2024届高考英语语法讲解：非谓语动词分词 学案

非谓语动词——分词 I. 分词担当的成分 1. 作______ (1) The lecture was so _________ (interest) that the hall was full of students. (2) After a long walk on a hot day, one often feels _______ (tire) out. · 注意下列动词： amuse, astonish, bore, delight, discourage, disappoint, encourage, excite, frighten, inspire, interest, move, please, puzzle, satisfy, shock, surprise, tire, worry… 他们的特点是：___________________________________________________ But: a disappointed expression/an excited look/a pleased smile/a frightened cry 2. 作________ (1) I caught them ________ (steal) my apples. (2) She has had the house ________ (paint) white. · 感官动词： feel/hear/listen /see /watch/notice/catch + · 使役动词： 1）make sb/sth +_________________________ The speaking raised his voice but still couldn’t make himself _____(hear). John was made ________(tell) everything. 2）get/leave sb/sth +_________________________ They all went into the house, leaving me _______(feel) terrible fool. I’ll get my bike_______ (repair) tomorrow. Her parents left her __________(choose) her own friends. 3）keep sb/sth +_________________________ We must keep the old temple _______(protect). I am sorry to have kept you ________(wait) so long. 4）have(让) sb/sth +_________________________ have(有) sth +_________________________ He had his son _________(clean) the car. He always has his radio ________(work) when sleeping. My car is broken, l have to have it ________(repair). I have a lot of homework _________(do), so I can’t go swimming with you. “Do you have any clothes ____________(wash)?” asked the maid. 3. 作_______ advanced equipment, boiled water, developed countries, an escaped prisoner, fallen leaves, a retired worker, the risen sun 比较：boiling water, developing countries, falling leaves, the rising sun … (1) Some of the questions ________ (raise) by children are very difficult to answer. (2) People ________ (wait) for the bus became impatient. · 区别：____________________________________ 4. 作_______ (1) _________ (hear) the news, the students all jumped with joy. (2) _________ (heat) at 100C, water turns into steam. 区别：____________________________________ To learn English well, a lot of practice must be done. (?) __________________________________________. Being ill, his classmate sent him to hospital. (?) __________________________________________. Broken by him, I can’t use the cup. (?) __________________________________________. 注意：____________________________________ II. 重点和难点 1. 作独立成分（悬垂分词） · generally /strictly speaking · judging from /by · talking of · considering/ given (that) … · supposing (that)/assuming (that)…/provided (that) … 1) She's very active, considering her age. 2) Given his age, (= considering how old he is) he's remarkably active. 3) Assuming that(=provided that) he's still alive, how old would he be now? 2. 非谓语动词的时态和语态 The problem___________(discuss) next is of great importance. The problem___________(discuss) now is of great importance. The problem___________(discuss) just now is of great importance. 非谓语动词做定语：________________________________________ ___________(hold) the boy’s hand tightly, he came out of the room. ___________ (fail) twice, he didn't want to try again. ____________ (bit) twice by my dog, the postman refused to deliver our letters. ____________ (not; know) the language and __________ (have) no friends in the country, he found it impossible to get a job. 非谓语动词做状语：________________________________________ · 注意：having done；having been done 通常在句子中用作状语不做定语。 3. 注意下列动词： seat, devote, equip, dress, hide, locate, lose, occupy, etc. 他们的特点是：_____________________________________________ · be buried in，be concerned with / about，be devoted to, be convinced of，be dressed in，be equipped with，be located in，be lost in，be occupied in/with，be seated, be faced with a. I saw her _______ (seat) at the back of the room. b. I saw her _______ (seat) an old man into the wheelchair when I passed by. c. ______ (seat) in the chair, the old man smiled. d. When everybody ______ (seat), the chairman started the meeting. e. _______ (seat) the audience, the chairman started the meeting. 非谓语动词的其他内容 1.非谓语动词的否定 1) He told the children _______________ (不要玩) in the street. 2) He apologized for _______________ (他没能到) on time. 3) _______________ (没有完成) his work, he could not leave the office. 4) _______________ (Jenny没有被训练过) as a dancer is her one regret. 2. with ＋ n. ＋ … 1) With so many windows ________(clean), I had to work the whole afternoon. 2) With all the windows ________(clean), I had a good rest. 3) The soldier rushed into the cave, with his right hand ______(carry) a gun and his face _______(cover) with sweat. 4) We lay in bed with the window ________(窗户开着). 5) With a book __________(手里拿着一本书), he entered the classroom. 3．独立主格结构 1) So many windows ________(clean), I had to work the whole afternoon. 2) All the windows ________(clean), I had a good rest. 3) The soldier rushed into the cave, his right hand ______(carry) a gun and his face _______(cover) with sweat. 4) We lay in bed, the window ________(窗户开着). 5) A book __________(手里拿着一本书), he entered the classroom. · Weather _______________ (permit), we’ll go out for a walk. · The bus was crowded with passengers going home from market, most of ________ carrying heavy bags and baskets. · The bus was crowded with passengers going home from market, most of ________ carried heavy bags and baskets. · The cave ________(be) very dark, he lit some candles to give light. · The cave ________(be) very dark, so he lit some candles to give light. · The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons _________(finish) for the day. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$