UNIT 3 Grammar——动词-ing形式作主语（Word教参）-【勤径学升】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第一册同步练测（外研版2019）

　　　　　Grammar——动词­ing形式作主语　[对应学生用书第54页] 用所给动词的适当形式完成下面教材中的句子并体会它们的语法特征 1．(教材P34)Knowing(know)where the ball would go wasn't easy. 2．(教材P35)Shooting(shoot)with great accuracy was another thing he learnt. 3．(教材P35)In this way, practising(practise)day in and day out helped Stephen sharpen his skills. 4．(教材P35)Playing(play)basketball was his dream. 动词­ing形式是动词的一种非谓语形式， 包括现在分词和动名词两种， 是由动词原形加­ing构成， 此结构既强调动作也具有名词、形容词的性质。在句子中用作主语、表语、宾语、定语、补语和状语。本单元学习动词­ing形式作主语。 要点一　动词­ing的基本形式 项目 主动语态 被动语态 一般式 doing being done 完成式 having done having been done 1.动词­ing形式的一般式常表示该动作与句子谓语动作同时发生或发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之后。 For most people, having things stolen feels like an offence. 对大多数人来说， 东西被偷是一种冒犯。 2．动词­ing形式的完成式表示该动作发生在句子谓语动作之前。 Having ever travelled to that beautiful city has made him want to travel there again. 曾经去那座美丽的城市旅游使他想再次去那儿旅行。 3．动词­ing形式若与其逻辑主语之间为被动关系时， 需用被动语态， 而不及物动词的非谓语形式无被动语态， 但可有完成形式。 Being praised by his teachers made him regain the confidence. 被老师们表扬使他重获自信。 4．动词­ing形式的否定形式， 是在其前面加not。 Not knowing how to use a computer makes it more difficult for him to do his academic research. 不知道如何使用电脑使他更难进行学术研究。 5．动词­ing形式的完成进行式表示其动作在谓语动词之前已经开始， 一直持续到谓语动词发生时为止， 且有可能仍在继续。 Forgive me for my having been troubling you. 原谅我一直在打扰你。 6．动词­ing形式的复合结构， ­ing形式加上自己的逻辑主语， 如形容词性物主代词、名词所有格、人称代词的宾格或名词普通格， 便构成了动词­ing形式的复合结构。 Their coming to help was a great encouragement to us. 他们来帮助我们对我们是个很大的鼓励。 Tom's being outspoken won the respect of his fellow workers. 汤姆的坦诚赢得了同事们的尊敬。 [对点训练1] 完成句子 ①Being exposed to the sunlight for too long/ Exposing yourself to the sunlight for too long will be harmful to your skin. 长时间暴露在阳光下会对你的皮肤有害。 ②Concentrating your energy on English will enable you to master the language. 集中精力学习英语将使你掌握这门语言。 ③Not knowing her address had us lose touch with her. 由于不知道她的地址， 我们与她失去了联系。 要点二　动词­ing形式作主语 1．动词­ing形式作主语时， 多表示经常性、习惯性的动作， 谓语动词多用单数形式。 Reading aloud is a good way to learn a language. 大声朗读是学习语言的一种好方法。 Having a walk every day helps to make one keep healthy. 每天散步有助于一个人保持健康。 [名师点津] 意义不同的两个动词­ing形式并列作主语时， 谓语动词需用复数形式。 Listening to music and reading are his two hobbies. 听音乐和读书是他的两个爱好。 2．位置 动词­ing形式作主语时通常有两种位置：一种是位于句首；另一种是it作形式主语， 而将动词­ing形式移至后面。常用动词­ing形式作主语的句型： It is a waste of time doing… 做……是浪费时间的 It is no good/use doing… 做……是没好处/没用的 It is worthwhile doing… 做……是值得的 It is useless doing… 做……没有用 It is no fun doing… 做……没有乐趣 It is no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收。 I think it is no good reading in bed． 我认为在床上看书没有好处。 It is a waste of time trying to persuade such a naughty child． 试图说服这样一个淘气的孩子是浪费时间。 [对点训练2] 单句语法填空 ①It is no good making(make)an excuse for this. ②It is acknowledged that swimming is(be)a good sport in summer. ③It is a waste of time trying(try)to persuade him to give up computer games. 3．动词­ing形式和to do作主语时的区别 动词­ing形式和to do都可以作主语。动词­ing形式作主语表示比较抽象的一般行为；to do作主语往往表示具体的或一次性的动作。 Swimming is one of my favourite sports. 游泳是我喜爱的运动之一。(泛指) To swim in this lake is very dangerous. 在这个湖里游泳很危险。(特指) [对点训练3] 单句语法填空 ①Singing(sing)is my hobby, and to sing(sing)at my friend's birthday party is my dream. ②To surround(surround)the enemy in such bad weather is not easy for them. ③Putting/To put(put)on more clothes is not so good． Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．Travelling(travel)a lot is a good way to help people become knowledgeable. 2．It is no use telling(tell)him to keep clean. 3．Planting many trees is(be)very good for our environment. 4．Having given(give)a hand to those in need earned him a good reputation. 5．It is a waste of time playing video games every day. 6．It is useless telephoning/to telephone(telephone)him.He is not willing to come. 7．Being educated(educate)in Peking University is the dream of many students. 8．It is no good saying(say)such ugly words to him. 9．Her coming(come)to help encouraged all of us. Ⅱ.完成句子 1．Climbing mountains is really difficult for the old． 对于老人来说， 爬山确实困难。 2．His getting up late in the morning made him late for the class. 他早上起晚了， 导致他上课迟到了。 3．It is no use waiting for other people to make decisions for you． 等别人替你做决定是没有用的。 4．It's no good spending too much time chatting or playing online games． 花太多时间聊天或玩网络游戏没有好处。 5．Not having done his homework makes the teacher angry. 未完成他的作业让老师很生气。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$