专题18：高中新题型之完形填空（初高考点差异及衔接）-2024年初升高英语无忧衔接（上海专用）

专题18：高中新题型之完形填空 （初高考点差异及衔接） 初中要求 上海初中完形填空文体:说明文为主、议论文、记叙文为辅; 文本设置6个挖空点。 高中要求 上海高中英语完形填空，语篇较长，说明文或议论文居多，挖空点15个。备选项以实词为主；命题主要思路：语义优先于语法原则；上下文语境分析原则。 【初中考点聚焦】 一：初中完形填空题型呈现以下特点: 1. 文体:说明文为主、议论文、记叙文为辅; 文本设置6个挖空点。 2. 话题:涉及青少年成长、科技发明、社会现象、教育引导等含哲理及教育意义的语篇; 3. 词数和段落:词数: 250~330个，生词0~2个; 段落: 以4~6段居多; 4. 微技能: 语境推断、 词汇复现、逻辑推理、生活/文化常识。 二：初中完形填空题型考点主要分布情况: 备选项以实词为主，主要以名词、动词、形容词为多、少量涉及副词、连词、介词短语及动词短语辨析。 【示例】 Rita and Richard have lived next door to each other as long as they can remember. When they were little children, they were good friends, though they sometimes fought over toys or 65 about what games they would play. As they grew older, they played together less. Rita preferred to be with girls and Richard preferred to play with boys. When they were about fifteen years old, they almost 66 speaking to each other, not because they had disagreed with each other about anything, but because they belonged to different groups. Rita had begun to study French, and she liked it. In addition, she liked television programs, and she was 67 watching football games very much. Her mother used to say, “Rita, I’ve never heard of a girl who likes football as much as you do.” She 68 did not approve of(赞同) her daughter’s interest. Football, she felt, was for men and boys. While Rita was working on her French lessons or watching football games on TV, Richard was working for his father in his store after school. He liked selling things to people. His father found Richard is so 69 that he thought about offering him a higher pay. When Richard wasn’t working at the store, he would like to be with a group of his boy friends who were organizing a sports team. In fact, it was football that brought Rita and Richard back together. When Richard was going home one afternoon, he looked in the window of Rita’s living room and he saw that she was watching a football game on TV. He walked up and knocked at the door. Rita was 70 to see him, but she asked him to come in, and they watched the rest of the game together. Rita and Richard are good friends again. They still have different ideas about things sometimes, but they agree with each other that football is the world’s best game. 65. A．argued B．learnt C．worried D．talked 66. A．stopped B．practiced C．kept D．finished 67. A．busy with B．ready for C．keen on D．good at 68. A．suddenly B．simply C．immediately D．probably 69. A．interesting B．thankful C．different D．helpful 70. A．disappointed B．surprised C．afraid D．unhappy 【高中考点聚焦】 考纲解读 上海高考英语完形填空，语篇较长，说明文或议论文居多，挖空点15个。不仅考查学生对词汇、语法等基础知识的综合运用能力，而且考查学生的逻辑推理和篇章结构理解能力。历年完形填空选材科学，结构清晰，主题明显，但文章阅读难易度指数(Readability)一般较大，区分度高，是历年高考得分率较低的题型之一。备选项以实词为主，涉及名、动、形、副四类词，有时亦会考察逻辑衔接词或短语，突出词汇等选项在语境及篇章结构环境下的最优匹配。命题主要思路：语义优先于语法原则；上下文语境分析原则。 考点清单 · 考向一：[句内层次题]　 完形填空文章的上下文之间以及句子内部之间往往有着一定的逻辑关系，它使句子的各个成分之间形成一定的对应关系。考生可以根据这种逻辑关系找出与未知填空相对应的已知成分，将它作为线索，通过它推断出未知填空的答案。 [示例]　A pupil who can do his homework in a quiet and 59 room is in a much better position than a pupil who does his homework in a small, noisy room with the television on. 59. A. furnished B. expensive C. comfortable D. suitable · 考向二：[句组层次题]　 比句内层次题稍难一级的题目，其解题信息分布在空格前后的一组意群之中，解题时需前瞻后顾，综合意群信息解答。即：本句信息不足填，空格前后再找信息源。 [示例]The United States does not have a government office that regulates the film industry. Government, (1) _________, does link with the movie business in several ways. 1. A. therefore B. moreover C. however D. otherwise · 考向三：【语篇层次题】 语篇层次题要求考生理解整篇文章，抓住全文的脉络、作者的思想、意图或主人公的心理，然后进行准确的推理、判断，从而做出正确的选择。这类题难度较大，一篇完形填空中，大约有2～3道此类题。不急于解答，读完全文后综合思维再做判定。语篇层次题的解答必须立足于整个语篇，因此在解题时对这类题目不能急于解答，要跨越段落，顺藤摸瓜，仔细比对，最终得出答案。具体来说，可以利用以下3种方法解答此类题目。 [示例] The first attempt of even the most talented artists, musicians, and writers is seldom a masterpiece, If you consider your drafts as dress rehearsals (彩排), or tryouts, revising will seem a natural part of the writing 50 . What is the purpose of the dress rehearsals and the out-of-town previews that many Broadway shows go through? The answer is adding, deleting, replacing, reordering, 51. in other words revising. Andrew Lloyd Webber's musical Phantom of the Opera underwent such a process. 50. A. technique B. style C. process D. career How to Care for Your Tree 1. Water the newly planted tree. Once the tree is planted, water it and keep up a 1 schedule of watering. Water the tree every day for several weeks to let the 2 get established in the surrounding soil. After this you can reduce the frequency of watering. Water as necessary for the conditions in your area. 3 humidity into consideration to help you decide 4 to water your tree. If you are planting fruit or nut trees for a small home orchard, continue to water weekly for the 5 of the tree, as your crop depends on consistent irrigation. You’ll also want to fertilize fruit and nut trees monthly, or 6 package directions. 2. Use mulch (覆盖物). Considering adding a layer of mulch 7 your tree to help keep moisture in and weeds out. Cover the planting hole with 1-3 inches of shredded hardwood or leaf mulch. Keep the mulch at least 12 inches away from the trunk 8 it may cause the trunk to rot. Mulching around the tree will 9 the tree from trampling and lawnmowers, 10 are two activities that commonly kill young trees. 3. Prune the tree if necessary. If there are any broken, dead, or diseased limbs on your tree,   11 them gently with knife. If there is nothing wrong with the tree, there is no need to prune it until after the first growing season. 4. Enjoy the tree as it grows over the years. Appreciate its 12 and beauty and thank yourself for adding another tree to the world. You won’t regret it and 13 you properly care for it, the tree can grow long time! You’ll need to make sure that you water your plant to keep it thriving. You want to achieve 14 of giving it enough water to penetrate (穿透) the roots while not drowning it. Watering your tree with a steady stream from a garden hose for about 30 seconds should be sufficient. The soil should feel moist at all times and mulch will help retain the moisture. Check soil moisture by digging about 2 inches below the surface and then use your 15 to test if the soil is moist. If it is, you don’t need to water. 1．A．native B．particular C．regular D．positive 2．A．twigs B．barks C．trunk D．roots 3．A．Give B．Take C．Think D．Look 4．A．when B．why C．how D．what 5．A．life B．color C．shape D．beauty 6．A．related to B．due to C．owing to D．according to 7．A．around B．across C．beside D．along 8．A．so B．and C．or D．if 9．A．protect B．provide C．plant D．grow 10．A．for which B．which C．that D．on that 11．A．water B．remove C．treat D．handle 12．A．color B．landscape C．shade D．scene 13．A．as long as B．even if C．in spite of D．in terms of 14．A．unity B．fact C．chance D．balance 15．A．ruler B．finger C．hand D．stick 一、完形填空 Most people believe they don’t have much imagination. They are 1 . Everyone has imagination, but most of us, once we become adults, forget how to 2 it. Creativity isn’t always 3 with great works of art or ideas. People at work and in their free time often 4 creative ways to solve problems. Maybe you have a goal to achieve, a tricky question to answer or you just want to expand your mind! Here are three techniques to help you. Making connections! This technique involves taking 5 ideas and trying to find links between them. First, think about the problem you have to solve or the job you need to do. Then find an image, word, idea or object, for example, a candle. Write down all the idea or words 6 with candles: light, fire, matches, night, silence, etc. The next stage is to relate the 7 to the job you have to do. So imagine you want to buy a friend an original 8 ; you could buy him tickets to match or take him out for the night. NO limits! Imagine that normal limitations don’t 9 . You have as much time, space, money, etc. as you want. Think about your goal and the new 10 . If your goal is to learn to ski, 11 , you can now practise skiing every day of your life (because you have the time and the money). Now 12 this to reality. Maybe you can practise skiing ever day in December, or every Monday in January. Be someone else! Look at the situation from a 13 point of view. Good businessmen use this technique in trade, and so do writers. Fiction writers often imagine they are the 14 in their books. They ask question: What does this character want? Why can’t she get it? What changes must she make to get what she wants? If your goal 15 other people, put yourself in their positions. The best fishermen think like fish! 1．A．wrong B．unbelievable C．reasonable D．realistic 2．A．put up with B．catch up with C．make use of D．keep track of 3．A．equipped B．compared C．covered D．connected 4．A．regard B．think of C．consider D．look upon 5．A．familiar B．unrelated C．creative D．imaginary 6．A．presented B．marked C．lit D．associated 7．A．ideas B．ambitions C．achievement D．technique 8．A．experience B．service C．present D．object 9．A．work B．last C．exist D．change 10．A．possibilities B．limitations C．tendency D．practice 11．A．in fact B．in particular C．as a whole D．for example 12．A．devote B．adapt C．lead D．keep 13．A．private B．global C．different D．practical 14．A．features B．themes C．creatures D．characters 15．A．involves B．occupies C．includes D．contains 二、完形填空 You may know the saying, “Don’t judge a book by its cover.” It 1 the idea behind the Living Library project. Like 2 library, a Living Liberty offers readers books, except that these “books” can 3 to you. But these living books are not like anything from a(n) 4 movie — they are people like you and me. The Living Library project was started in 2000 by a group of young people in Denmark. They wanted to reduce 5 and encourage understanding between people, and they had the idea of bringing together some very different people to communicate 6 . These living books were from different cultural backgrounds, nations, educational levels, religions and 7 . Reading living books is very 8 : Each book can talk with readers face to face, and sometimes a small group of readers can read one book together. The book and the reader(s) 9 and share different thoughts, ideas, lifestyles and so on. The project began to gain in 10 in other parts of the world and was introduced to China in 2009. This past April, a wave of Living Library events was held in more than 20 Chinese cities. In Guangzhou, for example, 50 living books were presented to 200 readers. The event was divided into four rounds; each lasted 40 minutes. In each round, 11 eight readers would read one book together. One of the living books, Tang, suffered from depression. She talked about her experience of fighting depression and also pointed out a problem: People’s 12 about mental illnesses was preventing many patients from getting treatment in time. In Living Library events like this one, it is not one person 13 another, but someone introducing others to a different idea or way of life. Everyone can raise questions and everyone is 14 . “Everyone is a book,” said Liu Qiongxiong, the organizer of the event in Guangzhou. “By reading others we can better understand each other and 15 .” 1．A．challenges B．talks about C．makes use of D．sums up 2．A．the other B．any other C．another D．each other 3．A．convey B．relate C．talk D．donate 4．A．sci-fi B．comedy C．horror D．action 5．A．prejudices B．differences C．violence D．change 6．A．fairly B．silently C．equally D．seriously 7．A．locations B．occasions C．schools D．professions 8．A．simple B．difficult C．complex D．shallow 9．A．test B．organize C．dismiss D．discuss 10．A．control B．popularity C．access D．time 11．A．up to B．all C．at least D．only 12．A．curiously B．questions C．hesitation D．misunderstanding 13．A．fighting B．challenging C．teaching D．criticizing 14．A．judged B．respected C．ranked D．numbered 15．A．regulations B．inequalities C．characters D．ourselves 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题18：高中新题型之完形填空 （初高考点差异及衔接） 初中要求 上海初中完形填空文体:说明文为主、议论文、记叙文为辅; 文本设置6个挖空点。 高中要求 上海高中英语完形填空，语篇较长，说明文或议论文居多，挖空点15个。备选项以实词为主；命题主要思路：语义优先于语法原则；上下文语境分析原则。 【初中考点聚焦】 一：初中完形填空题型呈现以下特点: 1. 文体:说明文为主、议论文、记叙文为辅; 文本设置6个挖空点。 2. 话题:涉及青少年成长、科技发明、社会现象、教育引导等含哲理及教育意义的语篇; 3. 词数和段落:词数: 250~330个，生词0~2个; 段落: 以4~6段居多; 4. 微技能: 语境推断、 词汇复现、逻辑推理、生活/文化常识。 二：初中完形填空题型考点主要分布情况: 备选项以实词为主，主要以名词、动词、形容词为多、少量涉及副词、连词、介词短语及动词短语辨析。 【示例】 Rita and Richard have lived next door to each other as long as they can remember. When they were little children, they were good friends, though they sometimes fought over toys or 65 about what games they would play. As they grew older, they played together less. Rita preferred to be with girls and Richard preferred to play with boys. When they were about fifteen years old, they almost 66 speaking to each other, not because they had disagreed with each other about anything, but because they belonged to different groups. Rita had begun to study French, and she liked it. In addition, she liked television programs, and she was 67 watching football games very much. Her mother used to say, “Rita, I’ve never heard of a girl who likes football as much as you do.” She 68 did not approve of(赞同) her daughter’s interest. Football, she felt, was for men and boys. While Rita was working on her French lessons or watching football games on TV, Richard was working for his father in his store after school. He liked selling things to people. His father found Richard is so 69 that he thought about offering him a higher pay. When Richard wasn’t working at the store, he would like to be with a group of his boy friends who were organizing a sports team. In fact, it was football that brought Rita and Richard back together. When Richard was going home one afternoon, he looked in the window of Rita’s living room and he saw that she was watching a football game on TV. He walked up and knocked at the door. Rita was 70 to see him, but she asked him to come in, and they watched the rest of the game together. Rita and Richard are good friends again. They still have different ideas about things sometimes, but they agree with each other that football is the world’s best game. 65. A．argued B．learnt C．worried D．talked 66. A．stopped B．practiced C．kept D．finished 67. A．busy with B．ready for C．keen on D．good at 68. A．suddenly B．simply C．immediately D．probably 69. A．interesting B．thankful C．different D．helpful 70. A．disappointed B．surprised C．afraid D．unhappy 【答案】 65．A 66．A 67．C 68．B 69．D 70．B 【分析】 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了两个从小一起玩儿的好朋友，随着长大逐渐疏远，后来他们通过共同的爱好——足球又回到最初的故事。 65． 句意：当他们小的时候，是好朋友，尽管他们有时会争抢玩具或者争论玩什么游戏。 argued争论；learnt学习，了解；worried担心，着急；talked谈话。根据“fought over toys”可知，他们小时候会打架会争吵，故选A。 66． 句意：大约15岁的时候，他们几乎不再和彼此说话，不是因为对于不同的事情有不同意见，而是因为他们属于不同的圈子。 stopped停止；practiced练习；kept保持；finished完成。根据“but because they belonged to different groups”可知，他们长大后各自有不同的圈子，就停止和对方说话，故选A。 67． 句意：此外，她喜欢看电视节目，并热衷于观看足球比赛。 busy with忙于；ready for准备好；keen on热衷于，喜爱；good at擅长。根据“a girl who likes football”可知，她喜欢看足球比赛，故选C。 68． 句意：她只是不赞同女儿的兴趣。 suddenly突然；simply只是，仅仅；immediately立刻；probably可能。根据“Football, she felt, was for men and boys.”可知，妈妈只是不赞同，故选B。 69． 句意：Richard的爸爸发现他如此有帮助以至于想给他更高的工资。 interesting有趣的；thankful感激的；different不同的；helpful有用的，有帮助的。根据“he thought about offering him a higher pay”可知，Richard在生意上对爸爸很有帮助，故选D。 70． 句意：Rita见到他很惊讶，但让他进来了，他们一起观看了剩余的比赛。 disappointed失望的；surprised惊讶的；afraid害怕的；unhappy不开心的。根据前文可知，Richard和Rita以前很疏远，几乎不说话，所以这次Richard来到Rita家，Rita很惊讶，故选B。 【高中考点聚焦】 考纲解读 上海高考英语完形填空，语篇较长，说明文或议论文居多，挖空点15个。不仅考查学生对词汇、语法等基础知识的综合运用能力，而且考查学生的逻辑推理和篇章结构理解能力。历年完形填空选材科学，结构清晰，主题明显，但文章阅读难易度指数(Readability)一般较大，区分度高，是历年高考得分率较低的题型之一。备选项以实词为主，涉及名、动、形、副四类词，有时亦会考察逻辑衔接词或短语，突出词汇等选项在语境及篇章结构环境下的最优匹配。命题主要思路：语义优先于语法原则；上下文语境分析原则。 考点清单 · 考向一：[句内层次题]　 完形填空文章的上下文之间以及句子内部之间往往有着一定的逻辑关系，它使句子的各个成分之间形成一定的对应关系。考生可以根据这种逻辑关系找出与未知填空相对应的已知成分，将它作为线索，通过它推断出未知填空的答案。 [示例]　A pupil who can do his homework in a quiet and 59 room is in a much better position than a pupil who does his homework in a small, noisy room with the television on. 59. A. furnished B. expensive C. comfortable D. suitable 【答案】C [解析]该题利用相似短语之间的对比关系来命题。设空部分与下文的a small, noisy room with the television on存在对比关系。作者想借此说明“相同的作业”对于“不同家庭背景的学生”所表现出的事实上的不公平。答案C。 · 考向二：[句组层次题]　 比句内层次题稍难一级的题目，其解题信息分布在空格前后的一组意群之中，解题时需前瞻后顾，综合意群信息解答。即：本句信息不足填，空格前后再找信息源。 [示例]The United States does not have a government office that regulates the film industry. Government, (1) _________, does link with the movie business in several ways. 1. A. therefore B. moreover C. however D. otherwise 【解析】：A. therefore, 因此；B. moreover, 而且，此外；C. however, 然而；D. otherwise, 否则， 不然的话。根据关键信息 “... does not have ... , _________, does link with ...”可知本空 要填转折词，故填C。 · 考向三：【语篇层次题】 语篇层次题要求考生理解整篇文章，抓住全文的脉络、作者的思想、意图或主人公的心理，然后进行准确的推理、判断，从而做出正确的选择。这类题难度较大，一篇完形填空中，大约有2～3道此类题。不急于解答，读完全文后综合思维再做判定。语篇层次题的解答必须立足于整个语篇，因此在解题时对这类题目不能急于解答，要跨越段落，顺藤摸瓜，仔细比对，最终得出答案。具体来说，可以利用以下3种方法解答此类题目。 [示例] The first attempt of even the most talented artists, musicians, and writers is seldom a masterpiece, If you consider your drafts as dress rehearsals (彩排), or tryouts, revising will seem a natural part of the writing 50 . What is the purpose of the dress rehearsals and the out-of-town previews that many Broadway shows go through? The answer is adding, deleting, replacing, reordering, 51. in other words revising. Andrew Lloyd Webber's musical Phantom of the Opera underwent such a process. 50. A. technique B. style C. process D. career [解析]：参照下文第二段最后一句的“Andrew Lloyd Webber's musical Phantom of the Opera underwent such a process.”可知答案C。process这个单词在下文复现。 How to Care for Your Tree 1. Water the newly planted tree. Once the tree is planted, water it and keep up a 1 schedule of watering. Water the tree every day for several weeks to let the 2 get established in the surrounding soil. After this you can reduce the frequency of watering. Water as necessary for the conditions in your area. 3 humidity into consideration to help you decide 4 to water your tree. If you are planting fruit or nut trees for a small home orchard, continue to water weekly for the 5 of the tree, as your crop depends on consistent irrigation. You’ll also want to fertilize fruit and nut trees monthly, or 6 package directions. 2. Use mulch (覆盖物). Considering adding a layer of mulch 7 your tree to help keep moisture in and weeds out. Cover the planting hole with 1-3 inches of shredded hardwood or leaf mulch. Keep the mulch at least 12 inches away from the trunk 8 it may cause the trunk to rot. Mulching around the tree will 9 the tree from trampling and lawnmowers, 10 are two activities that commonly kill young trees. 3. Prune the tree if necessary. If there are any broken, dead, or diseased limbs on your tree,   11 them gently with knife. If there is nothing wrong with the tree, there is no need to prune it until after the first growing season. 4. Enjoy the tree as it grows over the years. Appreciate its 12 and beauty and thank yourself for adding another tree to the world. You won’t regret it and 13 you properly care for it, the tree can grow long time! You’ll need to make sure that you water your plant to keep it thriving. You want to achieve 14 of giving it enough water to penetrate (穿透) the roots while not drowning it. Watering your tree with a steady stream from a garden hose for about 30 seconds should be sufficient. The soil should feel moist at all times and mulch will help retain the moisture. Check soil moisture by digging about 2 inches below the surface and then use your 15 to test if the soil is moist. If it is, you don’t need to water. 1．A．native B．particular C．regular D．positive 2．A．twigs B．barks C．trunk D．roots 3．A．Give B．Take C．Think D．Look 4．A．when B．why C．how D．what 5．A．life B．color C．shape D．beauty 6．A．related to B．due to C．owing to D．according to 7．A．around B．across C．beside D．along 8．A．so B．and C．or D．if 9．A．protect B．provide C．plant D．grow 10．A．for which B．which C．that D．on that 11．A．water B．remove C．treat D．handle 12．A．color B．landscape C．shade D．scene 13．A．as long as B．even if C．in spite of D．in terms of 14．A．unity B．fact C．chance D．balance 15．A．ruler B．finger C．hand D．stick 【答案】 1．C 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．A 6．D 7．A 8．C 9．A 10．B 11．B 12．C 13．A 14．D 15．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一些照料树的方法。 1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一旦树种好了，就给它浇水，并定期浇水。A. native当地的；B. particular特别的；C. regular定期的，定时的；D. positive积极的。根据空后的“schedule of watering”和下文中的“the frequency of watering”可知，这里表示要定期浇水。故选C。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：连续几周每天给树浇水，让根系在周围的土壤中生根。A. twigs细枝，小枝；B. barks树皮；C. trunk树干；D. roots根，根茎。根据空后的“get established in the surrounding soil”可知，这里表示让树根在周围的土壤中生根。故选D。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：考虑湿度，以帮助你决定何时给树浇水。A. Give给；B. Take拿，使达到，对待；C. Think思考；D. Look看。根据空后的“humidity into consideration”可知，这里表示将湿度考虑进去。take...into consideration意为“考虑到”。故选B。 4．考查疑问词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. when何时；B. why为什么；C. how如何；D. what什么。根据前文中的“Water as necessary for the conditions in your area.(为了你地区的条件在必要时浇水。)”可知，根据树的环境，在必要时浇水，在浇水的时候要考虑湿度，这样可以知道什么时候有必要浇水。故选A。 5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你正在为一个小的家庭果园种植果树或坚果树，在树的生命周期内继续每周浇水，因为你的作物依赖于持续的灌溉。A. life生命；B. color颜色；C. shape形状；D. beauty美丽。根据句中的“your crop depends on consistent irrigation”可知，树依赖持续的灌溉，所以要在树的一生中继续每周浇水。故选A。 6．考查介词短语辨析。句意：你还需要每月或按照包装说明给果树和坚果树施肥。A. related to与……相关；B. due to因为；C. owing to因为；D. according to根据，按照。根据空后的“package directions”可知，这里指按照肥料包装上的说明定期施肥。故选D。 7．考查介词词义辨析。句意：考虑在你的树周围加一层覆盖物，以帮助保持水分和防止产生杂草。A. around围绕；B. across横过；C. beside在旁边（或附近）；D. along沿着。根据下文中的“Mulching around the tree”可知，要在树的周围加一层覆盖物。故选A。 8．考查连词词义辨析。句意：将覆盖物与树干保持至少12英寸的距离，否则可能会导致树干腐烂。A. so因此；B. and而且；C. or或者，否则；D. if如果。“Keep the mulch at least 12 inches away from the trunk”和“it may cause the trunk to rot”之间是相反的关系，所以应用表示“否则”的or连接。故选C。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在树周围覆盖可以保护树免受践踏和割草机的伤害，这两种活动通常会杀死幼树。A. protect保护；B. provide提供；C. plant种植；D. grow成长。根据空后的“the tree from trampling and lawnmowers”可知，这里指保护树免受践踏和割草机的伤害。protect...from...意为“保护……免受……”。故选A。 10．考查连词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. for which为“介词+which”结构，引导非限制性定语从句时通常表示原因；B. which引导非限制性定语从句时先行词指物或前面的整个主句；C. that不能引导非限制性定语从句；D. on that结构不正确，that不能引导非限制性定语从句，且that引导定语从句时不能位于介词后面。分析句子结构，空处引导的是非限制性定语从句，先行词指trampling and lawnmowers，所以应用which引导。故选B。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你的树上有任何破损、死亡或患病的树枝，用刀轻轻地将其移除。A. water浇水；B. remove去掉，去除；C. treat对待，治疗；D. handle处理。根据前文中的“Prune the tree if necessary.(必要时修剪树木。)”可知，这里表示去除有破损、死亡或患病的树枝。故选B。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：欣赏它的树阴和美丽，并感谢自己为世界增添了另一棵树。A. color颜色；B. landscape风景；C. shade（树）阴；D. scene现场。根据前文中的“Enjoy the tree as it grows over the years. (随着这棵树多年来的成长，欣赏它。)”、空前的“Appreciate its”并结合常识可知，多年以后树长大了，可以欣赏它的树阴。故选C。 13．考查连词和介词短语辨析。句意：你不会后悔的，只要你好好照顾它，这棵树可以长得很久！A. as long as只要；B. even if即使；C. in spite of即使；D. in terms of就……而言。分析句子结构，空处引导一个状语从句。根据句意，这里表示只要你好好照顾这颗树，它就能活很久，所以应用as long as引导条件状语从句。故选A。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：你想要达到平衡，给它足够的水来穿透根部，同时又不会淹没它。A. unity统一；B. fact事实；C. chance机会；D. balance均衡，平衡。根据空后的“giving it enough water to penetrate(穿透) the roots while not drowning it”可知，浇灌足够的水来穿透根部，同时又不会淹没它，这里是一种平衡。故选D。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在地下挖掘约2英寸，检查土壤湿度，然后用手指测试土壤是否潮湿。A. ruler直尺；B. finger手指；C. hand手；D. stick枝条，棍。根据句中的“digging about 2 inches below the surface”并结合常识可知，挖开测试土壤湿度时通常用手指，故选B。 一、完形填空 Most people believe they don’t have much imagination. They are 1 . Everyone has imagination, but most of us, once we become adults, forget how to 2 it. Creativity isn’t always 3 with great works of art or ideas. People at work and in their free time often 4 creative ways to solve problems. Maybe you have a goal to achieve, a tricky question to answer or you just want to expand your mind! Here are three techniques to help you. Making connections! This technique involves taking 5 ideas and trying to find links between them. First, think about the problem you have to solve or the job you need to do. Then find an image, word, idea or object, for example, a candle. Write down all the idea or words 6 with candles: light, fire, matches, night, silence, etc. The next stage is to relate the 7 to the job you have to do. So imagine you want to buy a friend an original 8 ; you could buy him tickets to match or take him out for the night. NO limits! Imagine that normal limitations don’t 9 . You have as much time, space, money, etc. as you want. Think about your goal and the new 10 . If your goal is to learn to ski, 11 , you can now practise skiing every day of your life (because you have the time and the money). Now 12 this to reality. Maybe you can practise skiing ever day in December, or every Monday in January. Be someone else! Look at the situation from a 13 point of view. Good businessmen use this technique in trade, and so do writers. Fiction writers often imagine they are the 14 in their books. They ask question: What does this character want? Why can’t she get it? What changes must she make to get what she wants? If your goal 15 other people, put yourself in their positions. The best fishermen think like fish! 1．A．wrong B．unbelievable C．reasonable D．realistic 2．A．put up with B．catch up with C．make use of D．keep track of 3．A．equipped B．compared C．covered D．connected 4．A．regard B．think of C．consider D．look upon 5．A．familiar B．unrelated C．creative D．imaginary 6．A．presented B．marked C．lit D．associated 7．A．ideas B．ambitions C．achievement D．technique 8．A．experience B．service C．present D．object 9．A．work B．last C．exist D．change 10．A．possibilities B．limitations C．tendency D．practice 11．A．in fact B．in particular C．as a whole D．for example 12．A．devote B．adapt C．lead D．keep 13．A．private B．global C．different D．practical 14．A．features B．themes C．creatures D．characters 15．A．involves B．occupies C．includes D．contains 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．B 6．D 7．A 8．C 9．C 10．A 11．D 12．B 13．C 14．D 15．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何让自己变得有创造力的3个方法。 1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们错了。A. wrong错误的；B. unbelievable难以置信的；C. reasonable合理的；D. realistic现实的。由上文的“Most people believe they don’t have much imagination. (大多数人认为他们没有太多创造力)”和下文的“Everyone has imagination (每个人都有创造力)”可知，以前人们认为“自己没有创造力”的看法是错误的。故选A项。 2．考查动词短语辨析。句意：每个人都有创造力，但我们大多数人一旦长大，就会忘记如何利用它。A. put up with忍受；B. catch up with赶上；C. make use of利用、使用；D. keep track of跟上……的进展。由上文的“Most people believe they don’t have much imagination. (大多数人认为他们没有太多创造力)”和下文的“Everyone has imagination (每个人都有创造力)”可知，每个人都有创造力，但大家却认为自己缺乏创造力，是因为人们长大之后并未使用创造力，创造力长久的不使用就会让人们忘记如何利用创造力。故选C项。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：创造力并不总是与伟大的艺术作品或想法联系在一起。A. equipped装备；B. compared比较；C. covered覆盖；D. connected与……有联系。由下文的“creative ways to solve problems. Maybe you have a goal to achieve, a tricky question to answer or you just want to expand your mind! (创造性的方法来解决问题。也许你有一个目标要实现，一个棘手的问题要回答，或者你只是想扩展你的思维)”可知，解决现实中存在的问题也可以用创造力，说明小事也与创造力联系在一起，可得出创造力并不总是与伟大的艺术作品或想法联系在一起的。故选D项。 4．考查动词词义（短语）辨析。句意：人们在工作和空闲时间经常会想出创造性的方法来解决问题。A. regard当作，认为；B. think of想到；C. consider考虑；D. look upon看待。由下文的“creative ways to solve problems”和常识可知，解决问题是需要想出创造性的方法的。故选B项。 5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这项技巧包括采取不相关的想法，并试图找出它们之间的联系。A. familiar熟悉的；B. unrelated不相关的；C. creative创造性的；D. imaginary幻想的。由上文的“Making connections!”和下文的“trying to find links between them”可知，该技巧需要创建联系，那么就要求我们把不相关的理念联系起来，并且找出它们之间的联系。故选B项。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：写下所有与蜡烛相关的想法或单词：灯、火、火柴、夜晚、寂静等。A. presented展示；B. marked标志；C. lit点亮；D. associated联系。由下文的“with candles: light, fire, matches, night, silence, etc”可知，灯、火、火柴、夜晚、寂静等意象都是与蜡烛有关的想法或单词。故选D项。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：下一步是将想法与你必须做的工作联系起来。A. ideas想法；B. ambitions志向；C. achievement成就；D. technique技术。由上文的“Making connections! (创建联系)”和“Write down all the idea or words”可知，此处指把想法和你要做的事情联系到一起。故选A项。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：想象一下，你想给朋友买一份原创礼物；你可以给他买比赛票，或者带他出去过夜。A. experience经历；B. service服务；C. present礼物；D. object物体。由下文的“you could buy him tickets to match (你可以给朋友买比赛票)”可知，这是给朋友礼物的一种形式。故选C项。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：假设正常的限制不存在。A. work工作；B. last持续；C. exist存在；D. change改变。呼应上文的“NO limits!”表明要敢于想象，不存在限制。故选C项。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：想想你的目标和新的可能性。A. possibilities可能性；B. limitations限制；C. tendency趋势；D. practice实践。由上文的“NO limits! Imagine that normal limitations don’t 　　9　　.”可知，要敢于想象，在没有任何限制的情况下，想象你的目标和实现目标的可能性。故选A项。 11．考查短语辨析。句意：例如，如果你的目标是学习滑雪，你现在可以在生活中每天练习滑雪（因为你有时间和金钱）。A. in fact实际上；B. in particular尤其；C. as a whole总体上；D. for example例如。由本句的“If your goal is to learn to ski”是上文的“Think about your goal”具体目标的举例说明。故选D项。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在让它付诸于实践。A. devote致力于；B. adapt适应，适用；C. lead导致；D. keep保持。adapt sth. to reality (把某事付诸实践)，由上文的“you can now practise skiing every day of your life”可知，通过练习把你的想法目标付诸于实践。故选B项。 13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从不同的角度看情况。A. private私人的；B. global全球的；C. different不同的；D. practical实际的。由下文的“put yourself in their positions. The best fishermen think like fish (请站在他们的立场上。最好的渔夫想得像鱼)”可知，本段说的是换位思考，就是从换个角度看问题，用不同的观点审视问题。故选C项。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：小说家们常常把自己想象成书中的人物。A. features特征；B. themes主题；C. creatures生物；D. characters人物，角色。由下文的“They ask question: What does this character want? Why can’t she get it? What changes must she make to get what she wants? (小说家们会问：这个角色想要什么？为什么她不能得到它？为了得到她想要的，她必须做出什么改变？)”和“put yourself in their positions”可知，小说家们也要换位思考，可得出他们需要把自己想象成书中的人物。故选D项。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你的目标涉及其他人，请站在他们的立场上。A. involves涉及；B. occupies占据；C. includes包括；D. contains包含。由本处语境可知，换位思考的前提是你需要顾及到其他人，即你的目标可能涉及其他人了。故选A项。 二、完形填空 You may know the saying, “Don’t judge a book by its cover.” It 1 the idea behind the Living Library project. Like 2 library, a Living Liberty offers readers books, except that these “books” can 3 to you. But these living books are not like anything from a(n) 4 movie — they are people like you and me. The Living Library project was started in 2000 by a group of young people in Denmark. They wanted to reduce 5 and encourage understanding between people, and they had the idea of bringing together some very different people to communicate 6 . These living books were from different cultural backgrounds, nations, educational levels, religions and 7 . Reading living books is very 8 : Each book can talk with readers face to face, and sometimes a small group of readers can read one book together. The book and the reader(s) 9 and share different thoughts, ideas, lifestyles and so on. The project began to gain in 10 in other parts of the world and was introduced to China in 2009. This past April, a wave of Living Library events was held in more than 20 Chinese cities. In Guangzhou, for example, 50 living books were presented to 200 readers. The event was divided into four rounds; each lasted 40 minutes. In each round, 11 eight readers would read one book together. One of the living books, Tang, suffered from depression. She talked about her experience of fighting depression and also pointed out a problem: People’s 12 about mental illnesses was preventing many patients from getting treatment in time. In Living Library events like this one, it is not one person 13 another, but someone introducing others to a different idea or way of life. Everyone can raise questions and everyone is 14 . “Everyone is a book,” said Liu Qiongxiong, the organizer of the event in Guangzhou. “By reading others we can better understand each other and 15 .” 1．A．challenges B．talks about C．makes use of D．sums up 2．A．the other B．any other C．another D．each other 3．A．convey B．relate C．talk D．donate 4．A．sci-fi B．comedy C．horror D．action 5．A．prejudices B．differences C．violence D．change 6．A．fairly B．silently C．equally D．seriously 7．A．locations B．occasions C．schools D．professions 8．A．simple B．difficult C．complex D．shallow 9．A．test B．organize C．dismiss D．discuss 10．A．control B．popularity C．access D．time 11．A．up to B．all C．at least D．only 12．A．curiously B．questions C．hesitation D．misunderstanding 13．A．fighting B．challenging C．teaching D．criticizing 14．A．judged B．respected C．ranked D．numbered 15．A．regulations B．inequalities C．characters D．ourselves 【答案】 1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．A 6．C 7．D 8．A 9．D 10．B 11．A 12．D 13．C 14．B 15．D 【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了Living Library项目的活动理念和活动内容。 1．考查动词（短语）词义辨析。句意：它总结了Living Library项目背后的理念。A. challenges挑战；B. talks about讨论；C. makes use of利用；D. sums up总结。根据“behind the Living Library project”及“Don’t judge a book by its cover.”可知，这句俗语总结了Living Library项目背后的理念。故选D项。 2．考查代词词义辨析。句意：和其他图书馆一样，Living Liberty也为读者提供书籍，只不过这些“书”可以和你对话。A. the other用于两者之中的另一个；B. any other任何其他；C. another再一个；D. each other相互。根据“a Living Liberty offers readers books”可知，Living Library提供和其他图书馆一样的阅读服务，即，任何一个其他一样的阅读服务。故选B项。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：和其他图书馆一样，Living Liberty也为读者提供书籍，只不过这些“书”可以和你对话。A. convey传达；B. relate联系；C. talk交谈；D. donate捐赠。根据下文“they are people like you and me”可知，Living Liberty中的书就是普通人，这些人可以进行对话交谈。故选C项。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但这些活生生的书并不像科幻电影里的任何东西——他们是像你我一样的人。A. sci-fi科幻；B. comedy喜剧；C. horror恐怖；D. action动作。根据“But these living books are not like anything from a(n) ____4____movie”可知，这些活生生的书并不像科幻电影，而是真实存在的人。故选A项。 5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们想要减少偏见，鼓励人们之间的理解，他们的想法是把一些截然不同的人聚集在一起，平等地交流。A. prejudices偏见；B. differences不同；C. violence暴力；D. change改变。根据“wanted to reduce____5____and encourage understanding between people”可知，这个计划是为了减少人与人之间的偏见。故选A项。 6．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们想要减少偏见，鼓励人们之间的理解，他们的想法是把一些截然不同的人聚集在一起，平等地交流。A. fairly十分；B. silently无声地；C. equally平等地；D. seriously严肃地。根据“and they had the idea of bringing together some very different people to communicate”可知，项目是为了将想法截然不同的人聚在一起平等交流。故选C项。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些活的书来自不同的文化背景、民族、教育水平、宗教和职业。A. locations位置；B. occasions场合；C. schools学校；D. professions职业。根据“These living books were from different cultural backgrounds, nations, educational levels, religions”可知，这些活着的书来自不同的地方，空处与cultural backgrounds, nations, educational levels, religions并列，应该是“职业”。故选D项。 8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：读活书很简单：每本书都可以和读者面对面地交谈，有时一小群读者也可以一起读一本书。A. simple简单的；B. difficult困难的；C. complex复杂的；D. shallow浅的。根据“Each book can talk with readers face to face, and sometimes a small group of readers can read one book together.”可知，阅读这些活书是简单的。故选A项。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“书”和读者讨论和分享不同的想法、观念、生活方式等等。A. test测试；B. organize组织；C. dismiss抛弃；D. discuss讨论。根据上文“Each book can talk with readers face to face”可知，“书”和读者讨论不同的想法。故选D项。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：该项目开始在世界其他地区受到欢迎，并于2009年被引入中国。A. control控制；B. popularity流行；C. access通道；D. time时间。根据“and was introduced to China in 2009”可知，该项目流行开来。故选B项。 11．考查限定词、副词、介词短语词义辨析。句意：在每一轮中，最多有8位读者一起阅读一本书。A. up to多达，达到；B. all所有的；C. at least至少；D. only只有。根据“In each round, ____11____eight readers would read one book together.”可知，此处表示一轮中读者的最多数量，即说明项目规则。故选A项。 12．考查副词、名词词义辨析。句意：人们对精神疾病的误解使许多患者无法及时得到治疗。A. curiously好奇地；B. questions问题；C. hesitation犹豫；D. misunderstanding误解。根据“preventing many patients from getting treatment in time”可知，人们对于精神病有误解，使得病人无法及时治疗。故选D项。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在像这样的生活图书馆活动中，不是一个人教另一个人，而是有人向其他人介绍不同的思想或生活方式。A. fighting斗争；B. challenging挑战；C. teaching教；D. criticizing批评。根据下文“Everyone can raise questions”可知，此处每个人都可以提问题，因此，不是一个人教另一个人。故选C项。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：每个人都可以提出问题，每个人都受到尊重。A. judged评价；B. respected尊敬；C. ranked排名；D. numbered标号。根据“Everyone can raise questions”可知，在这个阅读项目中，每个人都受到尊敬。故选B项。 15．考查名词、代词词义辨析。句意：通过阅读别人，我们可以更好地了解彼此和自己。A. regulations规则；B. inequalities不公平；C. characters特性，人物角色；D. ourselves我们自己。根据“By reading others we can better understand each other”可知，阅读别人，我们除了可以相互了解，也可以更好地了解自己。故选D项。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$