2025届高三英语一轮复习培优外刊阅读导学案：大学话题

高三英语培优外刊阅读 班级：____________学号：____________姓名：____________ 外刊精选｜不用“高考”就能上美国顶尖大学的日子，要结束了？ 近日，美国常春藤盟校之一的耶鲁大学宣布，将恢复对申请者的标准化考试成绩要求，2025年秋季入学的学生必须选择SAT成绩等四种成绩之一作为提交材料。就在不久前，同为藤校的达特茅斯学院也做出了类似的决定，要求申请学生必须提交SAT或ACT成绩。这意味着，这两所大学叫停了疫情期间开始的、多所美国大学实施的“标准化考试成绩非必要（test-optional）”政策。不要求标准化考试成绩，只是为了应对疫情所做的调整吗？标准化考试在“教育公平”中究竟扮演着怎样的角色？ Yale to Require Standardized Test Scores for Admissions By Stephanie Saul Yale University will require standardized test scores for students applying for the class entering in the fall of 2025, becoming the second Ivy League university to abandon test-optional policies that had been widely embraced during the Covid pandemic. Yale's decision, which will not affect students who applied during the current admissions cycle, followed a similar decision in February from Dartmouth College. These institutions remain in the minority. Many decided to keep their test optional policies in place as the pandemic waned. The anti-testing movement has long said that standardized tests help fuel inequality, because many students from affluent families use tutors and coaches to bolster their scores. But recent research has questioned whether test-optional policies may actually hurt the very students they were meant to help. In January, Opportunity Insights, a group of economists based at Harvard, published a study that found that test scores could help identify lower-income students and students from underrepresented populations who would thrive in college. "For students attending well-resourced high schools, substitutes for standardized tests are relatively easy to find: Transcripts brim with advanced courses, teachers are accustomed to praising students’ unique classroom contributions, and activities lists are full of enrichment opportunities," said Jeremiah Quinlan, the dean of undergraduate admissions at Yale. "Increased emphasis on these elements, we found, has the effect of advantaging the advantaged." 【词汇过关】 请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。 1.embrace英 [ɪmˈbreɪs] 美 [ɪmˈbreɪs] v. _______________________________ 2.wane英 [weɪn] 美 [weɪn] v. _______________________________ 3.fuel英 [ˈfjuːəl] 美 [ˈfjuːəl] v. ____________；n. _________________________ 4.affluent英 [ˈæfluənt] 美 [ˈæfluənt] adj. _______________________________ 5.coach英 [kəʊtʃ] 美 [koʊtʃ] n. _______________________________ 6.bolster英 [ˈbəʊlstə] 美 [ˈboʊlstər] v. _______________________________ 7.thrive英 [θraɪv] 美 [θraɪv] v. _______________________________ 8.transcript英 [ˈtrænskrɪpt] 美 [ˈtrænskrɪpt] n. _______________________________ 【词块学习】 请从文章中找到下面中文相对应的文词块。 1._______________________________标准化考试 2._______________________________常春藤联盟 3._______________________________欣然接受了这个机会 4._______________________________属于少数派 5._______________________________在运作，在起效果 6._______________________________ 给......增加刺激要素 7._______________________________激化了猜测怀疑 8._______________________________富有国家 9._______________________________充满...... 拓展练习阅读理解 It took an ill screech owl (鸣角鸮) to teach a scientist the value of up-close-and-personal study. In his Harvad talk, Carl Safina, an ecologist and author of Alfie and Me: What Owls Know, What Humans Believe, recalled that the chick was found dying in his backyard. Safina took it in and planned to nurse it back to health and then perform release. But the owlet's flight feathers didn't grow properly. Safina delayed the release. Over those extended months, Safina got to know Alfie in ways that moved and changed him. “An owl found me and then I was watching ‘an owl’,” he said. “It was no longer an owl after a while, it was ‘she’ because she had a history with me. This little owl, who was with me much longer than I thought she would be, became an individual to me by that history and all those interactions.” The bond with Alfie strengthened to the point that, when she was finally released, she created a territory with Safina's home at its center. Safina was able to spend hours each day observing her in the woods as she learned to take care of herself in the wild, met two mates, and raised chicks of her own. When he heard Alfie calling, Safina said, he'd call back and she'd land nearby. Their closeness allowed him to learn more things about screech owls. Field guides, for example, describe two known calls but he identified six, some of which you have to be quite close to hear. The relationship also opened a window for Safina onto personality differences between Alfie and her mates. When pointed out that his approach to Alfie—including the act of naming her—ran counter to widespread scientific practice, Safina said he wasn't concerned about violating (违反) convention, particularly if something interesting like individual personality differences among owls could be learned. The experience caused Safina to think more deeply about humankind's relationship with nature and the kind of personal connection he was able to feel with a wild individual. “What I learned from Alfie is that all sentient (有情感的) beings seek a feeling of well-being and freedom of movement,” Safina said. “That's a guide to what's right and what's wrong to me.” 29．What do we know about Alfie? A．She developed a close bond with Safina. B．She was a fictional character in Safina's book. C．She intentionally landed in Safina's backyard. D．She was dying because of the broken flight feathers. 30．What happened after Safina released Alfie? A．Alfie chose to stay with Safina at his home. B．They maintained a continous communication. C．Alfie met mates and raised chicks by herself. D．Safina kept his distance from her to prevent attachment. 31．What did Safina achieve in his study? A．Recording six different calls of the screech owl. B．Identifying different types of owls by their calls. C．Learning how to release owls back into the wild. D．Understanding personality differences among owls. 32．How did Safina's experience with Alfie impact him? A．He became more focused on exploring nature. B．He initiated his commitment to wildlife conservation. C．He developed a deep appreciation for the welfare of living creatures. D．He decided to guide readers to distinguish between right and wrong. 外刊精选答案 【词汇过关】 请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。 1.embrace英 [ɪmˈbreɪs] 美 [ɪmˈbreɪs] v. 拥抱；接受；包括 2.wane英 [weɪn] 美 [weɪn] v. 消退，衰落 3.fuel英 [ˈfjuːəl] 美 [ˈfjuːəl] v. 激化，激发；添加燃料；n. 燃料，刺激因素 4.affluent英 [ˈæfluənt] 美 [ˈæfluənt] adj. 富裕的 5.coach英 [kəʊtʃ] 美 [koʊtʃ] n. 辅导老师，教练 6.bolster英 [ˈbəʊlstə] 美 [ˈboʊlstər] v. 加强，提高，改善 7.thrive英 [θraɪv] 美 [θraɪv] v. 兴旺，发达，繁荣，茁壮成长 8.transcript英 [ˈtrænskrɪpt] 美 [ˈtrænskrɪpt] n. 成绩单 【词块学习】 请从文章中找到下面中文相对应的文词块。 1.standardized test标准化考试 2.Ivy League常春藤联盟 3.embrace the opportunity 欣然接受了这个机会 4.remain in the minority属于少数派 5.(be) in place在运作，在起效果 6.add fuel to something 给......增加刺激要素 7.fuel speculation 激化了猜测怀疑 8.affluent nations 富有国家 9.brim with充满...... 【全文翻译】 耶鲁大学将要求入学申请时提供标准化考试成绩 耶鲁大学将要求申请2025年秋季入学的学生提供标准化考试成绩，它由此成为第二所叫停“标准化考试成绩非必要（test-optional）”政策的常春藤盟校，该政策在新冠疫情期间被广泛采纳。（译者注：test-optional policies也被译为“标化可选”政策。） 作出该决定的院校仍然只是少数。许多院校决定继续保留“标准化考试成绩非必要”政策，并未因为疫情减弱而改变。 长期以来，反对标准化考试的人持有这样的观点：标准化考试助长了不平等现象，因为许多来自富裕家庭的学生可以聘请家庭教师和培训教师来提高分数。 但一份最近发表的研究对此提出了质疑：“标准化考试成绩非必要”政策，是否可能实际上伤害的正是政策想要帮助的学生。 今年1月，哈佛大学下属的经济学家组织“机会洞察”发表了一份研究报告，发现标准化考试可以帮助发现未来在大学会表现优异的、来自低收入家庭与社会弱势群体的学生。 “对于所就读高中资源丰富的学生来说，找到标准化考试的替代品相对容易：他们的成绩单上列满了高级课程，老师们习惯于（在推荐信当中）表扬他们在课堂上的独特贡献，他们的课外活动列表上也充满了各种拓展机会。” 耶鲁大学本科招生负责人杰里迈亚·昆兰（Jeremiah Quinlan）说，“我们发现，加强对这些因素的强调，效果只会是让有优势的学生更有优势。” 拓展练习阅读理解参考答案 29．A 30．B 31．D 32．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了生态学家Carl Safina与一只名叫Alfie的鸣角鸮的故事，以及这段经历对他的影响。 29．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Over those extended months, Safina got to know Alfie in ways that moved and changed him.”（在那些漫长的月份里，萨菲纳以一种感动并改变他的方式了解了阿尔菲。）根据第三段“This little owl, who was with me much longer than I thought she would be, became an individual to me by that history and all those interactions.”（这只小猫头鹰，它和我在一起的时间比我想象的要长得多，通过那段历史和所有这些互动，它成为了我的一部分）可知，Safina与Alfie建立了紧密的联系。故选A。 30．细节理解题。根据文章第五段“When he heard Alfie calling, Safina said, he'd call back and she'd land nearby.”（当他听到阿尔菲的叫声时，萨菲纳说，他会回应，她就会降落在附近。）可知，他们保持了持续的交流，故选B。 31．细节理解题。根据文章第五段“The relationship also opened a window for Safina onto personality differences between Alfie and her mates.”（这种关系也为萨菲纳打开了一个窗口，让他看到阿尔菲和她的伴侣之间的性格差异。）可知，Safina理解了猫头鹰之间的性格差异，故选D 32．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“What I learned from Alfie is that all sentient beings seek a feeling of well-being and freedom of movement,” Safina said. “That's a guide to what's right and what's wrong to me.”（我从阿尔菲那里学到的是，所有有情感的生物都寻求幸福感和自由的移动，”萨菲纳说。“这对我来说是判断对错的指南。”）可知，Safina对生物的幸福产生了深深的欣赏，故选C。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$