专题13 阅读理解B篇（2024年新课标II卷） (专家评价+三年真题+满分策略+多维变式)-2024年高考英语新课标卷真题深度解析与考后提升

《2024年高考英语新课标卷真题深度解析与考后提升》 专题13 阅读理解B篇（新课标II卷）原卷版 (答案解析+专家评价+三年真题+词汇变式+满分策略+话题变式) 目录 一、原题呈现 P1 二、答案解析 P2 三、专家评价 P2 四、题源网站 P3 五、词汇变式 P4 (一)考纲词汇词形转换 P4 (二)考纲词汇识词知意 P4 (三)高频短语积少成多 P4 (四)核心考点单句填空 P4 (五)长难句分析 P5 (六)全文翻译 P5 六、三年真题 P6 (一)2023年新课标II卷阅读理解B篇 P6 (二)2022年新课标II卷阅读理解B篇 P7 (三)2021年新课标II卷阅读理解B篇 P8 七、满分策略 P9 八、话题变式 P11 新闻报道类阅读理解高考真题3篇 P11 新闻报道类阅读理解名校好题8篇 P14 ( 一、 原题呈现 ) 阅读理解A篇关键词: 新闻报道；人与社会；湾区捷运系统；自动售货亭；创新手法吸引游客 Do you ever get to the train station and realize you forgot to bring something to read? Yes, we all have our phones, but many of us still like to go old school and read something printed. Well, there’s a kiosk (小亭) for that. In the San Francisco Bay Area, at least. “You enter the fare gates (检票口) and you’ll see a kiosk that is lit up and it tells you can get a one-minute, a three-minute, or a five-minute story,” says Alicia Trost, the chief communications officer for the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit — known as BART. “You choose which length you want and it gives you a receipt-like short story.” It’s that simple. Riders have printed nearly 20,000 short stories and poems since the program was launched last March. Some are classic short stories, and some are new original works. Trost also wants to introduce local writers to local riders. “We wanted to do something where we do a call to artists in the Bay Area to submit stories for a contest,” Trost says. “And as of right now, we’ve received about 120 submissions. The winning stories would go into our kiosk and then you would be a published artist.” Ridership on transit (交通) systems across the country has been down the past half century, so could short stories save transit? Trost thinks so. “At the end of the day all transit agencies right now are doing everything they can to improve the rider experience. So I absolutely think we will get more riders just because of short stories,” she says. And you’ll never be without something to read. 24. Why did BART start the kiosk program? A. To promote the local culture. B. To discourage phone use. C. To meet passengers’ needs. D. To reduce its running costs. 25. How are the stories categorized in the kiosk? A. By popularity. B. By length. C. By theme. D. By language. 26. What has Trost been doing recently? A. Organizing a story contest. B. Doing a survey of customers. C. Choosing a print publisher. D. Conducting interviews with artists. 27. What is Trost’s opinion about BART’s future? A. It will close down. B. Its profits will decline. C. It will expand nationwide. D. Its ridership will increase. ( 二、答案解析 ) ( 三、专家评价 ) 坚持提倡五育并举，引导学生德智体美劳全面发展 高考英语命题通过选取有关体育、美育和劳动教育的语篇，引导学生坚持五育并举，实现身心健康成长和德智体美劳全面发展。试卷阅读A篇介绍了卡洛秋季徒步节的健身徒步活动，引导学生走近大自然，开展体育运动，文中提及多项注意事项，于潜移默化之中强调了运动安全的重要性。阅读B篇介绍了旧金山湾区快速交通系统（BART）为了提升乘客体验而推出的一个短篇小说打印亭项目，引导学生在电子设备盛行的当今不要忘记还有纸质阅读这一阅读方式可供选择，也强调了利用零散时间来进行阅读和学习的好习惯。阅读C篇讲述巴比伦微型农场通过室内自动化种植系统极大地缩短了农产品从农场到餐桌的距离，并实现了自动化管理和零排放的环保种植，而阅读D篇介绍了Catriona Campbell的新书《AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence》，引导学生思考人类与人工智能共存的未来，强调了全球监管人工智能研究和使用的重要性问题。这两篇难度较大的文章都从科技发展视角引导学生思考科技如何更好地服务于人类以及人类理性使用科技的问题。在美育方面，试题的写作第一节应用文写作任务中，设置情境为在公园上的一节美术课，引导学生回归自然之美，到自然中寻求人类艺术创作不竭的灵感源泉。这些文本都释放了强烈的信号，引导学生实现德智体美劳全面发展。 【中国考试·教育部教育考试院】 ( 四、题源网站 ) 【原文链接】 选自全国公共广播电台（NPR）2022 年6 月9 日 https://www.npr.org/2022/06/09/1103884811/san-francisco-transit-dispenses-short-stories-to-commuters ( 五、词汇变式 ) 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 一、考纲词汇词形转换 1. long adj.长的 → n 长度 2. origin n. 来源→ adj [熟词生义] 原创的 3. submit v 提交 → n 提交物 4. absolute adj. 绝对的→ adv 完全地 5. popular adj. 普及的→ n 受欢迎 6. publish vt 出版 → n 出版商 7. category n. 种类→ v将……分类 二、考纲词汇识词知意 1. old-school adj 2. chief adj 3. launch v 4. classic adj 5. call n 6. ridership n 7. agency n 8. discourage v 9. theme n 10. profit n 11. decline v 12. expand v 13. nationwide adv 三、高频短语积少成多 1. forget to do 2. at least 3. light up 4. as of 5. meet a need 6. conduct an interview 7. close down running costs n 四、核心考点单句填空 1. Do you ever get to the train station and realize you forgot ___________(bring) something to read? 2. Yes, we all have our phones, __________ many of us still like to go old school and read something ___________(print). 3. Well, there’s a kiosk (小亭) for that. In the San Francisco Bay Area, at ___________(little). 4.“You enter the fare gates (检票口) and you’ll see a kiosk that ___________(light) up and it tells you can get a one-minute, a three-minute, or a five-minute story,” says Alicia Trost, the chief communications officer for the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit — known ___________ BART. 5. “You choose ___________ length you want and it ___________(give) you a receipt-like short story.” 6. It’s that simple. Riders ___________(print) nearly 20,000 short stories and poems since the program ___________(launch) last March. 7. Some are classic short stories, and some are new ___________(origin) works. 8. Trost also wants to introduce local writers ___________ local riders. 9. “We wanted to do something where we do a call to artists in the Bay Area ___________(submit) stories for a contest,” Trost says. “And as of right now, we’ve received about 120 ___________(submission). ” 10. “The ___________(win) stories would go into our kiosk and then you would be a ___________(publish) artist.” 11. Ridership on transit (交通) systems across the country has been down the past half century, so could short stories save transit? Trost thinks __________. 12. “At the end of the day all transit agencies right now are doing everything they can ___________(improve) the rider experience. 13. So I ___________(absolute) think we will get more riders just because ___________ short stories,” she says. 14. And you’ll never be without something ___________(read). 五、长难句分析 1. “You enter the fare gates (检票口) and you’ll see a kiosk that is lit up and it tells you can get a one-minute, a three-minute, or a five-minute story,” says Alicia Trost, the chief communications officer for the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit — known as BART. 【翻译】旧金山湾区快速交通系统的首席通信官艾丽西亚·特罗斯特说：“你进入检票口，就会看到一个亮着灯的小亭子，它告诉你可以得到一个一分钟、三分钟或五分钟的故事。” 【分析】the chief communications officer for the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transitshi是主语Alicia Trost的同位语，— known as BART对the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transitshi起解释作用。直接引语部分that is lit up是定语从句，修饰先行词kiosk。 2. We wanted to do something where we do a call to artists in the Bay Area to submit stories for a contest. 【翻译】句意为：我们想要做一些事情，即向湾区的艺术家发起呼吁，让他们提交故事参加比赛。 【分析】本句为主从复合句，句子主干是：We wanted to do something；where 引导定语从句，修饰先行词something，说明其具体内容，即发起一个呼吁。不定式短语to submit stories for a contest 作目的状语，说明发起呼吁的目的，即让艺术家提交故事参加比赛。 六、全文翻译 你是否曾经到达火车站却发现忘记带东西阅读？是的，我们都有手机，但许多人仍然喜欢回归传统，阅读一些印刷品。 旧金山湾区就有一个这样的小亭子。旧金山湾区快速交通系统的首席通信官艾丽西亚·特罗斯特说：“你进入检票口，就会看到一个亮着灯的小亭子，它告诉你可以得到一个一分钟、三分钟或五分钟的故事。”“你选择你想要的长度，它会给出一张收据式的短故事。” 就这么简单。自从去年三月启动这个项目以来，乘客已经打印了近2万篇短故事和诗歌。其中一些是经典短篇故事，还有一些是新的原创作品。 特罗斯特还希望向当地乘客介绍当地作家。“我们想做的是呼吁湾区的艺术家提交故事参加比赛，”特罗斯特说。“到目前为止，我们已经收到了大约120份投稿。获胜的故事将会进入我们的小亭子，然后你将成为一个发表作品的艺术家。” 过去半个世纪以来，全国交通系统的乘客量一直在下降，那么短故事能否拯救交通呢？ 特罗斯特认为可以。 “在一天结束时，所有交通机构现在都在尽一切努力改善乘客体验。所以我绝对认为我们会因为短故事而吸引更多乘客，”她说。 你将永远不会没有东西可读。 ( 六、三年真题 ) 【2023年新课标II卷阅读理解B篇】 Turning soil, pulling weeds, and harvesting cabbage sound like tough work for middle and high school kids. And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden program at four low-income schools. The program aims to help students develop science skills, environmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles. Jaramillo’s students live in neighborhoods where fresh food and green space are not easy to find and fast food restaurants outnumber grocery stores. “The kids literally come to school with bags of snacks and large bottles of soft drinks,” she says. “They come to us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful.” Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something new. Urban Sprouts’ classes, at two middle schools and two high schools, include hands-on experiments such as soil testing, flower-and-seed dissection, tastings of fresh or dried produce, and work in the garden. Several times a year, students cook the vegetables they grow, and they occasionally make salads for their entire schools. Program evaluations show that kids eat more vegetables as a result of the classes. “We have students who say they went home and talked to their parents and now they’re eating differently,” Jaramillo says. She adds that the program’s benefits go beyond nutrition. Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo’s special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues. “They get outside,” she says, “and they feel successful.” 24. What do we know about Abby Jaramillo? A. She used to be a health worker. B. She grew up in a low-income family. C. She owns a fast food restaurant. D. She is an initiator of Urban Sprouts. 25. What was a problem facing Jaramillo at the start of the program? A. The kids’ parents distrusted her. B. Students had little time for her classes. C. Some kids disliked garden work. D. There was no space for school gardens. 26. Which of the following best describes the impact of the program? A. Far-reaching. B. Predictable. C. Short-lived. D. Unidentifiable. 27. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Rescuing School Gardens B. Experiencing Country Life C. Growing Vegetable Lovers D. Changing Local Landscape 【2022年新课标II卷阅读理解B篇】 We journalists live in a new age of storytelling, with many new multimedia tools. Many young people don’t even realize it’s new. For them, it’s just normal. This hit home for me as I was sitting with my 2-year-old grandson on a sofa over the Spring Festival holiday. I had brought a children’s book to read. It had simple words and colorful pictures — a perfect match for his age. Picture this: my grandson sitting on my lap as I hold the book in front so he can see the pictures. As I read, he reaches out and pokes (戳) the page with his finger. What’s up with that? He just likes the pictures, I thought. Then I turned the page and continued. He poked the page even harder. I nearly dropped the book. I was confused: Is there something wrong with this kid? Then I realized what was happening. He was actually a stranger to books. His father frequently amused the boy with a tablet computer which was loaded with colorful pictures that come alive when you poke them. He thought my storybook was like that. Sorry, kid. This book is not part of your high-tech world. It’s an outdated, lifeless thing. An antique, like your grandfather. Well, I may be old, but I’m not hopelessly challenged, digitally speaking. I edit video and produce audio. I use mobile payment. I’ve even built websites. There’s one notable gap in my new-media experience, however: I’ve spent little time in front of a camera, since I have a face made for radio. But that didn’t stop China Daily from asking me last week to share a personal story for a video project about the integration of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei province. Anyway, grandpa is now an internet star — two minutes of fame! I promise not to let it go to my head. But I will make sure my 2-year-old grandson sees it on his tablet. 24. What do the underlined words “hit home for me” mean in paragraph 2? A. Provided shelter for me. B. Became very clear to me. C. Took the pressure off me. D. Worked quite well on me. 25. Why did the kid poke the storybook? A. He took it for a tablet computer. B. He disliked the colorful pictures. C. He was angry with his grandpa. D. He wanted to read it by himself. 26. What does the author think of himself? A. Socially ambitious. B. Physically attractive. C. Financially independent. D. Digitally competent. 27. What can we learn about the author as a journalist? A. He lacks experience in his job. B. He seldom appears on television. C. He manages a video department. D. He often interviews internet stars. 【2021年新课标II卷阅读理解B篇】 I have worked as a keeper at the National Zoo, Paris for 11 years. Spot and Stripe are the first tiger cubs that have ever been born here. Globally, a third of Sumatran cubs in zoos don't make it to adulthood, so I decided to give them round-the-clock care at home. I've got two children—the younger one, Kynan, was extremely happy about the tigers arriving - but all of us really looked forward to being part of their lives and watching them grow. I wasn't worried about bringing them into my home with my wife and kids. These were cubs. They weighed about 2.5 kg and were so small that there was absolutely no risk. As they grew more mobile, we let them move freely around the house during the day, but when we were asleep we had to contain them in a large room, otherwise they'd get up to mischief. We'd come down in the morning to find they'd turned the room upside down, and left it looking like a zoo. Things quickly got very intense due to the huge amount of energy required to look after them. There were some tough times and I just felt extremely tired. I was grateful that my family was there to help. We had to have a bit of a production line going, making up “tiger milk”, washing baby bottles, and cleaning the floors. When Spot and Stripe were four months old, they were learning how to open doors and jump fences, and we knew it really was time for them to go. It was hard for us to finally part with them. For the first few days, Kynan was always a bit disappointed that the cubs weren't there. I'm not sad about it. I'm hands-on with them every day at the zoo, and I do look back very fondly on the time that we had them. 24. Why did the author bring the tiger cubs home? A. To ensure their survival. B. To observe their differences. C. To teach them life skills. D. To let them play with his kids. 25. What do the underlined words “get up to mischief” mean in paragraph 3? A. Behave badly. B. Lose their way. C. Sleep soundly. D. Miss their mom. 26. What did the author think of raising the tiger cubs at home? A. Boring. B. Tiring. C. Costly. D. Risky. 27. Why did the author decide to send Spot and Stripe back to the zoo? A. They frightened the children. B. They became difficult to contain. C. They annoyed the neighbours. D. They started fighting each other. ( 七、满分策略 ) 阅读理解新闻报道满分策略 阅读理解新闻报道类答题策略 一、语篇特点 近年来，英美国家主流媒体已经成为全国各省市高考阅读理解命题文章的主流题源，如《时代》、《科学美国人》、《洛杉矶时报》、《卫报》等。命题文章话题涵盖广泛，有关于政治经济的时文报道，有社会生活中发生的大小事件，还有个人成长的经历趣闻。 新闻类语篇在写作手法上遵循的原则是“keep it short and simple”，简称KISS原则。高考所选取的新闻类文章主要采取“导语（lead）——主体（body）——结尾（end）”的结构模式。 新闻类语篇有以下几个特点： （一） 主题明确突出 新闻类文章的内容围绕某个新闻事件或人物展开，文章主题经常会出现在导语部分。导语一般是文章第一或第一、二段，用简明生动的语言将新闻最具价值、最新鲜的内容或典型例子放在开头，引出文章主题。导语部分通常能全部或部分回答who、what、when、where、why、how等问题。正文主要是对导语部分所提供的主题信息的相关细节进行解释和深化，此部分以记叙或者说明为主。结尾再一次总结中心思想，以强调、启发、或号召等方式结束，也有的新闻文章没有明显的结束语。 （二）信息准确客观 新闻报道强调客观性，一般以第三人称为主，客观报道事实、描述事件或陈述观点。所提供的细节信息，如时间、人物、地点、因果等都有明确的出处或来源。作者一般不表达自己的观点，而是通过引语，包括直接和间接引语，来陈述相关人士的态度和观点。 （三）语言简洁风趣 新闻类语篇既要做到观点明确，又要做到表达有力和叙述生动，因此十分讲究语言的趣味性，用浓缩的语言表达丰富的内容。用词平实易懂，精炼简洁。 二、命题特点 细节理解或细节推断题目是主要题型，考查新闻事件的六要素。 细节理解或者细节推断一般侧重文章导语和主体部分的考查，考题涉及的考点一般与段落顺序对应。主旨归纳和观点推断类题目是难点和热点。主旨大意题考查学生对文章的概括能力，有助于培养学生的思维品质。 主旨大意题包括文章主旨题、段落大意题和标题归纳题。近年来高考新闻类文章一般不含标题，而在设题时要求考生结合新闻事件，选取一个能概括新闻事件主要内容且夺人眼球的最佳标题。 主旨大意题需要考生对导语提供的信息充分理解，有时候还需要将导语和主体部分提供的故事信息或者事件描述结合起来归纳总结。 由于新闻类文章通常会通过直接引语或者间接引语来阐述相关人士的观点，高考命题时会要求学生在阅读时区分事实和观点，学会总结和概括人们对新闻事件的观点和态度，这也符合核心素养培养框架的要求，有利于学生文化品格的提升。这类题型因为涉及阐述人们的观点以及支撑细节，有时可能跨越几个段落，所以难度较大。 三、解题策略 （一）浏览文章，判断文体 考生在做阅读理解题时一定要有“文体意识”，即结合文章体裁的文体特征，紧扣主旨理解文章。具体到新闻类文体，首先通过新闻独有的语篇特征，如导语、信息源等，判断是否是新闻类语篇。然后，根据文章结构特点和题型特点可以去文章相应部分寻找答案，这样可以节约时间、有的放矢。例如：文章主旨、写作意图题一般对应文章导语部分。 （二）利用导语，掌握核心 导语往往包括了新闻最具价值的内容，与主旨密切相关，是对新闻事件本质、新闻人物的突出特点和社会现象背后的原因等最凝练的概括，是写作意图题、主旨大意题的重要判断依据。例如：2020全国高考III卷C篇，探讨了英国社会中由于多方压力，一家人几代同堂的现状。第31题“What is the text mainly about?”就是导语的侧面考查。通过结合下文的例子和数据分析，我们知道这种选择多是同住一室的家庭越来越多，因此全文讲述的是人们居住方式的一种新的趋势。 （三）深入细节，定位分析 细节判断题是新闻类语篇的主要考查题型，做题时考生要有“题目意识”，即由题干关键词把握命题意图和答题要点，解题时多使用“同义转换”或者“综合归纳”两种方法。多数情况下，选项会对原文信息进行同义转换，即原文信息的另外一种表达。相反，选项中如果出现了原文出现过的词句，应当引起警觉，谨防受到“偷梁换柱”的迷惑干扰。有时候细节散落在多个句子，或者在不同段落中都有提到，考生应该分析事件之间的关联、人物与事件的关联、社会现象背后的原因和结果的关联等等，进行综合归纳。如果是以记叙为主，则需要抓住“何人、何时、何为、何因、何果”几要素，这几大要素也是题目的着眼点。 （四） 结合主旨，理解引语 引语是新闻类文章中的点睛之笔，用来体现作者或者文中相关方面的态度、观点，用来佐证支撑主旨。在答题时要有“语境意识”，即联系文章主旨和上下文语境分析判断作者的写作意图或者说话人的情感态度。 ( 八、话题变式 ) 变式一：新闻报道类阅读理解高考真题 【2023浙江1月卷】 A machine can now not only beat you at chess, it can also outperform you in debate. Last week, in a public debate in San Francisco, a software program called Project Debater beat its human opponents, including Noa Ovadia, Israel’s former national debating champion. Brilliant though it is, Project Debater has some weaknesses. It takes sentences from its library of documents and prebuilt arguments and strings them together. This can lead to the kinds of errors no human would make. Such wrinkles will no doubt be ironed out, yet they also point to a fundamental problem. As Kristian Hammond, professor of electrical engineering and computer science at Northwestern University, put it: “There’s never a stage at which the system knows what it’s talking about.” What Hammond is referring to is the question of meaning, and meaning is central to what distinguishes the least intelligent of humans from the most intelligent of machines. A computer works with symbols. Its program specifies a set of rules to transform one string of symbols into another. But it does not specify what those symbols mean. Indeed, to a computer, meaning is irrelevant. Humans, in thinking, talking, reading and writing, also work with symbols. But for humans, meaning is everything. When we communicate, we communicate meaning. What matters is not just the outside of a string of symbols, but the inside too, not just how they are arranged but what they mean. Meaning emerges through a process of social interaction, not of computation, interaction that shapes the content of the symbols in our heads. The rules that assign meaning lie not just inside our heads, but also outside, in society, in social memory, social conventions and social relations. It is this that distinguishes humans from machines. And that’s why, however astonishing Project Debater may seem, the tradition that began with Socrates and Confucius will not end with artificial intelligence. 28. Why does the author mention Noa Ovadia in the first paragraph? A. To explain the use of a software program. B. To show the cleverness of Project Debater. C. To introduce the designer of Project Debater. D. To emphasize the fairness of the competition. 29. What does the underlined word “wrinkles” in paragraph 2 refer to? A. Arguments. B. Doubts. C. Errors. D. Differences. 30. What is Project Debater unable to do according to Hammond? A. Create rules. B. Comprehend meaning. C. Talk fluently. D. Identify difficult words. 31. What can we learn from the last paragraph? A. Social interaction is key to understanding symbols. B. The human brain has potential yet to be developed. C. Ancient philosophers set good examples for debaters. D. Artificial intelligence ensures humans a bright future. 【2020全国III卷】 When "Rise of the Planet of the Apes" was first shown to the public last month, a group of excited animal activists gathered on Hollywood Boulevard. But they weren’t there to throw red paint on fur-coat-wearing film stars. Instead, one activist, dressed in a full-body monkey suit, had arrived with a sign praising the filmmakers: "Thanks for not using real apes (猿)!" The creative team behind "Apes" used motion-capture (动作捕捉) technology to create digitalized animals, spending tens of millions of dollars on technology that I records an actor’s performance and later processes it with computer graphics to create a final image (图像). In this case, one of a realistic-looking ape. Yet "Apes" is more exception than the rule. In fact, Hollywood has been hot on live animals lately. One nonprofit organization, which monitors the treatment or animals in filmed entertainment, is keeping tabs on more than 2,000 productions this year. Already, a number of films, including "Water for Elephants," "The Hangover Part Ⅱ" and "Zookeeper," have drawn the anger of activists who say the creatures acting in them haven’t been treated properly. In some cases, it’s not so much the treatment of the animals on set in the studio that has activists worried; it’s the off-set training and living conditions that are raising concerns. And there are questions about the films made outside the States, which sometimes are not monitored as closely as productions filmed in the Sates. 24. Why did the animal activists gather on Hollywood Boulevard? A. To see famous film stars. B. To oppose wearing fur coats. C. To raise money for animal protection. D. To express thanks to some filmmakers. 25. What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A. The cost of making "Apes." B. The creation of digitalized apes. C. The publicity about “Apes." D. The performance of real apes. 26. What does the underlined phrase "keeping tabs on" in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Listing completely. B. Directing professionally. C. Promoting successfully. D. Watching carefully. 27. What can we infer from the last paragraph about animal actors? A. They may be badly treated. B. They should take further training. C. They could be traded illegally. D. They would lose popularity. 【2020全国III卷】 With the young unable to afford to leave home and the old at risk of isolation(孤独), more families are choosing to live together. The doorway to peace and quiet, for Nick Bright at least, leads straight to his mother-in-law, she lives on the ground floor, while he lives upstairs with his wife and their two daughters. Four years ago they all moved into a three-storey Victorian house in Bristol — one of a growing number of multigenerational families in the UK living together under the same roof. They share a front door and a washing machine, but Rita Whitehead has her own kitchen, bathroom, bedroom and living room on the ground floor. “We floated the idea to my mum of sharing at a house,” says Kathryn Whitehead. Rita cuts in: “We spoke more with Nick because I think it’s a big thing for Nick to live with his mother-in-law.” And what does Nick think? “From my standpoint, it all seems to work very well. Would I recommend it? Yes, I think I would.” It’s hard to tell exactly how many people agree with him, but research indicates that the numbers have been rising for some time. Official reports suggest that the number of households with three generations living together had risen from 325,000 in 2002 to 419,000 in 2013. Other varieties of multigenerational family are more common. Some people live with their elderly parents; many more adult children are returning to the family home, if they ever left. It is said that about 20% of 25-34-year-olds live with their parents, compared with 16% in 1991.The total number of all multigenerational households in Britain is thought to be about 1.8 million. Stories like that are more common in parts of the world where multigenerational living is more firmly rooted. In India, particularly outside cities, young women are expected to move in with their husband’s family when they get married. 28. Who mainly uses the ground floor in the Victorian house in Bristol? A. Nick. B. Rita. C. Kathryn D. The daughters. 29. What is Nick’s attitude towards sharing the house with his mother-in -law? A. Positive. B. Carefree. C. Tolerant. D. Unwilling. 30. What is the author’s statement about multigenerational family based on? A. Family traditions. B. Financial reports. C. Published statistics. D. Public opinions. 31. What is the text mainly about? A. Lifestyles in different countries. B. Conflicts between generations. C. A housing problem in Britain. D. A rising trend of living in the UK. 变式二：新闻报道类阅读理解名校好题 01（2024·河北·模拟预测） Standing on the South Pole at the start of the year with the wind blowing across the Antarctic, travel blogger Johnny Ward felt a wave of relief. Just a week before, in early January 2024, he’d struggled through snow and ice to climb to the top of the Vinson Massif, Antarctica’s highest peak. Years before, in 2017, he’d become the first Irish person to visit every country in the world. Now, after decades of traveling and mountaineering, Ward could claim another world first — the Ultimate Explorer’s Grand Slam (大满贯), which involves reaching the highest peak on every continent, and visiting both the North and South Poles in addition to visiting every country. “I feel relieved,” Ward recalled as he slowly made his way back to his home in Thailand after climbing to the top of the Vinson Massif and then setting foot on the South Pole. “But also I’m aware I’m a normal guy, not a world-class athlete, so I guess it was more about resilience and determination more than any ability. Although I met with lots of barriers, I overcame them one by one.” Ward had previously devoted a decade of his life, between 2007 and 2017, to visiting every country in the world. The incredible journey saw him hitchhike (搭便车) a ride on a container ship from Oman to Socotra in Yemen, travel overland from Cairo to Cape Town and travel from South Korea to Australia by bus and boat. “It had been a huge life goal, over a decade of my life, and then when I finished that I was aimless and had no idea what to do next,” he said. “I started eating badly, drinking too much, putting on weight and I ignored my business.” Ward decided that the best way to overcome this was to challenge himself again. He began running ultramarathons (超级马拉松) and climbing mountains, and soon found that with extreme purpose and direction, he was back to loving life again. So where will Ward go next? Space? The bottom of the Mariana Trench, the deepest point of the ocean? “All good things come after suffering, and I want to share that with people. So that’s the next plan,” he said. 1. What did Johnny Ward achieve in early January 2024? A. He climbed to the highest peak in Antarctica. B. He set a new record for traveling in Antarctica. C. He became the first person to visit the South Pole. D. He became the first Irish person to visit every country. 2. What does the underlined word “resilience” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A. The ability to bounce back from difficulties. B. The quality of being strong and honest. C. The skill of achieving goals quickly. D. The power to control one’ s emotions. 3. How did Johnny Ward feel after achieving his life goal in 2017? A. Relaxed. B. Satisfied. C. Lost. D. Excited. 4. Which of the following can best describe Johnny Ward? A. Helpful and motivated. B. Athletic and generous. C. Proud and self-centered. D. Determined and strong-willed. 02（2024·安徽合肥·三模） As young children went back to school across Sweden last month, many of their teachers were putting a new emphasis on printed books, quiet reading time and handwriting practice and devoting less time to tablets, independent online research and keyboarding skills. The return to more traditional ways of learning is a response to experts’ doubt on the country’s over-digitalized approach to education, which has even introduced tablets into kindergartens. They are worried that it has already led to a decline in basic skills. The rapid adoption of digital learning tools has also drawn concern from a United Nations’ education agency. In a report published last month, the agency issued an urgent call for appropriate use of technology in education. The report urges countries to speed up Internet connections at schools, but at the same time warns that technology in education should be used in a way so that it never replaces in-person, teacher-led instruction and supports the shared objective of quality education for all. However, online instruction is a hotly debated subject across Europe and other parts of the West. Germany has been famously slow in moving information of all kinds online, including education. Many students can complete their schooling without any kind of required digital instruction, such as coding. Most parents worry their children may not be able to compete in the job market with technologically better-trained young people from other countries. “If we don’t manage to make education digital, then we will no longer be a competitive country in 20 years,” said Sascha Lobo, one of the parents interviewed last year. However, not all teachers are convinced that Sweden’s back-to-basics push is in the best interest for students. “Technology is just one part of a really complex network of factors in education,” said Catarina Branelius, a third grade teacher in the Swedish capital, Stockholm. “I use tablets in math, but I don’t use tablets for writing text. Students under age 10 need time and practice and exercise in handwriting… before you introduce them to write on a tablet.” 5. What did Sweden stress before this new school year? A. Printed books. B. Handwriting practice. C. Quiet reading time. D. Independent online research. 6. Which can best describe the approach suggested by the United Nations’ agency? A. Textbook-centered. B. Balanced. C. Over-digitalized. D. Traditional. 7. What can be known from paragraph 4? A. Students in Germany do not heavily rely on computers. B. The German government is pushing for online instruction. C. German parents are happy with their children’s education. D. Teachers in Germany are ready to make education digital. 8. What is Catarina Branelius’s attitude to the new policy? A. Favorable. B. Unclear. C. Doubtful. D. Unconcerned. 03（2024·四川雅安·三模） Josefa Marin went to New York from Mexico in 1987, supporting her daughter back home with the $140 a week she earned at a sweater factory. With that small income, she had to collect recyclables, trading in cans for five cents each. When the clothing factory closed down in the late 2000s, she became a full-time recycler, picking up cans and bottles to make ends meet. Marin’s story is not unique. Millions around the world make a living from picking through waste and reselling it — a vital role that keeps waste manageable. In New York City, the administrative department collects only about 28 percent of the cans that could be recycled. Rubbish collectors keep millions of additional recyclables out of landfills every year. Yet collectors are ruled out by government policies. The United States Supreme Court in 1988 stated that household garbage is public property once it’s on the street. That enables police to search rubbish for evidence, but that protection hasn’t always been extended to recyclers. And in places like New York City, which is testing city-owned locked containers to hide garbage from rats, containers are made clearly inaccessible for collectors. “There’s value in the waste, and we feel that value should belong to the people, not the city or the corporations”, says Ryan Castalia, director of a nonprofit recycling and community center in Brooklyn. Recognized or not, waste pickers have long been treated with disrespect. Marin recalls an occasion when someone living next to a building where she was collecting cans threw water at her. “It doesn’t mean I am less of a person than anyone else because I recycle”, she says. Some governments are starting to realize that protecting the environment and humanity go hand in hand. The United Nation’s 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, for example, calls for an end to poverty and all the risks it brings. 9. Why does the author start the passage with Marin’s story? A. To suggest waste collectors’ importance. B. To reflect laid-off workers’ hardship. C. To praise her devotion to her daughter. D. To show the seriousness of unemployment. 10. What can we learn about the waste mentioned in Paragraph 4? A. It is always available on the street for collectors. B. It is public property no matter where it is. C. It is actually only accessible for certain groups. D. It is hidden in containers for rats. 11. What would Marin agree with? A. Business is business. B. No job is noble or humble. C. The early bird catches worms. D. One good turn deserves another. 12. What’s the writing purpose of this passage? A. To argue how important it is to get rid of poverty. B. To call on governments to work hand in hand to protect the environment. C. To prove that unemployed people can make a living by collecting recyclables. D. To tell that environmental protection is closely related to preserving humanity. 04（2024·河北保定·二模） Since the African Union first launched Great Green Wall in 2007, the initiative has struggled to make headway. Made up of local efforts across 11 countries, it has reached just 16% of its overall goal. But last month, the project, which analysts estimate will cost at least $30 billion, got a major boost: a total of $14 billion in funding over the next 5 years from a union of international development banks and governments. Environmental restoration and community development specialists welcomed the news. But many are also apprehensive. In recent years, research by ecologists and social scientists has shown that many forestry projects in Africa have failed because they didn’t adequately address fundamental social and ecological issues. The project leaders often planted species in places where they didn’t belong, and did little to help the young trees survive. “Tree planting is often viewed as the simple act of digging a hole,” forest scientist Karen Holl said. “But this short-term view has resulted in large quantities of money being spent on efforts that have failed almost entirely.” In Africa, the adoption of one approach called Farmer-Managed Natural Regeneration (FMNR), is credited with regreening a notable portion of the Sahel. The low-cost restoration technique took off in Niger in the 1980s and has since spread to other nations. It relies on farmers to protect and nurture trees that grow from existing root systems and seeds in the soil. Over decades, FMNR has led to greater tree cover and other ecological benefits, such as higher soil carbon content, researchers have found. But many efforts, particularly those not led by local communities, stumble (蹒跚而行). Newly planted trees can die of neglect when planners don’t engage communities from the start in discussions about which species to plant, as well as whether residents are willing and able to provide the water, fertilizer, and protection from grazing animals that trees need. “The farmers are often busy and have their own priorities; they will not manage trees that they do not value,” forest specialist Abayneh Derero wrote in a study. 13. What is the good news for Great Green Wall? A. It will get more funds. B. It will be completed soon. C. More countries will build it. D. More scientists will study it. 14. What should the forestry project leaders do to get success? A. Address their own issues properly. B. Help young African people survive. C. Act according to the local conditions. D. Learn how to dig holes and plant trees. 15. Why is FMNR mentioned in the text? A. To analyse a different reason B. To offer a practicable solution. C. To present a social background. D. To explain a similar phenomenon. 16. What does the last paragraph stress about the forestry project? A. It’s vital to protect trees from animals. B. The farmers have their own priorities. C. The residents’ abilities need developing. D. Local people’s involvement is important. 05（2024·湖北·模拟预测） Orange chicken, sweet and sour pork, fried rice… Max Burns lists several typical Western-style of Chinese dishes that disappoint him. For a 21-year-old native British young man who spent his first thirteen years in China, those cuisines are far from authentic, but rather a category which is invented to cater to Western preferences. What also upsets Burns is that the view of Chinese food has been subsequently skewed (扭曲). Quite a few Westerners recognize that particular type of fa re as the whole of Chinese cuisine. “They almost have no clue about the extent of Chinese cuisine, about how it varies because people forget how big China is. It is a country that has deserts from one side, jungles and sea from the other side. Each area has its unique style of cooking.” he says. Burns tries to showcase the richness of delicious Chinese dishes by vlogging (拍摄并上传) about making Chinese dishes at home. “Food is probably the most accessible way for everyone to learn an alien culture.” he says. Sometimes, his British friends would join to help. “And quite often, they were shocked by the diversity of Chinese cuisine. They’ve had a long time to figure out that Chinese food is just a lot more complex.” The food adventure has helped Burns grow into an influencer with more than three million of subscribers worldwide today. “So, I can definitely say that I’ve changed some people’s ideas about Chinese food.” Interestingly, when Burns first started vlogging in 2016 directly after moving back to Brighton, England from Beijing, copying Chinese food at home was a then “stupid idea”, as he puts it, because he was never super into cooking. At the time, the videos centered more on explaining aspects of Chinese culture, including movies, snacks, restaurants and more. Looking ahead, Burns has some plans in mind. “I would love to do a travel food show throughout China on TV. Also, I would love to have my. own restaurant in the future. That’s definitely going to happen.” 17. When did Max Burns return to Brighton, England according to the text? A. Aged 13. B. Aged 14. C. Aged 16. D. Aged 21. 18. How does Max Burns change people’s wrong attitude to the Chinese cuisines? A. Treat them to Chinese dishes. B. Write reports on Chinese cuisines. C. Cook Chinese dishes for them in person. D. Display authentic Chinese cuisines on. 19. What is paragraph 5 of the text mainly about? A. Burns’s ambitions. B. Burns’s achievements. C. Burns’s adventures. D. Burns’s subscribers. 20. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A. Influencer Develops a Taste for Chinese Cuisine. B. Influencer Has Done What He Can to Change. C. Chinese Cuisines Have to Cater to Westerners. D. Chinese Cuisines Have Been Around the World. 06（2024·江西·二模） Disagreements have arisen in Northern France after many ancient standing stones were damaged to make way for a new hardware chain (五金连锁店). About 39 stones, dating back at least 7,000 years, were removed from the site, which sits on one of Europe’s most famous prehistoric attractions, Agence France-Presse (AFP) reported. “The site has been damaged,” local archaeologist Christian Obeltz told AFP. Carnac, often described as “French Stonehenge”， is famous for its spreading fields of large tall stones. The stones are arranged in long, straight lines and, according to the Carnac Tourist Office, it is the largest collection of this type of standing stone in the world. The two main sites alone, at Menec and Kermarjo, house nearly 3,000 standing monuments covering over 4 miles. The purpose of this ancient curiosity is still unknown. Many believe it may have had something to do with religion, while others think it could have served as a farming calendar. One idea even suggests that the stones are connected to a sad event that happened to a Roman army. The Regional Office of Cultural Affairs for Brittany, which is responsible for protecting the cultural monument, made a statement on disagreements over building the store on Wednesday. “Given the uncertain and non-major character of the remains, damage to a site of historical value has not been established,” the statement said. However, Obeltz mentioned that there hasn’t been enough research in the area to decide whether the stones were historically important. News of building the store has caused a storm of angry comments on social media, with many expressing their thoughts on the loss of the ancient stones. “Poor Carnac! The commodification (商品化) of the world prepares the man without memories,” said Philippe de Villiers, France’s former Secretary of State for Culture. “In Carnac,39 standing stone monuments survived Julius Caesar, World War I and World War II. But not Mr. DIY!” the Twitter account Dom Revolution wrote. 21. What happened to the 39 stones? A. They were sold to a store. B. They were worn with time. C. They were moved away. D. They were used to build a building. 22. What makes Carnac stand out as a site of stone monuments? A. Its unique shape. B. Its large size. C. Its long rich history. D. Its connection with an army. 23. What may the Regional Office agree with? A. The site has low historical value. B. The site needs government protection. C. The site is not very well-known. D. The site should have been studied more. 24. Why does the author mention opinions on the Internet? A. To share people’s last memories of Carnac. B. To stress the importance of protecting Carnac. C. To show public anger at Carnac’s situation. D. To give more information about Carnac’s history. 07（2024·安徽·三模） College professors these days face an ever-higher bar to get the attention of their students, forced to compete with smartphones and laptops in large lecture halls. But when your professor is a social media star, it’s a little bit easier. Tatiana Erukhimova, who teaches physics at Texas A&M University, has managed to get her students, as well as future generations, excited about the science. Known as “Dr. Tatiana” to her students and online fan base, the professor performs physics tricks with boundless energy and enthusiasm. In the kid-friendly videos, Erukhimova uses a range of everyday objects in her experiments, from pingpong balls and toilet paper. Her department’s YouTube page has about 2.5 million followers. She got famous on YouTube. It’s clear she knows what it takes to get young people excited about a hard science. But it wasn’t always that way. When she first started teaching college freshman classes almost two decades ago, she struggled to grab the attention of her younger students. She was used to teaching juniors, as she had for a few years prior to that. By junior year, students enrolled in physics are committed to learn, she says. With them, she could walk through the syllabus (教学大纲) on day one, and still command the room. But when it comes to teaching a large lecture hall of 100-plus first-year students, first impressions are make or break. By the second semester, she found her footing, adjusting her approach to get her students engaged. “Talk to your students before and after class, walk up and down the stairs when you teach your class rather than stay on the stage. And don’t just lecture, talk to them — make it interactive.” She says. And, of course, add showy demonstrations to help students to connect these abstract concepts with real life. She’s earned more than just recognition on social media. In October, she was honored with a national award for science outreach “for leadership in bringing the excitement of physics through innovative education programs.” 25. What does the author intend to do in the first paragraph? A. To introduce the topic. B. To present a challenge. C. To analyze. D. To provide some backgrounds. 26. What challenge do college freshman courses pose to Tatiana? A. Introducing the syllabus to her students. B. Preventing her students’ absent-mindedness. C. Creating a lasting impression on her students. D. Finding a lecture hall large enough for her students. 27. How did Tatiana find her footing in her teaching? A. By lecturing students more. B. By bonding with her freshmen. C. By becoming a social medium star. D. By answering all her students’ questions. 28. Which best describes Tatiana Erukhimova? A. Rigid. B. Humorous. C. Demanding. D. Flexible. 08（2024·陕西榆林·模拟预测） On Nov 7, 52-year-old French author Jean-Baptiste Andrea secured the famed Goncourt Prize for his novel Watch Over Her. With a history of 120 years, the Goncourt Prize stands as one of the most important literary awards in France. Described as “extremely refreshing”, the book offers readers a break from a sad new cycle, according to Didier Lecoin, the jury (评委会) president of the Goncourt Prize. Philippe Claudel, another member, said it was “high-quality popular literature”. “And that is what the Goncourt is about,” he added. Watch Over Her develops as a love story between a young poor sculptor and a local noble young woman in 20th -century Italy, during the rise of fascism (法西斯主义). The account skillfully combines their story of love with explorations of Italian history and political structures. Andrea mentioned that he crafted the story of Watch Over Her because he desired to reconnect with Italy, “the country of my ancestors”, and because he firmly believed in the power of popular fiction. Andrea, a former screenwriter and director who turned to novel writing in his 40s, expressed that writing novels allowed him to rediscover the joy of writing lost in filmmaking. For him , writing is a means of taking control of his life, representing a return to his childhood passion for storytelling. While some critics suggested that Watch Over Her might challenge the traditionally elite (精英) image of the Goncourt Prize, Andrea thought differently in an interview with France Inter, stating, “I feel that today we’ve left the privilege of telling stories to cinema... as if telling a story excluded depth. But I think we can be popular and at the same time deep, and give different levels of reading to different types of readers and generations.” 29. What is the purpose of the first paragraph? A. To lead into the topic of the passage. B. To introduce a new literary award. C. To present one of the major views of the society. D. To draw readers’ attention to writing. 30. What do people think of Watch Over Her? A. It is highly thought of by all. B. It offers an escape from sorrow. C. It elevates high-quality literature. D. It provides access to science fiction. 31. Why did Andrea return to novel writing? A. He is interested in exploring storytelling methods. B. He hopes to find a sense of inner peace. C. He needs to seek further inspiration for filmmaking. D. He wants to fulfill his childhood dream. 32. What do we know about Watch Over Her? A. It is a short story set in 19th-century Italy. B. It is a historical exploration of French politics. C. It represents Andrea’s way of revisiting his roots. D. It involves a young sculptor and a poor woman. $$《2024年高考英语新课标卷真题深度解析与考后提升》 专题13 阅读理解B篇（新课标II卷）解析版 (答案解析+专家评价+三年真题+词汇变式+满分策略+话题变式) 目录 一、原题呈现 P1 二、答案解析 P2 三、专家评价 P3 四、题源网站 P4 五、词汇变式 P4 (一)考纲词汇词形转换 P4 (二)考纲词汇识词知意 P5 (三)高频短语积少成多 P5 (四)核心考点单句填空 P5 (五)长难句分析 P6 (六)全文翻译 P6 六、三年真题 P6 (一)2023年新课标II卷阅读理解B篇 P7 (二)2022年新课标II卷阅读理解B篇 P8 (三)2021年新课标II卷阅读理解B篇 P10 七、满分策略 P12 八、话题变式 P14 新闻报道类阅读理解高考真题3篇 P14 新闻报道类阅读理解名校好题8篇 P18 ( 一、 原题呈现 ) 阅读理解A篇关键词: 新闻报道；人与社会；湾区捷运系统；自动售货亭；创新手法吸引游客 Do you ever get to the train station and realize you forgot to bring something to read? Yes, we all have our phones, but many of us still like to go old school and read something printed. Well, there’s a kiosk (小亭) for that. In the San Francisco Bay Area, at least. “You enter the fare gates (检票口) and you’ll see a kiosk that is lit up and it tells you can get a one-minute, a three-minute, or a five-minute story,” says Alicia Trost, the chief communications officer for the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit — known as BART. “You choose which length you want and it gives you a receipt-like short story.” It’s that simple. Riders have printed nearly 20,000 short stories and poems since the program was launched last March. Some are classic short stories, and some are new original works. Trost also wants to introduce local writers to local riders. “We wanted to do something where we do a call to artists in the Bay Area to submit stories for a contest,” Trost says. “And as of right now, we’ve received about 120 submissions. The winning stories would go into our kiosk and then you would be a published artist.” Ridership on transit (交通) systems across the country has been down the past half century, so could short stories save transit? Trost thinks so. “At the end of the day all transit agencies right now are doing everything they can to improve the rider experience. So I absolutely think we will get more riders just because of short stories,” she says. And you’ll never be without something to read. 24. Why did BART start the kiosk program? A. To promote the local culture. B. To discourage phone use. C. To meet passengers’ needs. D. To reduce its running costs. 25. How are the stories categorized in the kiosk? A. By popularity. B. By length. C. By theme. D. By language. 26. What has Trost been doing recently? A. Organizing a story contest. B. Doing a survey of customers. C. Choosing a print publisher. D. Conducting interviews with artists. 27. What is Trost’s opinion about BART’s future? A. It will close down. B. Its profits will decline. C. It will expand nationwide. D. Its ridership will increase. ( 二、答案解析 ) 【答案】24. C 25. B 26. A 27. D 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了旧金山湾区捷运系统(BART)推出自动售货亭提供短篇故事打印服务，旨在满足乘客阅读需求，提升出行体验，Trost认为此举措能吸引更多乘客，对BART 未来持乐观态度，预期乘客量将会增长。 24.推理判断题。根据第三段““You enter the fare gates (检票口) and you’ll see a kiosk that is lit up and it tells you can get a one-minute, a three-minute, or a five-minute story,” says Alicia Trost, the chief communications officer for the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit - known as BART. “You choose which length you want and it gives you a receipt-like short story.”(旧金山湾区捷运系统（BART）首席通讯官Alicia Trost表示：“你进入检票口，会看到一个亮着灯的信息亭，它告诉你可以得到一分钟、三分钟或五分钟的报道。你可以选择你想要的长度，它会给你一个类似收据的短篇故事。”)”可知，BART启动信息亭是为了满足乘客在乘车过程中的阅读需求，为他们提供不同长度的短篇故事或诗歌来打发时间。故选C项。 25.细节理解题。根据第三段“You choose which length you want and it gives you a receipt-like short story.(你可以选择你想要的长度，它会给你一个类似收据的短篇故事)”可知，信息亭中的故事按长度分类，乘客可以根据自己的需求选择不同长度的故事。故选B项。 26.细节理解题。根据第五段“We wanted to do something where we do a call to artists in the Bay Area to submit stories for a contest,(我们想做一些事情，呼吁湾区的艺术家为比赛提交故事)”以及第六段“The winning stories would go into our kiosk and then you would be a published artist.(获奖故事会进入我们的信息亭，然后你就会成为一名出版艺术家)”可知，Trost最近在组织一个故事竞赛，向湾区的艺术家征集故事，获胜作品将被放入售货亭供乘客阅读。故选A项。 27.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段““At the end of the day all transit agencies right now are doing everything they can to improve the rider experience. So I absolutely think we will get more riders just because of short stories,” she says.(她说：“归根结底，所有的交通机构现在都在尽一切努力改善乘客体验。所以我绝对认为，我们会因为短篇小说而吸引更多的乘客。”)”可知，Trost认为通过提升乘客体验，包括提供短篇故事阅读服务，BART可以吸引更多的乘客，乘客量将会增加。故选D项。 ( 三、专家评价 ) 坚持提倡五育并举，引导学生德智体美劳全面发展 高考英语命题通过选取有关体育、美育和劳动教育的语篇，引导学生坚持五育并举，实现身心健康成长和德智体美劳全面发展。试卷阅读A篇介绍了卡洛秋季徒步节的健身徒步活动，引导学生走近大自然，开展体育运动，文中提及多项注意事项，于潜移默化之中强调了运动安全的重要性。阅读B篇介绍了旧金山湾区快速交通系统（BART）为了提升乘客体验而推出的一个短篇小说打印亭项目，引导学生在电子设备盛行的当今不要忘记还有纸质阅读这一阅读方式可供选择，也强调了利用零散时间来进行阅读和学习的好习惯。阅读C篇讲述巴比伦微型农场通过室内自动化种植系统极大地缩短了农产品从农场到餐桌的距离，并实现了自动化管理和零排放的环保种植，而阅读D篇介绍了Catriona Campbell的新书《AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence》，引导学生思考人类与人工智能共存的未来，强调了全球监管人工智能研究和使用的重要性问题。这两篇难度较大的文章都从科技发展视角引导学生思考科技如何更好地服务于人类以及人类理性使用科技的问题。在美育方面，试题的写作第一节应用文写作任务中，设置情境为在公园上的一节美术课，引导学生回归自然之美，到自然中寻求人类艺术创作不竭的灵感源泉。这些文本都释放了强烈的信号，引导学生实现德智体美劳全面发展。 【中国考试·教育部教育考试院】 ( 四、题源网站 ) 【原文链接】 选自全国公共广播电台（NPR）2022 年6 月9 日 https://www.npr.org/2022/06/09/1103884811/san-francisco-transit-dispenses-short-stories-to-commuters ( 五、词汇变式 ) 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 一、考纲词汇词形转换 1. long adj.长的 →length n 长度 2. origin n. 来源→original adj [熟词生义] 原创的 3. submit v 提交 →submission n 提交物 4. absolute adj. 绝对的→absolutely adv 完全地 5. popular adj. 普及的→popularity n 受欢迎 6. publish vt 出版 →publisher n 出版商 7. category n. 种类→categorize v将……分类 二、考纲词汇识词知意 1. old-school adj 传统的 2. chief adj [熟词生义] 首席的 3. launch v 发起 4. classic adj 经典的 5. call n [熟词生义] 请求，呼吁 6. ridership n 客流量 7. agency n 机构，局 8. discourage v 阻止 9. theme n 主题 10. profit n 利润 11. decline v 减少 12. expand v 扩张 13. nationwide adv 在全国 三、高频短语积少成多 1. forget to do 忘记去做某事 2. at least 至少 3. light up 照亮 4. as of 到……为止 5. meet a need 满足需要 6. conduct an interview 进行采访 7. close down 关闭，停业 running costs n 运营成本 四、核心考点单句填空 1. Do you ever get to the train station and realize you forgot ___________(bring) something to read? 2. Yes, we all have our phones, __________ many of us still like to go old school and read something ___________(print). 3. Well, there’s a kiosk (小亭) for that. In the San Francisco Bay Area, at ___________(little). 4.“You enter the fare gates (检票口) and you’ll see a kiosk that ___________(light) up and it tells you can get a one-minute, a three-minute, or a five-minute story,” says Alicia Trost, the chief communications officer for the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit — known ___________ BART. 5. “You choose ___________ length you want and it ___________(give) you a receipt-like short story.” 6. It’s that simple. Riders ___________(print) nearly 20,000 short stories and poems since the program ___________(launch) last March. 7. Some are classic short stories, and some are new ___________(origin) works. 8. Trost also wants to introduce local writers ___________ local riders. 9. “We wanted to do something where we do a call to artists in the Bay Area ___________(submit) stories for a contest,” Trost says. “And as of right now, we’ve received about 120 ___________(submission). ” 10. “The ___________(win) stories would go into our kiosk and then you would be a ___________(publish) artist.” 11. Ridership on transit (交通) systems across the country has been down the past half century, so could short stories save transit? Trost thinks __________. 12. “At the end of the day all transit agencies right now are doing everything they can ___________(improve) the rider experience. 13. So I ___________(absolute) think we will get more riders just because ___________ short stories,” she says. 14. And you’ll never be without something ___________(read). 1. to bring 2. but, printed 3. least 4. is lit, as 5. which, gives 6. have printed, was launched 7. original 8. to 9. to submit, submissions 10. winning, published 11. so 12. to improve 13. absolutely, of 14. to read 五、长难句分析 1. “You enter the fare gates (检票口) and you’ll see a kiosk that is lit up and it tells you can get a one-minute, a three-minute, or a five-minute story,” says Alicia Trost, the chief communications officer for the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit — known as BART. 【翻译】旧金山湾区快速交通系统的首席通信官艾丽西亚·特罗斯特说：“你进入检票口，就会看到一个亮着灯的小亭子，它告诉你可以得到一个一分钟、三分钟或五分钟的故事。” 【分析】the chief communications officer for the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transitshi是主语Alicia Trost的同位语，— known as BART对the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transitshi起解释作用。直接引语部分that is lit up是定语从句，修饰先行词kiosk。 2. We wanted to do something where we do a call to artists in the Bay Area to submit stories for a contest. 【翻译】句意为：我们想要做一些事情，即向湾区的艺术家发起呼吁，让他们提交故事参加比赛。 【分析】本句为主从复合句，句子主干是：We wanted to do something；where 引导定语从句，修饰先行词something，说明其具体内容，即发起一个呼吁。不定式短语to submit stories for a contest 作目的状语，说明发起呼吁的目的，即让艺术家提交故事参加比赛。 六、全文翻译 你是否曾经到达火车站却发现忘记带东西阅读？是的，我们都有手机，但许多人仍然喜欢回归传统，阅读一些印刷品。 旧金山湾区就有一个这样的小亭子。旧金山湾区快速交通系统的首席通信官艾丽西亚·特罗斯特说：“你进入检票口，就会看到一个亮着灯的小亭子，它告诉你可以得到一个一分钟、三分钟或五分钟的故事。”“你选择你想要的长度，它会给出一张收据式的短故事。” 就这么简单。自从去年三月启动这个项目以来，乘客已经打印了近2万篇短故事和诗歌。其中一些是经典短篇故事，还有一些是新的原创作品。 特罗斯特还希望向当地乘客介绍当地作家。“我们想做的是呼吁湾区的艺术家提交故事参加比赛，”特罗斯特说。“到目前为止，我们已经收到了大约120份投稿。获胜的故事将会进入我们的小亭子，然后你将成为一个发表作品的艺术家。” 过去半个世纪以来，全国交通系统的乘客量一直在下降，那么短故事能否拯救交通呢？ 特罗斯特认为可以。 “在一天结束时，所有交通机构现在都在尽一切努力改善乘客体验。所以我绝对认为我们会因为短故事而吸引更多乘客，”她说。 你将永远不会没有东西可读。 ( 六、三年真题 ) 【2023年新课标II卷阅读理解B篇】 Turning soil, pulling weeds, and harvesting cabbage sound like tough work for middle and high school kids. And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden program at four low-income schools. The program aims to help students develop science skills, environmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles. Jaramillo’s students live in neighborhoods where fresh food and green space are not easy to find and fast food restaurants outnumber grocery stores. “The kids literally come to school with bags of snacks and large bottles of soft drinks,” she says. “They come to us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful.” Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something new. Urban Sprouts’ classes, at two middle schools and two high schools, include hands-on experiments such as soil testing, flower-and-seed dissection, tastings of fresh or dried produce, and work in the garden. Several times a year, students cook the vegetables they grow, and they occasionally make salads for their entire schools. Program evaluations show that kids eat more vegetables as a result of the classes. “We have students who say they went home and talked to their parents and now they’re eating differently,” Jaramillo says. She adds that the program’s benefits go beyond nutrition. Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo’s special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues. “They get outside,” she says, “and they feel successful.” 24. What do we know about Abby Jaramillo? A. She used to be a health worker. B. She grew up in a low-income family. C. She owns a fast food restaurant. D. She is an initiator of Urban Sprouts. 25. What was a problem facing Jaramillo at the start of the program? A. The kids’ parents distrusted her. B. Students had little time for her classes. C. Some kids disliked garden work. D. There was no space for school gardens. 26. Which of the following best describes the impact of the program? A. Far-reaching. B. Predictable. C. Short-lived. D. Unidentifiable. 27. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Rescuing School Gardens B. Experiencing Country Life C. Growing Vegetable Lovers D. Changing Local Landscape 【答案】24. D25. C26. A27. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了Abby Jaramillo等老师在低收入学校发起的培养学生科学能力，环保意识以及健康生活方式的Urban Sprouts花园项目，让学生通过体验乡村生活，对学生影响深远。 24.细节理解题。根据第一段的“And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden program at four low-income schools.(起初是这样的，艾比·哈拉米洛说，她和另一位老师在四所低收入学校启动了“Urban Sprouts”学校花园项目。)”可知，艾比·哈拉米洛是Urban Sprouts的发起者。故选D。 25.推理判断题。根据第二段的“she says. “They come to us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful.” Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something new.(她说。“他们来找我们，认为蔬菜很可怕，泥土很可怕，昆虫也很可怕。”虽然有些人一开始害怕昆虫，对泥土感到厌烦，但大多数人都渴望尝试新的东西。)”可知，项目之初，一些学生不喜欢园艺工作。故选C。 26.推理判断题。根据最后一段“She adds that the program’s benefits go beyond nutrition. Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo’s special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues. “They get outside,” she says, “and they feel successful.”(她补充说，该计划好处不仅仅是营养。有些学生对园艺非常感兴趣，他们带回家种子开始自己的菜园。此外，在花园里工作似乎对Jaramillo的特殊教育学生有镇静作用，他们中的许多人都有情绪控制问题。“他们走了出去，”她说，“他们觉得成功。”)”可知，这个项目不仅给学生提供了有营养的食物，而且许多学生回家开创了自己的菜园，对有情绪控制问题的学生也起到了镇静作用，从而推知，该项目的影响是深远的。故选A。 27.主旨大意题。本文介绍了学校花园项目“Urban Sprouts”发起的目的、学生最初对它的反应、项目活动内容以及它给学生的身心健康带来的良好影响。由此推知,C项“变成蔬菜的爱好者”可以概括“Urban Sprouts”项目的作用,适合作为本文的标题。故选C项。 【2022年新课标II卷阅读理解B篇】 We journalists live in a new age of storytelling, with many new multimedia tools. Many young people don’t even realize it’s new. For them, it’s just normal. This hit home for me as I was sitting with my 2-year-old grandson on a sofa over the Spring Festival holiday. I had brought a children’s book to read. It had simple words and colorful pictures — a perfect match for his age. Picture this: my grandson sitting on my lap as I hold the book in front so he can see the pictures. As I read, he reaches out and pokes (戳) the page with his finger. What’s up with that? He just likes the pictures, I thought. Then I turned the page and continued. He poked the page even harder. I nearly dropped the book. I was confused: Is there something wrong with this kid? Then I realized what was happening. He was actually a stranger to books. His father frequently amused the boy with a tablet computer which was loaded with colorful pictures that come alive when you poke them. He thought my storybook was like that. Sorry, kid. This book is not part of your high-tech world. It’s an outdated, lifeless thing. An antique, like your grandfather. Well, I may be old, but I’m not hopelessly challenged, digitally speaking. I edit video and produce audio. I use mobile payment. I’ve even built websites. There’s one notable gap in my new-media experience, however: I’ve spent little time in front of a camera, since I have a face made for radio. But that didn’t stop China Daily from asking me last week to share a personal story for a video project about the integration of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei province. Anyway, grandpa is now an internet star — two minutes of fame! I promise not to let it go to my head. But I will make sure my 2-year-old grandson sees it on his tablet. 24. What do the underlined words “hit home for me” mean in paragraph 2? A. Provided shelter for me. B. Became very clear to me. C. Took the pressure off me. D. Worked quite well on me. 25. Why did the kid poke the storybook? A. He took it for a tablet computer. B. He disliked the colorful pictures. C. He was angry with his grandpa. D. He wanted to read it by himself. 26. What does the author think of himself? A. Socially ambitious. B. Physically attractive. C. Financially independent. D. Digitally competent. 27. What can we learn about the author as a journalist? A. He lacks experience in his job. B. He seldom appears on television. C. He manages a video department. D. He often interviews internet stars. 【答案】24. B 25. A 26. D 27. B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者曾经是一名记者，在春节期间，作者给孙子拿了一本儿童读物，孙子却以为是平板电脑，不停地戳书。 24. B。词句猜测题。根据第一段“We journalists live in a new age of storytelling, with many new multimedia tools. Many young people don’t even realize it’s new. For them, it’s just normal.”以及画线词后文“as I was sitting with my 2-year-old grandson on a sofa over the Spring Festival holiday.”可知，作者是记者，生活在一个讲故事的新时代，有许多新的多媒体工具。许多年轻人甚至没有意识到它是新的。对他们来说，这很正常。而这在春节假期，作者和两岁的孙子坐在沙发上，尤其清楚认识到了这一点。故画线词意思是“我很清楚”。故选B。 25. A。细节理解题。根据第五段中“He was actually a stranger to books. His father frequently amused the boy with a tablet computer which was loaded with colorful pictures that come alive when you poke them. He thought my storybook was like that.(事实上，他对书本并不熟悉。他的父亲经常用一台装有彩色图片的平板电脑逗他开心，当你戳它们的时候，这些图片就会变得栩栩如生。他认为我的故事书就是那样的)”可知，那孩子戳故事书是因为他把它当成了平板电脑。故选A。 26. D。细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“Well, I may be old, but I’m not hopelessly challenged, digitally speaking. I edit video and produce audio. I use mobile payment. I’ve even built websites. (我可能老了，但从数字角度来说，我还没有毫无希望的挑战。我编辑视频，制作音频。我用移动支付。我甚至建立了网站)”可知，作者认为自己懂数码技术。故选D。 27. B。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“There’s one notable gap in my new-media experience, however: I’ve spent little time in front of a camera, since I have a face made for radio.(然而，在我的新媒体体验中有一个明显的差距：我很少在镜头前呆着，因为我的脸是为电台而生的)”可知，作者作为记者他很少上电视。故选B。 【2021年新课标II卷阅读理解B篇】 I have worked as a keeper at the National Zoo, Paris for 11 years. Spot and Stripe are the first tiger cubs that have ever been born here. Globally, a third of Sumatran cubs in zoos don't make it to adulthood, so I decided to give them round-the-clock care at home. I've got two children—the younger one, Kynan, was extremely happy about the tigers arriving - but all of us really looked forward to being part of their lives and watching them grow. I wasn't worried about bringing them into my home with my wife and kids. These were cubs. They weighed about 2.5 kg and were so small that there was absolutely no risk. As they grew more mobile, we let them move freely around the house during the day, but when we were asleep we had to contain them in a large room, otherwise they'd get up to mischief. We'd come down in the morning to find they'd turned the room upside down, and left it looking like a zoo. Things quickly got very intense due to the huge amount of energy required to look after them. There were some tough times and I just felt extremely tired. I was grateful that my family was there to help. We had to have a bit of a production line going, making up “tiger milk”, washing baby bottles, and cleaning the floors. When Spot and Stripe were four months old, they were learning how to open doors and jump fences, and we knew it really was time for them to go. It was hard for us to finally part with them. For the first few days, Kynan was always a bit disappointed that the cubs weren't there. I'm not sad about it. I'm hands-on with them every day at the zoo, and I do look back very fondly on the time that we had them. 24. Why did the author bring the tiger cubs home? A. To ensure their survival. B. To observe their differences. C. To teach them life skills. D. To let them play with his kids. 25. What do the underlined words “get up to mischief” mean in paragraph 3? A. Behave badly. B. Lose their way. C. Sleep soundly. D. Miss their mom. 26. What did the author think of raising the tiger cubs at home? A. Boring. B. Tiring. C. Costly. D. Risky. 27. Why did the author decide to send Spot and Stripe back to the zoo? A. They frightened the children. B. They became difficult to contain. C. They annoyed the neighbours. D. They started fighting each other. 【答案】24. A 25. A 26. B 27. B 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者为了保证两只老虎幼崽的存活，决定在家里全天候照顾它们。介绍了老虎在作者家生活的情况以及作者照顾老虎的感受。 24.细节理解题。根据第一段中“Globally, a third of Sumatran cubs in zoos don't make it to adulthood, so I decided to give them round-the-clock care at home. (在全球范围内，动物园里三分之一的苏门答腊老虎幼崽活不到成年，所以我决定在家里全天候照顾它们)”可知，作者把老虎幼崽带回家是为了确保他们的存活。故选A。 25.词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“As they grew more mobile, we let them move freely around the house during the day, but when we were asleep we had to contain them in a large room, otherwise they'd ”（随着它们的活动越来越多，我们白天让它们在房子里自由活动，但当我们睡觉时，我们必须把它们关在一个大房间里，否则它们会）以及后文“We'd come down in the morning to find they'd turned the room upside down, and left it looking like a zoo.”（我们早上下楼时发现他们把房间弄得乱七八糟，让它看起来像个动物园。）可知，作者不得不把老虎们关在一个大房间里，否则它们就会调皮捣蛋，表现不好。早上下楼时发现他们把房间弄得乱七八糟，看起来像个动物园。故画线词意思是“表现不好”。故选A。 26.推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中“Things quickly got very intense due to the huge amount of energy required to look after them. There were some tough times and I just felt extremely tired.(由于需要大量的精力来照顾它们，事情很快变得非常紧张。有一段艰难的日子，我只是觉得非常累)”可推知，作者认为在家里养小老虎累人。故选B。 27.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“When Spot and Stripe were four months old, they were learning how to open doors and jump fences, and we knew it really was time for them to go.(当Spot和Stripe四个月大的时候，他们正在学习如何开门和跳栅栏，我们知道是时候让他们离开了)”可知，作者决定把Spot 和Stripe送回动物园是因为他们变得难以控制。故选B。 ( 七、满分策略 ) 阅读理解新闻报道满分策略 阅读理解新闻报道类答题策略 一、语篇特点 近年来，英美国家主流媒体已经成为全国各省市高考阅读理解命题文章的主流题源，如《时代》、《科学美国人》、《洛杉矶时报》、《卫报》等。命题文章话题涵盖广泛，有关于政治经济的时文报道，有社会生活中发生的大小事件，还有个人成长的经历趣闻。 新闻类语篇在写作手法上遵循的原则是“keep it short and simple”，简称KISS原则。高考所选取的新闻类文章主要采取“导语（lead）——主体（body）——结尾（end）”的结构模式。 新闻类语篇有以下几个特点： （一） 主题明确突出 新闻类文章的内容围绕某个新闻事件或人物展开，文章主题经常会出现在导语部分。导语一般是文章第一或第一、二段，用简明生动的语言将新闻最具价值、最新鲜的内容或典型例子放在开头，引出文章主题。导语部分通常能全部或部分回答who、what、when、where、why、how等问题。正文主要是对导语部分所提供的主题信息的相关细节进行解释和深化，此部分以记叙或者说明为主。结尾再一次总结中心思想，以强调、启发、或号召等方式结束，也有的新闻文章没有明显的结束语。 （二）信息准确客观 新闻报道强调客观性，一般以第三人称为主，客观报道事实、描述事件或陈述观点。所提供的细节信息，如时间、人物、地点、因果等都有明确的出处或来源。作者一般不表达自己的观点，而是通过引语，包括直接和间接引语，来陈述相关人士的态度和观点。 （三）语言简洁风趣 新闻类语篇既要做到观点明确，又要做到表达有力和叙述生动，因此十分讲究语言的趣味性，用浓缩的语言表达丰富的内容。用词平实易懂，精炼简洁。 二、命题特点 细节理解或细节推断题目是主要题型，考查新闻事件的六要素。 细节理解或者细节推断一般侧重文章导语和主体部分的考查，考题涉及的考点一般与段落顺序对应。主旨归纳和观点推断类题目是难点和热点。主旨大意题考查学生对文章的概括能力，有助于培养学生的思维品质。 主旨大意题包括文章主旨题、段落大意题和标题归纳题。近年来高考新闻类文章一般不含标题，而在设题时要求考生结合新闻事件，选取一个能概括新闻事件主要内容且夺人眼球的最佳标题。 主旨大意题需要考生对导语提供的信息充分理解，有时候还需要将导语和主体部分提供的故事信息或者事件描述结合起来归纳总结。 由于新闻类文章通常会通过直接引语或者间接引语来阐述相关人士的观点，高考命题时会要求学生在阅读时区分事实和观点，学会总结和概括人们对新闻事件的观点和态度，这也符合核心素养培养框架的要求，有利于学生文化品格的提升。这类题型因为涉及阐述人们的观点以及支撑细节，有时可能跨越几个段落，所以难度较大。 三、解题策略 （一）浏览文章，判断文体 考生在做阅读理解题时一定要有“文体意识”，即结合文章体裁的文体特征，紧扣主旨理解文章。具体到新闻类文体，首先通过新闻独有的语篇特征，如导语、信息源等，判断是否是新闻类语篇。然后，根据文章结构特点和题型特点可以去文章相应部分寻找答案，这样可以节约时间、有的放矢。例如：文章主旨、写作意图题一般对应文章导语部分。 （二）利用导语，掌握核心 导语往往包括了新闻最具价值的内容，与主旨密切相关，是对新闻事件本质、新闻人物的突出特点和社会现象背后的原因等最凝练的概括，是写作意图题、主旨大意题的重要判断依据。例如：2020全国高考III卷C篇，探讨了英国社会中由于多方压力，一家人几代同堂的现状。第31题“What is the text mainly about?”就是导语的侧面考查。通过结合下文的例子和数据分析，我们知道这种选择多是同住一室的家庭越来越多，因此全文讲述的是人们居住方式的一种新的趋势。 （三）深入细节，定位分析 细节判断题是新闻类语篇的主要考查题型，做题时考生要有“题目意识”，即由题干关键词把握命题意图和答题要点，解题时多使用“同义转换”或者“综合归纳”两种方法。多数情况下，选项会对原文信息进行同义转换，即原文信息的另外一种表达。相反，选项中如果出现了原文出现过的词句，应当引起警觉，谨防受到“偷梁换柱”的迷惑干扰。有时候细节散落在多个句子，或者在不同段落中都有提到，考生应该分析事件之间的关联、人物与事件的关联、社会现象背后的原因和结果的关联等等，进行综合归纳。如果是以记叙为主，则需要抓住“何人、何时、何为、何因、何果”几要素，这几大要素也是题目的着眼点。 （四） 结合主旨，理解引语 引语是新闻类文章中的点睛之笔，用来体现作者或者文中相关方面的态度、观点，用来佐证支撑主旨。在答题时要有“语境意识”，即联系文章主旨和上下文语境分析判断作者的写作意图或者说话人的情感态度。 ( 八、话题变式 ) 变式一：新闻报道类阅读理解高考真题 【2023浙江1月卷】 A machine can now not only beat you at chess, it can also outperform you in debate. Last week, in a public debate in San Francisco, a software program called Project Debater beat its human opponents, including Noa Ovadia, Israel’s former national debating champion. Brilliant though it is, Project Debater has some weaknesses. It takes sentences from its library of documents and prebuilt arguments and strings them together. This can lead to the kinds of errors no human would make. Such wrinkles will no doubt be ironed out, yet they also point to a fundamental problem. As Kristian Hammond, professor of electrical engineering and computer science at Northwestern University, put it: “There’s never a stage at which the system knows what it’s talking about.” What Hammond is referring to is the question of meaning, and meaning is central to what distinguishes the least intelligent of humans from the most intelligent of machines. A computer works with symbols. Its program specifies a set of rules to transform one string of symbols into another. But it does not specify what those symbols mean. Indeed, to a computer, meaning is irrelevant. Humans, in thinking, talking, reading and writing, also work with symbols. But for humans, meaning is everything. When we communicate, we communicate meaning. What matters is not just the outside of a string of symbols, but the inside too, not just how they are arranged but what they mean. Meaning emerges through a process of social interaction, not of computation, interaction that shapes the content of the symbols in our heads. The rules that assign meaning lie not just inside our heads, but also outside, in society, in social memory, social conventions and social relations. It is this that distinguishes humans from machines. And that’s why, however astonishing Project Debater may seem, the tradition that began with Socrates and Confucius will not end with artificial intelligence. 28. Why does the author mention Noa Ovadia in the first paragraph? A. To explain the use of a software program. B. To show the cleverness of Project Debater. C. To introduce the designer of Project Debater. D. To emphasize the fairness of the competition. 29. What does the underlined word “wrinkles” in paragraph 2 refer to? A. Arguments. B. Doubts. C. Errors. D. Differences. 30. What is Project Debater unable to do according to Hammond? A. Create rules. B. Comprehend meaning. C. Talk fluently. D. Identify difficult words. 31. What can we learn from the last paragraph? A. Social interaction is key to understanding symbols. B. The human brain has potential yet to be developed. C. Ancient philosophers set good examples for debaters. D. Artificial intelligence ensures humans a bright future. 【答案】28. B29. C30. B31. A 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍的是在辩论中战胜人类的名为Project Debater的软件程序。 28.推理判断题。根据第一段的“Last week, in a public debate in San Francisco, a software program called Project Debater beat its human opponents, including Noa Ovadia, Israel’s former national debating champion.(上周，在旧金山的一场公开辩论中，一个名为Project Debater的软件程序击败了它的人类对手，其中包括以色列前全国辩论冠军Noa Ovadia。)”可知，作者在第一段提到Noa Ovadia的目的是展示Project Debater的聪明。故选B。 29.词句猜测题。根据第二段的“Brilliant though it is, Project Debater has some weaknesses. It takes sentences from its library of documents and prebuilt arguments and strings them together. This can lead to the kinds of errors no human would make.(尽管Project Debater很聪明，但它也有一些弱点。它从文档库和预先构建的参数中提取句子，并将它们串在一起。这可能会导致人类不会犯的错误。)”和“will no doubt be ironed out(毫无疑问会被解决)”可知，划线词所在句子表示“这样的错误会被纠正，被解决”，划线词wrinkles的意思是“错误”，和errors意思相近，故选C。 30.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“What Hammond is referring to is the question of meaning, and meaning is central to what distinguishes the least intelligent of humans from the most intelligent of machines. A computer works with symbols. Its program specifies a set of rules to transform one string of symbols into another. But it does not specify what those symbols mean. Indeed, to a computer, meaning is irrelevant.(Hammond所指的是意义的问题，而意义是区分最不聪明的人类和最聪明的机器的关键。计算机使用符号。它的程序指定了一组将一串符号转换为另一串符号的规则。但它并没有具体说明这些符号的含义。事实上，对于计算机来说，意义是无关紧要的。)”可知，根据Hammond的说法，Project Debater不能理解意义，故选B。 31.细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Meaning emerges through a process of social interaction, not of computation, interaction that shapes the content of the symbols in our heads. The rules that assign meaning lie not just inside our heads, but also outside, in society, in social memory, social conventions and social relations.(意义的产生是通过社会互动的过程，而不是计算的过程，这种互动塑造了我们头脑中符号的内容。赋予意义的规则不仅存在于我们的头脑中，也存在于社会之外，存在于社会记忆、社会习俗和社会关系中。)”可知，从最后一段我们能了解到社会互动是理解符号的关键。故选A。 【2020全国III卷】 When "Rise of the Planet of the Apes" was first shown to the public last month, a group of excited animal activists gathered on Hollywood Boulevard. But they weren’t there to throw red paint on fur-coat-wearing film stars. Instead, one activist, dressed in a full-body monkey suit, had arrived with a sign praising the filmmakers: "Thanks for not using real apes (猿)!" The creative team behind "Apes" used motion-capture (动作捕捉) technology to create digitalized animals, spending tens of millions of dollars on technology that I records an actor’s performance and later processes it with computer graphics to create a final image (图像). In this case, one of a realistic-looking ape. Yet "Apes" is more exception than the rule. In fact, Hollywood has been hot on live animals lately. One nonprofit organization, which monitors the treatment or animals in filmed entertainment, is keeping tabs on more than 2,000 productions this year. Already, a number of films, including "Water for Elephants," "The Hangover Part Ⅱ" and "Zookeeper," have drawn the anger of activists who say the creatures acting in them haven’t been treated properly. In some cases, it’s not so much the treatment of the animals on set in the studio that has activists worried; it’s the off-set training and living conditions that are raising concerns. And there are questions about the films made outside the States, which sometimes are not monitored as closely as productions filmed in the Sates. 24. Why did the animal activists gather on Hollywood Boulevard? A. To see famous film stars. B. To oppose wearing fur coats. C. To raise money for animal protection. D. To express thanks to some filmmakers. 25. What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A. The cost of making "Apes." B. The creation of digitalized apes. C. The publicity about “Apes." D. The performance of real apes. 26. What does the underlined phrase "keeping tabs on" in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Listing completely. B. Directing professionally. C. Promoting successfully. D. Watching carefully. 27. What can we infer from the last paragraph about animal actors? A. They may be badly treated. B. They should take further training. C. They could be traded illegally. D. They would lose popularity. 24-27 DBDA 【导读】这是一篇新闻报道。短文报道了电影“猩球崛起”上个月首次与公众见面。动物爱好者聚集在好莱坞前，感谢电影制作者，在电影拍摄时，没有使用真的类人猿。现在的动物拍摄使用的是数字化人猿的创造技术，而一些电影的拍摄却存在着虐待动物的现象，这让一个非盈利的组织密切关注此事。但有些拍摄也是不能够被监测到的。 24. D。细节理解题。根据第一段“Instead, one activist ,dressed in a full -body monkey suit ,had arrived with a sign praising the filmmakers:“Thanks for not using real apes”可知，相反，一名身穿全套猴服的活动人士来到现场，手里拿着一块牌子，称赞电影制作人:“感谢你们不用真正的猿猴。所以动物保护者聚集在好莱坞大道是为了向电影制作者表示感谢。 25. B。主旨大意题。根据第二段“The creative team behind "Apes" used motion-capture (动作捕捉) technology to create digitalized animals, spending tens of millions of dollars on technology that I records an actor’s performance and later processes it with computer graphics to create a final image (图像). ”可知，“人猿”背后的创作团队利用动作捕捉技术创造数字化的动物，在记录演员表演的技术上，花费数千万美元，然后用电脑图形处理，以产生最终的影像。由此可知，第二段主要是关于数字化人猿的创造。 26. D。词句猜测题。根据第三段划线前的句子“One nonprofit organization, which monitors the treatment or animals in filmed entertainment”以及下文Already, a number of films, including "Water for Elephants," "The Hangover Part Ⅱ" and "Zookeeper," have drawn the anger of activists who say the creatures acting in them haven’t been treated properly.由此可知，其中一家监控动物待遇的非营利组织，今年正密切关注着2000多部影片。由此判断出，划线词的意思是“密切关注”。 27. A。推理判断题。根据最后一段In some cases, it’s not so much the treatment of the animals on set in the studio that has activists worried; it’s the off-set training and living conditions that are raising concerns. And there are questions about the films made outside the States, which sometimes are not monitored as closely as productions filmed in the Sates.”可知，在某些情况下，让活动人士担心的并不是工作室里动物的待遇;令人担忧的是训练和生活条件。由此判断出动物演员可能受到虐待。 【2020全国III卷】 With the young unable to afford to leave home and the old at risk of isolation(孤独), more families are choosing to live together. The doorway to peace and quiet, for Nick Bright at least, leads straight to his mother-in-law, she lives on the ground floor, while he lives upstairs with his wife and their two daughters. Four years ago they all moved into a three-storey Victorian house in Bristol — one of a growing number of multigenerational families in the UK living together under the same roof. They share a front door and a washing machine, but Rita Whitehead has her own kitchen, bathroom, bedroom and living room on the ground floor. “We floated the idea to my mum of sharing at a house,” says Kathryn Whitehead. Rita cuts in: “We spoke more with Nick because I think it’s a big thing for Nick to live with his mother-in-law.” And what does Nick think? “From my standpoint, it all seems to work very well. Would I recommend it? Yes, I think I would.” It’s hard to tell exactly how many people agree with him, but research indicates that the numbers have been rising for some time. Official reports suggest that the number of households with three generations living together had risen from 325,000 in 2002 to 419,000 in 2013. Other varieties of multigenerational family are more common. Some people live with their elderly parents; many more adult children are returning to the family home, if they ever left. It is said that about 20% of 25-34-year-olds live with their parents, compared with 16% in 1991.The total number of all multigenerational households in Britain is thought to be about 1.8 million. Stories like that are more common in parts of the world where multigenerational living is more firmly rooted. In India, particularly outside cities, young women are expected to move in with their husband’s family when they get married. 28. Who mainly uses the ground floor in the Victorian house in Bristol? A. Nick. B. Rita. C. Kathryn D. The daughters. 29. What is Nick’s attitude towards sharing the house with his mother-in -law? A. Positive. B. Carefree. C. Tolerant. D. Unwilling. 30. What is the author’s statement about multigenerational family based on? A. Family traditions. B. Financial reports. C. Published statistics. D. Public opinions. 31. What is the text mainly about? A. Lifestyles in different countries. B. Conflicts between generations. C. A housing problem in Britain. D. A rising trend of living in the UK. 28-31 BACD 【导读】这是一篇新闻报道。短文报道了在英国，由于年轻人负担不起离家的费用，而老年人又面临着被孤立的风险，越来越多的家庭选择住在一起，出现了多世同堂的现象。 28. B。细节理解题。根据第三段“ but Rita Whitehead has her own kitchen, bathroom, bedroom and living room on the ground floor.”可知，但Rita在一楼有自己的厨房、浴室、卧室和客厅。由此可知，Rita 在布里斯托尔的维多利亚式住宅中使用一楼。 29. A。 推理判断题。根据第五段“And what does Nick think? “From my standpoint, it all seems to work very well. Would I recommend it? Yes, I think I would.”可知，尼克是怎么想的?“从我的角度来看，一切都很顺利。我推荐它吗?是的，我想我会推荐在一起居住的。”由此判断出，尼克对和和岳母合住房子的态度是积极的。 30. C。细节理解题。根据第六段“ Official reports suggest that the number of households with three generations living together had risen from 325,000 in 2002 to 419,000 in 2013.根据第七段“It is said that about 20% of 25-34-year-olds live with their parents, compared with 16% in 1991.The total number of all multigenerational households in Britain is thought to be about 1.8 million.”可知，据说，25-34岁的年轻人中有20%和父母住在一起，而1991年这一比例为16%。据估计，英国多代同堂的家庭总数约为180万。由此可知，作者关于多世同堂家庭的论述基于发布的统计数据。 31. D。主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段“With the young unable to afford to leave home and the old at risk of isolation(孤独), more families are choosing to live together.”可知，由于年轻人负担不起离家的费用，而老年人又面临着被孤立的风险，越来越多的家庭选择住在一起。所以短文主要是关于英国生活方式的一种上升趋势。 变式二：新闻报道类阅读理解名校好题 01（2024·河北·模拟预测） Standing on the South Pole at the start of the year with the wind blowing across the Antarctic, travel blogger Johnny Ward felt a wave of relief. Just a week before, in early January 2024, he’d struggled through snow and ice to climb to the top of the Vinson Massif, Antarctica’s highest peak. Years before, in 2017, he’d become the first Irish person to visit every country in the world. Now, after decades of traveling and mountaineering, Ward could claim another world first — the Ultimate Explorer’s Grand Slam (大满贯), which involves reaching the highest peak on every continent, and visiting both the North and South Poles in addition to visiting every country. “I feel relieved,” Ward recalled as he slowly made his way back to his home in Thailand after climbing to the top of the Vinson Massif and then setting foot on the South Pole. “But also I’m aware I’m a normal guy, not a world-class athlete, so I guess it was more about resilience and determination more than any ability. Although I met with lots of barriers, I overcame them one by one.” Ward had previously devoted a decade of his life, between 2007 and 2017, to visiting every country in the world. The incredible journey saw him hitchhike (搭便车) a ride on a container ship from Oman to Socotra in Yemen, travel overland from Cairo to Cape Town and travel from South Korea to Australia by bus and boat. “It had been a huge life goal, over a decade of my life, and then when I finished that I was aimless and had no idea what to do next,” he said. “I started eating badly, drinking too much, putting on weight and I ignored my business.” Ward decided that the best way to overcome this was to challenge himself again. He began running ultramarathons (超级马拉松) and climbing mountains, and soon found that with extreme purpose and direction, he was back to loving life again. So where will Ward go next? Space? The bottom of the Mariana Trench, the deepest point of the ocean? “All good things come after suffering, and I want to share that with people. So that’s the next plan,” he said. 1. What did Johnny Ward achieve in early January 2024? A. He climbed to the highest peak in Antarctica. B. He set a new record for traveling in Antarctica. C. He became the first person to visit the South Pole. D. He became the first Irish person to visit every country. 2. What does the underlined word “resilience” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A. The ability to bounce back from difficulties. B. The quality of being strong and honest. C. The skill of achieving goals quickly. D. The power to control one’ s emotions. 3. How did Johnny Ward feel after achieving his life goal in 2017? A. Relaxed. B. Satisfied. C. Lost. D. Excited. 4. Which of the following can best describe Johnny Ward? A. Helpful and motivated. B. Athletic and generous. C. Proud and self-centered. D. Determined and strong-willed. 【答案】1. A 2. A 3. C 4. D 【导语】本文是新闻报道。文章主要讲述旅行博主约翰尼•沃德（Johnny Ward）登上了南极洲最高峰文森峰的顶峰的情况。 1. 细节理解题。根据第二段“Just a week before, in early January 2024, he’d struggled through snow and ice to climb to the top of the Vinson Massif, Antarctica’s highest peak. (就在一周前，也就是2024年1月初，他艰难地穿过冰雪，登上了南极洲最高峰文森峰的顶峰。)”可知，2024年1月初，约翰尼•沃德登上了南极洲最高峰文森峰的顶峰。故选A。 2. 词句猜测题。根据第四段“But also I’m aware I’m a normal guy, not a world-class athlete, so I guess it was more about resilience and determination more than any ability. Although I met with lots of barriers, I overcame them one by one. (但我也知道我是一个普通人，不是世界级的运动员，所以我想这更多的是关于resilience和决心，而不是任何能力。尽管我遇到了很多障碍，但我一个接一个地克服了它们。)”可知，这里描述约翰尼•沃德在克服一个又一个困难时具备的品质，应该是有能力一次又一次的面对并解决困难，所以resilience的意思应该是“恢复力”，和选项A意思一致。故选A。 3. 细节理解题。根据第六段““It had been a huge life goal, over a decade of my life, and then when I finished that I was aimless and had no idea what to do next,” he said. “I started eating badly, drinking too much, putting on weight and I ignored my business.”(他说：“这是我十多年来的一个巨大的人生目标，当我完成这一目标时，我毫无目标，不知道下一步该做什么。我开始吃得不好，喝太多酒，体重增加，我忽视了我的生意。”)”可知，约翰尼•沃德在2017年实现人生目标后变得没有目标了，很迷茫。故选C。 4. 推理判断题。根据第四段“Although I met with lots of barriers, I overcame them one by one. (尽管我遇到了很多障碍，但我一个接一个地克服了它们。)”，第五段“Ward had previously devoted a decade of his life, between 2007 and 2017, to visiting every country in the world. The incredible journey saw him hitchhike (搭便车) a ride on a container ship from Oman to Socotra in Yemen, travel overland from Cairo to Cape Town and travel from South Korea to Australia by bus and boat. (沃德之前曾在2007年至2017年期间花了十年时间访问世界上的每一个国家。在这段不可思议的旅程中，他搭上了一艘集装箱船，从阿曼到也门的索科特拉，从开罗到开普敦，从韩国乘公共汽车和船到澳大利亚。)”和第七段“Ward decided that the best way to overcome this was to challenge himself again. He began running ultramarathons (超级马拉松) and climbing mountains, and soon found that with extreme purpose and direction, he was back to loving life again. (沃德决定，克服这一问题的最好方法是再次挑战自己。他开始跑超级马拉松和登山，很快发现，带着极端的目标和方向，他又回到了热爱生活的状态。)”可知，约翰尼•沃德克服困难，实现目标登顶南极洲最高峰文森峰的顶峰，之前花了十年时间访问世界上的每一个国家，可得出他是一个很有决心和意志坚强的人。故选D。 02（2024·安徽合肥·三模） As young children went back to school across Sweden last month, many of their teachers were putting a new emphasis on printed books, quiet reading time and handwriting practice and devoting less time to tablets, independent online research and keyboarding skills. The return to more traditional ways of learning is a response to experts’ doubt on the country’s over-digitalized approach to education, which has even introduced tablets into kindergartens. They are worried that it has already led to a decline in basic skills. The rapid adoption of digital learning tools has also drawn concern from a United Nations’ education agency. In a report published last month, the agency issued an urgent call for appropriate use of technology in education. The report urges countries to speed up Internet connections at schools, but at the same time warns that technology in education should be used in a way so that it never replaces in-person, teacher-led instruction and supports the shared objective of quality education for all. However, online instruction is a hotly debated subject across Europe and other parts of the West. Germany has been famously slow in moving information of all kinds online, including education. Many students can complete their schooling without any kind of required digital instruction, such as coding. Most parents worry their children may not be able to compete in the job market with technologically better-trained young people from other countries. “If we don’t manage to make education digital, then we will no longer be a competitive country in 20 years,” said Sascha Lobo, one of the parents interviewed last year. However, not all teachers are convinced that Sweden’s back-to-basics push is in the best interest for students. “Technology is just one part of a really complex network of factors in education,” said Catarina Branelius, a third grade teacher in the Swedish capital, Stockholm. “I use tablets in math, but I don’t use tablets for writing text. Students under age 10 need time and practice and exercise in handwriting… before you introduce them to write on a tablet.” 5. What did Sweden stress before this new school year? A. Printed books. B. Handwriting practice. C. Quiet reading time. D. Independent online research. 6. Which can best describe the approach suggested by the United Nations’ agency? A. Textbook-centered. B. Balanced. C. Over-digitalized. D. Traditional. 7. What can be known from paragraph 4? A. Students in Germany do not heavily rely on computers. B. The German government is pushing for online instruction. C. German parents are happy with their children’s education. D. Teachers in Germany are ready to make education digital. 8. What is Catarina Branelius’s attitude to the new policy? A. Favorable. B. Unclear. C. Doubtful. D. Unconcerned. 【答案】5. D 6. B 7. A 8. C 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了瑞典在新学年推行的新政策：回归基础，避免教育过度数字化。 5. 推理判断题。根据第一段“As young children went back to school across Sweden last month, many of their teachers were putting a new emphasis on printed books, quiet reading time and handwriting practice and devoting less time to tablets, independent online research and keyboarding skills. (上个月，随着瑞典各地的孩子们返校，他们的许多老师开始重新强调纸质书、安静的阅读时间和书写练习，减少了在平板电脑、独立在线研究和键盘技能上的时间)”可知，瑞典此前强调学生通过网络独立研究问题的能力。故选D项。 6. 推理判断题。根据第三段中“In a report published last month, the agency issued an urgent call for appropriate use of technology in education. The report urges countries to speed up Internet connections at schools, but at the same time warns that technology in education should be used in a way so that it never replaces in-person, teacher-led instruction and supports the shared objective of quality education for all. (在上个月发布的一份报告中，该机构紧急呼吁在教育中适当使用技术。该报告敦促各国加快学校的互联网连接，但同时警告说，教育技术的使用方式不应取代面对面的、教师主导的教学，而应支持全民优质教育的共同目标)”可知，联合国机构建议中适当使用技术，既敦促加快学校的互联网连接，又提醒不能让技术取代基础的教学。由此可知，这种方法是均衡的。故选B项。 7. 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Germany has been famously slow in moving information of all kinds online, including education. Many students can complete their schooling without any kind of required digital instruction, such as coding. (众所周知，德国在将包括教育在内的各种信息转移到网上的速度很慢。许多学生可以在没有任何必要的数字教学的情况下完成学业，比如编程)”可知，德国的学生不太依赖电脑。故选A项。 8. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中Catarina Branelius所说的话“Technology is just one part of a really complex network of factors in education (技术只是教育中一个非常复杂的因素网络的一部分)”和“I use tablets in math, but I don’t use tablets for writing text. Students under age 10 need time and practice and exercise in handwriting… before you introduce them to write on a tablet. (我用平板电脑做数学，但我不用它写文章。10岁以下的学生在你教他们在平板电脑上写字之前，需要时间和练习书写)”可知，Catarina Branelius可能认为新政策错误地高估了技术在教育中的影响力，感到新政策有点矫枉过正。由此可知，他对新政策持怀疑的态度。故选C项。 03（2024·四川雅安·三模） Josefa Marin went to New York from Mexico in 1987, supporting her daughter back home with the $140 a week she earned at a sweater factory. With that small income, she had to collect recyclables, trading in cans for five cents each. When the clothing factory closed down in the late 2000s, she became a full-time recycler, picking up cans and bottles to make ends meet. Marin’s story is not unique. Millions around the world make a living from picking through waste and reselling it — a vital role that keeps waste manageable. In New York City, the administrative department collects only about 28 percent of the cans that could be recycled. Rubbish collectors keep millions of additional recyclables out of landfills every year. Yet collectors are ruled out by government policies. The United States Supreme Court in 1988 stated that household garbage is public property once it’s on the street. That enables police to search rubbish for evidence, but that protection hasn’t always been extended to recyclers. And in places like New York City, which is testing city-owned locked containers to hide garbage from rats, containers are made clearly inaccessible for collectors. “There’s value in the waste, and we feel that value should belong to the people, not the city or the corporations”, says Ryan Castalia, director of a nonprofit recycling and community center in Brooklyn. Recognized or not, waste pickers have long been treated with disrespect. Marin recalls an occasion when someone living next to a building where she was collecting cans threw water at her. “It doesn’t mean I am less of a person than anyone else because I recycle”, she says. Some governments are starting to realize that protecting the environment and humanity go hand in hand. The United Nation’s 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, for example, calls for an end to poverty and all the risks it brings. 9. Why does the author start the passage with Marin’s story? A. To suggest waste collectors’ importance. B. To reflect laid-off workers’ hardship. C. To praise her devotion to her daughter. D. To show the seriousness of unemployment. 10. What can we learn about the waste mentioned in Paragraph 4? A. It is always available on the street for collectors. B. It is public property no matter where it is. C. It is actually only accessible for certain groups. D. It is hidden in containers for rats. 11. What would Marin agree with? A. Business is business. B. No job is noble or humble. C. The early bird catches worms. D. One good turn deserves another. 12. What’s the writing purpose of this passage? A. To argue how important it is to get rid of poverty. B. To call on governments to work hand in hand to protect the environment. C. To prove that unemployed people can make a living by collecting recyclables. D. To tell that environmental protection is closely related to preserving humanity. 【答案】9. A 10. C 11. B 12. D 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了Josefa Marin从墨西哥来到纽约，通过回收废品支持家庭的故事。她的经历揭示了全球数百万依靠回收废品维持生计的“垃圾拾荒者”的困境。尽管他们为城市环境做出了贡献，但政府政策往往忽视他们的权益。然而，随着对环境问题和可持续发展的关注增加，一些政府开始重视他们的角色和权益。 9. 推理判断题。文章第一段“Josefa Marin went to New York from Mexico in 1987, supporting her daughter back home with the $140 a week she earned at a sweater factory. With that small income, she had to collect recyclables, trading in cans for five cents each. (1987年，约瑟法·马林(Josefa Marin)从墨西哥来到纽约，用她在毛衣厂每周挣到的140美元养活女儿。由于收入微薄，她不得不收集可回收物品，以每个5美分的价格出售易拉罐。)”和第二段“When the clothing factory closed down in the late 2000s, she became a full-time recycler, picking up cans and bottles to make ends meet. (2000年代末，服装厂倒闭后，她成了一名全职的回收工，捡易拉罐和瓶子来维持生计。)”讲述了Marin捡垃圾维持生计的故事，结合第三段“Marin’s story is not unique. Millions around the world make a living from picking through waste and reselling it — a vital role that keeps waste manageable. In New York City, the administrative department collects only about 28 percent of the cans that could be recycled. Rubbish collectors keep millions of additional recyclables out of landfills every year. (马林的故事并非个例。世界各地有数百万人通过捡垃圾和转售来谋生——这是保持垃圾可管理的重要角色。在纽约市，管理部门只收集了28%可以回收的易拉罐。垃圾收集者每年从垃圾填埋场中取出数百万件可回收物品。)”可推知，作者以Marin的故事作为文章的开头是为了说明垃圾捡拾者的重要作用：他们在城市垃圾管理中扮演重要角色。故选A项。 10. 细节理解题。根据第四段“Yet collectors are ruled out by government policies. The United States Supreme Court in 1988 stated that household garbage is public property once it’s on the street. That enables police to search rubbish for evidence, but that protection hasn’t always been extended to recyclers. And in places like New York City, which is testing city-owned locked containers to hide garbage from rats, containers are made clearly inaccessible for collectors. (然而，回收者却被政府政策排除在外。1988年，美国最高法院裁定，一旦家庭垃圾被扔到街上，它就成为公共财产。这使得警察可以在垃圾中搜寻证据，但这种保护并没有总是延伸到拾荒者。而在纽约市等地，为了防止老鼠接触垃圾，正在测试城市拥有的带锁容器，这些容器明显无法让拾荒者接近。)”可知，段中提到只有警察可以在垃圾中搜寻证据，而拾荒者无法接近垃圾。即第四段提到的垃圾只对特定的群体开放。故选C项。 11. 推理判断题。根据第六段中“Marin recalls an occasion when someone living next to a building where she was collecting cans threw water at her. “It doesn’t mean I am less of a person than anyone else because I recycle”, she says. (马林回忆说，有一次，她正在捡饮料罐，隔壁的人向她泼水。她说：“这并不意味着我因为回收垃圾就不如别人。”)”可知，虽然Marin遭到歧视，但她并不认为回收垃圾就不如别人，所以，她会赞成“工作没有高贵或卑微之分”这一说法。故选B项。 12. 推理判断题。通读全文，结合最后一段中“Some governments are starting to realize that protecting the environment and humanity go hand in hand. (一些政府开始意识到保护环境和保护人类是息息相关的。)”可知，文章讲述了Josefa Marin这样的拾荒者，他们通过回收废品来支持家庭，将环保与生存直接联系起来，作者借此说明环境保护与保护人类息息相关。故选D项。 04（2024·河北保定·二模） Since the African Union first launched Great Green Wall in 2007, the initiative has struggled to make headway. Made up of local efforts across 11 countries, it has reached just 16% of its overall goal. But last month, the project, which analysts estimate will cost at least $30 billion, got a major boost: a total of $14 billion in funding over the next 5 years from a union of international development banks and governments. Environmental restoration and community development specialists welcomed the news. But many are also apprehensive. In recent years, research by ecologists and social scientists has shown that many forestry projects in Africa have failed because they didn’t adequately address fundamental social and ecological issues. The project leaders often planted species in places where they didn’t belong, and did little to help the young trees survive. “Tree planting is often viewed as the simple act of digging a hole,” forest scientist Karen Holl said. “But this short-term view has resulted in large quantities of money being spent on efforts that have failed almost entirely.” In Africa, the adoption of one approach called Farmer-Managed Natural Regeneration (FMNR), is credited with regreening a notable portion of the Sahel. The low-cost restoration technique took off in Niger in the 1980s and has since spread to other nations. It relies on farmers to protect and nurture trees that grow from existing root systems and seeds in the soil. Over decades, FMNR has led to greater tree cover and other ecological benefits, such as higher soil carbon content, researchers have found. But many efforts, particularly those not led by local communities, stumble (蹒跚而行). Newly planted trees can die of neglect when planners don’t engage communities from the start in discussions about which species to plant, as well as whether residents are willing and able to provide the water, fertilizer, and protection from grazing animals that trees need. “The farmers are often busy and have their own priorities; they will not manage trees that they do not value,” forest specialist Abayneh Derero wrote in a study. 13. What is the good news for Great Green Wall? A. It will get more funds. B. It will be completed soon. C. More countries will build it. D. More scientists will study it. 14. What should the forestry project leaders do to get success? A. Address their own issues properly. B. Help young African people survive. C. Act according to the local conditions. D. Learn how to dig holes and plant trees. 15. Why is FMNR mentioned in the text? A. To analyse a different reason B. To offer a practicable solution. C. To present a social background. D. To explain a similar phenomenon. 16. What does the last paragraph stress about the forestry project? A. It’s vital to protect trees from animals. B. The farmers have their own priorities. C. The residents’ abilities need developing. D. Local people’s involvement is important. 【答案】13. A 14. C 15. B 16. D 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍的是2007年非洲联盟发起的“绿色长城”的倡议取得重大推进，并分析了该倡议进展缓慢的原因，同时提供了一个可行的解决方案。 13. 细节理解题。根据首段中的“But last month, the project, which analysts estimate will cost at least $30 billion, got a major boost: a total of $14 billion in funding over the next 5 years from a union of international development banks and governments.(但上个月，该项目得到了重大推动：未来5年，国际开发银行和政府联盟将提供总计140亿美元的资金。分析人士估计，该项目至少将耗资300亿美元。)”可知，国际开发银行和政府联盟将提供总计140亿美元的资金给该项目，由此可知，对“绿色长城”倡议的好消息是会得到更多的资金。故选A项。 14. 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In recent years, research by ecologists and social scientists has shown that many forestry projects in Africa have failed because they didn’t adequately address fundamental social and ecological issues.(近年来，生态学家和社会科学家的研究表明，非洲的许多林业项目都失败了，因为它们没有充分解决根本的社会和生态问题。)”可知，许多林业项目失败的原因是没有充分解决根本的社会和生态问题，结合第三段中的“The project leaders often planted species in places where they didn’t belong, and did little to help the young trees survive.(项目负责人经常在不属于它们的地方种植物种，对帮助幼树存活几乎没有什么帮助。)”可知，项目负责人在不属于它们的地方种植物种，这都导致项目的失败，由此可知，要想取得成功，项目负责人应该了解当地的实际情况，选择适合当地条件的物种种植。故选C项。 15. 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“In Africa, the adoption of one approach called Farmer-Managed Natural Regeneration (FMNR), is credited with regreening a notable portion of the Sahel.(在非洲，一种被称为农民管理的自然再生(FMNR)的方法被认为使萨赫勒地区的大部分地区重新绿化。)”可知，非洲一种农民管理的自然再生法使得萨赫勒地区的大部分地区重新绿化，说明这种方法对重新绿化有效，结合下文中的“Over decades, FMNR has led to greater tree cover and other ecological benefits, such as higher soil carbon content, researchers have found.(研究人员发现，几十年来，FMNR带来了更大的树木覆盖和其他生态效益，比如更高的土壤碳含量。)”可知，研究发现FMNR带来更大的树木覆盖和其他生态效益，FMNR带来的生态效益与“绿色长城”项目遭到失败形成对比，所以提到FMNR的目的是提供了一个可行的解决方案。故选B项。 16. 细节理解题。根据尾段中的“But many efforts, particularly those not led by local communities, stumble (蹒跚而行). Newly planted trees can die of neglect when planners don’t engage communities from the start in discussions about which species to plant, as well as whether residents are willing and able to provide the water, fertilizer, and protection from grazing animals that trees need.(但许多努力，特别是那些不是由当地社区领导的努力，都步履蹒跚。如果规划者从一开始就没有让社区参与讨论种植哪些物种，以及居民是否愿意和能够提供树木所需的水、肥料和保护，新种植的树木可能会因忽视而死亡。)”可知，没有当地社区领导的努力都是徒劳，没有让社区参与讨论种植哪种物种或者居民不愿参与其中，新种植的树木都会因被忽略而死亡，由此可知，最后一段强调的是当地居民的参与对林业的发展很重要。故选D项。 05（2024·湖北·模拟预测） Orange chicken, sweet and sour pork, fried rice… Max Burns lists several typical Western-style of Chinese dishes that disappoint him. For a 21-year-old native British young man who spent his first thirteen years in China, those cuisines are far from authentic, but rather a category which is invented to cater to Western preferences. What also upsets Burns is that the view of Chinese food has been subsequently skewed (扭曲). Quite a few Westerners recognize that particular type of fa re as the whole of Chinese cuisine. “They almost have no clue about the extent of Chinese cuisine, about how it varies because people forget how big China is. It is a country that has deserts from one side, jungles and sea from the other side. Each area has its unique style of cooking.” he says. Burns tries to showcase the richness of delicious Chinese dishes by vlogging (拍摄并上传) about making Chinese dishes at home. “Food is probably the most accessible way for everyone to learn an alien culture.” he says. Sometimes, his British friends would join to help. “And quite often, they were shocked by the diversity of Chinese cuisine. They’ve had a long time to figure out that Chinese food is just a lot more complex.” The food adventure has helped Burns grow into an influencer with more than three million of subscribers worldwide today. “So, I can definitely say that I’ve changed some people’s ideas about Chinese food.” Interestingly, when Burns first started vlogging in 2016 directly after moving back to Brighton, England from Beijing, copying Chinese food at home was a then “stupid idea”, as he puts it, because he was never super into cooking. At the time, the videos centered more on explaining aspects of Chinese culture, including movies, snacks, restaurants and more. Looking ahead, Burns has some plans in mind. “I would love to do a travel food show throughout China on TV. Also, I would love to have my. own restaurant in the future. That’s definitely going to happen.” 17. When did Max Burns return to Brighton, England according to the text? A. Aged 13. B. Aged 14. C. Aged 16. D. Aged 21. 18. How does Max Burns change people’s wrong attitude to the Chinese cuisines? A. Treat them to Chinese dishes. B. Write reports on Chinese cuisines. C. Cook Chinese dishes for them in person. D. Display authentic Chinese cuisines on. 19. What is paragraph 5 of the text mainly about? A. Burns’s ambitions. B. Burns’s achievements. C. Burns’s adventures. D. Burns’s subscribers. 20. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A. Influencer Develops a Taste for Chinese Cuisine. B. Influencer Has Done What He Can to Change. C. Chinese Cuisines Have to Cater to Westerners. D. Chinese Cuisines Have Been Around the World. 【答案】17. B 18. D 19. B 20. A 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。本文讲述一些中国菜肴为了迎合西方人的喜好变得远非正宗，一个在中国生活了13年的21岁英国年轻人伯恩斯对此颇感沮丧，于是他通过视频（拍摄并上传）展示在家里做的中国菜的丰富美味，迅速改变了一些人对中国菜肴的误解。 17. 细节理解题。由第一段第二句 “For a 21-year-old native British young man who spent his first thirteen years in China”（对于一个21岁的英国年轻人来说，他在中国度过了头13年的人生）和第六段第一句“Interestingly, when Burns first started vlogging in 2016 directly after moving back to Brighton, England from Beijing”（有趣的是，2016年从北京搬回英国布莱顿后，伯恩斯第一次开始发视频）可知，伯恩斯头13年的人生是在中国度过的，说明他14岁回到了英国的布莱顿。故选B项。 18. 细节理解题。根据第四段“Burns tries to showcase the richness of delicious Chinese dishes by vlogging (拍摄并上传) about making Chinese dishes at home.”（Burns试图通过在家制作中国菜的视频博客来展示中国菜的丰富多样）可知Max Burns是通过在视频博客上展示真正的中国菜来改变人们对中国菜的错误认知的。故选D。 19. 主旨大意题。根据第五段“So, I can definitely say that I’ve changed some people’s ideas about Chinese food.”（所以，我可以肯定地说，我改变了一些人对中餐的看法。）可知，第五段主要讲了伯恩斯的成就。故选B项。 20. 主旨大意题。本文讲述一些中国菜肴为了迎合西方人的喜好变得远非正宗，一个在中国生活了13年的21岁英国年轻人伯恩斯对此颇感沮丧，于是他通过视频（拍摄并上传）展示在家里做的中国菜的丰富美味，迅速改变了一些人对中国菜肴的误解。所以短文的标题为“网红提升了（众人）对中国菜肴的鉴赏力”。故选A项。 06（2024·江西·二模） Disagreements have arisen in Northern France after many ancient standing stones were damaged to make way for a new hardware chain (五金连锁店). About 39 stones, dating back at least 7,000 years, were removed from the site, which sits on one of Europe’s most famous prehistoric attractions, Agence France-Presse (AFP) reported. “The site has been damaged,” local archaeologist Christian Obeltz told AFP. Carnac, often described as “French Stonehenge”， is famous for its spreading fields of large tall stones. The stones are arranged in long, straight lines and, according to the Carnac Tourist Office, it is the largest collection of this type of standing stone in the world. The two main sites alone, at Menec and Kermarjo, house nearly 3,000 standing monuments covering over 4 miles. The purpose of this ancient curiosity is still unknown. Many believe it may have had something to do with religion, while others think it could have served as a farming calendar. One idea even suggests that the stones are connected to a sad event that happened to a Roman army. The Regional Office of Cultural Affairs for Brittany, which is responsible for protecting the cultural monument, made a statement on disagreements over building the store on Wednesday. “Given the uncertain and non-major character of the remains, damage to a site of historical value has not been established,” the statement said. However, Obeltz mentioned that there hasn’t been enough research in the area to decide whether the stones were historically important. News of building the store has caused a storm of angry comments on social media, with many expressing their thoughts on the loss of the ancient stones. “Poor Carnac! The commodification (商品化) of the world prepares the man without memories,” said Philippe de Villiers, France’s former Secretary of State for Culture. “In Carnac,39 standing stone monuments survived Julius Caesar, World War I and World War II. But not Mr. DIY!” the Twitter account Dom Revolution wrote. 21. What happened to the 39 stones? A. They were sold to a store. B. They were worn with time. C. They were moved away. D. They were used to build a building. 22. What makes Carnac stand out as a site of stone monuments? A. Its unique shape. B. Its large size. C. Its long rich history. D. Its connection with an army. 23. What may the Regional Office agree with? A. The site has low historical value. B. The site needs government protection. C. The site is not very well-known. D. The site should have been studied more. 24. Why does the author mention opinions on the Internet? A. To share people’s last memories of Carnac. B. To stress the importance of protecting Carnac. C. To show public anger at Carnac’s situation. D. To give more information about Carnac’s history. 【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A 24. C 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，讲述了在法国北部，为了给一家新的五金连锁店腾地方，许多古老的立石遭到破坏，引发了争议。 21. 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Disagreements have arisen in Northern France after many ancient standing stones were damaged to make way for a new hardware chain(在法国北部，由于许多古老的立石被破坏以便为一家新的五金连锁店让路，引发了争议。)”可知，这39块石头被移走了。故选C。 22. 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The stones are arranged in long, straight lines and, according to the Carnac Tourist Office, it is the largest collection of this type of standing stone in the world.( 这些石头排列成长长的直线，根据卡尔纳克旅游局的说法，这是世界上最大的这种类型立石的集合地)”可知，Carnac因其庞大的规模而著称。故选B。 23. 推理判断题。根据文章第五段“The Regional Office of Cultural Affairs for Brittany, which is responsible for protecting the cultural monument, made a statement on disagreements over building the store on Wednesday. “Given the uncertain and non-major character of the remains, damage to a site of historical value has not been established,” the statement said(布列塔尼地区文化事务办公室，负责保护该文化遗迹，于周三就建造商店引发的争议发表了声明。声明中表示：“鉴于遗存的不确定性和非主要特性，尚未确定对具有历史价值地点的破坏”)”可知，布列塔尼地区文化事务办公室可能认为这个遗址的历史价值不高。故选A。 24. 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“News of building the store has caused a storm of angry comments on social media, with many expressing their thoughts on the loss of the ancient stones.( 建造商店的消息在社交媒体上引发了愤怒的舆论浪潮，许多人纷纷表达了对失去这些古老石块的想法)”以及最后一段“In Carnac,39 standing stone monuments survived Julius Caesar, World War I and World War II. But not Mr. DIY!( 在卡尔纳克，39座立石纪念碑经历了尤利乌斯·凯撒、第一次世界大战和第二次世界大战。但没能挺过DIY先生！)”可知，作者提及网络上的观点是为了展示公众对于Carnac当前状况的愤怒。故选C。 07（2024·安徽·三模） College professors these days face an ever-higher bar to get the attention of their students, forced to compete with smartphones and laptops in large lecture halls. But when your professor is a social media star, it’s a little bit easier. Tatiana Erukhimova, who teaches physics at Texas A&M University, has managed to get her students, as well as future generations, excited about the science. Known as “Dr. Tatiana” to her students and online fan base, the professor performs physics tricks with boundless energy and enthusiasm. In the kid-friendly videos, Erukhimova uses a range of everyday objects in her experiments, from pingpong balls and toilet paper. Her department’s YouTube page has about 2.5 million followers. She got famous on YouTube. It’s clear she knows what it takes to get young people excited about a hard science. But it wasn’t always that way. When she first started teaching college freshman classes almost two decades ago, she struggled to grab the attention of her younger students. She was used to teaching juniors, as she had for a few years prior to that. By junior year, students enrolled in physics are committed to learn, she says. With them, she could walk through the syllabus (教学大纲) on day one, and still command the room. But when it comes to teaching a large lecture hall of 100-plus first-year students, first impressions are make or break. By the second semester, she found her footing, adjusting her approach to get her students engaged. “Talk to your students before and after class, walk up and down the stairs when you teach your class rather than stay on the stage. And don’t just lecture, talk to them — make it interactive.” She says. And, of course, add showy demonstrations to help students to connect these abstract concepts with real life. She’s earned more than just recognition on social media. In October, she was honored with a national award for science outreach “for leadership in bringing the excitement of physics through innovative education programs.” 25. What does the author intend to do in the first paragraph? A. To introduce the topic. B. To present a challenge. C. To analyze. D. To provide some backgrounds. 26. What challenge do college freshman courses pose to Tatiana? A. Introducing the syllabus to her students. B. Preventing her students’ absent-mindedness. C. Creating a lasting impression on her students. D. Finding a lecture hall large enough for her students. 27. How did Tatiana find her footing in her teaching? A. By lecturing students more. B. By bonding with her freshmen. C. By becoming a social medium star. D. By answering all her students’ questions. 28. Which best describes Tatiana Erukhimova? A. Rigid. B. Humorous. C. Demanding. D. Flexible. 【答案】25. A 26. B 27. B 28. D 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章以塔蒂亚娜·埃鲁希莫娃教授为例，讲述了网红教授更受学生青睐这一现象。 25. 推理判断题。 根据第一段的“College professors these days face an ever-higher bar to get the attention of their students, forced to compete with smartphones and laptops in large lecture halls. But when your professor is a social media star, it’s a little bit easier. (如今，大学教授在吸引学生注意力方面面临着越来越高的门槛，他们被迫在大型演讲厅与智能手机和笔记本电脑竞争。但当你的教授是社交媒体明星时，这就容易一点了。)” 可知，作者首先提出了大学教授在吸引学生注意力方面面临的挑战，然后引出了当教授成为社交媒体明星时，情况会有所不同的主题。由此可推断，作者在第一段的目的是引入话题。故选A。 26. 细节理解题。 根据第三段中的“But it wasn’t always that way. When she first started teaching college freshman classes almost two decades ago, she struggled to grab the attention of her younger students. (但事实并非总是如此。大约20年前，当她第一次开始教授大学新生时，她很难吸引年轻学生的注意力。)”可知，对Tatiana来说，给大学一年级新生上课的挑战在于抓住他们注意力，防止学生心不在焉。故选B。 27. 细节理解题。 根据第四段的““Talk to your students before and after class, walk up and down the stairs when you teach your class rather than stay on the stage. And don’t just lecture, talk to them—make it interactive.” She says. And, of course, add showy demonstrations to help students to connect these abstract concepts with real life. (她说：“课前和课后与学生交谈，上课时上下楼梯，而不是呆在舞台上。不要只是讲课，要与他们交谈——要使其互动。”当然，还可以添加炫耀性的演示，帮助学生将这些抽象概念与现实生活联系起来。)”可知，Tatiana调整她的教学方法来吸引学生的参与，这些策略表明她通过与新生建立联系（即加强互动和沟通）找到了教学的立足点。故选B。 28. 推理判断题。根据全文描述，以及第一段的“College professors these days face an ever-higher bar to get the attention of their students, forced to compete with smartphones and laptops in large lecture halls. But when your professor is a social media star, it’s a little bit easier. (如今，大学教授在吸引学生注意力方面面临着越来越高的门槛，他们被迫在大型演讲厅与智能手机和笔记本电脑竞争。但当你的教授是社交媒体明星时，这就容易一点了。)”可知，Tatiana Erukhimova能够灵活调整教学策略，利用社交媒体和互动演示使物理课程生动有趣，由此可推知，她是非常灵活的。故选D。 08（2024·陕西榆林·模拟预测） On Nov 7, 52-year-old French author Jean-Baptiste Andrea secured the famed Goncourt Prize for his novel Watch Over Her. With a history of 120 years, the Goncourt Prize stands as one of the most important literary awards in France. Described as “extremely refreshing”, the book offers readers a break from a sad new cycle, according to Didier Lecoin, the jury (评委会) president of the Goncourt Prize. Philippe Claudel, another member, said it was “high-quality popular literature”. “And that is what the Goncourt is about,” he added. Watch Over Her develops as a love story between a young poor sculptor and a local noble young woman in 20th -century Italy, during the rise of fascism (法西斯主义). The account skillfully combines their story of love with explorations of Italian history and political structures. Andrea mentioned that he crafted the story of Watch Over Her because he desired to reconnect with Italy, “the country of my ancestors”, and because he firmly believed in the power of popular fiction. Andrea, a former screenwriter and director who turned to novel writing in his 40s, expressed that writing novels allowed him to rediscover the joy of writing lost in filmmaking. For him , writing is a means of taking control of his life, representing a return to his childhood passion for storytelling. While some critics suggested that Watch Over Her might challenge the traditionally elite (精英) image of the Goncourt Prize, Andrea thought differently in an interview with France Inter, stating, “I feel that today we’ve left the privilege of telling stories to cinema... as if telling a story excluded depth. But I think we can be popular and at the same time deep, and give different levels of reading to different types of readers and generations.” 29. What is the purpose of the first paragraph? A. To lead into the topic of the passage. B. To introduce a new literary award. C. To present one of the major views of the society. D. To draw readers’ attention to writing. 30. What do people think of Watch Over Her? A. It is highly thought of by all. B. It offers an escape from sorrow. C. It elevates high-quality literature. D. It provides access to science fiction. 31. Why did Andrea return to novel writing? A. He is interested in exploring storytelling methods. B. He hopes to find a sense of inner peace. C. He needs to seek further inspiration for filmmaking. D. He wants to fulfill his childhood dream. 32. What do we know about Watch Over Her? A. It is a short story set in 19th-century Italy. B. It is a historical exploration of French politics. C. It represents Andrea’s way of revisiting his roots. D. It involves a young sculptor and a poor woman. 【答案】29. A 30. B 31. D 32. C 【导语】本文属于新闻报道。文章报道了法国作家Jean-Baptiste Andrea获得Goncourt Prize的新闻，并对获奖作品《Watch Over Her》的内容、作者的创作动机以及该书受到的评价进行了评述，同时包含了对作者背景的简要介绍。 29. 推理判断题。由文章第一段中的“On Nov 7, 52-year-old French author Jean-Baptiste Andrea secured the famed Goncourt Prize for his novel Watch Over Her. With a history of 120 years, the Goncourt Prize stands as one of the most important literary awards in France. (11月7日，52岁的法国作家Jean-Baptiste Andrea凭借小说《Watch Over Her》获得著名的Goncourt Prize。Goncourt Prize奖至今已有120年的历史，是法国最重要的文学奖项之一。)”可知，该段通过介绍法国作家Jean-Baptiste Andrea获得Goncourt Prize这一事件，引出了文章的主题，即对获奖作品《Watch Over Her》的内容、作者的创作动机以及该书受到的评价进行了评述，同时包含了对作者背景的简要介绍。故选A。 30. 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Described as “extremely refreshing”, the book offers readers a break from a sad new cycle, according to Didier Lecoin, the jury (评委会) president of the Goncourt Prize. (Goncourt Prize评委会主席Didier Lecoin表示，这本书“令人耳目一新”，让读者从悲伤的新周期中解脱出来。)”可知，人们认为这本书为读者提供了从悲伤中抽离的机会。故选B。 31. 细节理解题。根据第五段中“For him, writing is a means of taking control of his life, representing a return to his childhood passion for storytelling. (对他来说，写作是控制自己生活的一种方式，代表着他对讲故事的童年激情的回归。)”可知，Andrea重返小说写作是因为他想实现儿时的讲故事梦想。故选D。 32. 推理判断题。根据第三段“Watch Over Her develops as a love story between a young poor sculptor and a local noble young woman in 20th -century Italy, during the rise of fascism (法西斯主义). The account skillfully combines their story of love with explorations of Italian history and political structures. (《Watch Over Her》讲述的是20世纪意大利法西斯主义兴起时期，一位贫穷的年轻雕刻家和一位当地贵族年轻女子之间的爱情故事。这本书巧妙地将他们的爱情故事与对意大利历史和政治结构的探索结合起来。)”和第四段“Andrea mentioned that he crafted the story of Watch Over Her because he desired to reconnect with Italy, “the country of my ancestors”, and because he firmly believed in the power of popular fiction. (安德烈提到，他精心构思了《Watch Over Her》的故事，因为他想重新与意大利这个“我祖先的国家”建立联系，也因为他坚信通俗小说的力量。)”可知，这本书代表了Andrea重访他的根源的方式。故选C。 $$