01 必修三 Unit 1Knowing you knowing me - 2025年新高考英语一轮总复习筑基培优方案（外研版2019）

必修第三册 Unit 1　Knowing you knowing me 知识背诵清单通关练 （第一关）重点单词精选精背储备能量+核心词汇之转换词形词性 （第二关）重点短语再现背诵及研磨记忆巩固 （第三关）梳理核心词汇之转换词形词性及情境研磨记忆巩固 （第四关）基本句型模仿背诵及巩固情境研磨记忆巩固 （第五关）必备重点语法精讲精练 （第一关）重点单词精选精背储备能量 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.loose adj. 控制不严的 2．sink v. 使(船)沉没 3．fault n. 责任，过错 4．resolve v. 解决(问题、困难) 5．signal n. 信号；暗号 6．concern n. 忧虑，担心 7．duty n. 职责，义务；责任 8．accident n. 意外事件，偶然因素 9．ensure v. 确保，保证 10．criticize v. 批评，指责 11．deceive v. 欺骗 12．justify v. 证明(别人认为不合理的事)有道理；为……辩护 13．apart adv. 分离，分开 14．tear n. 眼泪，泪水 15．strategy n. 计谋，策略，行动计划 16．core adj. 核心的(课程、团体等) 17．boxing n. 拳击(运动) 18．tangled adj. 纠结的；复杂的 19．weave v. 编，织 20．latter n. 后者 21．moreover adv. 此外，而且 核心词汇之转换词形词性 1.breath n. 呼出的气→breathe v. 呼吸breathless adj.喘不过气的 2．annoyed adj. 恼怒的，烦恼的→annoy v. 使恼怒，使生气→annoying adj. 使恼怒的，使生气的，使烦恼的→annoyance n. 恼怒，生气，烦恼 3．adjust v. 适应，(使)习惯→adjustment n. 调整，调节，适应→adjustable adj. 可调整的，可调节的 4．complexity n. 复杂性，错综复杂→complex adj. 复杂的，难懂的 5．forgive v. 原谅，宽恕→forgiveness n. 宽恕，原谅 6．embarrassment n. 尴尬，难为情→embarrass v. 使尴尬→embarrassed adj. 尴尬的→embarrassing adj. 令人尴尬的 7．frank adj. 坦率的，坦诚的，直言不讳的→frankly adv. 坦率地，直率地→frankness n. 率真，坦率，坦白 8．independent adj. 独立的→independence n. 独立，自主→depend v. 依靠，依赖dependent adj. 依赖的 （第二关）重点短语再现背诵及研磨记忆巩固 1．in common 共同的；共有的 2．fit in with ... 适合……，适应…… 3．turn to sb for help 向某人寻求帮助 4．help out 帮一把 5．be crazy about ... 对……着迷 6．let down 使失望，辜负 7．let off steam 发泄怒火，宣泄情绪 8．concentrate on 集中精力于；全神贯注于 9．loose lips sink ships 祸从口出 10．apologize to sb 向某人道歉 11．take a breath 吸一口气 12．pull one's weight 做好分内事，尽责 13．be attracted by 被……吸引 14．look down on sb 轻视某人，鄙视某人 15．take the lead 率先，领头 16．prevent from ... 阻止…… 17．by accident 偶然，意外地 18．run away from 从……中逃跑 19．settle down 定居，安顿下来；安静下来；集中精力做 20．play an important role in ... 在……中起重要作用 21．begin with 以……开始 22．to what extent 到何种程度 23．consist of 由……组成(构成) 第三关）梳理核心词汇之转换词形词性及情境研磨记忆巩固 ① signal n. 信号；暗号(教材P3) 　单句语法填空 ①China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot where it could send ________ (signal) to the spacecraft and to Earth. ②(剑桥高阶)The children's mother signalled to them ________ (be) quiet. 答案：①signals　②to be 　单句表达 ③(朗文当代)显示屏闪烁着红色警告信号。 The display flashed ________________________． 答案：③a red warning signal ② annoyed adj. 恼怒的，烦恼的(教材P5) 　单句语法填空 ①(牛津高阶)He got very annoyed ________ me about my carelessness. ②(剑桥高阶)He was annoyed ________ the way she tried to take over the whole meeting. ③(柯林斯词典)It ________ (annoy) me that I didn't have time to do more ironing. ④Who hasn't received an email so ________ (annoy) that it ruined an entire day? ⑤Don't openly express ________ (annoy) at a professor or class. 答案：①with　②at/about　③annoyed　④annoying　⑤annoyance 　单句表达 ⑥细菌对宇航员来说是个恼人的问题。 Bacteria are ________________________ for astronauts. 答案：⑥an annoying problem ③ adjust v. 适应，(使)习惯(教材P5) 　单句语法填空 ①Bellevue, a fast－growing city, just east of Seattle, uses a system that is gaining popularity around the US: intersection signals that can adjust in real time ________ traffic conditions. ②(剑桥高阶)The height of the steering wheel is ________ (adjust). ③Today's world is not an easy ________ (adjust) for young adults. ④(牛津高阶)It took her a while to adjust to ________ (live) alone after the divorce. 答案：①to　②adjustable　③adjustment　④living 　单句表达 ⑤除此之外，做相关的运动以使自己适应比赛是非常有益的。 Apart from that, doing relevant exercise to ________________________ is of great benefit. 答案：⑤adjust yourself to the match ④ accident n. 意外事件，偶然因素(教材P5) 　单句语法填空 ①(剑桥高阶)The site was located after the ________ (accident) discovery of bones in a field. ②(中国日报)We will continue to ensure the safety of post－disaster recovery, taking targeted measures to prevent secondary disasters and safety ________ (accident) caused by flooding. 答案：①accidental　②accidents 　单句表达 ③(剑桥高阶)我在翻阅档案时偶然发现了她的信。 I ________________________ as I was looking through my files. 答案：③found her letter by accident ⑤ forgive v. 原谅，宽恕(教材P6) [名师点津]　forgive的过去式为forgave，过去分词为forgiven。 　单句语法填空 ①Forgive yourself ________ mistakes that you have made. ②Whatever he says, I will never forgive his ________ (cheat) me again. ③(牛津高阶)He asked ________ (forgive) for what he had done wrong. 答案：①for　②cheating　③forgiveness 　单句表达 ④最后，廉颇和蔺相如互相原谅，发誓要生死与共。 In the end, Lian Po and Lin Xiangru ________________ and swore to live or die together. 答案：④forgave each other ⑥ embarrassment n. 尴尬，难为情(教材P6) 　单句语法填空 ①Quality counts less than attitude and effort—even stupid joke can relieve others of risk and ________ (embarrass). ②Don't be afraid or ________ (embarrass) to discuss something that is bothering you. ③(剑桥高阶)My most ________ (embarrass) moment was trying to introduce a woman whose name I couldn't remember. 答案：①embarrassment　②embarrassed　③embarrassing 　单句表达 ④(朗文当代)使她尴尬的是，她记不起他的名字了。 ________________________________， she couldn't remember his name. 答案：④To her embarrassment/Much to her embarrassment ⑦ tear n. 眼泪，泪水(教材P9) [名师点津]　tear作名词时，是可数名词，常用复数；作动词时，其过去式为tore，过去分词为torn。 　写出tear在下列句中的词性及词义 ①A chimpanzee (黑猩猩) can't win an argument with a modern man, but it can tear the man apart like a rag doll. ________ ②But she came forth and walked forward, and I walked forward, and my feelings and tears and the chemical in my brain, you know, it was like a nuclear fusion (核聚变).________ ③When I made my major life decisions, I was still that little girl tearing full－speed across the lawn.________ 答案：①v. 撕开　②n. 眼泪，泪水　③v. 狂奔 单句语法填空 ④(剑桥高阶)I ________ (tear) my skirt on the chair as I stood up. ⑤“But Dad，” he said, through massive ________ (tear), “they don't make that kind of watch anymore.” 答案：④tore　⑤tears 　单句表达 ⑥(牛津高阶)她一看信眼泪就夺眶而出。 She read the letter and promptly ______________________． 答案：⑥burst into tears let down 使失望，辜负(教材P2) 　介词、副词填空 ①(牛津高阶)I'll give you a key so that you can let yourself ________． ②(牛津高阶)Don't let it ________ about me losing my job, will you? 答案：①in　②out 　单句表达 ③(牛津高阶)他步履艰难地往家走，感到孤独而沮丧。 He trudged home feeling lonely and ____________． ④这样工作一年已经够痛苦的了，更别说一辈子了。 Working this way for one year was painful enough, ____________ a lifetime. ⑤(朗文当代)卫兵放开了领头的绳子，狗向前冲去。 The guard ________________ the lead, and the dog lunged forward. 答案：③let down　④let alone　⑤let go of 疑问词＋ever引导的从句 Filled with anger, you tend to say whatever comes to your mind. (教材P3)满腔怒火的时候，你往往想到什么就说什么。 (1)whatever, whichever, whoever, whomever既可以引导名词性从句，又可以引导让步状语从句；引导让步状语从句时相当于“no matter＋what/which/who/whom”，在引导名词性从句时只能用疑问词＋ever。 (2)wherever, whenever, however只能引导让步状语从句，相当于“no matter＋where/when/how”。 　单句语法填空 ①I know ________ I have to face in my life I was there and I survived. ②I figured ________ lost the dog was probably just as close to it as I am to my dogs. ③________ you start, remember there is no better time to start than right now, for you'll never be more alive than you are at this moment. ④(中国日报)When Deng Xiaoping introduced reform and opening－up to the Chinese economy, he said, “black cat, white cat, ________ catches mice is a good cat”． 答案：①whatever　②whoever　③However　④whichever 　句型转换 ⑤Just as in a game of tug－of－war (拔河比赛), whenever a person is added, everyone else pulls the rope with less force. →Just as in a game of tug－of－war (拔河比赛), ________________ a person is added, everyone else pulls the rope with less force. ⑥No matter which road you take, it will lead you to the station. →________________________， it will lead you to the station. 答案：⑤no matter when　⑥Whichever road you take （第四关）基本句型模仿背诵及巩固情境研磨记忆巩固 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．(剑桥高阶)It's important that parents should allow their children some ________ (independent). 答案：independence 2．It clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy ________ (adjust), high status has just the opposite effect on us. 答案：adjustment 3．(朗文当代)He never admitted his guilt or asked for ________ (forgive). 答案：forgiveness 4．(中国日报)Yang Qian, 21, won the first gold medal of the Tokyo Olympics on Saturday in the women's 10－meter air rifle, she enjoyed the moment with smiles instead of ________ (tear). 答案：tears 5．(剑桥高阶)Without pausing to draw ________ (breathe) she told me everything. 答案：breath 6．(柯林斯词典)Elena was ________ (annoy) at having had to wait so long for him. 答案：annoyed 7．(朗文当代)He could not hide his ________ (embarrass) at his children's rudeness. 答案：embarrassment 8．(剑桥高阶)Quite ________ (frank), I think this whole situation is ridiculous. 答案：frankly 9．(剑桥高阶)I want to go somewhere where we're sure ________ (have) good weather. 答案：to have 10．As soon as he sat down at the table, he signaled to the waiter ________ (bring) the menu. 答案：to bring Ⅱ.选词填空 by accident; let down; tell a lie; calm down; in a mess; tell the truth; adjust to; let off steam; pull one's weight; concentrate on 1．(柯林斯词典)The company now has a large number of workers who feel badly ____________. 答案：let down 2．(中国日报)We need to ____________ in reducing our emissions and influence the rest of the world to take urgent and coordinated action. 答案：pull our weight 3．(朗文当代)It took a few seconds for her eyes to ____________ the darkness. 答案：adjust to 4．(朗文当代)The pilot, whether ____________ or design, made the plane do a sharp turn. 答案：by accident 5．It is important to ____________ and hold a rational perspective on the strain as this is normal virus evolution. 答案：calm down 6．(中国日报)There is nothing wrong if a losing athlete ____________ through Weibo. 答案：lets off steam 7．(柯林斯词典)He can now ____________ a project he'd originally put to one side. 答案：concentrate on 8．It is foolish of you to ____________ because the truth will come out sooner or later. 答案：tell a lie 9．(中国日报)Children are often blamed for not completing homework, having poor time management or leaving the house ____________. 答案：in a mess 10．(中国日报)If a scientist is attached false labels only because of ____________， no scientist will want to carry out research into virus. 答案：telling the truth Ⅲ.单句表达 1．(中国日报)赛前我们说过不管发生什么我们都会战斗到最后。 Before the match we said we'll fight until the end ____________． 答案：whatever happens 2．急于见她的朋友，她没有骑自行车，而是乘坐出租车回家。 __________________________， she took a taxi home rather than ride a bike. 答案：Eager to see her friends 3．(中国日报)每次带女儿去她住的土楼，她都非常兴奋，因为这种体验与在现代建筑中生活完全不同。 ________________________________________________， she is highly excited, as the experience is totally different to life in a modern building. 答案：Every time she takes her daughter to the tulou where she lived 4．我必须努力学习，因为我不想让我的父母失望。 I must study hard because I don't want to ________________________． 答案：let my parents down 5．(牛津高阶)我气我自己那么轻易就让步了。 I ____________________ for giving in so easily. 答案：was annoyed with myself （第五关）必备重点语法精讲精练 名词和数词 高考真题练悟 单句语法填空 1．When the answer was no, she declined the ________ (invite)．[2022·浙江卷1月] 2．Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road, in order to promote environmental ________ (protect)．[2022·全国甲卷] 3．The GPNP's main goal is to improve connectivity between separate ________ (population) and homes of giant pandas, and eventually achieve a desired level of population in the wild.[2022·新高考全国卷Ⅰ] 4．“He saved my ________ (son) life，”said Mrs Brown.“I don't know how to thank him.”[2022·新高考Ⅱ卷] 5．The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we ________ (human) are. [感悟]　语法填空四谨记 1．空格处如果作动词或介词的宾语、或作主语，提示词常转换为名词。 2．若提示词是可数名词单数，分析句子成分后发现词性不需要改变，若有以下情况考虑名词复数： ①有数词或these, those, several, many, all, both, various, countless等词修饰时用名词复数形式。 ②名词前有one of时用名词复数形式。 ③若谓语动词是复数形式，且空处作主语，则空处应填名词复数形式。 3．提示词与其后的名词是所属关系， 应考虑名词的所有格。 4．基数词变序数词规律 ① 一般由基数词加-th构成：sixth; seventh; tenth; eleventh; hundredth； ②以y结尾的基数词， 先把y变为ie, 再加-th: twentieth; thirtieth ③不规则变形：first; second; third; fifth; eighth; ninth; twelfth等 考点多维突破 考点一 名词的数 一 、可数名词变复数的规则变化 可数名词变复数形式时一般在名词后面加-s或-es。变化形式如下表： 方法 典例 一般在词尾加-s map→maps, sea→seas girl→girls, day→days 以-s，-x，-ch，-sh结尾的名词后加-es(stomach除外) class→classes, box→boxes watch→ watches, dish→ dishes 以辅音字母＋-y结尾的名词 变y为i，再加-es country→ countries factory→ factories family→families baby→babies 以元音字母＋-y结尾的名词 在词尾直接加-s holiday→holidays monkey→monkeys 以-o结尾的名词 一般在词尾加-s piano→pianos photo→photos 有些在词尾加-es hero→heroes potato→potatoes tomato→tomatoes 以-f或-fe结尾的词 变-f或-fe为-v，再加-es leaf→leaves, knife→knives， wife→wives，wolf→wolves 加-s belief→beliefs，chief→chiefs， proof→proofs，roof→roofs， 二、可数名词变复数的不规则变化 名词变复数不规则变化的形式如下表： 方法 典例 增加字母 child→children，ox→oxen 改变名词中的元音字母或其他形式 man→men, woman→women, foot→feet, goose→geese，mouse→mice 单复数同形 Chinese，sheep，deer，series，means，works，species 表示“某国人”的名词 加-s American→Americans， German→Germans， Greek→Greeks 单复数同形 Portuguese, Chinese, Japanese 以-man或-woman结尾的，将-man和-woman分别改为-men, -women Englishman→Englishmen 三、不可数名词 1．常见的20个不可数名词 单词 词义 单词 词义 rubbish 垃圾 luggage 行李 information 信息 advice 建议 fun 乐趣 homework 家庭作业 progress 进步 equipment 设备 bread 面包 wealth 财富 knowledge 知识 room 空间 work 工作 weather 天气 music 音乐 news 新闻；消息 traffic 交通 meat 肉 word 消息 luck 运气 2.抽象名词的具体化 具有某种特性、状态、情感的抽象名词在表示具体的概念时，可以与不定冠词连用。这就是抽象名词的具体化。 抽象名词 具体化 success成功 a success 一个(件)成功的人或事 failure 失败 a failure 一个(件)失败的人或事 surprise惊讶 a surprise 一件令人惊讶的事情 pleasure乐事 a pleasure 一件乐事 honour荣誉 an honour 一件引以为荣的事 即学即练 单句语法填空 1．In the 2010s, thanks to online streaming services, eSports grew rapidly with more worldwide tournaments, more viewers, and larger ________ (prize)．[2023·丽水、湖州、衢州三地市质量检测] 2．2022 witnesses the 350th anniversary of Rong Bao Zhai. The badge (徽章) for Rong Bao Zhai uses the Chinese ________ (character) of “three”， “five” and “zero”．[2023·湖南省高三六校联考] 3．It is widely considered that these social ________ (policy) will definitely improve the well-being of Chinese children.[2023·郴州市高三第一次教学质量监测] 4．Hopefully, the cute, witty, hi-tech Bing Dwen Dwen can become a classic and countless lasting ________ (memory) will stick in Olympic history.[2023·济宁市高考模拟] 5．Many legends and stories lie behind its red walls and under the golden ________(roof)．[2023·山东省淄博模拟] 考点二 名词所有格 情况 构成 示例 表示有生命的名词的所有格时 在词尾加“'s” the boy's bag，men's rooms 若名词已有复数词尾s 只在词尾加“'” the workers' struggle 省略格：在表示店铺、教堂、诊所的名称或某人的家时，名词所有格的后面常省略它所修饰的名词 at the doctor's 在诊所；at my sister's在我姐姐(妹妹)的家 表示时间、距离、长度、重量、价值、国家、城市等无生命名词的所有格 在词尾加“'s”来表示所属关系，意为“……的” a twenty minutes' walk, a ten miles' journey, two pounds' weight, ten dollars' worth 双重所有格 of＋名词“'s”结构 a friend of my father's, works of Lu Xun's 即学即练 单句语法填空 1．Once a beneficiary (受益者) of Project Hope, she is now calling on more people to join in the ________ (country) efforts to provide better education for all children.[2023·济南名校高三交流联考] 2．Compared with the class nine years ago, this ________ (year) lecture was greatly different.[2023·华中师大一附中考前测试] 答案 高考真题练悟 1．答案与解析：invitation　考查名词。分析句子成分可知，空处作declined的宾语，应用所给词的名词形式。 2．答案与解析：protection　考查词形转换。根据空前的形容词environmental可知，空处应用名词。 3．答案与解析：populations　考查名词复数。population在这里表示“种群”，是可数名词，由空前的separate可知应填名词复数。 4．答案与解析：son's　考查名词的格。life与提示词son之间是所属关系，故应使用名词所有格。故填son's。 5．答案与解析：humans　考查名词的复数。本空作宾语从句主语we的同位语，故应该用名词的复数形式。 考点多维突破 考点一 即学即练 1．答案与解析：prizes　名词复数。prize与空前的tournaments和viewers并列，同样需要用复数形式，所以空处填prizes。 2．答案与解析：characters　名词复数。根据of后面的“three”“five”“zero”可知，该空应填character的复数形式，故填characters。 3．答案与解析：policies　考查名词复数。句意：人们普遍认为，这些社会政策肯定会提高中国儿童的福祉。根据these可知，此处要用可数名词的复数形式。 4．答案与解析：memories　考查名词的数。句意：希望可爱、诙谐、高科技的“冰墩墩”将成为奥运史上经典而又永恒的记忆。memory为可数名词，由countless修饰应用复数形式。 5．答案与解析：roofs　考查名词的数。句意：在它的红墙后面和金色的屋顶下有许多传说和故事。roof为可数名词，此处表示数量大于一，应用复数形式。 考点二 即学即练 1．答案与解析：country's　名词所有格。根据语境和空前的the以及空后的efforts可知，此处表示“国家的努力”，故填country's。 2．答案与解析：year's　考查名词。句意：与九年前的班级相比，今年的讲座有很大的不同。分析句子可知，名词year和名词lecture存在所属关系，应该用名词所有格，故填year's。 $$必修第三册 Unit 1　Knowing you knowing me 知识背诵清单通关练 （第一关）重点单词精选精背储备能量+核心词汇之转换词形词性 （第二关）重点短语再现背诵及研磨记忆巩固 （第三关）梳理核心词汇之转换词形词性及情境研磨记忆巩固 （第四关）基本句型模仿背诵及巩固情境研磨记忆巩固 （第五关）必备重点语法精讲精练 （第一关）重点单词精选精背储备能量 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1 adj. 控制不严的 2． v. 使(船)沉没 3． n. 责任，过错 4． v. 解决(问题、困难) 5． n. 信号；暗号 6． n. 忧虑，担心 7． n. 职责，义务；责任 8． n. 意外事件，偶然因素 9． v. 确保，保证 10． v. 批评，指责 11． v. 欺骗 12． v. 证明(别人认为不合理的事)有道理；为……辩护 13． adv. 分离，分开 14． n. 眼泪，泪水 15． n. 计谋，策略，行动计划 16． adj. 核心的(课程、团体等) 17． n. 拳击(运动) 18． adj. 纠结的；复杂的 19． v. 编，织 20． n. 后者 21． adv. 此外，而且 核心词汇之转换词形词性 1. n. 呼出的气→ v. 呼吸 adj.喘不过气的 2． adj. 恼怒的，烦恼的→ v. 使恼怒，使生气 → adj. 使恼怒的，使生气的，使烦恼的→ n. 恼怒，生气，烦恼 3． v. 适应，(使)习惯→ n. 调整，调节，适应 → adj. 可调整的，可调节的 4． n. 复杂性，错综复杂→ adj. 复杂的，难懂的 5． v. 原谅，宽恕→ n. 宽恕，原谅 6． n. 尴尬，难为情→ v. 使尴尬→ adj. 尴尬的 → adj. 令人尴尬的 7． adj. 坦率的，坦诚的，直言不讳的→ adv. 坦率地，直率地 → n. 率真，坦率，坦白 8． adj. 独立的→ n. 独立，自主→ v. 依靠，依赖 adj. 依赖的 （第二关）重点短语再现背诵及研磨记忆巩固 1． 共同的；共有的 2． ... 适合……，适应…… 3． 向某人寻求帮助 4． 帮一把 5． ... 对……着迷 6． 使失望，辜负 7． 发泄怒火，宣泄情绪 8． 集中精力于；全神贯注于 9． 祸从口出 10． 向某人道歉 11． 吸一口气 12． 做好分内事，尽责 13． 被……吸引 14． 轻视某人，鄙视某人 15． 率先，领头 16． 阻止…… 17． 偶然，意外地 18． 从……中逃跑 19． 定居，安顿下来；安静下来；集中精力做 20． ... 在……中起重要作用 21． 以……开始 22． 到何种程度 23． 由……组成(构成) 第三关）梳理核心词汇之转换词形词性及情境研磨记忆巩固 ① signal n. 信号；暗号(教材P3) 　 单句语法填空 ①China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot where it could send ________ (signal) to the spacecraft and to Earth. ②(剑桥高阶)The children's mother signalled to them ________ (be) quiet. 　 单句表达 ③(朗文当代)显示屏闪烁着红色警告信号。 The display flashed ________________________． ② annoyed adj. 恼怒的，烦恼的(教材P5) 　 单句语法填空 ①(牛津高阶)He got very annoyed ________ me about my carelessness. ②(剑桥高阶)He was annoyed ________ the way she tried to take over the whole meeting. ③(柯林斯词典)It ________ (annoy) me that I didn't have time to do more ironing. ④Who hasn't received an email so ________ (annoy) that it ruined an entire day? ⑤Don't openly express ________ (annoy) at a professor or class. 　 单句表达 ⑥细菌对宇航员来说是个恼人的问题。 Bacteria are ________________________ for astronauts. ③ adjust v. 适应，(使)习惯(教材P5) 　 单句语法填空 ①Bellevue, a fast－growing city, just east of Seattle, uses a system that is gaining popularity around the US: intersection signals that can adjust in real time ________ traffic conditions. ②(剑桥高阶)The height of the steering wheel is ________ (adjust). ③Today's world is not an easy ________ (adjust) for young adults. ④(牛津高阶)It took her a while to adjust to ________ (live) alone after the divorce. 　 单句表达 ⑤除此之外，做相关的运动以使自己适应比赛是非常有益的。 Apart from that, doing relevant exercise to ________________________ is of great benefit. ④ accident n. 意外事件，偶然因素(教材P5) 　 单句语法填空 ①(剑桥高阶)The site was located after the ________ (accident) discovery of bones in a field. ②(中国日报)We will continue to ensure the safety of post－disaster recovery, taking targeted measures to prevent secondary disasters and safety ________ (accident) caused by flooding. 　 单句表达 ③(剑桥高阶)我在翻阅档案时偶然发现了她的信。 I ________________________ as I was looking through my files. ⑤ forgive v. 原谅，宽恕(教材P6) [名师点津]　forgive的过去式为forgave，过去分词为forgiven。 　 单句语法填空 ①Forgive yourself ________ mistakes that you have made. ②Whatever he says, I will never forgive his ________ (cheat) me again. ③(牛津高阶)He asked ________ (forgive) for what he had done wrong. 　 单句表达 ④最后，廉颇和蔺相如互相原谅，发誓要生死与共。 In the end, Lian Po and Lin Xiangru ________________ and swore to live or die together. ⑥ embarrassment n. 尴尬，难为情(教材P6) 　 单句语法填空 ①Quality counts less than attitude and effort—even stupid joke can relieve others of risk and ________ (embarrass). ②Don't be afraid or ________ (embarrass) to discuss something that is bothering you. ③(剑桥高阶)My most ________ (embarrass) moment was trying to introduce a woman whose name I couldn't remember. 　 单句表达 ④(朗文当代)使她尴尬的是，她记不起他的名字了。 ________________________________， she couldn't remember his name. ⑦ tear n. 眼泪，泪水(教材P9) [名师点津]　tear作名词时，是可数名词，常用复数；作动词时，其过去式为tore，过去分词为torn。 　 写出tear在下列句中的词性及词义 ①A chimpanzee (黑猩猩) can't win an argument with a modern man, but it can tear the man apart like a rag doll. ________ ②But she came forth and walked forward, and I walked forward, and my feelings and tears and the chemical in my brain, you know, it was like a nuclear fusion (核聚变).________ ③When I made my major life decisions, I was still that little girl tearing full－speed across the lawn.________ 单句语法填空 ④(剑桥高阶)I ________ (tear) my skirt on the chair as I stood up. ⑤“But Dad，” he said, through massive ________ (tear), “they don't make that kind of watch anymore.” 　 单句表达 ⑥(牛津高阶)她一看信眼泪就夺眶而出。 She read the letter and promptly ______________________． let down 使失望，辜负(教材P2) 　 介词、副词填空 ①(牛津高阶)I'll give you a key so that you can let yourself ________． ②(牛津高阶)Don't let it ________ about me losing my job, will you? 　 单句表达 ③(牛津高阶)他步履艰难地往家走，感到孤独而沮丧。 He trudged home feeling lonely and ____________． ④这样工作一年已经够痛苦的了，更别说一辈子了。 Working this way for one year was painful enough, ____________ a lifetime. ⑤(朗文当代)卫兵放开了领头的绳子，狗向前冲去。 The guard ________________ the lead, and the dog lunged forward. 疑问词＋ever引导的从句 Filled with anger, you tend to say whatever comes to your mind. (教材P3)满腔怒火的时候，你往往想到什么就说什么。 (1)whatever, whichever, whoever, whomever既可以引导名词性从句，又可以引导让步状语从句；引导让步状语从句时相当于“no matter＋what/which/who/whom”，在引导名词性从句时只能用疑问词＋ever。 (2)wherever, whenever, however只能引导让步状语从句，相当于“no matter＋where/when/how”。 　 单句语法填空 ①I know ________ I have to face in my life I was there and I survived. ②I figured ________ lost the dog was probably just as close to it as I am to my dogs. ③________ you start, remember there is no better time to start than right now, for you'll never be more alive than you are at this moment. ④(中国日报)When Deng Xiaoping introduced reform and opening－up to the Chinese economy, he said, “black cat, white cat, ________ catches mice is a good cat”． 　 句型转换 ⑤Just as in a game of tug－of－war (拔河比赛), whenever a person is added, everyone else pulls the rope with less force. →Just as in a game of tug－of－war (拔河比赛), ________________ a person is added, everyone else pulls the rope with less force. ⑥No matter which road you take, it will lead you to the station. →________________________， it will lead you to the station. （第四关）基本句型模仿背诵及巩固情境研磨记忆巩固 Ⅰ .单句语法填空 1．(剑桥高阶)It's important that parents should allow their children some ________ (independent). 2．It clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy ________ (adjust), high status has just the opposite effect on us. 3．(朗文当代)He never admitted his guilt or asked for ________ (forgive). 4．(中国日报)Yang Qian, 21, won the first gold medal of the Tokyo Olympics on Saturday in the women's 10－meter air rifle, she enjoyed the moment with smiles instead of ________ (tear). 5．(剑桥高阶)Without pausing to draw ________ (breathe) she told me everything. 6．(柯林斯词典)Elena was ________ (annoy) at having had to wait so long for him. 7．(朗文当代)He could not hide his ________ (embarrass) at his children's rudeness. 8．(剑桥高阶)Quite ________ (frank), I think this whole situation is ridiculous. 9．(剑桥高阶)I want to go somewhere where we're sure ________ (have) good weather. 10．As soon as he sat down at the table, he signaled to the waiter ________ (bring) the menu. Ⅱ.选词填空 by accident; let down; tell a lie; calm down; in a mess; tell the truth; adjust to; let off steam; pull one's weight; concentrate on 1．(柯林斯词典)The company now has a large number of workers who feel badly ____________. 2．(中国日报)We need to ____________ in reducing our emissions and influence the rest of the world to take urgent and coordinated action. 3．(朗文当代)It took a few seconds for her eyes to ____________ the darkness. 4．(朗文当代)The pilot, whether ____________ or design, made the plane do a sharp turn. 5．It is important to ____________ and hold a rational perspective on the strain as this is normal virus evolution. 6．(中国日报)There is nothing wrong if a losing athlete ____________ through Weibo. 7．(柯林斯词典)He can now ____________ a project he'd originally put to one side. 8．It is foolish of you to ____________ because the truth will come out sooner or later. 9．(中国日报)Children are often blamed for not completing homework, having poor time management or leaving the house ____________. 10．(中国日报)If a scientist is attached false labels only because of ____________， no scientist will want to carry out research into virus. Ⅲ.单句表达 1．(中国日报)赛前我们说过不管发生什么我们都会战斗到最后。 Before the match we said we'll fight until the end ____________． 2．急于见她的朋友，她没有骑自行车，而是乘坐出租车回家。 __________________________， she took a taxi home rather than ride a bike. 3．(中国日报)每次带女儿去她住的土楼，她都非常兴奋，因为这种体验与在现代建筑中生活完全不同。 ________________________________________________， she is highly excited, as the experience is totally different to life in a modern building. 4．我必须努力学习，因为我不想让我的父母失望。 I must study hard because I don't want to ________________________． 5．(牛津高阶)我气我自己那么轻易就让步了。 I ____________________ for giving in so easily. （第五关）必备重点语法精讲精练 名词和数词 高考真题练悟 单句语法填空 1．When the answer was no, she declined the ________ (invite)．[2022·浙江卷1月] 2．Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road, in order to promote environmental ________ (protect)．[2022·全国甲卷] 3．The GPNP's main goal is to improve connectivity between separate ________ (population) and homes of giant pandas, and eventually achieve a desired level of population in the wild.[2022·新高考全国卷Ⅰ] 4．“He saved my ________ (son) life，”said Mrs Brown.“I don't know how to thank him.”[2022·新高考Ⅱ卷] 5．The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we ________ (human) are. [感悟]　语法填空四谨记 1．空格处如果作动词或介词的宾语、或作主语，提示词常转换为名词。 2．若提示词是可数名词单数，分析句子成分后发现词性不需要改变，若有以下情况考虑名词复数： ①有数词或these, those, several, many, all, both, various, countless等词修饰时用名词复数形式。 ②名词前有one of时用名词复数形式。 ③若谓语动词是复数形式，且空处作主语，则空处应填名词复数形式。 3．提示词与其后的名词是所属关系， 应考虑名词的所有格。 4．基数词变序数词规律 ① 一般由基数词加-th构成：sixth; seventh; tenth; eleventh; hundredth； ②以y结尾的基数词， 先把y变为ie, 再加-th: twentieth; thirtieth ③不规则变形：first; second; third; fifth; eighth; ninth; twelfth等 考点多维突破 考点一 名词的数 一 、可数名词变复数的规则变化 可数名词变复数形式时一般在名词后面加-s或-es。变化形式如下表： 方法 典例 一般在词尾加-s map→maps, sea→seas girl→girls, day→days 以-s，-x，-ch，-sh结尾的名词后加-es(stomach除外) class→classes, box→boxes watch→ watches, dish→ dishes 以辅音字母＋-y结尾的名词 变y为i，再加-es country→ countries factory→ factories family→families baby→babies 以元音字母＋-y结尾的名词 在词尾直接加-s holiday→holidays monkey→monkeys 以-o结尾的名词 一般在词尾加-s piano→pianos photo→photos 有些在词尾加-es hero→heroes potato→potatoes tomato→tomatoes 以-f或-fe结尾的词 变-f或-fe为-v，再加-es leaf→leaves, knife→knives， wife→wives，wolf→wolves 加-s belief→beliefs，chief→chiefs， proof→proofs，roof→roofs， 二、可数名词变复数的不规则变化 名词变复数不规则变化的形式如下表： 方法 典例 增加字母 child→children，ox→oxen 改变名词中的元音字母或其他形式 man→men, woman→women, foot→feet, goose→geese，mouse→mice 单复数同形 Chinese，sheep，deer，series，means，works，species 表示“某国人”的名词 加-s American→Americans， German→Germans， Greek→Greeks 单复数同形 Portuguese, Chinese, Japanese 以-man或-woman结尾的，将-man和-woman分别改为-men, -women Englishman→Englishmen 三、不可数名词 1．常见的20个不可数名词 单词 词义 单词 词义 rubbish 垃圾 luggage 行李 information 信息 advice 建议 fun 乐趣 homework 家庭作业 progress 进步 equipment 设备 bread 面包 wealth 财富 knowledge 知识 room 空间 work 工作 weather 天气 music 音乐 news 新闻；消息 traffic 交通 meat 肉 word 消息 luck 运气 2.抽象名词的具体化 具有某种特性、状态、情感的抽象名词在表示具体的概念时，可以与不定冠词连用。 这就是抽象名词的具体化。 抽象名词 具体化 success成功 a success 一个(件)成功的人或事 failure 失败 a failure 一个(件)失败的人或事 surprise惊讶 a surprise 一件令人惊讶的事情 pleasure乐事 a pleasure 一件乐事 honour荣誉 an honour 一件引以为荣的事 即学即练 单句语法填空 1．In the 2010s, thanks to online streaming services, eSports grew rapidly with more worldwide tournaments, more viewers, and larger ________ (prize)．[2023·丽水、湖州、衢州三地市质量检测] 2．2022 witnesses the 350th anniversary of Rong Bao Zhai. The badge (徽章) for Rong Bao Zhai uses the Chinese ________ (character) of “three”， “five” and “zero”．[2023·湖南省高三六校联考] 3．It is widely considered that these social ________ (policy) will definitely improve the well-being of Chinese children.[2023·郴州市高三第一次教学质量监测] 4．Hopefully, the cute, witty, hi-tech Bing Dwen Dwen can become a classic and countless lasting ________ (memory) will stick in Olympic history.[2023·济宁市高考模拟] 5．Many legends and stories lie behind its red walls and under the golden ________(roof)．[2023·山东省淄博模拟] 考点二 名词所有格 情况 构成 示例 表示有生命的名词的所有格时 在词尾加“'s” the boy's bag，men's rooms 若名词已有复数词尾s 只在词尾加“'” the workers' struggle 省略格：在表示店铺、教堂、诊所的名称或某人的家时，名词所有格的后面常省略它所修饰的名词 at the doctor's 在诊所；at my sister's在我姐姐(妹妹)的家 表示时间、距离、长度、重量、价值、国家、城市等无生命名词的所有格 在词尾加“'s”来表示所属关系，意为“……的” a twenty minutes' walk, a ten miles' journey, two pounds' weight, ten dollars' worth 双重所有格 of＋名词“'s”结构 a friend of my father's, works of Lu Xun's 即学即练 单句语法填空 1．Once a beneficiary (受益者) of Project Hope, she is now calling on more people to join in the ________ (country) efforts to provide better education for all children.[2023·济南名校高三交流联考] 2．Compared with the class nine years ago, this ________ (year) lecture was greatly different.[2023·华中师大一附中考前测试] $$