Unit1 词汇知识点详解2024-2025学年牛津译林版英语八年级上册

8A Unit 1 Friends单词知识点汇总(2) 1. generous adj. 大方的,慷慨的 课文例句;Betty is generous. 知识点 1) generously: adv. 反义词:mean 2) be generous with sth慷慨给予的 be ~ with your time不吝惜时间 It was generous of him to offer to pay for us both.他主动为我们俩付钱,真是大方。 3) 丰富的;充足的;大的 a generous helping of meat一大份肉 The car has a generous amount of space.这辆汽车的空间很大。 2. willing adj. 乐意的,愿意的 课文例句:She is willing to share things with her friends. 知识点 1) 比较级more willing最高级most willing willingly adv. willingness n. 2) be~ to do sth乐意做某事 I'm perfectly willing to discuss the problem.我十分乐意讨论这个问题。 3) willing +n. 自愿的;乐于相助的;积极肯干的 a willing horse心甘情愿努力干活的人 3. voice n. 嗓音 课文例句:Betty has a good voice. 知识点 1) 嗓音;说话声;歌唱声 I could hear voices in the next room.我能听到隔壁说话的声音。 短语: speak in a deep/soft/loud/quiet voice 低沉地、轻柔地、大声地、轻声地说 to raise/lower your voice (= to speak louder/more quietly) 提高/压低嗓门 lost one's voice 嗓子哑了 句子: Keep your voice down (= speak quietly) .说话轻一些。 ‘I promise,’ she said in a small voice (= a quiet, shy voice) .“我答应。”她小声说。 Don't take that tone of voice with me! 别用那种腔调和我说话。 2) 发言权;发表意见的权利;影响 make your voice heard发表意见,表达感情 with one voice异口同声;众口一词 4. almost:adv. 几乎,差不多 课文例句:Max is the tallest boy in his classs-almost 1.75meters. 同义词:nearly几乎;差不多 It's almost time to go.是差不多该走的时候了。 Her English is almost flawless.她的英语几乎无可挑剔。 5. Sense n. 感觉、感官、意识 课文例句:Max has a good sense of humor. 知识点 1) [C] 感觉官能(即视、听、嗅、味、触五觉) We have five senses五种感觉官能 Dogs have a keen (strong) sense of smell. 狗的嗅觉很灵敏。 2) [C] 感觉,意识 短语 a sense of direction 方向感 a sense of responsibility 责任感 make sense有道理 make sense of sth理解,弄懂(不易理解的事物) 例句 There's no sense in (it's not sensible) worrying about it. 不必为那件事忧虑。 I had the sense that he was worried about something.我感觉他有心事。 He waited for Dora to come to her senses and return.他盼着多拉冷静下来后回来。 6. bored adj.无聊的 课文例句:I never feel bored with him. 知识点 1) bored 人感到无聊的 boring 物令人感到无聊的 2) be ~ with sb/sth 3) bored to death 无聊透顶 例句 The women are cross and bored. 这些妇女们感到愤怒和厌烦。 There was a bored expression on her face.她脸上有一种厌倦的表情。 7. Fit v. 可容纳,装进 课文例句:They do not fit under the desk. 知识点 三单fits 动名词fitting 过去式fitted或fit 比较级fitter最高级fittest 1) V.(大小、式样、数量适合)可容纳,装进 2) V.(形状和尺寸)适合,合身 ~sb well fit (sb) like a glove(大小、形状)完全合适,恰好合身 3) adj. 健康的 keep ~ 4) adj.(质量、素质或技能)适合的,恰当的,合格的 be~ (for sth)~ (to do sth) It was a meal fit for a king ( of very good quality) .这饭菜够得上御膳。 8. knock v.碰撞;把...撞击成 课文例句When he walks past our desks, he often knocks our books onto the floor. 知识点 1) 敲;击(门窗) ~ at/on sth 2) 碰,撞 ~ (sth) (against/on sth) 短语 knock...down 把...撞到 ~ over 把...撞翻 ~...onto spl. 撞到...上面 ~...off spl. 把...撞离开 ~into sb撞到某人 knock sb dead 使某人倾倒 例句 Her hand knocked against the glass.她的手碰了玻璃杯。 I'll knock your head off ! 我非揍你不可,我要揍扁你。 9. Straight adj. 笔直的 课文例句She has long straight hair. 知识点 比较级Straighter 最高级straightest (1) 直的;直筒型的a straight line直线 a straight skirt直筒裙 (2) 准的;正中目标的 a straight punch to the face不偏不倚打在脸上的一拳 (3) 直接;径直;立即 例句 He was too tired to walk straight. 他累得走都走不直了。 I was so tired I went straight to bed.我太累,径直上床睡了。 10. sweet adj. 可爱的,惹人喜爱的 1) 食物、饮料(含糖的;甜的) ~food 甜食 have a sweet tooth 爱吃甜食 1) 气味(香的;芳香的)a sweet-smelling rose芬芳的玫瑰 2) 声音(悦耳的;好听的) a sweet voice甜润的嗓音 3) 纯净的;清新的;新鲜的the sweet air of a mountain village山村的清新空气 4) 善良的;好心的;和蔼的;温柔的 She gave him her sweetest smile.她向他投以极温柔的一笑。 11. Smile vi. 微笑 课文例句: She smiles often and never says a bad word about anyone. 知识点 1 ~ (at sb/sth) (朝...)微笑;笑 She smiled at him and he smiled back .她冲他笑笑,他也冲她笑笑。 短语 smile to oneself暗笑 to smile sweetly/faintly/broadly 嫣然一笑、淡然一笑、咧嘴一笑 2 n. 微笑 Oh, hello,’ he said, with a smile .“嗨,你好。”他微笑着说。 She gave a wry smile .她苦笑一下。 He had a big smile on his face.他笑容满面。 12. personality n.个性 知识点 1) [ C/U]性格;个性;人格 The children all have very different personalities.孩子们的性格各不相同。 2) 性格鲜明的人;有突出个性的人 Their son is a real personality.他们的儿子真是有个性。 3) 名人,风云人物(尤指娱乐界或体育界的) personalities from the world of music音乐界名流 4) [ U]特色;特征 The problem with many modern buildings is that they lack personality.许多现代建筑物的问题在于缺乏特色。 13. choose v. 选择;挑选 课文例句: Who would you like to choose as your best friend? Choose 过去式 chose choice n.选择 知识点 1 选择;挑选;选取 ~ between A and/or B ~ A from B ~ sb/sth as sth 2 ~ to do sth选择去做 3 宁愿;情愿;决定 Many people choose not to marry.许多人情愿不结婚。 同义词辨析: choose指选择、选取人或物:You choose.I can't decide.你来选吧,我拿不定主意。 select表示仔细挑选,除非表明select randomly/at random(随机选取)。 pick较非正式,常指随意挑选,尤用于所作选择不甚重要的事情。 14. worse adj. 更差、更糟、更坏 bad/ill/badly- worse-worst 知识点 短语 worse and worse 越来越严重 go from bad to worse 每况愈下;越来越糟 it could be worse 原本可能还要更糟 It couldn’t be worse. 没有比这更糟糕的了。 There's nothing worse than going out in the cold with wet hair. 没有比在大冷天头发湿着外出更糟糕的了。 15. height n. 高、高度 知识点 1) [ UC](人或物的)身高,高度 be of medium/average height 中等身材 It is almost 2 metres in height .它差不多有2米高。 2) [ UC] 高度 The plane flew at a height of 3 000 metres.飞机在3 000米的高空飞行。 3) heights[ pl.]更好;更高水平;极佳状况 Their success had reached new heights .他们的成就达到新高水平。 16. competition n.竞赛、比赛、竞争 知识点 1) Compete v. 竞争 competitor (尤指商业方面的)竞争者,对手 2) 竞争;角逐 ~ between/with sb 3) to enter/win/lose a competition 参加 赢得 输掉比赛 4) the competition竞争者;对手 17. test n. 测试、考察 1 测验;考查 an IQ/intelligence/aptitude test 智商 智力 能力倾向测验 to take a test 参加测验~ (on sth) 2 (医疗上的)检查,化验,检验 a test for AIDS艾滋病化验 an eye test眼睛检查 stand the test of time 经得起时间的考验 test the waters 摸清底细 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$