专题07 阅读理解之说明文-【好题汇编】5年（2020-2024）中考1年模拟英语分类汇编（云南专用）

专题07 阅读理解之说明文 【五年考情回顾】 年份 体裁 主题内容 2024年 说明文 本文主要介绍绿色建筑的相关内容。 2023年 说明文 本文主要讲了蝴蝶生命中的四个阶段。 2022年 说明文 本文主要介绍了太空项目命名的由来。 2021年 说明文 本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍禁止食物浪费的法律。 2020年 说明文 文章主要讲述的是屏幕使用过多对人的三点危害。 （2024·云南·中考真题）All around the world, buildings are going green! People are making green buildings. What does it mean to go green or to make a green building? A green building is designed (设计) in a way that is not harmful to the environment. The building uses energy, water, and other materials in ways that are good for the environment. When planning green buildings, architects (建筑师) must think about how to use energy, water, and materials in an environment-friendly way. There are many ways to save energy. Architects can design buildings to use natural light. Buildings can also be made with solar or wind power to get energy from the sun or the wind. To save water, green buildings can have areas on the roofs to collect rainwater. Kitchens and bathrooms can have sinks (洗池) and toilets (马桶) that conserve water. As for the materials used to build the building, it is important to use materials that do not have chemicals that are harmful to the air or water. Recycled materials can also be used for buildings. Buildings around the world use all three of these ways to go green. An office building called CH2 in Melbourne, Australia, uses wind and solar power. A cultural center in London, England, is made from recycled train cars and is powered by solar and wind power. The Academy of Sciences building in California in the U.S. has recycled materials, solar energy, and a huge “living roof” of plants. A temple in Thailand is made out of one million recycled glass bottles! This is a good use of recycled material, and it also lets natural light into the temple. More and more green buildings are being built and they are making the world a better place! 1．What do we know about a green building? A．It is usually painted green outside. B．It uses more materials than other buildings. C．It is designed by famous architects. D．It is built in an environment-friendly way. 2．Why do architects design buildings to use natural light? A．To save energy. B．To save materials. C．To protect the plants. D．To protect the buildings. 3．What does the underlined word “conserve” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Save. B．Boil. C．Clean. D．Produce. 4．How does the writer support the main idea of paragraph 3? A．By asking questions. B．By giving examples. C．By listing numbers. D．By explaining reasons. 5．What can be the best title for the text? A．Designing Buildings B．Going Green C．Recycling Materials D．Using Energy 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．A 4．B 5．B 【导语】本文主要介绍绿色建筑的相关内容。 1．细节理解题。根据“A green building is designed (设计) in a way that is not harmful to the environment.”可知，绿色建筑是以对环境无害的方式设计的。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“There are many ways to save energy. Architects can design buildings to use natural light.”可知，建筑师利用自然光来设计建筑物是为了节约能源，故选A。 3．词句猜测题。根据“To save water, green buildings can have areas on the roofs to collect rainwater. Kitchens and bathrooms can have sinks (洗池) and toilets (马桶) that conserve water. ”可知，为了节约用水，绿色建筑的屋顶上可以有收集雨水的区域，厨房和浴室可以有洗池和马桶，所以是可以用洗池和马桶来节约水，划线单词表示“节约”。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据第三段内容“An office building called CH2 in Melbourne, Australia, uses wind and solar power. A cultural center in London, England, is made from recycled train cars and is powered by solar and wind power. The Academy of Sciences building in California in the U.S. has recycled materials, solar energy, and a huge ‘living roof’ of plants. A temple in Thailand is made out of one million recycled glass bottles! ”可知，作者通过举例支持第三段的主旨，故选B。 5．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍绿色建筑的相关内容，强调环保，所以B项最适合做标题。故选B。 （2023·云南·中考真题）Nature is amazing! Take a close look at the world of insects (昆虫), you’ll discover many unbelievable things. Consider butterflies, for example. They have beautiful, colorful wings, and strong, fantastic flying skills. On summer days, you always see them flying freely over flower gardens and wild fields. But, did you know how butterflies become the flying insects? It’s one of the amazing wonders of nature. In the beginning, female butterflies lay a small and colorful egg on a leaf or stem (茎) of a plant. It’s hard to believe that the egg will become something completely different in a few days. It becomes a walking insect. This insect is called caterpillar. It now has legs, eyes and a large body. A new life has begun. The caterpillar can eat, walk and see. But it is still not a butterfly. Soon, after growing big, the caterpillar makes a cover for itself. It covers itself in the nice protective blanket (保护层) and goes to sleep. This stage is known as the “pupa (蛹)” stage. After a period of time, the blanket breaks and a wet, weak butterfly appears. It now has six legs, a mouth, eyes and wings. Shortly, the wings fill with blood, and the beautiful, colorful butterfly spreads its wings and flies away. After a few weeks, this adult butterfly lays her eggs, and the cycle begins all over again. This is just one example of the wonders of nature. Look around the natural world, and you will learn many truly amazing things. 6．What is NOT mentioned in Paragraph 1? A．Butterflies are a kind of insect. B．Butterflies are good at flying. C．Butterflies have colorful wings. D．Butterflies have a good sense of smell. 7．What does the underlined word “caterpillar” in Paragraph 3 mean in Chinese? A．幼虫 B．雏鸟 C．飞蛾 D．蝴蝶 8．What is the right order of the development process (发育过程) of a butterfly? ① It becomes a pupa.         ② It becomes a walking insect. ③ Female butterflies lay an egg.     ④ It spreads wings and flies away. A．①→②→③→④ B．①→②→④→③ C．③→②→①→④ D．③→②→④→① 9．Which of the following best describes a butterfly after the blanket breaks? A．It has legs, eyes and a large body. B．It has legs, eyes and a mouth. C．It has six legs, a mouth, eyes and wings D．It has legs, eyes, a mouth and a large body. 10．What can be the best title for the text? A．One Insect, Different Colors B．One Insect, Four Lives C．The Kinds of Butterflies D．The Habits of Butterflies 【答案】6．D 7．A 8．C 9．C 10．B 【导语】本文主要讲了蝴蝶生命中的四个阶段。 6．细节理解题。根据“Consider butterflies, for example. They have beautiful, colorful wings, and strong, fantastic flying skills. On summer days, you always see them flying freely over flower gardens and wild fields.(以蝴蝶为例。它们有美丽多彩的翅膀，以及强大而神奇的飞行技能。在夏天的日子里，你总能看到它们在花园和田野上自由地飞翔。)”可知第一段提到蝴蝶是一种昆虫，擅长飞行，有彩色的翅膀。并未提及蝴蝶的嗅觉很灵敏。故选D。 7．词句猜测题。根据“It’s hard to believe that the egg will become something completely different in a few days. It becomes a walking insect. This insect is called caterpillar.”可知蛋变成了一只会走路的昆虫，叫作“caterpillar”，划线单词的含义为“毛毛虫”。故选A。 8．细节理解题。根据“In the beginning, female butterflies lay a small and colorful egg”；“It becomes a walking insect. This insect is called caterpillar.”；“This stage is known as the “pupa (蛹)” stage.”；“After a period of time, the blanket breaks and a wet, weak butterfly appears.”可知蝴蝶经历的四个阶段是：蛋、毛毛虫、蛹、蝴蝶。故选C。 9．细节理解题。根据“After a period of time, the blanket breaks and a wet, weak butterfly appears. It now has six legs, a mouth, eyes and wings.”可知有六条腿，一张嘴，眼睛和翅膀。故选C。 10．最佳标题题。本文主要讲了蝴蝶生命中的四个阶段。B选项“一个昆虫，四个生命”为最佳标题。故选B。 （2022·云南·中考真题）Wukong, Tiangong, Tianwen… Do you know where the names of Chinese space programs come from? Wukong, the Dark Matter Particle Explorer satellite (暗物质粒子探测卫星), is named after Chinese superhero Monkey King. According to Journey to the West, Monkey King has a pair of sharp eyes which can tell the difference between good and evil. The Wukong satellite is just as sharp-eyed as Monkey King to help scientists search for dark matter in space. The name of the space station, Tiangong, means “Heavenly Palace”. In Chinese myths, this is the home of Tian Di. Now Tiangong Space Station is a home for Chinese astronauts in space. And China welcomes foreign astronauts to Tiangong so that they can work together. Tianwen, China’s Mars missions (任务), gets its name from the poem Tianwen by Qu Yuan. Qu Yuan is a well-known poet from ancient China. In Tianwen, he had the questions about the sky, stars, nature, myths and the real world, showing his hunger for truth. Perhaps the Tianwen missions will end up answering some of Qu Yuan’s questions. If you look into more names of Chinese space programs, you will find that they all have beautiful meanings. We, the Chinese people, have a long-cherished (珍藏已久的) space dream. So the naming of Chinese space programs is taken very seriously. 11．What is the Wukong satellite used for? A．Answering some of Qu Yuan’s questions. B．Finding the difference between good and evil. C．Helping scientists search for dark matter in space. D．Welcoming foreign astronauts to the space station. 12．The underlined word “myths” in Paragraph 3 means “________” in Chinese. A．诗歌 B．神话 C．谚语 D．传记 13．The name of China’s Mars missions is from ________. A．Qu Yuan’s poem Tianwen B．an ancient novel C．ancient Chinese myths D．Journey to the West 14．Why do we take the naming of Chinese space programs seriously? A．We want to land on Mars. B．We want to protect the Earth. C．We have the hunger for truth. D．We have a dream for space. 15．Which can be the best title for the passage? A．What Beautiful Names B．What a Cherished Star C．What Excellent Poems D．What a Long Journey 【答案】11．C 12．B 13．A 14．D 15．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了太空项目命名的由来。 11．细节理解题。根据“The Wukong satellite is just as sharp-eyed as Monkey King to help scientists search for dark matter in space”可知，它用来帮助科学家寻找太空中的暗物质，故选C。 12．词义猜测题。根据“In Chinese myths, this is the home of Tian Di”可知，天帝是中国的神话传说，所以myths表示“神话”，故选B。 13．细节理解题。根据“Tianwen, China’s Mars missions (任务), gets its name from the poem Tianwen by Qu Yuan”可知，得名于屈原的《天问》，故选A。 14．细节理解题。根据“We, the Chinese people, have a long-cherished (珍藏已久的) space dream. So the naming of Chinese space programs is taken very seriously”可知，中国人民有着长久以来的太空梦。 因此，中国太空计划的命名受到了非常认真的对待，故选D。 15．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了太空项目命名的由来，A选项“多么优美的名字”符合本文标题，故选A。 （2021·云南·中考真题）When you and your family go out for dinner, do you notice how many dishes you usually order? It’s OK if you finish all of them. But if you waste too much food, you need to pay for it. Last year, China’s top legislature (立法机关) reviewed (审议) a draft law (法律草案) for stopping food waste for the first time. In general, a draft will become law after the top legislature reviews it three times. According to the draft law, restaurants should tell customers not to order too much. If customers leave too much food uneaten, restaurants can charge (收费) them for food waste. The law also bans (禁止) waiters from encouraging people to order too much food. Some restaurants may use the “N-1” mode for people to order dishes. “N” stands for the number of persons at a table. So if there are six people at your table, you should order just five dishes, which can help people control the amount of dishes in a proper way. The draft law also asks schools to teach their students to avoid food waste. It also bans TV programs about overeating and overdrinking. Producers of such programs will face a fine of up to 100,000 yuan. Food waste happens in many places and has long been a big problem around the world. We need to obey the law and refuse to waste food. 16．If customers waste too much food, they ________ . A．need to pay some money for it B．need to say sorry about it C．can’t enter the restaurant again D．can leave the restaurant for free 17．According to the “N-1” mode, if 9 persons plan to eat in the restaurant, they need to order ________ dishes. A．7 B．8 C．9. D．10 18．Which is NOT true according to the passage? A．Students should avoid food waste at school. B．Programs about overeating will be allowed on TV. C．Food waste has been a big problem all over the world. D．Waiters can’t encourage people to order too much food. 19．You may read the passage in ________ . A．a storybook B．a guidebook C．an advertisement D．a newspaper 20．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．Harm of food waste. B．Importance of healthy food. C．Law to stop food waste. D．Advantages of stopping food waste. 【答案】16．A 17．B 18．B 19．D 20．C 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍禁止食物浪费的法律。 16．细节理解题。根据“But if you waste too much food, you need to pay for it.”可知，但是如果你浪费了太多的食物，你需要为它买单。故选A。 17．推理判断题。根据“Some restaurants may use the “N-1” mode for people to order dishes. “N” stands for the number of persons at a table. So if there are six people at your table, you should order just five dishes”可知，一些餐厅可能会使用“N-1”模式让人们点餐，“N”代表一桌的人数，所以如果你的桌子上有6个人，你应该只点5道菜。所以9个人吃饭点8道菜，故选B。 18．推理判断题。根据“It also bans TV programs about overeating and overdrinking.”可知，禁止播放有关暴饮暴食的电视节目。故选B。 19．推理判断题。本文主要向我们介绍禁止食物浪费的法律，所以最有可能在报纸上看到。故选D。 20．主旨大意题。本文向我们介绍禁止食物浪费的法律，故选C。 （2020·云南·中考真题）It might be fun to use your smartphone, but be careful. Too much screen time may be harmful to your health. First, it is bad for your eyes. A researcher called Sarah Hinkley says the problem comes from the blue light that the screen gives out. Looking at a smartphone for a long time can cause eye strain（劳损）, headaches and dry eyes. So it is a good idea to take a break every 15 minutes when you are working at a computer or using a smartphone. Second, screen use can do harm to children’s brains. A new study shows that using screens too much can affect（影响） how children’s brains grow. If children use screens for more than one hour a day, they might have lower levels of white matter in their brains. White matter is a key to the development of language and reading skills. So it is wise to cut down the time of children using all kinds of screens. Third, using screens too much will affect your sleep. According to a study, about 95% of the people between the ages of 13 and 64 use electronics before bed, especially the young people under 20. Doctors say that the light from those electronics at night may make you excited before you go to bed. Then it’s hard for you to get enough sleep. So you’d better turn off smartphones, TVs, and all other screens an hour before your bedtime. To keep healthy, doctors and researchers strongly advise that you shouldn’t use screens for long hours. 21．The blue light from your screens can cause ________. A．eyestrain B．headaches C．dry eyes D．all of the above 22．According to the passage, you can’t sleep well because you ________. A．take a break every 15 minutes B．have lower levels of white matter C．use screens too much before bed D．are the people from 13 to 64 23．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A．Using smartphones for long hours does harm to your eyes. B．A lot of screen time affects children’s brain growth. C．The light from electronics at night may make you excited. D．People of all ages mustn’t use electronics. 24．You may read the passage in ________. A．a science magazine B．a travel diary C．a guide book D．a novel 25．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The ways to keep healthy. B．The harm of using screens too much. C．The ways to use screens. D．The advantages of using screens. 【答案】21．D 22．C 23．D 24．A 25．B 【分析】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述的是屏幕使用过多对人的三点危害。 21．细节理解题。根据第二段“Looking at a smartphone for a long time can cause eye strain, headaches and dry eyes”可知长时间看手机会引起眼劳损、头痛和干眼症。故选D。 22．细节理解题。根据第四段“using screens too much will affect your sleep”可知睡觉之前看屏幕太多会影响睡眠。故选C。 23．推理判断题。根据“it is bad for your eyes”可知A选项表述正确；根据“screen use can do harm to children’s brains”可知B选项表述正确；根据“the light from those electronics at night may make you excited before you go to bed”可知C选项表述正确。根据“it is wise to cut down the time of children using all kinds of screens”可知D选项“People of all ages”表述错误。故选D。 24．推理判断题。a science magazine一本科学杂志；a travel diary一个旅行日记；a guide book一本指南；a novel一本小说。文章主要讲述使用手机时间过长对人的危害，可知文章来自科学杂志。故选A。 25．主旨大意题。文章主要讲述的是屏幕使用过多对人的危害，可概括为The harm of using screens too much。故选B。 （2024·云南昭通·三模）There are lots of fun-filled ethnic (少数民族的) festivals in our country. Let’s take a look at some of them. March Fair of Bai People The March Fair is the most important festival for the Bai people living in Dali, Yunnan. It starts from the 15th day of the 3rd lunar month and lasts about 7 days. During the festival, people in and around Dali come together for trade. What’s more, they race horses, dance to and sing traditional songs. Torch Festival of Yi People In Yunnan, Guizhou and Sichuan, Yi people celebrate the Torch (火把) Festival. It usually takes place from the 24th to the 26th day of the 6th lunar month every year. As part of the festival, every family needs to light a torch. The idea is that these torches will drive away bad luck. In the center of town, there is always a bonfire (篝火). People of all ages sing and dance around it. Water Festival of Dai People The Water Festival is the New Year for the Dai people living in Xishuangbanna, Yunnan. It lasts 3 days in April. During the festival, Dai people wear their festival suits to dance and throw water at each other (they believe it could bring happiness and good luck). The wetter you get, the luckier you will be. Interested in these Chinese festivals? Go and experience them yourself. 26．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．The Bai People. B．The Torch Festival. C．The bonfire. D．The Water Festival. 27．How long does Torch Festival of Yi People last? A．Three days. B．Four days C．About 7 days D．About two weeks. 28．Where can you experience all the three ethnic festivals above? A．In Sichuan. B．In Yunnan. C．In Guizhou. D．In Guangdong 29．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text? A．The Torch Festival lasts the shortest time. B．Bai People often trade and draw in March Fair. C．The Water Festival is the New Year for Dai people. D．Yi People need to light a torch to see the road clearly. 30．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．Some ethnic clothes in our country. B．Some ethnic food in our country. C．Some ethnic movies in our country. D．Some ethnic festivals in our country. 【答案】26．C 27．A 28．B 29．C 30．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了几个少数民族的节日，包括白族的三月节、彝族的火把节和傣族的泼水节。 26．细节理解题。根据“In the center of town, there is always a bonfire, People of all ages sing and dance around it.”可知在市中心，总是有一堆篝火，各个年龄段的人都围着篝火载歌载舞。it指代上文提到的篝火。故选C。 27． 细节理解题。根据“ It usually takes place from the 24th to the 26th day of the 6th lunar month every year. ”可知，火把节持续三天。故选C。 28．细节理解题。根据“The March Fair is the most important festival for the Bai people living in Dali, Yunnan.”，“In Yunnan, Guizhou and Sichuan, Yi people celebrate the Torch (火把) Festival.”和“The Water Festival is the New Year for the Dai people living in Xishuangbanna, Yunnan.”可知，在云南可以体验到这三个节日。故选B。 29．推理判断题。根据“The Water Festival is the New Year for the Dai people living in Xishuangbanna, Yunnan.”可知，泼水节是傣族的新年。故选C。 30．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了几个少数民族的节日，包括白族的三月节、彝族的火把节和傣族的泼水节。可知选项D“我们国家的一些民族节日。”正确。故选D。 （2024·云南德宏·一模）By the end of 2022, the number of miles of China railways had reached 155, 000 km. Of this 42, 000 km is high-speed railway. In 2022, China railways carried 1, 610 million passengers and 3,900 million tons of goods, which was the first in the world. We have seen a lot of achievements of China railways so far. The first high-speed railway, Beijing-Tianjin railway, can run at 350 km/h, crossing soft soil areas safely. The Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway set a speed record of 486 km/h. The 2, 298 km Beijing-Guangzhou high-speed railway is the longest railway in the world, crossing many rivers. The 1,777 km Lanzhou-Urumqi high-speed railway crosses desert and strong wind areas in China. On December 31st , 2021, the China-Laos Railway (中老铁路) opened to traffic. From January to February 2023, the railway carried 417,000 passengers and 647,700 tons of goods. The research of technology and the practice of engineering support the successes above. Learning from foreign experience, China railways had built a complete high-speed railway system and surmount different geological (地质的) problems. Besides, risk protection and control system are built to make sure the safety of trains. The comfortable, safe and fast railways are changing the travel and living habits of people. Passengers can easily book tickets online by phones, which allows them to save time and cost. Next time when you travel, try them! 31．Which high-speed railway is the longest railway in the world? A．Beijing-Tianjin high-speed railway. B．Beijing-Guangzhou high-speed railway. C．Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway. D．Lanzhou-Urumqi high-speed railway. 32．How does the writer describe the success of China’s high-speed railways? A．By giving examples. B．By comparing facts. C．By using a saying. D．By giving opinions. 33．In which part of a magazine can you read the text? A．Science. B．Nature. C．Culture. D．Business. 34．What does the underlined word “surmount” in Paragraph 4 mean in Chinese? A．发现 B．带来 C．缓解 D．克服 35．What is the best title for the passage? A．Advice on Taking High-speed Railway B．The Longest High-speed Railway C．Success of China’s High-speed Railway D．Difficulties in Building High-speed Railway 【答案】31．B 32．A 33．A 34．D 35．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国高铁的发展历程和取得的成就，以及高铁对人们生活的影响。 31．细节理解题。根据“2, 298 km Beijing-Guangzhou high-speed railway is the longest railway in the world”可知，世界上最长的高铁是北京—广州高铁。故选B。 32．细节理解题。根据“first high-speed railway, Beijing-Tianjin railway, can run at 350 km/h, crossing soft soil areas safely. The Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway set a speed record of 486 km/h. The 2, 298 km Beijing-Guangzhou high-speed railway is the longest railway in the world, crossing many rivers. The 1,777 km Lanzhou-Urumqi high-speed railway crosses desert and strong wind areas in China.”可知，作者通过举中国高铁的一些具体例子来描述其成功。故选A。 33．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了中国高铁的发展和成就，所以这篇文章可能出现在科学类的杂志中。故选A。 34．词句猜测题。根据“Learning from foreign experience, China railways had built a complete high-speed railway system and surmount different geological (地质的) problems.”可知，中国高铁在学习外国经验的基础上，建立了完整的高铁系统，并克服了各种地质问题。所以，划线词“surmount”在中文中的意思是“克服”。故选D。 35．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了中国高铁的发展历程和取得的成就，所以最佳标题应该是“中国高铁的成功”。故选C。 （2024·云南昆明·二模）The first “Luoyang Virtual Reality (虚拟现实) Project” has ever become a hit since it opened to public, attracting many drama fans and digital technology lovers. The project makes it possible to bring us back to the ancient Luoyang by using VR technology. The project was set in a theater which covers about 300 square meters in Shanghai. It created a highly realistic environment using VR technology, Inside-out Tracking technology and other technologies to set up different props, such as horses, ships, and tools. Users can have a “time travel” experience with an exciting 60-minute VR-powered journey, traveling back to 1,300 years ago to “visit” the ancient city of Luoyang. Inside the theater, they can not only play roles in the drama, but also choose costumes and take photos according to their interests. The application (应用) of VR technology allows tourists to walk in the theater and experience the ancient life of Luoyang, and feel the charm (魅力) of traditional Chinese culture. This project successfully creates a new way to spread Chinese culture through using VR technology. What’s more, it brings modern technology into our daily lives and creates an all-immersive (拟真的) experience. 36．Where was the project set in? A．A theater of Luoyang. B．A 3000 square-meter theater. C．A thearter of Shanghai. D．A traditional theater. 37．What does the underlined word “props” most probably mean in Paragraph 2? A．道具 B．空间 C．剧情 D．成就 38．What can people do in the theater according to the text? ①They can take photos. ②They can play roles in the drama. ③They can choose costumes that they like. ④They can make films about the ancient life of Luoyang. A．①③④ B．①②③ C．②③④ D．①②④ 39．What is the correct structure of the text? (①=Paragraph 1) A． B． C． D． 40．What could be the best title for the text? A．Traveling Changes the World B．Tourists Experience the Real-world Travel C．VR Brings Ancient Luoyang Back to Us D．Modern Technology Makes A New City 【答案】36．C 37．A 38．B 39．A 40．C 【导语】本文介绍了VR技术的应用让游客走进剧场，体验古老洛阳的生活，感受中国传统文化的魅力。 36．细节理解题。根据“The project was set in a theater which covers about 300 square meters in Shanghai.”可知，该项目设置在上海一个占地约300平方米的剧院内。故选C。 37．词义猜测题。根据空后“such as horses, ships, and tools.”可知，马、船和工具都属于道具类。故选A。 38．细节理解题。根据“Inside the theater, they can not only play roles in the drama, but also choose costumes and take photos according to their interests.”可知，在剧院里，游客不仅可以在剧中扮演角色，还可以根据自己的兴趣选择服装和拍照。故选B。 39．篇章结构题。第一段引出文章话题——“洛阳虚拟现实项目”；第二、三、四段分别介绍了“洛阳虚拟现实项目”的地点，游客在剧院里可以做的事情，以及该项目的意义；最后一段总结全文。故选A。 40．最佳标题题。本文介绍了VR技术的应用让游客走进剧场，体验古老洛阳的生活，感受中国传统文化的魅力。C项“VR让古老的洛阳重现人间”为最佳标题。故选C。 （2024·云南昆明·二模）Ghaffar Pourazar, a British man, has learned the necessary skills to perform Beijing Opera and he has become popular with his lively performance of the Monkey King, a traditional character from the Chinese classic story Journey to the West. In 1993, he happened to watch Beijing Opera performed in London by professionals from Jingju Theatre Company of Beijing. Ghaffar fell in love with the beautiful voices, colorful costumes, excellent shows and so on. So after a year, he arrived in China alone and became a student of Beijing Opera. At the age of 32, he had to learn with teenage students every day, starting from the most basic training of the legs and waist (腰). At that time, he was mostly troubled by the dialogue in Beijing Opera. To him, it was the biggest problem. But he tried his best to practice it. 4 years later, he began to learn to perform the Monkey King. He usually arrived at the workroom on hour earlier than the other performers and he also bought books and CDs to understand the character better. Finally, He once won a top international prize for performing the Monkey King. To help more people enjoy Beijing Opera, Ghaffar often teaches the traditional art form in schools in the United States, Britain and other countries. Ghaffar led a group of actors to perform 66 times in a month and a half in the United States. He also led a 48-member team to perform in Malaysia. In the past 10 years, he has performed in more than 400 shows. 41．Why did Ghaffar start learning Beijing Opera? A．Because he thought it was a necessary skill. B．Because Journey to the West is his favorite. C．Because he loved Beijing Opera after watching one. D．Because he wanted to be an actor and made lots of money. 42．How old was Ghaffar when he started to learn to perform the Monkey King? A．30. B．32. C．34. D．36. 43．Which of the following word can best describe Ghaffar according to Paragraph 3? A．Careless. B．Creative. C．Hard-working. D．Warm-hearted. 44．What is the correct order of the following events according to the text? a. He got basic training with teenage students. b. He watched a Beijing Opera performance in London. c. He bought books and CDs about the Monkey King. d. He won an international prize for performing the Monkey King. A．b-c-a-d B．b-d-a-c C．b-a-c-d D．b-a-d-c 45．What can we know about Ghaffar according to the last paragraph? A．He performed Beijing Opera by himself. B．He likes to teach his children to speak Chinese. C．He led a 66-member team to perform in Malaysia. D．He did a lot to spread Beijing Opera to other countries. 【答案】41．C 42．D 43．C 44．C 45．D 【导语】本文讲述的是英国人Ghaffar偶然看到了北京京剧团的演出，从而爱上了京剧。后来他来到中国学习京剧，因为表演美猴王还获得了一个国际奖项。为了帮助更多的人欣赏京剧，Ghaffar经常去其他国家的学校教授这一传统艺术形式。 41． 细节理解题。根据“Ghaffar fell in love with the beautiful voices, colorful costumes, excellent shows and so on. So after a year, he arrived in China alone and became a student of Beijing Opera.”可知，因为Ghaffar看了一场京剧之后就爱上了京剧。故选C。 42．细节理解题。根据“At the age of 32, he had to learn with teenage students every day,...4 years later, he began to learn to perform the Monkey King.”可知，在他36岁时候开始学习表演孙悟空。故选D。 43．推理判断题。根据“He usually arrived at the workroom on hour earlier than the other performers and he also bought books and CDs to understand the character better.”可知，他通常比其他演员早一个小时到达工作室，他还买了书和CD来更好地理解这个角色，可以看出他是一个很勤奋的人。故选C。 44． 细节理解题。根据“Ghaffar fell in love with the beautiful voices,...”；“At the age of 32, he had to learn with teenage students every day, starting from the most basic training of the legs and waist (腰).”；“He usually arrived at the workroom on hour earlier than the other performers and he also bought books and CDs to understand the character better. Finally, He once won a top international prize for performing the Monkey King.”可知，正确的顺序是：他在伦敦看了一场京剧演出→他和十几岁的学生一起接受基本训练→他买了关于孙悟空的书和CD→他因表演孙悟空而获得国际大奖。故选C。 45． 细节理解题。根据“To help more people enjoy Beijing Opera, Ghaffar often teaches the traditional art form in schools in the United States, Britain and other countries. Ghaffar led a group of actors to perform 66 times in a month and a half in the United States.”可知，Ghaffar经常在很多国家的学校教授中国传统艺术形式，为将京剧传播到其他国家做了很多工作。故选D。 （2024·云南·一模）In China, the year 2024 is known as long nian in the traditional Chinese lunar calendar. Over a long period of time, it has been called the Year of the Dragon in English. But actually, there are a lot of differences between the Chinese long and the Western dragon. The Chinese long is made up of parts of some gentle animals, such as a rabbit’s eyes and an ox’s ears. In Chinese mythology, long is able to fly. In addition, it can also spray (喷洒) water from its mouth to create rain. However, in Western culture, a dragon breathes fire and has the body of a snake and big wings of a bat. What’s more, you will find most of the Western dragons in dark colors because they usually stand for evil (邪恶). As a result, normally at the end of the stories, the evil dragon will be beaten by the superheroes. What makes such differences? In fact, they have something to do with the cultural differences. In Chinese Confucian (儒家的) ideas, kindness and harmony (和谐) are very important. It is our duty to help each other and live a peaceful life. Western culture, on the other hand, prefers individual heroism (个人英雄主义). Whenever something terrible happens, there will be a superhero who is brave enough to stand out, fight against the enemy on his own, and, of course, save the whole world. In recent years, Chinese have tried to translate long in another way. For example, Zhejiang’s Loong Air has already written long as Loong. One of the reasons is that Loong sounds the same as the Chinese character long. Besides, the letters “oo” in the word Loong look like the two big eyes of the animal, which makes it easier to memorize this word. Anyway, no matter how long is translated, there is one thing for sure: the Chinese long is different from the Western dragon, and it is a symbol of good luck. Wish you and your family the best in the Year of Loong! 46．Which of the following is the picture of a Western dragon? A． B． C． D． 47．According to the Chinese Confucian ideas, what might be the reason for long to spray water? A．To fight against the evil dragon. B．To help the farmers in the dry weather. C．To show its power and ability. D．To make itself the superhero in this world. 48．Which of the following is True according to the passage? A．A dragon breathes fire and has the body of a bat. B．2024 is the year of Loong in the traditional Chinese lunar calendar. C．The Western dragon is a symbol of good luck. D．Long can’t fly because it has no wings. 49．________ make Loong the new translation of the Chinese character long according to the passage. A．The historical background and cultural meaning B．The historical background and spelling C．The pronunciation and spelling D．The cultural meaning and pronunciation 50．In which part of a magazine may we find this passage? A．Healthy Life. B．Creative Art. C．Amazing Animals. D．Colorful Culture. 【答案】46．A 47．B 48．B 49．C 50．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了中西方文化中“龙”的不同形象和象征意义。 46．细节理解题。根据“However, in Western culture, a dragon breathes fire and has the body of a snake and big wings of a bat.”可知，西方龙喷火，有蛇的身体和蝙蝠的大翅膀。A选项图片符合，故选A。 47．推理判断题。根据“In addition, it can also spray (喷洒) water from its mouth to create rain.”结合“In Chinese Confucian (儒家的) ideas, kindness and harmony (和谐) are very important. It is our duty to help each other and live a peaceful life.”可知，中国龙从嘴里喷出水来制造雨水，雨水可以在干旱的天气里帮助农民。故选B。 48．细节理解题。根据“In China, the year 2024 is known as long nian in the traditional Chinese lunar calendar.”可知，2024年是中国传统农历的龙年。故选B。 49．细节理解题。根据“One of the reasons is that Loong sounds the same as the Chinese character long. Besides, the letters ‘oo’ in the word Loong look like the two big eyes of the animal, which makes it easier to memorize this word.”可知，Loong的发音和中文“龙”相同，Loong中的字母“oo”看起来像动物的两只大眼睛。故选C。 50．推理判断题。根据“Anyway, no matter how long is translated, there is one thing for sure: the Chinese long is different from the Western dragon, and it is a symbol of good luck.”可知，本文主要介绍了中西方文化中“龙”的不同形象和象征意义，因此会在“丰富多彩的文化”部分看到，故选D。 （2024·云南昆明·一模）You may have ever heard someone say that dogs are color-blind. But is this true? A dog’s eyes have many similarities with human eyes. Just like us, dogs have retinas (视网膜). The retina is an important light-sensing structure. Dogs also have cone cells (视锥细胞) and rod cells (视杆细胞) on their retinas. The cone cells allow dogs to perceive (感知) color and see things in detail, while the rod cells help them see things in the dark and notice movement. Most humans have three kinds of cone cells: blue, red and green. They allow us to tell the difference between all the different colors. Dogs, on the other hand, have only two kinds of cone cells. One kind is blue, and the other lies somewhere between red and green. Therefore, dogs are unable to tell orange, red and green. They can only see things in yellow, blue, grey, brown, white and black. In other words, the vision (视力) of dogs is similar to that of a red-green color-blind human. Although they have fewer kinds of cone cells, dogs have more rod cells than humans. This allows them to see more clearly in the dark and notice movement more exactly than us. For example, in the dark a dog may see a small mouse moving in the distance that we might never be able to spot. While it may be true that our lovely animal friends see fewer colors, they can still see better than us in many other ways! 51．What’s the main idea of the second paragraph?  ________ A．The fact that dogs have more cone cells than humans. B．The reasons why dogs can see clearly in the dark. C．The similarities between dogs’ eyes and human eyes. D．How the rod cells help dogs see the world in the dark. 52．Which color can’t a dog see?  ________ ①black②orange③blue④yellow ⑤green⑥brown⑦white⑧grey⑨red A．①③⑤ B．④⑥⑧ C．②⑤⑨ D．⑤⑦⑨ 53．What does the underlined word “spot” in Paragraph 3 mean in Chinese?  ________ A．表现 B．参加 C．隐藏 D．看见 54．What’s the structure of the passage? P＝ Paragraph  ________ A． B． C． D． 55．What is the text mainly about?  ________ A．Whether dogs are color-blind. B．Whether dogs have retinas. C．Why dogs are people’s friends. D．Why dogs can see better than us. 【答案】51．C 52．C 53．D 54．A 55．A 【导语】本文围绕“狗是色盲吗？”这个话题展开，介绍了狗的视力特点。 51．段落大意题。根据“A dog’s eyes have many similarities with human eyes”可知第二段主要介绍了狗的眼睛与人眼有许多相似之处。故选C。 52．细节理解题。根据“Therefore, dogs are unable to tell orange, red and green.”可知狗不能分别橙色，红色和绿色。故选C。 53．词义猜测题。根据“For example, in the dark a dog may see a small mouse moving in the distance that we might never be able to spot.”可知，在黑暗中，狗可能会看到一只小老鼠在远处移动，而我们可能永远也发现不了。可知划线词在此处表示“看见”。故选D。 54．篇章结构题。第一段提出问题；第二三段分别介绍狗的眼睛与人眼睛的不同和相同之处；第四段总结全文。故选A。 55．主旨大意题。通读全文可知本文围绕“狗是色盲吗？”这个话题展开，介绍了狗的视力特点。故选A。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题07 阅读理解之说明文 【五年考情回顾】 年份 体裁 主题内容 2024年 说明文 本文主要介绍绿色建筑的相关内容。 2023年 说明文 本文主要讲了蝴蝶生命中的四个阶段。 2022年 说明文 本文主要介绍了太空项目命名的由来。 2021年 说明文 本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍禁止食物浪费的法律。 2020年 说明文 文章主要讲述的是屏幕使用过多对人的三点危害。 （2024·云南·中考真题）All around the world, buildings are going green! People are making green buildings. What does it mean to go green or to make a green building? A green building is designed (设计) in a way that is not harmful to the environment. The building uses energy, water, and other materials in ways that are good for the environment. When planning green buildings, architects (建筑师) must think about how to use energy, water, and materials in an environment-friendly way. There are many ways to save energy. Architects can design buildings to use natural light. Buildings can also be made with solar or wind power to get energy from the sun or the wind. To save water, green buildings can have areas on the roofs to collect rainwater. Kitchens and bathrooms can have sinks (洗池) and toilets (马桶) that conserve water. As for the materials used to build the building, it is important to use materials that do not have chemicals that are harmful to the air or water. Recycled materials can also be used for buildings. Buildings around the world use all three of these ways to go green. An office building called CH2 in Melbourne, Australia, uses wind and solar power. A cultural center in London, England, is made from recycled train cars and is powered by solar and wind power. The Academy of Sciences building in California in the U.S. has recycled materials, solar energy, and a huge “living roof” of plants. A temple in Thailand is made out of one million recycled glass bottles! This is a good use of recycled material, and it also lets natural light into the temple. More and more green buildings are being built and they are making the world a better place! 1．What do we know about a green building? A．It is usually painted green outside. B．It uses more materials than other buildings. C．It is designed by famous architects. D．It is built in an environment-friendly way. 2．Why do architects design buildings to use natural light? A．To save energy. B．To save materials. C．To protect the plants. D．To protect the buildings. 3．What does the underlined word “conserve” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Save. B．Boil. C．Clean. D．Produce. 4．How does the writer support the main idea of paragraph 3? A．By asking questions. B．By giving examples. C．By listing numbers. D．By explaining reasons. 5．What can be the best title for the text? A．Designing Buildings B．Going Green C．Recycling Materials D．Using Energy （2023·云南·中考真题）Nature is amazing! Take a close look at the world of insects (昆虫), you’ll discover many unbelievable things. Consider butterflies, for example. They have beautiful, colorful wings, and strong, fantastic flying skills. On summer days, you always see them flying freely over flower gardens and wild fields. But, did you know how butterflies become the flying insects? It’s one of the amazing wonders of nature. In the beginning, female butterflies lay a small and colorful egg on a leaf or stem (茎) of a plant. It’s hard to believe that the egg will become something completely different in a few days. It becomes a walking insect. This insect is called caterpillar. It now has legs, eyes and a large body. A new life has begun. The caterpillar can eat, walk and see. But it is still not a butterfly. Soon, after growing big, the caterpillar makes a cover for itself. It covers itself in the nice protective blanket (保护层) and goes to sleep. This stage is known as the “pupa (蛹)” stage. After a period of time, the blanket breaks and a wet, weak butterfly appears. It now has six legs, a mouth, eyes and wings. Shortly, the wings fill with blood, and the beautiful, colorful butterfly spreads its wings and flies away. After a few weeks, this adult butterfly lays her eggs, and the cycle begins all over again. This is just one example of the wonders of nature. Look around the natural world, and you will learn many truly amazing things. 6．What is NOT mentioned in Paragraph 1? A．Butterflies are a kind of insect. B．Butterflies are good at flying. C．Butterflies have colorful wings. D．Butterflies have a good sense of smell. 7．What does the underlined word “caterpillar” in Paragraph 3 mean in Chinese? A．幼虫 B．雏鸟 C．飞蛾 D．蝴蝶 8．What is the right order of the development process (发育过程) of a butterfly? ① It becomes a pupa.         ② It becomes a walking insect. ③ Female butterflies lay an egg.     ④ It spreads wings and flies away. A．①→②→③→④ B．①→②→④→③ C．③→②→①→④ D．③→②→④→① 9．Which of the following best describes a butterfly after the blanket breaks? A．It has legs, eyes and a large body. B．It has legs, eyes and a mouth. C．It has six legs, a mouth, eyes and wings D．It has legs, eyes, a mouth and a large body. 10．What can be the best title for the text? A．One Insect, Different Colors B．One Insect, Four Lives C．The Kinds of Butterflies D．The Habits of Butterflies （2022·云南·中考真题）Wukong, Tiangong, Tianwen… Do you know where the names of Chinese space programs come from? Wukong, the Dark Matter Particle Explorer satellite (暗物质粒子探测卫星), is named after Chinese superhero Monkey King. According to Journey to the West, Monkey King has a pair of sharp eyes which can tell the difference between good and evil. The Wukong satellite is just as sharp-eyed as Monkey King to help scientists search for dark matter in space. The name of the space station, Tiangong, means “Heavenly Palace”. In Chinese myths, this is the home of Tian Di. Now Tiangong Space Station is a home for Chinese astronauts in space. And China welcomes foreign astronauts to Tiangong so that they can work together. Tianwen, China’s Mars missions (任务), gets its name from the poem Tianwen by Qu Yuan. Qu Yuan is a well-known poet from ancient China. In Tianwen, he had the questions about the sky, stars, nature, myths and the real world, showing his hunger for truth. Perhaps the Tianwen missions will end up answering some of Qu Yuan’s questions. If you look into more names of Chinese space programs, you will find that they all have beautiful meanings. We, the Chinese people, have a long-cherished (珍藏已久的) space dream. So the naming of Chinese space programs is taken very seriously. 11．What is the Wukong satellite used for? A．Answering some of Qu Yuan’s questions. B．Finding the difference between good and evil. C．Helping scientists search for dark matter in space. D．Welcoming foreign astronauts to the space station. 12．The underlined word “myths” in Paragraph 3 means “________” in Chinese. A．诗歌 B．神话 C．谚语 D．传记 13．The name of China’s Mars missions is from ________. A．Qu Yuan’s poem Tianwen B．an ancient novel C．ancient Chinese myths D．Journey to the West 14．Why do we take the naming of Chinese space programs seriously? A．We want to land on Mars. B．We want to protect the Earth. C．We have the hunger for truth. D．We have a dream for space. 15．Which can be the best title for the passage? A．What Beautiful Names B．What a Cherished Star C．What Excellent Poems D．What a Long Journey （2021·云南·中考真题）When you and your family go out for dinner, do you notice how many dishes you usually order? It’s OK if you finish all of them. But if you waste too much food, you need to pay for it. Last year, China’s top legislature (立法机关) reviewed (审议) a draft law (法律草案) for stopping food waste for the first time. In general, a draft will become law after the top legislature reviews it three times. According to the draft law, restaurants should tell customers not to order too much. If customers leave too much food uneaten, restaurants can charge (收费) them for food waste. The law also bans (禁止) waiters from encouraging people to order too much food. Some restaurants may use the “N-1” mode for people to order dishes. “N” stands for the number of persons at a table. So if there are six people at your table, you should order just five dishes, which can help people control the amount of dishes in a proper way. The draft law also asks schools to teach their students to avoid food waste. It also bans TV programs about overeating and overdrinking. Producers of such programs will face a fine of up to 100,000 yuan. Food waste happens in many places and has long been a big problem around the world. We need to obey the law and refuse to waste food. 16．If customers waste too much food, they ________ . A．need to pay some money for it B．need to say sorry about it C．can’t enter the restaurant again D．can leave the restaurant for free 17．According to the “N-1” mode, if 9 persons plan to eat in the restaurant, they need to order ________ dishes. A．7 B．8 C．9. D．10 18．Which is NOT true according to the passage? A．Students should avoid food waste at school. B．Programs about overeating will be allowed on TV. C．Food waste has been a big problem all over the world. D．Waiters can’t encourage people to order too much food. 19．You may read the passage in ________ . A．a storybook B．a guidebook C．an advertisement D．a newspaper 20．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．Harm of food waste. B．Importance of healthy food. C．Law to stop food waste. D．Advantages of stopping food waste. （2020·云南·中考真题）It might be fun to use your smartphone, but be careful. Too much screen time may be harmful to your health. First, it is bad for your eyes. A researcher called Sarah Hinkley says the problem comes from the blue light that the screen gives out. Looking at a smartphone for a long time can cause eye strain（劳损）, headaches and dry eyes. So it is a good idea to take a break every 15 minutes when you are working at a computer or using a smartphone. Second, screen use can do harm to children’s brains. A new study shows that using screens too much can affect（影响） how children’s brains grow. If children use screens for more than one hour a day, they might have lower levels of white matter in their brains. White matter is a key to the development of language and reading skills. So it is wise to cut down the time of children using all kinds of screens. Third, using screens too much will affect your sleep. According to a study, about 95% of the people between the ages of 13 and 64 use electronics before bed, especially the young people under 20. Doctors say that the light from those electronics at night may make you excited before you go to bed. Then it’s hard for you to get enough sleep. So you’d better turn off smartphones, TVs, and all other screens an hour before your bedtime. To keep healthy, doctors and researchers strongly advise that you shouldn’t use screens for long hours. 21．The blue light from your screens can cause ________. A．eyestrain B．headaches C．dry eyes D．all of the above 22．According to the passage, you can’t sleep well because you ________. A．take a break every 15 minutes B．have lower levels of white matter C．use screens too much before bed D．are the people from 13 to 64 23．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A．Using smartphones for long hours does harm to your eyes. B．A lot of screen time affects children’s brain growth. C．The light from electronics at night may make you excited. D．People of all ages mustn’t use electronics. 24．You may read the passage in ________. A．a science magazine B．a travel diary C．a guide book D．a novel 25．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The ways to keep healthy. B．The harm of using screens too much. C．The ways to use screens. D．The advantages of using screens. （2024·云南昭通·三模）There are lots of fun-filled ethnic (少数民族的) festivals in our country. Let’s take a look at some of them. March Fair of Bai People The March Fair is the most important festival for the Bai people living in Dali, Yunnan. It starts from the 15th day of the 3rd lunar month and lasts about 7 days. During the festival, people in and around Dali come together for trade. What’s more, they race horses, dance to and sing traditional songs. Torch Festival of Yi People In Yunnan, Guizhou and Sichuan, Yi people celebrate the Torch (火把) Festival. It usually takes place from the 24th to the 26th day of the 6th lunar month every year. As part of the festival, every family needs to light a torch. The idea is that these torches will drive away bad luck. In the center of town, there is always a bonfire (篝火). People of all ages sing and dance around it. Water Festival of Dai People The Water Festival is the New Year for the Dai people living in Xishuangbanna, Yunnan. It lasts 3 days in April. During the festival, Dai people wear their festival suits to dance and throw water at each other (they believe it could bring happiness and good luck). The wetter you get, the luckier you will be. Interested in these Chinese festivals? Go and experience them yourself. 26．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．The Bai People. B．The Torch Festival. C．The bonfire. D．The Water Festival. 27．How long does Torch Festival of Yi People last? A．Three days. B．Four days C．About 7 days D．About two weeks. 28．Where can you experience all the three ethnic festivals above? A．In Sichuan. B．In Yunnan. C．In Guizhou. D．In Guangdong 29．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text? A．The Torch Festival lasts the shortest time. B．Bai People often trade and draw in March Fair. C．The Water Festival is the New Year for Dai people. D．Yi People need to light a torch to see the road clearly. 30．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．Some ethnic clothes in our country. B．Some ethnic food in our country. C．Some ethnic movies in our country. D．Some ethnic festivals in our country. （2024·云南德宏·一模）By the end of 2022, the number of miles of China railways had reached 155, 000 km. Of this 42, 000 km is high-speed railway. In 2022, China railways carried 1, 610 million passengers and 3,900 million tons of goods, which was the first in the world. We have seen a lot of achievements of China railways so far. The first high-speed railway, Beijing-Tianjin railway, can run at 350 km/h, crossing soft soil areas safely. The Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway set a speed record of 486 km/h. The 2, 298 km Beijing-Guangzhou high-speed railway is the longest railway in the world, crossing many rivers. The 1,777 km Lanzhou-Urumqi high-speed railway crosses desert and strong wind areas in China. On December 31st , 2021, the China-Laos Railway (中老铁路) opened to traffic. From January to February 2023, the railway carried 417,000 passengers and 647,700 tons of goods. The research of technology and the practice of engineering support the successes above. Learning from foreign experience, China railways had built a complete high-speed railway system and surmount different geological (地质的) problems. Besides, risk protection and control system are built to make sure the safety of trains. The comfortable, safe and fast railways are changing the travel and living habits of people. Passengers can easily book tickets online by phones, which allows them to save time and cost. Next time when you travel, try them! 31．Which high-speed railway is the longest railway in the world? A．Beijing-Tianjin high-speed railway. B．Beijing-Guangzhou high-speed railway. C．Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway. D．Lanzhou-Urumqi high-speed railway. 32．How does the writer describe the success of China’s high-speed railways? A．By giving examples. B．By comparing facts. C．By using a saying. D．By giving opinions. 33．In which part of a magazine can you read the text? A．Science. B．Nature. C．Culture. D．Business. 34．What does the underlined word “surmount” in Paragraph 4 mean in Chinese? A．发现 B．带来 C．缓解 D．克服 35．What is the best title for the passage? A．Advice on Taking High-speed Railway B．The Longest High-speed Railway C．Success of China’s High-speed Railway D．Difficulties in Building High-speed Railway （2024·云南昆明·二模）The first “Luoyang Virtual Reality (虚拟现实) Project” has ever become a hit since it opened to public, attracting many drama fans and digital technology lovers. The project makes it possible to bring us back to the ancient Luoyang by using VR technology. The project was set in a theater which covers about 300 square meters in Shanghai. It created a highly realistic environment using VR technology, Inside-out Tracking technology and other technologies to set up different props, such as horses, ships, and tools. Users can have a “time travel” experience with an exciting 60-minute VR-powered journey, traveling back to 1,300 years ago to “visit” the ancient city of Luoyang. Inside the theater, they can not only play roles in the drama, but also choose costumes and take photos according to their interests. The application (应用) of VR technology allows tourists to walk in the theater and experience the ancient life of Luoyang, and feel the charm (魅力) of traditional Chinese culture. This project successfully creates a new way to spread Chinese culture through using VR technology. What’s more, it brings modern technology into our daily lives and creates an all-immersive (拟真的) experience. 36．Where was the project set in? A．A theater of Luoyang. B．A 3000 square-meter theater. C．A thearter of Shanghai. D．A traditional theater. 37．What does the underlined word “props” most probably mean in Paragraph 2? A．道具 B．空间 C．剧情 D．成就 38．What can people do in the theater according to the text? ①They can take photos. ②They can play roles in the drama. ③They can choose costumes that they like. ④They can make films about the ancient life of Luoyang. A．①③④ B．①②③ C．②③④ D．①②④ 39．What is the correct structure of the text? (①=Paragraph 1) A． B． C． D． 40．What could be the best title for the text? A．Traveling Changes the World B．Tourists Experience the Real-world Travel C．VR Brings Ancient Luoyang Back to Us D．Modern Technology Makes A New City （2024·云南昆明·二模）Ghaffar Pourazar, a British man, has learned the necessary skills to perform Beijing Opera and he has become popular with his lively performance of the Monkey King, a traditional character from the Chinese classic story Journey to the West. In 1993, he happened to watch Beijing Opera performed in London by professionals from Jingju Theatre Company of Beijing. Ghaffar fell in love with the beautiful voices, colorful costumes, excellent shows and so on. So after a year, he arrived in China alone and became a student of Beijing Opera. At the age of 32, he had to learn with teenage students every day, starting from the most basic training of the legs and waist (腰). At that time, he was mostly troubled by the dialogue in Beijing Opera. To him, it was the biggest problem. But he tried his best to practice it. 4 years later, he began to learn to perform the Monkey King. He usually arrived at the workroom on hour earlier than the other performers and he also bought books and CDs to understand the character better. Finally, He once won a top international prize for performing the Monkey King. To help more people enjoy Beijing Opera, Ghaffar often teaches the traditional art form in schools in the United States, Britain and other countries. Ghaffar led a group of actors to perform 66 times in a month and a half in the United States. He also led a 48-member team to perform in Malaysia. In the past 10 years, he has performed in more than 400 shows. 41．Why did Ghaffar start learning Beijing Opera? A．Because he thought it was a necessary skill. B．Because Journey to the West is his favorite. C．Because he loved Beijing Opera after watching one. D．Because he wanted to be an actor and made lots of money. 42．How old was Ghaffar when he started to learn to perform the Monkey King? A．30. B．32. C．34. D．36. 43．Which of the following word can best describe Ghaffar according to Paragraph 3? A．Careless. B．Creative. C．Hard-working. D．Warm-hearted. 44．What is the correct order of the following events according to the text? a. He got basic training with teenage students. b. He watched a Beijing Opera performance in London. c. He bought books and CDs about the Monkey King. d. He won an international prize for performing the Monkey King. A．b-c-a-d B．b-d-a-c C．b-a-c-d D．b-a-d-c 45．What can we know about Ghaffar according to the last paragraph? A．He performed Beijing Opera by himself. B．He likes to teach his children to speak Chinese. C．He led a 66-member team to perform in Malaysia. D．He did a lot to spread Beijing Opera to other countries. （2024·云南·一模）In China, the year 2024 is known as long nian in the traditional Chinese lunar calendar. Over a long period of time, it has been called the Year of the Dragon in English. But actually, there are a lot of differences between the Chinese long and the Western dragon. The Chinese long is made up of parts of some gentle animals, such as a rabbit’s eyes and an ox’s ears. In Chinese mythology, long is able to fly. In addition, it can also spray (喷洒) water from its mouth to create rain. However, in Western culture, a dragon breathes fire and has the body of a snake and big wings of a bat. What’s more, you will find most of the Western dragons in dark colors because they usually stand for evil (邪恶). As a result, normally at the end of the stories, the evil dragon will be beaten by the superheroes. What makes such differences? In fact, they have something to do with the cultural differences. In Chinese Confucian (儒家的) ideas, kindness and harmony (和谐) are very important. It is our duty to help each other and live a peaceful life. Western culture, on the other hand, prefers individual heroism (个人英雄主义). Whenever something terrible happens, there will be a superhero who is brave enough to stand out, fight against the enemy on his own, and, of course, save the whole world. In recent years, Chinese have tried to translate long in another way. For example, Zhejiang’s Loong Air has already written long as Loong. One of the reasons is that Loong sounds the same as the Chinese character long. Besides, the letters “oo” in the word Loong look like the two big eyes of the animal, which makes it easier to memorize this word. Anyway, no matter how long is translated, there is one thing for sure: the Chinese long is different from the Western dragon, and it is a symbol of good luck. Wish you and your family the best in the Year of Loong! 46．Which of the following is the picture of a Western dragon? A． B． C． D． 47．According to the Chinese Confucian ideas, what might be the reason for long to spray water? A．To fight against the evil dragon. B．To help the farmers in the dry weather. C．To show its power and ability. D．To make itself the superhero in this world. 48．Which of the following is True according to the passage? A．A dragon breathes fire and has the body of a bat. B．2024 is the year of Loong in the traditional Chinese lunar calendar. C．The Western dragon is a symbol of good luck. D．Long can’t fly because it has no wings. 49．________ make Loong the new translation of the Chinese character long according to the passage. A．The historical background and cultural meaning B．The historical background and spelling C．The pronunciation and spelling D．The cultural meaning and pronunciation 50．In which part of a magazine may we find this passage? A．Healthy Life. B．Creative Art. C．Amazing Animals. D．Colorful Culture. （2024·云南昆明·一模）You may have ever heard someone say that dogs are color-blind. But is this true? A dog’s eyes have many similarities with human eyes. Just like us, dogs have retinas (视网膜). The retina is an important light-sensing structure. Dogs also have cone cells (视锥细胞) and rod cells (视杆细胞) on their retinas. The cone cells allow dogs to perceive (感知) color and see things in detail, while the rod cells help them see things in the dark and notice movement. Most humans have three kinds of cone cells: blue, red and green. They allow us to tell the difference between all the different colors. Dogs, on the other hand, have only two kinds of cone cells. One kind is blue, and the other lies somewhere between red and green. Therefore, dogs are unable to tell orange, red and green. They can only see things in yellow, blue, grey, brown, white and black. In other words, the vision (视力) of dogs is similar to that of a red-green color-blind human. Although they have fewer kinds of cone cells, dogs have more rod cells than humans. This allows them to see more clearly in the dark and notice movement more exactly than us. For example, in the dark a dog may see a small mouse moving in the distance that we might never be able to spot. While it may be true that our lovely animal friends see fewer colors, they can still see better than us in many other ways! 51．What’s the main idea of the second paragraph?  ________ A．The fact that dogs have more cone cells than humans. B．The reasons why dogs can see clearly in the dark. C．The similarities between dogs’ eyes and human eyes. D．How the rod cells help dogs see the world in the dark. 52．Which color can’t a dog see?  ________ ①black②orange③blue④yellow ⑤green⑥brown⑦white⑧grey⑨red A．①③⑤ B．④⑥⑧ C．②⑤⑨ D．⑤⑦⑨ 53．What does the underlined word “spot” in Paragraph 3 mean in Chinese?  ________ A．表现 B．参加 C．隐藏 D．看见 54．What’s the structure of the passage? P＝ Paragraph  ________ A． B． C． D． 55．What is the text mainly about?  ________ A．Whether dogs are color-blind. B．Whether dogs have retinas. C．Why dogs are people’s friends. D．Why dogs can see better than us. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$