Unit 1 Back to school Extended Reading（分层练习）- 【上好课】2024-2025学年高一英语同步精品课堂（译林版2020）

2025学年高一年级英语同步精品课堂（译林版） Unit 1 Back to School Extended Reading（解析版） 一、英汉互译 1．biology 2．exchange 3．secondary 4．a.m. 5．p.m. 6．fortunately 7．host 8．tough 9．alarm 10． n. 贡献；捐款；捐赠 11． n. 书法，书法艺术 12． vt. 吸引，使喜爱；招引；引起（反应） 13． 随着时间流逝，久而久之 14． n. 可选择的事物，选择；选修课 15． n. 黄油 【答案】 1．n. 生物学 2．n. & vt. 交换；交流；兑换 3．adj. 中学的；次要的 4．上午，午前 5．下午，午后 6．adv. 幸运地，幸亏 7．n. 主人；东道主；主持人；vt. 主办；主持 8．adj. 艰难的；严厉的；坚强的；坚固的 9．n. 闹钟；恐慌；警报；警报器；vt. 使惊恐，使害怕 10．contribution 11．calligraphy 12．attract 13．over time 14．option 15．butter 二、翻译句子 16．Class discussion is very important in the UK, but I could not make a great contribution because sometimes I wasn’t able to express myself clearly in English. (英译汉) 【答案】在英国，课堂讨论很重要，但是我做不了多大的贡献，因为有时我无法清晰地用英语表达自己的看法。 【详解】考查句子结构。分析句子可知，本句是由主句和原因状语从句构成，主句的主语是Class discussion“课堂讨论”，is为系动词，very important“很重要”是形容词作表语，in the UK“在英国”是地点状语；but“但是”表示转折，主语是 I“我”，could not make a great contribution“做不了多大的贡献”是谓语动词和宾语；because“因为”是连词，引导原因状语从句，sometimes“有时”为状语，从句中wasn’t able to express“无法表达”为谓语动词， in English“用英语”。故本句可译为：在英国，课堂讨论很重要，但是我做不了多大的贡献，因为有时我无法清晰地用英语表达自己的看法。 17．Each teacher has their own classroom and the students move around for every lesson. (英译汉) 【答案】每位老师有各自的教室，学生每节课去不同的教室。 【详解】考查句子结构。分析句子可知，本句是由2个简单句并列构成，前半句的主语是Each teacher“每位老师”，has“有”是谓语动词，their own classroom“各自的教室”是宾语；后半句的主语是the students“学生”，move around“走来走去”是谓语动词，for every lesson“每节课”是状语。故本句可译为：每位老师有各自的教室，学生每节课去不同的教室。 18．作为交换生，她发现难以适应新环境。(find it +adj.+to do) (汉译英) 【答案】As an exchange student,she finds it difficult to adapt to the new environment. 【详解】考查形式宾语，形容词和固定短语。“作为”用介词as表达，“交换生”可以用名词短语an exchange student表达，根据提示，“发现难以做某事”用it形式宾语句型表达，即find it difficult to do sth. “适应”用固定短语adapt to 表达，“环境”用environment表达。故翻译为As an exchange student,she finds it difficult to adapt to the new environment. 19．加入俱乐部是遇见英国学生并和他们交朋友的好方式。(动名词作主语)(汉译英) 【答案】Joining clubs is an amazing way to meet British students and make friends with them. 【详解】考查动词时态、非谓语动词、固定短语。表示“加入俱乐部”用join clubs，作主语，故用动名词形式Joining，位于句首，首字母大写。结合句意可知，本句陈述事实，故时态用一般现在时，且主语为Joining clubs，故系动词用is表示“是”。表示“好方式”用an amazing way，作表语，表示“遇见英国学生并和他们交朋友”用meet British students and make friends with them，作定语修饰way，故用不定式形式。其中make friends with为固定短语，表示“与……交朋友”。故翻译为Joining clubs is an amazing way to meet British students and make friends with them. 20．最后但同样重要的，你应该努力做一个全面发展的自我。(汉译英) 【答案】Last but not least, you should make an effort to be a well-rounded individual. 【详解】考查句子结构和短语。“最后但同样重要的”是固定短语Last but not least，“应该”译为should，接动词原形，“努力”译为make an effort to do sth.“努力做某事”，“做一个全面发展的自我”译为be a well-rounded individual，故译为Last but not least, you should make an effort to be a well-rounded individual. 三、用所给词的适当形式填空 21．Doctor Li made a great (contribute) to the city. 【答案】contribution 【详解】考查名词。句意：李医生对这个城市做出了很大的贡献。make a contribution to意为“对……有贡献”，此处应用名词contribution表示“贡献”作宾语。故填contribution。 22．Since I first heard English spoken by a British man, I (attract) by the beautiful language. 【答案】have been attracted 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：自从我第一次听到英国人说英语，我就被这种美丽的语言所吸引。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据上文Since I first heard English spoken by a British man可知为现在完成时的被动语态，主语为I，助动词用have。故填have been attracted。 23．In an effort (alarm) the passers-by, they put up eye-catching signs. 【答案】to alarm 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了提醒过路人，他们张贴了醒目的标志。根据固定短语“in an effort to do sth.”意为“努力做……”，该空用不定式形式。故填to alarm。 24． (fortunate), we know how to handle situations like this. 【答案】Fortunately 【详解】考查副词。句意：幸运的是，我们知道如何应对这样的情况。分析句子可知，空处应填副词fortunately作状语，置于句首，首字母大写。故填Fortunately。 25．It stopped an individual from (express) their opinions and values freely. 【答案】expressing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：它阻止了个人自由表达自己的观点和价值观。位于介词from后面，需用动名词expressing，作宾语。故填expressing。 26．He told us that in most schools, this subject was (option). 【答案】optional 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他告诉我们，在大多数学校，这门课是选修的。was为系动词，后面接形容词optional，作表语。故填optional。 27．The young man went to that city, (aim) to find a good job. 【答案】aiming 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：那个年轻人去了那个城市，目的是找一份好工作。分析句子结构可知，已有谓语动词went，空处需填非谓语动词作状语，the young man和aim为逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词形式。故填aiming。 28．Don’t lose (confident) when you fail to achieve your goal. 【答案】confidence 【详解】考查名词。句意：当你未能达到目标时，不要失去信心。空处需填名词confidence，作宾语，表抽象概念，不可数。故填confidence。 29．They stopped in their tracks and stared at him in (amaze), not knowing what to do. 【答案】amazement 【详解】考查名词。句意：他们突然停下脚步，惊奇地盯着他，不知道该怎么办才好。分析句子可知，空处作介词in的宾语，名词amazement“吃惊，惊奇”符合题意，为不可数名词，in amazement是固定短语，意为“吃惊地，惊奇地”。故填amazement。 30．As a citizen, we need to take (responsible) for advocating healthy lifestyle and looking after our own health. 【答案】responsibility 【详解】考查名词。句意：作为一名公民，我们有责任倡导健康的生活方式，照顾好自己的健康。分析句子可知，空处作take的宾语，名词responsibility“责任”符合题意，take responsibility for (doing) sth.是固定短语，意为“承担（做）某事的责任”。故填responsibility。 四、完形填空 Jenna, a popular girl from Westwood Middle School, had graduated first in her class and was ready for new 31 in high school. 32 , high school was different. In the first week, Jenna went to tryouts for cheerleaders. She was competing against very smart girls, and she knew it would be 33 for her to be selected. Two hours later, the judge read a list of the girls for a second tryout. Her heart 34 as the list ended without her name. Feeling unhappy, she walked home carrying her schoolbag full of homework. Arriving home, she started with math. She had always been a good math student, but now she was struggling. She moved on to English and history, and was 35 to find that she didn’t have any trouble with those subjects. Feeling better, she decided not to 36 the math for the time being. The next day Jenna went to see Mrs. Biden about being on the school 37 . Mrs. Biden wasn’t as warm-hearted as Jenna. “I’m sorry, but we have enough 38 for the newspaper already. Come back next year and we’ll talk then.” Jenna smiled 39 and left. “Why is high school so 40 ?” She sighed. Later in 41 class, Jenna spent more time figuring out the problems that had given her so much 42 . By the end of the class, she understood how to get them right. As she gathered her books, Jenna decided she’d continue to try to fit in at her new school. She wasn’t sure if she’d succeed, but she knew she had to 43 . High school was just as her mother had said, “You will feel like a small fish in a big pond 44 a big fish in a small pond. The challenge is to become the 45 fish you can be.” 31．A．processes B．decisions C．challenges D．exercises 32．A．Therefore B．However C．Otherwise D．Besides 33．A．interesting B．lucky C．boring D．difficult 34．A．sank B．raced C．stopped D．jumped 35．A．anxious B．disappointed C．shocked D．curious 36．A．prepare for B．worry about C．take up D．give up 37．A．newspaper B．committee C．radio D．team 38．A．speakers B．writers C．cheerleaders D．readers 39．A．widely B．brightly C．excitedly D．weakly 40．A．similar B．ordinary C．different D．familiar 41．A．physics B．history C．math D．English 42．A．pleasure B．hope C．sadness D．trouble 43．A．swim B．try C．ask D．escape 44．A．rather than B．other than C．more than D．less than 45．A．gentlest B．smallest C．slimmest D．best 【答案】 31．C 32．B 33．D 34．A 35．C 36．B 37．A 38．B 39．D 40．C 41．C 42．D 43．B 44．A 45．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了主人公Jenna在进入高中之后所经历的变化与不同以及她逐渐适应变化的过程。 31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Jenna是来自韦斯特伍德中学的一名受欢迎的女孩，她以班上第一名的成绩毕业，准备在高中迎接新的挑战。A. processes过程；B. decisions决定；C. challenges挑战；D. exercises运动。根据后文“The challenge is to become the 　　15　　 fish you can be.”可知，此处是原词复现，空处指的是迎接高中新的挑战。故选C项。 32．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，高中很不一样。A. Therefore因此；B. However然而；C. Otherwise否则；D. Besides此外。根据前文“Jenna, a popular girl from Westwood Middle School, had graduated first in her class and was ready for new 　　1　　 in high school.”与后文“high school was different.”可知，Jenna从初中毕业后满怀信心地准备迎接新挑战，高中生活和想象的并不相同。前后文存在逻辑上的转折关系，此处应用表示转折的副词。故选B项。 33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她正在与非常聪明的女孩竞争，她知道自己很难被选中。A. interesting有趣的；B. lucky幸运的；C. boring无聊的；D. difficult困难的。根据前文“She was competing against very smart girls”可知，她正在与非常聪明的女孩竞争，由此推知，她知道很难被选中。故选D项。 34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：名单上最终没有她的名字时，她的心情沉重。A. sank下沉，（心情）变得沉重；B. raced比赛；C. stopped停止；D. jumped跳跃。根据后文“as the list ended without her name”可知，她没有选拔上，所以心情沉重。故A。 35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她继续学习英语和历史，震惊地发现自己在这些科目上没有任何问题。A. anxious焦虑的；B. disappointed失望的；C. shocked震惊的；D. curious好奇的。根据前文“She had always been a good math student, but now she was struggling.”和后文“to find that she didn’t have any trouble with those subjects”可知，她曾经擅长数学，但现在感觉很吃力，在英语和历史科目上，发现没有任何问题，由此推知，她发现这个事情，感到惊讶。故选C项。 36．考查动词短语辨析。句意：她感觉好多了，决定暂时不担心数学了。A. prepare for为……做准备；B. worry about担心；C. take up从事，占据；D. give up放弃。根据前文“She moved on to English and history, and was 　　5　　 to find that she didn’t have any trouble with those subjects. Feeling better”以及后文“Jenna spent more time figuring out the problems”可知，Jenna的英语和历史科目没有问题，感觉好多了，她在数学课上花时间专心解决问题，由此推知，Jenna决定暂时不担心数学了，而是将问题放在课上解决。故选B项。 37．考查名词词义辨析。句意：第二天，Jenna去见Biden女士，讨论上校报的事。A. newspaper报纸；B. committee委员会；C. radio收音机；D. team团队。根据后文“I’m sorry, but we have enough 　　8　　 for the newspaper already.”可知，对不起，我们的报纸已经有足够的……，由此推知，此处是指报纸。故选A项。 38．考查名词词义辨析。句意：对不起，我们的报纸已经有足够的记者了。A. speakers发言者；B. writers作者；C. cheerleaders啦啦队长；D. readers读者。根据常识和前文“I’m sorry, but we have enough”以及后文“for the newspaper already”可知，报纸已经有足够的记者了。故选B项。 39．考查副词词义辨析。句意：Jenna无力地笑了笑，然后离开了。A. widely广泛地；B. brightly明亮地；C. excitedly兴奋地；D. weakly虚弱地，无力地。根据前文“I’m sorry, but we have enough 　　8　　 for the newspaper already. Come back next year and we’ll talk then.”可知，Jenna遭到了拒绝，所以她无力地一笑。故选D项。 40．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“为什么高中如此不同？”她叹了口气。A. similar相似的；B. ordinary普通的；C. different不同的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据前文“　　2　　, high school was different.”可知，Jenna感叹高中与初中完全不同。故选C项。 41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在后来的数学课上，Jenna花了更多的时间来解决那些给她带来很多麻烦的问题。A. physics物理；B. history历史；C. math数学；D. English英语。根据前文“She had always been a good math student, but now she was struggling.”可知，她一直是一名数学优秀的学生，但现在她感到很吃力。由此推知，此处是指数学课。故选C项。 42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在后来的数学课上，Jenna花了更多的时间来解决那些给她带来很多麻烦的问题。A. pleasure快乐；B. hope希望；C. sadness悲伤；D. trouble麻烦。根据前文“She had always been a good math student, but now she was struggling.”以及后文“By the end of the class, she understood how to get them right.”可知，她一直是一名优秀的数学学生，但现在她感到很吃力，在数学课结束时，她明白了如何把它们做对。由此推知，一些数学问题给她带来很多麻烦。故选D项。 43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她不确定自己是否会成功，但她知道她必须去尝试。A. swim游泳；B. try尝试；C. ask请求；D. escape逃跑。根据语境和前文“She wasn’t sure if she’d succeed, but she knew she had to”可知，此处是指，她不确定自己是否会成功，但她知道她必须去尝试。故选B项。 44．考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：你会觉得自己是一条大池塘里的小鱼，而不是一条小池塘里的大鱼。A. rather than而不是；B. other than除了；C. more than多于；D. less than少于。根据前文“a small fish in a big pond”以及后文“a big fish in a small pond”可知，前后文是对立的关系，此处应为“而不是”。故选A项。 45．考查形容词最高级词义辨析。句意：挑战是尽可能成为最好的鱼。A. gentlest最温柔的；B. smallest最小的；C. slimmest最苗条的；D. best最好的。根据前文“You will feel like a small fish in a big pond 　　14　　 a big fish in a small pond. The challenge is to become the”可知，面临的挑战就是成为池塘里最好的鱼。故选D项。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025学年高一年级英语同步精品课堂（译林版） Unit 1 Back to School Extended Reading（原卷版） 一、英汉互译 1．biology 2．exchange 3．secondary 4．a.m. 5．p.m. 6．fortunately 7．host 8．tough 9．alarm 10． n. 贡献；捐款；捐赠 11． n. 书法，书法艺术 12． vt. 吸引，使喜爱；招引；引起（反应） 13． 随着时间流逝，久而久之 14． n. 可选择的事物，选择；选修课 15． n. 黄油 二、翻译句子 16．Class discussion is very important in the UK, but I could not make a great contribution because sometimes I wasn’t able to express myself clearly in English. (英译汉) 17．Each teacher has their own classroom and the students move around for every lesson. (英译汉) 18．作为交换生，她发现难以适应新环境。(find it +adj.+to do) (汉译英) 19．加入俱乐部是遇见英国学生并和他们交朋友的好方式。(动名词作主语)(汉译英) 20．最后但同样重要的，你应该努力做一个全面发展的自我。(汉译英) 三、用所给词的适当形式填空 21．Doctor Li made a great (contribute) to the city. 22．Since I first heard English spoken by a British man, I (attract) by the beautiful language. 23．In an effort (alarm) the passers-by, they put up eye-catching signs. 24． (fortunate), we know how to handle situations like this. 25．It stopped an individual from (express) their opinions and values freely. 26．He told us that in most schools, this subject was (option). 27．The young man went to that city, (aim) to find a good job. 28．Don’t lose (confident) when you fail to achieve your goal. 29．They stopped in their tracks and stared at him in (amaze), not knowing what to do. 30．As a citizen, we need to take (responsible) for advocating healthy lifestyle and looking after our own health. 四、完形填空 Jenna, a popular girl from Westwood Middle School, had graduated first in her class and was ready for new 31 in high school. 32 , high school was different. In the first week, Jenna went to tryouts for cheerleaders. She was competing against very smart girls, and she knew it would be 33 for her to be selected. Two hours later, the judge read a list of the girls for a second tryout. Her heart 34 as the list ended without her name. Feeling unhappy, she walked home carrying her schoolbag full of homework. Arriving home, she started with math. She had always been a good math student, but now she was struggling. She moved on to English and history, and was 35 to find that she didn’t have any trouble with those subjects. Feeling better, she decided not to 36 the math for the time being. The next day Jenna went to see Mrs. Biden about being on the school 37 . Mrs. Biden wasn’t as warm-hearted as Jenna. “I’m sorry, but we have enough 38 for the newspaper already. Come back next year and we’ll talk then.” Jenna smiled 39 and left. “Why is high school so 40 ?” She sighed. Later in 41 class, Jenna spent more time figuring out the problems that had given her so much 42 . By the end of the class, she understood how to get them right. As she gathered her books, Jenna decided she’d continue to try to fit in at her new school. She wasn’t sure if she’d succeed, but she knew she had to 43 . High school was just as her mother had said, “You will feel like a small fish in a big pond 44 a big fish in a small pond. The challenge is to become the 45 fish you can be.” 31．A．processes B．decisions C．challenges D．exercises 32．A．Therefore B．However C．Otherwise D．Besides 33．A．interesting B．lucky C．boring D．difficult 34．A．sank B．raced C．stopped D．jumped 35．A．anxious B．disappointed C．shocked D．curious 36．A．prepare for B．worry about C．take up D．give up 37．A．newspaper B．committee C．radio D．team 38．A．speakers B．writers C．cheerleaders D．readers 39．A．widely B．brightly C．excitedly D．weakly 40．A．similar B．ordinary C．different D．familiar 41．A．physics B．history C．math D．English 42．A．pleasure B．hope C．sadness D．trouble 43．A．swim B．try C．ask D．escape 44．A．rather than B．other than C．more than D．less than 45．A．gentlest B．smallest C．slimmest D．best 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$