核心语法知识夯基12 名词性从句（精讲精练）-2025届高三英语一轮复习闯关攻略

名词性从句（讲义） 目录 一 主语从句 二  宾语从句 三  表语从句 四  同位语从句 五 名词性从句易错题剖析 六 高考模拟试题 在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组，它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等。因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 主语从句 主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。 it作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较 it作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都可用连词that。被强调部分指人时也可用who/whom。例如： 1. It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film. 你不去看那场电影真可惜。 2. It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not. 我对你成功与否不感兴趣。 3. It is in the morning that the murder took place. 谋杀案是在早上发生的。（强调句型） 4. It is John that broke the window. 是John打碎的窗户。（强调句型） 用it作形式主语的结构 1. It is+名词+从句 It is a fact that… 事实是…… It is an honor that… 非常荣幸…… It is common knowledge that… ……是常识 2. It is+形容词+从句 It is natural that… 很自然…… It is strange that… 奇怪的是…… 3. It is+不及物动词+从句 It seems/appears that… 似乎…… It happened (to sb.) that… 碰巧…… 4. It+过去分词+从句 It is reported that… 据报道…… It has been proved that… 已证实…… It is said that… 据说……  主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况 1. if 引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。 2. It is said/reported…结构中的主语从句不可提前。 例如： 正确表达：It is said that our headmaster will go to New York next week. 错误表达：That our headmaster will go to New York next week is said. 3. It happens/occurs…结构中的主语从句不可提前。 例如： 正确表达：It occurred to him that he failed in the examination. 错误表达：That he failed in the examination occurred to him. x-kw 4. It doesn’t matter how/whether …结构中的主语从句不可提前。 例如： 正确表达：It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not. 错误表达：Whether he is wrong or not doesn’t matter. 5. 含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时，主语从句不可提前。 例如： 正确表达：Is it likely that it will rain in the evening? 错误表达：Is that will rain in the evening likely? what与that在引导主语从句时的区别 what引导主语从句时，在从句中充当句子成分，如主语、宾语、表语，而that则不充当任何成分。 例如： 1. What you said yesterday is right. 2. That she is still alive is a consolation(安慰).  宾语从句 宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）或介词之后。 作动词的宾语 1. 由that引导的宾语从句（that通常可以省略）。 例如： I heard that he joined the army. 我听说他参军了。 2. 由what，whether (if) 引导的宾语从句。 例如： She did not know what had happened. 她不知道发生了什么。 I wonder whether you can help me with my English. 我想知道你是否能帮我学习英语。 3. 动词+间接宾语+宾语从句。 例如： She told me that she would accept my invitation. 她告诉我说她会接受我的邀请。  作介词的宾语 例如： Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another. 我们的成功取决于我们之间的合作。  作形容词的宾语 例如： I am afraid (that) I’ve made a mistake. 恐怕我已经犯了一个错误。 注意：that引导的从句常跟在下列形容词后作宾语：anxious, aware, certain, confident, convinced, determined, glad, proud, surprised, worried, sorry, thankful, ashamed, disappointed, annoyed, pleased, hurt, satisfied, content等。 it可以作为形式宾语 it不仅可以作形式主语，还可以作形式宾语而真正的宾语是that引导的宾语从句。 例如： We heard it that she would get married next month. 我听说她下个月就会结婚了。 后边不能直接跟that从句的动词 allow, refuse, let, like, cause, force, admire, condemn, celebrate, dislike, love, help, take, forgive等。这类词后可以用不定式或动名词作宾语，但不可以用that引导的宾语从句。如： 正确表达：I admire their winning the match. 错误表达：I admire that they won the match.  否定转移 若主句谓语动词为think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, fancy, guess, imagine等，其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。 例如： I don’t think this dress fits you well. 我认为这件衣服不适合你穿。  表语从句 表语从句是在复合句中作表语的名词性从句，放在系动词之后，一般结构是“主语+连系动词+表语从句”。可以接表语从句的连系动词有be, look, remain, seem等。引导表语从句的that常可省略。另外，常用的还有The reason is that…和It is because…等结构。 例如： 1. The question is whether we can make good preparation in such a short time. 2. This is why we can’t get the support of the people. xk/w 3. The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can provide us with fresh air.  同位语从句 同位语从句就是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。 同位语从句的功能 同位语从句对名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容，一般由that引导。 例如： The king’s decision that the prisoner would be set free surprised all the people.  同位语在句子中的位置 同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面，而是被别的词隔开。 例如： He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off. 同位语从句与定语从句的区别 1. 定语从句中的that既代替先行词，同时以在从句中作某个成分（主语或宾语），而同位语从句中的that是连词，只起连接主句与从句的作用，不充当句中任何成分。 2. 定语从句是形容词性的，其功能是修饰先行词，对先行词加以限定；同位语从句是名词性的，其功能是对名词进行补充说明。 例如： (1) The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year. （第一个that引导的是定语从句，that在从句中作宾语） (2) The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him. （that引导同位语从句，that在句中不作任何成分） 名词性从句易错题剖析 易错陷阱1：主语从句连接词what/that/whether/if易混易错点 【分析】 1.that引导主语从句时，无词义，只起连接作用，一般不能省略。what在从句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语。 2. whether引导的主语从句可放在句首，if引导主语从句在句尾，且用it作形式主语。 3. It作形式主语，that引导真正的主语从句。 4. What引导主语从句时，谓语动词一般用复数形式，若表语是复数，则谓语用复数。 易错陷阱2：宾语从句引导词及介词后接宾语从句易混易错点 【分析】1.doubt用于肯定句时，宾语从句用whether，doubt用于否定句时，宾语从句用that引导。 2. 介词后跟宾语从句时只能用wh-类连接词引导；如：I’m surprised at what he said. 3. 介词后如果跟that从句，要先加it作形式宾语，再加that从句。 如：depend on it that...; rely on it that...; see to it that...等。 4. 宾语从句的时态：主句是现在时或将来时，从句用句意的各种时态。主句是过去时， 从句用相应的过去时态。 从句表示客观事实或真理，从句都用现在时。 易错陷阱3：表语从句引导词及三个句式易混易错点 【分析】1. as if/as though 引导时，从句可用陈述语气，也可以用虚拟语气。 2. That is why+结果，表示“那就是.....的原因”。 3. That is because+原因，表示“那是因为......”。 4. The reason why/for... is that ..., 表示“......的原因是......”。 易错陷阱4：同位语从句与定语从句易混易错点 【分析】that引导同位语从句时，在从句中不作句子成分；that引导定语从句时，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。同位语经常修饰的名词有：fact, idea, news, promise, information, message, belief, opinion, possibility, thought, wish, truth, question, problem, reply, answer, report, suggestion, advice, order, warning等。 主语从句引导词what/that/whether/if易混易错点 【例1】 Huawei withstood strict sanctions from the US govt. and now able to produce their own 5G phones, a great victory! does not kill you will make you stronger! 易错分析：谓语动词判断错误容易易引起句子结构的误判，两个动词时需先判断主句谓语动词。 __________ people in western countries think we Muslim women are oppressed and controlled by men is wrong. 易错分析：长难句结构分析失误，主句谓语动词容易找错。 It is possible _________ caffeine may cause birth defects in humans, too. 易错分析：对形式主语it的用法掌握不牢。 For example, Mary-Jo Saunders is learning a Chinese poem today. ___________ is special is that she is able to recite it without an accent. 宾语从句引导词及介词后跟宾语从句易混易错点 【例2】 These words of her give us a look into the heart of this amazing woman, and ___________ carried her through a life of hard choices. 易错分析：本题因为句子成分判断错误引起句意理解不当，从而影响并列连词and之后的句子成分和句意。 On the first day of the Start of Autumn, usually people will weigh themselves and compare their weight to ___________ it was at the Start of Summer. Many love to find out ___________ the pictures were originally taken. 易错分析：只关注句子成分而忽略句意则容易误填that。句法和句意结合是解题必不可少的。 Phrases like “replace weapons of war with gifts of jade and silk” and “gentle as jade” perfectly show___________jade symbolizes in the minds of Chinese people. 表语从句引导词及三个句式易混易错点 【例3】This is___________they need an English trainer. 易错分析：表语从句三大易混句式掌握不牢，且句意理解不清。 The fresh thin air, snow-covered mountains and graceful animals running on the plains are ___________we’re here-to observe Tibetan antelopes, which are being hunted, legally, for their valuable fur. 易错分析：表语从句中往往涉及长句，则句子结构分析和句意都不可忽视。 It has rich cultural tourism resources as it is___________ Mount Tai rises, the Yellow River flows into the sea, and Confucius was born. In my case this is___________ happened—my parents turned in to me and my needs and the shyness all but disappeared completely over time. 同位语从句与定语从句易混易错点 【例4】Therefore our findings raise an exciting possibility___________ we may be able to promote health and  happiness by developing positive attitudes such as optimism.” 易错分析：同位语从句经常修饰的名词记忆不牢，而且句子较长容易引起句意理解错误。 Despite the fact ___________ a skywell’s size and design vary from region to region, it is almost always rectangular (长方形) and located in the core of a house. My question ___________ I shall get in touch with him has not been answered. 易错分析：同位语从句引导词不仅用that，还可用其他连词如，whether, who, what, when, where等。 Catching sight of the sunrise and sunset, Kua Fu suddenly hit upon an idea___________he wanted to race against the sun to see who ran faster! 高考模拟试题 一、单项选择 1．（2024·天津河北·二模）Visiting the Forbidden City, I was amazed by ______ ancient Chinese architects accomplished such impressive design and construction. A．that B．what C．which D．how 2．（2024·天津南开·二模）This ancient vase is very special and I will do _________ I can to restore it. A．that B．which C．whatever D．whichever 3．（2024·山东·三模）______ I have got a full mark is good news for me. A．As B．If C．Whether D．That 4．（2024·山东·三模）He spends a lot of time on Tik Tok. That’s ______ his sight get worse and worse. A．because B．why C．how D．what 5．（2024·天津河西·二模）Didn’t it ever occur to you ______ the English poem was about? Understanding its theme is the most important thing. A．that B．when C．how D．what 6．（2024·天津河东·二模）In communicating with others, ________ works best of all, I suppose, is a smile. A．what B．that C．which D．how 7．（2024·天津·二模）The scientist is conducting a research on __________ there is a relationship between sleep and memory. A．that B．what C．how D．whether 8．（2024·天津·二模）I have come from Mr. Wang with a message ______ he was invited to attend the WISA 2023 held in Chengdu. A．that B．which C．what D．when 9．（2024·天津·一模）It remains to be seen __________ the traffic regulations will adapt to the actual situation after they are released. A．whether B．which C．that D．what 10．（2024·天津武清·一模）If you spend equal time studying each subject, the chances are ______ you may fail in the exam. A．how B．what C．when D．that 11．（2024·天津和平·三模）How long do you think ______ the conflict between Russia and Ukraine comes to an end? A．it will be since B．will it be until C．it will be before D．will-it be when 12．（2024·天津北辰·三模）______ counts now is not to blame anyone but to make a united effort to solve the problem. A．How B．What C．That D．Which 13．（2024·山东泰安·一模）The question is ________ the film is worth seeing. A．where B．that C．whether D．what 14．（2024·天津河东·一模）With the high-quality development, Tianjin has taken a new look. It isn’t ______it used to be. A．what B．how C．that D．which 15．（2024·天津和平·一模）Can you fill me ______ has happened? A．in on what B．in that C．with which D．on what 16．（23-24高三下·天津·一模）Dr. Hart says ______ he really admires is the way ______ she has acknowledged good health not only makes her more beautiful, but happier too. A．which, that B．that, what C．what, that D．that, which 17．（23-24·上海·三模）It was widely confirmed by scientists that that was exactly ________ global greenhouse gas emission needs to be addressed as soon as possible. A．why B．how C．when D．whether 18．（23-24·广东广州·三模）The manager put forward a suggestion ______ we should have an assistant. There is too much work to do. A．whether B．that C．which D．why 19．（2024·山东·一模）—__________he will want to do is nothing. —Really? It may sometimes become quite a problem. A．That B．Whether C．How D．What 20．（23-24高三上·天津二模）________ is often the case, I assume, is the fact that when looking back, the bittersweet senior life is always one’s highlight in pursuit of dream. A．As B．Which C．That D．What 二、翻译 21．（23-24高三·上海宝山·三模）不管他怎么辩解，也无法说服在场的人认同他是无辜的。(persuade) 22．（23-24高三·上海宝山·二模）坦白说，你昨天在会上表达的观点还是有争议的。(controversial) 23．（23-24高三·上海普陀·一模）我们要关注的不是孩子们的言语，而是他们在创造性地解决问题的情况下的行动。(not...but) 24．（23-24高三·上海松江·二模）球员个人是否拥有出色的得分能力固然重要，但场上取胜的关键在于团队合作。(matter) 25．（2024·上海崇明·二模）毫无疑问，这个历史小镇已成为了很多游客追捧的旅游胜地。(doubt) 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 名词性从句（讲义） 目录 一 主语从句 二  宾语从句 三  表语从句 四  同位语从句 五 名词性从句易错题剖析 六 高考模拟试题 在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组，它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等。因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 主语从句 主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。 it作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较 it作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都可用连词that。被强调部分指人时也可用who/whom。例如： 1. It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film. 你不去看那场电影真可惜。 2. It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not. 我对你成功与否不感兴趣。 3. It is in the morning that the murder took place. 谋杀案是在早上发生的。（强调句型） 4. It is John that broke the window. 是John打碎的窗户。（强调句型） 用it作形式主语的结构 1. It is+名词+从句 It is a fact that… 事实是…… It is an honor that… 非常荣幸…… It is common knowledge that… ……是常识 2. It is+形容词+从句 It is natural that… 很自然…… It is strange that… 奇怪的是…… 3. It is+不及物动词+从句 It seems/appears that… 似乎…… It happened (to sb.) that… 碰巧…… 4. It+过去分词+从句 It is reported that… 据报道…… It has been proved that… 已证实…… It is said that… 据说……  主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况 1. if 引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。 2. It is said/reported…结构中的主语从句不可提前。 例如： 正确表达：It is said that our headmaster will go to New York next week. 错误表达：That our headmaster will go to New York next week is said. 3. It happens/occurs…结构中的主语从句不可提前。 例如： 正确表达：It occurred to him that he failed in the examination. 错误表达：That he failed in the examination occurred to him. x-kw 4. It doesn’t matter how/whether …结构中的主语从句不可提前。 例如： 正确表达：It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not. 错误表达：Whether he is wrong or not doesn’t matter. 5. 含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时，主语从句不可提前。 例如： 正确表达：Is it likely that it will rain in the evening? 错误表达：Is that will rain in the evening likely? what与that在引导主语从句时的区别 what引导主语从句时，在从句中充当句子成分，如主语、宾语、表语，而that则不充当任何成分。 例如： 1. What you said yesterday is right. 2. That she is still alive is a consolation(安慰).  宾语从句 宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）或介词之后。 作动词的宾语 1. 由that引导的宾语从句（that通常可以省略）。 例如： I heard that he joined the army. 我听说他参军了。 2. 由what，whether (if) 引导的宾语从句。 例如： She did not know what had happened. 她不知道发生了什么。 I wonder whether you can help me with my English. 我想知道你是否能帮我学习英语。 3. 动词+间接宾语+宾语从句。 例如： She told me that she would accept my invitation. 她告诉我说她会接受我的邀请。  作介词的宾语 例如： Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another. 我们的成功取决于我们之间的合作。  作形容词的宾语 例如： I am afraid (that) I’ve made a mistake. 恐怕我已经犯了一个错误。 注意：that引导的从句常跟在下列形容词后作宾语：anxious, aware, certain, confident, convinced, determined, glad, proud, surprised, worried, sorry, thankful, ashamed, disappointed, annoyed, pleased, hurt, satisfied, content等。 it可以作为形式宾语 it不仅可以作形式主语，还可以作形式宾语而真正的宾语是that引导的宾语从句。 例如： We heard it that she would get married next month. 我听说她下个月就会结婚了。 后边不能直接跟that从句的动词 allow, refuse, let, like, cause, force, admire, condemn, celebrate, dislike, love, help, take, forgive等。这类词后可以用不定式或动名词作宾语，但不可以用that引导的宾语从句。如： 正确表达：I admire their winning the match. 错误表达：I admire that they won the match.  否定转移 若主句谓语动词为think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, fancy, guess, imagine等，其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。 例如： I don’t think this dress fits you well. 我认为这件衣服不适合你穿。  表语从句 表语从句是在复合句中作表语的名词性从句，放在系动词之后，一般结构是“主语+连系动词+表语从句”。可以接表语从句的连系动词有be, look, remain, seem等。引导表语从句的that常可省略。另外，常用的还有The reason is that…和It is because…等结构。 例如： 1. The question is whether we can make good preparation in such a short time. 2. This is why we can’t get the support of the people. xk/w 3. The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can provide us with fresh air.  同位语从句 同位语从句就是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。 同位语从句的功能 同位语从句对名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容，一般由that引导。 例如： The king’s decision that the prisoner would be set free surprised all the people.  同位语在句子中的位置 同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面，而是被别的词隔开。 例如： He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off. 同位语从句与定语从句的区别 1. 定语从句中的that既代替先行词，同时以在从句中作某个成分（主语或宾语），而同位语从句中的that是连词，只起连接主句与从句的作用，不充当句中任何成分。 2. 定语从句是形容词性的，其功能是修饰先行词，对先行词加以限定；同位语从句是名词性的，其功能是对名词进行补充说明。 例如： (1) The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year. （第一个that引导的是定语从句，that在从句中作宾语） (2) The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him. （that引导同位语从句，that在句中不作任何成分） 名词性从句易错题剖析 易错陷阱1：主语从句连接词what/that/whether/if易混易错点 【分析】 1.that引导主语从句时，无词义，只起连接作用，一般不能省略。what在从句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语。 2. whether引导的主语从句可放在句首，if引导主语从句在句尾，且用it作形式主语。 3. It作形式主语，that引导真正的主语从句。 4. What引导主语从句时，谓语动词一般用复数形式，若表语是复数，则谓语用复数。 易错陷阱2：宾语从句引导词及介词后接宾语从句易混易错点 【分析】1.doubt用于肯定句时，宾语从句用whether，doubt用于否定句时，宾语从句用that引导。 2. 介词后跟宾语从句时只能用wh-类连接词引导；如：I’m surprised at what he said. 3. 介词后如果跟that从句，要先加it作形式宾语，再加that从句。 如：depend on it that...; rely on it that...; see to it that...等。 4. 宾语从句的时态：主句是现在时或将来时，从句用句意的各种时态。主句是过去时， 从句用相应的过去时态。 从句表示客观事实或真理，从句都用现在时。 易错陷阱3：表语从句引导词及三个句式易混易错点 【分析】1. as if/as though 引导时，从句可用陈述语气，也可以用虚拟语气。 2. That is why+结果，表示“那就是.....的原因”。 3. That is because+原因，表示“那是因为......”。 4. The reason why/for... is that ..., 表示“......的原因是......”。 易错陷阱4：同位语从句与定语从句易混易错点 【分析】that引导同位语从句时，在从句中不作句子成分；that引导定语从句时，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。同位语经常修饰的名词有：fact, idea, news, promise, information, message, belief, opinion, possibility, thought, wish, truth, question, problem, reply, answer, report, suggestion, advice, order, warning等。 主语从句引导词what/that/whether/if易混易错点 【例1】 Huawei withstood strict sanctions from the US govt. and now able to produce their own 5G phones, a great victory! does not kill you will make you stronger! 易错分析：谓语动词判断错误容易易引起句子结构的误判，两个动词时需先判断主句谓语动词。 【答案】what 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：杀不死你的，会让你更强大！引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，指“……的东西”应用what。故填what。 __________ people in western countries think we Muslim women are oppressed and controlled by men is wrong. 易错分析：长难句结构分析失误，主句谓语动词容易找错。 【答案】That 【解析】考查主语从句。这是一个复合句。主句谓语动词是is。句意：西方国家的人认为我们穆斯林妇女被男性所压迫是错误的。主语是一个主语从句，且在主语从句中谓语动词think后又跟了一个宾语从句we Muslim women are oppressed and controlled by men。主语从句中并不缺少句子成分，故用That。 It is possible _________ caffeine may cause birth defects in humans, too. 易错分析：对形式主语it的用法掌握不牢。 【答案】that 【解析】考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知，It作形式主语，真正的主语是设空处所引导的从句，且该空在从句中不作任何成分，故填that。句意：咖啡因也可能导致人类的先天缺陷。 For example, Mary-Jo Saunders is learning a Chinese poem today. ___________ is special is that she is able to recite it without an accent. 【答案】What 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：特别的是，她能毫无口音地背出来。空格处引导主语从句，从句中缺少主语，“什么”的意思，用连词what，位于句首，首字母大写。故填What。 宾语从句引导词及介词后跟宾语从句易混易错点 【例2】 These words of her give us a look into the heart of this amazing woman, and ___________ carried her through a life of hard choices. 易错分析：本题因为句子成分判断错误引起句意理解不当，从而影响并列连词and之后的句子成分和句意。 【答案】 what 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：她的这些话让我们看到了这位了不起的女人的内心，以及是什么让她度过了艰难的人生选择。分析句子可知，空处引导名词性从句作介词into的宾语，从句中缺少主语，且结合句意可知，主语指物，应用连接代词what作引导词。故填what。 On the first day of the Start of Autumn, usually people will weigh themselves and compare their weight to ___________ it was at the Start of Summer. 【答案】what 【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：在立秋的第一天，人们通常会称自己的体重，并与立夏时的体重进行比较。句子分析可知，“___________it was at the Start of Summer”为名词性从句作介词to的宾语，设空处引导名词性从句，在句中作表语，表示“立夏时的体重”，此宾语从句用连接代词what引导。故填what。 Many love to find out ___________ the pictures were originally taken. 易错分析：只关注句子成分而忽略句意则容易误填that。句法和句意结合是解题必不可少的。 【答案】where 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：许多人喜欢找出这些照片最初是在哪里拍摄的。分析句子结构和意思可知，空格处引导宾语从句，从句基本成分完整，上下文需要表示地点的连词，所以用where。故填where。 Phrases like “replace weapons of war with gifts of jade and silk” and “gentle as jade” perfectly show___________jade symbolizes in the minds of Chinese people. 【答案】what 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：“化干戈为玉帛”、“温柔如玉”等短语，完美地展现了玉在中国人心目中的象征。引导宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，指物，应用连接代词what引导。故填what。 表语从句引导词及三个句式易混易错点 【例3】This is___________they need an English trainer. 易错分析：表语从句三大易混句式掌握不牢，且句意理解不清。 【答案】 why 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，从句中结构完整，应该用连接副词连接，前文提到需要培训师的原因，此处是表达“这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因”之意，应用why引导表语从句。故填why。 The fresh thin air, snow-covered mountains and graceful animals running on the plains are ___________we’re here-to observe Tibetan antelopes, which are being hunted, legally, for their valuable fur. 易错分析：表语从句中往往涉及长句，则句子结构分析和句意都不可忽视。 【答案】why 【解析】考查表语从句连接词。句意：清新稀薄的空气，白雪覆盖的山脉和优雅的动物在平原上奔跑，这就是我们来到这里的原因——观察藏羚羊，它们被非法猎杀，以获取宝贵的皮毛。根据谓语动词“are”可知，空处引导表语从句，在句中作状语；根据句意，应用连接副词why，表示“我们为什么来到这里”。故填why。 It has rich cultural tourism resources as it is___________ Mount Tai rises, the Yellow River flows into the sea, and Confucius was born. 【答案】where 【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：这里是泰山的所在地、黄河入海口、孔子诞生地，文化旅游资源丰富。分析句子，设空处引导的是表语从句，引导词在从句中作地点状语，表示“在山东省这里”用where。故填where。 In my case this is___________ happened—my parents turned in to me and my needs and the shyness all but disappeared completely over time. 【答案】what 【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：就我而言，事情就是这样：我的父母向我求助，随着时间的推移，我的需求和害羞几乎完全消失了。分析句子结构，这是一个包含表语从句的复合句，空白处在表语从句中做主语，表示内容，使用what连接表语从句，故填what。 同位语从句与定语从句易混易错点 【例4】Therefore our findings raise an exciting possibility___________ we may be able to promote health and  happiness by developing positive attitudes such as optimism.” 易错分析：同位语从句经常修饰的名词记忆不牢，而且句子较长容易引起句意理解错误。 【答案】that 【解析】考查连接词。句意：因此，我们的发现提出了一种令人兴奋的可能性，即我们可以通过培养乐观等积极态度来促进健康和幸福。本句为同位语从句修饰possibility，且从句中不缺少成分，故用that引导。故填that。 Despite the fact ___________ a skywell’s size and design vary from region to region, it is almost always rectangular (长方形) and located in the core of a house. 【答案】that 【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：尽管天井的尺寸和设计因地区而异，但它几乎总是矩形的，位于房屋的核心。分析句子结构和意思可知，空格处引导同位语从句，对前面的名词fact进行解释和说明，从句基本成分完整，上下文意思连贯，用连词that引导。故填that。 My question ___________ I shall get in touch with him has not been answered. 易错分析：同位语从句引导词不仅用that，还可用其他连词如，whether, who, what, when, where等。 【答案】how 【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：我如何与他保持联系的问题还没有得到答复。分析句子结构，可知question后从句为同位语从句，根据从句结构及被修饰词question可知应使用连接副词。由句意可知填how，表示方式。 Catching sight of the sunrise and sunset, Kua Fu suddenly hit upon an idea___________he wanted to race against the sun to see who ran faster! 【答案】that 【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：看到日出和日落，夸父突然有了一个主意，他想和太阳赛跑，看谁跑得更快！idea后面接同位语从句，从句不缺少成分，且句意完整，应用that。故填that。 高考模拟试题 一、单项选择 1．（2024·天津河北·二模）Visiting the Forbidden City, I was amazed by ______ ancient Chinese architects accomplished such impressive design and construction. A．that B．what C．which D．how 【答案】D 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：游览紫禁城时，我对中国古代建筑师如何完成如此令人印象深刻的设计和建造感到惊讶。分析句子可知，介词by后接一个宾语从句，空白处在从句中作状语，表示“如何”，故应用how引导该宾语从句。故选D项。 2．（2024·天津南开·二模）This ancient vase is very special and I will do _________ I can to restore it. A．that B．which C．whatever D．whichever 【答案】C 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：这个古代花瓶非常特别，我会尽我所能来修复它。do后接宾语从句，从句中can后省略了动词do，设空处需填宾语从句引导词，且在从句中作宾语表示内容，whatever“任何一切”符合题意。故选C。 3．（2024·山东·三模）______ I have got a full mark is good news for me. A．As B．If C．Whether D．That 【答案】D 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：我得了满分这个消息对我来说是个好消息。空处引导主语从句。主语从句中不缺成分，句意完整，所以用that引导该从句。故选D。 4．（2024·山东·三模）He spends a lot of time on Tik Tok. That’s ______ his sight get worse and worse. A．because B．why C．how D．what 【答案】B 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：他在Tik Tok上花费了很多时间。这就是为什么他的视力越来越差的原因。空处需要引导表语从句。根据“He spends a lot of time on Tik Tok.”可知，表语从句需要连接副词why引导，表示“这就是为什么视力越来越差的原因”。而because引导表语从句时表示原因，how引导表语从句时表示方式，what引导表语从句时在从句中作主语或宾语等，所以A，C，D均不正确。故选B。 5．（2024·天津河西·二模）Didn’t it ever occur to you ______ the English poem was about? Understanding its theme is the most important thing. A．that B．when C．how D．what 【答案】D 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：你难道没有想到这首英文诗是关于什么的吗？理解它的主题是最重要的。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里it是形式主语，空格处引导的从句是真正的主语成分，从句缺少介词about的宾语，上下文需要“什么”的意思，用连词what引导。故选D。 6．（2024·天津河东·二模）In communicating with others, ________ works best of all, I suppose, is a smile. A．what B．that C．which D．how 【答案】A 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：在与他人交流时，我认为最有效的是微笑。此处为连接词引导的主语从句，结合句子结构可知，此处为连接代词what引导的主语从句，what在从句中作主语成分，意为“最有效的事情”。故选A项。 7．（2024·天津·二模）The scientist is conducting a research on __________ there is a relationship between sleep and memory. A．that B．what C．how D．whether 【答案】D 【详解】考查宾语从句引导词。句意：这位科学家正在研究睡眠和记忆之间是否存在关系。A. that(无意义)；B. what什么，……的事；C. how如何，怎样；D. whether是否。根据后文there is a relationship between sleep and memory可知，此处表示“有关睡眠和记忆之间是否存在关系的研究”，用whether引导。故选D。 8．（2024·天津·二模）I have come from Mr. Wang with a message ______ he was invited to attend the WISA 2023 held in Chengdu. A．that B．which C．what D．when 【答案】A 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：我从王先生那里得知一个消息，他被邀请参加在成都举行的2023年世界智能制造大会。分析句子结构可知，“______ he was invited to attend the WISA 2023 held in Chengdu”是同位语从句，解释说明message的内容，且从句中不缺少成分，句意完整，故用that引导，that在同位语从句中不作成分，无词义，只起引导作用，且不可省略。故选A项。 9．（2024·天津·一模）It remains to be seen __________ the traffic regulations will adapt to the actual situation after they are released. A．whether B．which C．that D．what 【答案】A 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：交通法规发布后是否能适应实际情况还有待观察。A. whether是否；B. which哪个；C. that那个；D. what什么。分析句子可知，It作形式主语，真正主语是后面的句子，空格处为主语从句连接词，从句不缺成分，缺“是否”含义，A项whether符合句意。故选A项。 10．（2024·天津武清·一模）If you spend equal time studying each subject, the chances are ______ you may fail in the exam. A．how B．what C．when D．that 【答案】D 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：如果你花同样的时间学习每门科目，你可能会在考试中不及格。are是系动词，“you may fail in the exam”是表语从句，从句句意完整，成分齐全，用连接词that引导，故选D。 11．（2024·天津和平·三模）How long do you think ______ the conflict between Russia and Ukraine comes to an end? A．it will be since B．will it be until C．it will be before D．will-it be when 【答案】C 【详解】考查插入语及固定句式的用法。句意：你认为俄罗斯和乌克兰之间的冲突要多久才能结束？do you think是插入语，它用疑问句的形式，后面应该用陈述语气，故排除BD；这里固定句式it will be +some time before +…表示“还要过多久才能……”。故选C。 12．（2024·天津北辰·三模）______ counts now is not to blame anyone but to make a united effort to solve the problem. A．How B．What C．That D．Which 【答案】B 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：现在重要的不是责怪任何人，而是团结一致解决问题。分析句子结构可知，该空引导主语从句，且在从句中作主语，指代事物，用连接代词What。故选B项。 13．（2024·山东泰安·一模）The question is ________ the film is worth seeing. A．where B．that C．whether D．what 【答案】C 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：问题是这部电影是否值得一看。分析句子结构可知，本空引导表语从句，从句缺少“是否”含义，应用whether引导。故选C。 14．（2024·天津河东·一模）With the high-quality development, Tianjin has taken a new look. It isn’t ______it used to be. A．what B．how C．that D．which 【答案】A 【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：随着高质量的发展，天津面貌一新。它不是以前的样子了。分析句子可知，空处引导表语从句，从句缺少表语成分，描述事物，用连接代词what引导从句。故选A项。 15．（2024·天津和平·一模）Can you fill me ______ has happened? A．in on what B．in that C．with which D．on what 【答案】A 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：你能告诉我发生了什么吗？fill sb. in on sth.为固定短语，表示“告诉某人某事件的细节”，设空处应用连接代词what (什么)引导的宾语从句，在从句中作主语，故选A项。 16．（23-24高三下·天津·一模）Dr. Hart says ______ he really admires is the way ______ she has acknowledged good health not only makes her more beautiful, but happier too. A．which, that B．that, what C．what, that D．that, which 【答案】C 【详解】考查主语从句和定语从句。句意：Hart博士说他真正钦佩的是，她认可健康的身体不仅使她更美丽，而且更快乐。分析句子可知，第一空引导主语从句，引导词在从句中作宾语，指物，应用连接代词what引导；第二空引导定语从句，先行词是way，关系词替代先行词在从句中作状语，用关系代词that引导，是固定用法。故选C。 17．（23-24·上海·三模）It was widely confirmed by scientists that that was exactly ________ global greenhouse gas emission needs to be addressed as soon as possible. A．why B．how C．when D．whether 【答案】A 【详解】考查名词性从句连接词。句意：科学家们普遍认为，这正是需要尽快解决全球温室气体排放问题的原因。A. why为什么，……的原因；B. how如何，怎样；C. when什么时候；D. whether是否。句子分析可知，“________ global greenhouse gas emission needs to be addressed as soon as possible”在that引导的主语从句中作表语，设空处在表语从句中作状语，根据句中“It was widely confirmed by scientists”以及空后“global greenhouse gas emission needs to be addressed as soon as possible”可知设空处表示“……的原因”用连接副词why。故选A。 18．（23-24·广东广州·三模）The manager put forward a suggestion ______ we should have an assistant. There is too much work to do. A．whether B．that C．which D．why 【答案】B 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：经理建议我们应该有一个助手。有太多的工作要做。分析句子可知，空处引导同位语从句，补充说明suggestion的内容，从句中结构、意义完整，应用that引导，故选B。 19．（2024·山东·一模）—__________he will want to do is nothing. —Really? It may sometimes become quite a problem. A．That B．Whether C．How D．What 【答案】D 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：——他什么也不想做。——真的？有时这可能会成为一个相当大的问题。分析句子可知，此处为连接代词what引导的主语从句，what在从句中作do的宾语，意为“做的事情”。故选D项。 20．（23-24高三上·天津二模）________ is often the case, I assume, is the fact that when looking back, the bittersweet senior life is always one’s highlight in pursuit of dream. A．As B．Which C．That D．What 【答案】D 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：我认为，往往的情况是，当回首往事时，苦乐参半的老年生活总是人们追求梦想的亮点。分析句子结构可知，I assume是插入语，“________is often the case”是主语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，应用what引导主语从句，故选D。 二、翻译 21．（23-24高三·上海宝山·三模）不管他怎么辩解，也无法说服在场的人认同他是无辜的。(persuade) 【答案】However he tried to find an excuse for himself, he couldn’t persuade the people present to believe that he was innocent. 【详解】考查状语从句，宾语从句和动词。分析所给中文句子，“不管他怎么辩解”应该用however引导的让步状语从句，主语是“他”，译为“he”，“辩解”作谓语，可翻译为“try to find an excuse for himself”描述的是已发生的事，用一般过去时，“也无法说服在场的人认同他是无辜的”作主句，主语是“他”，译为“he”，“无法说服”作谓语，根据题干要去用persuade，译为“couldn’t persuade”，“在场的人”作宾语，译为“the people present”，“认同”为不定式作宾语补足语，译为“to believe”，“他是无辜的”为that引导的宾语从句，译为“he was innocent”。故译为：However he tried to find an excuse for himself, he couldn’t persuade the people present to believe that he was innocent. 22．（23-24高三·上海宝山·二模）坦白说，你昨天在会上表达的观点还是有争议的。(controversial) 【答案】Frankly speaking, what you said at the meeting yesterday is still controversial. 【详解】考查主语从句、固定短语和时态。“坦白说”作状语，用固定短语frankly speaking，位于句首，首字母大写。主语“你昨天在会上表达的观点”用主语从句，根据“昨天”可知从句用一般过去时，故用what you said at the meeting yesterday，其中what引导主语从句，且在从句中作said的宾语。“还是有争议的”理解为“目前还是有争议的”故主句用一般现在时，故用is still controversial表示。故翻译为：Frankly speaking, what you said at the meeting yesterday is still controversial. 23．（23-24高三·上海普陀·一模）我们要关注的不是孩子们的言语，而是他们在创造性地解决问题的情况下的行动。(not...but) 【答案】What we need to focus on is not what children say, but what action they take to creatively solve problems. 【详解】考查主语从句和固定短语。此处第一个主语从句，从句缺少宾语，指事物用what；主语为we，表示“要”短语need to do sth.；表示“关注”应用focus on；表示“不是……而是……”句型为not…but…；表示“孩子们的言语”应用what children say，what引导表语从句；表示“他们在创造性地解决问题的情况下的行动”翻译为what action they take to creatively solve problems。陈述事实，时态为一般现在时。故翻译为What we need to focus on is not what children say, but what action they take to creatively solve problems. 24．（23-24高三·上海松江·二模）球员个人是否拥有出色的得分能力固然重要，但场上取胜的关键在于团队合作。(matter) 【答案】Whether a player has excellent scoring ability matters, but the key to winning on the field lies in teamwork. 【详解】考查句子结构。本句描述一般规律，用一般现在时。表示“球员个人是否拥有出色的得分能力”用whether引导主语从句，为whether a player has excellent scoring ability，表示谓语“固然重要”用动词matter的第三人称单数形式matters；表示“场上取胜的关键在于团队合作”为the key to winning on the field lies in teamwork，主语the 可以后的to是介词，介词短语to winning on the field作后置定语，动名词winning作介词宾语，动词短语lie in“在于”是固定搭配。句首字母大写，故翻译为Whether a player has excellent scoring ability matters, but the key to winning on the field lies in teamwork。 25．（2024·上海崇明·二模）毫无疑问，这个历史小镇已成为了很多游客追捧的旅游胜地。(doubt) 【答案】There’s no doubt that the historic town has become a popular tourist attraction for many tourists. 【详解】考查固定句型、名词短语和形容词。“毫无疑问”可用固定句型there’s no doubt that…，that引导同位语从句，从句描述过去发生的行为现在产生的结果，时态应用现在完成时，主语“这个历史小镇”可用名词短语the historic town，为单数，谓语“已成为了”可用动词has become，表语“很多游客追捧的旅游胜地”可用名词短语a popular tourist attraction for many tourists，其中形容词popular作修饰tourist attraction的定语。故可译为：There’s no doubt that the historic town has become a popular tourist attraction for many tourists. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$