认同和促进，更能感受到人类文明共同进步的美好。 【中国考试·教育部教育考试院】 ( 四 、词汇变式 ) 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 一、考纲词汇词形转换 1. direct vt. 指引； → n. 方向；指示 2. encourage vt 鼓励 → n.鼓励 3. Italy n 意大利 → n. 意大利语 4.fresh adj.新鲜的 → adv 刚刚（fresh + -ly）； 5. laugh v 笑 → n. 笑声 6. food n. 食物 → n 美食家（food + -ie）； 二、考纲词汇识词知意 1. spot n ； 2. permanent adj ； 3. fuel v ； 4. settle v ； 5. appetite n 三、高频短语厚积薄发 1. when it comes to doing sth ； 2. struggle to do sth ； 3. ask for directions 4. every time… 5. smile at sb. 6. get through 7. string sth together ； 8. the language barrier ； 9. remind sb to do sth. 10. small acts of kindness 11. pass…from one generation to another 12. put up with ； 13. stand up for ； 14. come up with ； 15. make up for ； 16. be accompanied by 四、核心考点单句填空 1. When I decided ___________(buy) a house in Europe ten years ago, I didn’t think too long. 2. I liked traveling in France, but when it came to ___________(pick) my favorite spot to settle, Italy was the clear ___________(win). 3. During my first visit ___________ Italy, I planned ___________(ask) for directions or order in a restaurant. 4. But every time I tried ___________(string) a sentence of Italian together, the ___________(local) smiled at me and ___________(praise) my language skills. 5. That ___________(encourage) helped me to get through ___________ language barrier. 6. After I made Italy my permanent home, I discovered ___________ warm-hearted Italians are. 7. Neighbors will bring me ___________(fresh) made cheese and will come to my door ___________(remind) me to close the window in my car when rain is coming. 8. It’s these small acts of kindness ___________ make a new country feel like home. 9. As a foodie, the way to my heart is through my stomach, and nowhere ___________(fuel) my appetite quite like Italy. 10. Each town has ___________(it) own traditional dish, and every family keeps a recipe ___________(pass) from one generation to another. 11. ___________(family) gather for big meals on Sundays, birthdays, and whatever other excuses they can come up ___________. 12. These meals are always accompanied by ___________(laugh) and joy. 13. ___________ disadvantages life in Italy might have, the problems are forgotten once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family. 五、长难句分析 1. As a foodie, the way to my heart is through my stomach, and nowhere fuels my appetite quite like Italy. 【翻译】作为一个美食家，通往我内心的路是通过我的胃，没有什么地方能像意大利那样刺激我的食欲。 【分析】这是一个并列句，As a foodie是介词短语作状语；and连接两个并列的句子。 2. Whatever disadvantages life in Italy might have, the problems are forgotten once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family. 【翻译】无论在意大利的生活有什么不利之处，一旦你和朋友和家人坐下来吃大餐，这些问题就会被忘记。 【分析】这是一个复杂的主从复合句。Whatever disadvantages life in Italy might have引导让步状语从句，once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family引导条件状语从句。 六、全文翻译 十年前，当我决定在欧洲买房时，我没想太久。我喜欢在法国旅行，但当谈到选择我最喜欢的定居地点时，意大利显然是我的首选。 在我第一次访问意大利时，我计划问路或在餐馆点餐。但每次我试着把一句意大利语串在一起时，当地人都会对我微笑，称赞我的语言技能。这种鼓励帮助我克服了语言障碍。当我把意大利作为永久的家后，我发现意大利人是多么的热心。邻居们会给我带来新鲜的奶酪，并会来到我的门口，提醒我在下雨时关上车里的窗户。正是这些小小的善举让我对一个新的国家有了家的感觉。 作为一个美食家，通往我内心的路是通过我的胃，没有什么地方能像意大利那样刺激我的食欲。每个城镇都有自己的传统菜肴，每个家庭都保存着代代相传的食谱。一家人在星期天、生日以及他们能想出的任何其他借口聚在一起吃大餐。这些饭菜总是伴随着欢声笑语。无论在意大利的生活有什么不利之处，一旦你和朋友和家人坐下来吃大餐，这些问题就会被忘记。 ( 五 、三年真题 ) 【2023年新课标II卷完形填空】 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 In April last year, I saw a post on the PNP (Pilots N Paws) website from a family in Topeka. They had to move to Virginia but they were on a very tight 41 . They could not afford to pay for 42 for their dog, Tiffy, and 43 wanted to take her with them. It just 44 that I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen, who 45 to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia. What I was to do was fly to Topeka to 46 Tiffy. When I met Tiffy’s owners, they seemed very 47 . George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was 48 for him, having to leave his dog to a 49 and trust that everything would 50 . After some goodbyes, I asked George and his wife to help me 51 Tiffy into the plane. I promised to take care of Tiffy and 52 them as soon as we got to Kansas City. The flight was 53 , and Tiffy was a great passenger. The next day, she 54 with Karen and made it back to George in Virginia within a few days. He was so 55 and sent me a nice e-mail with pictures. It felt great to know that I had helped bring this family together again. 41. A. turn B. budget C. schedule D. connection 42. A. food B. shelter C. medicine D. transportation 43. A. desperately B. temporarily C. secretly D. originally 44. A. appeared B. proved C. happened D. showed 45. A. waited B. offered C. hurried D. failed 46. A. see off B. look for C. hand over D. pick up 47. A. confused B. nervous C. annoyed D. curious 48. A. hard B. fine C. common D. lucky 49. A. coworker B. passenger C. stranger D. neighbor 50. A. speed up B. work out C. come back D. take off 51. A. feed B. follow C. change D. load 52. A. call B. join C. leave D. serve 53. A. unnecessary B. unexpected C. unavoidable D. uneventful 54. A. returned B. fought C. flew D. agreed 55. A. thankful B. generous C. proud D. sympathetic 【2022年新课标I卷完形填空】 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B，C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Like many young people, Jessica wants to travel the globe. Unlike most of them, this 25-year-old is doing it 41 . She and her husband have spent the last two years traveling the world, stopping everywhere from Paris to Singapore. It might sound like one long, expensive 42 , but the couple has an unusual way to make their travel 43 . They’re part of a new form of the 44 economy: an online group of house sitters. Throughout their no-cost stays in 45 homes, they feed pets and water plants in the homeowner’s 46 . It’s not all sightseeing. The two travelers carefully 47 their trips, scheduling their days around the pets that are sometimes difficult to 48 . But house sitting also offers a level of 49 they can’t find in a hotel. “It’s like 50 at a friend’s house,” Jessica says. The couple has a high 51 rate in getting accepted as house sitters and they always go beyond the homeowner’s 52 . For Jessica, that means 53 plenty of pictures of happy pets, keeping the house 54 and leaving a nice small gift before heading to the next house. “You want to make the homeowner feel that they made the right 55 ,” she says. 41. A. indoors B. online C. single-handed D. full-time 42. A. game B. service C. vacation D. procedure 43. A. safe B. busy C. helpful D. affordable 44. A. local B. private C. sharing D. agricultural 45. A. strangers’ B. parents’ C. co-workers’ D. neighbors’ 46. A. favor B. defense C. honor D. absence 47. A. plan B. explain C. compare D. complete 48. A. buy B. transport C. choose D. please 49. A. support B. comfort C. control D. attention 50. A. cooking B. staying C. waiting D. studying 51. A. success B. survival C. growth D. unemployment 52. A. budget B. abilities C. expectations D. understanding 53. A. admiring B. donating C. sending D. borrowing 54. A. clean B. open C. simple D. empty 55. A. guess B. decision C. response D. impression 【2021年新课标I卷完形填空】 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳 Over the past 38 years, Mr. Wang has pretended to be someone else many times, and has even learned to ____41____ different dialects（方言），leading to him being described as an “Oscar-winning actor". The 60-year-old is not an actor, but a ____42____ However, he is more devoted to his “____43____ "than any real actor. In the 1990s, a group of thieves often sold stolen goods with the help of some beggars. To look into the ____44____，Wang disguised（伪装）himself and ____45____ the beggars. Dirty shorts and old shoes gave him the ____46____ of a real beggar and his convincing dialect soon won him the ____47____ of the beggars. “I often ____48____ them to drink alcohol. Once they were ____49____,they began to talk a lot," Wang said. “I'd then ____50____ myself to use the toilet, ____51____ what the beggars said, and send the ____52____ to my teammates.” Wang，who is often in ____53____ situations, is also a judo （柔道） master. “As long as I get close enough, no criminal can ____54____ from me," he said. Wang's ____55____ won him several honors, including a National May Day Labor Medal and 11 Citations of Merit, Paris. 41. A. teach B. compare C. assess D. speak 44. A. lawyer B. doctor C. policeman D. businessman 45. A. role B. study C. family D. audience 44. A. minor B. case C. future D. question 45. A. interviewed B. joined C. arrested D. assisted 46. A. challenge B. experience C. appearance D. freedom 47. A. vote B. sympathy C. permission D. trust 48. A. invited B. forced C. helped D. expected 49. A. drunk B. deserted C. bored D. lost 50. A. guide B. persuade C. excuse D. allow 51. A. refer to B. note down C. ask about D. miss out 54. A. plan B. agreement C. direction D. information 55. A. awkward B. dangerous C. unfortunate D. strange 54. A. separate B. recover C. escape D. hear 55. A. courage B. honesty C. kindness D. optimism ( 六 、满分策略 ) 记叙文型完形填空满分策略 记叙文类完形填空可分为叙事和记人两种形式，它们有几个显著的特点：以一般过去时为主，其他时态为辅；大量使用动词；适当出现直接引语。做题时要注意以下几点： 解题要领 内容解读 抓住文章中心 中心思想有助于明确做题方向，提高针对性。文章题目揭示中心思想；如无题目，抓文章开头结尾，尤其是议论抒情的语句，也可抓住文章的中心。 明确叙述角度 在做题时考生可采用“角色渗透法”，这样有助于走进作者的思维，深入理解文章的含义。 理清写作顺序 记叙文的写作顺序有：顺叙、倒叙、插叙、补叙、分叙，理清写作顺序有助于了解事情发展的来龙去脉，从而更迅速、准确地理解文意。 明确写作要素 弄清记叙文的6要素(5W1H)，即时间(when)、地点(where)、人物(who)、事件(what)、原因(why)、结果(how)，抓住这些写作要素，就基本上抓住了文章的主体。 洞悉写作目的 写作目的是借助叙事、写人或写景来阐明一个道理，给人以启迪或教益。 完形填空六大答题技巧 技巧一：据搭配，知答案 完形填空中，有时会涉及短语，以动词短语为主，偶见介词短语等。解题时，可以通过仔细观察和回忆所学知识，进行有效推断，选择正确答案。 例1 (2020·江苏)Being good at something and having a passion for it are not enough. Success 36 fundamentally on our view of ourselves and of the 37.events in our lives. 36. A. depends B. holds C. keeps D. reflects 【答案】A 【解析】上文提到仅仅擅长某件事并有激情是不够的，由此可知此处意为“成功从根本上取决于(depend on)我们对自己和对生活中所发生事件的看法”。 技巧二：重平行，觅逻辑 文章中的意群总是通过一定的逻辑关系连在一起，特别是并列平行的结构。这些结构要么通过标点符号体现，要么通过并列连词连接。一般来说，这些平行结构所表达的语境是一致的，考生解题时要特别注意这一点。 例2 (2020·全国Ⅰ)One day they’ll 47 and discover that everything they’ve always known about windows is a 48.lie. 47. A. win out B. give up C. wake up D. stand out 【答案】C 【解析】根据空格后的discover可知，此处表示总有一天孩子们会醒悟过来(wake up)。win out终于成功；give up放弃；stand out突出，显眼。 技巧三：破难句，解句意 完形填空的文章中会出现一些长句或难句，而它们往往会影响一些答案的选择。这时就要在理解上下文逻辑关系的基础上有针对性地对句子结构、句子特点进行分析，准确理解句意，明确所填选项在句中的语法功能，从而做出正确判断。 例3 (2020·全国Ⅱ)As he often did，he stopped by the “after work auction(拍卖)” 43 by the Italian police where things 44.found on the trains were sold to the highest bidder. 43. A. attended B. reserved C. cancelled D. run 【答案】D 【解析】根据上文中的auction“拍卖”和下文中的“by the Italian police”可知，此处表示由意大利警方管理(run)的“下班后拍卖会”。attend出席，参加；reserve预订，留出；cancel取消，废除。 技巧四：巧排除，降难度 在掌握文章大意和细节的前提下，考生可以通过试填试题中的选项选出最吻合语境、最衔接语义的选项，这种解题方法被称为“排除错项”。 例4 (2020·浙江)I ran desperately but failed to 45 .It crashed through a wooden fence and disappeared. 45. A. take off B. catch up C. hold back D. get out 【答案】B 【解析】根据上文的ran desperately和下文的拖拉机冲过一个木栅栏然后就不见了可知，作者没能追上(catch up)它。take off起飞；hold back忍住；get out出去。 技巧五：由熟词，知生义 一词多义和熟词生义是近几年高考不断出现的词汇活用现象。备考时应注意单词本义以及根据词根推断单词生僻意义。 例5 (2018·全国Ⅲ)Teresa 56.posted a photo of the chance meeting on a social networking website 57 by the touching words：“What a 58.blessing this young man was to our family！He was so 59 and kind to do this.” 57. A. confirmed B. simplified C. clarified D. accompanied 59. A. smart B. calm C. sweet D. fair 【答案】57. D。 【解析】特雷莎把照片发到了网上，并且配上(accompany)了感人的话语。confirm确认；simplify使简化；clarify澄清。 【答案】59.C。 【解析】 smart聪明的，精明的；calm冷静的；sweet甜的，友好的；fair公平的。根据语境可知，四个选项中与kind并列的是sweet。句意为：他做这件事真是太友好和善良了。 技巧六：词汇复现溯根源 词汇复现指的是某一个词以原词、近义词、同根词、反义词、上义词、下义词(如rose是flower的下义词，flower是rose的上义词)或其他形式重复出现在语篇中。词汇复现是语篇衔接的一个重要手段。值得注意的是：词汇复现作为一种命题风格，近年来越来越受命题者的青睐。我们解答完形填空时，要留心选项中是否有与上下文中的词汇相对应的词，利用词汇复现解题。 例6 原词复现——在上下文中同一词汇重复出现 一个单词在一个语义场中以同样的词形反复出现，有时兼有词形变化。如：上文中出现了transport与下文中的transportation可以看成是原词复现 (2020·全国Ⅰ)I hate lying to the kids. One day they’ll wake up and discover that everything they’ve always known about windows is a 48 . I wonder if 49.parents should always tell the truth no matter the 50.consequences.I have a very strong 51.fear that the lie we’re telling is doing... 48. A. dream B.lie C. fantasy D. fact 【答案】B 【解析】根据本段第一句中的lying以及下一段第二句中的the lie可知，此处应填lie(谎言)。 例7 同根词复现——词形变化的词汇复现 (2019·全国Ⅱ)A local farmer told them the dog sounded like one 50 as lost in the local paper.The ad had a 51.phone number for a town in southern Michigan. Ehlers 52.called the number of Jeff and Lisa to tell them he had 53.found their dog. 50. A. predicted B. advertised C. believed D. recorded 【答案】B 【解析】由下一句中的ad可知，此处应选B。advertise登广告。 例8 同/近义词复现——意思相同、相近的表达方式，或者解释性的词汇复现 (2020·全国Ⅱ)It was signed(签名) “Bonnato” or so he thought，but when he 51.researched it，he only found “Bonnard，” a French 52 he had never heard of. He bought a book and was 53.surprised to find a picture of the artist Pierre Bonnard sitting on the same chair in the same 54.garden as his father’s painting. 52. A. painter B. designer C. author D. actor 【答案】A 【解析】由上文中的Bonnard以及下文中的“find a picture of the artist Pierre Bonnard sitting on the same chair”可知，此处表示一位法国画家(painter)。artist与painter是近义词。designer设计师；author作家；actor演员。 例9 反义词复现——意思相反或对比性解释的词汇复现 (2019·全国Ⅱ)Ehlers eventually succeeded in coaxing the animal to him. Nervousness and fear were replaced with 49 .It just started licking(舔) Ehlers’ face. 49. A. surprise B. joy C. hesitation D. anxiety 【答案】B 【解析】根据空后内容可知，此处指小狗的紧张和害怕被高兴(joy)所取代了。 技巧七：逻辑关系解疑难 完形填空中主要考查七大逻辑关系：对立关系、并列和递进关系、目的和因果关系、条件关系、时间关系、层次和顺序关系、例证关系。 例10 并列和递进关系 并列和递进关系常用的标志词和短语有：and，or，neither...nor...，not only...but (also)...，similarly等。 (2019·北京)The students who he’s 15.driven have gone on to become physicians，teachers and engineers，but what they’ve also got out of their time in school is finding a role model and a friend in Wilson. Some students 16 call him “Grandpa”. 16. A. even B. ever C. once D. already 【答案】A 【解析】根据语境，此处表示这些大学生视威尔逊为楷模和朋友，甚至(even)亲切地叫他“爷爷”。 ( 七 、话题变式 ) 变式一：完形填空异域文化风土人情话题高考真题4篇 （2024·浙江·高考真题）While taking a 20-hour train ride along the edge of the Taklimakan Desert in northwestern China, I had the kind of humbling, educational, and above all else, wonderful 1 with a local that all travelers long for. A young Chinese man 2 me on the train. My 3 friend spoke virtually no English, so I happily took the 4 to practice my Chinese. Over several hours, he would tell me about how he had 5 a two-year professional school to quickly find a job 6 highways in order to help support his family. Perhaps the most 7 , however, was the fact that this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor. Without batting an eye, he would 8 a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American 9 as a whole. ”And what do you all learn about Russian authors?” I 10 him asking at one point. It would have been easy to 11 my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home. But this highly informed, 12 , and admirable person prevented me doing so. In the course of a couple of hours, he 13 me just how much one can gain from 14 with an open mind, and a willingness to 15 with locals from all walks of life. 1. A. experiment B. encounter C. competition D. appointment 2. A. treated B. saved C. lectured D. approached 3. A. true B. so-called C. new D. long-lost 4. A. chance B. advice C. trouble D. right 5. A. visited B. financed C. attended D. founded 6. A. building B. sweeping C. checking D. guarding 7. A. typical B. obvious C. natural D. remarkable 8. A. publish B. quote C. сорy D. download 9. A. writers B. historians C. workers D. students 10. A. anticipate B. imagine C. recall D. catch 11. A. look into B. rely on C. go over D. deal with 12. A. well-behaved B. multi-skilled C. warm-hearted D. self-educated 13. A. asked B. warned C. showed D. promised 14. A. traveling B. reading C. searching D. teaching 15. A. cooperate B. side C. negotiate D. engage （2023·全国·高考真题）Recently I was very busy and I needed a timeout. So I decided to drive to the supermarket and pick up dinner instead of doing my usual 16 . In the supermarket, I took fat and juicy chicken and some warm cornbread. As the cashier began processing my items, I 17 my bag for my credit card. However, I realized my wallet was not there. In 18 , I told the cashier I had left my money at home and apologized sincerely, offering to 19 my items to where I 20 them. Just at that moment the supermarket owner appeared, saying “Please, take everything home and 21 the dinner. It’s on the house tonight!” I tried to 22 the lovely offer but he 23 a dark chocolate bar near the counter and said, “Here! Take this, too!” His act of 24 lifted everybody present. I thanked him 25 for making my day. When I approached home, as I 26 into my driveway, I saw my next-door neighbor had just mowed my lawn (草坪). He was putting on the finishing touches, clearing the cut grass. Feeling 27 , I jumped out of my car and asked him how much he wanted for his 28 , to which he replied,“Nothing at all. The lawn needed doing.” He 29 me off summarily as he returned to his home. A second scoop of good 30 had landed in my lap, which again reminded me kindness is everywhere in the world. 16. A. walking B. cooking C. shopping D. teaching 17. A. reached into B. stared at C. put aside D. watched over 18. A. anger B. amazement C. satisfaction D. embarrassment 19. A. clear B. show C. pack D. return 20. A. bought B. put C. took D. ate 21. A. enjoy B. prepare C. donate D. deliver 22. A. appreciate B. withdraw C. decline D. ensure 23. A. looked at B. picked up C. showed off D. put away 24. A. courage B. generosity C. faith D. bravery 25. A. hurriedly B. curiously C. hesitantly D. sincerely 26. A. searched B. dug C. crashed D. pulled 27. A. regretful B. excited C. nervous D. energetic 28. A. efforts B. talent C. guidance D. goods 29. A. sent B. drove C. waved D. turned 30. A. appetite B. deal C. fortune D. reputation （2023·全国·高考真题）Many years ago, I bought a house in the Garfagnana, where we still go every summer. The first time we 31 there, we heard the chug chug-chug of a motorbike 32 its way down the hill toward us. It was 33 called Mario, coming to 34 us a box containing some tomatoes and a bottle of wine. It was a very nice 35 for him to make. But when we looked at the tomatoes, we were 36 because they were so misshapen: not at all like the nice, round, 37 things you get in a supermarket. And the wine was cloudy, in a funny old bottle with no label (标签) on it. These can’t be any 38 , we thought. But we were 39 his kindness, so we 40 them. What we discovered is that it’s 41 to judge what you eat only by its 42 . Those tomatoes had 43 that reminded me of the ones my uncle used to grow when I was a child. Nowadays supermarket tomatoes 44 perfect but taste of water. Nobody’s going to have a 45 memory of those. It’s a surprise they haven’t managed to grow square ones so that they can 46 them easily. Mario’s wine may have been cloudy and come out of an old bottle, but it was 47 . It’s good to eat things at the correct time, when they’re 48 , and as close as possible to where they were 49 . What Mario had 50 us was the taste of the Garfagnana. 31. A. waited B. met C. camped D. stayed 32. A. making B. searching C. squeezing D. feeling 33. A. customer B. neighbor C. relative D. passenger 34. A. lend B. send C. bring D. show 35. A. choice B. comment C. promise D. gesture 36. A. worried B. moved C. thrilled D. bored 37. A. simple B. real C. shiny D. fun 38. A. more B. good C. new D. easy 39. A. sympathetic to B. thankful for C. cautious about D. interested in 40. A. tried B. sold C. returned D. mixed 41. A. unnecessary B. uncertain C. unwise D. unusual 42. A. appearance B. quality C. origin D. price 43. A. size B. shape C. color D. taste 44. A. smell B. look C. become D. work 45. A. happy B. vivid C. short D. vague 46. A. clean B. check C. count D. pack 47. A. perfect B. useful C. convenient D. familiar 48. A. on view B. on sale C. in season D. in need 49. A. finished B. stored C. found D. grown 50. A. cooked B. given C. bought D. told （2017·全国·高考真题）While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life, college sets the stage for that exploration. I myself went through this 51 process and found something that has changed my 52 at college for the better: I discovered ASL-American Sign Language. I never felt an urge to 53 any sign language before. My entire family is hearing, and so are all my friends. The 54 language were enough in all my interactions(交往). Little did I know that I would discover my 55 for ASL. The 56 began during my first week at college. I watched as the ASL Club 57 their translation of a song. Both the hand movements and the very 58 of communicating without speaking 59 me. What I saw was completely unlike anything I had experienced in the 60 . This newness just left me 61 more. After that, feeling the need to 62 further, I decided to drop in on one of ASL club’s meetings. I only learned how to 63 the alphabet that day. Yet instead of being discouraged by my 64 progress, I was excited. I then made it a point to 65 those meetings and learn all I could. The following term, I 66 an ASL class. The professor was deaf and any talking was 67 . I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant. 68 , if there had been any talking, it would have 69 us to learn less. Now, I appreciate the silence and the 70 way of communication it opens. 51. A. searching B. planning C. natural D. formal 52. A. progress B. experience C. major D. opinion 53. A. choose B. read C. learn D. create 54. A. official B. foreign C. body D. spoken 55. A. love B. concern C. goal D. request 56. A. meeting B. trip C. story D. task 57. A. recorded B. performed C. recited D. discussed 58. A. idea B. amount C. dream D. reason 59. A. disturbed B. supported C. embarrassed D. attracted 60. A. end B. past C. course D. distance 61. A. showing B. acting C. saying D. wanting 62. A. exercise B. explore C. express D. explain 63. A. print B. write C. sign D. count 64. A. slow B. steady C. normal D. obvious 65. A. chair B. sponsor C. attend D. organize 66. A. missed B. passed C. gave up D. registered for 67. A. forbidden B. welcomed C. ignored D. repeated 68. A. Lastly B. Thus C. Instead D. However 69. A. required B. caused C. allowed D. expected 70. A. easy B. popular C. quick D. new 变式二：完形填空异域文化风土人情话题名校好题6篇 （23-24高三下·浙江温州·期末）Christmas didn’t feel like a holiday right now. A month earlier my two-year-old son had been diagnosed with autism (自闭症), and it came with many food sensitivities (过敏). That meant we had to 1 parties and Christmas cookies. Then what could I give my children? It really 2 me. It started snowing outside. First snow of the season. My five-year-old daughter was 3 , “Mama, snow! Everywhere!” Her 4 swept over her until my husband took her and her brother out to play in the snow. I watched them joyfully 5 enough snow to make a snowman. Even my little boy ran back and forth, touching the snow every few paces. And that was when a sudden 6 came to me. I had recently made mashed potatoes with almond milk and remembered they tasted normal. Maybe that would 7 for hot chocolate. I poured almond milk in a pan and melted chocolate chips into it. “Ha!” I yelled. My family returned 8 snow was getting heavier. While they were excitedly chatting about how it should snow forever, I 9 , “Hot chocolate! Who wants it?” My husband looked into my eyes, 10 . “Hot chocolate? Can he have any?” “Yes, it’s 11 .” I smiled. Just then my daughter was shouting about getting the Christmas tree out. After we 12 it up together, we enjoyed the hot chocolate, toasting (干杯) the first 13 of the season. Here, I was witnessing our first Christmas 14 , everyone participating in his or her own way. And it was 15 . 1. A. attend B. avoid C. hold D. ruin 2. A. upset B. interested C. frightened D. amazed 3. A. shouting B. comforting C. whispering D. requesting 4. A. satisfaction B. excitement C. nervousness D. fear 5. A. supply B. select C. gather D. remove 6. A. awareness B. desire C. silence D. inspiration 7. A. change B. work C. call D. apply 8. A. though B. unless C. when D. if 9. A. agreed B. continued C. cried D. joked 10. A. shocked B. embarrassed C. angry D. scared 11. A. typical B. simple C. common D. safe 12. A. set B. added C. turned D. made 13. A. tree B. snow C. holiday D. chocolate 14. A. present B. culture C. fortune D. tradition 15. A. ancient B. ordinary C. beautiful D. diverse （23-24高三下·江苏泰州·期末）As a kid, I often suffered from nosebleeds. My parents had some 16 of traditional Chinese medicine, and they said this was caused by my love for 17 fruits. Lychees, my 18 , had given me “too much heat.” But it didn’t stop me from eating them by the 19 . After we moved from China to Canada, lychees became harder to find. Whenever we drove to a Chinatown, I would 20 all the fruit markets for my red jewels. As I grow older, trying new fruits widens my horizons. Just when I thought I had 21 every pleasant fruity smell in the world, the lulo (龙葵) appeared at my regular fruit shop. Its taste left me wide-eyed and 22 . The strong, sweet flavor filled my whole house for days. It was such a 23 smell that I’d rather believe it was picked from a food scientist’s imagination. “What lasted is what the soul ate,” Jack Gilbert wrote in his poem The Spirit and the Soul, “The way a child knows the world by putting it into his 24 .” Each tasting is a chance to be 25 with my inner child. The experience is no less 26 than seeing the ocean for the first time, leaving me 27 what else this world has been hiding from us. I try most fruits only several times because I always love newer things. But there is one I keep returning to: the soursop (刺果番荔枝). When it is ripe, it tastes wonderful. Wait just one more day, 28 , and it starts to brown, giving off a terrible smell. Yes, it goes bad fast, 29 that life is too short. So don’t let our sweetest days 30 . “Taste” the joys around us as they come along. 16. A. prejudice B. knowledge C. application D. recognition 17. A. unusual B. unsafe C. unknown D. unforgettable 18. A. option B. recipe C. favorite D. privilege 19. A. half B. pile C. group D. dozen 20. A. search B. purchase C. consult D. approach 21. A. checked B. encountered C. contacted D. explored 22. A. tireless B. hopeless C. speechless D. restless 23. A. rare B. familiar C. terrible D. vital 24. A. mind B. pocket C. mouth D. heart 25. A. refreshed B. reunited C. recharged D. rearranged 26. A. rewarding B. practical C. meaningful D. memorable 27. A. understanding B. investigating C. wondering D. suspecting 28. A. though B. therefore C. otherwise D. instead 29. A. recommending B. promising C. ensuring D. reminding 30. A. set in B. slip away C. split up D. slow down （2024·河南郑州·三模）When I have a sad look on my face and my mind isn’t where it should be, my wife says, “You need to go home!” So, I get my plane ticket, pack my suitcase and 31 Sierra Leone, the country I escaped from in 1999 when a war over diamonds destroyed our 32 . The civil war lasted 11 years and ruined many schools, leaving children without an education or a future. It only seems 33 that I try to help the people in my home country, especially the children. In 2009, 10 years after I ran away, I believed it was time to rebuild and 34 the life we had before the war. With most of the schools ruined, it was a 35 task. The first one was the school in Mbureh village. With the help of several charities, the organization I work with raised enough money. The school was rebuilt and the children 36 me with smiles. I consider that payment in full. And it 37 me to do more. With each brick cemented (用水泥粘结) into place and each nail hammered, I thought about the kids who were now going to have a 38 . Workers and volunteers 39 day and night, rebuilding one school after another. After I returned to Canada, my wife could see the 40 in me. But something in my life here would always take my 41 back to the problems of my country. Sometimes it was wandering in the grocery store. All that food reminded me of the empty stomachs of the children overseas. Or sometimes it was the 42 I heard around me: The weather wasn’t just right or a flight had been postponed. “Go home,” my wife always said 43 . So, I’d return once again to build more schools, create more futures and see more 44 children. I’ve met many people who have the same heart as me and want to see the smiles of more children in Sierra Leone. We all know how much a smile can 45 us: It is payment in full. 31. A. head back to B. run across to C. move on to D. live up to 32. A. project B. expectation C. belief D. land 33. A. demanding B. hopeless C. right D. impossible 34. A. recall B. reconsider C. reclaim D. rewrite 35. A. responsible B. challenging C. sorrowful D. suffering 36. A. greeted B. praised C. encouraged D. paid 37. A. reminded B. pushed C. requested D. convinced 38. A. future B. choice C. goal D. family 39. A. designed B. thought C. labored D. created 40. A. value B. transformation C. disappointment D. satisfaction 41. A. mind B. solution C. stress D. chance 42. A. worry B. comment C. argument D. complaint 43. A. quietly B. firmly C. angrily D. patiently 44. A. helpful B. hardworking C. happy D. confident 45. A. enrich B. persuade C. improve D. sustain （2024·安徽六安·模拟预测）Orion Jean, a young boy from Texas, initiated an extraordinary mission of kindness and inspired others. His journey 46 when he participated in the National Kindness Speech Contest. Giving a speech about the 47 of kindness to transform a nation, Orion won a $500 cash prize. Instead of spending it on himself, he chose to use it to give those in need a 48 . So the little boy, who said his parents always taught him that “kindness is a virtue that should be 49 above all others,” came up with the idea of the Race to Kindness campaign. It 50 doing good deeds in his community. Orion set out to help children requiring medial treatment. He thought there was no better way to 51 a kid than a toy. So he used the 52 to buy as many toys as possible and 53 a toy fair to get over 600 fun toys donated to the Children’s Health Hospital in Dallas. After the toy fair, he launched a/an 54 “Race to 100,000 meals” to help food-insecure people in his community. 55 with a local nonprofit organization, he helped feed people who might not have had a meal for Thanksgiving. In May 2022, to provide books to children who lacked 56 to them, Orion launched the “Race to 500, 000 Books”. It centered on poverty-stricken areas, 57 those known as “book deserts”. The result? Many people 58 the chance to show their love to strangers. So the goal of “500, 000” was exceeded (超越). Orion’s story is an example of how a wave of positive change is 59 by one individual’s kindness. “The Race to Kindness” is grateful to everyone who comes together to be a 60 system in time of need. 46. A. ended B. occurred C. started D. continued 47. A. energy B. concern C. worry D. power 48. A. lift B. reward C. lesson D. shot 49. A. made B. prized C. said D. ignored 50. A. submitted to B. caught up C. cared for D. focused on 51. A. change B. contact C. amuse D. guide 52. A. donations B. change C. salary D. winnings 53. A. ordered B. delivered C. found D. organized 54. A. limited B. ambitious C. reliable D. genuine 55. A. Partnering B. Sharing C. Collecting D. Assisting 56. A. interest B. chance C. access D. time 57. A. especially B. naturally C. extremely D. suddenly 58. A. tried out B. jumped at C. turned down D. put forward 59. A. encountered B. generated C. supposed D. expected 60. A. food B. work C. life D. support （23-24高三上·四川乐山·期末）At an early age, I suffered from a serious digestive (消化的) illness. I 61 several doctors. Then, I 62 some blood test and it showed that I had a medical condition in which the body cannot digest food that contains gluten (谷蛋白). I was advised to stop eating milk products from my 63 for six months. After making these dietary changes, my digestive health 64 . After seeing how food affected my body and life, I developed a deep interest in nutrition (营养学). 65 , I went to study nutrition at the College of Naturopathic Medicine (CNM). I was 66 by the practical learning methods suggested by the experienced teachers and the interesting 67 given by them in class. In addition, I was amazed by how 68 my classmates were in sharing their knowledge and experience with each other. My time at CNM prepared me for 69 my own business and it was a great 70 for making friends and discovering opportunities. I now 71 at the Nordic Clinic in Stockholm three days a week. I see a variety of 72 with a wide range of common illnesses, 73 them to get well through nutrition. I love my work, because it feels meaningful and I'm making a 74 to other people’s lives. I can’t imagine retiring from work because I know learning never stops and I love 75 applying my knowledge and helping people in need. 61. A. comforted B. saw C. designed D. reminded 62. A. received B. organized C. found D. identified 63. A. taste B. treatment C. expectation D. diet 64. A. improved B. remained C. broke D. mattered 65. A. Therefore B. However C. Otherwise D. Besides 66. A. recommended B. reported C. corrected D. attracted 67. A. gifts B. changes C. lessons D. operations 68. A. disappointing B. generous C. boring D. successful 69. A. giving up B. setting up C. holding back D. cutting down 70. A. difficulty B. building C. platform D. playground 71. A. study B. work C. complain D. live 72. A. patients B. nurses C. teachers D. businessmen 73. A. needing B. permitting C. forcing D. helping 74. A. promise B. reference C. difference D. decoration 75. A. occasionally B. normally C. continually D. finally （23-24高三下·江西南昌·期中）I used to think my life was perfect. My mom had her dream job and a beautiful office, and I had my own room with a computer and a garden to 76 . But one Sunday, everything changed. A hurricane 77 our neighborhood while we were visiting my grandparents in Raleigh. Our kitchen was damaged, and our clean and comfortable home was in ruins. But something 78 happened. Our neighbors, the Flores family, came to our help. They helped clear broken pieces and 79 us a place to stay. Their 80 was most impressive. We had 81 spoken to them before, but they 82 their home to us and made us feel like family. We started a new 83 of having weekend dinner together. We invited other families from the neighborhood to join us, and our 84 were filled with laughter and delicious food. It was a beautiful thing to see our 85 come together in a disaster. I never knew Rosica, their daughter, before the hurricane. But she quickly became my friend. She had a gift for 86 , and our evenings together were filled with adventure and 87 . Looking back, I realize that the hurricane 88 unexpected advantages. It brought us closer to our neighbors and 89 our lives in ways we never could have imagined. Sometimes, it takes a(n) 90 to bring out the best in people. 76. A. search for B. try out for C. dream of D. care for 77. A. visited B. bit C. hit D. injured 78. A. significant B. typical C. scary D. unexpected 79. A. offered B. sheltered C. hired D. recommended 80. A. challenge B. kindness C. dilemma D. request 81. A. gratefully B. hardly C. entirely D. obviously 82. A. sold B. decorated C. opened D. showed 83. A. tradition B. account C. virtue D. business 84. A. recreations B. journeys C. dinners D. aims 85. A. family B. community C. volunteers D. supporters 86. A. storytelling B. singing C. exploring D. housekeeping 87. A. sincerity B. beliefs C. laughter D. disappointment 88. A. resulted from B. brought about C. made up for D. went off 89. A. saved B. relieved C. recorded D. enriched 90. A. adventure B. effort C. disaster D. party $$《2024年高考英语新课标卷真题深度解析与考后提升》 专题17 完形填空（新课标II卷）解析版 (答案解析+专家评价+三年真题+词汇变式+满分策略+话题变式) 目录 一、原题呈现 P1 二、答案解析 P2 三、专家评价 P4 四、词汇变式 P4 (一)考纲词汇词形转换 P4 (二)考纲词汇识词知意 P5 (三)高频短语厚积薄发 P5 (四)核心考点单句填空 P5 (五)长难句分析 P6 (六)全文翻译 P6 五、三年真题 P6 (一)2023年新课标II卷完形填空 P6 (二)2022年新课标II卷完形填空 P9 (三)2021年新课标II卷完形填空 P11 六、满分策略（记叙文型完形填空满分策略） P13 七、话题变式 P13 变式一：完形填空异域文化风土人情话题高考真题4篇 P16 变式二：完形填空异域文化风土人情话题名校好题6篇 P27 ( 一、 原题呈现 ) 完形填空关键词: 记叙文；人与社会；定居意大利；异域文化风土人情；意大利饮食文化；邻里关系 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 When I decided to buy a house in Europe ten years ago, I didn't think too long. I liked traveling in France, but when it came to picking my favorite spot to ___41___, Italy was the clear winner. During my first visit to Italy, I ___42___ to ask for directions or order in a restaurant. But every time I tried to ___43___ a sentence of Italian together, the locals smiled at me and ___44___ my language skills. That encouragement helped me to get through the language ___45___. After I made Italy my permanent home, I discovered how ___46___ Italians are. Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to ___47___ me to close the window in my car when rain is coming. It's these small ___48___ of kindness that make a new country feel like home. As a foodie, the way to my heart is through my stomach, and nowhere fuels my ___49___ quite like Italy. Each town has its own traditional ____50____, and every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to another. Families ____51____ for big meals on Sundays, birthdays, and whatever other excuses they can ____52____. These meals are always ____53____ by laughter and joy. Whatever ____54____ life in Italy might have, the problems are ____55____ once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family. 41. A. study B. rent C. visit D. settle 42. A. planned B. struggled C. refused D. happened 43. A. string B. hang C. mix D. match 44. A. improved B. assessed C. admired D. praised 45. A. course B. barrier C. area D. test 46. A. open-minded B. strong-willed C. warm-hearted D. well-informed 47. A. remind B. allow C. persuade D. order 48. A. tricks B. promises C. acts D. duties 49. A. ambition B. success C. appetite D. growth 50. A. costume B. dish C. symbol D. tale 51. A. gather B. cheer C. leave D. wait 52. A. put up with B. stand up for C. come up with D. make up for 53. A. signaled B. confirmed C. represented D. accompanied 54. A. disadvantages B. meanings C. surprises D. opportunities 55. A. created B. forgotten C. understood D. identified ( 二、答案解析 ) 【答案】41. D 42. B 43. A 44. D 45. B 46. C 47. A 48. C 49. C 50. B 51. A 52. C 53. D 54. A 55. B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者十年前选择在意大利定居的原因以及意大利的风土人情。 41.考查名词词义辨析，句意：我喜欢在法国旅行，但当谈到选择我最喜欢的定居地点时，意大利显然是赢家。A. study学习；B. rent租金；C. visit游览；D. settle定居。根据下文“After I made Italy my permanent home”以及“make a new country feel like home”可推知，此处指作者最喜欢的定居地点。故选D。 42.考查动词词义辨析，句意：在我第一次访问意大利时，我很难问路或在餐馆点餐。A. planned计划；B. struggled斗争、吃力地进行；C. refused拒绝；D. happened出现、发生。根据上文“During my first visit to Italy”可推知，此处指作者第一次到意大利，语言不通，很难沟通交流。故选B。 43.考查动词词义辨析，句意：我试着把一个意大利语句子串在一起，当地人对我微笑，称赞我的语言技能。A. string串起、连成一串；B. hang悬挂；C. mix混合；D. match配对。根据下文“a sentence of Italian together”可推知，此处指作者努力想用意大利语串成一句话。故选A。 44.考查动词词义辨析，句意：我试着把一个意大利语句子串在一起，当地人对我微笑，称赞我的语言技能。A. improved改进；B. assessed评估；C. admired钦佩；D. praised赞扬。根据上文“the locals smiled at me”以及下文“That encouragement”可推知，此处指作者尝试说意大利语，当地人赞扬作者的语言能力。故选D。 45.考查名词词义辨析，句意：这种鼓励帮助我克服了语言障碍。A.course课程；B. barrier障碍；C. area区域；D. test测试。根据上文“the locals smiled at me and praised my language skills. That encouragement helped me”可推知，此处指当地人对作者的鼓励帮助他克服了语言障碍。故选B。 46.考查形容词词义辨析，句意：当我把意大利作为永久的家后，我发现了意大利人是多么的热情。A. open-minded思想开明的；B. strong-willed思想坚定的；C. warm-hearted热心的；D. well-informed见多识广的。根据下文邻居的热心行为“Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door”和“close the window in my car when rain is coming.”可推知，此处指邻居是热情的。故选C。 47.考查动词词义辨析，句意：邻居们会给我带来新鲜的奶酪，还会在下雨的时候来我家门前提醒我关上车窗。A. remind提醒；B. allow允许；C. persuade说服；D. order命令。根据上文“I discovered how warm-hearted Italians are”以及下文“will come to my door”可推知，此处指热心的邻居在下雨的时候来作者家门前提醒他关上车窗。故选A。 48.考查名词辨析，句意：正是这些小小的善举让一个新国家有家的感觉。A. tricks技巧；B. promises承诺；C. acts行为；D. duties职责。根据上文“Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to remind me to close the window in my car when rain is coming.”可推知，此处指邻居们的善举。故选C。 49.考查名词词义辨析，句意：作为一个美食家，通往我内心的路是通过我的胃，没有什么地方能像意大利那样刺激我的食欲。A. ambition雄心；B. success成功；C. appetite食欲；D. growth发育。根据上文“As a foodie, the way to my heart is through my stomach”可推知，此处指做这是一个美食家，所以应该是刺激食欲。故选C。 50.考查名词词义辨析，句意：每个城镇都有自己的传统菜肴，每个家庭都保存着代代相传的食谱。A. costume服装；B. dish菜肴；C. symbol符号；D. tale故事。根据上文“fuels my appetite”以及下文“every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to another”可推知，此处指意大利各地都有传统菜肴。故选B。 51.考查动词词义辨析，句意：一家人在星期天、生日以及他们能想出的任何其他借口聚在一起吃大餐。A. gather集合；B. cheer欢呼；C. leave留下；D. wait等待。根据上文“Families”以及下文“with friends and family”可推知，此处指一家人聚集在一起吃饭。故选A。 52.考查动词短语辨析，句意：一家人在星期天、生日以及他们能想出的任何其他借口聚在一起吃大餐。A. put up with克服；B. stand up for支持；C. come up with想出；D. make up for弥补。根据上文“whatever other excuses they can”可推知，此处指家人们为了聚在一起吃饭而想出的理由。故选C。 53.考查动词词义辨析，句意：这些饭菜总是伴随着笑声和喜悦。A. signaled示意；B. confirmed确认；C. represented代表；D. accompanied伴随。根据下文“by laughter and joy”可推知，此处指家人们在一起用餐时伴随着欢声笑语。固定搭配“accompany by”译为“伴随”。故选D。 54.考查名词词义辨析，句意：无论意大利的生活有什么缺点，一旦你和朋友和家人坐下来吃顿大餐，这些问题就会被遗忘。A. disadvantages缺点；B. meanings含义；C. surprises惊喜；D. opportunities机会。根据上文“Whatever”以及下文“the problems”可推知，此处指在意大利的生活有什么不如意之处。故选A。 55.考查动词词义辨析，句意：无论意大利的生活有什么缺点，一旦你和朋友和家人坐下来吃顿大餐，这些问题就会被遗忘。A. created创建；B. forgotten忘记；C. understood理解；D. identified确认。根据上文“Whatever disadvantages life in Italy might have, the problems”以及下文“once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family”可推知，此处指无论在意大利的生活有什么不如意之处，跟家人们吃一顿饭就会忘记不愉快。故选B。 ( 三、专家评价 ) 凸显文明互鉴，培养学生的中国情怀、文化自信、文化互促和国际视野 2024年新课标II卷通过精选语篇体现中华文明与世界文明的交流互鉴，引导学生增强文化自信、国家认同和家国情怀，同时拓展国际视野，在跨文化交流学习中增进国际理解。例如，试卷的完形填空选取的文本讲述了作者定居意大利的经历，作者是因为意大利人的热情和美食才选择该国作为定居地从而体验到了家一般的美好感觉，学生通过试题可以了解到异域的优秀文化。再如，试卷语法填空题选取的语篇报道了纪念中国古代作家汤显祖的雕塑和凉亭在英国作家莎士比亚故居落成的新闻，介绍了两位伟大作家之间的相似之处，展现了中西方文化的交流与融合，学生可以通过这篇文章了解到我国文化和英语文化的互相认同和促进，更能感受到人类文明共同进步的美好。 【中国考试·教育部教育考试院】 ( 四 、词汇变式 ) 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 一、考纲词汇词形转换 1. direct vt. 指引； →direction n. 方向；指示 2. encourage vt 鼓励 →encouragement n.鼓励 3. Italy n 意大利 →Italian n. 意大利语 4.fresh adj.新鲜的 →freshly adv 刚刚（fresh + -ly）； 5. laugh v 笑 →laughter n. 笑声 6. food n. 食物 →foodie n 美食家（food + -ie）； 二、考纲词汇识词知意 1. spot n 地点； 2. permanent adj 永久的，固定的； 3. fuel v [名词动化] 增加，刺激； 4. settle v [熟词生义] 定居； 5. appetite n 食欲，胃口 三、高频短语厚积薄发 1. when it comes to doing sth 当涉及做某事时； 2. struggle to do sth 吃力地做某事； 3. ask for directions 问路 4. every time… 每一次…… 5. smile at sb. 冲某人微笑 6. get through 通过; 经历；打通（电话） 7. string sth together 组织（语言）； 8. the language barrier 语言障碍； 9. remind sb to do sth. 提醒某人做某事 10. small acts of kindness 善举 11. pass…from one generation to another 一代代传承下来 12. put up with 忍受； 13. stand up for 支持； 14. come up with 想到，提出； 15. make up for 弥补； 16. be accompanied by 当涉及做某事时 四、核心考点单句填空 1. When I decided ___________(buy) a house in Europe ten years ago, I didn’t think too long. 2. I liked traveling in France, but when it came to ___________(pick) my favorite spot to settle, Italy was the clear ___________(win). 3. During my first visit ___________ Italy, I planned ___________(ask) for directions or order in a restaurant. 4. But every time I tried ___________(string) a sentence of Italian together, the ___________(local) smiled at me and ___________(praise) my language skills. 5. That ___________(encourage) helped me to get through ___________ language barrier. 6. After I made Italy my permanent home, I discovered ___________ warm-hearted Italians are. 7. Neighbors will bring me ___________(fresh) made cheese and will come to my door ___________(remind) me to close the window in my car when rain is coming. 8. It’s these small acts of kindness ___________ make a new country feel like home. 9. As a foodie, the way to my heart is through my stomach, and nowhere ___________(fuel) my appetite quite like Italy. 10. Each town has ___________(it) own traditional dish, and every family keeps a recipe ___________(pass) from one generation to another. 11. ___________(family) gather for big meals on Sundays, birthdays, and whatever other excuses they can come up ___________. 12. These meals are always accompanied by ___________(laugh) and joy. 13. ___________ disadvantages life in Italy might have, the problems are forgotten once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family. 【参考答案】 1. to buy 2. picking, winner 3. to, to ask 4. to string, locals, praised 5. encouragement, the 6. how 7. freshly, to remind 8. that 9. fuels 10. its, passed 11. Families, with 12. laughter 13. Whatever 五、长难句分析 1. As a foodie, the way to my heart is through my stomach, and nowhere fuels my appetite quite like Italy. 【翻译】作为一个美食家，通往我内心的路是通过我的胃，没有什么地方能像意大利那样刺激我的食欲。 【分析】这是一个并列句，As a foodie是介词短语作状语；and连接两个并列的句子。 2. Whatever disadvantages life in Italy might have, the problems are forgotten once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family. 【翻译】无论在意大利的生活有什么不利之处，一旦你和朋友和家人坐下来吃大餐，这些问题就会被忘记。 【分析】这是一个复杂的主从复合句。Whatever disadvantages life in Italy might have引导让步状语从句，once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family引导条件状语从句。 六、全文翻译 十年前，当我决定在欧洲买房时，我没想太久。我喜欢在法国旅行，但当谈到选择我最喜欢的定居地点时，意大利显然是我的首选。 在我第一次访问意大利时，我计划问路或在餐馆点餐。但每次我试着把一句意大利语串在一起时，当地人都会对我微笑，称赞我的语言技能。这种鼓励帮助我克服了语言障碍。当我把意大利作为永久的家后，我发现意大利人是多么的热心。邻居们会给我带来新鲜的奶酪，并会来到我的门口，提醒我在下雨时关上车里的窗户。正是这些小小的善举让我对一个新的国家有了家的感觉。 作为一个美食家，通往我内心的路是通过我的胃，没有什么地方能像意大利那样刺激我的食欲。每个城镇都有自己的传统菜肴，每个家庭都保存着代代相传的食谱。一家人在星期天、生日以及他们能想出的任何其他借口聚在一起吃大餐。这些饭菜总是伴随着欢声笑语。无论在意大利的生活有什么不利之处，一旦你和朋友和家人坐下来吃大餐，这些问题就会被忘记。 ( 五 、三年真题 ) 【2023年新课标II卷完形填空】 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 In April last year, I saw a post on the PNP (Pilots N Paws) website from a family in Topeka. They had to move to Virginia but they were on a very tight 41 . They could not afford to pay for 42 for their dog, Tiffy, and 43 wanted to take her with them. It just 44 that I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen, who 45 to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia. What I was to do was fly to Topeka to 46 Tiffy. When I met Tiffy’s owners, they seemed very 47 . George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was 48 for him, having to leave his dog to a 49 and trust that everything would 50 . After some goodbyes, I asked George and his wife to help me 51 Tiffy into the plane. I promised to take care of Tiffy and 52 them as soon as we got to Kansas City. The flight was 53 , and Tiffy was a great passenger. The next day, she 54 with Karen and made it back to George in Virginia within a few days. He was so 55 and sent me a nice e-mail with pictures. It felt great to know that I had helped bring this family together again. 41. A. turn B. budget C. schedule D. connection 42. A. food B. shelter C. medicine D. transportation 43. A. desperately B. temporarily C. secretly D. originally 44. A. appeared B. proved C. happened D. showed 45. A. waited B. offered C. hurried D. failed 46. A. see off B. look for C. hand over D. pick up 47. A. confused B. nervous C. annoyed D. curious 48. A. hard B. fine C. common D. lucky 49. A. coworker B. passenger C. stranger D. neighbor 50. A. speed up B. work out C. come back D. take off 51. A. feed B. follow C. change D. load 52. A. call B. join C. leave D. serve 53. A. unnecessary B. unexpected C. unavoidable D. uneventful 54. A. returned B. fought C. flew D. agreed 55. A. thankful B. generous C. proud D. sympathetic 【答案】41. B42. D43. A44. C45. B46. D47. B48. A49. C50. B51. D52. A53. D54. C55. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者通过Pilots N Paws网站帮助一家搬家的人将他们的狗接到另一个城市的过程。作者和另一位飞行员一起完成了这次任务，最终成功将这只狗带回到了它的主人身边。 41.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们不得不搬到弗吉尼亚，但他们的预算非常紧张。A. turn转折点；B. budget预算；C. schedule时间表；D. connection联系。根据“They could not afford to pay for ___4___ for their dog, Tiffy,”可知，这个家庭的预算非常紧张。故选B。 42.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们付不起他们的狗Tiffy的交通费，又非常想带她一起走。A. food食物；B. shelter庇护；C. medicine药；D. transportation交通。根据“They had to move to Virginia but they were on a very tight ___41___ .”及下文可知，这个家庭的预算非常紧张，所以付不起他们的狗Tiffy的交通费。故选D。 43.考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们付不起他们的狗Tiffy的交通费，又非常想带她一起走。 A. desperately非常、拼命地；B. temporarily暂时地；C. secretly秘密地；D. originally起初。根据“wanted to take her with them.”可知，这家人非常想把狗一起带走。故选A。 44.考查动词词义辨析。句意：碰巧我和另一名飞行员Karen正在计划另一次PNP飞行，他主动提出要把Tiffy从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。A. appeared出现；B. proved证明；C. happened碰巧；D. showed展示。根据“I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen,”可知，碰巧的是作者和另一名飞行员正在计划另一次PNP飞行。故选C。 45.考查动词词义辨析。句意：碰巧我和另一名飞行员Karen正在计划另一次PNP飞行，他主动提出要把Tiffy从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。A. waited等待；B. offered提供、主动提出；C. hurried匆忙；D. failed失败。根据“to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia.”可知，Karen主动提出帮忙把狗Tiffy从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。故选B。 46.考查动词短语辨析。句意：我要做的就是飞到托皮卡去接Tiffy。A. see off为……送行；B. look for寻找；C. hand over移交；D. pick up接载。根据“What I was to do was fly to Topeka”和常识可知，作者需要飞到托皮卡去接Tiffy。故选D。 47.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我见到Tiffy的主人时，他们看起来很紧张。A. confused困惑的；B. nervous紧张的；C. annoyed恼怒的；D. curious好奇的。根据“George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was ___48___ for him, having to leave his dog to a ___49___ and trust that everything would ___50___ .”可知，这家人看起来有点紧张和不安。故选B。 48.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：丈夫George试着冷静下来，但我看得出来，这对他来说很难，他不得不把狗留给一个陌生人，并相信一切都会解决的。A. hard困难的；B. fine好的；C. common常见的；D. lucky幸运的。根据上文“was trying to be calm”以及下文“having to leave his dog to a ___49___ and trust that everything would ___50___ .”可推知，此处指把狗留给一个陌生人对主人来说很难。故选A。 49.考查名词词义辨析。句意：丈夫George试着冷静下来，但我看得出来，这对他来说很难，他不得不把狗留给一个陌生人，并相信一切都会解决的。A. coworker合作者；B. passenger乘客；C. stranger陌生人；D. neighbor邻居。根据“George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was ___48___ for him,”可知，要把狗留给一个陌生人。故选C。 50.考查动词短语辨析。句意：丈夫George试着冷静下来，但我看得出来，这对他来说很难，他不得不把狗留给一个陌生人，并相信一切都会解决的。A. speed up加速；B. work out解决；C. come back回来；D. take off起飞。根据“George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was ___48___ for him,”可知，让狗的主人George相信一个陌生人一切都会解决好，对他来说很难。故选B。 51.考查动词词义辨析。句意：道别之后，我让George和他的妻子帮我把Tiffy送上飞机。A. feed喂养；B. follow跟随；C. change改变；D. load装载。load into装入。根据“Tiffy into the plane.”可知，作者让George和他的妻子帮忙把Tiffy装入飞机。故选D。 52.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我答应过会照顾好Tiffy，一到堪萨斯城就给他们打电话。A. call打电话；B. join加入；C. leave离开；D. serve服务。根据“as soon as we got to Kansas City.”可知，作者承诺一到堪萨斯城就给他们打电话。故选A。 53.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这次飞行平安无事，Tiffy是个很棒的乘客。A. unnecessary没有必要的；B. unexpected意想不到的；C. unavoidable不可避免的；D. uneventful太平无事的。根据“and Tiffy was a great passenger.”可知，这次飞行一切都平安无事。故选D。 54.考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天，她和Karen一起坐飞机，几天后就回到了弗吉尼亚州的George那里。 A. returned返回；B. fought打仗；C. flew飞；D. agreed同意。根据“It just ___44___ that I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen, who ___45___ to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia.”可知，Karen带狗Tiffy飞往弗吉尼亚州。故选C。 55.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他非常感激，给我发了一封很漂亮的电子邮件，并附上了照片。A. thankful感激的；B. generous慷慨的；C. proud骄傲的；D. sympathetic同情的。通读全文，再根据“and sent me a nice e-mail with pictures.”可推知，此处指对于作者的帮忙，George非常感激。故选A。 【2022年新课标I卷完形填空】 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B，C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Like many young people, Jessica wants to travel the globe. Unlike most of them, this 25-year-old is doing it 41 . She and her husband have spent the last two years traveling the world, stopping everywhere from Paris to Singapore. It might sound like one long, expensive 42 , but the couple has an unusual way to make their travel 43 . They’re part of a new form of the 44 economy: an online group of house sitters. Throughout their no-cost stays in 45 homes, they feed pets and water plants in the homeowner’s 46 . It’s not all sightseeing. The two travelers carefully 47 their trips, scheduling their days around the pets that are sometimes difficult to 48 . But house sitting also offers a level of 49 they can’t find in a hotel. “It’s like 50 at a friend’s house,” Jessica says. The couple has a high 51 rate in getting accepted as house sitters and they always go beyond the homeowner’s 52 . For Jessica, that means 53 plenty of pictures of happy pets, keeping the house 54 and leaving a nice small gift before heading to the next house. “You want to make the homeowner feel that they made the right 55 ,” she says. 41. A. indoors B. online C. single-handed D. full-time 42. A. game B. service C. vacation D. procedure 43. A. safe B. busy C. helpful D. affordable 44. A. local B. private C. sharing D. agricultural 45. A. strangers’ B. parents’ C. co-workers’ D. neighbors’ 46. A. favor B. defense C. honor D. absence 47. A. plan B. explain C. compare D. complete 48. A. buy B. transport C. choose D. please 49. A. support B. comfort C. control D. attention 50. A. cooking B. staying C. waiting D. studying 51. A. success B. survival C. growth D. unemployment 52. A. budget B. abilities C. expectations D. understanding 53. A. admiring B. donating C. sending D. borrowing 54. A. clean B. open C. simple D. empty 55. A. guess B. decision C. response D. impression 【答案】41-45 DCDCA 46-50 DADBB 51-55 ACCAB 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了Jessica和丈夫通过当看房人来环球旅行的事情。在他们免费住在陌生人家里的过程中，他们会在房主不在的时候喂宠物、给植物浇水。这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很高，他们总是超出房主的预期。 41. D。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：与他们中的大多数人不同，这位45岁的年轻人全职从事这项工作。A. indoors室内；B. online在线的；C. single-handed单手的；D. full-time全职的。根据后文“She and her husband have spent the last two years traveling the world, stopping everywhere from Paris to Singapore.(在过去的两年里，她和她的丈夫周游世界，从巴黎到新加坡都在这里停留)”可知，这位45岁的年轻人全职从事这项工作。故选D。 42. C。考查名词词义辨析。句意：这听起来像是一个漫长而昂贵的假期，但这对夫妇有一种不同寻常的方式让他们的旅行负担得起。A. game游戏；B. service服务；C. vacation假期；D. procedure手续。结合上文可知Jessica在环球旅行，所以是假期。故选C。 43. D。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这听起来像是一个漫长而昂贵的假期，但这对夫妇有一种不同寻常的方式让他们的旅行负担得起。A. safe安全的；B. busy忙碌的；C. helpful有帮助的；D. affordable买的起的。对应上文“It might sound like one long, expensive”指听起来昂贵，但这对夫妇有一种不同寻常的方式让他们的旅行负担得起。故选D。 44. C。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们是共享经济新形式的一部分：在线看房者。A. local当地的；B. private私人的；C. sharing分享；D. agricultural农业的。根据后文“economy: an online group of house sitters”以及提到他们免费住在陌生人家里，可见是共享经济，故选C。 45. A。考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他们免费住在陌生人家里的过程中，他们会在房主不在的时候喂宠物、给植物浇水。A. strangers’陌生人的；B. parents’父母的；C. co-workers’同事的；D. neighbors’邻居的。根据上文可知他们在环球旅行，所以是住在陌生人的家里。故选A。 46. D。考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他们免费住在陌生人家里的过程中，他们会在房主不在的时候喂宠物、给植物浇水。A. favor帮助；B. defense防御；C. honor荣誉；D. absence缺席。根据上文“they feed pets and water plants in the homeowner’s”指在房主不在的时候喂宠物、给植物浇水。故选D。 47. A。考查动词词义辨析。句意：这两位旅行者仔细地计划他们的旅行，围绕着有时很难取悦的宠物安排他们的日子。A. plan计划；B. explain解释；C. compare比较；D. complete完成。根据宾语“their trips”指计划旅行，应用plan。故选A。 48. D。考查动词词义辨析。句意：这两位旅行者仔细地计划他们的旅行，围绕着有时很难取悦的宠物安排他们的日子。A. buy购买；B. transport运输；C. choose选择；D. please取悦。根据上文“the pets that are sometimes difficult to”指某些宠物很难照管，故选D。 49. B。考查名词词义辨析。句意：但照看房子也能提供一种在酒店里找不到的舒适感。A. support支持；B. comfort舒适，安慰；C. control控制；D. attention注意力。结合后文提到像住在朋友家，可见照看房子也能提供一种在酒店里找不到的舒适感。故选B。 50. B。考查动词词义辨析。句意：“这就像住在朋友家一样，”Jessica说。A. cooking烹饪；B. staying停留；C. waiting等待；D. studying学习。根据后文“at a friend’s house”指像呆在朋友家，应用stay at。故选B。 51. A。考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很高，他们总是超出房主的预期。A. success成功；B. survival存活；C. growth生长；D. unemployment失业。根据后文“rate in getting accepted as house sitters”可知此处指他们被接受为看房人的成功率，应用success。故选A。 52. C。考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很高，他们总是超出房主的预期。A. budget预算；B. abilities能力；C. expectations期待；D. understanding理解。上文提到这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很高，是因为他们总是超出房主的预期，所以成功率才高。故选C。 53. C。考查动词词义辨析。句意：对杰西卡来说，这意味着发送大量快乐宠物的照片，保持房子的清洁，在去下一个房子之前留下一份漂亮的小礼物。A. admiring钦佩；B. donating捐赠；C. sending发送；D. borrowing借来。根据后文“plenty of pictures of happy pets”指给房主发送宠物的照片。故选C。 54. A。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对杰西卡来说，这意味着发送大量快乐宠物的照片，保持房子的清洁，在去下一个房子之前留下一份漂亮的小礼物。A. clean干净的；B. open开放的；C. simple简单的；D. empty空的。根据上文可知，他们的职责就是照看房子，所以要保持房子的清洁。故选A。 55. B。考查名词词义辨析。句意：“你要让房主觉得他们做了正确的决定，”她说。A. guess猜测；B. decision决定；C. response反应；D. impression印象。是房主选择了他们当看房人，所以是房主做了正确的决定，故选B。 【2021年新课标I卷完形填空】 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳 Over the past 38 years, Mr. Wang has pretended to be someone else many times, and has even learned to ____41____ different dialects（方言），leading to him being described as an “Oscar-winning actor". The 60-year-old is not an actor, but a ____42____ However, he is more devoted to his “____43____ "than any real actor. In the 1990s, a group of thieves often sold stolen goods with the help of some beggars. To look into the ____44____，Wang disguised（伪装）himself and ____45____ the beggars. Dirty shorts and old shoes gave him the ____46____ of a real beggar and his convincing dialect soon won him the ____47____ of the beggars. “I often ____48____ them to drink alcohol. Once they were ____49____,they began to talk a lot," Wang said. “I'd then ____50____ myself to use the toilet, ____51____ what the beggars said, and send the ____52____ to my teammates.” Wang，who is often in ____53____ situations, is also a judo （柔道） master. “As long as I get close enough, no criminal can ____54____ from me," he said. Wang's ____55____ won him several honors, including a National May Day Labor Medal and 11 Citations of Merit, Paris. 41. A. teach B. compare C. assess D. speak 44. A. lawyer B. doctor C. policeman D. businessman 45. A. role B. study C. family D. audience 44. A. minor B. case C. future D. question 45. A. interviewed B. joined C. arrested D. assisted 46. A. challenge B. experience C. appearance D. freedom 47. A. vote B. sympathy C. permission D. trust 48. A. invited B. forced C. helped D. expected 49. A. drunk B. deserted C. bored D. lost 50. A. guide B. persuade C. excuse D. allow 51. A. refer to B. note down C. ask about D. miss out 54. A. plan B. agreement C. direction D. information 55. A. awkward B. dangerous C. unfortunate D. strange 54. A. separate B. recover C. escape D. hear 55. A. courage B. honesty C. kindness D. optimism 【答案】41. D 42. C 43. A 44. B 45. B 46. C 47. D 48. A 49. A 50. C 51. B 52. D 53. B 54. C 55. A 【分析】本文是记叙文。讲述了警察王先生在过去的58年里，多次假扮别人，甚至学会了说不同的方言，不顾危险混入犯罪团伙，成功破案的故事。 41.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在过去的58年里，王先生多次假扮别人，甚至学会了说不同的方言，这让他被称为“奥斯卡获奖演员”。A.teach 教授；B.compare 比较；C.assess评估； D.speak讲话 。根据“Mr. Wang has pretended to be someone else many times”可知，能扮成别人，还会讲不同的方言。故填D。 42.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位60岁的老人不是演员，而是警察 。A.lawyer 律师；B.doctor医生； C.policeman 警察；D.businessman 商人。根据“To look into the ________，Wang disguised（伪装）himself”以及“including a National May Day Labor Medal and 11 Citations of Merit, Paris.”可知，王先生是一名警察。故填C。 43.考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，他比任何真正的演员都更专注于他的“角色”。A.role 角色；B.study学习； C.family 家庭；D.audience观众 。根据“than any real actor.”可知，王投身于演员的角色中。故填A。 44.考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了调查这个案子,王伪装自己并加入了乞丐中。A.minor 未成年人，辅修；B.case 情况,案件；C.future 未来；D.question问题 。根据“In the 1990s, a group of thieves often sold stolen goods with the help of some beggars. ”可知，这是一起犯罪案件。故填B。 45.考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了调查这个案子,王伪装自己并加入了乞丐中。A.interviewed采访； B.joined 加入；C.arrested 逮捕；D.assisted协助。根据“To look into the”可知，他混入乞丐中。故填B。 46.考查名词词义辨析。句意：肮脏的短裤和旧鞋子使他看起来像一个真正的乞丐，他那令人信服的方言很快赢得了乞丐们的信任。A.challenge 挑战；B.experience 经历；C.appearance出现，外表； D.freedom自由 。根据“ Dirty shorts and old shoes”可知，这是描述外表。故填C。 47.考查名词词义辨析。句意：肮脏的短裤和旧鞋子使他看起来像一个真正的乞丐，他那令人信服的方言很快赢得了乞丐们的信任。A.vote 投票；B.sympathy 同情；C.permission 批准；D.trust 信任。根据“ his convincing dialect soon won him the”可知，他的方言讲得好，赢得乞丐们信任。故填D。 48.考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我经常邀请他们喝酒。一旦他们喝醉了，他们就开始说很多话。A.invited 邀请；B.forced 强迫；C.helped 帮助；D.expected期待。根据“them to drink alcohol”可知，为了套话，王先生请他们喝酒。故填A。 49.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我经常邀请他们喝酒。一旦他们喝醉了，他们就开始说很多话。A.drunk喝醉的； B.deserted抛弃的； C.bored 无聊的；D.lost失去的 。根据“them to drink alcohol”可知，话多是在喝醉后。故填A。 50.考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我会借口自己去厕所，记下乞丐说了什么，然后把信息发给我的队友。A.guide 引导；B.persuade劝说； C.excuse 找借口；D.allow允许 。根据“and send the to my teammates.”可知，为了发送出信息，王借口去厕所。故填C。 51.考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：然后我会借口自己去厕所，记下乞丐说了什么，然后把信息发给我的队友。A.refer to 指的是；B.note down作记录; C.ask about 询问；D.miss out 错过，遗漏。根据“what the beggars said, ”可知，王把乞丐醉后真言记下来。故填B。 52.考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后我会借口自己去厕所，记下乞丐说了什么，然后把信息发给我的队友。A.plan 计划；B.agreement 同意；C.direction 指导；D.information 信息。根据“what the beggars said, ”可知，这是重要信息。故填D。 53.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：王是经常在危险的情况下,也是一个柔道大师。A.awkward 尴尬的；B.dangerous危险的； C.unfortunate 不幸的；D.strange奇怪的 。根据“ no criminal can _______ from me,"”可知，经常处于犯罪分子中，这是很危险的情况。故填B。 54.考查动词词义辨析。句意：“只要我离得够近，任何罪犯都逃不掉，”他说。A.separate 分离；B.recover恢复； C.escape 逃避；D.hear 听到。根据“ is also a judo （柔道） master. ”可知，身为柔道大师，他不放过罪犯。故填C。 55.考查名词词义辨析。句意：王的勇气为他赢得了许多荣誉，包括一枚全国五一劳动奖章和11项嘉奖。A.courage 勇气；B.honesty 诚实；C.kindness 善良；D.optimism 乐观。根据“Wang disguised（伪装）himself”可知，王乔装打扮混入罪犯团伙，勇气可嘉。故填A。 ( 六 、满分策略 ) 记叙文型完形填空满分策略 记叙文类完形填空可分为叙事和记人两种形式，它们有几个显著的特点：以一般过去时为主，其他时态为辅；大量使用动词；适当出现直接引语。做题时要注意以下几点： 解题要领 内容解读 抓住文章中心 中心思想有助于明确做题方向，提高针对性。文章题目揭示中心思想；如无题目，抓文章开头结尾，尤其是议论抒情的语句，也可抓住文章的中心。 明确叙述角度 在做题时考生可采用“角色渗透法”，这样有助于走进作者的思维，深入理解文章的含义。 理清写作顺序 记叙文的写作顺序有：顺叙、倒叙、插叙、补叙、分叙，理清写作顺序有助于了解事情发展的来龙去脉，从而更迅速、准确地理解文意。 明确写作要素 弄清记叙文的6要素(5W1H)，即时间(when)、地点(where)、人物(who)、事件(what)、原因(why)、结果(how)，抓住这些写作要素，就基本上抓住了文章的主体。 洞悉写作目的 写作目的是借助叙事、写人或写景来阐明一个道理，给人以启迪或教益。 完形填空六大答题技巧 技巧一：据搭配，知答案 完形填空中，有时会涉及短语，以动词短语为主，偶见介词短语等。解题时，可以通过仔细观察和回忆所学知识，进行有效推断，选择正确答案。 例1 (2020·江苏)Being good at something and having a passion for it are not enough. Success 36 fundamentally on our view of ourselves and of the 37.events in our lives. 36. A. depends B. holds C. keeps D. reflects 【答案】A 【解析】上文提到仅仅擅长某件事并有激情是不够的，由此可知此处意为“成功从根本上取决于(depend on)我们对自己和对生活中所发生事件的看法”。 技巧二：重平行，觅逻辑 文章中的意群总是通过一定的逻辑关系连在一起，特别是并列平行的结构。这些结构要么通过标点符号体现，要么通过并列连词连接。一般来说，这些平行结构所表达的语境是一致的，考生解题时要特别注意这一点。 例2 (2020·全国Ⅰ)One day they’ll 47 and discover that everything they’ve always known about windows is a 48.lie. 47. A. win out B. give up C. wake up D. stand out 【答案】C 【解析】根据空格后的discover可知，此处表示总有一天孩子们会醒悟过来(wake up)。win out终于成功；give up放弃；stand out突出，显眼。 技巧三：破难句，解句意 完形填空的文章中会出现一些长句或难句，而它们往往会影响一些答案的选择。这时就要在理解上下文逻辑关系的基础上有针对性地对句子结构、句子特点进行分析，准确理解句意，明确所填选项在句中的语法功能，从而做出正确判断。 例3 (2020·全国Ⅱ)As he often did，he stopped by the “after work auction(拍卖)” 43 by the Italian police where things 44.found on the trains were sold to the highest bidder. 43. A. attended B. reserved C. cancelled D. run 【答案】D 【解析】根据上文中的auction“拍卖”和下文中的“by the Italian police”可知，此处表示由意大利警方管理(run)的“下班后拍卖会”。attend出席，参加；reserve预订，留出；cancel取消，废除。 技巧四：巧排除，降难度 在掌握文章大意和细节的前提下，考生可以通过试填试题中的选项选出最吻合语境、最衔接语义的选项，这种解题方法被称为“排除错项”。 例4 (2020·浙江)I ran desperately but failed to 45 .It crashed through a wooden fence and disappeared. 45. A. take off B. catch up C. hold back D. get out 【答案】B 【解析】根据上文的ran desperately和下文的拖拉机冲过一个木栅栏然后就不见了可知，作者没能追上(catch up)它。take off起飞；hold back忍住；get out出去。 技巧五：由熟词，知生义 一词多义和熟词生义是近几年高考不断出现的词汇活用现象。备考时应注意单词本义以及根据词根推断单词生僻意义。 例5 (2018·全国Ⅲ)Teresa 56.posted a photo of the chance meeting on a social networking website 57 by the touching words：“What a 58.blessing this young man was to our family！He was so 59 and kind to do this.” 57. A. confirmed B. simplified C. clarified D. accompanied 59. A. smart B. calm C. sweet D. fair 【答案】57. D。 【解析】特雷莎把照片发到了网上，并且配上(accompany)了感人的话语。confirm确认；simplify使简化；clarify澄清。 【答案】59.C。 【解析】 smart聪明的，精明的；calm冷静的；sweet甜的，友好的；fair公平的。根据语境可知，四个选项中与kind并列的是sweet。句意为：他做这件事真是太友好和善良了。 技巧六：词汇复现溯根源 词汇复现指的是某一个词以原词、近义词、同根词、反义词、上义词、下义词(如rose是flower的下义词，flower是rose的上义词)或其他形式重复出现在语篇中。词汇复现是语篇衔接的一个重要手段。值得注意的是：词汇复现作为一种命题风格，近年来越来越受命题者的青睐。我们解答完形填空时，要留心选项中是否有与上下文中的词汇相对应的词，利用词汇复现解题。 例6 原词复现——在上下文中同一词汇重复出现 一个单词在一个语义场中以同样的词形反复出现，有时兼有词形变化。如：上文中出现了transport与下文中的transportation可以看成是原词复现 (2020·全国Ⅰ)I hate lying to the kids. One day they’ll wake up and discover that everything they’ve always known about windows is a 48 . I wonder if 49.parents should always tell the truth no matter the 50.consequences.I have a very strong 51.fear that the lie we’re telling is doing... 48. A. dream B.lie C. fantasy D. fact 【答案】B 【解析】根据本段第一句中的lying以及下一段第二句中的the lie可知，此处应填lie(谎言)。 例7 同根词复现——词形变化的词汇复现 (2019·全国Ⅱ)A local farmer told them the dog sounded like one 50 as lost in the local paper.The ad had a 51.phone number for a town in southern Michigan. Ehlers 52.called the number of Jeff and Lisa to tell them he had 53.found their dog. 50. A. predicted B. advertised C. believed D. recorded 【答案】B 【解析】由下一句中的ad可知，此处应选B。advertise登广告。 例8 同/近义词复现——意思相同、相近的表达方式，或者解释性的词汇复现 (2020·全国Ⅱ)It was signed(签名) “Bonnato” or so he thought，but when he 51.researched it，he only found “Bonnard，” a French 52 he had never heard of. He bought a book and was 53.surprised to find a picture of the artist Pierre Bonnard sitting on the same chair in the same 54.garden as his father’s painting. 52. A. painter B. designer C. author D. actor 【答案】A 【解析】由上文中的Bonnard以及下文中的“find a picture of the artist Pierre Bonnard sitting on the same chair”可知，此处表示一位法国画家(painter)。artist与painter是近义词。designer设计师；author作家；actor演员。 例9 反义词复现——意思相反或对比性解释的词汇复现 (2019·全国Ⅱ)Ehlers eventually succeeded in coaxing the animal to him. Nervousness and fear were replaced with 49 .It just started licking(舔) Ehlers’ face. 49. A. surprise B. joy C. hesitation D. anxiety 【答案】B 【解析】根据空后内容可知，此处指小狗的紧张和害怕被高兴(joy)所取代了。 技巧七：逻辑关系解疑难 完形填空中主要考查七大逻辑关系：对立关系、并列和递进关系、目的和因果关系、条件关系、时间关系、层次和顺序关系、例证关系。 例10 并列和递进关系 并列和递进关系常用的标志词和短语有：and，or，neither...nor...，not only...but (also)...，similarly等。 (2019·北京)The students who he’s 15.driven have gone on to become physicians，teachers and engineers，but what they’ve also got out of their time in school is finding a role model and a friend in Wilson. Some students 16 call him “Grandpa”. 16. A. even B. ever C. once D. already 【答案】A 【解析】根据语境，此处表示这些大学生视威尔逊为楷模和朋友，甚至(even)亲切地叫他“爷爷”。 ( 七 、话题变式 ) 变式一：完形填空异域文化风土人情话题高考真题4篇 （2024·浙江·高考真题）While taking a 20-hour train ride along the edge of the Taklimakan Desert in northwestern China, I had the kind of humbling, educational, and above all else, wonderful 1 with a local that all travelers long for. A young Chinese man 2 me on the train. My 3 friend spoke virtually no English, so I happily took the 4 to practice my Chinese. Over several hours, he would tell me about how he had 5 a two-year professional school to quickly find a job 6 highways in order to help support his family. Perhaps the most 7 , however, was the fact that this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor. Without batting an eye, he would 8 a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American 9 as a whole. ”And what do you all learn about Russian authors?” I 10 him asking at one point. It would have been easy to 11 my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home. But this highly informed, 12 , and admirable person prevented me doing so. In the course of a couple of hours, he 13 me just how much one can gain from 14 with an open mind, and a willingness to 15 with locals from all walks of life. 1. A. experiment B. encounter C. competition D. appointment 2. A. treated B. saved C. lectured D. approached 3. A. true B. so-called C. new D. long-lost 4. A. chance B. advice C. trouble D. right 5. A. visited B. financed C. attended D. founded 6. A. building B. sweeping C. checking D. guarding 7. A. typical B. obvious C. natural D. remarkable 8. A. publish B. quote C. сорy D. download 9. A. writers B. historians C. workers D. students 10. A. anticipate B. imagine C. recall D. catch 11. A. look into B. rely on C. go over D. deal with 12. A. well-behaved B. multi-skilled C. warm-hearted D. self-educated 13. A. asked B. warned C. showed D. promised 14. A. traveling B. reading C. searching D. teaching 15. A. cooperate B. side C. negotiate D. engage 【答案】 1. B 2. D 3. C 4. A 5. C 6. A 7. D 8. B 9. A 10. C 11. B 12. D 13. C 14. A 15. D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一次在火车上偶遇了一个年轻的中国男子，在交谈中发现，年轻人见多识广、自学成才，是一个令人钦佩的人。 1. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在中国西北部的塔克拉玛干沙漠边缘坐了20个小时的火车时，其间我与一个当地人有了一种谦卑、有教育意义的，最重要的是，美妙的邂逅，这是所有旅行者都渴望的。A. experiment实验；B. encounter邂逅；C. competition比赛；D. appointment任命。根据后文“with a local that all travelers long for”指作者和当地人有了一次美妙的邂逅。故选B。 2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位年轻的中国男子在火车上向我走来。A. treated对待；B. saved拯救；C. lectured演讲；D. approached靠近。根据后文“me on the train”以及后文两人交谈，可知一位年轻的中国男子在火车上向作者走来。故选D。 3. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的新朋友几乎不会说英语，所以我很高兴地抓住这个机会练习我的中文。A. true真的；B. so-called所谓的；C. new新的；D. long-lost很久不见的。根据上文“A young Chinese man”可知，两人是在火车上认识的，所以是新朋友。故选C。 4. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的新朋友几乎不会说英语，所以我很高兴地抓住这个机会练习我的中文。A. chance机会；B. advice建议；C. trouble麻烦；D. right权利。根据后文“to practice my Chinese”可知，作者抓住这个机会练习中文。故选A。 5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时里，他会告诉我他是如何参加了一个为期两年的专业学校，以便迅速找到一份工作，修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。A. visited拜访；B. financed提供资金；C. attended参加，上(学)；D. founded成立。根据后文“a two-year professional school”可知，指这个年轻人去上了一个为期两年的专业学校。故选C。 6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时里，他会告诉我他是如何参加了一个为期两年的专业学校，以便迅速找到一份工作，修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。A. building修建；B. sweeping打扫；C. checking检查；D. guarding守卫。根据后文“highways in order to help support his family”可知，年轻人修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。故选A。 7. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，也许最值得注意的是这个人每天在辛苦的体力劳动之后花几个小时学习。A. typical典型的；B. obvious显然的；C. natural自然的；D. remarkable引人注目的。根据后文“this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor.”可知，这个人每天在辛苦的体力劳动之后花几个小时学习，这是最值得注意的品质。故选D。 8. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他会眼都不眨地引用翻译的爱默生的一段话，然后再询问美国作家对文学的整体影响。A. publish出版；B. quote引用；C. copy复制；D. download下载。根据后文“a translated Emerson passage”指引用翻译的爱默生的一段话，故选B。 9. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他会眼都不眨地引用翻译过的爱默生的一段话，然后再询问美国作家对文学的整体影响。A. writers作者；B. historians历史学家；C. workers工人；D. students学生。根据上文“a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American”以及后文“And what do you all learn about Russian authors?(你们对俄罗斯作家有什么了解？)”可知，年轻人对美国和俄罗斯的作家感兴趣。故选A。 10. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“你们对俄罗斯作家有什么了解？”我记得他曾经问过。A. anticipate预期；B. imagine想象；C. recall记起；D. catch抓住。根据后文“him asking at one point”可知，作者在回忆年轻人提过的问题。故选C。 11. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：对于这位从未离开过家乡几百英里的公路建设者，我很容易凭空想象。A. look into调查；B. rely on依靠；C. go over复习；D. deal with处理。根据后文“my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home”可知，年轻人从来没有离开过离家几百英里的地方，因此作者很容易依靠自己的假设对他进行判断。故选B。 12. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但这位见多识广、自学成才、令人钦佩的人阻止了我这么做。A. well-behaved行为端正的；B. multi-skilled多技能的；C. warm-hearted热心的；D. self-educated自学的。呼应上文“this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor.(这个人每天在繁重的体力劳动之后花几个小时学习)”，指这个年轻人的自学能力。故选D。 13. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿意与来自各行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。A. asked询问；B. warned警告；C. showed展示；D. promised承诺。根据后文“me just how much one can gain from”指年轻人通过自己向作者展示了一个人可以从开放的心态和愿意与各行各业的当地人交往中获得多少收获。故选C。 14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿意与来自各行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。A. traveling旅行；B. reading阅读；C. searching搜索；D. teaching教学。根据后文“with an open mind, and a willingness to”结合作者当时在乘火车旅行，所以是指带着开放的心态旅行，故选A。 15. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿意与来自各行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。A. cooperate合作；B. side边；C. negotiate协商；D. engage参与。根据后文“with locals from all walks of life”指和各行各业的当地人打交道，应用短语engage with表示“与……接触”。故选D。 （2023·全国·高考真题）Recently I was very busy and I needed a timeout. So I decided to drive to the supermarket and pick up dinner instead of doing my usual 16 . In the supermarket, I took fat and juicy chicken and some warm cornbread. As the cashier began processing my items, I 17 my bag for my credit card. However, I realized my wallet was not there. In 18 , I told the cashier I had left my money at home and apologized sincerely, offering to 19 my items to where I 20 them. Just at that moment the supermarket owner appeared, saying “Please, take everything home and 21 the dinner. It’s on the house tonight!” I tried to 22 the lovely offer but he 23 a dark chocolate bar near the counter and said, “Here! Take this, too!” His act of 24 lifted everybody present. I thanked him 25 for making my day. When I approached home, as I 26 into my driveway, I saw my next-door neighbor had just mowed my lawn (草坪). He was putting on the finishing touches, clearing the cut grass. Feeling 27 , I jumped out of my car and asked him how much he wanted for his 28 , to which he replied,“Nothing at all. The lawn needed doing.” He 29 me off summarily as he returned to his home. A second scoop of good 30 had landed in my lap, which again reminded me kindness is everywhere in the world. 16. A. walking B. cooking C. shopping D. teaching 17. A. reached into B. stared at C. put aside D. watched over 18. A. anger B. amazement C. satisfaction D. embarrassment 19. A. clear B. show C. pack D. return 20. A. bought B. put C. took D. ate 21. A. enjoy B. prepare C. donate D. deliver 22. A. appreciate B. withdraw C. decline D. ensure 23. A. looked at B. picked up C. showed off D. put away 24. A. courage B. generosity C. faith D. bravery 25. A. hurriedly B. curiously C. hesitantly D. sincerely 26. A. searched B. dug C. crashed D. pulled 27. A. regretful B. excited C. nervous D. energetic 28. A. efforts B. talent C. guidance D. goods 29. A. sent B. drove C. waved D. turned 30. A. appetite B. deal C. fortune D. reputation 【答案】 16. B 17. A 18. D 19. D 20. C 21. A 22. C 23. B 24. B 25. D 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者开车到超市去买晚饭，结账时作者发现自己没有带钱。超市的老板让作者把东西带走，不让作者付钱。当作者回到家，作者又看到邻居刚刚修剪了他的草坪。这一切让作者知道善良无处不在。 16. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以我决定开车去超市买晚饭，而不是像往常一样做饭。A. walking行走；B. cooking烹饪；C. shopping购物；D. teaching教学。根据空格前的“So I decided to drive to the supermarket ”可知，作者决定开车去超市买晚饭，而不再像往常一样做饭。故选B项。 17. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当收银员开始处理我的物品时，我把手伸进包里拿信用卡。A. reached into把手伸进……；B. stared at凝视；C. put aside放在一边；D. watched over监视。根据空格后的“my bag for my credit card”可知，作者一定是把手伸进包里拿信用卡。故选A项。 18. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：尴尬中，我告诉收银员我把钱落在家里了，并真诚地道歉，提出要把我拿的东西放回到原来的地方。A. anger愤怒；B. amazement惊愕；C. satisfaction满意；D. embarrassment尴尬。根据上一句“However, I realized my wallet was not there. ”可知，作者没有带钱包，所以，作者一定感到尴尬。故选D项。 19. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：尴尬中，我告诉收银员我把钱落在家里了，并真诚地道歉，提出要把我拿的东西放回到原来的地方。A. clear清除；B. show显示；C. pack包装；D. return放回。根据句意和下文的“my items to where I…”可知，因为没带卡作者一定是提出把自己拿的商品放回原处。故选D项。 20. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：尴尬中，我告诉收银员我把钱落在家里了，并真诚地道歉，提出要把我拿的东西放回到原来的地方。A. bought购买；B. put放；C. took拿；D. ate吃。根据空格前的“offering to　　4　　my items to where I…”可知，作者一定是提出把自己拿的商品放回远处。故选C项。 21. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：请把东西带回家，好好享用晚餐。A. enjoy享受；B. prepare准备；C. donate捐赠；D. deliver交付。根据第一段的“So I decided to drive to the supermarket and pick up dinner”和空格前的“Please, take everything home”可知，作者在超市买的就是晚餐，所以，超市老板一定是让作者把东西带回家，好好享用晚餐。故选A项。 22. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我试图拒绝这个美好的提议，但他拿起柜台附近的一块黑巧克力说：“给! 把这个也拿去!”A. appreciate感谢；B. withdraw撤回；C. decline拒绝；D. ensure确保。根据空格前的tried to和空格后的but可知，作者一定是想拒绝老板的好意。故选C项。 23. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我试图拒绝这个美好的提议，但他拿起柜台附近的一块黑巧克力说：“给! 把这个也拿去!”A. looked at看着；B. picked up捡起，拿起；C. showed off炫耀；D. put away收起。根据下文的“Here! Take this, too!”可知，老板一定是把巧克力拿起来递给作者。故选B项。 24. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的慷慨之举使在场的每个人都感到高兴。A. courage勇气；B. generosity慷慨；C. faith信仰；D. bravery勇敢。根据上文的内容可知，作者没有带钱包，老板不让作者付钱就带走商品，所以，老板很慷慨。故选B项。 25. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我真诚地感谢他让我开心。A. hurriedly匆匆忙忙地；B. curiously好奇地；C. hesitantly犹豫不决地；D. sincerely真诚地。根据空格后的“making my day”可知，老板的慷慨让作者很开心，作者真诚地感谢老板。故选D项。 26. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我回到家，把车开进车道时，我看到我隔壁的邻居刚刚修剪了我的草坪。A. searched搜索；B. dug挖；C. crashed碰撞；D. pulled（使车辆）转向。根据空格后的“into my driveway”可知，作者把车开进车道。故选D项。 27. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很兴奋，从车里下来，问他要多少钱。A. regretful遗憾的；B. excited兴奋的；C. nervous紧张的；D. energetic精力充沛的。根据上文的句子“I saw my next-door neighbor had just mowed my lawn”可知，作者的邻居帮助作者修剪了草坪，作者肯定为此感到兴奋。故选B项。 28. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我很兴奋，从车里下来，问他要多少钱。A. efforts努力；B. talent才能；C. guidance指导；D. goods货物。根据上文的句子“I saw my next-door neighbor had just mowed my lawn”可知，作者的邻居帮助作者修剪了草坪，所以，作者想为邻居付出的努力付钱。故选A项。 29. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他回家时匆匆挥手告别我。A. sent发送；B. drove开车；C. waved挥手；D. turned转身。根据空格后的off和“as he returned to his home”可知，邻居和作者挥手告别。故选C项。 30. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：又一好运落在我身上，这再次提醒我，善良无处不在。A. appetite食欲；B. deal交易；C. fortune好运；D. reputation声誉。根据上文的内容可知，作者接连遇到了两件好事——超市老板让他免费把食物带回家，邻居无偿为他修剪草坪。故选C项。 （2023·全国·高考真题）Many years ago, I bought a house in the Garfagnana, where we still go every summer. The first time we 31 there, we heard the chug chug-chug of a motorbike 32 its way down the hill toward us. It was 33 called Mario, coming to 34 us a box containing some tomatoes and a bottle of wine. It was a very nice 35 for him to make. But when we looked at the tomatoes, we were 36 because they were so misshapen: not at all like the nice, round, 37 things you get in a supermarket. And the wine was cloudy, in a funny old bottle with no label (标签) on it. These can’t be any 38 , we thought. But we were 39 his kindness, so we 40 them. What we discovered is that it’s 41 to judge what you eat only by its 42 . Those tomatoes had 43 that reminded me of the ones my uncle used to grow when I was a child. Nowadays supermarket tomatoes 44 perfect but taste of water. Nobody’s going to have a 45 memory of those. It’s a surprise they haven’t managed to grow square ones so that they can 46 them easily. Mario’s wine may have been cloudy and come out of an old bottle, but it was 47 . It’s good to eat things at the correct time, when they’re 48 , and as close as possible to where they were 49 . What Mario had 50 us was the taste of the Garfagnana. 31. A. waited B. met C. camped D. stayed 32. A. making B. searching C. squeezing D. feeling 33. A. customer B. neighbor C. relative D. passenger 34. A. lend B. send C. bring D. show 35. A. choice B. comment C. promise D. gesture 36. A. worried B. moved C. thrilled D. bored 37. A. simple B. real C. shiny D. fun 38. A. more B. good C. new D. easy 39. A. sympathetic to B. thankful for C. cautious about D. interested in 40. A. tried B. sold C. returned D. mixed 41. A. unnecessary B. uncertain C. unwise D. unusual 42. A. appearance B. quality C. origin D. price 43. A. size B. shape C. color D. taste 44. A. smell B. look C. become D. work 45. A. happy B. vivid C. short D. vague 46. A. clean B. check C. count D. pack 47. A. perfect B. useful C. convenient D. familiar 48. A. on view B. on sale C. in season D. in need 49. A. finished B. stored C. found D. grown 50. A. cooked B. given C. bought D. told 【答案】 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. D 36. A 37. C 38. B 39. B 40. A 41. C 42. A 43. D 44. B 45. A 46. D 47. A 48. C 49. D 50. B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的邻居马里奥给作者一家送了一个盒子，盒子里是自己种的西红柿和酿的酒，刚开始作者一家因为西红柿畸形的外表，和酒的浑浊感到不是很好，但是尝试过后，发现比超市的好，让作者明白仅仅以外表来判断食物是否好吃是不明智的。 31. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们第一次住在那里的时候，我们听到了一辆摩托车从山上向我们开过来的嘎吱嘎吱的声音。A. waited等待；B. met遇见；C. camped露营；D. stayed暂住。根据前文“Many years ago, I bought a house in the Garfagnana, where we still go every summer.”可知，作者在当地买了房子，所以是第一次住在那里。故选D项。 32. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们第一次住在那里的时候，我们听到了一辆摩托车从山上向我们开过来的嘎吱嘎吱的声音。A. making使；让；B. searching搜索；C. squeezing挤压；D. feeling感觉。根据后文“coming to　　　4　　　us a box containing some tomatoes and a bottle of wine.”可知，摩托车是开过来给我们送东西的，所以make one’s way复合语境，为固定搭配，意为“前往”。故选A项。 33. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：那是邻居马里奥，他给我们带来了一个盒子，里面装着一些西红柿和一瓶酒。A. customer顾客；B. neighbor邻居；C. relative亲戚；D. passenger乘客。根据前文“we heard the chug chug-chug of a motorbike　　2　　its way down the hill toward us.”以及最后一句“What Mario had 　　20　　　us was the taste of the Garfagnana”可知，马里奥是从山上下来的，送来了当地的食物，可推测是作者的邻居。故选B项。 34. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那是邻居马里奥，他给我们带来了一个盒子，里面装着一些西红柿和一瓶酒。A. lend借出；B. send发送；C. bring带来；D. show展示。根据后文“It was a very nice　　　5　　　for him to make.”可知，马里奥很友好，所以是给作者一家带来一个盒子。故选C项。 35. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他这么做真是太好了。A. choice选择；B. comment议论；C. promise诺言；D. gesture姿态。根据前文“coming to　　　4　　　us a box containing some tomatoes and a bottle of wine.”可知，马里奥给作者一家带来一盒子的西红柿和酒，所以是好的姿态。故选D项。 36. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但当我们看着那些西红柿时，我们是担心的，因为它们是非常畸形的：一点也不像你在超市里买到的那种漂亮的、圆的、闪亮的样子。A. worried担心的；B. moved感动的；C. thrilled兴奋的；D. bored感到厌倦的。根据后文“because they were so misshapen”可知，西红柿是畸形的，所以作者一家很担心是否能吃。故选A项。 37. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但当我们看着那些西红柿时，我们是担心的，因为它们是非常畸形的：一点也不像你在超市里买到的那种漂亮的、圆的、闪亮的样子。A. simple简单的；B. real真实的；C. shiny闪亮的；D. fun有趣的。根据前文“not at all like the nice, round”可知，空处是在形容超市里的西红柿，和前文的“nice, round”并列，结合选项，应是“shiny闪亮的”符合实际。故选C项。 38. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们想，这些肯定不好。A. more更多的；B. good好的；C. new新的；D. easy容易的。根据前文“But when we looked at the tomatoes, we were 　6　because they were so misshapen: not at all like the nice, round, 　7　　things you get in a supermarket. And the wine was cloudy, in a funny old bottle with no label (标签) on it.”可知，马里奥带来的西红柿和酒都不好，因此作者一家认为这些都不可能好。故选B项。 39. 考查形容词短语辨析。句意：但我们很感谢他的好意，所以我们试了试。A. sympathetic to同情；B. thankful for对……表示感谢；C. cautious about谨慎对待；D. interested in对……感兴趣。根据前文“It was　　　3　　　called Mario, coming to　4　us a box containing some tomatoes and a bottle of wine.”可知，西红柿和酒是邻居送的，所以应该是很感谢他。故选B项。 40. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我们很感谢他的好意，所以我们试了试。A. tried尝试；B. sold出售；C. returned回来；D. mixed混合。根据后文“Those tomatoes had　13　　that reminded me of the ones my uncle used to grow when I was a child.”可知，马里奥送的西红柿让作者想起了小时候叔叔种的西红柿，所以推知，他们是尝试了。故选A项。 41. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们发现，仅仅以外表来判断你吃的东西是否好吃是不明智的。A. unnecessary不需要的；B. uncertain无把握；C. unwise不明智的；D. unusual特别的。结合前后文，可知，作者一家刚开始看到马里奥送的西红柿是畸形的，对其感到担心，但是后来发现，它的味道，比超市的西红柿要好，所以此处应是根据外观来判断你吃的东西是不明智的。故选C项。 42. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们发现，仅仅以外表来判断你的吃的东西是否好吃是不明智的。A. appearance外观；B. quality质量；C. origin源头；D. price价格。根据前文“we were　　6　because they were so misshapen”可知，此处应是通过外观来评判。故选A项。 43. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：那些西红柿的味道让我想起了我小时候叔叔种的西红柿。A. size尺寸；B. shape形状；C. color颜色；D. taste味道。根据后文“Nowadays supermarket tomatoes　　14　　perfect but taste of water.”可知，此处应是用马里奥送的西红柿和超市的西红柿作对比，马里奥送的西红柿外观差，但是味道好，让作者想起了小时候叔叔种的西红柿。故选D项。 44. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在超市里的西红柿看起来很好，但味道像水。A. smell闻起来；B. look看起来；C. become变成；D. work工作。根据前文“not at all like the nice, round,　7　　hings you get in a supermarket.”可知，超市的西红柿看起来很完美。故选B项。 45. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：没有人会对那些有快乐的记忆。A. happy快乐的；B. vivid清晰的；C. short短的；D. vague模糊的。根据前文“Nowadays supermarket tomatoes　　14　　perfect but taste of water.”可知，超市的西红柿，看起来很好，但是吃起来像水，因此没有将会有快乐的记忆。故选A项。 46. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，他们没有设法种植方形的，这样他们就可以方便地包装它们。A. clean打扫；B. check检查；C. count计数；D. pack打包。根据前文“It’s a surprise they haven’t managed to grow square ones”结合实际，可知方形的易包装。故选D项。 47. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：马里奥的酒可能是混浊的，而且是从一个旧瓶子里出来的，但它是完美的。A. perfect完美的；B. useful有用的；C. convenient便利的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据前文“Mario’s wine may have been cloudy and come out of an old bottle”以及空前的but可知，此处表转折，结合选项，此处应是“马里奥的酒可能是混浊的，而且是从一个旧瓶子里出来的，但它是完美的”之意，符合实际。故选A项。 48. 考查介词短语辨析。句意：在合适的时间，当它们是应季的时候，并且尽可能靠近它们生长的地方，吃东西是好的。A. on view在展出；B. on sale出售；C. in season当令的；D. in need困难中的。根据前文“It’s good to eat things at the correct time”可知，在合适的时间，也就是食物应季，当令的时候吃该食物口感是最好的。故选C项。 49. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在合适的时间，当它们是应季的时候，尽可能靠近它们生长的地方，吃东西是好的。A. finished完成；B. stored贮存；C. found找到；D. grown成长。根据前文“It’s good to eat things”以及“as close as possible to where”可知，此处在讲在合适的时间吃东西是好的，根据where推断涉及地点，结合实际，应是在靠近它们生长的地方，摘下来吃，能保持新鲜，是好的，符合题意。故选D项。 50. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：马里奥给我们的是Garfagnana的味道。A. cooked烹饪；B. given给；C. bought买；D. told告诉。根据前文“It was　3　called Mario, coming to　4　　us a box containing some tormatoes and a bottle of wine.”可知，应该是马里奥给作者一家的。故选B项。 （2017·全国·高考真题）While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life, college sets the stage for that exploration. I myself went through this 51 process and found something that has changed my 52 at college for the better: I discovered ASL-American Sign Language. I never felt an urge to 53 any sign language before. My entire family is hearing, and so are all my friends. The 54 language were enough in all my interactions(交往). Little did I know that I would discover my 55 for ASL. The 56 began during my first week at college. I watched as the ASL Club 57 their translation of a song. Both the hand movements and the very 58 of communicating without speaking 59 me. What I saw was completely unlike anything I had experienced in the 60 . This newness just left me 61 more. After that, feeling the need to 62 further, I decided to drop in on one of ASL club’s meetings. I only learned how to 63 the alphabet that day. Yet instead of being discouraged by my 64 progress, I was excited. I then made it a point to 65 those meetings and learn all I could. The following term, I 66 an ASL class. The professor was deaf and any talking was 67 . I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant. 68 , if there had been any talking, it would have 69 us to learn less. Now, I appreciate the silence and the 70 way of communication it opens. 51. A. searching B. planning C. natural D. formal 52. A. progress B. experience C. major D. opinion 53. A. choose B. read C. learn D. create 54. A. official B. foreign C. body D. spoken 55. A. love B. concern C. goal D. request 56. A. meeting B. trip C. story D. task 57. A. recorded B. performed C. recited D. discussed 58. A. idea B. amount C. dream D. reason 59. A. disturbed B. supported C. embarrassed D. attracted 60. A. end B. past C. course D. distance 61. A. showing B. acting C. saying D. wanting 62. A. exercise B. explore C. express D. explain 63. A. print B. write C. sign D. count 64. A. slow B. steady C. normal D. obvious 65. A. chair B. sponsor C. attend D. organize 66. A. missed B. passed C. gave up D. registered for 67. A. forbidden B. welcomed C. ignored D. repeated 68. A. Lastly B. Thus C. Instead D. However 69. A. required B. caused C. allowed D. expected 70. A. easy B. popular C. quick D. new 【答案】 51. A 52. B 53. C 54. D 55. A 56. C 57. B 58. A 59. D 60. B 61. D 62. B 63. C 64. A 65. C 66. D 67. A 68. C 69. B 70. D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者在大学学美国手语的经历，让作者学会了去欣赏这种无声的表达方式，也让作者开启了新的交流方式。 51. 考查动词和形容词词义辨析。句意：我自己也经历了这个寻找的过程，发现了一些让我在大学的经历变得更好的东西：我发现了美国手语。A. searching搜索；B. planning计划；C. natural自然的；D. formal正式的。根据前文的“While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life, college sets the stage for that exploration.”可知，大学就是一个探索的过程，为我们新的探索奠定基础，因此可知，作者上大学后也经历了寻找某种东西的过程。故选A项。 52. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我自己也经历了这个寻找的过程，发现了一些让我在大学的经历变得更好的东西：我发现了美国手语。A. progress进步，进展；B. experience经历；C. major专业；D. opinion观点。根据后文“at college for the better: I discovered ASL-American Sign Language”以及“Now, I appreciate the silence and the 20 way of communication it opens.”可知，作者在大学发现了美国手语，而这一发现也让作者在后来学会去欣赏这种无声的表达方式，因此可知，这个发现让作者大学的经历变得更好。故选B项。 53. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我以前从未有过学习任何手语的冲动。A. choose选择；B. read阅读；C. learn学习；D. create创造。根据后文“After that, feeling the need to 12 further, I decided to drop in on one of ASL club’s meetings. I only learned how to 13 the alphabet that day.”可知，作者在了解了这一种手语后，对此充满兴趣，想要了解更多，有想要学习这种手语的冲动。故选C项。 54. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我所有的互动中，口语已经足够了。A. official官方的；B. foreign外国的；C. body身体的；D. spoken口语的。根据前文“My entire family is hearing, and so are all my friends.”以及后文“were enough in all my interactions(交往)”可知，作者生活当中用不到手语，因为身边的人都是听力正常的，所以作者觉得口语交流足够了。故选D项。 55. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不知道我会发现我对美国手语的爱。A. love爱；B. concern关注；C. goal目标；D. request请求。根据后文“After that, feeling the need to 12 further, I decided to drop in on one of ASL club’s meetings.”可知，作者喜欢上了这种手语，想要去探索更多关于这种手语，因此可知，作者从来不知道自己有一天会爱上这种手语。故选A 项。 56. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：故事开始于我上大学的第一周。A. meeting会议；B. trip旅行；C. story故事；D. task任务。根据后文“I watched as the ASL Club 7 their translation of a song.”可知，作者是在一次观看手语俱乐部的表演才知道了这种手语，才喜欢上了这种手语，因此可知，此处讲的是事情是怎么发生的，即故事是怎么开始的。故选C项。 57. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看着美国手语俱乐部表演他们翻译的一首歌。A. recorded记录；B. performed表演；C. recited背诵；D. discussed讨论。根据后文“their translation of a song. Both the hand movements and the very 8 of communicating without speaking 9 me.”可知，作者是被他们通过肢体语言来去演绎一首歌而吸引住了，从此爱上了手语，因此可知作者是看了手语俱乐部的表演。故选B项。 58. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：手部动作和不说话交流的想法都吸引了我。A. idea观点，想法；B. amount总量；C. dream梦想；D. reason理由。根据后文“communicating without speaking”可知，看了表演之后，作者看到了不需要通过说话也能进行交流，因此作者涌上一种想法，即一种不用通过说话就能交流的想法。故选A项。 59. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：手部动作和不说话交流的想法都吸引了我。A. disturbed打扰；B. supported支持；C. embarrassed使尴尬；D. attracted吸引。根据后文“What I saw was completely unlike anything I had experienced in the 10 .This newness just left me 11 more.”可知，这是作者从未有过的经历，让作者想要了解地更多，因此可知作者被深深吸引了。故选D项。 60. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我所看到的与我过去经历的完全不同。A. end结束；B. past过去；C. course过程，课程；D. distance距离。根据后文“This newness just left me 11 more.”可知，这对作者来说是全新的经历，从未有过的，因此可知这是作者以前从未有过的经历。故选B项。 61. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这种新鲜感让我想要了解更多。A. showing展示；B. acting行动；C. saying说；D. wanting想要。根据后文“After that, feeling the need to 12 further, I decided to drop in on one of ASL club’s meetings.”可知，作者在看了表演之后，被深深吸引住了，因此决定更进一步地了解这种手语，因此可知作者想要了解更多。故选D项。 62. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：之后，觉得有必要进一步探索，我决定去参加一个ASL俱乐部的会议。A. exercise运动；B. explore探索；C. express表达；D. explain解释。根据后文“I decided to drop in on one of ASL club’s meetings”可知，作者开始行动起来去了解这种手语，因此作者觉得有必要更进一步去了解、去探索这种手语。故选B项。 63. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天我只学会了用手语来表达字母。A. print打印；B. write写；C. sign打手语；D. count数数。根据前文“I decided to drop in on one of ASL club’s meetings. I only learned how to”可知，作者参加的是手语俱乐部的会议，自然学的就是手语，因此那天作者学会了用手语来表达字母。故选C项。 64. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，我并没有因为进步缓慢而气馁，相反，我很兴奋。A. slow慢的；B. steady平稳的；C. normal正常的；D. obvious明显的。根据前文“I only learned how to 13 the alphabet that day. Yet instead of being discouraged”可知，作者只学会了用手语表达字母，但是作者没有为此感到气馁，因此可知，作者学手语的速度不快，进步不大，但作者并不灰心。故选A项。 65. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：之后，我决定参加这些会议，尽可能多地学习。A. chair主持；B. sponsor赞助；C. attend参加；D. organize组织。根据前文“decided to drop in on one of ASL club’s meetings.”可知，自从作者参加一次会议之后，作者决心经常参加这些会议，让自己多学点。故选C项。 66. 考查动词短语和动词词义辨析。句意：下一学期，我注册了一门美国手语课程。A. missed错过；B. passed通过；C. gave up放弃；D. registered for注册。根据后文“The professor was deaf and any talking was 17 .”可知，作者上了手语课，因此作者是在大学的第二个学期报名了一个手语课程。故选D项。 67. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：教授是个聋子，任何谈话都是被禁止的。A. forbidden禁止；B. welcomed欢迎；C. ignored忽视；D. repeated重复。根据后文“I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant.”可知，这个课堂是无声的课堂，大家都是通过手语来沟通的，因此可知在课堂上不允许用口语来交流，所以谈话是被禁止的。故选A项。 68. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，如果有任何谈话，它会导致我们学到更少的东西。A. Lastly最后；B. Thus因此；C. Instead反而；D. However然而。根据前文“I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant.”以及后文“if there had been any talking, it would have 19 us to learn less.”可知，课堂上的沉默无声是必要的，不然我们就很难真正学好手语，因此此处表示转折，意为“相反，反而”，应用Instead。故选C项。 69. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：相反，如果有任何谈话，它会导致我们学到更少的东西。A. required要求；B. caused造成；C. allowed允许；D. expected期待。根据前文“I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant. 18 , if there had been any talking”可知，在这个手语课堂上不用口语沟通是很正常的，这有利于我们学好手语，因此可知，如果有口语沟通，这会导致我们学不好手语，学到的也会更少。故选B项。 70. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在，我很欣赏这种沉默和它所开启的新的交流方式。A. easy简单的；B. popular受欢迎的；C. quick快速的；D. new新的。根据前文“This newness just left me 11 more.”可知，作者以前都是用口语交流，而现在学会了手语，因此这是一种新的交流方式。故选D项。 变式二：完形填空异域文化风土人情话题名校好题6篇 （23-24高三下·浙江温州·期末）Christmas didn’t feel like a holiday right now. A month earlier my two-year-old son had been diagnosed with autism (自闭症), and it came with many food sensitivities (过敏). That meant we had to 1 parties and Christmas cookies. Then what could I give my children? It really 2 me. It started snowing outside. First snow of the season. My five-year-old daughter was 3 , “Mama, snow! Everywhere!” Her 4 swept over her until my husband took her and her brother out to play in the snow. I watched them joyfully 5 enough snow to make a snowman. Even my little boy ran back and forth, touching the snow every few paces. And that was when a sudden 6 came to me. I had recently made mashed potatoes with almond milk and remembered they tasted normal. Maybe that would 7 for hot chocolate. I poured almond milk in a pan and melted chocolate chips into it. “Ha!” I yelled. My family returned 8 snow was getting heavier. While they were excitedly chatting about how it should snow forever, I 9 , “Hot chocolate! Who wants it?” My husband looked into my eyes, 10 . “Hot chocolate? Can he have any?” “Yes, it’s 11 .” I smiled. Just then my daughter was shouting about getting the Christmas tree out. After we 12 it up together, we enjoyed the hot chocolate, toasting (干杯) the first 13 of the season. Here, I was witnessing our first Christmas 14 , everyone participating in his or her own way. And it was 15 . 1. A. attend B. avoid C. hold D. ruin 2. A. upset B. interested C. frightened D. amazed 3. A. shouting B. comforting C. whispering D. requesting 4. A. satisfaction B. excitement C. nervousness D. fear 5. A. supply B. select C. gather D. remove 6. A. awareness B. desire C. silence D. inspiration 7. A. change B. work C. call D. apply 8. A. though B. unless C. when D. if 9. A. agreed B. continued C. cried D. joked 10. A. shocked B. embarrassed C. angry D. scared 11. A. typical B. simple C. common D. safe 12. A. set B. added C. turned D. made 13. A. tree B. snow C. holiday D. chocolate 14. A. present B. culture C. fortune D. tradition 15. A. ancient B. ordinary C. beautiful D. diverse 【答案】 1. B 2. A 3. A 4. B 5. C 6. D 7. B 8. C 9. C 10. A 11. D 12. A 13. B 14. D 15. C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一家因为儿子有自闭症，并伴有许多食物过敏不得不避开派对和圣诞饼干，但是他们也想出了自己的家庭传统，让每个人以自己的方式参与其中。 1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这意味着我们不得不避开派对和圣诞饼干。A. attend参加；B. avoid避免；C. hold举行；D. ruin毁灭。根据上文“A month earlier my two-year-old son had been diagnosed with autism, and it came with many food sensitivities.(一个月前，我两岁的儿子被诊断出患有自闭症，并伴有许多食物过敏)”可知，作者的儿子情况不好，他们不得不避开派对和圣诞饼干。故选B。 2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这真让我心烦。A. upset使沮丧；B. interested使感兴趣；C. frightened使害怕；D. amazed使惊讶。根据上文“Then what could I give my children?(那我能给我的孩子什么呢？)”可知，因为无法参加派对和吃圣诞饼干，作者感到心烦。故选A。 3. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我五岁的女儿喊着:“妈妈，雪!到处都是!”A. shouting叫喊；B. comforting安慰；C. whispering低语；D. requesting要求。根据后文“Mama, snow! Everywhere!”可知，女儿兴奋地叫喊。故选A。 4. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：直到我丈夫带她和她哥哥出去玩雪，她的兴奋才平息下来。A. satisfaction满意；B. excitement兴奋；C. nervousness紧张；D. fear害怕。根据上文“Mama, snow! Everywhere!”可知，是女儿兴奋地叫喊。因此，丈夫带着女儿出去玩雪，女儿的兴奋才平息下来。故选B。 5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看着他们高兴地收集足够的雪来堆雪人。A. supply供应；B. select选择；C. gather收集；D. remove去除。根据后文“enough snow to make a snowman”可知，堆雪人需要收集雪。故选C。 6. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，我突然有了灵感。A. awareness意识；B. desire渴望；C. silence沉默；D. inspiration灵感。根据后文“I poured almond milk in a pan and melted chocolate chips into it. “Ha!” I yelled.(我把杏仁奶倒在平底锅里，把融化的巧克力片倒进去。“哈!”我喊道)”可知，作者从中得到了灵感，制作了新的饮品。故选D。 7. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：也许这对热巧克力有用。A. change改变；B. work起作用；C. call打电话；D. apply应用。根据后文“I poured almond milk in a pan and melted chocolate chips into it. “Ha!” I yelled.(我把杏仁奶倒在平底锅里，把融化的巧克力片倒进去。“哈!”我喊道)”可知，作者想到用巧克力代替，即巧克力也能起作用。故选B。 8. 考查连词词义辨析。句意：当雪越来越大时，我的家人回来了。A. though尽管；B. unless除非；C. when当……时候；D. if如果。根据“snow was getting heavier.”可知，此处表示当雪越下越大时，使用when引导时间状语从句。故选C。 9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他们兴奋地谈论如何永远下雪时，我叫了起来:“热巧克力!谁想要?”A. agreed同意；B. continued继续；C. cried叫喊；D. joked开玩笑。根据后文“Hot chocolate! Who wants it?”可知，作者叫喊谁要热巧克力。故选C。 10. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我丈夫看着我的眼睛，惊呆了。A. shocked震惊的；B. embarrassed尴尬的；C. angry生气的；D. scared害怕的。根据后文“Hot chocolate? Can he have any?(热巧克力吗?他能喝吗?)”可知，丈夫一开始吃惊，担心孩子不能喝。故选A。 11. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“是的，很安全。”我微笑着说。A. typical典型的；B. simple简单的；C. common共同的；D. safe安全的。根据上文Yes可知，作者肯定回答儿子喝巧克力是安全的。故选D。 12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们把它搭好后，一起享用热巧克力，为这个季节的第一场雪干杯。A. set设置；B. added增加；C. turned转动；D. made制作。根据上文“Just then my daughter was shouting about getting the Christmas tree out.(就在这时，我女儿大喊着要把圣诞树拿出来)”可知，此处指把圣诞树搭建好。故选A。 13. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们把它搭好后，一起享用热巧克力，为这个季节的第一场雪干杯。A. tree树木；B. snow雪；C. holiday假期；D. chocolate巧克力。根据上文“First snow of the season.(这个季节的第一场雪)”可知，此处指他们为第一场雪干杯。故选B。 14. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这里，我见证了我们的第一个圣诞节传统，每个人都以自己的方式参与其中。A. present礼物；B. culture文化；C. fortune运气；D. tradition传统。根据“we enjoyed the hot chocolate”可知，作者一家在初雪时喝热巧克力作为他们第一个圣诞节传统。故选D。 15. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它是美好的。A. ancient古老的；B. ordinary普通的；C. beautiful美好的；D. diverse不同的。根据上文“everyone participating in his or her own way.”可知，作者为每个人都参与了家庭传统感到美好。故选C。 （23-24高三下·江苏泰州·期末）As a kid, I often suffered from nosebleeds. My parents had some 16 of traditional Chinese medicine, and they said this was caused by my love for 17 fruits. Lychees, my 18 , had given me “too much heat.” But it didn’t stop me from eating them by the 19 . After we moved from China to Canada, lychees became harder to find. Whenever we drove to a Chinatown, I would 20 all the fruit markets for my red jewels. As I grow older, trying new fruits widens my horizons. Just when I thought I had 21 every pleasant fruity smell in the world, the lulo (龙葵) appeared at my regular fruit shop. Its taste left me wide-eyed and 22 . The strong, sweet flavor filled my whole house for days. It was such a 23 smell that I’d rather believe it was picked from a food scientist’s imagination. “What lasted is what the soul ate,” Jack Gilbert wrote in his poem The Spirit and the Soul, “The way a child knows the world by putting it into his 24 .” Each tasting is a chance to be 25 with my inner child. The experience is no less 26 than seeing the ocean for the first time, leaving me 27 what else this world has been hiding from us. I try most fruits only several times because I always love newer things. But there is one I keep returning to: the soursop (刺果番荔枝). When it is ripe, it tastes wonderful. Wait just one more day, 28 , and it starts to brown, giving off a terrible smell. Yes, it goes bad fast, 29 that life is too short. So don’t let our sweetest days 30 . “Taste” the joys around us as they come along. 16. A. prejudice B. knowledge C. application D. recognition 17. A. unusual B. unsafe C. unknown D. unforgettable 18. A. option B. recipe C. favorite D. privilege 19. A. half B. pile C. group D. dozen 20. A. search B. purchase C. consult D. approach 21. A. checked B. encountered C. contacted D. explored 22. A. tireless B. hopeless C. speechless D. restless 23. A. rare B. familiar C. terrible D. vital 24. A. mind B. pocket C. mouth D. heart 25. A. refreshed B. reunited C. recharged D. rearranged 26. A. rewarding B. practical C. meaningful D. memorable 27. A. understanding B. investigating C. wondering D. suspecting 28. A. though B. therefore C. otherwise D. instead 29. A. recommending B. promising C. ensuring D. reminding 30. A. set in B. slip away C. split up D. slow down 【答案】 16. B 17. A 18. C 19. D 20. A 21. B 22. C 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了打小喜欢荔枝的作者在成年后对异国水果更加喜欢，这些水果使他拓展了对世界的了解，丰富了他的经验，甚至还让他有了“趁着还没老去，珍惜美好当下”的人生感悟。 16. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的父母对中医有一定的了解，他们说这是因为我喜欢吃不寻常的水果。A. prejudice偏见；B. knowledge知识；C. application申请；D. recognition认可。根据后文“had given me “too much heat.””可知，父母对中医有一定的了解，有一定中医知识。故选B。 17. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的父母对中医有一定的了解，他们说这是因为我喜欢吃不寻常的水果。A. unusual不寻常的；B. unsafe不安全的；C. unknown未知的；D. unforgettable难忘的。根据后文“had given me “too much heat.””可知，作者爱吃荔枝这种不寻常的水果，导致摄入了“太多的热”。故选A。 18. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我最喜欢的荔枝给了我“太多的热”。A. option选择；B. recipe菜谱；C. favorite最喜欢的东西；D. privilege特权。根据上文“this was caused by my love”可知，荔枝是作者最喜欢吃的水果。故选C。 19. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但这并没有阻止我一打一打地吃。A. half一半；B. pile堆；C. group组；D. dozen打。根据上文“But it didn’t stop me from eating them by the”可知，作者爱吃荔枝，就算吃多了流鼻血也没有阻止作者把它们一打一打吃下去，短语by the dozen表示“按打”。故选D。 20. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：每次我们开车去唐人街，我都会在所有的水果市场寻找我的红色珠宝。A. search寻找；B. purchase购买；C. consult咨询；D. approach靠近。根据后文“all the fruit markets for my red jewels”可知，此处指作者在水果市场寻找荔枝。故选A。 21. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：正当我以为我已经遇见了世界上所有令人愉快的水果气味时，龙葵出现在我常去的水果店。A. checked检查；B. encountered遇见；C. contacted联系；D. explored探索。根据上文“As I grow older, trying new fruits widens my horizons.(随着年龄的增长，尝试新的水果开阔了我的视野)”以及后文“every pleasant fruity smell in the world”可知，此处表示作者见识、遇见了（encounter）世界上所有令人愉快的水果气味。故选B。 22. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它的味道让我目瞪口呆，说不出话来。A. tireless不知疲倦的；B. hopeless绝望的；C. speechless说不出话的；D. restless坐立不安的。根据上文“Its taste left me wide-eyed and”可知，此处指龙葵的味道让作者惊讶地说不出话。故选C。 23. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一种罕见的味道，我宁愿相信它是从食品科学家的想象中挑选出来的。A. rare罕见的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. terrible糟糕的；D. vital重要的。根据后文“I’d rather believe it was picked from a food scientist’s imagination”可知，作者宁愿相信它是从食品科学家的想象中挑选出来的，说明味道很罕见。故选A。 24. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：杰克·吉尔伯特在他的诗《精神与灵魂》中写道：“灵魂所吃的东西能持久，孩子通过把世界放进嘴里认识世界。”A. mind思维；B. pocket口袋；C. mouth嘴巴；D. heart心。根据上文“What lasted is what the soul ate”可知，此处指孩子认识世界的方式是把世界上的东西放进嘴巴里，故选C。 25. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：每一次品尝都是一次给我内心的孩子团聚的机会。A. refreshed恢复精神；B. reunited团聚；C. recharged再充电；D. rearranged重新排列。根据后文“with my inner child”可知，此处指作者通过品尝水果来和内心的孩子重聚。故选B。 26. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种经历不比第一次看到海洋更令人难忘，让我想知道这个世界还隐藏了什么。A. rewarding有益的；B. practical实际的；C. meaningful有意义的；D. memorable难忘的。根据后文“than seeing the ocean for the first time”可知，第一次看到海洋是难忘的经历。故选D。 27. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这种经历不比第一次看到海洋更令人难忘，让我想知道这个世界还隐藏了什么。A. understanding理解；B. investigating调查；C. wondering想知道；D. suspecting怀疑。根据后文“what else this world has been hiding from us.”可知，此处指作者对世界充满好奇，想知道这个世界还隐藏了什么。故选C。 28. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：不过，再等一天，它就开始变黄，散发出难闻的气味。A. though不过；B. therefore因此；C. otherwise否则；D. instead反而。根据后文“and it starts to brown, giving off a terrible smell.”可知，仅仅等待一天，这种水果就要变黄，散发出难闻的气味，为转折关系，应用though。故选A。 29. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：是的，它坏得很快，提醒着我们生命太短暂。A. recommending推荐；B. promising承诺；C. ensuring确保；D. reminding提醒。根据后文“that life is too short”可知，水果容易坏提醒着我们生命太短暂。故选D。 30. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：所以不要让我们最甜蜜的日子溜走。A. set in到来；B. slip away逝去；C. split up分手；D. slow down减速。根据上文“that life is too short”可知，作者感悟不要让我们最甜蜜的日子逝去、溜走。故选B。 （2024·河南郑州·三模）When I have a sad look on my face and my mind isn’t where it should be, my wife says, “You need to go home!” So, I get my plane ticket, pack my suitcase and 31 Sierra Leone, the country I escaped from in 1999 when a war over diamonds destroyed our 32 . The civil war lasted 11 years and ruined many schools, leaving children without an education or a future. It only seems 33 that I try to help the people in my home country, especially the children. In 2009, 10 years after I ran away, I believed it was time to rebuild and 34 the life we had before the war. With most of the schools ruined, it was a 35 task. The first one was the school in Mbureh village. With the help of several charities, the organization I work with raised enough money. The school was rebuilt and the children 36 me with smiles. I consider that payment in full. And it 37 me to do more. With each brick cemented (用水泥粘结) into place and each nail hammered, I thought about the kids who were now going to have a 38 . Workers and volunteers 39 day and night, rebuilding one school after another. After I returned to Canada, my wife could see the 40 in me. But something in my life here would always take my 41 back to the problems of my country. Sometimes it was wandering in the grocery store. All that food reminded me of the empty stomachs of the children overseas. Or sometimes it was the 42 I heard around me: The weather wasn’t just right or a flight had been postponed. “Go home,” my wife always said 43 . So, I’d return once again to build more schools, create more futures and see more 44 children. I’ve met many people who have the same heart as me and want to see the smiles of more children in Sierra Leone. We all know how much a smile can 45 us: It is payment in full. 31. A. head back to B. run across to C. move on to D. live up to 32. A. project B. expectation C. belief D. land 33. A. demanding B. hopeless C. right D. impossible 34. A. recall B. reconsider C. reclaim D. rewrite 35. A. responsible B. challenging C. sorrowful D. suffering 36. A. greeted B. praised C. encouraged D. paid 37. A. reminded B. pushed C. requested D. convinced 38. A. future B. choice C. goal D. family 39. A. designed B. thought C. labored D. created 40. A. value B. transformation C. disappointment D. satisfaction 41. A. mind B. solution C. stress D. chance 42. A. worry B. comment C. argument D. complaint 43. A. quietly B. firmly C. angrily D. patiently 44. A. helpful B. hardworking C. happy D. confident 45. A. enrich B. persuade C. improve D. sustain 【答案】 31. A 32. D 33. C 34. C 35. B 36. D 37. B 38. A 39. C 40. B 41. A 42. D 43. B 44. C 45. D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者逃离了1999年因钻石而引发内战的塞拉利昂，在加拿大生活后，因为对家乡孩子的牵挂，他多次返回塞拉利易重建学校，帮助孩子们获得教育，他的行动得到了慈善机构的帮助，也感染了其他人一起加入。这些努力让他感到满足，并激励他继续为孩子们的未来而努力。微笑成为了他所做一切的最好回报。 31. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：于是我买了机票，收拾好行李，回到塞拉利昂，1999年，一场钻石战争摧毁了我们的土地，我逃离了这个国家。A. head back to走回；B. run across to遇到；C. move on to继续；D. live up to不辜负。根据上句“When I have a sad look on my face and my mind isn’t where it should be, my wife says, “You need to go home!””可知，当我脸上带着悲伤的表情心不在焉的时候，我妻子会我你需要回家!，因此推动于是，我买了机票，收拾好行李，回到塞拉利昂。故答案为A。 32. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：于是，我买了机票，收拾好行李回到了塞拉里昂，1999年，一场钻石战争毁了我们的土地，我逃离了这个国家。A. project项目；B. expectation期盼；C. belief相信；D. land陆地。根据常识和空前“when a war over diamonds destroyed”可知1999年，一场钻石战争推毁了这片土地，故答案为D。 33. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我努力帮助我祖国的人民，尤其是孩子们，这似乎是理所应当的。A. demanding要求高的；B. hopeless无望的；C. right正确的；D. impossible不可能的。根据空后“I try to help the people in my home country, especially the children.”可知我努力帮助我祖国的人民，尤其是孩子们，说明这似乎是理所应当的。故答案为C。 34. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：2009年，我离家出走10年后，我认为是时候重建和恢复战前的生活了。A. recal回忆；B. reconsider重新考虑：C. reclaim恢复：D. rewrite重写。根据空前“In 2009, 10 years after I ran away, I believed it was time to rebuild”可知2009年，我离家出走10年后，我认为是时候重建和恢复战前的生活了。故答案为C。 35. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于大多数学校被毁，这是一项具有挑战性的任务。A. responsible负责的；B. challenging有挑战性的；C. sorrowful悲伤的；D. sufering受苦的。根据空前“With most of the schools ruined”可知由于大多数学校被毁，说明这是一项县有挑战性的任务。故答案为B。 36. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：学校重建了，孩子们用微笑来回报我。A. greeted打招呼；B. praised夸奖；C. encouraged鼓励；D. paid支付，回报。根据空后“me with smiles ”可知学校重建了，孩子们用微笑来回报我。故答案为D。 37. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这促使我做更多的事情。A. reminded提醒：B. pushed推动：C. requested要求：D. convinced使信服。根据上句“The school was rebuilt and the children 　　6　　 me with smiles”可知学校重建了，孩子们用微笑来回报我。说明这促使我做更多的事情，故答案为B。 38. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：每一块砖都用水泥砌好了，每一颗钉子都钉好了，我想到了那些即将拥有未来的孩子们。A. future未来；B. choice选择；C. goal目标；D. family家庭。根据上句“The school was rebuilt and the children 　　6　　 me with smiles”可知学校重建了，孩子们用微笑来回报我。说明孩子们会拥有美好的未来。故答案为A。 39. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：工人和志愿者夜以继日地工作，重建了一所又一所学校。A. designed设计；B. thought认为；C. labored苦干；D. created创造。根据下句“rebuilding one school after another”可知重建了一所又一所学校。说明工人和志愿者夜以继日地工作，故答案为C。 40. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我回到加拿大后，我的妻子可以看到我的转变。A. value价值；B. transformation变形，转变；C. disappointment失望；D. satisfaction满意。根据后文“So, I’d return once again to build more schools, create more futures and see more 　　14　　 children.”可知，我建立更多的学校，创造更多的未来，看到更多快乐的孩子。说明我的妻子可以看到我的转变。故答案为B。 41. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是我在这里生活的一些事情总是让我想起我的国家的问题。A. mind意识；B. solution解决方法；C. stress压力；D. chance机会。根据常识和空后“back to the problems of my country”可知我在这里生活的一些事情总是让我想起我的囯家的问题。故答案为A。 42. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：或者有时是我在周围听到的抱怨：天气不太好或者航班推迟了。A. worry担心；B. comment评论；C. argument争论：D. complaint抱怨。根据下句“The weather wasn’t just right or a flight had been postponed”可知天气不太好或者航班推迟了。说明这是我在周围听到的抱怨。故答案为D。 43. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：“回家，”我妻子总是坚定地说。A. guietly安静地：B. firmly坚定地：C. angrily生气地；D. patiently耐心地。根据常识和前文“When I have a sad look on my face and my mind isn’t where it should be, my wife says, “You need to go home!””可知当我脸上带着悲伤的表情，心不在焉的时候，我妻子会说我需要回家!说明我妻子说话的语气非常坚定。故答案为B。 44. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以，我会再次回来建立更多的学校，创造更多的未来，看到更多快乐的孩子。A. helful乐于助人的：B. hardworking努力工作的：C. happy高兴的：D. confident自信的。根据前文“The school was rebuilt and the children 　　6　　 me with smiles.”可知学校重建了，孩子们用微笑来回报我。说明我会看到更多快乐的孩子。故答案为C。 45. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们都知道微笑能给我们带来多大的支持：这是一种充分的回报。A. enrich丰富；B. persuade说服；C. improve提升；D. sustain支持。根据下句“lt is payment in ful.”可知这是一种充分的回报。说明微笑能给我们带来多大的支持。故答案为D。 （2024·安徽六安·模拟预测）Orion Jean, a young boy from Texas, initiated an extraordinary mission of kindness and inspired others. His journey 46 when he participated in the National Kindness Speech Contest. Giving a speech about the 47 of kindness to transform a nation, Orion won a $500 cash prize. Instead of spending it on himself, he chose to use it to give those in need a 48 . So the little boy, who said his parents always taught him that “kindness is a virtue that should be 49 above all others,” came up with the idea of the Race to Kindness campaign. It 50 doing good deeds in his community. Orion set out to help children requiring medial treatment. He thought there was no better way to 51 a kid than a toy. So he used the 52 to buy as many toys as possible and 53 a toy fair to get over 600 fun toys donated to the Children’s Health Hospital in Dallas. After the toy fair, he launched a/an 54 “Race to 100,000 meals” to help food-insecure people in his community. 55 with a local nonprofit organization, he helped feed people who might not have had a meal for Thanksgiving. In May 2022, to provide books to children who lacked 56 to them, Orion launched the “Race to 500, 000 Books”. It centered on poverty-stricken areas, 57 those known as “book deserts”. The result? Many people 58 the chance to show their love to strangers. So the goal of “500, 000” was exceeded (超越). Orion’s story is an example of how a wave of positive change is 59 by one individual’s kindness. “The Race to Kindness” is grateful to everyone who comes together to be a 60 system in time of need. 46. A. ended B. occurred C. started D. continued 47. A. energy B. concern C. worry D. power 48. A. lift B. reward C. lesson D. shot 49. A. made B. prized C. said D. ignored 50. A. submitted to B. caught up C. cared for D. focused on 51. A. change B. contact C. amuse D. guide 52. A. donations B. change C. salary D. winnings 53. A. ordered B. delivered C. found D. organized 54. A. limited B. ambitious C. reliable D. genuine 55. A. Partnering B. Sharing C. Collecting D. Assisting 56. A. interest B. chance C. access D. time 57. A. especially B. naturally C. extremely D. suddenly 58. A. tried out B. jumped at C. turned down D. put forward 59. A. encountered B. generated C. supposed D. expected 60. A. food B. work C. life D. support 【答案】 46. C 47. D 48. B 49. B 50. D 51. C 52. D 53. D 54. B 55. A 56. C 57. A 58. B 59. B 60. D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Orion Jean发起的一系列善行活动，从参加演讲比赛获奖资助玩具，到组织食物捐赠、图书捐赠，展示了个人善举如何引发积极变革的浪潮。 46. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的旅程开始于他参加全国善意演讲比赛。A. ended结束；B. occurred发生；C. started开始；D. continued继续。根据上文“initiated an extraordinary mission”可知，空处表示Orion善行之旅是在他参加比赛时开始的。故选C项。 47. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：发表了关于善意的力量可以改变国家的演讲，Orion赢得了500美元的现金奖励。A. energy能量；B. concern关心；C. worry担忧；D. power力量。根据下文“of kindness to transform a nation”可知，善举可以改变一个国家，强调善意能够带来变革的力量。故选D项。 48. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他没有把钱花在自己身上，而是选择用它来奖励那些需要帮助的人。A. lift上升；B. reward奖励；C. lesson教训；D. shot射击。根据上文“he chose to use it to give those in need”可知，Orion用奖金来给予需要帮助的人某种形式的奖励或帮助。故选B项。 49. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个小男孩说他的父母总是告诉他“善良是一种美德，应该比其他任何美德都重要”，所以他想出了“善举竞赛”的想法。A. made制造；B. prized珍视；C. said说；D. ignored忽视。根据上文“kindness is a virtue”可知，父母教导Orion要珍视善举，因为善举是一种美德。故选B项。 50. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：它专注于在他的社区做好事。A. submitted to递交；B. caught up赶上；C. cared for关心；D. focused on专注于。根据下文“doing good deeds in his community”可知，空处表明活动的目标是在社区中做好事，也就是活动专注于做好事。故选D项。 51. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他认为没有比玩具更能逗孩子开心的东西了。A. change改变；B. contact联系；C. amuse使娱乐；D. guide指导。根据下文“ a toy”可知，Orion想通过玩具带给孩子快乐，他认为玩具是娱乐孩子的最好方式。故选C项。 52. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以他用奖金买了尽可能多的玩具，并组织了一个玩具展，最终有超过600件玩具捐赠给了达拉斯的儿童健康医院。A. donations捐赠；B. change零钱；C. salary薪水；D. winnings奖金。根据上文“Orion won a $500 cash prize”可知，空处指前面提到的500美元奖金。故选D项。 53. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以他用奖金买了尽可能多的玩具，并组织了一个玩具展，最终有超过600件玩具捐赠给了达拉斯的儿童健康医院。A. ordered订购；B. delivered递送；C. found发现；D.organized组织，开展。根据下文“a toy fair”可知，Orion组织了一个玩具展览会，他把这些玩具都送给了一家儿童医院。故选D项。 54. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：玩具展后，他发起了一个雄心勃勃的“向10万餐前进”活动，以帮助社区中食物不安全的人们。A. limited有限的；B. ambitious有雄心的；C. reliable可靠的；D. genuine真正的。根据下文““Race to 100,000 meals” to help food-insecure people in his community”可知，他想解决10万餐的目标，这个活动是有雄心的。故选B项。 55. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：与当地一家非营利组织合作，他帮助那些可能在感恩节没有饭吃的人提供了食物。A. Partnering合作；B. Sharing分享；C. Collecting收集；D. Assisting协助。根据下文“with a local nonprofit organization”可知，Orion不是自己组织了这个活动，而是选择与非盈利组织合作来帮助那些需要食物的人，partner with是“和……合作”的意思。故选A项。 56. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在2022年5月，为了向缺乏接触图书的儿童提供书籍，Orion发起了“向50万本书前进”活动。A. interest兴趣；B. chance机会；C. access接触，使用权；D. time时间。根据上文“to provide books to children”可知，Orion的目标是为儿童提供书籍，因为这些儿童是无法接触到书籍的，access符合题意。故选C项。 57. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：这项活动主要针对贫困地区，尤其是被称为“书籍沙漠”的地区。A. especially尤其；B. naturally自然地；C. extremely极端地；D. suddenly突然地。根据下文“book deserts”可知，他关注贫困地区，尤其是那些有“书籍沙漠”的地方。故选A项。 58. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：许多人抓住了向陌生人展示他们的爱的机会。A. tried out参加选拔；B. jumped at急于接受，欣然同意；C. turned down拒绝；D. put forward提出。根据下文“the chance to show their love to strangers”可知，人们积极展示他们的爱，接受了机会展示爱心。故选B项。 59. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Orion的故事展示了一个人的善意如何能引发积极变化的浪潮。A. encountered遭遇；B. generated产生，引起；C. supposed假设；D. expected期待。根据上文“how a wave of positive change”可知，空处指积极变化的浪潮使如何被激发产生的。故选B项。 60. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“善举竞赛”对每一个在需要的时候聚集在一起成为支持系统的人表示感谢。A. food食物；B. work工作；C. life生命；D. support支持。根据上文“everyone who comes together”可知，空处强调人们团结一致提供帮助，形成一种支持系统。故选D项。 （23-24高三上·四川乐山·期末）At an early age, I suffered from a serious digestive (消化的) illness. I 61 several doctors. Then, I 62 some blood test and it showed that I had a medical condition in which the body cannot digest food that contains gluten (谷蛋白). I was advised to stop eating milk products from my 63 for six months. After making these dietary changes, my digestive health 64 . After seeing how food affected my body and life, I developed a deep interest in nutrition (营养学). 65 , I went to study nutrition at the College of Naturopathic Medicine (CNM). I was 66 by the practical learning methods suggested by the experienced teachers and the interesting 67 given by them in class. In addition, I was amazed by how 68 my classmates were in sharing their knowledge and experience with each other. My time at CNM prepared me for 69 my own business and it was a great 70 for making friends and discovering opportunities. I now 71 at the Nordic Clinic in Stockholm three days a week. I see a variety of 72 with a wide range of common illnesses, 73 them to get well through nutrition. I love my work, because it feels meaningful and I'm making a 74 to other people’s lives. I can’t imagine retiring from work because I know learning never stops and I love 75 applying my knowledge and helping people in need. 61. A. comforted B. saw C. designed D. reminded 62. A. received B. organized C. found D. identified 63. A. taste B. treatment C. expectation D. diet 64. A. improved B. remained C. broke D. mattered 65. A. Therefore B. However C. Otherwise D. Besides 66. A. recommended B. reported C. corrected D. attracted 67. A. gifts B. changes C. lessons D. operations 68. A. disappointing B. generous C. boring D. successful 69. A. giving up B. setting up C. holding back D. cutting down 70. A. difficulty B. building C. platform D. playground 71. A. study B. work C. complain D. live 72. A. patients B. nurses C. teachers D. businessmen 73. A. needing B. permitting C. forcing D. helping 74. A. promise B. reference C. difference D. decoration 75. A. occasionally B. normally C. continually D. finally 【答案】 61. B 62. A 63. D 64. A 65. A 66. D 67. C 68. B 69. B 70. C 71. B 72. A 73. D 74. C 75. C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者因为身体原因对营养学产生了兴趣，进而到一所医学院学习，最后作者成为了一名营养师。作者很喜欢自己的工作，因为可以帮助到其他人。 61. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看了好几个医生。A. comforted安慰；B. saw看（医生）；C. designed设计；D. reminded提醒。根据“At an early age, I suffered from a serious digestive (消化的) illness.”可知，因为作者患有严重的消化系统疾病，所以看了好几个医生。故选B。 62. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，我接受了一些血液测试，结果显示我身体有一种不良状况，即身体不能消化含有谷蛋白的食物。A. received接受、收到；B. organized组织；C. found发现；D. identified识别。根据“some blood test”可知，作者接受了一些血液测试。故选A。 63. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我被建议在六个月内停止从我 的饮食中食用奶制品。A. taste味道；B. treatment治疗；C. expectation期望；D. diet饮食。根据“stop eating milk products”可知，此处是指停止从饮食中食用奶制品。故选D。 64. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在做出这些饮食改变后，我的消化系统健康得到了改善。A. improved改善；B. remained保持；C. broke打破；D. mattered重要。根据“After making these dietary changes”可知，作者的消化系统健康得到了改善。故选A。 65. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，我去了自然疗法医学院学习营养学。A. Therefore因此；B. However然而；C. Otherwise否则；D. Besides此外。根据“After seeing how food affected my body and life, I developed a deep interest in nutrition (营养学).”可知，作者对营养学产生了浓厚的兴趣，因此去了自然疗法医学院学习营养学。故选A。 66. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我被有经验的老师建议的实用学习方法和他们在课堂上提供的有趣课程所吸引。A. recommended推荐；B. reported报告；C. corrected纠正；D. attracted吸引。根据“the practical learning methods suggested by the experienced teachers”可知，作者被有经验的老师建议的实用学习方法所吸引。故选D。 67. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. gifts礼物；B. changes改变；C. lessons课程；D. operations手术。根据“given by them in class”可知，此处是指老师在课堂上提供的有趣课程。故选C。 68. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：此外，我惊讶于我的同学们在互相分享他们的知识和经验时是多么的慷慨。A. disappointing令人失望的；B. generous慷慨的；C. boring无聊的；D. successful成功的。根据“in sharing their knowledge and experience with each other”可知，同学们在互相分享他们的知识和经验时是非常慷慨的。故选B。 69. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我在自然疗法医学院的时光为我自己创业做好了准备，这也是一个结交朋友和发现机会的好平台。A. giving up放弃；B. setting up建立；C. holding back阻止；D. cutting down削减。根据“my own business”可知，此处是指为自己创业做好了准备。故选B。 70. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. difficulty困难；B. building建筑；C. platform平台；D. playground操场。根据“for making friends and discovering opportunities”可知，这是一个结交朋友和发现机会的好平台。故选C。 71. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我现在每周在斯德哥尔摩的北欧诊所工作三天。A. study学习；B. work工作；C. complain抱怨；D. live生活。根据下文“at the Nordic Clinic in Stockholm three days a week”以及“them to get well through nutrition”可知，作者每周三次到斯德哥尔摩的北欧诊所，帮助别人通过营养恢复健康，可推理出作者在斯德哥尔摩的北欧诊所工作。故选B。 72. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我看到各种各样的病人，他们患有各种各样的常见疾病，我帮助他们通过营养恢复健康。A. patients病人；B. nurses护士；C. teachers教师；D. businessmen商人。根据“with a wide range of common illnesses”可知，作者在诊所里看到各种各样的病人。故选A。 73. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. needing需要；B. permitting允许；C. forcing强迫；D. helping帮助。根据“to get well through nutrition”可知，作者帮助病人通过营养恢复健康。故选D。 74. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢我的工作，因为它感觉很有意义，我正在改变别人的生活。A. promise承诺；B. reference参考；C. difference差异；D. decoration装饰。根据“to other people’s lives”可知，作者正在改变别人的生活。make a difference to“对……产生影响”。故选C。 75. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我无法想象从工作中退休，因为我知道学习永无止境，我喜欢不断应用我的知识，帮助有需要的人。A. occasionally偶尔；B. normally正常地；C. continually不断地；D. finally最终。根据上文“I know learning never stops”以及下文“applying my knowledge and helping people in need”可知，作者喜欢不断应用自己的知识，帮助有需要的人。故选C。 （23-24高三下·江西南昌·期中）I used to think my life was perfect. My mom had her dream job and a beautiful office, and I had my own room with a computer and a garden to 76 . But one Sunday, everything changed. A hurricane 77 our neighborhood while we were visiting my grandparents in Raleigh. Our kitchen was damaged, and our clean and comfortable home was in ruins. But something 78 happened. Our neighbors, the Flores family, came to our help. They helped clear broken pieces and 79 us a place to stay. Their 80 was most impressive. We had 81 spoken to them before, but they 82 their home to us and made us feel like family. We started a new 83 of having weekend dinner together. We invited other families from the neighborhood to join us, and our 84 were filled with laughter and delicious food. It was a beautiful thing to see our 85 come together in a disaster. I never knew Rosica, their daughter, before the hurricane. But she quickly became my friend. She had a gift for 86 , and our evenings together were filled with adventure and 87 . Looking back, I realize that the hurricane 88 unexpected advantages. It brought us closer to our neighbors and 89 our lives in ways we never could have imagined. Sometimes, it takes a(n) 90 to bring out the best in people. 76. A. search for B. try out for C. dream of D. care for 77. A. visited B. bit C. hit D. injured 78. A. significant B. typical C. scary D. unexpected 79. A. offered B. sheltered C. hired D. recommended 80. A. challenge B. kindness C. dilemma D. request 81. A. gratefully B. hardly C. entirely D. obviously 82. A. sold B. decorated C. opened D. showed 83. A. tradition B. account C. virtue D. business 84. A. recreations B. journeys C. dinners D. aims 85. A. family B. community C. volunteers D. supporters 86. A. storytelling B. singing C. exploring D. housekeeping 87. A. sincerity B. beliefs C. laughter D. disappointment 88. A. resulted from B. brought about C. made up for D. went off 89. A. saved B. relieved C. recorded D. enriched 90. A. adventure B. effort C. disaster D. party 【答案】 76. D 77. C 78. D 79. A 80. B 81. B 82. C 83. A 84. C 85. B 86. A 87. C 88. B 89. D 90. C 【导语】本文的体裁是记叙文，作者通过第一人称叙述了自己经历飓风后的生活变化以及与邻居之间关系的发展变化。 76. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：但我有自己的房间，有一台电脑，还有一个花园来照看。A. search for寻找；B. try out for试验；C. dream of梦想；D. care for照顾。根据下文“a garden to(一个花园去……)”可知，此处指拥有花园，需要照顾，故选D。 77. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一场飓风袭击了我们的邻居，当我们在罗利拜访我的祖父母时。A. visited拜访；B. bit咬；C. hit打；击中；D. injured伤害。根据“our neighborhood while we were visiting my grandparents(我们拜访祖父母时，我们的邻居……)”可知，飓风袭击了我们的邻居，故选C。 78. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是一些意料之外的事情也发生了。A. significant重要的；B. typical典型的；C. scary可怕的；D. unexpected意料之外的。根据下文“Our neighbors, the Flores family, came to our help(我们的邻居弗洛雷斯一家向我们伸出了援手)”可知，邻居的帮忙是意料之外的，故选D。 79. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们帮助清理破碎的碎片，并提供了一个地方给我们住。A. offered提供；B. sheltered庇护；C. hired雇佣；D. recommended推荐。根据上文“helped clear broken pieces(帮助清理破碎的碎片)”和下文“us a place to stay (……我们一个住处)”可知，邻居提供了住处，可推理出空白处应填表示“提供”含义的表达，故选A。 80. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的善良给我们留下了深刻的印象。A. challenge挑战；B. kindness善良；C. dilemma困境；D. request请求。根据下文“We had hardly spoken to them before(我们和他们在之前几乎没说过话)”可知，作者和邻居们之间几乎没说过话，但是邻居们慷慨相助，可推理出邻居的善良令人印象深刻，故选B。 81. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们几乎没有和他们说过话。A. gratefully感激地；B. hardly几乎不；C. entirely完全；D. obviously明显地。根据下文转折连词but 以及“they opened their home to us(但是邻居还是敞开了他们的家)”可知，邻居还是敞开了他们的家，可推理出作者和邻居之前几乎没有交流，故选B。 82. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们几乎没有和他们说过话，但他们向我们敞开了他们的家。A. sold卖；B. decorated装饰；C. opened打开；D. showed展示。根据上文“their home to us and made us feel like family(向我们……了家门，让我们感觉就像家人一样)”可知，邻居让我们感觉就像家人一样，可推理出邻居是打开家门欢迎我们，故选C。 83. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们开始了一个新的周末一起晚餐的传统。A. tradition传统；B. account账户；C. virtue美德；D. business生意。根据下文“We invited other families from the neighborhood to join us(我们邀请周围的其他家庭加入我们)”可知，作者邀请周围的其他家庭共度周末晚餐，可推理出是开始了一个新的传统，故选A。 84. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的晚餐充满了笑声和美味的食物。A. recreations娱乐；B. journeys旅行；C. dinners晚餐；D. aims目标。根据上文“weekend dinner together(一起享用周末晚餐)”可知，此处上下文说的是作者和周围的家庭共享周末晚餐，可推理出空白处应填表示“晚餐”含义的表达，故选C。 85. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：看到我们的社区在灾难中团结起来是一件美好的事情。A. family家庭；B. community社区；C. volunteers志愿者；D. supporters支持者。根据上文“Our neighbors, the Flores family, came to our help(我们的邻居，弗洛雷斯一家，来帮助我们。)”可知，是社区团结起来，故选B。 86. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我以前不认识他们的女儿Rosica，但在飓风之后她很快成了我的朋友。她有讲故事的天赋，我们在一起的晚上充满了冒险和欢笑。A. storytelling讲故事；B. singing唱歌；C. exploring探索；D. housekeeping家务管理。根据下文“our evenings together were filled with adventure(我们在一起的晚上充满了冒险活动和……)”可知，Rosica使得大家的周末充满了冒险活动，可推理出Rosica有讲故事的天赋，故选A。 87. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同11题。A. sincerity真诚；B. beliefs信念；C. laughter笑声；D. disappointment失望。根据上文“our evenings together were filled with adventure(我们在一起的晚上充满了冒险活动和……)”可知，Rosica使得大家的周末充满了冒险活动，给大家的周末带来了快乐，分析选项，C项“laughter笑声”表达的含义符合语境，故选C。 88. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：回顾过去，我意识到飓风带来了意想不到的好处。A. resulted from由……造成；B. brought about引起；造成；C. made up for补偿；D. went off爆炸；走开。根据下文“unexpected advantages(意想不到的好处)”以及“It brought us closer to our neighbors(它使我们与邻居的关系更加亲近了。)”可知，飓风我们与邻居的关系更加亲近了，可推理出此处表达的是飓风带来了一些意想不到的积极影响，故选B。 89. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它让我们更接近我们的邻居，并以我们无法想象的方式丰富了我们的生活。A. saved拯救；B. relieved缓解；C. recorded记录；D. enriched丰富。根据上文“It brought us closer to our neighbors(它使我们与邻居的关系更加亲近了。)”可知，使我们与邻居的关系更加亲近了，可推理出此处表达的是飓风丰富了我们的生活，故选D。 90. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时，需要一场灾难才能让人们表现出最好的一面。A. adventure冒险；B. effort努力；C. disaster灾难；D. party派对。根据上文“I never knew Rosica, their daughter, before the hurricane. But she quickly became my friend (在飓风之前我从未认识他们的女儿罗西卡。但她很快就成了我的朋友。)”可知，在灾难面前，人们表现出最好的一面，可推理出此处上下文说的是一场灾难让人们看到了人性中最好的一面，故选C。 $$