课时作业(13)（配套练习）-【状元桥·优质课堂】2024-2025学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第一册（北师大版2019）

课时作业（十三）|UNIT3 答案精解Pm Period Three Lesson2&Lesson3一Comprehending(张时：35分钟) I.阅读 clothing "reaches their full potential"."It will be 见 challenging to make these clothes,equipped with In the movie The Wrong Trousers,a pair of fibers and technology,strong enough to go through futuristic trousers lets people walk on walls and multiple cycles in the laundry,"she said.Despite ceilings.Inspired by the movie,researchers in that.she says researchers will figure out a way England created "The Right Trousers",a set of forward."Recent breakthroughs point toward a not- trousers embedded()with electrical pumps to so-distant future where smart clothing will be a part force air into tiny tubes that expand and can help of our everyday life,"she said. elderly or disabled people with issues like getting up 1.What inspired the researchers to come up with or improving blood flow.Now.material scientists, “The Right Trousers"? computer programmers and fabric designers are A.A film. working to advance robotic clothing. B.A blood issue. In June,researchers in Australia created robotic C.The way electrical pumps work fibers,which can make fabric move automatically. D.The way the elderly and disabled move. Last year,scientists at MIT built fiber batteries that 2.What did scientists at MIT do last year? could be embedded into clothes and power robotie A.They put sensors in clothes. clothing.In recent years,Google partnered with B.They created movable robotic fibers. brands like L.evi's and Adidas to put sensors in C.They made batteries for robotic clothing. jackets,backpacks and shoes,letting users access D.They released smart clothing connected to cellphones. their phones instantly.Researchers said they could 3.What does Do's team find challenging? soon unlock an era where clothing will act more like A.Making robotic tubes smaller. a computer.sensing how your body feels and telling B.Keeping robotic tubes properly shaped. your clothes how to help. C.Producing stronger robotic tubes. At the University of New South Wales in D.Programming the shape of robotic tubes. Australia.researchers are creating fabrics that can 4.What is Rebecca's attitude toward the future of shape-shift.Thanh Nho Do,a senior lecturer at the smart clothing? school,said his team has created tiny tubes that can A.Doubtful. B.Indifferent. weave into sheets of fabric.These tubes can make C.Worried. D.Hopeful. fabric take various preprogrammed shapes.But B challenges still remain for Do's team,notably around We know light pollution can threaten the heath making these robotic tubes smaller so they can weave and well-being of humans,animals,and the environment. easily with other fabrics. Researchers have long studied the impact on birds Rebecca Kramer Bottiglio from Yale University and how brightness can affect their reproduction( agreed that many challenges remain before smart),feeding,and migration behaviors.A new study. ·153· published in Nature,takes a comprehensive look at highest availability of their food,"Francis says. how light pollution affects birds throughout North "Again,this needs to be tested.Still,if true,it America.It found that these factors can affect how means that birds exposed to light pollution are'keeping birds succeed in reproduction and often are related to up'with climate change and those in pristine areas the impacts of climate change. where there is no light pollution would not. For the study,researchers looked at data collected by 5.What does the passage mainly talk about? other researchers and by citizen scientists.They analyzed A.The data that had been collected previously. how light pollution affeeted the reproduetive success B.The effects of light pollution on birds reproduction. of more than 5,800 nests from 142 bird species C.The ways to improve birds'reproductive success. across North America.They considered several D.The loss of birds caused by light pollution. factors including the time of year when reproduction 6.What happens to birds exposed to light pollution happened and whether at least one chick got the according to the text? feathers necessary for flight or independent activity. A.They get confused about the reproductive time. Birds typically reproduce about the same time B.They are more likely to abandon their babies. each year.using daylight cues to time their C.They have a harder time finding food. reproduction to coincide with when the most food D.It's harder for them to hatch the eggs. will be available to feed their babies."Artificially 7.What does the underlined part "that change"in changing day length with light pollution essentially the last paragraph refer to? misleads them to start reproducing earlier than they A.They nest earlier. normally would,"Francis says.When that happens, B.Plants grow faster. sometimes chicks hatch before food is available.But C.Insects appear earlier. with climate change.sometimes the results are a D.There are more lights. little different. 8.What might Francis most agree with according to "We also found that the same species that reproduce the last paragraph? earlier appear to benefit from light exposure in terms A.Light pollution has a great negative effeet on of nest success.This was unexpected.We do not the birds'life know for sure that light pollution helps birds cope B.Climate change is causing birds to change their with climate change.It needs to be tested in further food choices. research.Nevertheless,it is quite possible that light C.Birds look for other suitable breeding sites allows birds to'catch up'to earlier prey availability because of light pollution. due to climate change,"Francis explains. D.Birds are adjusting their reproductive time to Researchers know through studies of climate adapt to climate change. change that plants and insects are starting to emerge Ⅱ.完形填空 carlier each spring.They respond to warmer temperatures In 2014.Xu Yitang.a student at the National rather than light.So possibly the birds are benefiting Academy of Chinese Theatre Arts,saw corals at an from that change."A likely explanation is that light aquarium for the first time. pollution causes birds to nest earlier and restore the Little did he know the chance 1 with the match between the timing of their nesting and the creature would spark a lifelong 2.He began to ·154· 3 the local market to learn about coral farming 9.A.Somehow B.Nevertheless from merchants selling plants.fish and corals.He C.Therefore D.However also searched for information on relevant forums 10.A.extinction B.extension online,and before long.started 4 a coral in a C.decline D.boost small fish tank at home. 11.A.responsibility B.relief "The coral organism is easily 5 and has C.achievement D.depression extremely high 6 for water quality,recalls Xu. 12.A.compares with B.applies for "In the beginning,its state was not good." C.seeks out D.acts as As he became better 7 of the creature,he 13.A.find out B.note down learned that coral reefs are known as "tropical C.show off D.speed up rainforests"and "underwater gardens"of the ocean. 14.A.revised B.contributed providing 8 for a quarter of all marine life. C.announced D.featured 15.A.assess B.follow C.relate D.invent 9,rising sea temperatures have led to coral 10.Xu felt an increasing sense of urgency and Ⅲ.语法填空 With 1. 11 to protect them. area of more than 397 Fast-forward to today,he 12 a coral square kilometers,Wulingyuan Scenic and Historic Interest Arca sits in Central China's Hunan Province,It conservationist in a Sanya-based tropical biological 2 (include)three sections:the Zhangjiajie research center. National Forest Reserve,the Suoxi Brook area and Each day,he spends several hours diving deep the Tianzi Mountain area.The major topography() under the waves to observe and 13 the growth consists of sandstone hills.gradually 3. and development of the creatures. (develop)into more than 3.103 amazing peaks. His story has been 14 in the recently many of 4. are over 400 meters high. premiered online program Burning Youth that aims Between the peaks lie valleys with streams,pools to use documentary shorts and in-depth studio and waterfalls,and some 40 caves,as well as two interviews to 15 the inspiring stories of young large natural bridges.Remote 5. the Chinese people from various walks of life. modern cities,the site is 85 pereent covered with trees. 1.A.incident B.witness The Wulingyuan is known for five 6. C.encounter D.consumption (wonder):splendid peaks,unique rocks,quiet valleys. 2.A.passion B.vision still waters and deep caves.It 7. (list) C.friendship D.career as a UNESCO World Natural Heritage Site in 1992. 3.A.study B.frequent C.examine D.discover The entire area is covered with towering cliffs of 4.A.treating B.preserving sandstone and many forests which cover fantastic C.selecting D.growing caves.The sandstone hills in Wulingyuan are unique 5.A.convinced B.pollinated C.damaged D.digested in their large number.With the change of seasons and 6.A.benefits B.requirements the weather,they 8. constant present C.yields D.responses different views to visitors.One of the 9. 7.A.reminded B.informed (high)mountains in this area is Tuerwangyue Feng C.warned D.convinced or Rabbit Watching the Moon Peak,and Tianzi 8.A.shelters B.partners Mountain is particularly recommended for 10. C.opportunities D.services (it)good view. ·15510.A 根据上下文可知,浴缸里有很多叶子,针在里面可以 课时作业(十二) 挖洞并把自己藏起来,这类动物经常这样做。由此可知,那 层级一 语用巩固 个浴缸是个适合(satisfactory)针曜的地方。 1.单句语法填空 11.D 浴缸适合针曜,于是作者把它安顿(settle)在了那里。 5. to blame 1. unusual 2. endangered 3. illegally 4. varied 12. C 根据下文的 There was no echidna. I finally found him可 10. Hunting 6.a 7. out 8. masses 9. affects 知,第二天作者去看它的时候,只看到了堆积的树叶。in II.选词填空 sight看得见,在视野内。 1. due to 2. do your part 3. was wiped out 13. B 根据语境和下文的under our front gate 以及ready to go 4. has an important role 5. According to 6. switched off home可知,针暖在试图逃跑(escape)。 II.单句写作 14.A 根据上下文内容可知,它显然(obviously)已经准备回家 1. play a major role in 了,所以Jacqui和作者开车去了她发现(spot)它的地方,看 2. varied reasons 着它高兴地走了 3. is to blame for the accident 15.C 参见上题解析。 4. Much affected by the story of him 5. twice heavier than/three times as heavy as 课时作业(十三) IV.课文语法填空 I.阅读 1. that 2. have been 5. varied 3. including 4. reasons A 6. to blame 7. faster 8. It 9. occurs 10. at 语篇 主题语境:人与社会/科技发展与信息技术创新。 层级二 素养提升 导读 本文为说明文,主要介绍智能服装或将入驻我们的未 V.阅读 来衣树。 语篇 主题语境:人与社会/社会服务。本文为说明文, 导读 1.A 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知,研究人员受到一 主要介绍了摩根仙境主题公园的建立和特色。 部电影的启发,发明了名为TheRightTrousers的智能裤子, 1.B 主旨大意题。根据首段可知,本文主要是讲一个特殊主 故选A项。 题公园的建立和特色,故选B项。 2.C 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知,去年,麻省理工学 2.A 词句猜测题。根据第二段以及第三段第一、二句可知,不 院的科学家们发明了纤维电池,为智能衣物供能,故选C项。 同年龄和能力的人都能在一个有趣和安全的环境中玩要目 3.A 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段末句可知,目前Thanh 该游乐设施专为轮椅使用者设计,让每个家庭成员都能享受 NhoDo和他的团队遇到的挑战是如何让这些机械软管变得 其中的乐趣。由此推测ultra-accessible意为“所有游客都能 更小、更适合纺织,故选A项。 很容易地使用这些设备”,故选A项。 4.D 推理判断题。根据最后一段末句可知,RebeccaKramer 3.D 细节理解题。根据第四段末句可知,公园提供了特殊的 Bottiglio对智能衣物的未来充满希望,故选D项。 椅子来防止个人轮椅被损坏,故选D项。 B 4.D 细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句可知,GPS手环可以 语篇 主题语境:人与自然/人与动物。一本文为说明文, 让游客享受电子设备带来的便利,故选D项。 导读 介绍了光污染如何影响整个北美乌类的研究。 VI.完形填空 语篇 5.B 主旨大意题。通读全文,并结合第一段第二句可知,这篇 主题语境:人与自然/人与动物。本文为记叙文, 导读 文章主要介绍的是光污染对鸟类繁殖的影响,故选B项。 讲述了作者救助针殿并把它放回大自然的故事。 6.A 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知,鸟类暴露在光污 1.D 根据常识和下文的I carefully undidthe towel 可知, 染中会使它们对繁殖时间感到困惑,故选A项。 Jacqui用毛中包裹(wrap)着一只受伤的针。 7.C 词句猜测题。根据画线词上一句可知,鸟类可能从这种 2.B 根据hemay losealeg可知,她认为针器可能失去一条 变化中受益,所以thatchange指的是昆虫出现得更早,故选 腿,所以非常忧虑(troubled)。 C项。 3.A 根据上文my clinic和下文Iknowa lot..manage可知,作 8.D 推理判断题。根据最后一段末句可推断,Francis认为鸟 者应是一名兽医,医治鸟类是她的专长(speciality)。 类正在调整它们的繁殖时间以适应气候变化,故选D项。 4.A 作者擅长医治各种鸟类,所以人们经常把受伤或生病的 II.完形填空 鸟儿放下,让“我”照顾它们恢复健康(health),“我”做得很 主题语境:人与自然/自然生态。本文为记叙文, 好,但“我”从未接触过针曜。dropoff顺便把某人/某物送到 某处;sendon转送;pick out挑选出;leave aside不予考虑,搁 主要讲述了徐一唐和珊瑚之间的故事。 置一边,故选A项。 1.C 他一点也不知道与这个生物的偶然相遇(encounter)会点 5.C 参见上题解析。 燃他一生的激情(passion)。 2.A 6.B 根据上文的but可知,此处与前半句在语意上存在转折关 参见上题解析。 系,即作者经常医治各种鸟类,但是从来没处理过(handle) 3.B 他开始经常(frequent)去当地的市场,向卖植物、鱼和珊 针。 瑚的商人学习珊瑚养殖。 7.C 作者原以为针可能失去一条腿,由于没有经验,对医治它 4.D 他还在网上搜索了相关论坛的信息,不久之后,他开始在 不太有把握,后来看到它的四条腿完好,作者感到很欣慰(relief) 家里的一个小鱼缸里种植(grow)珊瑚 8.B 结合常识和上文的I attached a small oxygen mask(面罩) 5.C 下文提到珊瑚对水质要求高,说明很容易被损坏(damage)。 to hisnose可知,第二天早上,作者移除(remove)了针殿的氧 6.B 根据下文forwaterquality可知,此处指珊瑚对水质的要 气面罩。 求(requirement)高. 9.D 根据语境和下文的keeping his eye onme可知,针殿十分 7.B 随着他对这种生物了解的(informed)加深,他了解到珊瑚 警惕(watchful),关注着作者的一举一动。 礁被称为海洋的“热带雨林”和“水下花园”,为四分之一的海 ·190· 洋生物提供了避难所(shelter)。reminded被提醒的;warned 课时作业(十四) 已警告的;convinced信服的。 层级一 8.A 参见上题解析。 语用巩固 9.D 然而,不断上升的海洋温度导致了珊瑚的减少(decline)。 I.单句语法填空 10.C 参见上题解析。 I. wrapping 2. angry 3. dirty 4. wasteful 5. awareness 11.A 徐感到保护它们的紧迫感和责任感(responsibility)越来 6. Anxiously 7. cleaning 8. realistic 9. stuck 10. collection 越强。relief安慰:achievement成就;depression沮丧。 II.选词填空 12.D 如今,他在三亚的热带生物研究中心担任(actas)珊瑚 1. sit around 2. To be frank 3. picked up 4. is related to 保护主义者。compare with与......相比;apply for申请; 5. an average of 6. stressed out 7. Compared to 8. up to seek out寻找。 9. has gone up 10. traffic jam 13.B 每天,他花几个小时潜入深海观察和记录(notedown)生 III. 单句写作 物的生长发育。find out查明;show off炫耀;speed up加速。 1. the price of wheat will go up 14.D他的故事被最近首播的网络节目《当燃青春》报道,该节 2. public awareness of environmental protection 目旨在用纪录片短片和深入的演播室采访来讲述来自各行 3. stressed the importance of 各业的中国年轻人的励志故事。revise修改;contribute有 4. Addicted to playing the violin 助于;announce宣布;feature以......为特色,放映,上演,故 5. while I had an idea of going to a nicer plaee 选D项。 IV.课文语法填空 15. C 根 据下 文 the inspiring stories of young Chinese people 1. angry 2. has gone 3. an 4. causes 5. are caused 6. driving from various walks of life可知,这个节目讲述了(relate)来 7. by 8. going 9. whether 10. kinder 层级二 自各行各业的中国年轻人的励志故事。 素养提升 III. 语法填空 V.阅读 语篇 A 主题语境:人与社会/历史、社会与文化。本文为 导读 语篇 说明文,介绍了位于中国湖南省的武陵源风景名胜区。 主题语境:人与自然/自然生态。本文为说明文,介绍 导读 1.an 考查冠词。句意:武陵源风景名胜区位于中国中部的湖 了加拿大班夫国家公园重新引入了一些北美野牛。 南省,面积超过397平方公里。withanareaof.面积有.....,为 1.A 细节理解题。根据第二段前两句可知,保护小组把北美 固定搭配,area的发音为元音音素开头,故此处应用不定冠 野牛转移到封闭的草原上是为了观察它们,故选A项。 词an,表示泛指。 2.A 细节理解题。根据第三段首句可知,加拿大在班夫国家 考查时态和主谓一致。句意:它包括三个部分:张 2. includes 公园重新引入北美野牛是为了重塑班夫的生态系统,故选 家界国家森林保护区、索溪地区和天子山地区。句子陈述 A项。 的是客观事实,应用一般现在时;主语为It,故填includes。 3.B 细节理解题。根据最后一段可知,残酷的狩猎是导致北 3.developing 考查非谓语动词。句意:主要地貌由硬岩丘陵组 美野牛数量大幅减少的主要原因,故选B项。 成,逐渐发展成3103多座惊人的山峰,其中许多超过400米 4.D 写作意图题。本文主要介绍了加拿大班夫国家公园重新 高。句中有谓语动词consistsof,且空前无连词连接,故空处 引人了一些北美野牛,通读全文可推知作者写这篇文章的目 应用非谓语动词,句中表示自然而然的结果,故用现在分词 的是告知读者北美野牛返回了班夫,故选D项。 作结果状语。 B 1 考查引导词。句子为非限制性定语从句,先行词为 4. which 语篇 主题语境:人与自然/人与动植物。本文为说明 peaks,指物,在从句中作of的宾语,故用关系代词which引导。 导读 文,主要讲述了科学家对Megalodon这种蜜鱼体型大 5.from考查介词。句意:该遗址远离现代城市,85%被树木 小、长度的研究过程和成果。 覆盖。(be)remote from...远离.....,为固定搭配。 5.A 词句猜测题。画线句讲到,他终于有机会研究自已梦寐 6.wonders 考查名词的数。句意:武陵源以五大奇观而闻名: 以求的项目,非常激动,因此overthemoon意为“非常激动 壮丽的山峰、独特的岩石、宁静的山谷、静水和深逐的洞穴 的”,故选A项。 wonder(奇观)为可数名词,根据five可知,空处应用名词复 6.B 细节理解题。根据第三段前两句可知,JackCooper领导 数形式。 的这项新研究的特别之处在于该研究基于五种现代贫鱼的 7. was listed 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:它在1992年 数据,故选B项。 被联合国教科文组织列为世界自然遗产。句子陈述的是过 7.C 细节理解题。根据最后一段首句可知,研究人员发现巨 去发生的事,It指代上文的TheWulingyuan,与list之间为逻 齿贫背上的可以和成年人类一样高,故选C项 辑上的动宾关系,故句子应用一般过去时的被动语态;主语 8.B 主旨大意题。本文主要对Megalodon的身体比例,长度 为it,故填was listed. 进行了分析,故选B项。 8. constantly 考查词性转换。句意:随着季节和天气的变化, 课时作业(十五) 它们不断向游客呈现不同的景观。空处作状语修饰动词 层级一 present,应用副词形式。constantly不断地。 语用巩固 9. highest 考查比较等级。句意:该地区最高的山峰之一是兔 I.单词拼写 儿望月,又叫赏月免峰,天子山因其良好的景观而被特别推 1. essay 2. Organic 3. billions 4. opponents 5. instance 荐。“oneofthe十形容词最高级十可数名词复数”意为“最..... 6. claimed 7. Chemical 8. cruel 9. involved 10. temple 的...之一”,为固定句式。 II.单句语法填空 10. its 考查代词。view为名词,前面应用形容词性物主代词 I. cruelty 2. was involved 3. for 4. chemicals 5. claiming 修饰。 6.scenic 7. was carved 8. a ·191·