精品解析：上海市进才中学2023-2024学年高二下学期3月月考英语试题

上海市进才中学2023学年第二学期3月阶段练习 高二英语试卷 (时间120分钟，满分140分) (2024年3月) I. Listening Comprehension Section A (10 分) Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation,a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and a question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. Go to a movie. B. Visit a museum. C. Work in the library. D. Go on an excursion. 2. A. She’ ll go to get her umbrella. B. She needs to use her umbrella. C. She has also broken her umbrella. D. She loaned her umbrella to someone. 3. A. George doesn’t think Sam will win. B. George looks as strong as ever. C. Sam isn’t a strong competitor. D. Sam is going to win the race. 4. A. She is good at amusing patients. B. She manages to perform multiple roles. C. She is thinking of giving up her job. D. She should spend more time on her studies. 5. A. The old coat isn’t worth repairing. B. He can repair the hole in the coat. C. He just saw the woman’s new coat. D. The woman should fix the coat herself. 6. A. Get a job promotion. B. Open a savings account. C. Ask for a raise in salary. D. Put more effort into his work. 7. A. She could only get one ticket. B. The performance starts at eight. C. They won’t be able to sit together. D. They’ll be going on different days. 8. A. He doesn’t know Dr. Jeffery very well. B. He thought Dr. Jeffery would get the job. C. He thought it took too long to make the decision. D. He’s not sure of Dr. Jeffery’s management ability. 9. A. The meeting is likely to be well attended. B. The meeting was in room 110 the year before. C. He doesn’t know where the meeting is held either. D. He has changed his mind about attending the meeting. 10. A. It is a typical work of fiction. B. It lives up to the expectation. C. It shows the author’s imagination. D. It tells something about the author’s life. Section B(15分) Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. A man who left Africa with his family. B. A man who got his village out of poverty. C. A man who became a physicist on his own. D. A man who helped his village get electricity. 12. A. A farmer. B. A mechanic. C. A librarian. D. A writer. 13. A. They can watch TV. B. They can build a library. C. They can find the necessary parts. D. They can produce farm equipment. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. The world’s largest canals. B. How canals are constructed C. Common types of canal boats. D. How canals are used and classified. 15. A. To keep out boats that are too large for the canal. B. To measure the tonnage of canal boats. C. To change the depth of the water. D. To load and unload the goods. 16. A. As an example of the modern canal. B. As an example of the water-level canal. C. As an example of the lock canal. D. As an example of the ship canal. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. The library opens at 8:00. B. No one else has read the articles. C. None of the material he needs is available. D. Reserve materials can be taken out of the library. 18. A. They do not want to use the reference materials. B. They have been keeping the librarian busy. C. They do not arrive at the library on time. D. They have part-time jobs at the library. 19. A. He is not cooperative. B. He will be in his office all afternoon. C. He has not read any of the articles himself. D. He already brought in extra copies of the articles. 20. A. Return early the next day. B. Photocopy the articles he needs. C. Wait until the girl is finished with her article. D. Ask Professor Gilbert for a copy of the articles. II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A (10 分) Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Over the past decade or so, biologists have shown that we are filled with microbiomes (微生物组), inside and out. This microbiome, ____1____ (compose) of bacteria, fungi and viruses, profoundly influences our health and fitness and sometimes is even linked to our emotional state. The oral microbiome gets far less attention, but we ____2____ (know) of it for a long time. In 1891, US dentist Willoughby D. Miller first proposed that bacteria could leave the mouth, travel to other parts of the body and cause disease. We only began to get supporting evidence in 1989, when researchers noticed that people who had experienced a heart attack were rated as having oral health that was about twice as poor as ____3____ of a control group. Even when age, social class and smoking habits ____4____ (account) possible factors, the results remained almost the same. A solid link seemed to be there. More recently, thanks to DNA sequencing technology, by cataloguing the microbes in our mouths, we are now finding that the types of bacteria people have ____5____ (live) there seem to be associated with a growing number of conditions like cancer. Perhaps the most striking example is Alzheimer’s disease. It can be found that people with gum (牙龈) disease are ____6____ increased risk of developing this condition, which slowly robs people of their memories, personalities and cognitive function. However, until recently, it was unclear ____7____ poor oral health was a contributing cause of Alzheimer’s or a consequence of it. Then, in 2019, scientists discovered some species of bacteria known ____8____ (cause) gum disease — including one called Porphyromonas gingivalis — which are inside the brains of people who died of Alzheimer’s disease. If the mouth bacteria were getting into the brain, that lent weight to the idea that they could be a cause of Alzheimer’s. Researchers are still trying to grasp how this could happen. ____9____ the mechanism is, they note that there may be a way you can protect yourself in advance. Dental scientists at the University of Melbourne, Australia, is developing a vaccine against gum disease _____10_____ you can reduce the risks of gum diseases significantly. 【答案】1. composed 2. have known 3. that 4. were accounted 5. living 6. at 7. whether 8. to cause##to have caused 9. Whatever 10. with which##so that 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了在过去十年左右的时间里，生物学家已经证明，我们体内和体外都充满了微生物群。这种由细菌、真菌和病毒组成的微生物群深刻地影响着我们的健康和体质，有时甚至与我们的情绪状态有关。 【1题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这种由细菌、真菌和病毒组成的微生物群深刻地影响着我们的健康和体质，有时甚至与我们的情绪状态有关。短语be composed of表示“由……组成”，过去分词作后置定语。故填composed。 【2题详解】 考查时态。句意：口腔微生物群得到的关注要少得多，但我们早就知道了。根据后文for a long time可知，谓语动词know为现在完成时，主语为we，助动词用have。故填have known。 【3题详解】 考查代词。句意：直到1989年，我们才开始得到支持的证据，当时研究人员注意到，经历过心脏病发作的人被评为其口腔健康状况差是对照组的两倍。此处代指前面oral health，表示与其同类，后常有后置定语，应用代词that。故填that。 【4题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：即使考虑到年龄、社会阶层和吸烟习惯等可能的因素，结果也几乎没有变化。主语age, social class and smoking habits与谓语动词account构成被动关系，且发生在过去，用一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用复数形式。故填were accounted。 【5题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：最近，多亏了DNA测序技术，通过对我们口腔中的微生物进行分类，我们现在发现，生活在人类口腔中的细菌类型似乎与越来越多的疾病（如癌症）有关。此处live与bacteria构成逻辑主动关系，live用现在分词形式作定语。故填living。 【6题详解】 考查介词。句意：研究发现，患有牙龈疾病的人患这种疾病的风险更高，这种疾病会慢慢夺走人们的记忆、个性和认知功能。短语at increased risk of表示“高风险”。故填at。 【7题详解】 考查固定句型。句意：然而，直到最近，人们还不清楚口腔健康状况不佳是阿尔茨海默氏症的诱因还是后果。表示“是……还是……”句型为whether…or…。故填whether。 【8题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：然后，在2019年，科学家们发现了一些已知会导致牙龈疾病的细菌，包括一种叫做牙龈卟啉单胞菌的细菌，这些细菌存在于死于阿尔茨海默病的人的大脑中。短语be known to do sth.表示“……为人所熟知”，此处可用to do形式，也可理解为先于谓语动词发生，用to have done形式。故填to cause/to have caused。 9题详解】 考查状语从句。句意：无论机制如何，他们指出，可能有一种方法可以提前保护自己。引导让步状语从句，表示“无论什么”应用whatever，首字母大写。故填Whatever。 【10题详解】 考查定语从句和状语从句。句意：澳大利亚墨尔本大学的牙科科学家正在开发一种预防牙龈疾病的疫苗，这样你就可以大大降低患牙龈疾病的风险。此处可理解为“介词+关系代词”结构非限制性定语从句修饰先行词vaccine，先行词指物，表示“借助，用”应用介词with，作介词的宾语，指物应用关系代词which；或理解为目的状语从句，表示“以便”用so that。故填with which/so that。 Section B (10分) Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. applauding B. boost C. commodity D. cover E. estimate F. harmonious G. prizing H. standardized I. surfaced J. time-honored K. tune Luxury brands used to speak in monologues. However, nowadays, influencers are becoming the ambassadors of those luxurious brands. In the age of social media, the buyers are having a voice in products, in particular, the influencers. These individuals have won large followings by ____11____ and attacking occasionally a variety of products. Their fame stems from the clever use of Instagram, Snapchat or TikTok. Their posts seem trivial. Their business isn’t. For consumers, influencers are at once a walking advert and a trusted friend. For the brands, they are a(n) ____12____. And for regulators, they are the subject of ever closer review. On March 29th, news reports ____13____ that China’s authorities were planning new restrictions concerning livestreaming platforms. The limitations ____14____ how much money internet users can spend tipping their favorite influencers, how much those influencers can earn from fans and what they are allowed to post. There hardly exists any ____15____ of the size of the influencer industry. One in 2020 from the National Bureau of Statistics in China, where influencers gained prominence earlier than in the West, assessed its contribution to the economy at $210bn, equivalent to 1.4% of GDP. As with many things digital, the pandemic seems to have given it a(n) ____16____ as more people were glued to their smartphones more of the time. The influencer ecosystem is challenging the ___17___ principle of luxury-brand management. Apart from being one-directional, campaigns have tended to be ____18____, unchanging and expensive. The same smile from the same photograph of the same Hollywood star would induce passers-by to purchase an item for many years. Such star-led campaigns can be unappealing to teenagers and 20-somethings ____19____ authenticity over timeless glamour. And influencers, with their girl-or boy-next-door charm, offer this for a small portion of the fee of a big-name star. The best ones are able to repackage a brand’s message in a way that is ____20____ with their voice, their followers’ tastes and their platform of choice. So to be a top-ten brand, you have to know how to play the digital game. If you don’t, you are not going to be top ten for very long. 【答案】11. A 12. C 13. I 14. D 15. E 16. B 17. J 18. H 19. G 20. F 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文，讨论了在当前的社交媒体环境中，网红作为新兴的营销力量，正重塑着品牌与消费者之间的关系，同时也面临着监管的挑战。 【11题详解】 考查动词。句意：在社交媒体时代，买家对产品有了发言权，尤其是那些网红。这些人通过偶尔赞扬和批评各种产品赢得了大量追随者。分析句子可知，空格处为介词by的宾语，applauding“赞扬”为动词-ing形式，与attacking并列作介词by的宾语，表示有影响力者通过正面评价和批评产品来吸引关注，符合句意。故选A项。 【12题详解】 考查名词。句意：对于品牌而言，他们是一种商品。commodity意为“商品”，这里指的是网红被视为品牌营销中可交易的商品，即品牌通过与他们合作来提升产品销量，符合句意。故选C项。 【13题详解】 考查动词。句意：3月29日，新闻报道披露，中国当局正计划对直播平台实施新的限制。surfaced意为“浮现，出现”，这里指的是新闻报道开始公开，作主句谓语，后接that引导的宾语从句，符合句意。故选I项。 【14题详解】 考查动词。句意：这些限制涵盖了互联网用户可以花费多少资金给他们的最爱的网红打赏，网红可以从粉丝那里赚取多少钱，以及他们被允许发布什么内容。cover意为“覆盖，包括”，后文讲的是限制的范围和内容，符合句意。故选D项。 15题详解】 考查名词。句意：几乎没有任何关于网红行业规模的估计。estimate意为“估计”，这里指的是有对影响力者行业的经济价值的评估，符合句意。故选E项。 【16题详解】 考查名词。句意：就像许多数字化事物一样，疫情似乎为这个行业带来了增长，因为更多人花更多时间盯着智能手机。boost意为“增长，推动”，这里指的是疫情促使人们更多使用社交媒体，从而推动了网红行业的发展，符合句意。故选B项。 【17题详解】 考查形容词。句意：网红生态系统正在挑战历史悠久的奢侈品品牌管理原则。time-honored为形容词，意为“历史悠久的”，作名词“principle”的定语，这里指的是长久以来被奢侈品行业遵循的品牌管理规则，符合句意。故选J项。 【18题详解】 考查形容词。句意：除了单向性，营销活动往往标准化、不变且昂贵。standardized意为“标准化的”，这里指的是营销活动的统一性和规范性，和“unchanging”以及“expensive”一起作表语，符合句意。故选H项。 【19题详解】 考查动词-ing形式作定语。句意：这样的明星主导的活动可能对追求真实而非永恒魅力的青少年和20多岁的人没有吸引力。prizing意为“重视”，是动词ing形式作定语修饰“teenagers and 20-somethings”，表示这个年龄段的人更看重真实性，而不是明星光环，符合句意。故选G项。 【20题详解】 考查形容词。句意：最好的网红能够以一种与他们的声音、追随者的品味及其选择的平台相和谐的方式重新包装品牌的信息。harmonious意为“和谐的”，构成短语be harmonious with, 含义为“和……和谐”，这里指的是网红传递信息的方式与他们的个人风格、受众喜好和所使用的平台相匹配，符合句意。故选F项。 III. Reading Comprehension Section A (15分) Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. A cancer diagnosis will force King Charles III out of the public eye for the foreseeable future. For a highly ____21____ royal family that has cultivated its public image through countless appearances a year — ribbon-cuttings, ship launchings, gala benefits and so on — the marginalization of Charles may finally force the royals to rethink how they ____22____ themselves in a social-media age. The king’s illness is the latest ____23____ to the British royal family, which has seen its ranks thinning by death, scandal (Prince Andrew) and self-exile (流放) (Prince Harry and his wife, Meghan). Regardless of what is predicted, it appears that the king’s cancer presses the royal family into ____24____ territory. The answer to it, royal watchers argue, may be ____25____. During the coronavirus pandemic, Elizabeth conducted meeting s via Zoo m calls,becoming ____26____ enough with it that she made jokes with the digitally distorted faces on her computer screen. Social media can also be employed to enhance the ____27____ exposure of family members. The royal family’s Instagram account ____28____ more than 13 million followers. But for young people, who spend whole day following their favorite celebrities online, a royal turning up to dedicate a new primary school may not ____29____ as much as it did to their previous generations. Prince Harry, the king’s younger son, fell out bitterly with his family after his _____30_____ from royal duties and relocation to California in 2020. Undoubtedly, the greatest burden falls on the mere remaining 41-year-old heir (继承人), William, who has been recognized as a qualified successor for _____31_____ a role on issues from climate change to homelessness. Meanwhile, he has jealously guarded his family’s _____32_____, demanding his office release no photographs of three young children visiting their mother in the hospital. That approach stood _____33_____ his father, who approve the disclosure of an unusual amount of detail about his recent cancer diagnosis. The scrutiny (审查) of William will _____34_____ increase, experts said, as he occupies a more central place in the Windsor family hierarchy. Queen Elizabeth viewed assuming kingly duties as so _____35_____ that she steeled herself, two days before her death at 96, to meet with the outgoing prime minister in Scotland, masking her own condition. Charles, though, has departed from long family practice “in the hope it may assist public understanding for all those around the world who are affected by cancer.” 21. A. apparent B. controversial C. visible D. generous 22. A. project B. market C. illustrate D. propose 23. A. witness B. blow C. solution D. disloyalty 24. A. uncharted B. unnoticed C. indefensible D. inexcusable 25. A. human-initiated B. strategy-focused C. technology-driven D. goal-oriented 26. A. frustrated B. preoccupied C. content D. comfortable 27. A. in-depth B. in-person C. in-between D. in-built 28. A. claims B. calculates C. confirms D. clarifies 29. A. matter B. contribute C. relate D. bring 30. A. dismissal B. survival C. withdrawal D. renewal 31. A. carving out B. applying for C. identifying with D. reflecting on 32. A. connection B. priority C. presence D. privacy 33. A. in parallel to B. as opposed to C. on behalf of D. in honor of 34. A. scarcely B. effortlessly C. approximately D. inevitably 35. A. grave B. distinct C. exceptional D. progressive 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. A 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. D 35. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。短文介绍了查尔斯三世被诊断患癌症，这对英国王室带来了新的打击。查尔斯的边缘化可能最终会迫使王室重新思考他们在社交媒体时代如何展示自己。. 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对于一个每年通过无数次露面——剪彩、轮船下水、庆典等——来塑造公众形象的备受瞩目的王室来说，查尔斯的边缘化可能最终会迫使王室重新思考他们在社交媒体时代如何展示自己。A. apparent明显的；B. controversial有争议的；C. visible可见的，能注意到的；D. generous慷慨的。根据下文“through countless appearances a year — ribbon-cuttings, ship launchings, gala benefits”以及常识可知，王室成员的露面总是备受公众的注意。故选C项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于一个每年通过无数次露面——剪彩、轮船下水、庆典等——来塑造公众形象的备受瞩目的王室来说，查尔斯的边缘化可能最终会迫使王室重新思考他们在社交媒体时代如何展示自己。A. project展现；确立（好印象），计划；B. market推销；C. illustrate说明，加插图于；D. propose提议。根据上文可知，王室的曝光率很高，结合下文“in a social-media age”以及“which has seen its ranks thinning by death, scandal (Prince Andrew) and self-exile ( 流放 ) (Prince Harry and his wife, Meghan).”可知，查尔斯的边缘化可能最终迫使王室重新思考他们在社交媒体时代如何展示自己、确立自己良好的形象。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于死亡、丑闻（安德鲁王子）和自我流放（哈里王子和他的妻子梅根），英国王室的成员人数不断减少，国王的疾病是对英国王室的最新打击。A. witness目击者，证据；B. blow大风，强风，打击；C. solution解决措施；D. disloyalty不忠实。根据下文“has seen its ranks thinning by death, scandal (Prince Andrew) and self-exile (流放) (Prince Harry and his wife, Meghan)”以及上文“ A cancer diagnosis will force King Charles III out of the public eye for the foreseeable future.”可知，查尔斯三世被诊断患癌症对王室是一个新的打击。故选B项。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不管预测如何，看来国王的癌症将王室推向了未知的领域。A. uncharted未知的；B. unnoticed被忽视的；C. indefensible(道德上)无可辩解的，无法防守的；D. inexcusable不可原谅的。根据上文“Regardless of what is predicted”可知，国王的癌症将王室推向了未知的领域。故选A项。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：王室观察人士认为，答案可能是技术驱动的。 A. human-initiated人类触发的；B. strategy-focused以战略为中心；C. technology-driven技术驱动的；D. goal-oriented面向目标的。根据下文的举例“Elizabeth conducted meeting s via Zoom calls”以及“Social media can also be employed to enhance the ____7____ exposure of family members.”可知，答案受技术发展的影响，可能是技术驱动的。故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：冠状病毒大流行期间，伊丽莎白通过Zoom电话主持会议，她对这种方式感到非常适应，甚至用电脑屏幕上数字扭曲的脸开玩笑。A. frustrated沮丧的；B. preoccupied全神贯注的,心事重重的；C. content满意的；D. comfortable舒服的，满意的，适应的。根据下文“she made jokes with the digitally distorted faces on her computer screen.”可知，伊丽莎白对这种新方式感到非常适应。故选D项。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：社交媒体也可以用来提高家庭成员面对面的曝光率。 A. in-depth彻底的，深入详尽的；B. in-person当面的；C. in-between中间的；D. in-built内置的。根据“Social media”以及常识可知，社交媒体和技术的推动使得家庭成员面对面的接触率越来越高。故选B项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：王室的Instagram账户声称有超过1300万粉丝。A. claims声称；B. calculates计算；C. confirms确定；D. clarifies澄清。根据上文“Instagram account”以及下文“more than 13 million followers.”可知，皇室的Instagram账户声称有超过1300万粉丝。故选A项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但对于那些整天在网上追着自己喜欢的明星的年轻人来说，王室成员出席新小学的落成典礼可能没有他们的前几代人那么重要。A. matter要紧，有关系；B. contribute捐赠，捐助，贡献；C. relate使有联系；D. bring带来。根据上文“But for young people, who spend whole day following their favorite celebrities online”可知，社交媒体使追星多元化，所以王室成员出席新小学的落成典礼可能没有他们的前几代人那么重要。故选A项。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：哈里王子是英国国王的小儿子，在2020年退出王室职务并移居加州后，他与家人发生了激烈的争吵。A. dismissal开除，解雇；B. survival幸存；C. withdrawal不再参加，退出（组织），撤回；D. renewal恢复，更新。根据下文“relocation to California in 2020”可知，哈里王子在2020年退出王室职务。故选C项。 【31题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：毫无疑问，最大的负担落在仅剩的41岁的继承人威廉王子身上，他被认为是一个合格的继承人，因为他在气候变化和无家可归等问题上发挥了作用。A. carving out开创，奋斗取得，凭自身努力获得；B. applying for申请；C. identifying with与……产生共鸣，认同；D. reflecting on认真思考，反思。根据上文“who has been recognized as a qualified successor”根据下文“a role on issues from climate change to homelessness.”可知，他在气候变化和无家可归等问题上发挥了作用。故选A项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，他小心翼翼地保护着家人的隐私，要求他的办公室不要公布三个孩子去医院探望母亲的照片。A. connection联系；B. priority优先事项；C. presence出现；D. privacy隐私。根据下文“demanding his office release no photographs of three young children visiting their mother in the hospital.”可知，他保护着家人的隐私。故选D项。 【33题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：这种做法与他的父亲截然相反，他的父亲赞成披露有关他最近癌症诊断的大量细节。A. in parallel to与……平行；B. as opposed to(表示对比)而，相对于；C. on behalf of代表；D. in honor of纪念。根据上文“demanding his office release no photographs of three young children visiting their mother in the hospital”以及下文“his father, whoapprove the disclosure of an unusual amount of detail about his recent cancer diagnosis.”可知，威廉王子和他父亲的做法截然不同。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：专家表示，随着威廉王子在温莎家族中占据更核心的位置，对他的审查将不可避免地增加。A. scarcely勉强，几乎不；B. effortlessly毫不费劲地；C. approximately大约地；D. inevitably不可避免地。根据下文“as he occupies a more central place in the Windsor family hierarchy.”可知，对他的审查将不可避免地增加。故选D项。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：伊丽莎白女王认为承担国王的职责是非常严肃的，以至于在她96岁去世的前两天，她鼓起勇气在苏格兰会见了即将离任的首相，掩盖了自己的病情。A. grave严峻的，严肃的；B. distinct不同的，有区别的；C. exceptional卓越的，杰出的；D. progressive进步的，先进的。根据上文“viewed assuming kingly duties”以及“she steeled herself, two days before her death at 96, to meet with the outgoing prime minister in Scotland, masking her own condition.”可知，伊丽莎白女王非常严肃地看待承担国王的职责。故选A项。 Section B (22分) Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) First, I must get settled into school. My classes begin today at the PRIVET! Russian Academy of Language Studies, where I will be attending class five days a week, four hours a day. I know I am such a shameless student. I laid my clothes out last night, just like I did before my first day of first grade, with my patent leather shoes and my new lunch box. The last thing I want is to end up in a Level One class, which would be so humiliating for me. Given that I already took a whole entire semester of Russian at my Night School for Divorced Ladies in New York, and that I spent the summer memorizing flash cards. The thing is, I don’t even know how many levels this school has, but the me re mention of “level” sparks a resolve within me to aim for Level Two — at least. It’s such a hard test! I can’t get through even a tenth of it! In the end, it’s OK, though. So it’s hammering down rain today, but I show up early, wander about the school and smugly walk past all those Level One students (who must be cookies, really) and enter my first class. Here I am with my peers. But it becomes swiftly evident that these are not my peers and that I have no business being here. I feel like I’m swimming, but barely. Like I’m taking in water with every breath. The teacher, a skinny guy (Why are the teachers so skinny here? I don’t trust skinny Russians.), is going way too fast, is skipping over whole chapters of the textbook, saying, “You already know this, you already know that…” and keeping up a rapid-fire conversation with my apparently fluent classmates. My stomach is gripped in horror and I’m gasping for air and praying he won’t call on me. Just as soon as the break comes, I run out of that classroom on wobbling legs and I scurry all the way over to the administrative office almost in tears, where I beg in very clear English if they could please move me down to a Level One class. And so they do. And now I am here. 36. What do we know about the writer from the first two paragraphs? A. She is a newly-admitted student majoring in language teaching. B. She has no knowledge of this foreign language and is put to shame. C. She is full of anticipation and readiness for new educational pursuit. D. She attends the same school to build upon prior academic achievements. 37. What does the underlined word smugly in paragraph 5 mean? A. arrogantly B. furiously C. secretly D. nobly 38. Why does the writer withdraw from Level Two class in the end? A. The teacher singles her out for her inability to converse smoothly in foreign language. B. The age and culture divide leads to an overwhelming sense of alienation with classmates. C. The unexpected discomfort in her stomach prompts a pause in regular learning activities. D. The unthinkable difficulty in catching up with the teaching rhythm destroys confidence. 39. What might be the best title of the passage? A. Well Begun, Half Done. B. An Idle Youth, A Needy Age. C. More Haste, Less Speed. D. No Pain, No Gain. 【答案】36. C 37. A 38. D 39. C 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在开学之前想要进入二级班，通过自己的努力进入了二级班，但是在开学的第一天，作者在课堂上无法跟上教师的节奏，决定退出二级班，回到一级班的故事。 【36题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“I laid my clothes out last night, just like I did before my first day of first grade, with my patent leather shoes and my new lunch box. (昨晚我把衣服摆好了，就像我一年级第一天上学前一样，还有我的漆革鞋和我的新午餐盒。)”可知，作者在位上学前，做好充分的准备。故选C。 【37题详解】 词义猜测题。根据文章第四段“In the end, it’s OK, though. (不过，最后还是没事的。)”可知，作者认为就算没有通过考试也是没事的，所以应该是“沾沾自喜”地走过。故选A。 【38题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“The teacher, a skinny guy (Why are the teachers so skinny here? I don’t trust skinny Russians.), is going way too fast, is skipping over whole chapters of the textbook, saying, “You already know this, you already know that…” and keeping up a rapid-fire conversation with my apparently fluent classmates. (老师，一个瘦骨嶙峋的家伙(为什么这里的老师都这么瘦?我不相信瘦弱的俄罗斯人)，语速太快，跳过整章整章的教科书，说:“你已经知道这个了，你已经知道那个了……”，并与我那些看起来很流利的同学保持快速的交谈。)”可知，作者很难跟上老师的节奏，所以作者最后退出了二级班。故选D。 【39题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“The teacher, a skinny guy (Why are the teachers so skinny here? I don’t trust skinny Russians.), is going way too fast, is skipping over whole chapters of the textbook, saying, “You already know this, you already know that…” and keeping up a rapid-fire conversation with my apparently fluent classmates. My stomach is gripped in horror and I’m gasping for air and praying he won’t call on me. Just as soon as the break comes, I run out of that classroom on wobbling legs and I scurry all the way over to the administrative office almost in tears, where I beg in very clear English if they could please move me down to a Level One class. And so they do. And now I am here. (老师，一个瘦骨嶙峋的家伙(为什么这里的老师都这么瘦?我不相信瘦弱的俄罗斯人)，语速太快，跳过整章整章的教科书，说:“你已经知道这个了，你已经知道那个了……”，并与我那些看起来很流利的同学保持快速的交谈。我的胃里充满了恐惧，我大口喘气，祈祷他不要叫我。课间一到，我就摇摇晃晃地跑出教室，一路跑到行政办公室，几乎是流着泪，用非常清晰的英语请求他们把我调到一级班。他们确实这么做了。现在我在这里。)”可知，作者最终决定回到一级班，脚踏实地地学习。选项C. More Haste, Less Speed. (欲速则不达)可以作为本文的标题。故选C。 (B) I guess I was a little bored. For the past hour, I’d been on the phone with Daniele, the head of my office in Italy, reviewing our latest purchases of Italian gold, Murano glass and Italian-made shoes and handbags. “Daniele,” I said, “What is the hottest jewelry in Italy right now?” His reply? Woven gold bracelets studded with gems. He texted me some photos and I knew immediately that this was jewelry that Raffinato just had to have. RAFFINATO IS ONE OF AMERICA’S LARGEST RETAILERS OF ITALIAN-MADE JEWELRY Presenting the Italiano Fantasia Bracelets, two designs that are prime examples of Italy’s finest artisanship. Each of these bracelets includes more than 20 brilliant cut gems of DiamondAura®, our Ultimate Diamond Alternative®, in a setting finished with 18 karat Italian gold. What is DiamondAura®? It’s a sparkling marvel that rivals even the finest diamonds (D Flawless) with its transparent color and clarity: Both are so hard they can cut glass. Don’t believe me? The book “Jewelry and Gems: The Buying Guide,” praised the technique used in our diamond alternative :“The best diamond simulation to date, and even some jewelers have mistaken these stones for mined diamonds,” it raved. The best part about these bracelets? The price. Because of our longstanding connections in Arezzo, the mecca of Italian goldsmithing, we can offer both bracelets together for just $99, a fraction of the price you’ll pay anywhere else for similar jewelry. Order today. These bracelets are one of our hottest sellers this year, and with disruptions in the supply chain, we can only guarantee that we have 1,279 861 of these bracelets on hand for this ad. Jewelry Specifications: • Made in Arezzo, Italy. 18k gold finish • DiamondAura®, the Ultimate Diamond Alternative® • Fit wrists up to 7 ¼" Italian Fantasia Bracelet Collection A. X Bracelet (¼ ctw) $399 $59* Save $340 B. Woven Bracelet (⅓ ctw) $299 $69* Save $230 *special price only for customers using the offer code *an extra $50 refund for any purchase exceeding 6 pieces. 40. Which of the descriptions is true about the advertised products? A. The bracelets boast original Italian design and craftsmanship. B. There is no restriction on wrist size due to its adjustable design. C. A supply chain disruption leads to products being out of stock. D. the jewelry is framed with real diamonds of the finest quality. 41. Raffinato is mainly in charge of _________. A. invention B. production C. distribution D. exhibition 42. If a local adolescent wants to buy 2 Woven Bracelets and 3 Sets of Both as souvenir for roommates the minimum price he/she has to pay is ______. A. $295 B. $385 C. $415 D. $435 【答案】40. A 41. C 42. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍两款意大利Fantasia手镯。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。由文章中第三段“Presenting the Italiano Fantasia Bracelets, two designs that are prime examples of Italy’s finest artisanship. (展示意大利Fantasia手镯，这两种设计是意大利最优秀手工艺品的典范。)”可知，手镯采用意大利独创设计和工艺。故选A项。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。由文章中黑体字“RAFFINATO IS ONE OF AMERICA’S LARGEST RETAILERS OF ITALIAN-MADE JEWELRY (RAFFINATO是美国最大的意大利珠宝零售商之一)”可知，Raffinato主要负责分销。故选C项。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。由文章黑体字下的第三段中“Because of our longstanding connections in Arezzo, the mecca of Italian goldsmithing, we can offer both bracelets together for just $99, a fraction of the price you’ll pay anywhere else for similar jewelry. (由于我们在意大利金匠圣地阿雷佐有着长期的联系，我们只需99美元就可以同时提供两款手镯，这只是你在其他地方购买类似珠宝的价格的一小部分。)”、和下文中“B. Woven Bracelet (⅓ ctw) $299 $69* Save $230 (.编织手镯（1/3克拉）$299$69*节省$230)”以及“*an extra $50 refund for any purchase exceeding 6 pieces.(*购买超过6件可额外退款50美元。)”可知，购买2个编织手镯和3套需要花费99*3+69*2-50=385，所以最低需要支付$385。故选B项。 (C) At Cleveland Bridge, in Bath, a long line of traffic is building up. Although the Georgian structure was praised for its handsome Greek Revival style by Nikolaus Pevsner, an architectural master, it was built for horses, not cars. Repairs will close the bridge for several months, causing bigger jams and more pollution in a city where air quality is already a cause of concern. Bath is an extreme example of a tradeoff faced by much of the country. Britain has the oldest housing stock in Europe, with one in five homes more than 100 years old. Period features are valued and often protected by law. Yet as efforts to cut carbon emissions intensify, they are contradicting attempts to preserve heritage. It is a “delicate balance” says Wera Hobhouse, Bath’s Member of Parliament (议员) “What is the public benefit of dealing with the climate emergency, versus protecting a heritage asset?” Two years ago, Bath was among the first British cities to declare a “climate emergency” when it also promised to go carbon-neutral by 2030. Yet Bath also wants—and is legally required to preserve its heritage. With Roman remains and Georgian streets that spread across the Avon Valley in shades of honey and butter, the city is designated a world heritage site by UNESCO. About 60% of it is further protected by the government as a conservation area, more than 5,000 of Bath’s buildings—nearly 10% of the total—are listed as being of special architectural or historical interest, making it a criminal offence to alter them without permission. Many of the features that make Bath’s Georgian buildings so delicate also make them leaky. Buildings of traditional construction make up 30% of Bath’s housing stock but take up 40% of domestic carbon emissions, according to the Centre for Sustainable Energy, a charity. British homes are rated for energy efficiency on a scale from A to G; most traditional buildings in the city are an F or G. Transport is another area where climate and heritage clash. Bath’s 17th-century streets lack room for bike lanes. Joanna Wright was recently relieved of her role as Bath’s climate chief after proposing that North Road, which leads to the university, should be closed to traffic. In two years she was unable to install any on-street electric-vehicle charging points, partly because of the “nightmare” of getting permission to dig up old pavements. All this means going carbon neutral by 2030 looks hard, but the city is at least beginning to make compromises. In March it launched the first “clean-air zone” outside London, charging drivers to enter central Bath. A trial has made 160 electric motoreycles available to hire. And local opinion seems to be shifting in favour of sustainability. “The discussion has moved dramatically towards considering the climate emergency,” says Ms. Hobhouse. 43. What problem does Bath face? A. It is getting more and more crowded due to the maintenance work underway. B. Its housing stock with a long history are being altered without authorization. C. Its historical significance makes it hard to be reformed into an eco-friendly city. D. Its promise to go carbon-neutral by 2030 is greeted with doubt from its citizens. 44. The percentage mentioned in the underlined sentence (Paragraph 4) is intended to _________. A. highlight the long history of Bath’s building complex B. show the low energy efficiency of the historic buildings C. illustrate the delicate features that Bath’s buildings share D. challenge the validity and credibility of the A-G scale 45. Why was Joanna Wright removed from her position? A. She proposed the North Road not be accessible to the public. B. She failed to solve the conflict between transport and heritage. C. She stood right in the way of the heritage preservation efforts. D. She struggled to get authorized to dig up those old pavements. 46. What can be inferred from the passage? A. Wera Hobhouse keeps a balance between public benefit and heritage protection. B. Traditional buildings in Bath are not available to visitors not having permits. C. Bath has been setting the pace for the construction of a carbon-neutral city. D. Local people in Bath used to favor heritage conservation over sustainability. 【答案】43. C 44. B 45. B 46. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了巴斯的历史建筑遗产与气候之间产生冲突，在保护遗产资源的同时，应采取方法应对气候的紧急情况。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Repairs will close the bridge for several months, causing bigger jams and more pollution in a city where air quality is already a cause of concern.(修复工作将使大桥关闭数月，在这个空气质量已经令人担忧的城市造成更大的堵塞和更多的污染)”和第二段“Bath is an extreme example of a tradeoff faced by much of the country. Britain has the oldest housing stock in Europe, with one in five homes more than 100 years old. Period features are prized and often protected by law. Yet as efforts to cut carbon emissions intensify, they are clashing with attempts to preserve heritage. It is a “delicate balance” says Wera Hobhouse, Bath’s Member of Parliament (议员)(巴斯是该国大部分地区面临权衡取舍的一个极端例子。英国拥有欧洲最古老的房屋，五分之一的房屋超过了100年。时代特征受到重视，通常受到法律保护。然而，随着减少碳排放的努力加强，它们与保护遗产的努力发生了冲突。巴斯的国会议员维拉·霍布豪斯说，这是一种“微妙的平衡”)”可知，巴斯的历史意义使得它很难改造成一个生态友好型城市。故选C项。 【44题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“Many of the features that make Bath’s Georgian buildings so delicate also make them leaky. Buildings of traditional construction make up 30% of Bath’s housing stock but account for 40% of domestic carbon emissions, according to the Centre for Sustainable Energy, a charity.(巴斯格鲁吉亚建筑的许多特点使其如此精致，也使其存在漏洞。根据一个慈善机构，可持续能源中心的数据，传统建筑占巴斯住房存量的30%，但占国内碳排放量的40%)”可知，传统建筑只占总住房存量的30%，但是碳排放量却高达40%，句中的百分比被提及的目的是为了展示历史建筑的低能效。故选B项。 【45题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“Bath’s 17t-century streets lack room for bike lanes. Joanna Wright was recently booted out of her role as Bath’s climate chief after proposing that North Road, which leads to the university, should be closed to traffic. In two years she was unable to install any on-street electric-vehicle charging points, partly because of the “nightmare” of getting permission to dig up old pavements.(巴斯17世纪的街道没有自行车道。乔安娜·赖特最近被解除了巴斯大学气候主管的职务，因为她提议，通往该大学的北路应该禁止交通。两年内，她无法在街上安装任何电动汽车充电点，部分原因是获得挖掘旧路面的许可的“噩梦”)”可知，乔安娜·赖特无法获得挖掘旧路面的许可，未能成功挖掘旧的人行道，未提及她成功修建自行车道，她无法在街上安装电动汽车充电点，自然也就不能从街道上拆除充电点，可推测乔安娜·赖特没能解决交通和遗产之间的冲突，因此被解除了职务。故选B项。 【46题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Transport is another area where climate and heritage clash. Bath’s 17t-century streets lack room for bike lanes. Joanna Wright was recently booted out of her role as Bath’s climate chief after proposing that North Road, which leads to the university, should be closed to traffic. In two years she was unable to install any on-street electric-vehicle charging points, partly because of the “nightmare” of getting permission to dig up old pavements.(交通运输是另一个气候和传统发生冲突的领域。巴斯17世纪的街道缺乏自行车道的空间。最近，乔安娜·赖特(Joanna Wright)因提议关闭通往巴斯大学的北路(North Road)而被免去了巴斯大学气候变化负责人的职务。在两年的时间里，她无法在街道上安装任何电动汽车充电点，部分原因是要获得许可挖掘旧人行道的“噩梦”。)”以及最后一段“All this means going carbon neutral by 2030 looks hard, but the city is at least beginning to make compromises. In March it launched the first “clean-air zone” outside London, charging drivers to enter central Bath. A trial has made 160 electric motoreycles available to hire. And local opinion seems to be shifting in favour of sustainability.( 所有这些都意味着，到2030年实现碳中和看起来很难，但这座城市至少开始做出妥协。今年3月，它在伦敦以外推出了首个“清洁空气区”，向进入巴斯市中心的司机收费。一项试验已使160辆电动摩托车可供租用。而且当地的观点似乎正在转向支持可持续发展。)”可知，巴斯的当地人过去更喜欢遗产而不是可持续性。故选D项。 Section C (8分) Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Immersive Art Draws People In With bold, swirling brushstrokes (绘画技巧) and vivid colors, Vincent van Gogh’s stirring Starry Night brings to life a turbulent (汹涌的) sky. It’s one of the most recognizable paintings in the world. And gazing at the scenic canvas can make museum visitors feel starstruck. But seeing this masterpiece on a gallery wall isn’t the only way art fans can experience its impact ____47____. They find themselves surrounded by shimmering colors that dance before their eyes and ripple (涟漪) at their feet. These exhibitions digitally project moving images onto walls, floors, and sometimes onto viewers themselves. They are examples of immersive art. ____48____. While it can be hard to characterize, it’s generally a multisensory, an interactive event that engages viewers and lets them feel like part of the artwork. One thing is certain — these exhibitions have been wildly popular — selling out tickets in cities worldwide. Van Gogh gained fame only after his death. In fact, the 19th-century painter sold just one painting during his lifetime. But now he is immersive art’s biggest superstar. His work has been showcased in various exhibitions featuring immense images. ____49____. One show, Van Gogh Alive, has appeared in 65 countries since 2011. It even features a signature scent for visitors to sniff. Shows of other artists — including Monet, Renoir, and Chagall — have lit up venues, too. The popularity of immersive art has been powered party by social media. As visitors post selfies featuring van Gogh’s art or videos of friends stepping into a fantastical fridge, these experiences draw bigger and bigger crowds. ____50____. That’s because many curators and creators share a common goal — to help more people get into art! A. Immersive art doesn’t simply mean sitting in a glass case or fitting in a frame. B. The art work is animated and accompanied by music, voices, and background sound. C. In fact, some exhibits give people a chance to be enveloped by van Gogh’s celebrated painting. D. Meanwhile, traditional museums are following the trend and applying immersive technologies E Critics once described his work as a multidimensional mystery house leading to secret passages. F. More important is the ability to bridge the gap between traditional art spaces and modern audiences. 【答案】47. C 48. A 49. B 50. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种新的潮流“沉浸式艺术体验”，如文章提到的梵高作品的沉浸式体验。许多博物馆开始顺应潮流，运用沉浸式科技，策划展览，目的是为了让更多的人进入艺术领域。 【47题详解】 根据后文“They find themselves surrounded by shimmering colors that dance before their eyes and ripple (涟漪) at their feet. These exhibitions digitally project moving images onto walls, floors, and sometimes onto viewers themselves. They are examples of immersive art.(他们发现自己被闪烁的色彩所包围，这些色彩在他们眼前跳舞，在他们脚下荡漾。这些展览以数字方式将动态图像投射到墙壁、地板上，有时也投射到观众身上。它们是沉浸式艺术的例子)”可知，后文提到“他们发现自己被闪烁的色彩所包围，这些色彩在他们眼前跳舞，在他们脚下荡漾”，即说明这样的展览可以让人们置身于名画之中。故C选项“事实上，有些展览让人们有机会置身于梵高的名画之中”符合语境，故选C。 【48题详解】 根据后文“While it can be hard to characterize, it’s generally a multisensory, an interactive event that engages viewers and lets them feel like part of the artwork. One thing is certain — these exhibitions have been wildly popular — selling out tickets in cities worldwide.(虽然很难描述它的特征，但它通常是一个多感官的互动活动，吸引观众，让他们觉得自己是艺术品的一部分。有一件事是肯定的——这些展览非常受欢迎，在世界各地的城市门票都卖光了)”可知，本段主要是在介绍沉浸式艺术的特点。故A选项“沉浸式艺术并不仅仅意味着坐在玻璃柜里或装进画框里”符合语境，故选A。 【49题详解】 根据上句“His work has been showcased in various exhibitions featuring immense images.(他的作品曾在各种各样的展览中展出，有巨大的图像)”可知，本句进一步说明梵高画作的沉浸式展出效果。故B选项“他的艺术作品是动画和伴随着音乐，声音，和背景声音”符合语境。故选B。 【50题详解】 根据后一句“That’s because many curators and creators share a common goal — to help more people get into art!(因为许多策展人和创作者都有一个共同的目标——让更多的人进入艺术领域)”可知，本句主要说明为了让更多人认识艺术做出了努力。故D选项“Meanwhile, traditional museums are following the trend and applying immersive technologies.(与此同时，传统博物馆也在顺应潮流，运用沉浸式技术)”符合语境，故选D。 IV. Summary Writing (10 分) 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point (s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Preventing Resistance The development of drug-resistant pathogens (病原体) can be prevented in at least three ways. First, sufficiently high concentrations of the drug can be maintained in a patient’s body for a long enough time to kill all sensitive cells and hold others long enough for the body’s defenses to defeat them. Discontinuing a drug before all of the pathogens have been neutralized promotes the development of resistance. For this reason, it is important that patients finish their entire antimicrobial prescription (抗菌药物) and resist the temptation to “save some for another day.” A second way to prevent resistance is to use antimicrobial agents in combination so that pathogens resistant to one drug will be killed by the second, and vice versa. Additionally, one drug sometimes enhances the effect of a second drug in a process called synergism. Enhanced effect can also result from combining an antimicrobial drug and a chemical. A third way to reduce the development of resistance is to limit the use of antimicrobials to necessary cases. Unfortunately, many antimicrobial agents are used indiscriminately, in both developed countries and in lessdeveloped regions where many are available without a physician’s prescription. In the United States, an estimated 50 percent of prescriptions for antibacterial agents to treat sore throats and 30 percent of prescriptions for ear infections, are inappropriate because the diseases are viral in nature. Likewise, because antibacterial drugs have no effect on cold and flu viruses, 100 percent of antibacterial prescriptions for treating diseases are unnecessary. As discussed previously, the use of antimicrobial agents encourages the reproduction of resistant bacteria by limiting the growth of sensitive cells; therefore, inappropriate use of such drugs increases the likelihood that resistance of bacteria will multiply. In order to maintain the effectiveness of antimicrobial treatments, responsible practices must be implemented. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】There are three ways to prevent pathogens from developing resistance to drugs. First, patients should take all the drugs as directed by doctors. Second, several antimicrobial agents can be used together to ensure the effect of drug taking. Finally, it is important to guarantee that antimicrobials are used only for necessary cases. Responsible practices are keys to treatment effectiveness. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，有三种方法可以防止病原体产生抗药性。首先，病人应该按照医生的指示服用所有的药物。其次，几种抗菌药物可以同时使用，保证服药效果。最后，重要的是要保证仅在必要的情况下使用抗菌素。负责任的做法是治疗效果的关键。 【详解】1.要点摘录 ①The development of drug-resistant pathogens (病原体) can be prevented in at least three ways. ②For this reason, it is important that patients finish their entire antimicrobial prescription (抗菌药物) and resist the temptation to “save some for another day.” ③A second way to prevent resistance is to use antimicrobial agents in combination so that pathogens resistant to one drug will be killed by the second, and vice versa. ④A third way to reduce the development of resistance is to limit the use of antimicrobials to necessary cases. ⑤In order to maintain the effectiveness of antimicrobial treatments, responsible practices must be implemented. 2.缜密构思 将第1、2、3、4、5五个要点进行整合。 3.遣词造句 There are three ways in which we can prevent pathogens from developing resistance to drugs. Finally, it is important that we guarantee that antimicrobials are used only for necessary cases. It is responsible practices that are keys to treatment effectiveness. 【点睛】[高分句型1] First, patients should take all the drugs as directed by doctors. (运用了状语从句中的省略) [高分句型2] Finally, it is important to guarantee that antimicrobials are used only for necessary cases. (运用了that引导的宾语从句) V. Translation (15分) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 你要认识到：如果感觉困难，放平心态，那是因为它真的很难。(take) (汉译英) _____________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Recognize that/You have to realize that if it feels difficult, take it easy, because it is really difficult. 【解析】 【详解】考查宾语从句，条件状语从句，原因状语从句，时态和固定短语。整个句子描述一般事实，用一般现在时，“你要认识到”可以译为“You have to realize that”或者祈使句“Recognize that”，that引导宾语从句；“如果感觉困难“可以用if引导条件状语从句，“感觉困难”译为“feel difficult”，主语是事情用it指代，所以译为“it feels difficult”；“放平心态”用固定短语take it easy，这里是祈使句，用动词原形；“那是因为它真的很难”用because引导原因状语从句，译为“because it is really difficult”，故整句翻译为Recognize that/You have to realize that if it feels difficult, take it easy, because it is really difficult. 53. 这个旅行发烧友如愿以偿在社群中找到了一个很合得来的旅游搭子。(share) (汉译英) _____________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】This travel enthusiast managed to find a travel companion who shared common interest(s) with him in the community as expected. 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句、时态。“这个旅行发烧友”可译为“this travel enthusiast”；“如愿以偿”可译为“manage to do... as expected”，因句子表示是过去发生的动作，谓语动词使用一般过去时；“找到”可译为“find”；“旅游搭子”可译为“travel companion”；“合得来”可译为“share common interest(s) with”，该表达为定语从句，修饰先行词travel companion，因先行词在定语从句中做主语指人，使用关系代词who引导定语从句；“在社群中”可译为“in the community”。故翻译为：This travel enthusiast managed to find a travel companion who shared common interest(s) with him in the community as expected. 54. 从小县城发家，这家公司以其独到眼光、先进产品、创新人才，在短短十年内成为行业翘楚。(originate) (汉译英) _____________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Originating from a small county, this company has become a leader in the industry in just ten years with its unique/distinctive vision, advanced products, and innovative talent. 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态和非谓语动词。表示“从……发家”应用originate from，此处需用非谓语动词作状语，this company和originate from为逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词形式；表示“一个小县城”应用a small county；表示“这家公司”应用this company；表示“成为行业翘楚”应用become a leader in the industry，此处表示过去发生的事情对现在产生影响，使用现在完成时，主语为this company，助动词用has；表示“在短短十年内”应用in just ten years；表示“以其独到眼光、先进产品、创新人才”应用with its unique/distinctive vision, advanced products, and innovative talent。故翻译成：Originating from a small county, this company has become a leader in the industry in just ten years with its unique/distinctive vision, advanced products, and innovative talent.。 55. 汪小姐踌躇满志、废寝忘食，想找到一家愿意与她合作的牛仔裤加工厂为其生意注入新鲜活力，不料四处碰壁。(only) (汉译英) _____________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Miss Wang was ambitious to find a jeans processing plant that was willing to cooperate with her to breathe new life into her business, forgetting all about eating and sleeping, only to be rejected/to be turned down by everyone/everywhere. 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语、定语从句、非谓语动词和时态。根据句意以及句子的提示词可知，表示“雄心壮志做某事”应为动词短语be ambitious to do sth.；表示“牛仔裤加工厂”应为名词短语a jeans processing plant；后接关系代词that引导的限制性定语从句对先行词plant进行修饰限定，在该定语从句中，that替代指物的先行词在从句中作主语，表示“愿意做某事”应为动词短语be willing to do sth.；表示“与……合作”应为动词短语cooperate with；后接动词不定式to do作目的状语；表示“为她的生意注入新的活力”应为动词短语breathe new life into her business；后接非谓语动词作状语，表示“废寝忘食”应为动词短语forget all about eating and sleeping，此处forget和逻辑主语Miss Wang为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式；后接only+动词不定式to do作结果状语，表示出乎意料的结果，表示“四处碰壁”可用动词短语be rejected by everyone/everywhere / be turned down by everyone/everywhere (被所有人拒绝/任何地方)翻译；结合句意可知，该句应为陈述过去发生的事情，为一般过去时。故翻译为：Miss Wang was ambitious to find a jeans processing plant that was willing to cooperate with her to breathe new life into her business, forgetting all about eating and sleeping, only to be rejected/to be turned down by everyone/everywhere. VI. Guided Writing (25分) 56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120- 150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你的英国朋友 Lucy 所在的学校要组织来中国进行主题夏令营活动，可以选择以下三个主题之一：1.传统书法体验(calligraphy)；2.茶文化探索；3.中华美食制作。Lucy来信希望你能给她推荐一个，请你给她回信，内容包括： 1.你的建议 2.你的理由 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Dear Lucy, I am glad that you are going to take part in summer camps in China. Of the three themes, I suggest that you should choose to learn calligraphy. My reasons are as follows. In the beginning, it is easy to learn calligraphy. Calligraphy can help you build up inner beauty and make you become more versatile. What’s more, calligraphy is popular among Chinese people. By participating in the calligraphy training class, not only can you make some friends with the same interest but also you can get some professional guidance and improve your skills. I hope you will enjoy your summer camp. I am looking forward to meeting you in China. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国朋友 Lucy 回信，给她推荐一个夏令营活动主题，并介绍推荐理由。 【详解】1.词汇积累 高兴的：glad→pleased 参加：take part in→participate in 此外：what’s more→besides 希望：hope→wish 2.句式拓展 合并简单句 原句： In the beginning, it is easy to learn calligraphy. Calligraphy can help you build up inner beauty and make you become more versatile. 拓展句： In the beginning, it is easy to learn calligraphy, which can help you build up inner beatuty and make you become more versatile. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Of the three themes, I suggest that you should choose to learn calligraphy. （运用了that引导宾语从句，从句使用虚拟语气） 【高分句型2】 By participating in the calligraphy training class, not only can you make some friends with the same interest but also you can get some professional guidance and improve your skills.（运用了not only提到句首，句子使用部分倒装结构） 听力1-5 DBDBA 6-10 BCBAD 11-13 DBA 14-16 DCB 17-20 CBDA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 上海市进才中学2023学年第二学期3月阶段练习 高二英语试卷 (时间120分钟，满分140分) (2024年3月) I. Listening Comprehension Section A (10 分) Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation,a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and a question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. Go to a movie. B. Visit a museum. C. Work in the library. D. Go on an excursion. 2. A. She’ ll go to get her umbrella. B. She needs to use her umbrella. C. She has also broken her umbrella. D. She loaned her umbrella to someone. 3. A. George doesn’t think Sam will win. B. George looks as strong as ever. C. Sam isn’t a strong competitor. D. Sam is going to win the race. 4. A. She is good at amusing patients. B. She manages to perform multiple roles. C. She is thinking of giving up her job. D. She should spend more time on her studies. 5. A. The old coat isn’t worth repairing. B. He can repair the hole in the coat. C. He just saw the woman’s new coat. D. The woman should fix the coat herself. 6. A. Get a job promotion. B. Open a savings account. C. Ask for a raise in salary. D. Put more effort into his work. 7. A. She could only get one ticket. B. The performance starts at eight. C. They won’t be able to sit together. D. They’ll be going on different days. 8. A. He doesn’t know Dr. Jeffery very well. B. He thought Dr. Jeffery would get the job. C. He thought it took too long to make the decision. D. He’s not sure of Dr. Jeffery’s management ability. 9. A. The meeting is likely to be well attended. B. The meeting was in room 110 the year before. C. He doesn’t know where the meeting is held either. D. He has changed his mind about attending the meeting. 10. A. It is a typical work of fiction. B. It lives up to the expectation. C. It shows the author’s imagination. D. It tells something about the author’s life. Section B(15分) Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. A man who left Africa with his family. B. A man who got his village out of poverty. C. A man who became a physicist on his own. D. A man who helped his village get electricity. 12. A. A farmer. B. A mechanic. C. A librarian. D. A writer. 13. A. They can watch TV. B. They can build a library. C. They can find the necessary parts. D. They can produce farm equipment. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. The world’s largest canals. B. How canals are constructed C Common types of canal boats. D. How canals are used and classified. 15 A. To keep out boats that are too large for the canal. B. To measure the tonnage of canal boats. C. To change the depth of the water. D. To load and unload the goods. 16. A. As an example of the modern canal. B. As an example of the water-level canal. C. As an example of the lock canal. D. As an example of the ship canal. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. The library opens at 8:00. B. No one else has read the articles. C. None of the material he needs is available. D. Reserve materials can be taken out of the library. 18. A. They do not want to use the reference materials. B They have been keeping the librarian busy. C. They do not arrive at the library on time. D. They have part-time jobs at the library. 19. A. He is not cooperative. B. He will be in his office all afternoon. C. He has not read any of the articles himself. D. He already brought in extra copies of the articles. 20 A. Return early the next day. B. Photocopy the articles he needs. C. Wait until the girl is finished with her article. D. Ask Professor Gilbert for a copy of the articles. II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A (10 分) Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Over the past decade or so, biologists have shown that we are filled with microbiomes (微生物组), inside and out. This microbiome, ____1____ (compose) of bacteria, fungi and viruses, profoundly influences our health and fitness and sometimes is even linked to our emotional state. The oral microbiome gets far less attention, but we ____2____ (know) of it for a long time. In 1891, US dentist Willoughby D. Miller first proposed that bacteria could leave the mouth, travel to other parts of the body and cause disease. We only began to get supporting evidence in 1989, when researchers noticed that people who had experienced a heart attack were rated as having oral health that was about twice as poor as ____3____ of a control group. Even when age, social class and smoking habits ____4____ (account) possible factors, the results remained almost the same. A solid link seemed to be there. More recently, thanks to DNA sequencing technology, by cataloguing the microbes in our mouths, we are now finding that the types of bacteria people have ____5____ (live) there seem to be associated with a growing number of conditions like cancer. Perhaps the most striking example is Alzheimer’s disease. It can be found that people with gum (牙龈) disease are ____6____ increased risk of developing this condition, which slowly robs people of their memories, personalities and cognitive function. However, until recently, it was unclear ____7____ poor oral health was a contributing cause of Alzheimer’s or a consequence of it. Then, in 2019, scientists discovered some species of bacteria known ____8____ (cause) gum disease — including one called Porphyromonas gingivalis — which are inside the brains of people who died of Alzheimer’s disease. If the mouth bacteria were getting into the brain, that lent weight to the idea that they could be a cause of Alzheimer’s. Researchers are still trying to grasp how this could happen. ____9____ the mechanism is, they note that there may be a way you can protect yourself in advance. Dental scientists at the University of Melbourne, Australia, is developing a vaccine against gum disease _____10_____ you can reduce the risks of gum diseases significantly. Section B (10分) Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. applauding B. boost C. commodity D. cover E. estimate F. harmonious G. prizing H. standardized I. surfaced J. time-honored K. tune Luxury brands used to speak in monologues. However, nowadays, influencers are becoming the ambassadors of those luxurious brands. In the age of social media, the buyers are having a voice in products, in particular, the influencers. These individuals have won large followings by ____11____ and attacking occasionally a variety of products. Their fame stems from the clever use of Instagram, Snapchat or TikTok. Their posts seem trivial. Their business isn’t. For consumers, influencers are at once a walking advert and a trusted friend. For the brands, they are a(n) ____12____. And for regulators, they are the subject of ever closer review. On March 29th, news reports ____13____ that China’s authorities were planning new restrictions concerning livestreaming platforms. The limitations ____14____ how much money internet users can spend tipping their favorite influencers, how much those influencers can earn from fans and what they are allowed to post. There hardly exists any ____15____ of the size of the influencer industry. One in 2020 from the National Bureau of Statistics in China, where influencers gained prominence earlier than in the West, assessed its contribution to the economy at $210bn, equivalent to 1.4% of GDP. As with many things digital, the pandemic seems to have given it a(n) ____16____ as more people were glued to their smartphones more of the time. The influencer ecosystem is challenging the ___17___ principle of luxury-brand management. Apart from being one-directional, campaigns have tended to be ____18____, unchanging and expensive. The same smile from the same photograph of the same Hollywood star would induce passers-by to purchase an item for many years. Such star-led campaigns can be unappealing to teenagers and 20-somethings ____19____ authenticity over timeless glamour. And influencers, with their girl-or boy-next-door charm, offer this for a small portion of the fee of a big-name star. The best ones are able to repackage a brand’s message in a way that is ____20____ with their voice, their followers’ tastes and their platform of choice. So to be a top-ten brand, you have to know how to play the digital game. If you don’t, you are not going to be top ten for very long. III. Reading Comprehension Section A (15分) Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. A cancer diagnosis will force King Charles III out of the public eye for the foreseeable future. For a highly ____21____ royal family that has cultivated its public image through countless appearances a year — ribbon-cuttings, ship launchings, gala benefits and so on — the marginalization of Charles may finally force the royals to rethink how they ____22____ themselves in a social-media age. The king’s illness is the latest ____23____ to the British royal family, which has seen its ranks thinning by death, scandal (Prince Andrew) and self-exile (流放) (Prince Harry and his wife, Meghan). Regardless of what is predicted, it appears that the king’s cancer presses the royal family into ____24____ territory. The answer to it, royal watchers argue, may be ____25____. During the coronavirus pandemic, Elizabeth conducted meeting s via Zoo m calls,becoming ____26____ enough with it that she made jokes with the digitally distorted faces on her computer screen. Social media can also be employed to enhance the ____27____ exposure of family members. The royal family’s Instagram account ____28____ more than 13 million followers. But for young people, who spend whole day following their favorite celebrities online, a royal turning up to dedicate a new primary school may not ____29____ as much as it did to their previous generations. Prince Harry, the king’s younger son, fell out bitterly with his family after his _____30_____ from royal duties and relocation to California in 2020. Undoubtedly, the greatest burden falls on the mere remaining 41-year-old heir (继承人), William, who has been recognized as a qualified successor for _____31_____ a role on issues from climate change to homelessness. Meanwhile, he has jealously guarded his family’s _____32_____, demanding his office release no photographs of three young children visiting their mother in the hospital. That approach stood _____33_____ his father, who approve the disclosure of an unusual amount of detail about his recent cancer diagnosis. The scrutiny (审查) of William will _____34_____ increase, experts said, as he occupies a more central place in the Windsor family hierarchy. Queen Elizabeth viewed assuming kingly duties as so _____35_____ that she steeled herself, two days before her death at 96, to meet with the outgoing prime minister in Scotland, masking her own condition. Charles, though, has departed from long family practice “in the hope it may assist public understanding for all those around the world who are affected by cancer.” 21. A. apparent B. controversial C. visible D. generous 22. A. project B. market C. illustrate D. propose 23. A. witness B. blow C. solution D. disloyalty 24. A. uncharted B. unnoticed C. indefensible D. inexcusable 25. A. human-initiated B. strategy-focused C. technology-driven D. goal-oriented 26. A. frustrated B. preoccupied C. content D. comfortable 27. A. in-depth B. in-person C. in-between D. in-built 28. A. claims B. calculates C. confirms D. clarifies 29. A. matter B. contribute C. relate D. bring 30. A. dismissal B. survival C. withdrawal D. renewal 31. A. carving out B. applying for C. identifying with D. reflecting on 32. A. connection B. priority C. presence D. privacy 33. A. in parallel to B. as opposed to C. on behalf of D. in honor of 34. A. scarcely B. effortlessly C. approximately D. inevitably 35. A. grave B. distinct C. exceptional D. progressive Section B (22分) Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) First, I must get settled into school. My classes begin today at the PRIVET! Russian Academy of Language Studies, where I will be attending class five days a week, four hours a day. I know I am such a shameless student. I laid my clothes out last night, just like I did before my first day of first grade, with my patent leather shoes and my new lunch box. The last thing I want is to end up in a Level One class, which would be so humiliating for me. Given that I already took a whole entire semester of Russian at my Night School for Divorced Ladies in New York, and that I spent the summer memorizing flash cards. The thing is, I don’t even know how many levels this school has, but the me re mention of “level” sparks a resolve within me to aim for Level Two — at least. It’s such a hard test! I can’t get through even a tenth of it! In the end, it’s OK, though. So it’s hammering down rain today, but I show up early, wander about the school and smugly walk past all those Level One students (who must be cookies, really) and enter my first class. Here I am with my peers. But it becomes swiftly evident that these are not my peers and that I have no business being here. I feel like I’m swimming, but barely. Like I’m taking in water with every breath. The teacher, a skinny guy (Why are the teachers so skinny here? I don’t trust skinny Russians.), is going way too fast, is skipping over whole chapters of the textbook, saying, “You already know this, you already know that…” and keeping up a rapid-fire conversation with my apparently fluent classmates. My stomach is gripped in horror and I’m gasping for air and praying he won’t call on me. Just as soon as the break comes, I run out of that classroom on wobbling legs and I scurry all the way over to the administrative office almost in tears, where I beg in very clear English if they could please move me down to a Level One class. And so they do. And now I am here. 36. What do we know about the writer from the first two paragraphs? A. She is a newly-admitted student majoring in language teaching. B. She has no knowledge of this foreign language and is put to shame. C. She is full of anticipation and readiness for new educational pursuit. D. She attends the same school to build upon prior academic achievements. 37. What does the underlined word smugly in paragraph 5 mean? A. arrogantly B. furiously C. secretly D. nobly 38. Why does the writer withdraw from Level Two class in the end? A. The teacher singles her out for her inability to converse smoothly in foreign language. B. The age and culture divide leads to an overwhelming sense of alienation with classmates. C. The unexpected discomfort in her stomach prompts a pause in regular learning activities. D. The unthinkable difficulty in catching up with the teaching rhythm destroys confidence. 39. What might be the best title of the passage? A. Well Begun, Half Done. B. An Idle Youth, A Needy Age. C. More Haste, Less Speed. D. No Pain, No Gain. (B) I guess I was a little bored. For the past hour, I’d been on the phone with Daniele, the head of my office in Italy, reviewing our latest purchases of Italian gold, Murano glass and Italian-made shoes and handbags. “Daniele,” I said, “What is the hottest jewelry in Italy right now?” His reply? Woven gold bracelets studded with gems. He texted me some photos and I knew immediately that this was jewelry that Raffinato just had to have. RAFFINATO IS ONE OF AMERICA’S LARGEST RETAILERS OF ITALIAN-MADE JEWELRY Presenting the Italiano Fantasia Bracelets, two designs that are prime examples of Italy’s finest artisanship. Each of these bracelets includes more than 20 brilliant cut gems of DiamondAura®, our Ultimate Diamond Alternative®, in a setting finished with 18 karat Italian gold. What is DiamondAura®? It’s a sparkling marvel that rivals even the finest diamonds (D Flawless) with its transparent color and clarity: Both are so hard they can cut glass. Don’t believe me? The book “Jewelry and Gems: The Buying Guide,” praised the technique used in our diamond alternative :“The best diamond simulation to date, and even some jewelers have mistaken these stones for mined diamonds,” it raved. The best part about these bracelets? The price. Because of our longstanding connections in Arezzo, the mecca of Italian goldsmithing, we can offer both bracelets together for just $99, a fraction of the price you’ll pay anywhere else for similar jewelry. Order today. These bracelets are one of our hottest sellers this year, and with disruptions in the supply chain, we can only guarantee that we have 1,279 861 of these bracelets on hand for this ad. Jewelry Specifications: • Made in Arezzo, Italy. 18k gold finish • DiamondAura®, the Ultimate Diamond Alternative® • Fit wrists up to 7 ¼" Italian Fantasia Bracelet Collection A. X Bracelet (¼ ctw) $399 $59* Save $340 B. Woven Bracelet (⅓ ctw) $299 $69* Save $230 *special price only for customers using the offer code *an extra $50 refund for any purchase exceeding 6 pieces. 40. Which of the descriptions is true about the advertised products? A. The bracelets boast original Italian design and craftsmanship. B. There is no restriction on wrist size due to its adjustable design. C. A supply chain disruption leads to products being out of stock. D. the jewelry is framed with real diamonds of the finest quality. 41. Raffinato is mainly in charge of _________. A. invention B. production C. distribution D. exhibition 42. If a local adolescent wants to buy 2 Woven Bracelets and 3 Sets of Both as souvenir for roommates, the minimum price he/she has to pay is ______. A. $295 B. $385 C. $415 D. $435 (C) At Cleveland Bridge, in Bath, a long line of traffic is building up. Although the Georgian structure was praised for its handsome Greek Revival style by Nikolaus Pevsner, an architectural master, it was built for horses, not cars. Repairs will close the bridge for several months, causing bigger jams and more pollution in a city where air quality is already a cause of concern. Bath is an extreme example of a tradeoff faced by much of the country. Britain has the oldest housing stock in Europe, with one in five homes more than 100 years old. Period features are valued and often protected by law. Yet as efforts to cut carbon emissions intensify, they are contradicting attempts to preserve heritage. It is a “delicate balance” says Wera Hobhouse, Bath’s Member of Parliament (议员) “What is the public benefit of dealing with the climate emergency, versus protecting a heritage asset?” Two years ago, Bath was among the first British cities to declare a “climate emergency” when it also promised to go carbon-neutral by 2030. Yet Bath also wants—and is legally required to preserve its heritage. With Roman remains and Georgian streets that spread across the Avon Valley in shades of honey and butter, the city is designated a world heritage site by UNESCO. About 60% of it is further protected by the government as a conservation area, more than 5,000 of Bath’s buildings—nearly 10% of the total—are listed as being of special architectural or historical interest, making it a criminal offence to alter them without permission. Many of the features that make Bath’s Georgian buildings so delicate also make them leaky. Buildings of traditional construction make up 30% of Bath’s housing stock but take up 40% of domestic carbon emissions, according to the Centre for Sustainable Energy, a charity. British homes are rated for energy efficiency on a scale from A to G; most traditional buildings in the city are an F or G. Transport is another area where climate and heritage clash. Bath’s 17th-century streets lack room for bike lanes. Joanna Wright was recently relieved of her role as Bath’s climate chief after proposing that North Road, which leads to the university, should be closed to traffic. In two years she was unable to install any on-street electric-vehicle charging points, partly because of the “nightmare” of getting permission to dig up old pavements. All this means going carbon neutral by 2030 looks hard, but the city is at least beginning to make compromises. In March it launched the first “clean-air zone” outside London, charging drivers to enter central Bath. A trial has made 160 electric motoreycles available to hire. And local opinion seems to be shifting in favour of sustainability. “The discussion has moved dramatically towards considering the climate emergency,” says Ms. Hobhouse. 43. What problem does Bath face? A. It is getting more and more crowded due to the maintenance work underway. B. Its housing stock with a long history are being altered without authorization. C Its historical significance makes it hard to be reformed into an eco-friendly city. D. Its promise to go carbon-neutral by 2030 is greeted with doubt from its citizens. 44. The percentage mentioned in the underlined sentence (Paragraph 4) is intended to _________. A. highlight the long history of Bath’s building complex B. show the low energy efficiency of the historic buildings C. illustrate the delicate features that Bath’s buildings share D. challenge the validity and credibility of the A-G scale 45. Why was Joanna Wright removed from her position? A. She proposed the North Road not be accessible to the public. B. She failed to solve the conflict between transport and heritage. C. She stood right in the way of the heritage preservation efforts. D. She struggled to get authorized to dig up those old pavements. 46. What can be inferred from the passage? A. Wera Hobhouse keeps a balance between public benefit and heritage protection. B. Traditional buildings in Bath are not available to visitors not having permits. C. Bath has been setting the pace for the construction of a carbon-neutral city. D. Local people in Bath used to favor heritage conservation over sustainability. Section C (8分) Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Immersive Art Draws People In With bold, swirling brushstrokes (绘画技巧) and vivid colors, Vincent van Gogh’s stirring Starry Night brings to life a turbulent (汹涌的) sky. It’s one of the most recognizable paintings in the world. And gazing at the scenic canvas can make museum visitors feel starstruck. But seeing this masterpiece on a gallery wall isn’t the only way art fans can experience its impact ____47____. They find themselves surrounded by shimmering colors that dance before their eyes and ripple (涟漪) at their feet. These exhibitions digitally project moving images onto walls, floors, and sometimes onto viewers themselves. They are examples of immersive art. ____48____. While it can be hard to characterize, it’s generally a multisensory, an interactive event that engages viewers and lets them feel like part of the artwork. One thing is certain — these exhibitions have been wildly popular — selling out tickets in cities worldwide. Van Gogh gained fame only after his death. In fact, the 19th-century painter sold just one painting during his lifetime. But now he is immersive art’s biggest superstar. His work has been showcased in various exhibitions featuring immense images. ____49____. One show, Van Gogh Alive, has appeared in 65 countries since 2011. It even features a signature scent for visitors to sniff. Shows of other artists — including Monet, Renoir, and Chagall — have lit up venues, too. The popularity of immersive art has been powered party by social media. As visitors post selfies featuring van Gogh’s art or videos of friends stepping into a fantastical fridge, these experiences draw bigger and bigger crowds. ____50____. That’s because many curators and creators share a common goal — to help more people get into art! A. Immersive art doesn’t simply mean sitting in a glass case or fitting in a frame. B. The art work is animated and accompanied by music, voices, and background sound. C. In fact, some exhibits give people a chance to be enveloped by van Gogh’s celebrated painting. D. Meanwhile, traditional museums are following the trend and applying immersive technologies E. Critics once described his work as a multidimensional mystery house leading to secret passages. F. More important is the ability to bridge the gap between traditional art spaces and modern audiences. IV. Summary Writing (10 分) 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point (s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Preventing Resistance The development of drug-resistant pathogens (病原体) can be prevented in at least three ways. First, sufficiently high concentrations of the drug can be maintained in a patient’s body for a long enough time to kill all sensitive cells and hold others long enough for the body’s defenses to defeat them. Discontinuing a drug before all of the pathogens have been neutralized promotes the development of resistance. For this reason, it is important that patients finish their entire antimicrobial prescription (抗菌药物) and resist the temptation to “save some for another day.” A second way to prevent resistance is to use antimicrobial agents in combination so that pathogens resistant to one drug will be killed by the second, and vice versa. Additionally, one drug sometimes enhances the effect of a second drug in a process called synergism. Enhanced effect can also result from combining an antimicrobial drug and a chemical. A third way to reduce the development of resistance is to limit the use of antimicrobials to necessary cases. Unfortunately, many antimicrobial agents are used indiscriminately, in both developed countries and in lessdeveloped regions where many are available without a physician’s prescription. In the United States, an estimated 50 percent of prescriptions for antibacterial agents to treat sore throats and 30 percent of prescriptions for ear infections, are inappropriate because the diseases are viral in nature. Likewise, because antibacterial drugs have no effect on cold and flu viruses, 100 percent of antibacterial prescriptions for treating diseases are unnecessary. As discussed previously, the use of antimicrobial agents encourages the reproduction of resistant bacteria by limiting the growth of sensitive cells; therefore, inappropriate use of such drugs increases the likelihood that resistance of bacteria will multiply. In order to maintain the effectiveness of antimicrobial treatments, responsible practices must be implemented. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ V. Translation (15分) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 你要认识到：如果感觉困难，放平心态，那是因为它真的很难。(take) (汉译英) _____________________________________________________________________________ 53. 这个旅行发烧友如愿以偿在社群中找到了一个很合得来的旅游搭子。(share) (汉译英) _____________________________________________________________________________ 54. 从小县城发家，这家公司以其独到眼光、先进产品、创新人才，在短短十年内成为行业翘楚。(originate) (汉译英) _____________________________________________________________________________ 55. 汪小姐踌躇满志、废寝忘食，想找到一家愿意与她合作的牛仔裤加工厂为其生意注入新鲜活力，不料四处碰壁。(only) (汉译英) _____________________________________________________________________________ VI. Guided Writing (25分) 56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120- 150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你的英国朋友 Lucy 所在的学校要组织来中国进行主题夏令营活动，可以选择以下三个主题之一：1.传统书法体验(calligraphy)；2.茶文化探索；3.中华美食制作。Lucy来信希望你能给她推荐一个，请你给她回信，内容包括： 1.你的建议 2.你的理由 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 听力1-5 DBDBA 6-10 BCBAD 11-13 DBA 14-16 DCB 17-20 CBDA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$