语法填空 导学案 -2025届高三上学期英语一轮复习专项

语法填空技巧-第一讲（有提示词） 趣味导入 近日，天津的姜先生________（无意的）翻开一年级________（儿子）记事本，却发现本子上全是数字和图案的组合，完全看不懂。________当小朋友自己讲解起记事本中的内容时，思路清晰，解释合理。 题型概述 模块一：有提示词 1.名词 【考点一】名词的数 1. 形容词+名词 2. 数词/介词短语+n few， two， all， several， different， kinds of， dozens of， hundreds of， a number of， one of ... +名词复数 3. 冠词+名词 【注意】一些特殊用法 1. 外来语的复数：analysis---analyses分析，phenomenon---phenomena现象 2. 某些不可数名词：luggage/buggage行李， equipment设备， newspaper报纸， experience体验，literature文学，furniture家具，grammar语法，vocabulary词汇，history历史，homework等等 3. 复数表示额外含义：papers文件；证件，times时代；次数；倍数works作品，goods货物，sands沙滩，manners礼貌，customs海关，waters水域，fishes鱼（的品种），looks外貌 【例1-1】（**）（2020 浙江温州期中） As a teacher， you should know the _______ （strong） and weaknesses of your students. 【例1-2】（***）（2020 浙江温州期中） Liang Sicheng majored in ________ （architect） in Tsinghua University. 【注意】名词的数考查为必考，同学们在做题时要注意名词可能会发生多种变化，第一次变化一般是词性的变化（后面会讲），第二次是数的变化。 【练1-1】（**） It is important that students develop an ________（aware）of how the Internet can be used. 【练1-2】（*） More than two hundred ________（compete）entered the race. 【考点二】名词的格 1. 名词+’s 2. 名词s+’ 3. of+名词 【例1-3】（*） Crying is a sign of ________. （weak） 【练2-1】（*） There are many students living at school，the ________ （child）houses are all far from school. 2.形容词与副词 【考点一】形容词与副词的转变 1. 形容词+ly→副词 2. 辅音+y结尾：y→i+ly（easy→easily；lucky→luckily） 3. ue结尾：去掉e+ly（true→truly） 4. le结尾：e→y（possible→possibly；responsible→responsibly；capable→capably） 5. ic结尾：+ally（automatic→automatically；energetic→energetically） 6. ll结尾：直接+y（full→fully） 【练2-1】（*）将下列形容词转化为副词 final fortune comfortable wide polite 【考点二】形容词与副词的修饰关系 1. 形容词修饰名词 2. 副词修饰：①动词；②形容词；③副词；④句子 【例2-1】（**） I’ve heard that，in the Sahara，there is no shade during the day，and the stars seem ________ （especial）brilliant on clear nights. 【例2-2】（***）（经典易错） He was taken to hospital as his heart was beating ________ （regular）. 【练2-3】（**） It has been ________（official）announced that Trump，president of the USA，has been tested positive for COVID-19，which came as breaking news on the second day of our national holiday. 【练2-4】（***） The plot of the novel changed _________（drama），making the readers confused. 【考点三】比较级、原级与最高级 1. 比较级的标志：①than；②much；rather；even；③or（两者中）；④否定词（no/not） 2. 同级的标志：as...as 3. 最高级的标志：①the；②of/in+范围；③三者（以上） 【注意】比较级前也可有the： （1）the+比较级，the+比较级：越...，越... （2）在两者中，强调特指的一个：Of the two computers，I’d like the cheaper one. 【例2-3】（*）（2020 福建厦门外国语学校高一月考） The ________（sad）part of the whole story is not the death of the hero but the leaving of his best friend. 【例2-4】（**） While running regularly can't make you live forever，the review says it is ________（effective）at lengthening life than walking，cycling or swimming. 【练3-1】（**） （1）There could be an even ________（high）cost on your health. （2）According to a review of evidence in a medical journal，runners live three years________（long） than non-runners. （3）As a result，people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even ________（bad），the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. 3.数词 【考点一】the+序数词 【例3-1】（**） Chinese will become the ________ （five）elective test item for the Unified State Exam in addition to English，German，French and Spanish. 【注意】序数词前也可使用a/an，表示“再；又”。 【例3-2】（*）   He would try a ________（two）time. 【考点二】hundred/thousand/million/billion （1）hundreds of... （2）数字+hundred 【练3-4】（*） The chairperson received about three ________（thousand）applications to join the Bird Watching Club. 【考点三】分数 分子基数词，分母序数词，分子大于一，分母加s。 【例3-5】（**）（2017 全国2卷） To my three sons I leave my seventeen horses.My eldest son shall take a half，my second son shall take a ________ （three）. 【考点四】在某人多大时 in one’s + 整十的复数（人称代词）：in my eighties. 【练3-1】（*） Though the old man is in his ________ (nine), he is still very healthy. 【考点五】倍数 （1）倍数+比较级+than （2）倍数+as...as （3）倍数：once；twice；three times；four times... 【练3-2】（*） Her bike looks just the same as his，but it costs ________（two）as much as his. 4.代词 【考点一】人称代词与物主代词 大部分情况下，主语与宾语为同一词时，使用反身代词，不同则使用宾格。 【例4-1】（*） They are heading for Florida for ________（they）honeymoon and plan to frame the treasured picture as soon as they get back. 【练4-1】（**） We valued every chance we have to keep ________（we）on the right track. 【练4-2】（*） Generation after generation，our forefathers worked hard and created a splendid culture on this land of ________.（us） 5.动词 【考点一】谓语动词的时态与被动语态 （1）各种时态的表达法 （2）各种被动语态的表达法 时态 结构 一般现在时 主动：____________________ 被动：____________________ 一般过去时 主动：____________________ 被动：____________________ 一般将来时 主动：____________________ 被动：____________________ 过去将来时 主动：____________________ 被动：____________________ 现在进行时 主动：____________________ 被动：____________________ 过去进行时 主动：____________________ 被动：____________________ 现在完成时 主动：____________________ 被动：____________________ 过去完成时 主动：____________________ 被动：____________________ 现在完成进行时 主动：____________________ 被动：____________________ 将来进行时 主动：____________________ 被动：____________________ 【例5-1】（*） By the time she competed in the gymnastics tournament at the New York Goodwill Games，she ________（be）a junior gymnast for eleven years. 【例5-2】（***） Many years after the book __________ （publish），some people realized that the Shangri-la of the novel was a perfect match for Zhongdian in Yunnan province，China. 【练5-1】（***） 1．Jim ________（watch）a late－night film at home when，right in the middle of a thrilling scene，the television went blank. 2．The water supply has been cut off temporarily because the workers________（repair）one of the main pipes. 3．During the last three decades，the number of people participating in physical fitness programs________（increase）sharply. 4．He was unhappy when he sold his guitar.After all，he________（have）it for a very long time. 5．When I first met Bryan I didn’t like him，but I________（change）my mind. 6．The girl has a great interest in sport and________（take）badminton classes twice a week over the last three years. 7．We are confident that the environment________（improve）by our further efforts to reduce pollution. 8．“Life is like walking in the snow，” Granny used to say，“because every step________（show）．” 9．The three of us________（travel）around Europe for about a month last summer. 10．“The moment________（come）soon，”he thought to himself，waiting nervously. 【考点二】非谓语动词 （1）分词（主动/被动/进行/完成） （2）动名词（介宾+/no+/作主语） （3）不定式 【例5-3】（***） To everyone's joy， the medical team claims ________ （discover） a cure for the disease last week. 【例5-4】（***） The developed and developing countries of the world need to work together to make sure that people enjoy healthy and happy lives，without the environment around them _______（suffer）. 【例5-5】（***）（经典易错） The girl ________ （seat）behind me is my best friend. 【注意】非谓语动词是必考内容，且不会只考一个，切忌一句话：一个句子一个谓，两个句子连成对，没有连词用非谓。判断好非谓语动词后，分析非谓语与逻辑主语的关系（主谓/动宾），或通过翻译/固定搭配判断是否to do，最后分析非谓与谓语有无时间差。 【练5-2】（***） 1. They might just have a place________（leave）on the writing course － why don’t you give it a try? 2．________（stay）warm at night，I would fill the wood stove，then set my alarm clock for midnight so I could refill it. 3．The sunlight is white and blinding，________（throw）hard－edged shadows on the ground. 4．I got to the office earlier that day，________（catch）the 7：30 train from Paddington. 5．________（found）in the early 20th century，the school keeps on inspiring children’s love of art. 6．When I was little，my mother used to sit by my bed，________（tell）me stories till I fell asleep. 7．Lionel Messi，________（set）the record for the most goals in a calendar year，is considered the most talented football player in Europe. 8．Let those in need________（understand）that we will go all out to help them. 9．________（know）basic first－aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies. 10．________（hear）how others react to the book you have just read creates an added pleasure. 6.构词法 【考点一】名词/动词→形容词 （1）+able：reasonable；knowledgeable；acceptable （2）+al：national；traditional （3）+ern：western （4）+ful/less：hopeful；careless （5）+ish：foolish；childish （6）+ive：attractive；active （7）+en：wooden （8）+ous：dangerous；poisonous （9）+y：dusty；cloudy （10）+ic：economic （11）+ant/ent：resistant；dependent；independent 【练6-1】（**） 1．Jack will be elected because many __________（power）men support him. 2．Her ________（impress）smile always makes people warm. 3．We must be __________（consist）in applying the rules. 4．Other changes include more __________（tolerate）attitudes to some pop cultures. 5．Most of the people on the course were _________（profession）athletes. 6．In my opinion， making a_________（suit）timetable is necessary and important for us to make good use of our time. 7．He came from a perfectly _________（respect）middle-class family. 8．The little boy is __________（ignore）of the dangers of too much sun. 9．People tend to think that __________（economy）development is bad for the environment. 10．The students kept a _________（respect）distance from their teacher when they were walking in the hall. 【考点二】形容词/动词→名词 （1）+or/er：visitor；container （2）+ian：technician；musician （3）+ist：communist；socialist （4）+ment：government；movement；achievement （5）+tion/sion：invention；organization；translation；confusion；explosion；aggression （6）+ness：illness；carelessness （7）+ance/ence：existence；appearance；absence （8）+th：depth；warmth；truth （9）+ful：handful；mouthful （10）+（a）bility：possibility；reliability （11）+al：survival；approval；arrival （12）+y/ry：bravery；delivery；modesty （13）+dom：freedom；boredom （14）+age：marriage （15）+ant：assistant；applicant；immigrant；inhabitant （16）+ure：pressure；architecture；pleasure 【练6-2】（***） 1．Would you like the chance to discover a place of mystery， and __________（beautiful）in the south-west of China? 2．Our guides will have guns with them for ________（defend）--they can use the guns to scare the animals away if they come too near. 3．It is not rational to draw the ________（conclude）without deep consideration. 4．The sick man is under ________（observe）in hospital at present. 5．Out of ________（curious），he slipped into the apartment. 6．The government made an ________（announce）that they had established a new policy. 7．Her case is a ________（remind）of the dangers of the unhealthy weigh-loss habits that have become common among teenagers of both sexes. 8．She expresses her ________（individual）through her songs. 9．He decided to make his own ________ （contribute）to society as soon as he graduated from college. 10．Heated ________（argue） and cold silences are common between teenagers and their parents. 【考点三】形容词/名词→动词 （1）+fy/ify：simplify；purify （2）+en：shorten；sadden （3）+ize：apologize；realize；specialize （4）en+：enlarge；enrich 【考点四】反义前缀 （1）un+：unhappy；unfinished （2）dis+：disagree；disbelieve （3）in+： （il+字母l-；im+字母m-，b-，p-；ir+字母r-） inaccurate；illegal；impolite；imbalance ；irregular （4）mis+：misbehave；mislead；mistake （5）non+：nonsmoker 课后作业 1. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Hi, Mom received the top rating in 1．audience-satisfaction survey, which covered all the films released during the week-long Spring Festival holiday. The total ticket sales of the film had topped 4.27 billion yuan by the evening of Tuesday, 2．(it)12th screening day. According to the China Movie Data Information Network, 3．(hit) this milestone also meant it would become the fourth 4．(high) film of the all-time box office chart ever 5．(screen) in China. The top three earners are the action-adventure film Wolf Warrior 2, Ne Zha, and the sci-fi movie The Wandering Earth. The film tells a moving story. Jia XiaoLing, a devoted daughter, deeply saddened by her mother’s death in an accident, 6．(find) herself transported back to 1981, 7．she meets her mother and attempts to improve the latter’s fate by using ideas from the future. Hi, Mom, which Jia Ling described as a tribute (致敬) to her real-life mother who passed away8．(tragic) around two decades ago, brought many 9．(view) to tears. It also sparked online conversations on the topic of mother-daughter affection, 10．people sharing old photos of their own mothers at a young age. 2. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Ocean sounds may help people sleep at night, but animals in the oceans depend on 11． (they) for survival. Animals like dolphins, which rely on echolocation(回声定位) to hunt and “clicks” to communicate with their companions, 12． (be) now in trouble because ocean noise caused by humans has increased 13． (significant) since the Industrial Revolution. Ships alone have produced low-frequency sounds along shipping routes. That's along with noise from sonar, seismic surveys, pile driving and even motorboats, which traps whales in ice by 14． (delay) their travel, according to a review 15． (publish) last week in Science. The paper notes that climate change also threatens the soundtrack of the sea. The Great Barrier Reef has quieted over the years as it has become smaller 16． size and less habitable. Animals 17． rely on the sounds of coral reefs(珊瑚礁) to locate food and settlements may struggle to adapt. It is not just a simple 18． (assume) but a problem which deserves great attention and concern. The authors argue that reducing the human-made noise in the ocean should be a vital component of environmental policy and they say it can 19． (do). A study conducted at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic found that a reduction in shipping traffic contributed to an average decrease of noise in waters along shipping routes near the Port of Vancouver. That was 20． piece of inspiring news. 3. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个恰当的单词或者括号内单词的正确形式。 Differences in lifestyles and personalities result in roommate conflicts. One person likes quiet, while the other person turns up his sound system to the point 21． the whole room trembles. Most roommate conflicts spring from such small, 22． (annoy) differences rather than from major disagreements 23． abstract philosophical principles. However, if not 24． (deal) with carefully, they will eventually tear roommates apart. Roommate conflicts do harm 25． students’ psychological health and cause depression. In extreme cases, roommate conflicts can lead to serious violence, 26． they did at Harvard last spring: One student killed her roommate before committing suicide. So far, many schools 27． (start) conflict resolution programs to calm tensions that otherwise can build up like a volcano preparing to explode, 28． (result) in physical violence. Some colleges have turned to “roommate contracts” that all new students have to sign after attending a seminar on roommate relations. The contracts cover terms like 29． (accept) hours for study and sleep and a policy for use of each other’s 30． (belong), etc. 2 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$