新九年级英语暑假作业15 短文首字母填空 -2024-2025学年新九年级英语暑假查缺补漏及分层作业（通用）

新九年级英语暑假作业15 短文首字母填空 完成时间：       月       日                  天气：             首字母填空是根据句意和已给出的首字母，在句子的空白处填上适当的单词，使句子意思完整，语法正确的一种题型。该题型既考查学生的单词记忆和拼写能力，又考查学生对句子的理解和运用能力。 满分技巧        1. 跳过空格，不看选项，快速地阅读全文，从整体上感知全文，掌握大意，了解全篇的内容和要旨。 快速阅读时宁粗勿细，切忌只盯住一个句子仓促解题，这样势必因胸无全局而误入歧途。快速阅读时，还要注意找出关键词，这些词在文中起支撑骨架的功能，抓住了关键词就抓住了故事的线索。特别是要重视首句，善于以首句的时态、语气为立足点，理清文脉，推测全文时态、主题及大意。 2. 复读短文，确定语义，判断词形。 把握短文大意后再认真复读短文，利用上下文的语境，结合所学过的知识，先确定空格处所需词语的意义，再根据空格在句子中的位置，判断其在句中充当的成分，从而确定所填词的词性，再依据词语搭配和语法规则，判断所填词的正确形式。如短文难度较大，尤其是难于选词时，从本句的前后观察中一时尚不得要领，就要进一步扩大到上下文中分析。 3. 三读短文，上下参照，验证答案。 在短文的空白处分别填上一个词后，将完成的短文再细读一遍，上下参照，连贯思考。可从上下文内容是否协调一致、顺理成章，语法结构是否正确无误等进行综合验证，凡有疑问必须重新推敲考虑。 一、利用句子成分判断词性 掌握七种句子成分与十种词性的对应关系。通过对单一成分的分类练习， 掌握该句子成分与何种词性相对应。词性正确是答案正确的前提。 （1）   对主语的判断 1.  H______ is more important to me than money. 2.  E_______ knows that exercise is important. 3.  Some famous s______ are going to give a concert in our city this weekend. 4. P______ wild animals is everyone’s duty. 5. K______ pets is my favorite hobby. 分析 以上练习中，填入词均为句子的主语。主语是动作的发出者，词性主要为名词与代词(1、2题)；动词不能直接用作主语，必须转化成其对应的名词或动名词（3-5题）。此外，形容词前加或从句也可做主语。 （2）   对谓语的判断 分析 谓语是句子所表示的动作，词性只能是动词，在句子中不能缺。当一个句子同时出现两个或两个以上的动词时，我们可通过他们的相互关系来判断动词的形式。多做用动词的适当形式填空有助于对动词形式的判断。 1.That was the day I p          my driving test. 2. Then, the tester b_________ asking me questions about driving. 3. The correct way to cross the road is to walk quickly when the traffic lights t           green. 4. when he was a little older, Billy’s mother g         him some pencils and a drawing book. （3）   对宾语的判断 分析 宾语是动作的承受者，分动词宾语于介词宾语两种。宾语的词性与主语的词性一样，但是代词做宾语时必须用宾格。 1. Two friends were walking through a desert. During the j_________ they had a quarrel. 2. But when someone does s_______ good for us, we must write it on the stone where wind can hardly erase it.”(some) （4）   对表语的判断 分析  表语是连系动词后接的成分。词性主要为形容词、名词、介词短语，动词必须改成to do、 doing 、done的形式。 1.  The panda is an u________animal in China. 2.  The doctor came as soon as p            . 3.  My d______ is to be a popular singer when I grow up. （5）   对定语的判断 分析  定语是修饰名词与代词的成分。词性以形容词、序数词、介词短语为主。名词修饰名词说明后面名词的性能或用途。如：bookshop/ history teacher.动词必须变形为to do、 doing 、done的形式。 1.   I am a p_______ man , too. I have no money for you. 2.  “Well, then my dear friend, you’ve lost your w         life.” （6）   对状语的判断    分析 状语说明动作发生的时间、地点、原因、方式、目的、结果、条件、伴随情况。词性以副词为主，也可以是介词短语，动词必须变形为to do、 doing 、done的形式。 1. They often go to farmers’ houses to eat their food and then walk s      to their mountain. 2.  Watch c_____, and you will find out the differences between the two pictures. 3.  It was rainy.  Several times he n_______  fell off the ladder. （7）   对连词的判断 分析 在英语中，并列连词and, but, or, so, not only… but also, either…or, neither…nor, as well as, both…and等都是连接并列的词、词组；从属连词连接主句与从句。 1.  The pandas face looks like a cat’s, but its fat body short tails look like a bear’s.  S___ people call this animal “bearcat”. 2.   He could not get out b      he hurt his leg. 3.   Exercising is not only good for our body, b____ also good for our mind. 4.   I’ll be free this weekend.  So you can come e______ on Saturday or on Sunday. 二、掌握词性转化技巧 在牢记了七种句子成分与十种词性的对应关系后。多做做综合的“用所给单词的正确形式填空”， 提高对句子成分的判断能力，并熟练掌握词性转化的技巧是成功通向首字母的第二步。 三、培养发散思维能力  有意识地在平时教学中培养学生的发散思维能力，或称为“猜谜”的能力。 Exercises: Guessing the missing word 1.  _______ are helpful to students. 2.  _______ are helpful to students.  They give us energy. 3.  _______ are helpful to students.  They keep us healthy. 4.  _______ are helpful to students.  They make us study better.   分析 观察一下你会发现，这几题的答案并不是唯一的，只要合乎逻辑皆可。第一题可以是teachers, doctors, exercises, books等等，一切有益于学生的复数名词都可作为正确答案。第二题受energy的限制，答案要少一些，可以是 all kinds of food. 第三题的限制词是healthy，因此exercises , good habits 等。第四题的限制是make us study better. 一些好的books, study ways 等都可以。  以上练习说明解首字母填空题需要如下技能：1.对所缺词的句子成分必须作出精确判断,然后选择正确的词性,即必须熟练掌握句子成分与词性的对应关系. 2. 必须训练自己扩散性思维能力,如同猜谜,因为词义的确定依靠对句中限制信息的判断得出. 3.良好的语法基本功.在确定好词性与词义后,单复数\时态的确定建立在良好的语法基本功之上. 四、提高综合运用能力 要正确解答首字母填空题,还须对词性、词义、词形精确判断，这就需提高语言的综合运用能力。 一、根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。在答题卡标有题号的横线上，写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空一词） As one of China’s brightest young table tennis stars, Wang Chuqin is now the men’s singles world No l spot, the International Table Tennis Federation (ITTF) said on March 19. The 23-year-old is w 1 for his aggressive (侵略性的) left-handed playing style. Less common in the sport, left-handed p 2 often leave their opponents (对手) surprised “by the different angles (角度) that lefties can produce,” wrote the online table tennis platform PingSunday. He sometimes lost his temper on the court. D 3 the ITTF World Tour Austrian Open in 2019, he threw his racquet (球拍) in a 4 after losing a match. Because of this, he wasn’t a 5 to play for three months. Now, Wang has turned h 6 into a calmer player. “I just want to keep improving,” Wang told China Daily. He added that his strong will to win and go after his goals helps him to grow and become b 7 . Away from the table, with his cool clothes and hairstyle, many take Wang as an outgoing person. H 8 , “I am relatively (相对地) quiet,” Wang told the Olympics website. “I don’t speak very much...I prefer the feeling of s 9 time alone.” While many see Wang as a favorite to win at the 2024 Paris Olympics, he feels a bit nervous because he’s never competed at one before. But he stays optimistic. “You may only have the experience of the Olympics o 10 in your life, so I want to do my best and go all out to play well,” Wang said. 二、根据短文内容及首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整，每空一词。 Phineas is no common cat. He suffers from a condition that causes him to wobble (摇晃) and fall over when he walks. However, his u 11 way of walking has made him a star on social media, with two million followers. This has also h 12 increase the attention to the rare diseases like the cat’s condition in humans. More and more people get to know the challenges faced by these p 13 and their families. Phineas was born with a disorder in one part of his brain, which works for helping make a balance and coordination when walking or doing some other things. He was found as a stray kitten (流浪猫) and taken to an a 14 center. There Phineas was taken good care of and later adopted (领养) by a couple who heard about his s 15 on social media. The couple are both biomedical (生物医学的) scientists and have lots of researches in the nervous system. They decided to care for Phineas with their much k 16 and experience. They considered living with him b 17 they want to learn more about the diseases and get ideas for their research. They even created a social media account for Phineas to s 18 his daily adventures with the followers and teach people how to face conditions like his. They a 19 call on the people to raise money to support animals and people in need. Phineas has become a symbol of h 20 for many of those with conditions related to the nervous system. His wobbly walk also reminds us that we can still enjoy life even in the hardest times. 三、根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。 As the weather gets warmer, it’s the perfect time to plan a day at the beach. There, you can enjoy a 21 like swimming, surfing, and building castles in the sand. However, it’s important to keep beach safety in mind. Now, there is a new AI water management system that can help prevent drownings (溺水). Sight-bit was developed by a company which can be used to help s 22 lives. This program was created later, a 23 its creator saw someone drowning at the Dead Sea. He believed this could have been stopped and s 24 working on this program. The Sight-bit system works by using cameras at the beach to read the water conditions. The AI is able to w 25 the videos and find dangers. For example, it can tell when the waves are d 26 or if someone is in trouble in the water. The system can also tell the differences between adults, children and different kinds of boats. The information helps beach safety officers know where and when someone needs h 27 . Then they can receive warnings on devices (设备) like smartphones and smartwatches. This way, they can act q 28 to stop accidents. Now, this technology is used in many places around the world, including p 29 beaches, private clubs, and resorts (度假胜地). The creator’s goal is for every beach to be a safe place where families can enjoy their time w 30 worry. This technology shows how science and caring for others can make a big difference in keeping us safe while we are having fun. It’s a great example of what can be achieved when we use new ideas to solve real-world problems. 四、根据短文内容及首字母提示填写所缺单词，使短文完整、通顺。 Recently, a new kind of tourism has a 31 in China. Called special forces style tourism (特种兵式旅游), the characteristic of this new kind of tourism is visiting plenty of interests in a short period, m 32 often on weekends. Most of these visitors are c 33 students, reported China Youth Daily. Yu Yinghua in Shanghai University is one of them. The 22-year-old started the “special forces style tourism” in March after she was attracted by such e 34 of Xiaohongshu travel bloggers. “Confined to the school for almost three years because of the pandemic, I’m hungry to take trips in my spare time,” said Yu. “Now it’s time! Spring has come and we can go out to enjoy the beautiful n 35 sights.”                    Most of her trips are started with an idea from her daily life, such as a place mentioned in a chat with friends. “But m 36 a plan carefully ahead is important,” Yu said. She a 37 that as she selected every destination (目的地) in the city, she was able to find a lot of information and learn more about t 38 sites. That would help her save time when traveling and enjoy the attractions better. Her most recent trip was to Shanghai. Starting at 7 a.m., the 22-year-old visited nine local attractions. “That day, I walked almost 30,000 steps.”Yu said, “T 39 it’s a bit tiring, I enjoy the trip as much as days-long trips. It still lets me have a b 40 understanding of the cities I go to.” 五、根据短文内容及首字母提示填写所缺单词，使短文完整、通顺。 In the evening I walk across the moor and up the hill. I want to find the rock w 41 I saw the tall thin man. Suddenly I see an old cave. Perhaps this is the stranger’s h 42 place. I go to the entrance with my gun in my hand and look in. There is a loaf of bread and the r 43 of a fire inside the cave. This must be his place! So I decide to hide in the cave and wait. After a while I hear footsteps. “It is a l 44 evening, my dear Watson,” says a voice, I know well. “How are you?” It is Sherlock Holmes! “I’ve got some interesting information. Miss Stableton is not Mr. Stapleton’s sister, but his wife.” “Good heavens, Holmes! Are you s 45 of this?” “In your report you say that Stapleton was a teacher. After a little study, I d 46 that a teacher took a lot of money from a school. Then he disappeared with his wife.” Suddenly we hear a terrible s 47 . “Oh, my goodness!” I asked. “What is it?” Then we find a man l 48 on the ground. As we approach, we see the dead body of Sir Henry Baskerville! He is wearing his brown tweed suit. Holmes bends over to c 49 the body. Suddenly he begins laughing. “A beard!” He says. “This man has a beard!” “It is not Sir Henry. It is the escaped prisoner, Selden! So Selden is dead because of this s 50 .” says Holmes. —Taken from The Hound of the Baskervilles 六、根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使其意思完整。 Chinese chopsticks, an ancient and unique tableware (餐具), carry important cultural meanings. They began in China over three thousand years ago. Chopsticks are usually made from bamboo, w 51 , metal or plastic, with sharp ends for picking up food. In Chinese eating, there are important r 52 for using chopsticks. People believe that it’s not good to stick them into food b 53 it is unlucky. Also, p 54 at people with chopsticks or waving them in the air is impolite. Furthermore, using chopsticks as drumsticks is not allowed, which is a 55 good manners. Chopsticks have s 56 worldwide, being used in many Asian countries. What’s really interesting to see is that more and more Western people are w 57 to experience using chopsticks for dining. There’s no doubt that eating with chopsticks is becoming more popular. Nowadays, chopsticks come in different styles, from traditional bamboo to m 58 eco-friendly materials. It shows how people care about the environment and stay healthy. What’s more, chopsticks play a big role in Chinese cooking culture. They have become a b 59 between the East and the West in cultural exchange. They represent how Chinese like to eat together nicely and p 60 , as well as Chinese dining customs. Generally speaking, chopsticks have completely become a symbol of Chinese food culture. They also show the wisdom of Chinese people. 七、根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使其意思完整。 Li Huaiyuan, a primary school student from Hunan Province, takes his favourite Changsha dialect (方言) course every Friday afternoon. Li’s parents are from different places in Hunan Province and speak different dialects, so the f 61 communicate mainly in Mandarin (普通话). “I take the course because I want to learn different dialects. I’m glad that I have a c 62 to learn Changsha dialect at school,” the boy said. According to Li Xiaoling, headmaster of the school, it’s helpful to promote (推行) Mandarin, but it’s also important to p 63 dialects. She started the dialect course for students last September, and lots of professors from universities have agreed to t 64 . Except for listening and speaking, students also learn idioms (习语) and the c 65 behind the dialect. Zhou Sheng, a teacher of the course, said he spent more than ten years working in other cities. When he r 66 to Changsha, the dialect sounded strange to him as it was heavily influenced by Mandarin. “Many people are w 67 about the disappearance of the dialect as it is becoming less used in their daily lives,” Zhou said. The course has also won s 68 from local people. They say such courses should be offered to students at d 69 levels of education. “We do not expect all children to learn perfect Changsha dialect, but they should understand the i 70 of dialects. One day they may work for the research and protection of dialects as they grow older,” said Zhou. 八、根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空一词。 The Horsetail Falls are one of the Yosemite National Park’s most amazing views. Around the second week of February, the setting sun h 71 the Horsetail Falls at just the right angle (角度) to light the upper reaches of the falls. When c 72 are right, the Horsetail Falls become orange and red at sunset. They are just l 73 red-hot lava (熔岩) pouring down from the top of the El Capitan (酋长岩), so they got the name “firefalls”. The firefalls are an amazing m 74 of the weather, the falls, the time and the watching place. People can see them on dry, warm and cloudless days. There must be e 75 flowing water to make the firefalls. There should also be plenty of snow on the mountain top, and it t 76 into water in warm afternoon. The sun goes to the best place at the Horsetail Falls in late February. The best time to watch the falls is 5 to 15 minutes b 77 the sunset comes. Only at this time can visitors see the firefalls. The El Capitan Picnic Area is the best place to watch, because it is close to the falls and is p 78 to set up cameras and tents. Every year in February, several thousands of photographers come to watch the firefalls. The view may a 79 just minutes, so people have to come hours earlier to get a right place to set their cameras in time. “I’m just saying the Yosemite firefalls are something you don’t want to miss d 80 the winter,” said Kate Moore, a traveller and lead content creator for a travel website. “If you want to learn more about the Horsetail Falls, welcome to our travel website,” she added. 一、（2024·江苏连云港·中考真题）根据短文意思和首字母提示，写出一个完整正确的单词。 Community connects us with each other. A community is a p 1 where people live, work and play together. It’s just like a school, where s 2 help each other to learn. People in a community h 3 one another, too. People in a community have different skills. They often help neighbors s 4 all kinds of problems. For example, sometimes people do not feel well. The d 5 and nurses will make them feel better. There are also some engineers. They may help people f 6 their broken bicycles or washing machines. When people don’t know what to wear to a party or how to design their homes, the artists will give them some a 7 . Some college students work as volunteers in their s 8 time. They often do some cleaning for the old people and help students with their h 9 . Community is not a building or an organization. It is like a big f 10 . Members of a community have a sense of trust, safety and caring for each other. 二、（2024·天津·中考真题）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。 Long ago, the early people did not live in houses as we do today. Most of the homes were in caves or shelters (遮蔽物) which were built in trees. These ‘homes’ were only used as temporary (临时的) shelters to p 11 them from the sun, the rain and the wild animals in the forests. Men of that time were called ‘cave people’. These ‘cave people’ usually lived in small groups and life was not e 12 for them. They had to move from place to place to s 13 for food. They would hunt, fish or pick wild fruit. When they couldn’t find a 14 to eat, they would leave to find another proper place. Their tools were very simple. They ate raw (生的) food u 15 they learnt how to make a fire. For clothing, they used only the bark (树皮) of trees or the skins (皮) of animals to c 16 their bodies. However, the lives of the ‘cave people’ changed. They collected the seeds (种子) of wild plants that g 17 in the forests. Soon they learnt to plant fruit, vegetables and other crops. They also kept cows, sheep and other kinds of farm a 18 for milk, meat and skins. They became f 19 and lived in only one certain area. Their groups became l 20 than before as they lived more settled (固定的) lives. They built houses as long-lasting homes, and as a result, villages and towns developed quickly. The ‘cave people’ began to be civilized (文明的). 三、（2024·江苏扬州·中考真题）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。在答题卡标有题号的横线上，完整地写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空一词） Even though my grandfather was a farmer, my grandmother would iron his work clothes every day. Grandmother mixed up her own starch (淀粉浆) in a glass b 21 with a metal cap that had several holes. She sprinkled Grandfather’s jeans with the starch, hung them over a chair for a few minutes, and then i 22 them. Because I watched her do this through my childhood, I thought every old woman did it. But as the years passed, I began to question this p 23 . Why did Grandfather need his work clothes ironed? Most days, he never saw anyone b 24 me and maybe a few other farmers. The clothes became dirty in just a short time. Why did Grandmother s 25 devote time and effort to ironing Grandfather’s clothes that were rarely seen? One day when I was about 13, I asked Grandmother about it. She told me Grandfather was the most handsome man in the world. Later that day, I looked c 26 at Grandfather. He sure didn’t look so handsome to me. He was short and fat with false teeth (假牙). Later I told her my thought. She gave me a girlish smile and said, “You just aren’t looking in the right light, Cathy. I remember when he had r 27 teeth. He has the most beautiful eyes I have ever seen. They are e 28 the same color as the sky just before the sun goes down. I want the world to see my h 29 as the most beautiful man. I want him to feel beautiful. I iron his clothes every day because for all these years, he has made me feel beautiful.” The years went on, and I watched Grandmother and Grandfather grow old together. I was probably 30 when I u 30 what beauty really was. It was Grandmother ironing Grandfather’s jeans with starch from a glass bottle. 四、（2023·江苏盐城·中考真题）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使其意思完整。 Fu Ting lost her right arm in an accident when she was 3. At the a 31 of 13, she went to a sports school in Xiangtan, Hunan Province. She began swimming t 32 there. Fu Ting took part in Athens 2004 Paralympic Games and other events d 33 her years as an athlete, and won 18 gold medals. After retiring in 2004, Fu Ting decided to e 34 a university to study law. Through hard work, she graduated and worked as a lawyer. In 2017, Fu Ting set up a service group, p 35 free legal(法律的) help for the disabled. At the s 36 time, she also joined a volunteer group, sharing her life stories in primary and secondary schools, giving legal speeches in communities, in order to encourage more people to help those disabled people in n 37 . “In the face of the disabled, we should first ‘respect’ and t 38 ‘help’,” Fu Ting said. “I’m h 39 to help them with my own experience and knowledge. And I hope they can help make o 40 country better. I believe I will keep on doing that.” 五、（2023·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。 The movie Home Coming took the lead in the box office during the National Day holiday. It tells a story that took place in North Africa. After a war breaks out there, two Chinese diplomats（外交官）are o 41 to help evacuate（撤离）the overseas Chinese. After completing the first task successfully, they learn that another group of Chinese citizens is still in great d 42 . Realising that these people will die if they don’t give a hand, the two men travel through the war area. They r 43 their lives to help over 100 Chinese citizens go to a safe place. The movie not only shows how the two diplomats protect the people w 44 courage, but also shows their deep love for the country and people. Home Coming reminds many people of a similar real event which truly h 45 in Libya in 2011. Chinese Embassy helped the evacuation of more than 30,000 Chinese citizens. Behind this event were many e 46 of Chinese diplomats. After watching the film, a man recalled his personal e 47 11 years ago. “We are the lucky ones b 48 we have a strong country and are well protected,” he said. Home Coming is a hit partly because of the growing national pride and c 49 Chinese people have in our country. A review reads, “Chinese passport might not get you anywhere you want, but it can always b 50 you back home.” 六、（2023·江苏镇江·中考真题）根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空一词。 At the dinner table, Westerners use knives and forks, while the Chinese use chopsticks. S 51 at least 3,000 years ago, chopsticks have been the eating tool for the Chinese people. Ancient Chinese used pottery pots (陶罐) to cook food during the Pottery Age. And they used branches or bamboo sticks to p 52 up the food. Later on, they developed the habit of using the chopsticks. In general, the material of chopsticks can be d 53 into five groups: bamboo and wood, metal, jade, bone and chemical plastics. In Modern Chinese family life, people prefer to use the bamboo or wooden chopsticks b 54 they are good for the environment and cost a little. Using knives and forks or chopsticks brings about a difference not o 55 in lifestyle. For example, the use of knives and forks makes it c 56 for people to eat individually (分别地). And the use of chopsticks makes it possible for the family members to have meals t 57 . As the Westerners prefer to eat individually, they have the idea and habit of not d 58 on others after they grow into adults. The w 59 that Chinese people use chopsticks and eat with others around the table is connected with the lifestyle of the Chinese family. Nowadays, an increasing n 60 of foreign students are coming to China. They are happy to learn to use chopsticks and enjoy the pleasure of eating with friends around the table. 七、（2023·山东东营·中考真题）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容及首字母提示，在空白处填入一个适当的单词。 My parents got Arthur’s Family Laundromat (洗衣店) from my grandfather. It was a true family business. My father, my mother and my aunt were responsible for different jobs. E 61 my retired (退休的) grandfather helps with the cleaning now and then. My father said that the most important machine in the Laundromat wasn’t the washing machine. It was the coffee pot by the door. The coffee was free and almost every c 62 would have a cup and chat with my family while waiting for their clean clothes. In the hours a 63 school or on weekends, it was my job to keep the coffee pot full. At least ten times each day, I would clean up the wet coffee grounds (咖啡渣), weigh 40 g of coffee beans, fill the pot with water, and turn on the coffee machine. It was such a b 64 job that I could have done it in my sleep. I remember complaining one busy day. “W 65 do we have to give away coffee? We’re a Laundromat, not a coffee shop!” I said angrily. My father was surprised at my attitude. At once he s 66 what he was doing to talk to me. With a patient but serious expression on his f 67 he spoke: “Son, people choose our laundromat b 68 we serve them like friends. We offer them a cup of coffee. We chat with them, laugh with them and connect with them. People don’t just need a p 69 to clean their clothes. They need friendship. That is why your job is the most important job in the laundromat.” My father’s words had the expected effect. From then on, I do the job more c 70 . After all, I had the most important job in the laundromat. 八、（2023·江苏扬州·中考真题）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。在答题卡标有题号的横线上，完整地写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空一词） Peter Pan wishes Wendy, John and Michael, especially Wendy, would stay in Neverland forever, but finally the Darling children decide to fly back home and grow up. “Quick, Tink,” Peter whispers. “S 71 the window. Then when Wendy comes back, she will think her mother doesn’t love her anymore, and she will return to Neverland with me.” Mrs. Darling is playing the piano. Peter didn’t know the tune, Home, Sweet Home, b 72 he knows it’s saying, “Come back, Wendy, Wendy, Wendy.” Peter looks through the door and sees two big tears in Mrs. Darling’s eyes. “She loves Wendy,” he thinks. “But I love Wendy, too. We c 73 both have her.” He looks at Mrs. Darling again. The two tears are still sitting on her e 74 . “Oh, all right,” he says at last, sadly. Then he opens the window. When Wendy, John, and Michael arrive, they find the window o 75 for them. They all get into bed to surprise their mother. When Mrs. Darling goes back to the children’s room, they are all in their beds. They wait for her to say something, but she says n 76 . She thinks she is dreaming. She sits by the fire. The children are so w 77 . Why isn’t their mother happy to see them again? All three of them jump out of bed, run to her and shout, “Mother!” She realizes she is not d 78 anymore. Mr. Darling and Nana come in. They are all so happy. Peter w 79 them from the window but he is looking at something he will never have. Many years pass. When Peter visits Wendy again, she has g 80 up and has a daughter of her own. Peter is still a boy who can’t grow up. —Taken from Peter Pan 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 新九年级英语暑假作业15 短文首字母填空 完成时间：       月       日                  天气：             首字母填空是根据句意和已给出的首字母，在句子的空白处填上适当的单词，使句子意思完整，语法正确的一种题型。该题型既考查学生的单词记忆和拼写能力，又考查学生对句子的理解和运用能力。 满分技巧        1. 跳过空格，不看选项，快速地阅读全文，从整体上感知全文，掌握大意，了解全篇的内容和要旨。 快速阅读时宁粗勿细，切忌只盯住一个句子仓促解题，这样势必因胸无全局而误入歧途。快速阅读时，还要注意找出关键词，这些词在文中起支撑骨架的功能，抓住了关键词就抓住了故事的线索。特别是要重视首句，善于以首句的时态、语气为立足点，理清文脉，推测全文时态、主题及大意。 2. 复读短文，确定语义，判断词形。 把握短文大意后再认真复读短文，利用上下文的语境，结合所学过的知识，先确定空格处所需词语的意义，再根据空格在句子中的位置，判断其在句中充当的成分，从而确定所填词的词性，再依据词语搭配和语法规则，判断所填词的正确形式。如短文难度较大，尤其是难于选词时，从本句的前后观察中一时尚不得要领，就要进一步扩大到上下文中分析。 3. 三读短文，上下参照，验证答案。 在短文的空白处分别填上一个词后，将完成的短文再细读一遍，上下参照，连贯思考。可从上下文内容是否协调一致、顺理成章，语法结构是否正确无误等进行综合验证，凡有疑问必须重新推敲考虑。 一、利用句子成分判断词性 掌握七种句子成分与十种词性的对应关系。通过对单一成分的分类练习， 掌握该句子成分与何种词性相对应。词性正确是答案正确的前提。 （1）   对主语的判断 1.  H______ is more important to me than money. 2.   E_______ knows that exercise is important. 3.  Some famous s______ are going to give a concert in our city this weekend.. 4.   P______ wild animals is everyone’s duty. 5.   K______ pets is my favorite hobby. Key: 1. Health;  2. Everyone;  3. singers 4. Protecting 5. Keeping 分析 以上练习中，填入词均为句子的主语。主语是动作的发出者，词性主要为名词与代词(1、2题)；动词不能直接用作主语，必须转化成其对应的名词或动名词（3-5题）。此外，形容词前加或从句也可做主语。 （2）   对谓语的判断 分析 谓语是句子所表示的动作，词性只能是动词，在句子中不能缺。当一个句子同时出现两个或两个以上的动词时，我们可通过他们的相互关系来判断动词的形式。多做用动词的适当形式填空有助于对动词形式的判断。 1.That was the day I p          my driving test. 2. Then, the tester b_________ asking me questions about driving. 3. The correct way to cross the road is to walk quickly when the traffic lights t           green. 4. when he was a little older, Billy’s mother g         him some pencils and a drawing book. Key: 1.passed;  2. began;  3. turn 4. gave （3）   对宾语的判断 分析 宾语是动作的承受者，分动词宾语于介词宾语两种。宾语的词性与主语的词性一样，但是代词做宾语时必须用宾格。 1.   Two friends were walking through a desert. During the j_________ they had a quarrel. 2.  But when someone does s_______ good for us, we must write it on the stone where wind can hardly erase it.”(some) Key: 1.journey;  2. something （4）   对表语的判断 分析  表语是连系动词后接的成分。词性主要为形容词、名词、介词短语，动词必须改成to do、 doing 、done的形式。 1.  The panda is an u________animal in China.(usual) 2.   The doctor came as soon as p            . 3.  My d______ is to be a popular singer when I grow up.(be) Key: 1. unusual; 2. possible; 3 dream; （5）   对定语的判断 分析  定语是修饰名词与代词的成分。词性以形容词、序数词、介词短语为主。名词修饰名词说明后面名词的性能或用途。如：bookshop/ history teacher.动词必须变形为to do、 doing 、done的形式。 1. I am a p_______ man , too. I have no money for you. 2.  “Well, then my dear friend, you’ve lost your w         life.” Key: 1.poor;  2. whole; （6）   对状语的判断    分析 状语说明动作发生的时间、地点、原因、方式、目的、结果、条件、伴随情况。词性以副词为主，也可以是介词短语，动词必须变形为to do、 doing 、done的形式。 1. They often go to farmers’ houses to eat their food and then walk s________  to their mountain. 2. Watch c_____, and you will find out the differences between the two pictures. 3. It was rainy.  Several times he n_______  fell off the ladder. Key: 1.slowly;  2. carefully; 3. nearly; （7）   对连词的判断 分析 在英语中，并列连词and, but, or, so, not only… but also, either…or, neither…nor, as well as, both…and等都是连接并列的词、词组；从属连词连接主句与从句。 1.  The pandas face looks like a cat’s, but its fat body short tails look like a bear’s.  S___  people call this animal “bearcat”. 2.   He could not get out b      he hurt his leg. 3.   Exercising is not only good for our body, b____ also good for our mind. 4.    I’ll be free this weekend.  So you can come e______ on Saturday or on Sunday. Key: 1.So ;  2. because; 3. but; 4.either 二、掌握词性转化技巧 在牢记了七种句子成分与十种词性的对应关系后。多做做综合的“用所给单词的正确形式填空”， 提高对句子成分的判断能力，并熟练掌握词性转化的技巧是成功通向首字母的第二步。 三、培养发散思维能力  有意识地在平时教学中培养学生的发散思维能力，或称为“猜谜”的能力。 Exercises: Guessing the missing word 1.  _______ are helpful to students. 2.  _______ are helpful to students.  They give us energy. 3.  _______ are helpful to students.  They keep us healthy. 4.  _______ are helpful to students.  They make us study better.   分析 观察一下你会发现，这几题的答案并不是唯一的，只要合乎逻辑皆可。第一题可以是teachers, doctors, exercises, books等等，一切有益于学生的复数名词都可作为正确答案。第二题受energy的限制，答案要少一些，可以是 all kinds of food. 第三题的限制词是healthy，因此exercises , good habits 等。第四题的限制是make us study better. 一些好的books, study ways 等都可以。  以上练习说明解首字母填空题需要如下技能：1.对所缺词的句子成分必须作出精确判断,然后选择正确的词性,即必须熟练掌握句子成分与词性的对应关系. 2. 必须训练自己扩散性思维能力,如同猜谜,因为词义的确定依靠对句中限制信息的判断得出. 3.良好的语法基本功.在确定好词性与词义后,单复数\时态的确定建立在良好的语法基本功之上. 四、提高综合运用能力 要正确解答首字母填空题,还须对词性、词义、词形精确判断，这就需提高语言的综合运用能力。 一、根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。在答题卡标有题号的横线上，写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空一词） As one of China’s brightest young table tennis stars, Wang Chuqin is now the men’s singles world No l spot, the International Table Tennis Federation (ITTF) said on March 19. The 23-year-old is w 1 for his aggressive (侵略性的) left-handed playing style. Less common in the sport, left-handed p 2 often leave their opponents (对手) surprised “by the different angles (角度) that lefties can produce,” wrote the online table tennis platform PingSunday. He sometimes lost his temper on the court. D 3 the ITTF World Tour Austrian Open in 2019, he threw his racquet (球拍) in a 4 after losing a match. Because of this, he wasn’t a 5 to play for three months. Now, Wang has turned h 6 into a calmer player. “I just want to keep improving,” Wang told China Daily. He added that his strong will to win and go after his goals helps him to grow and become b 7 . Away from the table, with his cool clothes and hairstyle, many take Wang as an outgoing person. H 8 , “I am relatively (相对地) quiet,” Wang told the Olympics website. “I don’t speak very much...I prefer the feeling of s 9 time alone.” While many see Wang as a favorite to win at the 2024 Paris Olympics, he feels a bit nervous because he’s never competed at one before. But he stays optimistic. “You may only have the experience of the Olympics o 10 in your life, so I want to do my best and go all out to play well,” Wang said. 【答案】 1．(w)ell-known 2．(p)layers 3．(D)uring 4．(a)nger 5．(a)llowed 6．(h)imself 7．(b)etter 8．(H)owever 9．(s)pending 10．(o)nce 【导语】本文主要讲述了乒乓球世界冠军王楚钦的事迹。 1．句意：这位23岁的球员以他进攻性的左手打法而闻名。根据“is ...for his aggressive (侵略性的) left-handed playing style”及首字母可知，此处指他以进攻性的左手打法而闻名，be well-known for“因为……而闻名”。故填(w)ell-known。 2．句意：在线乒乓球平台PingSunday写道，左撇子选手在乒乓球运动中并不常见，他们的对手经常会对“左撇子能打出的不同角度”感到惊讶。空处在句中作主语，结合“in the sport”和“left-handed ...often leave their opponents (对手) surprised”及首字母可知，此处指左撇子运动员，player“选手”，结合leave可知，此处用复数名词，故填(p)layers。 3．句意：在2019年国际乒联世界巡回赛奥地利公开赛期间，他在输掉比赛后愤怒地扔掉了自己的球拍。根据“...the ITTF World Tour Austrian Open in 2019”可知是在2019年国际乒联世界巡回赛奥地利公开赛期间，during“在……期间”符合语境，故填(D)uring。 4．句意：在2019年国际乒联世界巡回赛奥地利公开赛期间，他在输掉比赛后愤怒地扔掉了自己的球拍。根据“after losing a match”可知输掉比赛后，生气地扔掉了球拍，in anger“生气地”。故填(a)nger。 5．句意：正因为如此，他被禁止参加比赛长达三个月。根据“to play for three months.”可知是不被允许参赛，be allowed to do“被允许做某事”。故填(a)llowed。 6．句意：现在，王已经变成了一个更冷静的球员。根据“turned...into a calmer player”及首字母可知，此处指“将自己变成一个更冷静的球员”，用反身代词himself“他自己”，故填(h)imself。 7．句意：他补充说，他对胜利和追求目标的强烈意志帮助他成长并变得更好。根据“helps him to grow and become ...”及首字母可知，应是帮助他成长，变得更好，better“更好的”，形容词作表语，故填(b)etter。 8．句意：然而，“我相对安静。”此处和前句是转折关系，用however连接。故填(H)owever。 9．句意：我更喜欢独处的感觉。根据“I don’t speak very much”和“...time alone”及首字母可知，此处指“独处”，也就是单独度过时间，spend“度过”，of后跟动名词作宾语，故填(s)pending。 10．句意：你一生中可能只经历一次奥运会。根据“You may only have the experience of the Olympics”可知可能一生中只能参加一次奥运会，once“一次”。故填(o)nce。 二、根据短文内容及首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整，每空一词。 Phineas is no common cat. He suffers from a condition that causes him to wobble (摇晃) and fall over when he walks. However, his u 11 way of walking has made him a star on social media, with two million followers. This has also h 12 increase the attention to the rare diseases like the cat’s condition in humans. More and more people get to know the challenges faced by these p 13 and their families. Phineas was born with a disorder in one part of his brain, which works for helping make a balance and coordination when walking or doing some other things. He was found as a stray kitten (流浪猫) and taken to an a 14 center. There Phineas was taken good care of and later adopted (领养) by a couple who heard about his s 15 on social media. The couple are both biomedical (生物医学的) scientists and have lots of researches in the nervous system. They decided to care for Phineas with their much k 16 and experience. They considered living with him b 17 they want to learn more about the diseases and get ideas for their research. They even created a social media account for Phineas to s 18 his daily adventures with the followers and teach people how to face conditions like his. They a 19 call on the people to raise money to support animals and people in need. Phineas has become a symbol of h 20 for many of those with conditions related to the nervous system. His wobbly walk also reminds us that we can still enjoy life even in the hardest times. 【答案】 11．(u)nusual 12．(h)elped 13．(p)atients 14．(a)nimal 15．(s)tory 16．(k)nowledge 17．(b)ecause 18．(s)hare 19．(a)lso 20．(h)ope 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了人们关心、帮助生来就患有大脑紊乱流浪猫——菲尼亚斯的故事。 11．句意：然而，他不寻常的走路方式让他成为了社交媒体上的明星，拥有200万粉丝。结合上文“causes him to wobble and fall over when he walks”和首字母“u”可知，此处是指不寻常的走路方式；unusual“不寻常的”，形容词，在句中作定语。故填(u)nusual。 12．句意：这也有助于提高人们对罕见疾病的关注，比如人类的猫病。结合下文“More and more people get to know the challenges”和首字母“h”可知，此处是指有助于提高人们对罕见病的关注；help“帮助”，动词；根据空前“has”可知，句子时态为现在完成时，help的过去分词为helped。故填(h)elped。 13．句意：越来越多的人开始了解这些患者及其家属所面临的挑战。结合“the rare diseases like the cat’s condition in humans”和首字母“p”可知，此处是指患有这些罕见病的病人；patient“病人”，可数名词；根据空前these可知，此处应用名词复数形式patients。故填(p)atients。 14．句意：它被发现时还是一只流浪猫，被送到了动物中心。结合“a stray kitten”和首字母“a”可知，此处是指动物中心；animal“动物”，名词，此处应用名词单数形式修饰名词center。故填(a)nimal。 15．句意：菲尼亚斯在那里得到了很好的照顾，后来被一对夫妇收养，他们在社交媒体上听到了他的故事。结合“a star on social media, with two million followers”和首字母“s”可知，此处是指那对夫妇听过菲尼亚斯的故事；story“故事”， 可数名词。故填(s)tory。 16．句意：他们决定用自己丰富的知识和经验来照顾菲尼亚斯。结合“The couple are both biomedical scientists”和首字母“k”可知，此处是指丰富的知识；knowledge“知识”，不可数名词。故填(k)nowledge。 17．句意：他们考虑和他住在一起，因为他们想更多地了解这些疾病，并为他们的研究找到灵感。结合句子结构和首字母“b”可知，前后两句为因果关系，前果后因，应用because引导状语从句。故填(b)ecause。 18．句意：他们甚至为菲尼亚斯创建了一个社交媒体账户，与粉丝们分享他的日常冒险，并教人们如何面对像他这样的情况。结合“his daily adventures with the followers”和首字母“s”可知，此处是指分享他的日常冒险；share“分享”，动词；根据空前不定式符号to可知，这里应用动词原形。故填(s)hare。 19．句意：他们还呼吁人们筹集资金来支持动物和需要帮助的人。结合上文“even created a social media account”和首字母“a”可知，此处是指他们也呼吁人们筹集资金；also“也，此外”，副词，在句中修饰动词，作状语。故填(a)lso。 20．句意：菲尼亚斯已经成为许多神经系统疾病患者希望的象征。结合语境和首字母“h”可知，此处是指希望的象征；hope“希望”，此处用作不可数名词。故填(h)ope。 三、根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。 As the weather gets warmer, it’s the perfect time to plan a day at the beach. There, you can enjoy a 21 like swimming, surfing, and building castles in the sand. However, it’s important to keep beach safety in mind. Now, there is a new AI water management system that can help prevent drownings (溺水). Sight-bit was developed by a company which can be used to help s 22 lives. This program was created later, a 23 its creator saw someone drowning at the Dead Sea. He believed this could have been stopped and s 24 working on this program. The Sight-bit system works by using cameras at the beach to read the water conditions. The AI is able to w 25 the videos and find dangers. For example, it can tell when the waves are d 26 or if someone is in trouble in the water. The system can also tell the differences between adults, children and different kinds of boats. The information helps beach safety officers know where and when someone needs h 27 . Then they can receive warnings on devices (设备) like smartphones and smartwatches. This way, they can act q 28 to stop accidents. Now, this technology is used in many places around the world, including p 29 beaches, private clubs, and resorts (度假胜地). The creator’s goal is for every beach to be a safe place where families can enjoy their time w 30 worry. This technology shows how science and caring for others can make a big difference in keeping us safe while we are having fun. It’s a great example of what can be achieved when we use new ideas to solve real-world problems. 【答案】 21．(a)ctivities 22．(s)ave 23．(a)fter 24．(s)tarted 25．(w)atch 26．(d)angerous 27．(h)elp 28．(q)uickly 29．(p)ublic 30．(w)ithout 【导语】本文主要介绍了一种新的人工智能水管理系统可以帮助防止溺水。 21．句意：在那里，你可以享受游泳、冲浪和在沙滩上建造城堡等活动。根据“like swimming, surfing, and building castles”可知这些都是活动，activity“活动”，此处用名词复数。故填(a)ctivities。 22．句意：瞄准器是由一家公司开发的，可以用来帮助拯救生命。根据“help prevent drownings”可知帮助阻止溺水，拯救生命，save“拯救”，help do sth.“帮助做某事”。故填(s)ave。 23．句意：这个程序是后来创建的，在它的创建者看到有人在死海溺水之后。根据“its creator saw someone drowning at the Dead Sea”可知在它的创建者看到有人在死海溺水之后，after“在……之后”。故填(a)fter。 24．句意：他认为这本可以停止，并开始着手这个项目。根据“working on this program”可知是开始这个项目，start“开始”，句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填(s)tarted。 25．句意：人工智能能够观看视频并发现危险。根据“the videos and find dangers”可知是观看视频发现危险，watch“观看”，动词不定式符号to后加动词原形。故填(w)atch。 26．句意：例如，它可以判断波浪何时危险，或者是否有人在水中遇到麻烦。根据“when the waves are...or if someone is in trouble in the water.”可知是判断海浪什么时候危险，作be动词的表语用形容词dangerous“危险的”。故填(d)angerous。 27．句意：这些信息有助于海滩安全工作人员知道何时何地有人需要帮助。根据“helps beach safety officers know where and when someone needs”可知是让他们知道何时何地有人需要帮助，help“帮助”。故填(h)elp。 28．句意：这样，他们可以迅速采取行动制止事故。根据“act...to stop accidents”可知是迅速采取行动，修饰动词用副词quickly“快速地”。故填(q)uickly。 29．句意：现在，这项技术在世界各地被使用，包括公共海滩、私人俱乐部和度假村。根据“beaches, private clubs”可知是公共海滩，public“公共的”。故填(p)ublic。 30．句意：创作者的目标是让每个海滩都成为一个安全的地方，让家人可以无忧无虑地享受时光。根据“enjoy their time...worry”可知是没有担心地享受时光，without“没有”。故填(w)ithout。 四、根据短文内容及首字母提示填写所缺单词，使短文完整、通顺。 Recently, a new kind of tourism has a 31 in China. Called special forces style tourism (特种兵式旅游), the characteristic of this new kind of tourism is visiting plenty of interests in a short period, m 32 often on weekends. Most of these visitors are c 33 students, reported China Youth Daily. Yu Yinghua in Shanghai University is one of them. The 22-year-old started the “special forces style tourism” in March after she was attracted by such e 34 of Xiaohongshu travel bloggers. “Confined to the school for almost three years because of the pandemic, I’m hungry to take trips in my spare time,” said Yu. “Now it’s time! Spring has come and we can go out to enjoy the beautiful n 35 sights.”                    Most of her trips are started with an idea from her daily life, such as a place mentioned in a chat with friends. “But m 36 a plan carefully ahead is important,” Yu said. She a 37 that as she selected every destination (目的地) in the city, she was able to find a lot of information and learn more about t 38 sites. That would help her save time when traveling and enjoy the attractions better. Her most recent trip was to Shanghai. Starting at 7 a.m., the 22-year-old visited nine local attractions. “That day, I walked almost 30,000 steps.”Yu said, “T 39 it’s a bit tiring, I enjoy the trip as much as days-long trips. It still lets me have a b 40 understanding of the cities I go to.” 【答案】 31．(a)ppeared 32．(m)ost 33．(c)ollege 34．(e)xperiences 35．(n)atural 36．(m)aking 37．(a)dded 38．(t)hese 39．(T)hough 40．(b)etter 【导语】本文主要介绍了在国内兴起的一种名为“特种兵式旅游”的新型旅游方式。 31．句意：最近，中国出现了一种新的旅游方式。根据“Recently, a new kind of tourism has a... in China.”可知是出现了新的旅游方式，appear“出现”，此处应用过去分词形式与空前has构成现在完成时，故填(a)ppeared。 32．句意：这种新型旅游被称为特种兵式旅游，其特点是在短时间内游览大量名胜，最常见的是在周末。根据“m... often on weekends”可知是指特种兵式旅游最常是在周末，most often“最经常”，固定短语，故填(m)ost。 33．句意：据《中国青年报》报道，这些游客大多是大学生。根据后文“Yu Yinghua in Shanghai University is one of them.”可知在上海大学所以是指大学生，college student“大学生”，固定短语，故填(c)ollege。 34．句意：这位22岁的女孩在被小红书旅游博主的这种经历所吸引后，于3月开始了“特种兵式旅游”。根据“she was attracted by such e... of Xiaohongshu travel bloggers”可知她是被旅游博主的经历吸引，experience“经历”，此处应用名词复数表泛指，故填(e)xperiences。 35．句意：春天来了，我们可以出去欣赏美丽的自然风光。根据“Now it’s time! Spring has come and we can go out to enjoy the beautiful n... sights.”可知春天是去欣赏自然风光的好时候，natural“自然的”，形容词作定语修饰名词sights，故填(n)atural。 36．句意：但提前仔细制定计划是很重要的。根据“m... a plan”可知是指制定计划，make a plan“制定计划”，此处应用动名词短语作主语，故填(m)aking。 37．句意：她补充说，由于她选择了城市中的每个目的地，她能够找到很多信息，并了解更多关于这些地点的信息。根据前文“‘But making a plan carefully ahead is important,’ Yu said.”及“She a... that as she selected every destination (目的地) in the city...”可知空后是她补充说的话，add“补充说”；根据“selected”可知时态为一般过去时，动词add应用过去式，故填(a)dded。 38．句意：她补充说，由于她选择了城市中的每个目的地，她能够找到很多信息，并了解更多关于这些地点的信息。根据“she selected every destination (目的地) in the city”可知此处是指了解更多关于她选择的这些目的地的信息，these“这些”，修饰名词sites，故填(t)hese。 39．句意：虽然有点累，但和为期几天的旅行一样让我感到享受。分析句子结构可知前后构成让步关系，应用though“虽然”引导让步状语从句，故填(T)hough。 40．句意：它还让我更好地了解我去的城市。根据“It still lets me have a b... understanding of the cities I go to.”及语境可知是更好地了解了所去的城市，have a better understanding of“更好地了解”，固定短语，故填(b)etter。 五、根据短文内容及首字母提示填写所缺单词，使短文完整、通顺。 In the evening I walk across the moor and up the hill. I want to find the rock w 41 I saw the tall thin man. Suddenly I see an old cave. Perhaps this is the stranger’s h 42 place. I go to the entrance with my gun in my hand and look in. There is a loaf of bread and the r 43 of a fire inside the cave. This must be his place! So I decide to hide in the cave and wait. After a while I hear footsteps. “It is a l 44 evening, my dear Watson,” says a voice, I know well. “How are you?” It is Sherlock Holmes! “I’ve got some interesting information. Miss Stableton is not Mr. Stapleton’s sister, but his wife.” “Good heavens, Holmes! Are you s 45 of this?” “In your report you say that Stapleton was a teacher. After a little study, I d 46 that a teacher took a lot of money from a school. Then he disappeared with his wife.” Suddenly we hear a terrible s 47 . “Oh, my goodness!” I asked. “What is it?” Then we find a man l 48 on the ground. As we approach, we see the dead body of Sir Henry Baskerville! He is wearing his brown tweed suit. Holmes bends over to c 49 the body. Suddenly he begins laughing. “A beard!” He says. “This man has a beard!” “It is not Sir Henry. It is the escaped prisoner, Selden! So Selden is dead because of this s 50 .” says Holmes. —Taken from The Hound of the Baskervilles 【答案】 41．(w)here 42．(h)iding 43．(r)emains 44．(l)ovely 45．(s)ure 46．(d)iscover 47．(s)cream 48．(l)ying 49．(c)heck 50．(s)uit 【导语】本文节选自《巴斯克维尔猎犬》，讲述了华生和福尔摩斯在查找线索时发生的一些事情。 41．句意：我想找一块岩石，在那里我看到了那个瘦高的男人。句子是定语从句，先行词是the rock，关系词在从句中作地点状语，用where引导定语从句。故填(w)here。 42．句意：也许这是陌生人的藏身之处。根据“So I decide to hide in the cave”可知是这个的藏身之处，修饰名词用形容词hiding“隐藏的”。故填(h)iding。 43．句意：洞穴里有一块面包和一堆火。根据“a loaf of bread and the...of a fire”可知是有一块面包和一堆火的残骸，remain“残骸”，通常用复数。故填(r)emains。 44．句意：这是一个美好的夜晚。根据“my dear Watson”可知是一个美好的夜晚，lovely“美好的”。故填(l)ovely。 45．句意：你确定吗？根据“Good heavens...”可知是问福尔摩斯是否确定，sure“确定的”。故填(s)ure。 46．句意：经过一番研究，我发现一名教师从一所学校拿走了很多钱。根据“that a teacher took a lot of money from a school”可知是发现一名教师从一所学校拿走了很多钱，discover“发现”，介绍现在的情况，用一般现在时，主语是I，谓语动词用原形。故填(d)iscover。 47．句意：突然我们听到一声可怕的尖叫。根据“hear a terrible...”可知是听到了尖叫声，scream“尖叫”。故填(s)cream。 48．句意：然后我们发现一个人躺在地上。根据“on the ground”可知是躺在地上，lie“躺”，find sb. doing sth.“发现某人在做某事”。故填(l)ying。 49．句意：福尔摩斯弯下腰检查这个身体。根据“bends over to...the body”可知是弯下身检查，check“检查”，动词不定式符号to后加动词原形。故填(c)heck。 50．句意：所以塞尔登是因为这套西装才死的。根据“He is wearing his brown tweed suit”可知是因为误穿这套西装才死的，suit“西装”。故填(s)uit。 六、根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使其意思完整。 Chinese chopsticks, an ancient and unique tableware (餐具), carry important cultural meanings. They began in China over three thousand years ago. Chopsticks are usually made from bamboo, w 51 , metal or plastic, with sharp ends for picking up food. In Chinese eating, there are important r 52 for using chopsticks. People believe that it’s not good to stick them into food b 53 it is unlucky. Also, p 54 at people with chopsticks or waving them in the air is impolite. Furthermore, using chopsticks as drumsticks is not allowed, which is a 55 good manners. Chopsticks have s 56 worldwide, being used in many Asian countries. What’s really interesting to see is that more and more Western people are w 57 to experience using chopsticks for dining. There’s no doubt that eating with chopsticks is becoming more popular. Nowadays, chopsticks come in different styles, from traditional bamboo to m 58 eco-friendly materials. It shows how people care about the environment and stay healthy. What’s more, chopsticks play a big role in Chinese cooking culture. They have become a b 59 between the East and the West in cultural exchange. They represent how Chinese like to eat together nicely and p 60 , as well as Chinese dining customs. Generally speaking, chopsticks have completely become a symbol of Chinese food culture. They also show the wisdom of Chinese people. 【答案】 51．(w)ood 52．(r)ules 53．(b)ecause 54．(p)ointing 55．(a)gainst 56．(s)pread 57．(w)illing 58．(m)odern 59．(b)ridge 60．(p)olitely 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国的筷子的发展、使用规则及文化意义。 51．句意：筷子通常由竹子、木头、金属或塑料制成，末端锋利用来夹食物。根据“Chopsticks are usually made from bamboo, w..., metal or plastic”及首字母提示可知，空处应表达筷子由木头制成，wood“木头”，名词。故填(w)ood。 52．句意：在中国饮食中，使用筷子有一些重要的规则。根据“People believe that it’s not good to stick them into food because it is unlucky.”及首字母提示可知，此处应表达有一些规则，rule“规则”，可数名词，根据are可知，应用复数形式。故填(r)ules。 53．句意：人们认为把它们插入食物里是不好的因为这是不吉利的。根据“it is unlucky”可知，此句是上句的原因，故用because引导原因状语从句。故填(b)ecause。 54．句意：此外，用筷子指着别人或在空中挥舞筷子也是不礼貌的。根据“...at people with chopsticks”及首字母提示可知，应表达指着别人，point“指”，空处为动名词作主语。故填(p)ointing。 55．句意：此外，不允许用筷子当鼓槌，这是不礼貌的。根据“using chopsticks as drumsticks is not allowed”可知，用筷子当鼓槌是不礼貌的，空处应用介词against表示与……相反的。故填(a)gainst。 56．句意：筷子已经在世界范围内传播，在许多亚洲国家使用。根据“being used in many Asian countries.”可知，是表达在世界范围内传播，spread“传播”，根据have可知，句子为现在完成时，spread的过去分词为spread。故填(s)pread。 57．句意：真正有趣的是越来越多的西方人愿意体验用筷子吃饭。根据“There’s no doubt that eating with chopsticks is becoming more popular.”可知，应表达越来越多的西方人愿意体验用筷子吃饭，willing to do sth“愿意做某事”，固定搭配。故填(w)illing。 58．句意：如今，筷子有不同的风格，从传统的竹子到现代的环保材料。根据“eco-friendly materials”及首字母提示可知，应表达现代的环保材料，modern“现代的”，形容词修饰名词materials。故填(m)odern。 59．句意：它们已成为东西方文化交流的桥梁。根据“between the East and the West in cultural exchange”及首字母提示可知，应表达成为东西方文化交流的桥梁，bridge“桥梁”，可数名词，a修饰用单数。故填(b)ridge。 60．句意：它们代表了中国人喜欢很愉快很有礼貌地在一起吃饭，也代表了中国的饮食习惯。根据“how Chinese like to eat together nicely and...”及首字母提示可知，应表达中国人喜欢有礼貌地在一起吃饭，politely“礼貌地”，副词修饰动词eat。故填(p)olitely。 七、根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使其意思完整。 Li Huaiyuan, a primary school student from Hunan Province, takes his favourite Changsha dialect (方言) course every Friday afternoon. Li’s parents are from different places in Hunan Province and speak different dialects, so the f 61 communicate mainly in Mandarin (普通话). “I take the course because I want to learn different dialects. I’m glad that I have a c 62 to learn Changsha dialect at school,” the boy said. According to Li Xiaoling, headmaster of the school, it’s helpful to promote (推行) Mandarin, but it’s also important to p 63 dialects. She started the dialect course for students last September, and lots of professors from universities have agreed to t 64 . Except for listening and speaking, students also learn idioms (习语) and the c 65 behind the dialect. Zhou Sheng, a teacher of the course, said he spent more than ten years working in other cities. When he r 66 to Changsha, the dialect sounded strange to him as it was heavily influenced by Mandarin. “Many people are w 67 about the disappearance of the dialect as it is becoming less used in their daily lives,” Zhou said. The course has also won s 68 from local people. They say such courses should be offered to students at d 69 levels of education. “We do not expect all children to learn perfect Changsha dialect, but they should understand the i 70 of dialects. One day they may work for the research and protection of dialects as they grow older,” said Zhou. 【答案】 61．(f)amily 62．(c)hance 63．(p)rotect 64．(t)each 65．(c)ulture 66．(r)eturned 67．(w)orried 68．(s)upport 69．(d)ifferent 70．(i)mportance 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了湖南一所小学开设长沙方言课程，以保护方言。 61．句意：李的父母来自湖南省不同的地方，说不同的方言，所以家人主要用普通话交流。结合“communicate mainly in Mandarin”和首字母“f”提示可知，此处是指这家人主要用普通话交流；family“家人”，名词，此处是指家庭成员，表示复数概念。故填(f)amily。 62．句意：男孩说：“我很高兴我有机会在学校学习长沙话。”结合“to learn Changsha dialect at school”和首字母“c”可知，此处是指在学校学习长沙话的机会；chance“机会”，可数名词，根据空前不定冠词a可知，此处名词应用单数形式。故填(c)hance。 63．句意：该校校长李晓玲表示，推广普通话很有帮助，但保护方言也很重要。结合下文“protection of dialects”和首字母“p”可知，此处是指保护方言；protect“保护”，动词；根据空前不定式符号to可知，此处应用动词原形。故填(p)rotect。 64．句意：去年9月，她为学生开设了这门方言课程，许多大学教授都同意来教。结合“professors”和首字母“t”可知，此处是指许多教授同意来教授这门方言课程；teach“教，讲授”，动词；根据空前不定式符号to可知，此处应用动词原形。故填(t)each。 65．句意：除了听和说，学生还学习习语和方言背后的文化。结合“the … behind the dialect”和首字母“c”可知，此处是指方言背后的文化；culture“文化”，名词，此处指方言背后的风俗、信仰、艺术、生活方式等，为不可数名词。故填(c)ulture。 66．句意：当他回到长沙时，长沙话听起来很陌生，因为它深受普通话的影响。结合上文“working in other cities”和首字母“r”可知，此处是指在其他城市工作多年后，他回到长沙；return“返回”，动词，句子陈述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，谓语动词应用过去式returned。故填(r)eturned。 67．句意：“许多人担心方言的消失，因为它在日常生活中越来越少使用，”周说。结合“the disappearance of the dialect”和首字母“w”可知，此处是指许多人担心方言的消失，此处强调人们担心的状态，考查be worried about“担心”，形容词短语。故填(w)orried。 68．句意：该课程也赢得了当地民众的支持。结合上文“She started the dialect course for students last September, and lots of professors from universities have agreed to…”和首字母“s”可知，此处是指该课程得到了当地人们的支持；support“支持”，不可数名词。故填(s)upport。 69．句意：他们说，这些课程应该提供给不同教育水平的学生。结合“levels of education”和首字母“d”可知，此处是指不同教育水平的学生；different“不同的”，形容词，在句中作定语，修饰名词levels。故填(d)ifferent。 70．句意：我们不期望所有的孩子都能把长沙话学得很好，但他们应该明白方言的重要性。结合上文“it’s helpful to promote Mandarin, but it’s also important to … dialects.”和首字母“i”可知，此处是指方言的重要性；importance“重要性”，不可数名词，在句中作宾语。故填(i)mportance。 八、根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空一词。 The Horsetail Falls are one of the Yosemite National Park’s most amazing views. Around the second week of February, the setting sun h 71 the Horsetail Falls at just the right angle (角度) to light the upper reaches of the falls. When c 72 are right, the Horsetail Falls become orange and red at sunset. They are just l 73 red-hot lava (熔岩) pouring down from the top of the El Capitan (酋长岩), so they got the name “firefalls”. The firefalls are an amazing m 74 of the weather, the falls, the time and the watching place. People can see them on dry, warm and cloudless days. There must be e 75 flowing water to make the firefalls. There should also be plenty of snow on the mountain top, and it t 76 into water in warm afternoon. The sun goes to the best place at the Horsetail Falls in late February. The best time to watch the falls is 5 to 15 minutes b 77 the sunset comes. Only at this time can visitors see the firefalls. The El Capitan Picnic Area is the best place to watch, because it is close to the falls and is p 78 to set up cameras and tents. Every year in February, several thousands of photographers come to watch the firefalls. The view may a 79 just minutes, so people have to come hours earlier to get a right place to set their cameras in time. “I’m just saying the Yosemite firefalls are something you don’t want to miss d 80 the winter,” said Kate Moore, a traveller and lead content creator for a travel website. “If you want to learn more about the Horsetail Falls, welcome to our travel website,” she added. 【答案】 71．(h)its 72．(c)onditions 73．(l)ike 74．(m)atch 75．(e)nough 76．(t)urns 77．(b)efore 78．(p)erfect 79．(a)ppear 80．(d)uring 【导语】本文主要介绍了马尾瀑布上独特的美景以及最佳观赏时间。 71．句意：大约在二月的第二周，夕阳以恰到好处的角度照射在马尾瀑布上，照亮了瀑布的上游。根据“the setting sun…the Horsetail Falls at just the right angle”以及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“击中在瀑布上”，句子时态是一般现在时，因此此处用动词单数第三人称hits，意为“击中”。故填(h)its。 72．句意：当条件合适时，马尾瀑布在日落时变成橙色和红色。根据“the Horsetail Falls become orange and red at sunset.”以及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“条件合适”，condition意为“条件”，空后是are，因此此处用名词复数形式conditions，作主语。故填(c)onditions。 73．句意：它们就像从酋长岩顶倾泻而下的炽热熔岩，因此被称为“火瀑布”。根据“flowing water to make the firefalls.”以及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“像”，like意为“像”，介词。故填(l)ike。 74．句意：火瀑布是天气、瀑布、时间和观赏地点的完美结合。根据“The firefalls are an amazing…of the weather, the falls, the time and the watching place.”以及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“完美结合”，match意为“匹配”，名词，空前是an，因此此处用名词单数。故填(m)atch。 75．句意：必须有足够的流动水来制造瀑布。根据“There should also be plenty of snow on the mountain top”以及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“足够是流水”，enough意为“足够的”，形容词修饰名词。故填(e)nough。 76．句意：山顶上应该也有很多雪，在温暖的下午雪会变成水。turn into意为“变为”，固定词组，句子时态是一般现在时，主语是it，因此此处用动词第三人称单数。故填(t)urns。 77．句意：观看瀑布的最佳时间是日落前的5到15分钟。根据“The best time to watch the falls is 5 to 15 minutes…the sunset comes.”以及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“日落前”，before意为“在……之前”。故填(b)efore。 78．句意：酋长岩野餐区是观看的最佳地点是因为它靠近瀑布，非常适合架设摄像机和帐篷。根据“because it is close to the falls and is…to set up cameras and tents.”以及首字母提示可知，be perfect to意为“非常适合”。故填(p)erfect。 79．句意：景色可能只出现几分钟，所以人们不得不提前几个小时来找一个合适的地方及时摆好相机。根据“The view may…just minutes”以及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“出现几分钟”，appear意为“出现”，情态动词may后跟动词原形。故填(a)ppear。 80．句意：我只是说约塞米蒂瀑布是你冬天不想错过的地方。根据“you don’t want to miss…the winter”以及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“在冬天”，during意为“在……期间”，介词。故填(d)uring。 一、（2024·江苏连云港·中考真题）根据短文意思和首字母提示，写出一个完整正确的单词。 Community connects us with each other. A community is a p 1 where people live, work and play together. It’s just like a school, where s 2 help each other to learn. People in a community h 3 one another, too. People in a community have different skills. They often help neighbors s 4 all kinds of problems. For example, sometimes people do not feel well. The d 5 and nurses will make them feel better. There are also some engineers. They may help people f 6 their broken bicycles or washing machines. When people don’t know what to wear to a party or how to design their homes, the artists will give them some a 7 . Some college students work as volunteers in their s 8 time. They often do some cleaning for the old people and help students with their h 9 . Community is not a building or an organization. It is like a big f 10 . Members of a community have a sense of trust, safety and caring for each other. 【答案】 1．(p)lace 2．(s)tudents 3．(h)elp 4．(s)olve 5．(d)octors 6．(f)ix 7．(a)dvice 8．(s)pare 9．(h)omework 10．(f)amily 【导语】本文介绍了社区将人们紧密联系在一起，社区的人们互助友爱，就像一个大家庭。 1．句意：社区是人们一起生活、工作和娱乐的地方。根据首字母及“A community is a…where people live, work and play together.”可知，社区是人们生活、工作和娱乐的地方。place“地方”，名词，冠词a后用其单数形式。故填(p)lace。 2．句意：这就像一所学校，学生们互相帮助学习。根据首字母及“It’s just like a school”可知，社区像一所学校，学生们互相帮助学习。student“学生”，名词，help是动词原形，故名词应用复数形式。故填(s)tudents。 3．句意：社区里的人也会互相帮助。根据首字母及“…help each other to learn. People in a community…one another, too.”可知，此处指社区中的人们互相帮助。help“帮助”，动词。时态是一般现在时，主语是复数，谓语动词用其原形。故填(h)elp。 4．句意：他们经常帮助邻居解决各种各样的问题。根据首字母及“all kinds of problems”可知，此处指解决问题。solve“解决”，动词。help sb. do sth.“帮助某人做某事”，动词用其原形。故填(s)olve。 5．句意：医生和护士会让他们感觉好些。根据首字母及“For example, sometimes people do not feel well”可知，人们感到不舒服时，医生和护士会让他们感觉好些。doctor“医生”，可数名词，此处应用其复数形式表泛指。故填(d)octors。 6．句意：他们可以帮助人们修理坏了的自行车或洗衣机。根据首字母及“their broken bicycles or washing machines”可知，此处指修理坏了的自行车或洗衣机。fix“修理”，动词。help sb. do sth.“帮助某人做某事”，动词用其原形。故填(f)ix。 7．句意：当人们不知道穿什么去参加聚会或如何设计他们的家时，艺术家会给他们一些建议。根据首字母及“the artists will give them some…”可知，此处指艺术家会给出建议。advice“建议”，不可数名词，作动词宾语。故填(a)dvice。 8．句意：一些大学生在业余时间做志愿者。根据首字母及“Some college students work as volunteers in their…time.”可知，此处指大学生在业余时间做志愿者。spare“空闲的”，形容词，作定语修饰名词time。故填(s)pare。 9．句意：他们经常为老人打扫卫生，帮助学生做作业。根据首字母及“and help students with their…”可知，此处指大学生会帮助学生们做作业。homework“作业”，不可数名词。故填(h)omework。 10．句意：它就像一个大家庭。根据首字母及“It is like a big…”可知，此处指社区就像一个大家庭。family“家庭”，可数名词，被a修饰，用其单数形式。故填(f)amily。 二、（2024·天津·中考真题）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。 Long ago, the early people did not live in houses as we do today. Most of the homes were in caves or shelters (遮蔽物) which were built in trees. These ‘homes’ were only used as temporary (临时的) shelters to p 11 them from the sun, the rain and the wild animals in the forests. Men of that time were called ‘cave people’. These ‘cave people’ usually lived in small groups and life was not e 12 for them. They had to move from place to place to s 13 for food. They would hunt, fish or pick wild fruit. When they couldn’t find a 14 to eat, they would leave to find another proper place. Their tools were very simple. They ate raw (生的) food u 15 they learnt how to make a fire. For clothing, they used only the bark (树皮) of trees or the skins (皮) of animals to c 16 their bodies. However, the lives of the ‘cave people’ changed. They collected the seeds (种子) of wild plants that g 17 in the forests. Soon they learnt to plant fruit, vegetables and other crops. They also kept cows, sheep and other kinds of farm a 18 for milk, meat and skins. They became f 19 and lived in only one certain area. Their groups became l 20 than before as they lived more settled (固定的) lives. They built houses as long-lasting homes, and as a result, villages and towns developed quickly. The ‘cave people’ began to be civilized (文明的). 【答案】 11．(p)rotect 12．(e)asy 13．(s)earch 14．(a)nything 15．(u)ntil 16．(c)over 17．(g)rew 18．(a)nimals 19．(f)armers 20．(l)arger 【导语】本文主要介绍“穴居人”的生活。 11．句意：这些“家”只是用作临时庇护所，保护他们免受阳光、雨水和森林里的野生动物的侵害。根据“These ‘homes’ were only used as temporary (临时的) shelters to p...  them from the sun, the rain and the wild animals in the forests.”可知，这些“家”保护他们免受阳光、雨水和森林里的野生动物的侵害，protect“保护”，不定式结构中用动词原形，故填(p)rotect。 12．句意：这些“穴居人”通常生活在小群体中，生活对他们来说并不容易。根据“These ‘cave people’ usually lived in small groups and life was not e... for them.”可知，生活对他们来说并不容易，easy“容易的”，在句中作表语，故填(e)asy。 13．句意：他们不得不从一个地方搬到另一个地方寻找食物。根据“They had to move from place to place to s... for food.”可知，他们不得不搬家寻找食物，search for“寻找”符合语境，不定式结构中用动词原形，故填(s)earch。 14．句意：当他们找不到吃的东西时，他们会离开去找另一个合适的地方。根据“When they couldn’t find a... to eat, they would leave to find another proper place.”可知，找不到吃的东西时就会搬家，anything“任何东西”，用于否定句中，故填(a)nything。 15．句意：他们吃生的食物，直到学会如何生火。根据“They ate raw (生的) food u... they learnt how to make a fire.”可知，直到学会如何生火才不吃生的食物，until“直到”符合语境，故填(u)ntil。 16．句意：至于衣服，他们只用树皮或兽皮来遮盖身体。根据“they used only the bark (树皮) of trees or the skins (皮) of animals to c... their bodies”可知，他们只用树皮或兽皮来遮盖身体，cover“遮盖”，不定式结构中用动词原形，故填(c)over。 17．句意：他们收集了生长在森林中的野生植物的种子。根据“They collected the seeds (种子) of wild plants that g... in the forests.”可知，收集生长在森林中的野生植物的种子，grow“生长”，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填(g)rew。 18．句意：他们还饲养牛、羊和其他种类的农场动物，以获取牛奶、肉和皮。根据“They also kept cows, sheep and other kinds of farm a... for milk, meat and skins.”可知，饲养牛、羊和其他种类的农场动物，animal“动物”，“other kinds of”修饰可数名词复数，故填(a)nimals。 19．句意：他们成了农民，只住在一个特定的地区。根据“They became f... and lived in only one certain area.”可知，他们成了农民，farmer“农民”，主语“They”是复数，故填(f)armers。 20．句意：他们的群体变得比以前更大，因为他们的生活更加稳定。根据“Their groups became l... than before as they lived more settled (固定的) lives.”可知，他们的群体变得比以前更大，larger“更大的”，在句中作表语，故填(l)arger。 三、（2024·江苏扬州·中考真题）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。在答题卡标有题号的横线上，完整地写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空一词） Even though my grandfather was a farmer, my grandmother would iron his work clothes every day. Grandmother mixed up her own starch (淀粉浆) in a glass b 21 with a metal cap that had several holes. She sprinkled Grandfather’s jeans with the starch, hung them over a chair for a few minutes, and then i 22 them. Because I watched her do this through my childhood, I thought every old woman did it. But as the years passed, I began to question this p 23 . Why did Grandfather need his work clothes ironed? Most days, he never saw anyone b 24 me and maybe a few other farmers. The clothes became dirty in just a short time. Why did Grandmother s 25 devote time and effort to ironing Grandfather’s clothes that were rarely seen? One day when I was about 13, I asked Grandmother about it. She told me Grandfather was the most handsome man in the world. Later that day, I looked c 26 at Grandfather. He sure didn’t look so handsome to me. He was short and fat with false teeth (假牙). Later I told her my thought. She gave me a girlish smile and said, “You just aren’t looking in the right light, Cathy. I remember when he had r 27 teeth. He has the most beautiful eyes I have ever seen. They are e 28 the same color as the sky just before the sun goes down. I want the world to see my h 29 as the most beautiful man. I want him to feel beautiful. I iron his clothes every day because for all these years, he has made me feel beautiful.” The years went on, and I watched Grandmother and Grandfather grow old together. I was probably 30 when I u 30 what beauty really was. It was Grandmother ironing Grandfather’s jeans with starch from a glass bottle. 【答案】 21．(b)ottle 22．(i)roned 23．(p)ractice 24．(b)ut 25．(s)till 26．(c)arefully 27．(r)eal 28．(e)xactly 29．(h)usband 30．(u)nderstood 【导语】本文主要讲述了奶奶给爷爷熨烫衣服，在奶奶眼里，爷爷是世界上最帅气的人，很多年过后作者才真正明白真正的美是什么。 21．句意：祖母在一个有几个洞的金属盖的玻璃瓶里把自己的淀粉浆混合在一起。根据“It was Grandmother ironing Grandfather’s jeans with starch from a glass bottle.”可知是一个玻璃瓶，a后加可数名词单数bottle“瓶子”。故填(b)ottle。 22．句意：她在爷爷的牛仔裤上撒上淀粉，把它们挂在椅子上几分钟，然后熨好。 根据“my grandmother would iron his work clothes”可知奶奶给爷爷熨烫衣服，iron“熨烫”，本文时态为一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填(i)roned。 23．句意：但随着时间的推移，我开始质疑这种做法。根据“I thought every old woman did it. But as the years passed, I began to question this”可知作者开始怀疑熨烫衣服的通常的做法，this后加可数名词单数practice“常规”。故填(p)ractice。 24．句意：大多数时候，除了我和其他一些农民，他从来没有见过任何人。根据“he never saw anyone...me and maybe a few other farmers”可知是除了我和其他一些农民，他从来没有见过任何人，but“除了”。故填(b)ut。 25．句意：为什么祖母仍然花时间和精力为祖父熨很少见到的衣服？根据“devote time and effort to ironing Grandfather’s clothes that were rarely seen?”可知作者好奇为什么奶奶仍然花时间和精力为祖父熨很少见到的衣服，still“仍然”。故填(s)till。 26．句意：那天晚些时候，我仔细地看着爷爷。根据“looked...at Grandfather”可知是仔细观察爷爷，修饰动词用副词carefully“认真地”。故填(c)arefully。 27．句意：我记得他长着真牙的时候。根据“He was short and fat with false teeth”可知现在爷爷戴着假牙，但是奶奶记得爷爷长着真牙的时候，修饰名词用形容词real“真的”。故填(r)eal。 28．句意：它们与太阳下山前的天空颜色完全相同。根据“the same color as the sky just before the sun goes down.”可知爷爷眼睛的颜色和太阳下山前的天空颜色完全相同，故此处用副词exactly“确切地”。故填(e)xactly。 29．句意：我想让全世界都把我的丈夫看作最美丽的男人。根据“as the most beautiful man”可知奶奶想让全世界都把她的丈夫当作最漂亮的男人，husband“丈夫”。故填(h)usband。 30．句意：我大概30岁的时候才明白真正的美丽是什么。根据“what beauty really was”可知是理解真正的美丽是什么，understand“理解”，根据“was”可知句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填(u)nderstood。 四、（2023·江苏盐城·中考真题）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使其意思完整。 Fu Ting lost her right arm in an accident when she was 3. At the a 31 of 13, she went to a sports school in Xiangtan, Hunan Province. She began swimming t 32 there. Fu Ting took part in Athens 2004 Paralympic Games and other events d 33 her years as an athlete, and won 18 gold medals. After retiring in 2004, Fu Ting decided to e 34 a university to study law. Through hard work, she graduated and worked as a lawyer. In 2017, Fu Ting set up a service group, p 35 free legal(法律的) help for the disabled. At the s 36 time, she also joined a volunteer group, sharing her life stories in primary and secondary schools, giving legal speeches in communities, in order to encourage more people to help those disabled people in n 37 . “In the face of the disabled, we should first ‘respect’ and t 38 ‘help’,” Fu Ting said. “I’m h 39 to help them with my own experience and knowledge. And I hope they can help make o 40 country better. I believe I will keep on doing that.” 【答案】 31．(a)ge 32．(t)raining 33．(d)uring 34．(e)nter 35．(p)roviding 36．(s)ame 37．(n)eed 38．(t)hen 39．(h)appy 40．(o)ur 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了扶婷3岁因一场意外事故失去右臂。13岁时开始学习游泳，并参加了残奥会和其他比赛，获得了18枚金牌。退役后，学习法律，成为了一名律师。她用自己的经验和学识去帮助其他残疾人并鼓励大家帮助有需要的残疾人。 31．句意：13岁时，她去了湖南省湘潭市的一所体校。at the age of+年龄“……岁”。故填(a)ge。 32．句意：她开始在那里接受游泳训练。根据“Fu Ting took part in Athens 2004 Paralympic Games and other events...her years as an athlete, and won 18 gold medals”并结合所给首字母可知，扶婷是接受了游泳训练，“游泳训练”swimming training。故填(t)raining。 33．句意：作为运动员，扶婷参加了2004年雅典残奥会和其他比赛，获得了18枚金牌。根据“Fu Ting took part in Athens 2004 Paralympic Games and other events...her years as an athlete”并结合所给首字母可知，在她作为运动员的这些年间，她参加了很多比赛，“在……期间”during。故填(d)uring。 34．句意：2004年退役后，扶婷决定进入大学学习法律。根据“After retiring in 2004, Fu Ting decided to...a university to study law”可知，扶婷是退役之后决定进入大学学习法律，“进入”enter，根据decide to do sth.“决定做某事”可知，空格处应用动词原形。故填(e)nter。 35．句意：2017年，扶婷成立了一个服务团，为残疾人提供免费的法律帮助。根据“In 2017, Fu Ting set up a service group,...free legal(法律的) help for the disabled”并结合所给首字母可知，服务团是为残疾人提供免费法律援助的，provide sth. for sb.“为某人提供某物”，由于句子已有谓语动词，故空格处应用非谓语，此处为主动提供，故应用providing。故填(p)roviding。 36．句意：与此同时，她还加入了一个志愿者小组，在中小学分享自己的生活故事，在社区做法律演讲，以鼓励更多的人帮助那些有需要的残疾人。at the same time“同时”。故填(s)ame。 37．句意：与此同时，她还加入了一个志愿者小组，在中小学分享自己的生活故事，在社区做法律演讲，以鼓励更多的人帮助那些有需要的残疾人。根据“in order to encourage more people to help those disabled people in”可知，是帮助有需要的残疾人，in need“需要”。故填(n)eed。 38．句意：“面对残疾人，我们应该先‘尊重’，再‘帮助’。”扶婷说。根据“we should first ‘respect’ and...‘help’”可知，是先尊重，再帮助，and then“然后”。故填(t)hen。 39．句意：我很开心用自己的经验和知识来帮助他们。根据“to help them with my own experience and knowledge”并结合所给首字母可知，能用自己的经验和知识帮助残疾人，应该是很开心的，“开心的”happy。故填(h)appy。 40．句意：我希望他们能帮助我们的国家变得更好。根据“And I hope they can help make...country better”可知，是让我们的国家变得更好，空格处应用形容词性物主代词，“我们的”our。故填(o)ur。 五、（2023·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。 The movie Home Coming took the lead in the box office during the National Day holiday. It tells a story that took place in North Africa. After a war breaks out there, two Chinese diplomats（外交官）are o 41 to help evacuate（撤离）the overseas Chinese. After completing the first task successfully, they learn that another group of Chinese citizens is still in great d 42 . Realising that these people will die if they don’t give a hand, the two men travel through the war area. They r 43 their lives to help over 100 Chinese citizens go to a safe place. The movie not only shows how the two diplomats protect the people w 44 courage, but also shows their deep love for the country and people. Home Coming reminds many people of a similar real event which truly h 45 in Libya in 2011. Chinese Embassy helped the evacuation of more than 30,000 Chinese citizens. Behind this event were many e 46 of Chinese diplomats. After watching the film, a man recalled his personal e 47 11 years ago. “We are the lucky ones b 48 we have a strong country and are well protected,” he said. Home Coming is a hit partly because of the growing national pride and c 49 Chinese people have in our country. A review reads, “Chinese passport might not get you anywhere you want, but it can always b 50 you back home.” 【答案】 41．(o)rdered 42．(d)anger 43．(r)isk 44．(w)ith 45．(h)appened 46．(e)fforts 47．(e)xperience 48．(b)ecause 49．(c)onfidence 50．(b)ring 【导语】本文主要介绍了电影《万里归途》以及2011年发生在利比亚的撤侨事件。 41．句意：战争爆发后，两名中国外交官奉命帮助撤离海外华人。根据“two Chinese diplomats（外交官）are o...to help evacuate（撤离）the overseas Chinese”可知两名中国外交官被命令帮助撤离海外华人。此处应用order“命令”的过去分词和are构成被动语态，故填(o)rdered。 42．句意：在成功完成第一个任务后，他们得知另一群中国公民仍然处于极大的危险之中。be in great danger“处于巨大的危险中”，是固定短语。故填(d)anger。 43．句意：他们冒着生命危险帮助100多名中国公民转移到安全的地方。根据“their lives to help ”可知是指冒着生命危险。risk“冒……风险”，是动词，句子是一般现在时，主语是复数，动词用原形。故填(r)isk。 44．句意：这部电影不仅展示了两位外交官如何勇敢地保护人民，还展示了他们对国家和人民的热爱。根据“protect the people w...courage”可知此处应用介词with表伴随，故填(w)ith。 45．句意：《万里归途》让很多人想起了2011年发生在利比亚的类似事件。根据“a similar real event ”可知是指真实发生的事件，happen“发生”，句子是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填(h)appened。 46．句意：这一事件的背后是中国外交官的多方努力。根据“Behind this event were many e...of Chinese diplomats.”可知指的是中国外交官的努力，effort“努力”，many后加可数名词复数，故填(e)fforts。 47．句意：一名男子在看完这部电影后，回忆起了11年前的亲身经历。根据“ a man recalled his personal e...”可知是指个人经历，应用名词experience。故填(e)xperience。 48．句意：我们是幸运的，因为我们有一个强大的国家。前后是因果关系，应用because引导原因状语从句，故填(b)ecause。 49．句意：《万里归途》之所以大受欢迎，部分原因是中国人对自己国家的民族自豪感和自信心日益增强。根据“growing national pride and c...”结合语境可知，是指民族自豪感和自信心。应用名词confidence“自信心”。故填(c)onfidence。 50．句意：中国护照可能不能带你去任何你想去的地方，但它总能带你回家。根据“but it can always b...you back home.”可知中国护照可以带你回家，bring“带来”，情态动词can后加动词原形，故填(b)ring。 六、（2023·江苏镇江·中考真题）根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空一词。 At the dinner table, Westerners use knives and forks, while the Chinese use chopsticks. S 51 at least 3,000 years ago, chopsticks have been the eating tool for the Chinese people. Ancient Chinese used pottery pots (陶罐) to cook food during the Pottery Age. And they used branches or bamboo sticks to p 52 up the food. Later on, they developed the habit of using the chopsticks. In general, the material of chopsticks can be d 53 into five groups: bamboo and wood, metal, jade, bone and chemical plastics. In Modern Chinese family life, people prefer to use the bamboo or wooden chopsticks b 54 they are good for the environment and cost a little. Using knives and forks or chopsticks brings about a difference not o 55 in lifestyle. For example, the use of knives and forks makes it c 56 for people to eat individually (分别地). And the use of chopsticks makes it possible for the family members to have meals t 57 . As the Westerners prefer to eat individually, they have the idea and habit of not d 58 on others after they grow into adults. The w 59 that Chinese people use chopsticks and eat with others around the table is connected with the lifestyle of the Chinese family. Nowadays, an increasing n 60 of foreign students are coming to China. They are happy to learn to use chopsticks and enjoy the pleasure of eating with friends around the table. 【答案】 51．(S)ince 52．(p)ick 53．(d)ivided 54．(b)ecause 55．(o)nly 56．(c)onvenient 57．(t)ogether 58．(d)epending 59．(w)ay 60．(n)umber 【导语】本文主要介绍了中西方使用餐具的文化差异。 51．句意：至少从3000年前开始，筷子就一直是中国人的饮食工具。根据“have been”可知，句子是现在完成时， 结合首字母可知，应填since表示“自从”，故填(S)ince。 52．句意：他们用树枝或竹竿夹起食物。根据“used branches or bamboo sticks to p...up the food.”可知古时候人们用树枝或竹竿夹起食物，此处应用动词短语pick up，动词不定式符号to后，应用动词原形。故填(p)ick。 53．句意：一般来说，筷子的材料可以分为五类：竹木、金属、玉石、骨和化学塑料。be divided into“被分为……”，是固定搭配。故填(d)ivided。 54．句意：在现代中国家庭生活中，人们更喜欢使用竹筷或木筷，因为它们对环境有益，而且价格低廉。根据“people prefer to use the bamboo or wooden chopsticks b...they are good for the environment and cost a little.”可知人们现在喜欢使用竹筷或木筷是因为它们对环境有益，而且便宜。because“因为”符合语境，故填(b)ecause。 55．句意：使用刀叉或筷子带来的不仅仅是生活方式的不同。根据“Using knives and forks or chopsticks brings about a difference not o...in lifestyle.”以及下文介绍可知，人们使用刀叉或筷子带来的不仅仅是生活方式的不同。not only“不仅仅”，故填(o)nly。 56．句意：例如，刀叉的使用方便了人们单独吃饭。根据“the use of knives and forks makes it c...for people to eat individually (分别地).”可知刀叉很方便人们单独吃饭，convenient“方便的”，形容词作宾语补足语，故填(c)onvenient。 57．句意：筷子的使用使家庭成员一起吃饭成为可能。根据“the family members to have meals...”结合首字母可知，是指一起吃饭。together“一起”符合语境，故填(t)ogether。 58．句意：由于西方人喜欢单独吃饭，所以他们长大后有不依赖别人的观念和习惯。depend on“依赖”，是固定搭配，of是介词，后加动名词。故填(d)epending。 59．句意：中国人使用筷子和与他人一起吃饭的方式与中国家庭的生活方式有关。根据“Chinese people use chopsticks and eat with others around the table is connected with the lifestyle of the Chinese family”结合首字母可知，中国人使用筷子和与他人一起吃饭的方式与中国家庭的生活方式有关。way“方式”，名词。故填(w)ay。 60．句意：如今，越来越多的外国学生来到中国。an increasing number of表示“越来越多的”。故填(n)umber。 七、（2023·山东东营·中考真题）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容及首字母提示，在空白处填入一个适当的单词。 My parents got Arthur’s Family Laundromat (洗衣店) from my grandfather. It was a true family business. My father, my mother and my aunt were responsible for different jobs. E 61 my retired (退休的) grandfather helps with the cleaning now and then. My father said that the most important machine in the Laundromat wasn’t the washing machine. It was the coffee pot by the door. The coffee was free and almost every c 62 would have a cup and chat with my family while waiting for their clean clothes. In the hours a 63 school or on weekends, it was my job to keep the coffee pot full. At least ten times each day, I would clean up the wet coffee grounds (咖啡渣), weigh 40 g of coffee beans, fill the pot with water, and turn on the coffee machine. It was such a b 64 job that I could have done it in my sleep. I remember complaining one busy day. “W 65 do we have to give away coffee? We’re a Laundromat, not a coffee shop!” I said angrily. My father was surprised at my attitude. At once he s 66 what he was doing to talk to me. With a patient but serious expression on his f 67 he spoke: “Son, people choose our laundromat b 68 we serve them like friends. We offer them a cup of coffee. We chat with them, laugh with them and connect with them. People don’t just need a p 69 to clean their clothes. They need friendship. That is why your job is the most important job in the laundromat.” My father’s words had the expected effect. From then on, I do the job more c 70 . After all, I had the most important job in the laundromat. 【答案】 61．(E)ven 62．(c)ustomer 63．(a)fter 64．(b)oring 65．(W)hy 66．(s)topped 67．(f)ace 68．(b)ecause 69．(p)lace 70．(c)arefully 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者家的洗衣店提供免费咖啡，作者一开始向父亲抱怨，不明白为什么洗衣店要提供免费的咖啡，理解了父亲的意图之后，认真对待冲泡咖啡的工作。 61．句意：就连我退休的祖父也偶尔帮忙打扫。根据“It was a true family business.”及“my retired (退休的) grandfather helps with the cleaning now and then.”可知，此处强调甚至退休的祖父也在帮忙打扫，even“甚至”，故填(E)ven。 62．句意：咖啡是免费的，几乎每个顾客都会在等待干净衣服的时候和我的家人喝一杯聊天。根据“waiting for their clean clothes”可知，顾客在等待干净的衣服时会和作者的家人喝一杯咖啡，customer“顾客”，根据every可知，此空应填单数名词，故填(c)ustomer。 63．句意：在放学后或周末的几个小时里，我的工作就是让咖啡壶保持满满的。根据“school or on weekends”及首字母可知，此处指在放学后或在周末，after school“放学后”，故填(a)fter。 64．句意：这是一件很无聊的工作，我睡觉的时候都能做。根据“job that I could have done it in my sleep”及首字母可知，在睡觉的时候能做，说明它是一份很无聊的工作，boring“无聊的”，故填(b)oring。 65．句意：我们为什么要送咖啡？根据“We’re a Laundromat, not a coffee shop”可知，作者认为这是一个洗衣店而不是咖啡店，不懂为什么要送咖啡，故填(W)hy。 66．句意：他立刻停下手中的工作和我说话。根据“what he was doing to talk to me”及首字母可知，父亲停止了手里的工作，而来跟作者说话，stop“停止”，描述过去发生的事情，动词用过去式，故填(s)topped。 67．句意：他脸上带着一种耐心而严肃的表情说。根据“With a patient but serious expression on his”及首字母可知，脸上出现了一种耐心而严肃的表情，face“脸”，故填(f)ace。 68．句意：孩子，人们选择我们的洗衣店是因为我们像朋友一样服务他们。空格后“we serve them like friends”是解释人们选择作者家洗衣店的原因，故填(b)ecause。 69．句意：人们需要的不仅仅是洗衣服的地方。根据“People don’t just need a … to clean their clothes.”及首字母可知，不需要仅仅是洗衣服的地方，place“地方”，根据a可知，此空应填单数形式，故填(p)lace。 70．句意：从那时起，我更认真地做这项工作。根据“After all, I had the most important job in the laundromat”可知，听到了父亲的一席话，作者工作得更加认真了，此处副词修饰动词，carefully“认真地”，故填(c)arefully。 八、（2023·江苏扬州·中考真题）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。在答题卡标有题号的横线上，完整地写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空一词） Peter Pan wishes Wendy, John and Michael, especially Wendy, would stay in Neverland forever, but finally the Darling children decide to fly back home and grow up. “Quick, Tink,” Peter whispers. “S 71 the window. Then when Wendy comes back, she will think her mother doesn’t love her anymore, and she will return to Neverland with me.” Mrs. Darling is playing the piano. Peter didn’t know the tune, Home, Sweet Home, b 72 he knows it’s saying, “Come back, Wendy, Wendy, Wendy.” Peter looks through the door and sees two big tears in Mrs. Darling’s eyes. “She loves Wendy,” he thinks. “But I love Wendy, too. We c 73 both have her.” He looks at Mrs. Darling again. The two tears are still sitting on her e 74 . “Oh, all right,” he says at last, sadly. Then he opens the window. When Wendy, John, and Michael arrive, they find the window o 75 for them. They all get into bed to surprise their mother. When Mrs. Darling goes back to the children’s room, they are all in their beds. They wait for her to say something, but she says n 76 . She thinks she is dreaming. She sits by the fire. The children are so w 77 . Why isn’t their mother happy to see them again? All three of them jump out of bed, run to her and shout, “Mother!” She realizes she is not d 78 anymore. Mr. Darling and Nana come in. They are all so happy. Peter w 79 them from the window but he is looking at something he will never have. Many years pass. When Peter visits Wendy again, she has g 80 up and has a daughter of her own. Peter is still a boy who can’t grow up. —Taken from Peter Pan 【答案】 71．(S)hut 72．(b)ut 73．(c)an’t 74．(e)yes 75．(o)pen 76．(n)othing 77．(w)orried 78．(d)reaming 79．(w)atches 80．(g)rown 【导语】本文出自文学作品《彼得·潘》，讲述了小飞侠彼得·潘决定把朋友送回家的故事。 71．句意：关上窗户。根据“S... the window”可知，彼得想关上窗户，shut“关闭”符合语境，祈使句用动词原形开头。故填(S)hut。 72．句意：彼得不知道《家，甜蜜的家》这首曲子，但他知道它在说：“回来吧，温蒂，温蒂。”。根据“Peter didn’t know”和“he knows”可知，前后是转折关系，用but连接。故填(b)ut。 73．句意：我们不可能都拥有她。根据“She loves Wendy”和“But I love Wendy, too.”可知，他们都爱温蒂，但不能同时拥有她，can’t“不能”符合语境。故填(c)an’t。 74．句意：那两滴眼泪仍然留在她的眼睛上。根据“two tears”可知，眼泪仍然留在她的眼睛上，eye“眼睛”，用复数。故填(e)yes。 75．句意：当温蒂、约翰和迈克尔到达时，他们发现窗户为他们打开了。根据“Then he opens the window.”可知，窗户是开着的，open“打开的”，形容词作宾补。故填(o)pen。 76．句意：他们等她说什么，但她什么也没说。根据“They wait for her to say something, but…”可知，她什么也没说，不定代词nothing“什么都没有”符合语境。故填(n)othing。 77．句意：孩子们很担心。根据“Why isn’t their mother happy to see them again?”可知，孩子们是担心的，worried“担心的”，形容词作表语。故填(w)orried。 78．句意：她意识到自己不是在做梦了。根据“All three of them jump out of bed, run to her and shout, ‘Mother!’ ”可知，孩子们去喊妈妈，让她知道自己没有在做梦，孩子们真的回来了，dream“做梦”，用现在分词形式与is构成现在进行时。故填(d)reaming。 79．句意：彼得从窗户看着他们，但他看到的是他永远不会拥有的东西。根据“but he is looking at something he will never have.”可知，彼得在看着他们，watch“看，注视”符合语境，时态为一般现在时，主语是“Peter”，动词用三单。故填(w)atches。 80．句意：当彼得再次拜访温蒂时，她已经长大了，有了自己的女儿。根据“Many years pass.”可知，温蒂长大了，grow up“长大”，固定短语，grow用过去分词形式与has构成现在完成时。故填(g)rown。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$