精品解析：河南省洛阳市2023-2024学年高二下学期6月期末英语试题

洛阳市2023—2024学年高二质量检测 英语试卷 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在 答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What’s the woman busy with? A. A concert. B. An exam. C. A party. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Where are the speakers? A. In the kitchen. B. At a shop. C. At a restaurant. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What’s the woman? A. A pilot. B. A taxi driver. C. An airport receptionist. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 How are the man’s shoes? A. Worn out. B. Out of fashion. C. Too tight. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What should be done before opening a door in a fire? A. Sound the alarm clock. B. Make sure the door is cold. C. Go directly to the emergency exit. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. What does the woman think important about the apartment? A The transportation. B. The price. C. The size. 7. How much is the house rent a year? A. $2, 000. B. $2, 700 C. $7, 200. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. How many courses can a student choose? A. One. B. Two. C. Three. 9. Who will the woman turn to for help? A. Her parents. B. Her professor. C. Her friend. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 10. When and where will they gather tomorrow? A. At 7: 00 on the bus. B. At 8: 00 on the bridge. C. At 6: 00 at the gate of the hotel. 11. What can they do at The Rocks Markets? A. Watch the sunrise. B. Enjoy original artworks. C. Visit famous historical sites. 12. Which place is the woman looking forward to visiting? A. The museum. B. The market. C. The bridge. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 13. What language does the woman suggest? A. French. B. German C. Spanish. 14. How did the woman learn a new language at first? A. By using an app. B. By taking an online course. C. By attending a language school. 15. What is the man? A. A programmer. B. An engineer. C. A teacher. 16. Why does the man want to learn a new language? A. To study abroad. B. To design programs. C. To inspire his students. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. What will the man do right after graduation from high school? A. Go to university. B. Travel in the world. C. Do voluntary work. 18. What’s the man interested in? A. Traditional Chinese architecture. B. Ancient buildings in his homeland. C. Famous buildings around the world. 19. What does the man’s father wish him to be? A. A doctor. B. A teacher. C. A lawyer. 20. What’s the man’s goal? A. Living in his own green house. B. Designing environment-friendly houses. C. Raising money for poor children in London. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Inventions born out of love Garbage Disposers (处理器) John W. Hammes, an architect from Wisconsin, created the InSinkErator in 1935. Hammes got the idea after watching his wife spend time wrapping food in newspaper and throwing it out. The InSinkErator is a device, put under a kitchen sink between the sink’s drain (排水管)and the trap. The disposal unit tears food waste into pieces small enough—generally less than 2 mm in diameter(直径) —to pass through the drains. Surgical Gloves William Stewart Halsted, M. D. (1852-1922)was a well-known US surgeon who is often called the “Father of Modern Surgery”. Known for his strict insistence to sterile(无菌的) working conditions, Halsted invented rubber gloves that allowed his colleagues to lessen the transfer of germs(细菌)during their work. Yet the initial reason why he created them is more romantic than you would think. Knowing Caroline, a nurse, suffered from a skin diseuse during her work, Halsted invented the gloves especially for her and gave them to her as a gift after their marriage. Band-Aids When Josephine Knight Dickson from New Jersey kept cutting herself while cooking for her family in the 1920s, her husband, Earle Dickson, stepped in. Dickson, a cotton buyer for Johnson &Johnson, according to the company’s website, decided to invent a temporary adhesive (有黏性的) bandage for his wife. His creation became the Band-Aid we all know and use today. Magnetic (有磁性的)Shirt Buttons Maura Horton’s husband, Don, was a football coach who had Parkinson’s disease. One day, after Don struggled to button his shirt before a game, Horton decided there needed to be a better clothing option for people suffering from a disability. So, Horton designed a shirt with magnetic buttons in 2012. These buttons will finally allow everyone to dress and undress themselves efficiently. 21. What’s the function of the InSinkErator? A. It can clear sink pipes. B. It can recycle kitchen waste. C. It can remove food waste easily. D. It can extend the service life of sinks. 22. For whom did William invent surgical gloves? A. A nurse. B. The patient. C. The surgeons D. His colleagues. 23. Which is the latest invention? A. The InSinkErator B. Band-Aids C. Surgical Gloves. D. Magnetic Shirt Buttons. B Two teams of scientists—one in Denmark and the other in the UK—came up with the same question at about the same time: Could they identify the animals in an area from DNA that was simply floating in the air? Testing for “environmental” DNA, or eDNA, isn’t a new idea, but most of the time, scientists look for eDNA in the water. DNA in the air is usually so small that it would take a microscope to see it. “We did not think that vacuuming (用真空吸尘器吸) animal DNA from the air would work at first, but the result is pleasantly surprising,” said Dr. Kristine Bohmann, one of the scientists on the Copenhagen team. Neither team knew the other group was working on a similar experiment. One collected samples from different places at Denmark’s Copenhagen Zoo, and the other at Hamerton Zoo Park in the UK. The scientists used slightly different methods to collect their samples. But basically, both teams used vacuums and fans to collect extremely tiny bits of DNA onto very high-quality filters (过滤器) . In the laboratory, they got the DNA from the filters and made copies of it to study. By comparing their samples with examples of DNA from different animals, the scientists were able to identify many different animals at the zoos. The scientists chose to test in zoos because they had scarce animals which are not naturally and easily found in the area. As Dr. Elizabeth Clare who led the UK team said, “There’s no other way I would detect DNA from a tiger, except for the zoo’s tiger.” Each team only discovered the other experiment after they’d written a paper about their own results. Instead of competing, the two decided to combine their results and publish a paper together. “We are excited that this new method could be used in the wild. Scientists have been looking for better ways to track endangered animals without affecting them. If researchers know where animals live, they can do a better job of protecting them. The next step is to figure out how to take this method into nature,” says Dr. Bohmann. 24. Which is the feature of DNA in the air? A. It is usually preserved shortly. B. It was thought difficult to collect. C. It is too small to be found and classified. D. It was collected for other researches before. 25. How did both teams of scientists collect DNA samples? A. By equipping the zoos with filters. B. With the help of vacuums and fans. C. By keeping animals in the laboratory. D. With the help of advanced microscopes. 26. What does the underlined word “scarce” in the fourth paragraph mean? A. Characteristic. B. Dangerous. C. Various. D. Rare 27. What does Dr Bohmann think of the study? A. Special. B. Perfect. C. Meaningful. D. Complex. C Thanks to the $10bn James Webb Space Telescope, we are beginning to “see” the radiant heat of the early universe like never before. On Monday night, to the excitement of professional astronomers and amateurs the world over, the telescope’s first full-colour image of deep space was released. The striking image, taken at minimally explored wavelengths and never-before-seen resolution, reveals a large number of universal objects. The image is yet to be fully analysed but some objects are relics (遗迹) dating to within 0.7bn years of the Big Bang, the explosion that created our universe 13.8bn years ago. A new era (时代) of astronomy, in which we can finally see the oldest objects in the universe and gain a fuller understanding of its origins, has officially begun. Tuesday saw four more important results emerge from the Webb’s first week of observations. Chris Lintott, professor of astrophysics at Oxford University and a researcher on galaxy (星系) formation, said he was blown away by the quality and beauty of the images. “It knocked my socks off,” Lintott said on Tuesday. “I was sitting in a roomful of galaxy experts when the Stephan’s Quintet image was shown, and jaws hit the floor. The Webb is going to produce some of the most amazing pictures of the space age.” Webb’s “first deep field”, as the image of deep space released on Monday is known, is a picture taken over 12. 5 hours. It shows the cotton-wool-like galaxy cluster (团) SMACS 0723 centrally in the foreground, plus bright white stars. As Lintott points out, bigger light-collecting mirrors result in sharper images, of the type that Webb is now delivering. The investment in the James Webb Space Telescope’s large foldable mirror has paid off. It is hard to believe that the Earth-orbiting telescope, regarded as one of the most complex engineering projects ever attempted and nearly cancelled a decade ago, has begun operating successfully. 28. What may be most probably talked about before paragraph 1? A The radiant heat. B. Some astronomers. C. Some universal objects. D. The history of mankind. 29. How did Chris Lintott react to Stephan’s Quintet image? A. He was humble. B. He was tolerant. C. He was surprised. D. He was prejudiced. 30 What can we know about Webb according to the last paragraph? A. It is a complex project. B. It is regarded useless. C. It was put into use a decade ago. D. It was innovated by Chris Lintott. 31. Which would be a suitable title for the passage? A. The story of an inventor B. Chris Lintott made a breakthrough C. The image of relics of the Big Bang D. A new era of astronomy has begun D In my memory, winters always used to be really unpleasant. You had to wear more clothes just to keep warm when you went outside. You were often cold and wet. If you didn’t have a terrible slide, you’d arrive home to an ice-cold house. And that would mean turning on the heating and waiting. It’s a miracle (奇迹) you didn’t get cold to the bone. Fortunately, things don’t have to be so challenging any more. Technology, engineering and design have advanced giving us new solutions to old problems. It means dealing with winter needn’t be like skating on thin ice. With a smart thermostat (恒温器) our homes can be comfortable when we need them. Many models feature smartphone apps that allow you to regulate temperature remotely, so we can warm up the house before we arrive home. According to techradar. com, the largest UK- based consumer technology news and reviews website, Tado’s model features voice control, while the Nest ‘learns’ your habits and automatically heats the home for you. Clothes have been given an upgrade, too. Electronic thermal jackets heat up when you turn them on. What better way to keep comfortable in the dead of winter? At the touch of a button, or through an app on our phones, the clothing generates heat from elements placed inside. Many models offer three levels of heating which stay warm for over 12 hours. Finally, there is the headgear—Beanies (女帽) and earmuffs (耳罩) that feature speakers included in the fabric using Bluetooth technology so we can listen to our favourite music or, in some cases, have a phone call using the in-built microphone. At the same time we can keep the head warm and avoid cold. For many, the thought of winter used to be enough to make their blood run cold. But using technology, life needn’t freeze up. With the right solutions, there’s no reason why winter can’t be really, really cool. 32. What’s the writing purpose of paragraph 1? A. To lead in some amazing advances. B. To sell electronic thermal jackets. C. To explain the benefits of modern houses. D. To tell readers unpleasant winters in the past. 33. What can we do using a smart thermostat and a phone? A. Make winter cool. B. Track your daily routines. C. Browse the website easily. D. Adjust temperatures remotely. 34. How does electronic thermal clothes work? A. By giving them an upgrade. B. By producing heat from elements put inside. C. By generating energy to keep you comfortable. D. By learning your habit of wearing jackets or parkas. 35. Where are the speakers in a Bluetooth beanie? A. They are put in an earphone. B. They are hidden in the phone. C. They are included in the fabric. D. They are placed in a small case. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Certain brands and products can be easily recognized at a glance by people worldwide. ____36____ Just mentioning the words golden arches (拱门) brings to mind burgers and fries from McDonald’s. With such universal popularity, many people are confused as to why these large and famous companies do so much advertising and have such large advertising budgets. ____37____ Most business owners who are just starting to understand how vital advertising is to their growth. Putting in the time and money to market your company can help it grow over time. ____38____ Continuing to advertise after achieving success helps businesses maintain a positive image with the public. It can also help attract new customers as demographics (客户群体) change as time passes. Furthermore, advertising helps to inform your customers of updates to old products and introduce new ones. However, the ultimate goal of advertising for both big and small companies is to earn more income and maximize profits. ____39____ Is it better to stick to traditional forms of media, like newspapers and television, or embrace (接纳) new forms of online advertising on social media sites? While many new smaller companies tend to focus their limited budgets on social media and internet marketing, it is usually better for larger, well-established companies to do both. For example, over 95% of homes receive television signals, while only around 75% of the population has access to the internet. ____40____ Also, older, wealthier people are more likely to notice television advertising than online advertising. While the focus of advertising might change over time, companies must certainly continue to use it to grow. A. Is advertising necessary? B. After all, shouldn’t their global success speak for itself? C. This same principle holds true for older successful brands. D. Therefore, television advertising gives companies access to more people. E. Another major question companies must find the answer to is how to advertise. F. The money invested in these advertisements could be used for more worthwhile businesses. G. Almost everyone is familiar with the red labeling of Coca-Cola or the symbolic flower logo of Huawei. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Walking by Mr. Groll’s yard is the worst part of our morning walk—the unfriendly shape nearby that shades us: Mr. Groll. “Hello, Mr. Groll.” I ____41____ him as I do every morning. And he never answers me. But I know he’s there, watching, behind his fence. Why does he ____42____ me? It’s a mystery (迷). Maybe he’s afraid of me because I’m blind. ____43____ scare grown-ups sometimes. Then I ____44____ hearing him playing with my friend Jimmy, who’s in a wheelchair. Maybe Mr. Groll does not like Vietnamese ____45____. No. Every Saturday Mr. Groll and my big brother, Lien, help each other with yard work. Me and Chó! An idea ____46____ my mystery. Maybe I do know why Mr. Groll doesn’t talk to me! So, I attach Chó to a post, and I ____47____ my way along the fence. “Mai! Be ____48____!” Mr. Groll’s loud voice steadies my ____49____ while his hand steadies my elbow (肘部). “You solve my mystery. It isn’t because I’m blind that you don’t like me. Or because I am a Vietnamese.” I ____50____. “It’s Chó who scares.” He _____51_____ his large voice. “I like you, Mai. And Chó, too. But up close, Chó scares my ____52____ away,” he says. I tell him, “Your fear of Chó may be big, but _____53_____ is bigger. We will help. Come with me.” I hear a smile in Mr. Groll’s voice. “OK,” he says, “I _____54_____ you, my friend.” Then I take Mr. Groll’s hand in mine and guide it to Chó’s head. _____55_____, Mr. Groll pets Chó’s ears. Friendly Chó—good Chó—swings her tail. Our new friendship begins. 41. A. inquire B. greet C. bother D. perceive 42. A. tolerate B. criticize C. punish D. ignore 43. A. Disabilities B. Challenges C. Patients D. Animals 44. A. miss B. find C. recall D. imagine 45. A. neighbors B. adults C. students D. locals 46. A. solves B. brightens C. investigates D. creates 47. A. fight B. push C. lose D. feel 48 A. brave B. active C. quiet D. careful 49. A. courage B. panic C. discovery D. exploration 50. A. complain B. illustrate C. sigh D. argue 51. A. hears B. expresses C. keeps D. lowers 52. A. friends B. fellows C. words D. ideas 53. A. company B. friendship C. kindness D. politeness 54. A. trust B. warn C. detect D. respect 55. A. Accurately B. Hesitantly C. Aimlessly D. Fearfully 第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China-made autonomous sweepers are grabbing attention all over the globe, as the country uses its technological expertise (专长) ____56____ (release) new quality productive forces in the field of cleanliness. A Shanghai-based high-tech company has received ____57____ world’s first road testing license for autonomous sweepers. The company’s latest product, ____58____ (launch) in March, combines three cleanliness tasks—sweeping, road spraying, and garbage transportation and is able to cut overall cleanliness operation costs by 70 percent. Equipped ____59____ technologies including millimeter-wave radars (雷达), cameras and high-precision positioning, the sweepers can achieve precise edge fitting, safe obstacle (障碍) avoidance, emergency avoidance, flexible turning and direction switching during operation. In recent months, its advanced technology and features have attracted the attention of several local residents as well as ____60____ (visitor). The vehicles operate powerfully, especially during extreme weather. After completing the daily cleaning tasks, they ____61____ (automatic) drive to the garbage collection area and complete dumping (倾倒) task by ____62____ (they). Liang Haiming, director of Hainan University’s Belt and Road Research Institute, said that unmanned sweepers made in China have advantages in automation technology, smart management and the application of new energy, ____63____ helps to improve safety and work ____64____ (efficient). “In addition to cleanliness, the field of autonomous driving ____65____ (include) limited and low-speed environments such as distribution, shared travel, public transportation, ports and terminals, and mining operations,” Liang said. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 66. 你校将举办题目为Should artificial intelligence replace teachers的辩论赛，请你写一篇发言稿参赛，内容包括： (1)你的观点； (2)你的理由。 注意：(1)写作词数应为80个左右； (2)请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Should artificial intelligence replace teachers ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节(满分25分) 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落的开头续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I remember wondering if we should even be friends when I found out that my new friend Karina did not share my opinions about some stuff. It was hard to imagine disagreeing with her about anything, because when we first met, we got along so great. It was as if we’d known each other forever. Whenever we got to pick a partner at camp, we picked each other. Whenever we had a break, we hung out together. And the more time we spent together, the more we realized how amazingly alike we were. We both had two lovely cats. We both liked baking extra-creative cookies. But then something happened. The tent camp was next to a piece of beautiful land that had a bunch of giant old trees on it. Whenever it was nice out, we’d get to eat our lunch at picnic tables that were right by some of those trees. “Whoa!” said Karina one day. “Look at the millions of holes all the way up and down this trunk.” “That’s amazing,” I said. “A special kind of woodpecker (啄木鸟)makes those holes to store acorns (橡子).” “Pretty cool! ”said our counselor, Miguel. “Now, let’s all be sure to keep this magical forest as clean and perfect. Don’t forget to put your trash and recyclables in the bins.” And that’s when things got complicated. “Hey,” said our friend LeVar. “Have you guys heard that shopping-mall rumor (传闻)? They want to cut down a bunch of those trees to make room for a shopping center.” “That’s terrible!” I said. “We have to stop that.” “I disagree,” said Karina. “My parents said the shopping center would make new jobs for people.” “But think of all the birds and squirrels that would lose their homes!” I said. “I want people to have jobs, but not if it means cutting down trees.” “Don’t you think people’s jobs are more important than trees?” Karina asked. “Can’t we figure out how to make jobs without destroying nature?” I answered. “You know,” Karina said, super seriously, “maybe we’re not quite as alike as we thought.” I sighed sadly. 注意：(1)续写词数应为150个左右； (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Maybe two people with opposite points of view just aren’t meant to be friends, I was thinking. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ We ended up having much more fun at the tent camp. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$null 洛阳市2023—2024学年高二质量检测 英语试卷 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在 答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What’s the woman busy with? A. A concert. B. An exam. C. A party. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】M: Linda, I have an extra ticket to a pop concert tonight. Do you want to join me? W: Sorry, Jason, but I’m busy preparing for a Chinese exam these days. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Where are the speakers? A. In the kitchen. B. At a shop. C. At a restaurant. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】M: I’m so hungry. What shall we eat for lunch, honey? W: How about ordering some French fries and pizza? M: Oh, we just had them last week. I want to try some Thai food this time. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What’s the woman? A. A pilot. B. A taxi driver. C. An airport receptionist. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】M: Could you please speed up a little bit, madam? You know my flight to London takes off at 11: 00. W: Oh, I will try my best, sir. But we are driving on the busiest street in the city. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 How are the man’s shoes? A. Worn out. B. Out of fashion. C. Too tight. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】M: Mom, I really need a new pair of shoes. W: I think your shoes are very fashionable, aren’t they? M: Yes. But rain water entered my shoes through holes yesterday. W: Oh, it’s not surprising because you wear them all the time. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What should be done before opening a door in a fire? A. Sound the alarm clock. B. Make sure the door is cold. C. Go directly to the emergency exit. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】W: Jim, what should I do if I hear the fire alarm in my dorm? M: First, make sure that your door is not hot before you open it. Then make your way to the emergency exit calmly. W: Thank you. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. What does the woman think important about the apartment? A. The transportation. B. The price. C. The size. 7. How much is the house rent a year? A. $2, 000. B. $2, 700 C. $7, 200. 【答案】6. A 7. C 【解析】 【原文】M: Hi, Miss Karen. I heard you were looking for a new apartment. So have you already found one? W: Not yet. M: What kind of apartment do you want? W: It doesn’t need to be big or well-decorated. But convenient public transport is a must and I’d like to pay more rent if there is a subway station nearby. Besides, I prefer a quiet neighborhood. M: Got it. I know of a house that I think is suitable for you. W: Wonderful! How much is the rent? M: You have to pay $7, 200 a year. Here is the phone number of the house owner. W: Thanks a lot. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. How many courses can a student choose? A. One. B. Two. C. Three. 9. Who will the woman turn to for help? A. Her parents. B. Her professor. C. Her friend. 【答案】8. C 9. B 【解析】 【原文】W: Have you made your final decisions on this term s courses? M: No. I’m still reading the description of Advanced Biochemistry, but I don’t know whether it’ll be too demanding for me. W: Why not check the entry requirements for the course? In this way, you can learn more about it. M: Thanks. It sounds like a good idea. So what courses have you chosen? W: History and Movies. But I am still hesitating about the last one. M: Why? W: I don’t know whether to choose Engineering or Electronics. M: So why don’t you talk about it with your parents? W: I have done that. And I will also visit our professor this weekend and hear what he will say. M: Good idea! He is always patient with us. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 10. When and where will they gather tomorrow? A. At 7: 00 on the bus. B. At 8: 00 on the bridge. C. At 6: 00 at the gate of the hotel. 11. What can they do at The Rocks Markets? A. Watch the sunrise. B. Enjoy original artworks. C. Visit famous historical sites. 12. Which place is the woman looking forward to visiting? A. The museum. B. The market. C. The bridge. 【答案】10. C 11. B 12. A 【解析】 【原文】W: Mark, I’m glad we’ve finally arrived in Sydney. So what shall we do tomorrow? M: Well get together at around 6: 00 at the gate of the hotel. Then well go to visit the Sydney Harbour Bridge and watch the sunrise there. W: How far is it from the hotel to the bridge? M: An hour s ride. W: Where shall we go after visiting the bridge? M: Well go to The Rocks, one of modern Sydney s oldest neighbourhoods. It existed long before the arrival of British settlers in the late 1700s. W: OK. Will we go to The Rocks Markets? M: Yes. We can look at original artworks there. W: Where else shall we go? M: Our last stop is the Museum of Contemporary Art Australia. W: Wonderful! My friend once talked about it. I really look forward to visiting the museum. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 13. What language does the woman suggest? A. French. B. German C. Spanish. 14. How did the woman learn a new language at first? A. By using an app. B. By taking an online course. C. By attending a language school. 15. What is the man? A. A programmer. B. An engineer. C. A teacher. 16. Why does the man want to learn a new language? A. To study abroad. B. To design programs. C. To inspire his students. 【答案】13. A 14. B 15. C 16. C 【解析】 【原文】W: Robert, I heard that you would learn a new language. Is that true? M: Yes. I’m considering French, German, and Spanish. Do you have any suggestions? W: Well, I’ve learned French for years. You can give it a try, too. M: Oh, did you learn it by yourself? W: No. I took an online course at first. After finishing the course, I learned the language using an app. M: An app? Tell me something about it. W: It’s provided by AccelaStudy which has a separate app for each language you’d like to learn. M: Do I have to pay for it? W: No. It’s free. M: It seems you have learned much from the app. W: Yes. I should say it’s really amazing. So why do you want to learn a new language? Are you going to study abroad? M: No. You know I’m teaching English in a middle school now. I think my students will be inspired by my starting to learn a new language at my age. W: It does make sense. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. What will the man do right after graduation from high school? A. Go to university. B. Travel in the world. C. Do voluntary work. 18. What’s the man interested in? A. Traditional Chinese architecture. B. Ancient buildings in his homeland. C. Famous buildings around the world. 19. What does the man’s father wish him to be? A. A doctor. B. A teacher. C. A lawyer. 20. What’s the man’s goal? A. Living in his own green house. B. Designing environment-friendly houses. C. Raising money for poor children in London. 【答案】17. C 18. A 19. C 20. B 【解析】 【原文】M: Good morning, my dear teacher and classmates. My topic today is “my plans for my future”. First of all, I won’t go to university right after leaving high school. I will take a gap year in China. I will be a volunteer for a non-profit organization there. Basically, my job will be teaching English to children in mountainous areas in southern China. During summer and winter vacations, I will travel around the country. I have a great interest in traditional Chinese architecture so I hope to see some ancient buildings there. Then, hopefully, I can be admitted into Purdue University Northwest. For my career, my father wishes Ill follow in his footsteps and become a lawyer. My mother thinks I should be a teacher or doctor. But I dream of becoming an architect. I’ll try to find work in London after graduating from university. My ultimate goal is to design environment-friendly houses for people around the world. People, no matter rich or poor, won’t have to pay for gas, heating or water while living in my green houses. Thanks for your listening. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Inventions born out of love Garbage Disposers (处理器) John W. Hammes, an architect from Wisconsin, created the InSinkErator in 1935. Hammes got the idea after watching his wife spend time wrapping food in newspaper and throwing it out. The InSinkErator is a device, put under a kitchen sink between the sink’s drain (排水管)and the trap. The disposal unit tears food waste into pieces small enough—generally less than 2 mm in diameter(直径) —to pass through the drains. Surgical Gloves William Stewart Halsted, M. D. (1852-1922)was a well-known US surgeon who is often called the “Father of Modern Surgery”. Known for his strict insistence to sterile(无菌的) working conditions, Halsted invented rubber gloves that allowed his colleagues to lessen the transfer of germs(细菌)during their work. Yet the initial reason why he created them is more romantic than you would think. Knowing Caroline, a nurse, suffered from a skin diseuse during her work, Halsted invented the gloves especially for her and gave them to her as a gift after their marriage. Band-Aids When Josephine Knight Dickson from New Jersey kept cutting herself while cooking for her family in the 1920s, her husband, Earle Dickson, stepped in. Dickson, a cotton buyer for Johnson &Johnson, according to the company’s website, decided to invent a temporary adhesive (有黏性的) bandage for his wife. His creation became the Band-Aid we all know and use today. Magnetic (有磁性的)Shirt Buttons Maura Horton’s husband Don, was a football coach who had Parkinson’s disease. One day, after Don struggled to button his shirt before a game, Horton decided there needed to be a better clothing option for people suffering from a disability. So, Horton designed a shirt with magnetic buttons in 2012. These buttons will finally allow everyone to dress and undress themselves efficiently. 21. What’s the function of the InSinkErator? A. It can clear sink pipes. B. It can recycle kitchen waste. C. It can remove food waste easily. D. It can extend the service life of sinks. 22. For whom did William invent surgical gloves? A. A nurse. B. The patient. C. The surgeons D. His colleagues. 23. Which is the latest invention? A. The InSinkErator B. Band-Aids C. Surgical Gloves. D. Magnetic Shirt Buttons. 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四种发明，这四种发明都是源于发明人对伴侣的爱。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“T The disposal unit tears food waste into pieces small enough—generally less than 2 mm in diameter(直径) —to pass through the drains.(该处理装置将食物垃圾撕成足够小的碎片，通常直径小于2毫米，以便通过管道。)”可知，InSinkErator用来将食物垃圾撕成足够小的碎片，以便更轻松地清除食物垃圾。故选C。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Knowing Caroline, a nurse, suffered from a skin diseuse during her work, Halsted invented the gloves especially for her and gave them to her as a gift after their marriage. (得知护士Caroline在工作中患有皮肤病后，Halsted特意为她发明了这副手套，并在婚后送给她作为礼物。)”可知，手术手套最初是Halsted特意为他作护士工作的妻子发明的。故选A。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据这四种发明的发明时间：根据最后一段“So, Horton designed a shirt with magnetic buttons in 2012.(因此，Horton在2012年设计了一款带有磁性纽扣的衬衫。)”可知，选项A“Magnetic shirt buttons.(磁性衬衫纽扣)”的发明时间为2012年；根据第二段“William Stewart Halsted, M. D. (1852-1922)was a well-known US surgeon who is often called the “Father of Modern Surgery”. ( William Stewart Halsted医学博士(1852-1922)是美国著名的外科医生，常被称为“现代外科之父”。)”可推断，选项B“Surgical Gloves(手术手套)”的发明时间为1852到1922之间；根据第一段“John W. Hammes, an architect from Wisconsin, created the InSinkErator in 1935. (来自威斯康星州的建筑师John W. Hammes于1935年设计了InSinkErator。)”可知，选项C“The InSinkErator.”发明于1935年；根据文章第三段“When Josephine Knight Dickson from New Jersey kept cutting herself while cooking for her family in the 1920s, her husband, Earle Dickson, stepped in. ( 20世纪20年代，新泽西州的Josephine Knight Dickson在为家人做饭时不断割伤自己，她的丈夫Earle Dickson介入了。)”可知，选项D“Band-Aids.”发明于20世纪20年代。由此判断，四种发明中，最新发明是Magnetic Shirt Buttons。故选A。 B Two teams of scientists—one in Denmark and the other in the UK—came up with the same question at about the same time: Could they identify the animals in an area from DNA that was simply floating in the air? Testing for “environmental” DNA, or eDNA, isn’t a new idea, but most of the time, scientists look for eDNA in the water. DNA in the air is usually so small that it would take a microscope to see it. “We did not think that vacuuming (用真空吸尘器吸) animal DNA from the air would work at first, but the result is pleasantly surprising,” said Dr. Kristine Bohmann, one of the scientists on the Copenhagen team. Neither team knew the other group was working on a similar experiment. One collected samples from different places at Denmark’s Copenhagen Zoo, and the other at Hamerton Zoo Park in the UK. The scientists used slightly different methods to collect their samples. But basically, both teams used vacuums and fans to collect extremely tiny bits of DNA onto very high-quality filters (过滤器) . In the laboratory, they got the DNA from the filters and made copies of it to study. By comparing their samples with examples of DNA from different animals, the scientists were able to identify many different animals at the zoos. The scientists chose to test in zoos because they had scarce animals which are not naturally and easily found in the area. As Dr. Elizabeth Clare who led the UK team said, “There’s no other way I would detect DNA from a tiger, except for the zoo’s tiger.” Each team only discovered the other experiment after they’d written a paper about their own results. Instead of competing, the two decided to combine their results and publish a paper together. “We are excited that this new method could be used in the wild. Scientists have been looking for better ways to track endangered animals without affecting them. If researchers know where animals live, they can do a better job of protecting them. The next step is to figure out how to take this method into nature,” says Dr. Bohmann. 24. Which is the feature of DNA in the air? A. It is usually preserved shortly. B. It was thought difficult to collect. C. It is too small to be found and classified. D. It was collected for other researches before. 25. How did both teams of scientists collect DNA samples? A. By equipping the zoos with filters. B. With the help of vacuums and fans. C. By keeping animals in the laboratory. D. With the help of advanced microscopes. 26. What does the underlined word “scarce” in the fourth paragraph mean? A. Characteristic. B. Dangerous. C. Various. D. Rare 27. What does Dr Bohmann think of the study? A. Special. B. Perfect. C. Meaningful. D. Complex. 【答案】24. B 25. B 26. D 27. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了两支科学家团队分别在丹麦和英国开展研究，在动物园里利用真空吸尘器收集空气中的微小DNA片段，并通过高质量过滤器捕获，随后在实验室分析这些DNA样本，成功识别出动物园内的多种动物。这项新技术有望在不干扰野生动物的情况下，帮助科学家更好地追踪和保护濒危动物。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“DNA in the air is usually so small that it would take a microscope to see it. “We did not think that vacuuming (用真空吸尘器吸) animal DNA from the air would work at first, but the result is pleasantly surprising,” said Dr. Kristine Bohmann, one of the scientists on the Copenhagen team.(空气中的DNA通常很小，需要显微镜才能看到。哥本哈根团队的科学家之一Kristine Bohmann博士说：“我们起初不认为用真空吸尘器吸空气中的动物DNA会奏效，但结果令人惊喜。”)”可知，人们认为空气中的DNA收集起来很困难。故选B项。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“But basically, both teams used vacuums and fans to collect extremely tiny bits of DNA onto very high-quality filters (过滤器) .(但基本上，两个团队都使用真空吸尘器和风扇将极其微小的DNA片段收集到非常高质量的过滤器上)”可知，两个科学家团队都是借助于真空吸尘器和风扇来收集DNA样本的。故选B项。 【26题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第四段“The scientists chose to test in zoos because they had scarce animals which are not naturally and easily found in the area.(科学家们之所以选择在动物园进行测试，是因为动物园里有scarce动物，而这些动物在该地区并不容易自然发现)”可知，scarce animals指的是在该地区并不容易自然发现的动物，推测划线单词表示“稀有的”，与rare意义相近。故选D项。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段““We are excited that this new method could be used in the wild. Scientists have been looking for better ways to track endangered animals without affecting them. If researchers know where animals live, they can do a better job of protecting them. The next step is to figure out how to take this method into nature,” says Dr. Bohmann. (Bohmann博士说：“我们很高兴这种新方法能够在野外使用。科学家们一直在寻找更好的方法来追踪濒危动物，而不影响它们。如果研究人员知道动物生活在哪里，他们就可以更好地保护它们。下一步是找出如何将这种方法应用到自然中。”)”可推知，Bohmann博士认为这项研究是有意义的，因为它为追踪和保护野生动物提供了新的可能。故选C项。 C Thanks to the $10bn James Webb Space Telescope, we are beginning to “see” the radiant heat of the early universe like never before. On Monday night, to the excitement of professional astronomers and amateurs the world over, the telescope’s first full-colour image of deep space was released. The striking image, taken at minimally explored wavelengths and never-before-seen resolution, reveals a large number of universal objects. The image is yet to be fully analysed but some objects are relics (遗迹) dating to within 0.7bn years of the Big Bang, the explosion that created our universe 13.8bn years ago. A new era (时代) of astronomy, in which we can finally see the oldest objects in the universe and gain a fuller understanding of its origins, has officially begun. Tuesday saw four more important results emerge from the Webb’s first week of observations. Chris Lintott, professor of astrophysics at Oxford University and a researcher on galaxy (星系) formation, said he was blown away by the quality and beauty of the images. “It knocked my socks off,” Lintott said on Tuesday. “I was sitting in a roomful of galaxy experts when the Stephan’s Quintet image was shown, and jaws hit the floor. The Webb is going to produce some of the most amazing pictures of the space age.” Webb’s “first deep field”, as the image of deep space released on Monday is known, is a picture taken over 12. 5 hours. It shows the cotton-wool-like galaxy cluster (团) SMACS 0723 centrally in the foreground, plus bright white stars. As Lintott points out, bigger light-collecting mirrors result in sharper images, of the type that Webb is now delivering. The investment in the James Webb Space Telescope’s large foldable mirror has paid off. It is hard to believe that the Earth-orbiting telescope, regarded as one of the most complex engineering projects ever attempted and nearly cancelled a decade ago, has begun operating successfully. 28. What may be most probably talked about before paragraph 1? A. The radiant heat. B. Some astronomers. C. Some universal objects. D. The history of mankind. 29. How did Chris Lintott react to Stephan’s Quintet image? A. He was humble. B. He was tolerant. C. He was surprised. D. He was prejudiced. 30. What can we know about Webb according to the last paragraph? A. It is a complex project. B. It is regarded useless. C. It was put into use a decade ago. D. It was innovated by Chris Lintott. 31. Which would be a suitable title for the passage? A. The story of an inventor B Chris Lintott made a breakthrough C. The image of relics of the Big Bang D. A new era of astronomy has begun 【答案】28. A 29. C 30. A 31. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个天文学的新时代正式开始了，人们可以更好地了解宇宙中最古老的物体的起源。 【28题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Thanks to the $10bn James Webb Space Telescope, we are beginning to ‘see’ the radiant heat of the early universe like never before.(多亏了价值100亿美元的James Webb太空望远镜，我们开始以前所未有的方式‘看到’早期宇宙的辐射热)”可知，在第一段之前最有可能讨论的是辐射热。故选A项。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Chris Lintott, professor of astrophysics at Oxford University and a researcher on galaxy (星系) formation, said he was blown away by the quality and beauty of the images. ‘It knocked my socks off,’ Lintott said on Tuesday. ‘I was sitting in a roomful of galaxy experts when the Stephan’s Quintet image was shown, and jaws hit the floor. The Webb is going to produce some of the most amazing pictures of the space age.’(研究星系形成的牛津大学天体物理学教授Chris Lintott说，他被这些图像的质量和美丽所震撼。‘这让我大吃一惊，’Lintott周二说。‘当Stephan五重奏的图像被展示出来时，我正坐在一屋子的星系专家里，目瞪口呆。Webb将要拍摄一些太空时代最令人惊叹的照片。’)”可知，Chris Lintott对Stephan的五重奏形象很惊讶。故选C项。 【30题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“It is hard to believe that the Earth-orbiting telescope, regarded as one of the most complex engineering projects ever attempted and nearly cancelled a decade ago, has begun operating successfully.(这架绕地球运行的望远镜被认为是有史以来最复杂的工程项目之一，十年前几乎被取消，但现在它已经开始成功运行了，这很难让人相信)”可推知，Webb是一个复杂的工程项目。故选A项。 【31题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第二段中“A new era (时代) of astronomy, in which we can finally see the oldest objects in the universe and gain a fuller understanding of its origins, has officially begun.(一个天文学的新时代正式开始了，我们终于可以看到宇宙中最古老的物体，并对它的起源有了更全面的了解)”可知，本文介绍了一个天文学的新时代正式开始了，人们可以更好地了解宇宙中最古老的物体的起源。D“天文学的新时代已经开始”符合主题，适合作为文章标题。故选D项。 D In my memory, winters always used to be really unpleasant. You had to wear more clothes just to keep warm when you went outside. You were often cold and wet. If you didn’t have a terrible slide, you’d arrive home to an ice-cold house. And that would mean turning on the heating and waiting. It’s a miracle (奇迹) you didn’t get cold to the bone. Fortunately, things don’t have to be so challenging any more. Technology, engineering and design have advanced giving us new solutions to old problems. It means dealing with winter needn’t be like skating on thin ice. With a smart thermostat (恒温器), our homes can be comfortable when we need them. Many models feature smartphone apps that allow you to regulate temperature remotely, so we can warm up the house before we arrive home. According to techradar. com, the largest UK- based consumer technology news and reviews website, Tado’s model features voice control, while the Nest ‘learns’ your habits and automatically heats the home for you. Clothes have been given an upgrade, too. Electronic thermal jackets heat up when you turn them on. What better way to keep comfortable in the dead of winter? At the touch of a button, or through an app on our phones, the clothing generates heat from elements placed inside. Many models offer three levels of heating which stay warm for over 12 hours. Finally, there is the headgear—Beanies (女帽) and earmuffs (耳罩) that feature speakers included in the fabric using Bluetooth technology so we can listen to our favourite music or, in some cases, have a phone call using the in-built microphone. At the same time we can keep the head warm and avoid cold. For many, the thought of winter used to be enough to make their blood run cold. But using technology, life needn’t freeze up. With the right solutions, there’s no reason why winter can’t be really, really cool. 32. What’s the writing purpose of paragraph 1? A. To lead in some amazing advances. B. To sell electronic thermal jackets. C. To explain the benefits of modern houses. D. To tell readers unpleasant winters in the past. 33. What can we do using a smart thermostat and a phone? A. Make winter cool. B. Track your daily routines. C. Browse the website easily. D Adjust temperatures remotely. 34. How does electronic thermal clothes work? A By giving them an upgrade. B. By producing heat from elements put inside. C. By generating energy to keep you comfortable. D. By learning your habit of wearing jackets or parkas. 35. Where are the speakers in a Bluetooth beanie? A. They are put in an earphone. B. They are hidden in the phone. C. They are included in the fabric. D. They are placed in a small case. 【答案】32. A 33. D 34. B 35. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了在科技不发达的过去，人们可能为如何在冬季保暖而感到困扰。现在，人们凭借科学技术发明了各式各样的防寒方法。 【32题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Fortunately, things don’t have to be so challenging any more. Technology, engineering and design have advanced giving us new solutions to old problems. It means dealing with winter needn’t be like skating on thin ice.(幸运的是，事情不再那么具有挑战性了。技术、工程和设计的进步给我们提供了解决老问题的新方法。这意味着应对冬天不必像在薄冰上滑冰一样)”可知，第一段的写作目的是引出一些科技惊人的进步。故选A项。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“With a smart thermostat (恒温器), our homes can be comfortable when we need them. Many models feature smartphone apps that allow you to regulate temperature remotely, so we can warm up the house before we arrive home.(有了智能恒温器，当我们需要的时候，我们的家就会很舒适。许多型号都有智能手机应用程序，可以让你远程调节温度，这样我们就可以在回家之前把房子暖起来)”可知，我们可以用智能恒温器和手机远程调节温度。故选D项。 【34题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“At the touch of a button, or through an app on our phones, the clothing generates heat from elements placed inside.(只要按一下按钮，或者通过手机上的应用程序，这种衣服就能从里面的元素中产生热量)”可知，电子保暖衣是通过放进去的元素产生热量工作的。故选B项。 【35题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中“Finally, there is the headgear—Beanies (女帽) and earmuffs (耳罩) that feature speakers included in the fabric using Bluetooth technology so we can listen to our favourite music or, in some cases, have a phone call using the in-built microphone.(最后，还有一种耳机——女帽和耳罩，其特点是织物中包含了使用蓝牙技术的扬声器，这样我们就可以听自己喜欢的音乐，或者在某些情况下，使用内置麦克风打电话)”可知，蓝牙便帽里的扬声器包含在织物中。故选C项。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Certain brands and products can be easily recognized at a glance by people worldwide. ____36____ Just mentioning the words golden arches (拱门) brings to mind burgers and fries from McDonald’s. With such universal popularity, many people are confused as to why these large and famous companies do so much advertising and have such large advertising budgets. ____37____ Most business owners who are just starting to understand how vital advertising is to their growth. Putting in the time and money to market your company can help it grow over time. ____38____ Continuing to advertise after achieving success helps businesses maintain a positive image with the public. It can also help attract new customers as demographics (客户群体) change as time passes. Furthermore, advertising helps to inform your customers of updates to old products and introduce new ones. However, the ultimate goal of advertising for both big and small companies is to earn more income and maximize profits. ____39____ Is it better to stick to traditional forms of media, like newspapers and television, or embrace (接纳) new forms of online advertising on social media sites? While many new smaller companies tend to focus their limited budgets on social media and internet marketing, it is usually better for larger, well-established companies to do both. For example, over 95% of homes receive television signals, while only around 75% of the population has access to the internet. ____40____ Also, older, wealthier people are more likely to notice television advertising than online advertising. While the focus of advertising might change over time, companies must certainly continue to use it to grow. A. Is advertising necessary? B. After all, shouldn’t their global success speak for itself? C. This same principle holds true for older successful brands. D. Therefore, television advertising gives companies access to more people. E. Another major question companies must find the answer to is how to advertise. F. The money invested in these advertisements could be used for more worthwhile businesses. G. Almost everyone is familiar with the red labeling of Coca-Cola or the symbolic flower logo of Huawei. 【答案】36. G 37. B 38. C 39. E 40. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。介绍了为什么大公司尽管已经取得了全球性的成功，仍然需要进行大量的广告宣传。 【36题详解】 根据前文“Certain brands and products can be easily recognized at a glance by people worldwide. (某些品牌和产品很容易被世界各地的人们一眼认出。)”以及后文“Just mentioning the words golden arches (拱门) brings to mind burgers and fries from McDonald’s. (只要提到“金拱门”这个词，就会让人想起麦当劳的汉堡和薯条。)”可知，前文讲述某些品牌和产品很容易被世界各地的人们一眼认出，后文举了麦当劳的例子，所以空处也可能是举例子，所以G项“Almost everyone is familiar with the red labeling of Coca-Cola or the symbolic flower logo of Huawei. (几乎每个人都熟悉可口可乐的红色标签或华为的象征性花朵标志。)”符合文意，是对前文的举例。故选G项。 【37题详解】 根据前文“With such universal popularity, many people are confused as to why these large and famous companies do so much advertising and have such large advertising budgets. (由于如此普遍的知名度，许多人都很困惑，为什么这些大而著名的公司做这么多的广告，有这么大的广告预算。)”可知，B项“After all, shouldn’t their global success speak for itself? (毕竟，它们在全球的成功不应该不言自明吗?)”是对前文问题的进一步提问，从而引出本文主题，符合文意。故选B项。 【38题详解】 根据前文“Most business owners who are just starting to understand how vital advertising is to their growth. Putting in the time and money to market your company can help it grow over time. (大多数企业主刚刚开始了解广告对他们的发展是多么重要。投入时间和金钱来营销你的公司可以帮助它随着时间的推移而成长。)”可知，C项“This same principle holds true for older successful brands. (同样的原则也适用于较老的成功品牌。)”是对前文的进一步说明，其中This same principle指的是前文提到“投入时间和金钱来营销你的公司可以帮助它随着时间的推移而成长”，符合文意。故选C项。 【39题详解】 分析设空位于段首，是本段的中心句，根据后文“Is it better to stick to traditional forms of media, like newspapers and television, or embrace (接纳) new forms of online advertising on social media sites? While many new smaller companies tend to focus their limited budgets on social media and internet marketing, it is usually better for larger, well-established companies to do both. For example, over 95% of homes receive television signals, while only around 75% of the population has access to the internet. (是坚持传统的媒体形式，如报纸和电视，还是在社交媒体网站上接受新的在线广告形式?虽然许多新成立的小公司倾向于将有限的预算集中在社交媒体和网络营销上，但对于大型、成熟的公司来说，两者兼而有之通常更好。例如，超过95%的家庭接收到电视信号，而只有大约75%的人口可以上网。)”可知，本段主要讲述了，如何做广告，所以E项“Another major question companies must find the answer to is how to advertise. (公司必须找到答案的另一个主要问题是如何做广告。)”符合本段主题，为本段中心句。故选E项， 【40题详解】 根据前文“While many new smaller companies tend to focus their limited budgets on social media and internet marketing, it is usually better for larger, well-established companies to do both. For example, over 95% of homes receive television signals, while only around 75% of the population has access to the internet. (虽然许多新成立的小公司倾向于将有限的预算集中在社交媒体和网络营销上，但对于大型、成熟的公司来说，两者兼而有之通常更好。例如，超过95%的家庭接收到电视信号，而只有大约75%的人口可以上网。)”可知，D项“Therefore, television advertising gives companies access to more people. (因此，电视广告让公司接触到更多的人。)”和前文构成因果关系，并引出下文“Also, older, wealthier people are more likely to notice television advertising than online advertising. (此外，年龄较大、较富有的人更容易注意到电视广告，而不是网络广告。)”符合文意。故选D项。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Walking by Mr. Groll’s yard is the worst part of our morning walk—the unfriendly shape nearby that shades us: Mr. Groll. “Hello, Mr. Groll.” I ____41____ him as I do every morning. And he never answers me. But I know he’s there, watching, behind his fence. Why does he ____42____ me? It’s a mystery (迷). Maybe he’s afraid of me because I’m blind. ____43____ scare grown-ups sometimes. Then I ____44____ hearing him playing with my friend Jimmy, who’s in a wheelchair. Maybe Mr. Groll does not like Vietnamese ____45____. No. Every Saturday Mr. Groll and my big brother, Lien, help each other with yard work. Me and Chó! An idea ____46____ my mystery. Maybe I do know why Mr. Groll doesn’t talk to me! So, I attach Chó to a post, and I ____47____ my way along the fence. “Mai! Be ____48____!” Mr. Groll’s loud voice steadies my ____49____ while his hand steadies my elbow (肘部). “You solve my mystery. It isn’t because I’m blind that you don’t like me. Or because I am a Vietnamese.” I ____50____. “It’s Chó who scares.” He _____51_____ his large voice. “I like you, Mai. And Chó, too. But up close, Chó scares my ____52____ away,” he says. I tell him, “Your fear of Chó may be big, but _____53_____ is bigger. We will help. Come with me.” I hear a smile in Mr. Groll’s voice. “OK,” he says, “I _____54_____ you, my friend.” Then I take Mr. Groll’s hand in mine and guide it to Chó’s head. _____55_____, Mr. Groll pets Chó’s ears. Friendly Chó—good Chó—swings her tail. Our new friendship begins. 41. A. inquire B. greet C. bother D. perceive 42. A. tolerate B. criticize C. punish D. ignore 43. A. Disabilities B. Challenges C. Patients D. Animals 44. A. miss B. find C. recall D. imagine 45. A. neighbors B. adults C. students D. locals 46. A. solves B. brightens C. investigates D. creates 47. A. fight B. push C. lose D. feel 48. A. brave B. active C. quiet D. careful 49. A. courage B. panic C. discovery D. exploration 50. A. complain B. illustrate C. sigh D. argue 51. A. hears B. expresses C. keeps D. lowers 52. A. friends B. fellows C. words D. ideas 53. A. company B. friendship C. kindness D. politeness 54. A. trust B. warn C. detect D. respect 55. A. Accurately B. Hesitantly C. Aimlessly D. Fearfully 【答案】41. B 42. D 43. A 44. C 45. A 46. B 47. D 48. D 49. A 50. C 51. D 52. C 53. B 54. A 55. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者每天早上都会和导盲犬Chó一起散步，但是邻居Groll先生总是无视作者打招呼，导致作者以为他不喜欢残疾人或者外来人，之后在作者的努力下和Groll之间建立友谊的故事。 【41题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“你好，Groll先生。”我像每天早上一样问候他。A. inquire询问；B. greet打招呼；C. bother打扰；D. perceive察觉。根据前文“Hello, Mr. Groll.”可知，作者向Groll打招呼。故选B项。 42题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他为什么不理我？A. tolerate容忍；B. criticize批评；C. punish惩罚；D. ignore忽视。根据前文“he never answers me”可知，作者向Groll打招呼，但他从不理作者。故选D项。 【43题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：残疾有时会吓到成年人。A. Disabilities残疾；B. Challenges挑战；C. Patients病人；D. Animals动物。根据前文“I’m blind”可知，作者是盲人，作者想残疾有时会吓到成年人。故选A项。 【44题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我想起了他和我坐在轮椅上的朋友Jimmy一起玩。A. miss想念；B. find找到；C. recall回想；D. imagine想象。根据语境和后文“hearing him playing with my friend Jimmy”可知，作者想起了Groll和Jimmy一起玩。故选C项。 【45题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：也许Groll先生不喜欢越南邻居。A. neighbors邻居；B. adults成年人；C. students学生；D. locals当地人。根据前文作者向Groll先生打招呼，但他从不理会作者，却和朋友Jimmy一起玩可知，作者觉得Groll不喜欢越南邻居。故选A项。 【46题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个想法解开了我的疑惑。A. solves解决；B. brightens使变亮，照亮；C. investigates调查；D. creates创造。根据前文“Me and Chó!”后文“Maybe I do know why Mr. Groll doesn’t talk to me! So, I attach Chó to a post, and I ____7____ my way along the fence.”可知，作者忽然想到可能是因为自己的狗，造成了Groll和自己的误会，所以说这解开（点亮）了作者的疑惑。故选B项。 【47题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，我把Chó栓到一个柱子上，然后沿着栅栏摸索。A. fight斗争；B. push推；C. lose失去；D. feel感到。根据第二段中“I’m blind”和后文“my way along the fence”可知，作者是个盲人，所以沿着栅栏摸索。故选D项。 【48题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“Mai!小心!”Groll先生的大声音坚定了我的勇气，而他的手稳定了我的肘部。A. brave勇敢的；B. active积极的；C. quiet安静的；D. careful小心的。根据语境和后文“Mr. Groll’s loud voice steadies my ____9____ while his hand steadies my elbow (肘部).”可知，Groll提醒作者要小心。故选D项。 【49题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. courage勇气；B. panic恐慌；C. discovery发现；D. exploration探索。根据语境和前文“Mr. Groll’s loud voice steadies my”及后文“while his hand steadies my elbow”可知，作者一直不清楚为什么Groll不理他，现在忽然明白了他们之间的误会是因为狗，所以Groll的大声音让作者更有勇气前进，同时Groll怕作者摔倒，扶住了作者。故选A项。 【50题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我叹了口气。A. complain抱怨；B. illustrate说明；C. sigh叹气；D. argue争论。根据前文“You solve my mystery. It isn’t because I’m blind that you don’t like me. Or because I am a Vietnamese.”和后文“It’s Chó who scares.”可知，作者叹气，终于知道了Groll先生不理他的原因。故选C项。 【51题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他压低了他那洪亮的声音。A. hears听到；B. expresses表达；C. keeps保持；D. lowers压低。根据语境和前文“It’s Chó who scares.”可知，Groll怕狗，狗就在附近，所以他压低了声音。故选D项。 【52题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我喜欢你，Mai。还有Chó。但仔细一看，Chó把我的话吓跑了，”他说。A. friends朋友；B. fellows伙伴；C. words话；D. ideas主意。根据前文“I like you, Mai. And Chó, too. But up close, Chó scares my”可知，Groll先生喜欢作者，但是Chó吓得他不敢说话。故选C项。 【53题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我告诉他：“你对Chó的恐惧可能很大，但友谊更大。我们会帮忙的。跟我来。”A. company公司；B. friendship友谊；C. kindness善良；D. politeness礼貌。根据后文“I ____14____ you, my friend.”可知，作者认为友谊更重要。故选B项。 【54题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我相信你，我的朋友。A. trust相信；B. warn警告；C. detect检测；D. respect尊重。根据前文Groll先生害怕Chó和后文“I take Mr. Groll’s hand in mine and guide it to Cho’s head”可知，虽然Groll害怕Chó，但在作者指引下，他选择相信作者并接近Chó。故选A项。 【55题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：Groll先生犹豫地抚摸着Chó的耳朵。A. Accurately确切地；B. Hesitantly犹豫地；C. Aimlessly漫无目的地；D. Fearfully害怕地。根据前文Groll先生害怕Chó可知，Groll先生犹豫地抚摸着Chó的耳朵。故选B项。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China-made autonomous sweepers are grabbing attention all over the globe, as the country uses its technological expertise (专长) ____56____ (release) new quality productive forces in the field of cleanliness. A Shanghai-based high-tech company has received ____57____ world’s first road testing license for autonomous sweepers. The company’s latest product, ____58____ (launch) in March, combines three cleanliness tasks—sweeping, road spraying, and garbage transportation and is able to cut overall cleanliness operation costs by 70 percent. Equipped ____59____ technologies including millimeter-wave radars (雷达), cameras and high-precision positioning, the sweepers can achieve precise edge fitting, safe obstacle (障碍) avoidance, emergency avoidance, flexible turning and direction switching during operation. In recent months, its advanced technology and features have attracted the attention of several local residents as well as ____60____ (visitor). The vehicles operate powerfully, especially during extreme weather. After completing the daily cleaning tasks, they ____61____ (automatic) drive to the garbage collection area and complete dumping (倾倒) task by ____62____ (they). Liang Haiming, director of Hainan University’s Belt and Road Research Institute, said that unmanned sweepers made in China have advantages in automation technology, smart management and the application of new energy, ____63____ helps to improve safety and work ____64____ (efficient). “In addition to cleanliness, the field of autonomous driving ____65____ (include) limited and low-speed environments such as distribution, shared travel, public transportation, ports and terminals, and mining operations,” Liang said. 【答案】56. to release 57. the 58. launched 59. with 60. visitors 61. automatically 62. themselves 63. which 64. efficiency 65. includes 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国自动驾驶清扫车凭借高科技性能引发全球关注，有效降低成本并提升清洁效率，彰显了在自动化技术、智慧管理及新能源应用方面的优势，预示着自动驾驶技术将在多领域拓展应用。 【56题详解】 考查动词不定式。句意：随着中国利用其技术专长在环卫领域释放新的高质量生产力，中国制造的自动扫地机吸引了全球的关注。use sth. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“使用某物做某事”，此处应用动词不定式形式。故填to release。 【57题详解】 考查冠词。句意：上海一家高科技公司获得了全球第一张自动驾驶清扫车测试牌照。序数词first前需加定冠词the表示特指。故填the。 【58题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：该公司的最新产品于3月推出，结合了三项清洁任务——清扫、道路喷洒和垃圾运输，能够将整体清洁运营成本降低70%。句中已有谓语combines，空处作非谓语动词，launch与其逻辑主语product之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，因此应用过去分词形式作后置定语。故填launched。 【59题详解】 考查介词。句意：清扫车配备毫米波雷达、摄像头和高精度定位等技术，可在作业过程中实现精确边缘拟合、安全避障、紧急避让、灵活转弯和方向切换。be equipped with为固定搭配，意为“配备有”，此处省略be动词，用过去分词短语作状语。故填with。 【60题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：近几个月来，其先进的技术和功能吸引了一些当地居民和游客的注意。visitor意为“游客”，为可数名词，根据空前的several可知，此处应用其复数形式。故填visitors。 【61题详解】 考查副词。句意：完成日常清扫任务后，它们会自动驶向垃圾收集区，并自行完成卸载任务。空处修饰动词drive，应用副词automatically作状语，意为“自动地”。故填automatically。 【62题详解】 考查反身代词。句意同上。空处作dumping task的逻辑主语，且与they所指相同，因此应用反身代词themselves。故填themselves。 【63题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：海南大学一带一路研究院院长梁海明表示，中国制造的无人驾驶清扫车在自动化技术、智能管理和新能源应用方面具有优势，这有助于提高安全性和工作效率。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整个句子，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。 【64题详解】 考查名词。句意同上。空处与safety并列，作improve的宾语，应用名词efficiency，意为“效率”。故填efficiency。 【65题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：梁说：“除了清洁，自动驾驶领域还包括有限的低速环境，如配送、共享出行、公共交通、港口和码头以及采矿作业。”。空处用于直接引语句子中，陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，且主语the field of autonomous driving为单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填includes。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 66. 你校将举办题目为Should artificial intelligence replace teachers的辩论赛，请你写一篇发言稿参赛，内容包括： (1)你的观点； (2)你的理由。 注意：(1)写作词数应为80个左右； (2)请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Should artificial intelligence replace teachers ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Should artificial intelligence replace teachers Respected judges and dear classmates, I strongly believe that artificial intelligence should not replace teachers. Firstly, education is not just about knowledge transfer, but also about shaping emotions, values, and worldviews. Teachers are not only disseminators of knowledge, but also guides and friends on students’ growth paths. They can understand students’ needs and provide timely guidance and support, which is irreplaceable by artificial intelligence. Secondly, education is an interactive process that requires communication and feedback between teachers and students. However, artificial intelligence lacks this interactivity and humanity. It cannot adjust teaching strategies based on students’ real-time feedback, let alone optimize teaching through personal experience like teachers. Therefore, I firmly believe that artificial intelligence cannot replace the central role of teachers in education. Thank you! 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文。要求考生以Should artificial intelligence replace teachers为题，写一篇发言稿参加辩论赛。 【详解】1.词汇积累 应该：should→be supposed to 及时的：timely→seasonable 首先：firstly→to begin with 坚定地：firmly→steadily 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：It cannot adjust teaching strategies based on students’ real-time feedback, let alone optimize teaching through personal experience like teachers. 拓展句：It cannot adjust teaching strategies which are based on students’ real-time feedback, let alone optimize teaching through personal experience like teachers. 【点睛】[高分句型1] I strongly believe that artificial intelligence should not replace teachers.（运用了that引导宾语从句） [高分句型2] They can understand students’ needs and provide timely guidance and support, which is irreplaceable by artificial intelligence.（运用了which引导非限制性定语从句） 第二节(满分25分) 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落的开头续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I remember wondering if we should even be friends when I found out that my new friend Karina did not share my opinions about some stuff. It was hard to imagine disagreeing with her about anything, because when we first met, we got along so great. It was as if we’d known each other forever. Whenever we got to pick a partner at camp, we picked each other. Whenever we had a break, we hung out together. And the more time we spent together, the more we realized how amazingly alike we were. We both had two lovely cats. We both liked baking extra-creative cookies. But then something happened. The tent camp was next to a piece of beautiful land that had a bunch of giant old trees on it. Whenever it was nice out, we’d get to eat our lunch at picnic tables that were right by some of those trees. “Whoa!” said Karina one day. “Look at the millions of holes all the way up and down this trunk.” “That’s amazing,” I said. “A special kind of woodpecker (啄木鸟)makes those holes to store acorns (橡子).” “Pretty cool! ”said our counselor, Miguel. “Now, let’s all be sure to keep this magical forest as clean and perfect. Don’t forget to put your trash and recyclables in the bins.” And that’s when things got complicated. “Hey,” said our friend LeVar. “Have you guys heard that shopping-mall rumor (传闻)? They want to cut down a bunch of those trees to make room for a shopping center.” “That’s terrible!” I said. “We have to stop that.” “I disagree,” said Karina. “My parents said the shopping center would make new jobs for people.” “But think of all the birds and squirrels that would lose their homes!” I said. “I want people to have jobs, but not if it means cutting down trees.” “Don’t you think people’s jobs are more important than trees?” Karina asked. “Can’t we figure out how to make jobs without destroying nature?” I answered. “You know,” Karina said, super seriously, “maybe we’re not quite as alike as we thought.” I sighed sadly. 注意：(1)续写词数应为150个左右； (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Maybe two people with opposite points of view just aren’t meant to be friends, I was thinking. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ We ended up having much more fun at the tent camp. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Maybe two people with opposite points of view just aren’t meant to be friends, I was thinking. That evening, as we sat around the campfire, the atmosphere felt heavy with unspoken words. Suddenly, Karina thought of an idea, “What if we organized a community event to raise awareness about the importance of those trees and also brainstormed ideas for creating jobs without harming nature?” I couldn’t help but smile at her suggestion. “That’s a fantastic idea, Karina! Let’s do it together. Our friendship is strong enough to handle differences,” I replied, relief and excitement washing over me. We ended up having much more fun at the tent camp. Our efforts not only strengthened our friendship but also brought our camp community together in a shared cause. We realized that friendships aren’t about agreeing on everything. They’re about respecting each other’s perspectives, learning from differences, and finding common goals. The forest remained untouched, and our bond, fortified by our collaborative triumph, blossomed into something even deeper and more meaningful. In the end, it wasn’t about proving who was right. It was about growing together, as individuals and as friends. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者和Karina因兴趣相投成为好友，但对树林是否应被砍伐建商场持有不同意见，这让作者质疑和Karina的友谊。两人之间的争论体现了环保与经济发展之间的冲突，以及寻求两者平衡的挑战。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“我在想，也许两个观点相反的人不应该成为朋友。”可知，第一段可描写Karina想到了一个对双方均有益处的主意，作者如释重负。 ②由第二段首句内容“我们最终在帐篷营地玩得更开心了。”可知，第二段可描写两人共同努力，加强了友谊，以及作者的感悟。 2.续写线索：气氛不佳——Karina想到好主意——作者感觉如释重负——两人努力——作者的感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①想出：think of/come up with ②提高：raise/enhance ③回答：reply/answer/respond 情绪类 ①放松：relief/relaxation ②兴奋：excitement/ euphoria 【点睛】【高分句型1】We realized that friendships aren’t about agreeing on everything.（运用了that引导宾语从句） 【高分句型2】In the end, it wasn’t about proving who was right.（运用了who引导宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$