Unit 1 The Mass Media 单元话题阅读理解练习-2024-2025学年高二英语选择性必修第二册单元重难点易错题精练（译林版2020）

Unit 1 The Mass Media 单元话题阅读理解练习 （23-24高二下·江苏苏州·期末）Mobile phones are set to be prohibited in schools across England as part of the government’s plan to minimize disturbance and improve behavior in classrooms. New mobile phones in schools guidance issued today backs headteachers in prohibiting the use of mobile phones throughout the school day, including at break times. Many schools around the country are already prohibiting mobile phone use with great results. This guidance will ensure there is a uniform approach across all schools. By the age of 12, 97% of children have their own mobile phone, according to Ofcom. Too much time spent on mobile phones in schools can lead to online bullying, distraction and classroom disturbance which, in turn, can lead to lost learning time. Last year, UNESCO called for smartphones to be banned from schools as evidence showed it was linked to reduced educational performance and that too much screen time had a negative impact on children’s well-being. Schools will be supported to prohibit mobile phone use with different approaches including banning phones from the school, handing in phones on arrival at school, and keeping phones securely locked away at school. The guidance will respond to concerns from parents about mobile phones, with the latest data from Parent Kind’s National Parent Survey, revealing that 44% of parents are concerned about the amount of time their children spend on electronic devices, rising to 50% of parents of secondary school children. “We are making long-term decisions to ensure all pupils have world class education. This guidance builds on that work which has delivered 89% of schools rated good or outstanding by Ofsted, up from just 68% in 2010. Our plan is working with school standards rising across the board. England has leveled up the international rankings for academic attainment through our multimillion-pound Maths and English program. We are now one of the top performing countries in the Western world for Maths and reading. The government will continue to build on this progress by delivering crucial reforms including by creating the Advanced British Standard.” Education Secretary Gillian Keegan said. 1．What does the underline word “uniform” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Consistent. B．Critical. C．Contradictory. D．Conventional. 2．Which of the following approach is NOT backed by the new guidance? A．Introducing phone lockers in the school. B．Disabling the Internet access in the school. C．Requiring students to hand in phones on campus. D．Restricting students from taking phones to school. 3．Which adjective can best describe the new guidance? A．Well-grounded. B．Cost-effective. C．Energy-consuming. D．Ground-breaking. 4．What is mainly talked about in the text? A．Mobile phones use meets with opposition in British schools. B．A new guidance of mobile phones in schools has come into effect. C．British education has made great achievements in the past few years. D．The British government rises to the challenges posed by parents actively. （23-24高二上·江苏宿迁·期末）Award-winning Chinese shoe designer, Huang Qinqin, shares her transformative journey, combining cultural heritage and international design to shape the art of practical wear. Believing that the value of her products doesn’t lie in business operation, Huang always focuses on how to convey the stories behind her shoes to customers instead.“It is like storytelling, a natural ability I possess,” she said with a smile. However, Huang’s journey into design was unforeseen and it took her several years to discover her true passion. Huang switched her major from physics to international communications studies at university.While she found great enjoyment in these courses, she still didn’t know what she could do in the future. “One day, I grabbed a sheet of paper and began drawing some shoe designs I saw online.It was at that moment that the light suddenly dawned.” recalled Huang. To her astonishment, Huang discovered while international luxury shoe brands like Jimmy Choo and Christian Louboutin are household names, Chinese brands are rarely seen.This finding fueled Huang’s determination to pursue her career as a shoe designer, hoping to fill the blank in the international market. After returning to China from the UK, Huang established her own shoe brand.“I think Chinese students studying abroad today all share a strong sense of mission—to showcase what China truly has to offer to the world,” Huang said. Looking back, Huang said that she took a long time to finally find her lifelong passion.“There is a saying that one must achieve fame at a young age, but I believe it is never too late to unlock one’s potential, since everyone operates on their unique ‘time zone’,” she said. Before her current career path, Huang never stopped trying new things, including garden design and dance.These diverse experiences have all become precious treasures in her life, nurturing her self-directed learning abilities, which have turned out to be essential skills for her startup business today. 5．What does Huang value most about her products? A．Design concept. B．Market share. C．Quality standard. D．Business operation. 6．What further motivated Huang Qinqin to be a shoe designer? A．Passion for fashion and design. B．Lack of Chinese brands in the field. C．Desire to challenge conventional norms. D．Love for international luxury shoe brands. 7．What can best describe Huang? A．Creative and flexible. B．Ambitious and easy-going. C．Talented and accessible. D．Responsible and humorous. 8．What might Huang agree with? A．Well begun is half done. B．Think twice before you leap. C．Every step counts in your life. D．It matters much when you succeed. （23-24高二上·江苏徐州·期末）A former starchitect (明星建筑师) who designed villas for Pakistan’s celebrities now rebuilds villages completely destroyed by natural disasters. October 2005, a catastrophic earthquake claiming some 79, 000 people in Pakistan reduced the villages to ruins in mud. Yasmeen Lari, a then-65-year-old architect was there to help lead the reconstruction of settlements. Working with volunteer architects and engineers from Pakistan and abroad, she started drawing plans for earthquake-resistant homes. Over the following decades, Lari designed various houses and devices inside. Lari’s shelters, inspired by traditional designs and made with sustainable materials such as bamboo, mud and lime (石灰) that are sourced locally first, can better withstand disasters. Bamboo homes on stilts (柱子) allow water to flow through, while cross-bracing (交叉支撑) provides strength and flexibility during earthquakes. Lari’s insistence on low-cost, zero-waste and zero-carbon buildings reflects her commitment to the planet. This sustainable inspiration has fuelled many of Lari’s designs, which now include household innovations. For instance, more than 80, 000 of her well-received limecrete and smokeless cookstoves were built. The device, which won a UN World Habitat Prize in 2018, costs about E8 to make and is fuelled with agricultural waste. The stoves stand higher than flood levels, making them safer than smoky, open cooking fires on the ground. Now at age 83, Lari is still fizzing with ideas about zero-carbon designs, skills building and self-sustaining villages. 9．Which can best describe Yasmeen Lari? A．Insistent and conventional. B．Productive and stubborn. C．Innovative and committed. D．Economical and academic. 10．What is an advantage of Lari’s shelters? A．They accommodate homeless villagers. B．They are all made of local materials. C．They follow traditional designs. D．They are resistant to earthquakes. 11．What do we know about the stove Lari designed? A．It costs a lot. B．It generates smoke. C．It gains popularity. D．It burns animal waste. 12．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．From architect to humanitarian B．The greatest architect ever C．Rebuilding destroyed villages D．Designing household devices （23-24高二上·江苏苏州·期末）It was May 1945 when what would become one of America’s most popular home-cooking techniques first entered the English dictionary. In her cookbook, How to Cook and Eat in Chinese, 55-year-old Chinese immigrant (移民) Chao Yang Buwei described a process common in her homeland, where cooks would cut meat and vegetables into small bites and tumble (翻滚) them rapidly together over heat. “The Chinese term for the technique, ch’ao, cannot be accurately translated into English,” Chao complained. For short, she decided, “We shall call it ‘stir-fry.’” The term soon made its way into the American language and has since taken on a life of its own. Chao came to cooking unexpectedly. A doctor by profession, she gave up her medical career to move to the United States in 1921 after her husband, the famed linguist (语言学家) Chao Yuanren, was offered a job at Harvard. Bored at home and only able to speak a little English, she turned to cooking dishes that reminded her of China: soups with mushrooms and pork flavored with soy sauce. She eventually agreed when a friend begged her to write a cookbook. Chao’s eldest daughter helped her translate recipes from Chinese to English, before her husband put the finishing touches on the language, often adding phrasing that even Chao recognized as awkward. This stylistic conflict resulted in a cookbook that Chao was “ashamed to have written,” as she declared in an author’s note. The cookbook succeeded, going into multiple printings by the end of 1945, though critics largely overlooked the anger in Chao’s words. English-language Chinese cookbooks had been published as far back as 1911 in the United States, but Chao’s was the first that refused to westernize Chinese cooking. She may have given America a well-worn phrase, but she knew that some aspects of the immigrant experience resist translation. Chao’s contribution to American food culture should have been enough to make her into headlines, but the New York Times did not even honor her with an obituary (讣告) upon her death. How many other cooking pioneers like Chao, immigrants who didn’t silence their difference in order to gain broad approval, still await rediscovery? 13．Which of the following is true about “chao”? A．It is a cooking technique used only in America. B．It quickly found a place in the American language. C．It was accurately translated into “stir-fry” by Chao. D．It means mixing together small pieces of materials. 14．What made Chao turn to traditional Chinese cooking? A．Her interest in cooking. B．Her profession as a doctor. C．Inadaptability to life in America. D．Encouragement from her husband. 15．What is most special about Chao’s cookbook? A．Consistency in writing style. B．Refusal to westernize Chinese cooking. C．Success in pleasing the American taste. D．Reflection of western culture. 16．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．Chao’s cookbook was largely overlooked by critics. B．Chao followed the same trend as other cookbook writers. C．Chao isn’t the only immigrant that deserves giving credit to. D．Chao gained popularity for her unwillingness to silence her differences. （23-24高二上·江苏无锡·期末）Climate change is not only a human problem; animals have to adapt to it as well. Some “warm-blooded” animals are shapeshifting (变形) and getting larger legs, ears, and beak s to better control their body temperatures as the planet gets hotter. Bird researcher Sara Ryding of Deakin University in Australia describes these changes in a review. “It’s high time we recognized that animals also have to adapt to these changes, and this is occurring over a far shorter time than would have occurred through most of evolutionary time,” says Ryding. “The climate change that we have created is putting a lot of pressure on them, and while some species will adapt, others will not.” Ryding notes that climate change is a complex phenomenon that’s been occurring gradually, so it’s difficult to determine just one cause of the shapeshifting. But these changes have been occurring across wide geographical regions and among a variety of species, so there is little in common apart from climate change. Strong shapeshifting has particularly been reported in birds. Several species of Australian parrot have shown, on average, a 4% to 10% increase in size since 1871, and this is positively associated with the summer temperature each year. North American dark-eyed juncos, a type of small songbird, had a link between increased size and short-term temperature extremes in cold environments. There have also been reported changes in mammalian (哺乳动物) species. Researchers have reported tail length increases in wood mice. “The increases in appendage (附肢) size we see so far are quite small — less than 10% — so the changes are unlikely to be immediately noticeable,” says Ryding. “However, prominent (突起的) appendages such as ears are predicted to increase.” Next, Ryding intends to investigate shapeshifting in Australian birds by 3D scanning museum bird samples from the past 100 years. Undoubtedly, it will give her team a better understanding of which birds are changing appendage size due to climate change and why. 17．What is the purpose of paragraph 1? A．To introduce a bird researcher. B．To present a shapeshifting phenomenon. C．To explain the cause of climate change. D．To state the terrible influence of climate change. 18．What can be inferred about animals’ shapeshifting from paragraphs 2 and 3? A．It is slower than their evolution. B．It’s impossible to determine its cause. C．It is a global phenomenon beyond species. D．Climate change is its potential cause. 19．What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A．The examples of shapeshifting. B．The effects of shapeshifting. C．The explanations of shapeshifting. D．The history of shapeshifting. 20．Which of the following will Ryding’s next study focus on? A．The speed of shapeshifting. B．The cause of climate change. C．The samples of Australian birds. D．The understanding of bird history. （22-23高二上·江苏镇江·期末）A Florida teen is gaining national attention with her graduation speech and a basket of strawberries. “Care for some strawberries?” Brenda said at her graduation from Mulberry High School. After jokingly acknowledging there might not be enough, she went on, “These are no ordinary strawberries.” She held up a series of strawberries, revealing what each represents: sweat, dirt, aches, and pains. Brenda described herself as the daughter of two tireless farmers who immigrated from Mexico and spent most of their days working in fields of strawberries, blueberries, and cucumbers. “My motivation has been rooted in my immigrant culture.” Because of this, she chose to focus on that in her address. “Many students used to be ashamed of their upbringing but today, we’re proud of what makes us.” She explained how she grew up under poor conditions. “I’m motivated by my parents’ hands that lose feeling from laborious work. Despite the hot sun and body pains, they back me up heart and soul in my education, which weighs more strongly with me than anything else. I must work hard and succeed.” Brenda’s heading to Stanford University this fall. She also credited some of her outstanding achievements to her teacher Higgins, who helps immigrant students and the poor. Her speech has been viewed by thousands online. “Hearing it touched other people’s hearts who said they understood my message, I’m struck the same,” Brenda said later. The principal of Mulberry High School, Michael Young, was one member of the audience getting emotional. “The speech was very powerful—her fruit did help paint a good picture of things she wanted to convey,” Young said. As for her message to young people struggling, Brenda said, “Past circumstances aren’t in charge of your future. If you’re from a poor family, use every resource and try to better yourself. You’re the author of your story.” 21．Why did Brenda bring strawberries to her graduation? A．To share her home-grown fruit. B．To show hardship her parents faced. C．To better illustrate her speech’s topic. D．To explain the importance of motivators. 22．What affected Brenda most in terms of her academic success? A．Help from her teacher. B．Her life experience. C．Her native culture. D．Support from her parents. 23．How did Brenda feel about the viewers’ response online? A．Proud. B．Sympathetic. C．Awkward. D．Moved. 24．What did Brenda convey to the young? A．Life is what you make it. B．Every cloud has a silver lining. C．Everyone deserves a good life story. D．Resources in hand decide your future. （23-24高二上·江苏苏州·阶段练习）In a little over a decade, Manas National Park, located in the northeastern Indian state of Assam, has seen great growth in its greater one-horned rhino (独角犀牛) population. Plans for bringing rhinos back to Manas NP were developed in 2005, and translocations (转移) began in 2008 with individuals moved to Manas from other protected areas in Assam. During the first translocation in 2008, two adult males were successfully moved from Assam’s Pobitora Wildlife Sanctuary to Manas, Over the next four years, 16 more rhinos were translocated to Manas from Kaziranga National Park and Pobitora. The translocated rhinos were radio-collared (佩戴无线电项圈的) to know about their health, movement, and behavior, and collect important data for better management and protection of rhinos in the future. Before the translocations, the park was built to provide conditions for protecting the rhinos, since their safety is always a key consideration once the rhinos are moved. Since 2008, 20 rhinos have been translocated and all translocated females have given birth at least once since they were moved to their new homes, with 26 babies born by April 2020. This growing population is evidence (证据) that these tireless efforts are paying off for rhino protection. Translocations are just one part of successful rhino protection. Local communities that live near or share rhino habitats play an important role in helping to keep their populations safe. The local government and the Bodoland Territorial Council have led efforts to involve local communities in protection. These groups have provided support for local community protection organizations in and around Manas to raise awareness of the importance of protection in their area and train youth and other community members to help protect the park. In addition, these partners have been supporting communities to develop local tourism and offering opportunities to develop tourism in the area, which brings in additional livelihood opportunities. Today, there are around 3,700 greater one-horned rhinos in Asia, up from only 200 at the beginning of the 20th century. While the species continues to face threats (威胁) from hunting, signs of population growth like those from Manas are certainly cause for hope. 25．What can we learn about the translocated rhinos in paragraph 2? A．They were watched closely B．They were badly treated before. C．They were used to draw tourists. D．They were set free and lived independently. 26．What can we infer about the plans in paragraph 3? A．They weren’t considered important. B．They were surprisingly easy. C．They worked effectively. D．They weren’t realistic. 27．How did local communities react to the plans? A．They were confused about them. B．They were quite supportive of them. C．They didn’t show much interest in them. D．They thought they harmed local tourism. 28．What would be the best title for the text? A．Rhinos face new threats in Asia B．Protection of rhinos helps benefit India C．Translocation of rhinos has gone through ups and downs D．Rhinos make a comeback in India’s Manas National Park （23-24高二上·江苏徐州·期中）I’m a recovering addict. I was addicted to YouTube. My addiction started several years ago. My first experience was on the recommendation of a friend to check out Susan Boyle’s amazing singing on Britain’s Got Talent. I didn’t think much about it and got on with my life. But soon I found myself spending a lot of time staring at the screen and discovered onscreen offerings were truly endless. From one YouTuber I learned how to plant my own vegetable garden. Someone else gave wise sayings from philosophers. Down the rabbit hole I went, for hours and hours, watching other people living their lives and giving me advice on how to live mine. As the months rolled by, checking in every day with people who were talking to me personally (or so it seemed) became an addiction. I subscribed to (订阅) many channels and waited anxiously for new weekly offerings. I found all this calming and therapeutic. At some point, though, I got annoyed by these artistic and seemingly perfect lives. Who are filming them? Do they happen to live in a meadow (草地)? The questions started to disturb me while forcing comparisons with my own somewhat more ordinary existence. Regardless of my growing anxiety, I continued to click on the YouTube icon on my phone whenever I had a spare five minutes. I compared my life constantly with the images onscreen. I started to hate the endless rules presented for good health, financial stability and mental contentment. In a moment of clarity (清晰), I realized that I had a full and happy life myself, which suited me perfectly although it wouldn’t win awards for perfection onscreen. I put my phone away and started paying attention to my own life, instead of watching other people live theirs. I still like checking in once in a while for some entertainment and inspiration, but I’ve limited my exposure. I am content in the knowledge that my addiction to life onscreen has been replaced by life itself. 29．What led the author to use YouTube for the first time? A．Her search for gardening tips. B．Her friend’s recommendation. C．Her curiosity about the platform. D．Her admiration for a famous singer. 30．What did the author think of YouTube videos at first? A．Informative and relaxing. B．Dull and discouraging. C．Creative and puzzling. D．Addictive and useless. 31．What happened after the author became addicted to YouTube? A．She gradually lost purpose in life. B．She tried to copy others’ lifestyle. C．She sought for the peace of country life. D．She kept making comparisons with others. 32．What kind of life does the author live now? A．Stop surfing online. B．Upload videos about her life. C．Appreciate real-life experiences more. D．Spend more time on her social life. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 参考答案： 1．A 2．B 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍的是英国各地的许多学校已经禁止使用手机，并取得了很大的成效。 1．词句猜测题。根据划线单词前的“Many schools around the country are already prohibiting mobile phone use with great results.(全国各地的许多学校已经禁止使用手机，并取得了很大的成效。)”可知，全国各地的许多学校已经禁止使用手机，且取得很大成效，结合划线单词中的“This guidance will ensure”和“approach across all schools”可知，此处表示该指导方针确保所有学校使用“统一的”方法，所以划线单词的意思与A项“Consistent.统一的”意义相近。故选A项。 2．细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Schools will be supported to prohibit mobile phone use with different approaches including banning phones from the school, handing in phones on arrival at school, and keeping phones securely locked away at school.(学校将通过禁止手机进入学校、在到达学校时上交手机、将手机安全地锁在学校等不同的方法来禁止使用手机。)”可知，新指导要求学生禁止带手机进学校、到校上交手机以及将手机安全地锁在学校，并未提到禁止在学校上网。故选B项。 3．推理判断题。根据尾段中的“We are making long-term decisions to ensure all pupils have world class education. This guidance builds on that work which has delivered 89% of schools rated good or outstanding by Ofsted, up from just 68% in 2010.(我们正在做出长期决定，以确保所有学生都能接受世界一流的教育。这项指导是建立在这项工作的基础上的，这项工作使被教育标准局评为优秀的学校从2010年的68%上升到89%。)”可知，这项指导是建立在这项工作的基础上的，这项工作使被教育标准局评为优秀的学校从2010年的68%上升到89%，由此可知，这项新指导是有充分理由的。故选A项。 4．主旨大意题。根据首段中的“Mobile phones are set to be prohibited in schools across England as part of the government’s plan to minimize disturbance and improve behavior in classrooms. New mobile phones in schools guidance issued today backs headteachers in prohibiting the use of mobile phones throughout the school day, including at break times.(作为英国政府减少干扰和改善课堂行为计划的一部分，英国各地的学校将禁止使用手机。今天发布的学校新手机指导意见支持校长禁止在学校全天使用手机，包括在休息时间。)”以及下文介绍的制定该项指导的原因以及取得的成效可知，本文主要介绍的是一项关于在学校使用手机的新规定已经生效。故选B项。 5．A 6．B 7．A 8．C 【导语】本文是一篇人物专访。文章主要围绕获奖的中国鞋履设计师黄沁沁展开，详细描述了她的职业旅程、设计理念、人生经历以及对未来的展望。 5．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Believing that the value of her products doesn’t lie in business operation, Huang always focuses on how to convey the stories behind her shoes to customers instead. (她认为产品的价值不在于商业运作，而是专注于如何将鞋子背后的故事传达给顾客。)”可知，她认为产品的价值不在于商业运营，而是如何向顾客传达鞋子背后的故事。因此，她最看重的是产品的设计理念，即如何通过设计来传达故事和情感。故选A。 6．细节理解题。根据文章第五段“To her astonishment, Huang discovered while international luxury shoe brands like Jimmy Choo and Christian Louboutin are household names, Chinese brands are rarely seen. This finding fueled Huang’s determination to pursue her career as a shoe designer, hoping to fill the blank in the international market.(令她惊讶的是，黄女士发现，虽然像Jimmy Choo和Christian Louboutin这样的国际奢侈鞋品牌家喻户晓，但中国品牌却很少见到。这一发现让她下定决心成为一名鞋子设计师，希望填补国际市场的空白。)”可知，当黄沁沁发现鞋子市场缺乏中国品牌时，她决定要成为一名鞋子设计师，希望填补国际市场上中国品牌鞋的空白。故选B。 7．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Award-winning Chinese shoe designer, Huang Qinqin, shares her transformative journey, combining cultural heritage and international design to shape the art of practical wear.(屡获殊荣的中国鞋履设计师黄沁沁分享了她的变革之旅，将文化遗产与国际设计相结合，塑造了实用的穿着艺术。)”可知，黄沁沁设计的鞋子屡获殊荣，由此可知，她是一位有创造力的设计师；再根据文章第七段“Looking back, Huang said that she took a long time to finally find her lifelong passion.(回首往事，黄说她花了很长时间才最终找到自己毕生的爱好。)”以及最后一段“Before her current career path, Huang never stopped trying new things, including garden design and dance.(在走上现在的职业道路之前，她从未停止尝试新事物，包括花园设计和舞蹈。)”可知，在找到真正热爱的事业之前，黄尝试了多种新事物，包括花园设计和舞蹈，这显示了她的灵活性和愿意尝试新事物的态度。因此，用“创造性”和“灵活”来形容黄沁沁是恰当的。故选A。 8．推理判断题。根据文章第七段“Looking back, Huang said that she took a long time to finally find her lifelong passion. “There is a saying that one must achieve fame at a young age, but I believe it is never too late to unlock one’s potential, since everyone operates on their unique ‘time zone’,” she said(回首往事，黄说她花了很长时间才最终找到自己毕生的爱好。她说:“俗话说，出名要趁早，但我相信释放一个人的潜力永远不会太晚，因为每个人都有自己独特的‘时区’。)”以及最后一段“Before her current career path, Huang never stopped trying new things, including garden design and dance. These diverse experiences have all become precious treasures in her life, nurturing her self-directed learning abilities, which have turned out to be essential skills for her startup business today.(在走上现在的职业道路之前，她从未停止尝试新事物，包括花园设计和舞蹈。这些不同的经历都成为她人生中宝贵的财富，培养了她自主学习的能力，而这些能力也成为她今天创业的必备技能。)”可知，黄沁沁表示她花了很长时间才找到自己一生的热情所在，并指出“我相信，每个人都有自己独特的‘时区’，解锁潜力永远不会太晚。”这表明她重视人生的每一步，并认为每一步都是重要的。而她认为自己曾经做的每件事，尝试过的新事物，都培养了她的能力，而这些能力也成为了她成功的必备技能。由此可知，她重视的不是成功的时刻，而是过程中的每一步。故选C。 9．C 10．D 11．C 12．A 【导语】本文是新闻报道。文章主要讲述建筑师亚丝明·拉里（Yasmeen Lari）研究零碳设计、技能建设和自给自足的村庄，并且对世界的可持续发展做出了很大的贡献。 9．推理判断题。根据第三段“Over the following decades, Lari designed various houses and devices inside. Lari’s shelters, inspired by traditional designs and made with sustainable materials such as bamboo, mud and lime(石灰) that are sourced locally first, can better withstand disasters. Bamboo homes on stilts (柱子) allow water to flow through, while cross-bracing(交叉支撑) provides strength and flexibility during earthquakes. Lari’s insistence on low-cost, zero-waste and zero-carbon buildings reflects her commitment to the planet. (在接下来的几十年里，拉里设计了各种各样的房子和里面的设备。拉里的避难所受到传统设计的启发，采用竹子、泥土和石灰等可持续材料制成，这些材料首先来自当地，可以更好地抵御灾害。高跷上的竹屋可以让水流通过，而交叉支撑在地震期间提供了强度和灵活性。拉里对低成本、零浪费和零碳建筑的坚持反映了她对地球的承诺。)”可知，拉里在几十年里面一直坚持对低成本、零浪费和零碳建筑的建筑要求，所以她是一个有创新性又有坚定力做事的人。故选C。 10．细节理解题。根据第三段“Lari’s shelters, inspired by traditional designs and made with sustainable materials such as bamboo, mud and lime(石灰) that are sourced locally first, can better withstand disasters. (拉里的避难所受到传统设计的启发，采用竹子、泥土和石灰等可持续材料制成，这些材料首先来自当地，可以更好地抵御灾害。)”可知，拉里的避难所可以更好地抵御灾害。故选D。 11．细节理解题。根据第四段“For instance, more than 80, 000 of her well-received limecrete and smokeless cookstoves were built. (例如，她建造了8万多个广受欢迎的石灰混凝土和无烟炉灶。)”可知，拉里建造的无烟炉灶很受欢迎。故选C。 12．主旨大意题。根据第一段“A former starchitect(明星建筑师) who designed villas for Pakistan’s celebrities now rebuilds villages completely destroyed by natural disasters. (一位为巴基斯坦名人设计别墅的前明星建筑师现在重建了被自然灾害完全摧毁的村庄。)”，第三段“Lari’s insistence on low-cost, zero-waste and zero-carbon buildings reflects her commitment to the planet. (拉里对低成本、零浪费和零碳建筑的坚持反映了她对地球的承诺。)”和最后一段“Now at age 83, Lari is still fizzing with ideas about zero-carbon designs, skills building and self-sustaining villages. (现年83岁的拉里仍然对零碳设计、技能建设和自给自足的村庄充满了想法。)”可知，这篇文章主要讲述建筑师拉里研究零碳设计、技能建设和自给自足的村庄，并且对世界的可持续发展做出了很大的贡献。所以用A项“From architect to humanitarian”作为本文的题目，与文章主题相符合。故选A。 13．B 14．C 15．B 16．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Chao Yang Buwei（一位55岁的中国移民）如何将“炒”（stir-fry）这种烹饪技术引入美国，并在其后的岁月里，这项技术如何在美国流行开来。 13．细节理解题。根据第一段“It was May 1945 when what would become one of America’s most popular home-cooking techniques first entered the English dictionary. In her cookbook, How to Cook and Eat in Chinese, 55-year-old Chinese immigrant (移民) Chao Yang Buwei described a process common in her homeland, where cooks would cut meat and vegetables into small bites and tumble (翻滚) them rapidly together over heat. “The Chinese term for the technique, ch’ao, cannot be accurately translated into English,” Chao complained. For short, she decided, “We shall call it ‘stir-fry.’” The term soon made its way into the American language and has since taken on a life of its own.(1945年5月，美国最受欢迎的家庭烹饪技术之一首次被收入英语词典。55岁的中国移民Chao Yang Buwei在她的烹饪书《如何用中文做饭和吃饭》中描述了她家乡常见的一种烹饪方法，厨师会把肉和蔬菜切成小块，然后在火上快速翻炒。Chao抱怨说：“这种技术的中文术语‘炒’无法准确地翻译成英语。”简而言之，她决定，“我们就叫它‘stir-fry’吧。’”这个词很快就进入了美国语言，并从此有了自己的生命)”可知，“炒”很快在美国语言中找到了一席之地。故选B项。 14．细节理解题。根据第二段“Bored at home and only able to speak a little English, she turned to cooking dishes that reminded her of China: soups with mushrooms and pork flavored with soy sauce.(由于在家里感到无聊，而且只会说一点英语，她开始做一些让她想起中国的菜：用酱油调味的蘑菇和猪肉汤)”可知，因为不适应美国的生活，Chao转向中国传统烹饪。故选C项。 15．细节理解题。根据最后一段“English-language Chinese cookbooks had been published as far back as 1911 in the United States, but Chao’s was the first that refused to westernize Chinese cooking.(早在1911年，英文的中国烹饪书就在美国出版了，但Chao的书是第一本拒绝将中国烹饪西化的书)”可知，Chao的烹饪书最特别的是拒绝西化中国烹饪。故选B项。 16．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Chao’s contribution to American food culture should have been enough to make her into headlines, but the New York Times did not even honor her with an obituary (讣告) upon her death. How many other cooking pioneers like Chao, immigrants who didn’t silence their difference in order to gain broad approval, still await rediscovery?(Chao对美国饮食文化的贡献应该足以让她登上头条，但《纽约时报》甚至没有在她去世时为她写讣告。还有多少像Chao这样的烹饪先驱，那些没有为了获得广泛认可而沉默自己的差异的移民，仍在等待被重新发现？)”可推知，还有很多移民仍在等待被重新发现，所以Chao并不是唯一一个值得表扬的移民。故选C项。 17．B 18．D 19．A 20．C 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了研究发现动物也必须适应气候变化。一些“温血”动物正在发生形体变化，以便更好地控制体温。 17．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Climate change is not only a human problem; animals have to adapt to it as well. Some “warm-blooded” animals are shapeshifting (变形) and getting larger legs, ears, and beak s to better control their body temperatures as the planet gets hotter. Bird researcher Sara Ryding of Deakin University in Australia describes these changes in a review. (气候变化不仅是人类的问题；动物也必须适应它。随着地球变暖，一些“温血”动物正在变形，它们的腿、耳朵和喙变得更大，以便更好地控制体温。澳大利亚迪肯大学的鸟类研究人员Sara Ryding在一篇综述中描述了这些变化。)”可知，第一段的目的是说明气候变化对动物产生的影响，特别介绍了“温血”动物的变形现象。故选B项。 18．推理判断题。根据第三段中“But these changes have been occurring across wide geographical regions and among a variety of species, so there is little in common apart from climate change. (但这些变化发生在广泛的地理区域和各种各样的物种之间，所以除了气候变化之外，几乎没有什么共同之处。)”可知，气候变化是不同地理区域和不同变形物种背后的唯一共同点，由些推知，气候变化是动物变形的潜在原因。故选D项。 19．主旨大意题。根据第四段中“Strong shapeshifting has particularly been reported in birds. Several species of Australian parrot have shown, on average, a 4% to 10% increase in size since 1871, and this is positively associated with the summer temperature each year. North American dark-eyed juncos, a type of small songbird, had a link between increased size and short-term temperature extremes in cold environments. There have also been reported changes in mammalian (哺乳动物) species. Researchers have reported tail length increases in wood mice. “The increases in appendage (附肢) size we see so far are quite small — less than 10% — so the changes are unlikely to be immediately noticeable,” says Ryding. “However, prominent (突起的) appendages such as ears are predicted to increase.” (据报道，鸟类有很强的变形能力。自1871年以来，澳大利亚几种鹦鹉的体型平均增长了4%到10%，这与每年夏季的温度呈正相关。北美黑眼睛的灯芯草雀是一种小型鸣禽，在寒冷环境中，体型的增加与短期极端温度之间存在联系。据报道，哺乳动物物种也发生了变化。研究人员报告说，木鼠的尾巴长度增加了。“到目前为止，我们看到的附属物尺寸的增长非常小，不到10%，所以这种变化不太可能立即被注意到，”赖丁说。“然而，耳朵等突出的附属物预计会增加。”)”可知，第四段中列举了鹦鹉、灯芯草雀和木鼠的变形情况。故选A项。 20．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Next, Ryding intends to investigate shapeshifting in Australian birds by 3D scanning museum bird samples from the past 100 years. (接下来，Ryding打算通过3D扫描博物馆过去100年的鸟类样本来研究澳大利亚鸟类的变形。)”可知，Ryding接下来的研究将专注于澳大利亚鸟类的样本。故选C项。 21．C 22．D 23．D 24．A 【导语】本文为一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述的是佛罗里达州一名少年Brenda的毕业演讲和一篮草莓引起了全国的关注。 21．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“She held up a series of strawberries, revealing what each represents: sweat, dirt, aches, and pains. (她拿起一串草莓，展示每个草莓代表的东西:汗水、污垢、疼痛和痛苦。)”可知，布伦达带草莓来参加毕业典礼是为了更好地说明她演讲的主题。故选C。 22．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Despite the hot sun and body pains, they back me up heart and soul in my education, which weighs more strongly with me than anything else. (尽管烈日和身体的疼痛，他们支持我的心和灵魂在我的教育，这对我来说比什么都重要。)”可知，对布伦达的学业成就影响最大的是她的父母的支持。故选D。 23．细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Her speech has been viewed by thousands online. “Hearing it touched other people’s hearts who said they understood my message, I’m struck the same,” Brenda said later. (她的演讲在网上被观看了数千次。布伦达后来说:“听到这句话，那些说他们理解我的意思的人也被感动了，我也被打动了。”)”可知，布伦达对网上的反应的感觉是感动的。故选D。 24．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“As for her message to young people struggling, Brenda said, ‘Past circumstances aren’t in charge of your future. If you’re from a poor family, use every resource and try to better yourself. You’re the author of your story.’ (至于她对正在挣扎的年轻人的忠告，布伦达说：“过去的情况不能决定你的未来。如果你来自一个贫穷的家庭，利用一切资源，努力让自己变得更好。你是自己故事的作者。”)”可知，作者想要对年轻人传递的是：生活是自己创造的。故选A。 25．A 26．C 27．B 28．D 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了印度玛纳斯国家公园在过去十年成功将20头独角犀牛转移，并实现了种群的繁殖增长。该成就得益于与当地社区的合作，提高保护意识，培训年轻人，并促进了旅游业的发展。这显示了综合性的保护策略对独角犀牛的成功保护起到了关键作用。 25．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The translocated rhinos were radio-collared (佩戴无线电项圈的) to know about their health, movement, and behavior, and collect important data for better management and protection of rhinos in the future.(这些被转移的犀牛被戴上了无线电项圈，以了解它们的健康、运动和行为，并为未来更好地管理和保护犀牛收集重要数据。)”可知，被转移的犀牛佩戴了无线电项圈以追踪它们的状况，所以它们受到严密的监测。故选A项。 26．细节理解题。根据第三段“Since 2008, 20 rhinos have been translocated and all translocated females have given birth at least once since they were moved to their new homes, with 26 babies born by April 2020. This growing population is evidence (证据) that these tireless efforts are paying off for rhino protection.(自2008年以来，已有20头犀牛被转移，所有被转移的雌性犀牛在被转移到新家后至少生过一次孩子，到2020年4月，已有26头犀牛出生。不断增长的犀牛数量证明，这些不懈的努力正在为犀牛保护带来回报。)”可知，转移犀牛的计划卓有成效。故选C项。 27．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Local communities that live near or share rhino habitats play an important role in helping to keep their populations safe. The local government and the Bodoland Territorial Council have led efforts to involve local communities in protection.(居住在犀牛栖息地附近或共享犀牛栖息地的当地社区在帮助保护犀牛种群安全方面发挥着重要作用。当地政府和博德兰领土委员会领导了让当地社区参与保护工作的努力。)”可推知，当地社区非常支持该计划。故选B项。 28．主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段“In a little over a decade, Manas National Park, located in the northeastern Indian state of Assam, has seen great growth in its greater one-horned rhino (独角犀牛) population. Plans for bringing rhinos back to Manas NP were developed in 2005, and translocations (转移) began in 2008 with individuals moved to Manas from other protected areas in Assam.(在十多年的时间里，位于印度东北部阿萨姆邦的玛纳斯国家公园的单角犀牛数量大幅增长。2005年制定了将犀牛带回马纳斯NP的计划，并于2008年开始将个体从阿萨姆邦的其他保护区转移到马纳斯。)”和段中“Since 2008, 20 rhinos have been translocated and all translocated females have given birth at least once since they were moved to their new homes, with 26 babies born by April 2020. This growing population is evidence (证据) that these tireless efforts are paying off for rhino protection.(自2008年以来，已有20头犀牛被转移，所有被转移的雌性犀牛在被转移到新家后至少生过一次孩子，到2020年4月，已有26头犀牛出生。不断增长的犀牛数量证明，这些不懈的努力正在为犀牛保护带来回报。)”可知，文章报道了印度玛纳斯国家公园在过去十年成功将20头独角犀牛转移，并实现了种群的繁殖增长。所以“Rhinos make a comeback in India’s Manas National Park(犀牛在印度的玛纳斯国家公园卷土重来)”是文章最佳标题。故选D项。 29．B 30．A 31．D 32．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者使用YouTube的经历，一开始她觉得上面的视频信息丰富，让人放松，逐渐沉迷于其中，后来她逐渐变得焦虑，不断地和视频中的人作比较，现在她意识到自己也有充实而幸福的生活，转而更多专注自己的现实生活。 29．细节理解题。根据第二段中“My first experience was on the recommendation of a friend to check out Susan Boyle’s amazing singing on Britain’s Got Talent. (我的第一次经历是在一个朋友的推荐下，去看苏珊·波伊尔在《英国达人秀》上的精彩演唱)”可知，在朋友的推荐下，作者第一次使用了YouTube。故选B项。 30．推理判断题。根据第三段中“From one YouTuber I learned how to plant my own vegetable garden. Someone else gave wise sayings from philosophers. Down the rabbit hole I went, for hours and hours, watching other people living their lives and giving me advice on how to live mine. (从一位YouTube用户那里，我学会了如何种植自己的菜园。还有人引用了哲学家的名言)”和第四段中“I subscribed to (订阅) many channels and waited anxiously for new weekly offerings. I found all this calming and therapeutic. (我订阅了很多频道，焦急地等待着每周的新推送。我发现这一切有镇静和治疗作用)”可知，在开始的时候，作者一方面跟着YouTube上的视频学习一些知识和技能，另一方面觉得这些视频可以起到镇静和治疗的作用。由此可知，作者当时认为这些视频信息丰富且可以让人放松。故选A项。 31．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“I compared my life constantly with the images onscreen. (我不断地将我的生活与屏幕上的形象进行比较)”可知，在作者迷上YouTube后，她总是和别人比较。故选D项。 32．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“I put my phone away and started paying attention to my own life, instead of watching other people live theirs. (我把手机收起来，开始关注自己的生活，而不是看着别人过他们的生活)”和“I am content in the knowledge that my addiction to life onscreen has been replaced by life itself. (我很满意，因为我对屏幕上生活的沉迷已经被生活本身所取代)”可知，现在作者关注的是自己的生活，更多地欣赏现实生活中的体验。故选C项。 答案第1页，共2页 答案第1页，共2页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$