精品解析：山东省菏泽市2023-2024学年高二下学期4月期中英语试题

2023—2024学年度第二学期期中考试 高二英语试题 (B) 2024.4 注意事项： 1.本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 2.答题前，考生务必将姓名、班级等个人信息填写在答题卡指定位置。 3.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答。超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 (共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Where is the design class? A. Down a level. B. Up a level. C. On the same level. 2. What does the man like best about the apartment? A. Its pretty garden. B. Its large rooms. C. Its convenient location. 3. What will the woman do on Saturday?’ A. Go to the beach. B. Go to a party. C. Go to work. 4. What is the woman saving money for? A. Donations to a project. B. The electricity bill. C. A new car. 5. What is the man’s favorite subject? A. Art. B. Math. C. Literature. 第二节 (共15小题：每小题1.5分， 满分22.5分) 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。 6. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Mother and son. B. Classmates. C. Brother and sister 7. Who is probably the best player in the club now: A. Sam. B. Ming. C. Vince. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Which country is the man’s second destination? A. France. B. Italy. C. Spain. 9. Why will the man spend more time in Spain? A. To learn Spanish. B. To go sightseeing. C. To visit his relatives. 10. How many days will the trip last? A. 10. B. 12. C. 17. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What’s the man’s special request? A. No drinks. B. No cheese. C. Onion rings. 12. Why does the man refuse dessert? A He thinks it too expensive. B. He doesn’t like sweet foods. C. He won’t have time to eat it. 13. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a restaurant. B. In a company cafeteria. C. In the man’s kitchen. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14. How is the woman feeling now? A. Tired. B. Excited. C. Surprised. 15 Where does the man come from originally? A. San Francisco. B. London. C. Beijing. 16. What is the main topic of the conversation? A. Christmas. B. The Spring Festival. C. The Dragon Boat Festival. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What type of problem is the train network experiencing? A. A weather problem. B. An electrical problem. C. A technique problem. 18. When will the train arrive at Manchester station? A. At 1:00 pm. B. At 1: 30 pm. C. At 2:00 pm. 19. What should passengers to Wigan do? A. Take a bus instead. B. Take the next train. C. Walk to a different station. 20. Which platform will the train to West Kirby leave from now? A. Platform F. B. Platform G. C. Platform K. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A It’s often said that travel is all about the journey, but it can be almost as exciting to travel the world from the comfort of our homes. Just pick up several travel books that share the extraordinary ability to transport readers through time and space. The Last Ride of the Pony Express In 2019, American journalist Will Grant took on a 2,000-mile journey on horseback. Grant describes his 142-day adventure following the Pony Express that operated between April 1860 and October 1861. The Pony Express once used riders who traveled on horseback to deliver mall. While Grant reflects on the West’s modernization over time, it’s his vivid (生动的) descriptions of local residents along the way that make the book a real page-turner. Unforgettable Journey s Europe The book shows travel really is all about “getting there”. This inspirational book details 150 of Europe’s best slow adventures, such as kayaking through Lithuania and crossing the Arctic Circle by train. Photos, maps and plenty of information(including start and end points for trails, difficulty ratings and website links) are spread throughout the text, making the book as much colorful reference as it is inspiring to read. Elixir: In the Valley at the End of Time After a decade of living in the Scottish Highlands, native Bulgarian Kapka Kassabova returned to her roots (根) in Mesta Valley, a rural region known for its wild crops. The poet and writer set out to study the deep relationship between the area’s people and plants, as well as with the land itself. Her text explorers a lesser-known area filled with nature and traditional customs. The Life Cycle British writer and cyclist Kate Rawles took a 13-month journey across the length of the Andes Mountains en a self-built bamboo bicycle. During this journey, the author saw firsthand the harmful impacts of extreme biodiversity loss caused by human activity such as cutting down trees. She shared her concerns and insight in her book, and expected to inspire actions. 1. What is The Last Ride of the Pony Express mainly about? A. A man’s journey along a historic mail route. B. A comparison of different mail delivery systems. C. A description of the American West’s modernization. D. A man’s reflection on the history of the Pony Express. 2. What is a feature of Unforgettable Journeys Europe? A. It introduces various wild plants. B. It offers some practical travel tips. C. It focuses on landscape photography. D. It shows different traditions in Europe. 3. What does Kate Rawles hope to do with her book? A. Document cultural diversity. B. Call on people to protect nature. C. Suggest cycling for human well-being. D. Promote tourism in the Andes Mountains. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文，主要介绍了四本旅行书籍的相关信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“In 2019, American journalist Will Grant took on a 2,000-mile journey on horseback. Grant describes his 142-day adventure following the Pony Express that operated between April 1860 and October 1861. The Pony Express once used riders who traveled on horseback to deliver mall.”（2019年，美国记者威尔·格兰特（Will Grant）骑马进行了一次2000英里的旅行。格兰特描述了他跟随1860年4月至1861年10月运营的Pony Express142天的冒险经历。Pony Express曾经使用骑马的骑手来投递邮件。）可知，这本书主要是关于一个人沿着一条历史悠久的邮路的旅程，故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Photos, maps and plenty of information(including start and end points for trails, difficulty ratings and website links) are spread throughout the text, making the book as much colorful reference as it is inspiring to read.”（照片、地图和大量信息（包括步道的起点和终点、难度评级和网站链接）散布在全文中，使这本书既是丰富多彩的参考资料，也是令人鼓舞的阅读。）可知，这本书提供了一些实用的旅行提示，故选B。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“During this journey, the author saw firsthand the harmful impacts of extreme biodiversity loss caused by human activity such as cutting down trees. She shared her concerns and insight in her book, and expected to inspire actions.”（在这次旅行中，作者亲眼目睹了砍伐树木等人类活动造成的极端生物多样性丧失的有害影响。她在书中分享了自己的担忧和见解，并希望能激励人们采取行动。）可知，Kate Rawles希望通过她的书籍呼吁人们保护自然，故选B。 B I was driving when my phone warned me of a new email. Filled with eager expectation, I pulled over, turned on my lights, and opened it. My emotions quickly changed as I learned, for the sixth and final time, that I hadn’t been given a promotion to full professor. I was devastated that my institution didn’t seem to value what I brought to the table. But when I told my family that night, my children offered a surprisingly positive response. They were excited to see what I was going to do next, they said. This had been the final step in a long process lasting 15 months. I had started by studying successful promotion bids and asking senior scholars for discussions about my readiness. I had carefully prepared my application packet, summarizing everything I had achieved in my career. For more than a year. I had spent hours every day trying to prove my worth to my university. To my surprise, having a final answer brought a welcome sense of closure. As a first step toward healing (治愈), I decided to prioritize (优先考虑) my own values and follow my own internal (内心的) compass. I spent more time with my family. I founded a nonprofit that helps first-generation and low-income students and young professionals advance in the workforce while serving their community. The project had long been a dream of mine, but I never pursued it because typical academic hiring and promotion don’t reward such efforts. Now, such considerations were no longer my North Star. Five months after that email from top leadership, I found myself in the car again, experiencing another career-defining moment . I may have lost my bid for a big promotion, but in the end, it brought me to the right place. 4. What does the underlined word “devastated” in the first paragraph mean? A. Sorrowful. B. Anxious. C. Relieved. D. Embarrassed. 5. What is the second paragraph mainly about? A. What contributions the author had made. B. How successful the author’s career had been. C. How long the author had prepared the application. D. What efforts the author had made for this promotion. 6. Which of the following would the author probably agree with？ A. Success is more than a title or a rank. B. It is difficult to give up our careers. C. Serving the community may heal a broken heart. D. His real value first lies in his family interaction. 7. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Promotion prospect: my North Star B. Full professor: a double-edged sword C. A career setback becomes a great opportunity D. My academic career witnesses a failed promotion 【答案】4. A 5. D 6. A 7. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在自己多次申请正教授被拒后，思想发生转变，以及最后找到另一份更好的工作的经历。 【4题详解】 词句猜测题。根据文章第一段“Filled with eager expectation, I pulled over, turned on my lights, and opened it. My emotions quickly changed as I learned, for the sixth and final time, that I hadn’t been given a promotion to full professor. (我满怀期待地把车停在路边，打开灯，打开邮件。当我第六次也是最后一次得知我没有被提升为正教授时，我的情绪迅速发生了变化)”以及“my institution didn’t seem to value what I brought to the table. (我所在的机构似乎并不看重我带来的东西)”可知，作者满怀期待打开邮件，却发现自己再一次被拒绝，由此可推知，作者读完邮件之后的心情应该是悲伤的，所以划线词的意思是“悲伤的”，与sorrowful同义。故选A。 【5题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“This had been the final step in a long process lasting 15 months. I had started by studying successful promotion bids and asking senior scholars for discussions about my readiness. I had carefully prepared my application packet, summarizing everything I had achieved in my career. For more than a year. I had spent hours every day trying to prove my worth to my university.(这是一个长达15个月的漫长过程的最后一步，涉及了如此多的努力。我从研究成功的晋升案例开始，并请资深学者坦率地讨论我的准备情况。我仔细准备了我的申请材料，总结了我在职业生涯中取得的所有成就。在一年多的时间里，我每天都花几个小时来证明我对学校的价值)”可知，第二段主要讲述了作者为晋升做了哪些努力。故选D。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“The project had long been a dream of mine, but I never pursued it because typical academic hiring and promotion don’t reward such efforts. Now, such considerations were no longer my North Star.(这个计划一直是我的梦想，但我从未追求过，因为典型的学术招聘和晋升不会奖励这种努力。现在，这样的考虑不再是我的北极星)”和文章最后一段“I may have lost my bid for a big promotion, but in the end, it brought me to the right place.(我可能失去了一次大的晋升的机会，但最终，它把我带到了正确的地方)”可推知，作者可能会同意成功不仅仅是一个头衔或地位。故选A。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“Five months after that email from top leadership, I found myself in the car again, experiencing another career-defining moment . I may have lost my bid for a big promotion, but in the end, it brought me to the right place.(收到那封来自高层领导的电子邮件五个月后，我发现自己又坐在车里，经历了另一个职业生涯的决定性时刻。我可能失去了一次大的晋升的机会，但最终，它把我带到了正确的地方)”和全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了作者在自己多次申请正教授被拒后，思想发生转变，以及最后找到另一份更好的工作的经历。由此可知，C项：A career setback becomes a great opportunity(事业上的挫折会变成一次绝好的机会)最适合作为文章标题。故选C。 C Antarctica (南极洲) is a great, icy land mass, surrounded by the huge Southern Ocean. The ice in Antarctica doesn’t just cover the land. There’s also a huge area of sea ice which floats (漂浮) on the ocean’s surface. However, scientists have reported that Antarctica’s sea ice is at a record low level. That’s worrying because the sea ice is an important part of the Earth’s cooling system. When it’s frozen, sea ice throws sunlight back out into space. But when the sea ice melts (融化), the water left behind is darker, and takes in and keeps more heat. Every year, the sea ice at the South Pole goes through a cycle of melting and freezing. In summer, the huge masses of sea ice melt to their smallest point. Over the colder winter months, the sea ice grows and grows until it covers an extremely wide area. For most of this time, Antarctica has seemed to be almost unaffected by the changing weather conditions. In fact, until recent years, Antarctica’s sea ice area mainly set records for growing. That began to shrink. This year, Antarctica’s sea ice was at a new record low — not just by a little bit, but by a lot. The last time Antarctica’s low sea ice set a record at the end of winter was in 1986. And this year, there’s about 398,000 square miles less sea ice than in 1986. Scientists are working hard to better understand Antarctica. It’s not yet clear if the low sea ice level is a short-term problem, or part of climate change. The concern is that the melting sea ice could start a cycle that might cause even more ice to melt. The ice loss problems in Antarctica are fairly recent, but the same is not true at the North Pole. where the low level of sea ice has been a concern for years. But the present situation is now similar in both places. 8. What makes the sea ice important for humans？ A. It helps cool the planet. B. It increases the area of land. C. It affects the height of the sea level. D. It has the cycle of melting and freezing. 9. What does the underlined word “shrink” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Cooling off. B. Moving. C. Breaking up. D. Reducing. 10. What do we know about the low sea ice level in Antarctica? A. It will become a long-term problem. B. It will take time to discover its cause. C. It will lead to rapid changes in climate. D. It will affect its melting-and-freezing cycle. 11. The author mentions the 1986 record and the North Pole to show________. A. the influence of Antarctica’s low sea ice level B. the seriousness of Antarctica’s low sea ice level C. the importance of dealing with climate change D. the differences between Antarctica and the North Pole 【答案】8. A 9. D 10. B 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文属于说明文。文章介绍了南极海冰面积达历史最低，影响地球降温系统，科学家正探究其为短期现象还是气候变化所致，南北极冰层减少问题显现，引发科学家担忧。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第二段中“That’s worrying because the sea ice is an important part of the Earth’s cooling system. When it’s frozen, sea ice throws sunlight back out into space. But when the sea ice melts (融化), the water left behind is darker, and takes in and keeps more heat. (这令人担忧，因为海冰是地球冷却系统的重要组成部分。当海冰结冰时，它会将阳光反射回太空。但当海冰融化时，留下的水颜色更暗，吸收并保留了更多的热量。)”可知，海冰对人类重要是因为它有助于给地球降温。故选A。 【9题详解】 词句猜测题。由划线词所在句的前一句“In fact, until recent years, Antarctica’s sea ice area mainly set records for growing. (事实上，直到最近几年，南极洲的海冰面积一直在不断增长。)”和第四段中“This year, Antarctica’s sea ice was at a new record low — not just by a little bit, but by a lot. (今年，南极洲的海冰创下了历史新低——不仅减少了一点点，而且减少了很多。)”可知，南极洲的海冰面积之前一直在增长，而今年却达到了新低，说明海冰面积开始减少。因此，shrinking应意为“减少”。A. Cooling off冷却；B. Moving移动；C. Breaking up分手；D. Reducing减少。故选D。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第五段中“It’s not yet clear if the low sea ice level is a short-term problem, or part of climate change. (目前尚不清楚低海冰水平是一个短期问题，还是气候变化的一部分。)”可知，南极洲海冰水平低的原因还需要时间来发现。故选B。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。由文章第四段“This year, Antarctica’s sea ice was at a new record low — not just by a little bit, but by a lot. The last time Antarctica’s low sea ice set a record at the end of winter was in 1986. And this year, there’s about 398,000 square miles less sea ice than in 1986. (今年，南极洲的海冰创下了历史新低——不仅减少了一点点，而且减少了很多。上一次南极洲的海冰在冬末创下纪录是在1986年。今年，海冰面积比1986年减少了39.8万平方英里。)”和最后一段“The ice loss problems in Antarctica are fairly recent, but the same is not true at the North Pole. where the low level of sea ice has been a concern for years. But the present situation is now similar in both places. (南极洲的冰损失问题是最近才出现的，但北极的情况并非如此。那里的海冰水平过低多年来一直是人们关注的问题。但是现在两地的情况是相似的。)”可知，作者提及1986年的记录和北极的情况是为了显示南极洲海冰水平降低的严重性，即这一问题不仅在南极洲出现，在北极也长期存在，且现在两者情况相似。故选B。 D According to a study published in the June 2023 issue of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, bottlenose dolphin mothers speak to their calves (幼崽) in higher pitched (高音的) whistles. This communication is similar to the higher pitched speech people use when speaking to babies. Dolphins use whistles to communicate with other dolphins and researchers have been trying to understand this language for a long time. It was through recordings of dolphins’ communication that researchers found that the whistles were different when mothers were directing them at their calves. They had a higher pitch. The researchers studied recordings of 19 female dolphins living in the Sarasota Bay area along the western coast of Florida. Microphones were repeatedly placed on the same wild dolphin mothers to capture (捕捉) the recordings. Every one of the 19 dolphin moms changed the pitch of their whistles when their calves were nearby. At this point researchers don’t know what the higher pitch is used for, it could be a teaching method or just a way to let the calves know that Mom is there. They are studying it now. “It’s really important for a calf to know ‘Oh, Mum is talking to me now’,” said Janet Mann, a biologist at Georgetown University, who didn’t take part in the study. Human babies learn to speak by copying their moms, so it’s sound to think that calves in other species do the same. Scientists believe babies pay more attention to speech with a higher pitch. Still more studies are needed to see if this child-directed speech (CDS) crosses more species. Finding CDS in both humans and dolphins could encourage scientists to study how different species in different geographic locations develop the same features. It turns out that humans aren’t so unique in terms of language and parenting. Hopefully this knowledge will encourage the protection of species around the globe. 12. What can we learn from the first two paragraphs? A. Dolphins’ whistles are actually easy to record. B. Dolphins are the smartest animals on the earth. C. Dolphin mothers are gifted at making whistles. D. Dolphin mothers speak to their calves in baby talk. 13. What is the function of the microphones? A. To help dolphins communicate with each other. B. To tell different female dolphins apart. C To help dolphins speak louder. D. To get dolphins’ recordings. 14. What are the researchers trying to find out now? A. The calves’ answers to their mothers’ baby talk. B. Dolphin mothers’ way of changing their pitch. C. The purpose of dolphin mothers’ louder whistles. D. Dolphin mothers’ methods of teaching their calves. 15. What is the author’s opinion of the finding of the study? A. It is shocking. B. It is meaningful. C. It is upsetting. D. It is unsatisfactory. 【答案】12. D 13. D 14. C 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇科普说明文，主要讲述了一项科学研究，该研究发现海豚母亲会用更高音调的口哨声与小海豚交流，这种交流方式与人类对婴儿的高音调语言相似。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“bottlenose dolphin mothers speak to their calves (幼崽) in higher pitched (高音的) whistles. This communication is similar to the higher pitched speech people use when speaking to babies.”（宽吻海豚母亲会用更高音调的口哨声与小海豚交流，这种交流方式与人类对婴儿的高音调语言相似）可知，海豚母亲会用类似于人类对婴儿的高音调语言与小海豚交流，故选D。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Microphones were repeatedly placed on the same wild dolphin mothers to capture (捕捉) the recordings.”（麦克风被反复放置在同一只野生海豚母亲身上以捕捉录音）可知，麦克风的作用是获取海豚的录音，故选D。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“At this point researchers don’t know what the higher pitch is used for, it could be a teaching method or just a way to let the calves know that Mom is there. They are studying it now.”（目前，研究人员还不知道这种更高的音调是用来做什么的，可能是一种教学方法，或者只是让小海豚知道妈妈在那里。他们现在正在研究这个问题）可知，研究人员现在正在试图找出海豚母亲使用更高音调口哨声的目的，故选C。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“It turns out that humans aren’t so unique in terms of language and parenting. Hopefully this knowledge will encourage the protection of species around the globe.”（事实证明，人类在语言和育儿方面并不独特。希望这种知识能鼓励全球的物种保护）可知，作者认为这项研究的发现是有意义的，故选B。 第二节 (共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 In an increasingly busy world, finding moments of peace is more important than ever. One way to make you have a peaceful feeling at home is to have an indoor water fountain. ____16____ And it also offers a lot of calming benefits that are able to positively influence your well-being. ____17____ It can contribute to feelings of calmness and relaxation, making you forget about the demands of the outside world. Indoor water fountains offer a convenient and accessible way to bring this relaxing experience into your home. Indoor water fountains can also improve the quality of the air in your home. As water flows, small drops of water go away into the surrounding air. They can help humidify (使湿润) the environment. ____18____ At that time, indoor heating systems can lead to dry, uncomfortable air. Improved air quality can contribute to a sense of well-being and comfort. Indoor water fountains can help improve concentration by creating a calming environment. Whether you are working from home or dealing with a challenging project, it helps you keep focused and improve your performance. Students also need to be highly focused when studying.____19____ For those who struggle with sleep issues, an indoor water fountain can be a valuable aid. Listening to the sound of an indoor water fountain can bring them into a deeper and more restful sleep. ____20____ Besides, having a fountain in their bedroom helps to drown out (淹没) background noise, creating a more peaceful sleep environment. A. It adds a touch of beauty to your home. B. This is because flowing water sounds relaxing. C. This is particularly valuable during the winter months. D. The presence of a water fountain is beneficial to them too. E. Indoor water fountains can also make you get close to nature. F. The gentle sound of flowing water can reduce stress and anxiety. G. Whether it’s a modern design or a more traditional style, add one indoors. 【答案】16. A 17. F 18. C 19. D 20. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了在家安装室内喷泉的好处。 【16题详解】 根据空前“One way to make you have a peaceful feeling at home is to have an indoor water fountain.(让你在家里有一种平静的感觉的一种方法是拥有一个室内喷泉。)”和空后“And it also offers a lot of calming benefits that are able to positively influence your well-being.(它还提供了很多镇静的好处，能够积极影响你的健康。)”可知，空处讲述的应是室内喷泉的好处，A项“它为你的家增添了一丝美丽。”符合文意，故选A。 【17题详解】 根据空后“It can contribute to feelings of calmness and relaxation, making you forget about the demands of the outside world.(它可以让你感到平静和放松，让你忘记外界的要求。)”可知，It指代空处提到的内容，能够让你感到平静和放松并忘记外界的要求，由此可知，空处应是说喷泉流水声的作用，F项“轻柔的流水声可以减轻压力和焦虑。”符合文意。故选F。 【18题详解】 根据空后“At that time, indoor heating systems can lead to dry, uncomfortable air.(那时，室内供暖系统会导致空气干燥、不舒服。)”可知，空处应讲述在冬天的时候室内喷泉的增湿作用，C项“这在冬季尤为珍贵。”符合文意。故选C。 【19题详解】 根据空前“Students also need to be highly focused when studying.(学生在学习时也需要高度集中注意力。)”可知，空处应讲述室内喷泉对学生的好处，D项“喷泉的存在对他们也是有益的。”符合文意。故选D。 【20题详解】 根据空前“Listening to the sound of an indoor water fountain can bring them into a deeper and more restful sleep.(聆听室内喷泉的声音可以让他们进入更深、更宁静的睡眠。)”可知，空处应解释聆听室内喷泉的声音有助于睡眠的原因，B项“这是因为流动的水听起来很放松。”符合文意。故选B。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I grew up in Kazakhstan. Before I moved to America, I never expected that I would experience a culture shock. The first thing that ____21____ me was how Americans tend to be very ____22____. They will start a ____23____ with passengers on the bus and say hello to strangers on the street. Americans become friends first and build up ____24____ later. However, for Kazakhs, they have to ____25____ that someone is good and honest before having a harmonious ____26____. That’s why at first we may appear ____27____ because we have to know someone in order to ____28____ them, but once we do, we are very warm people. Another aspect of American culture that I found different from my culture was a sense of ____29____ and personal space. Americans feel ____30____ when others stand too close. In America when friends greet, they shake hands or give a short hug and immediately step aside to have some ____31____ for conversation. Also, Americans do not ____32____ to be asked their age, weight, or personal matters. In Kazakhstan we greet each other with a hug and a kiss and personal space is not a ____33____. Kazakhs would rather speak sitting or walking quite close to each other. Moreover, it is ____34____ to ask about someone’s age or weight. Part of the excitement of living in a new culture is knowing how it differs from your own culture. By learning to ____35____ the culture of another country, we become more open-minded. 21. A. encouraged B. confused C. annoyed D. inspired 22. A. curious B. honest C. friendly D. careful 23. A. speech B. fight C. business D. chat 24. A. trust B. confidence C. support D. strength 25. A. announce B. promise C. believe D. explain 26. A. environment B. balance C. match D. relationship 27. A. cold B. surprised C. irresponsible D. emotional 28. A. catch up with B. open up to C. take notice of D. look up to 29 A. adventure B. authority C. privacy D. belonging 30. A. sorry B. worthless C. shocked D. uncomfortable 31. A. preparation B. distance C. chance D. advice 32. A. like B. care C. wait D. need 33. A. cause B. test C. lesson D. choice 34. A. normal B. necessary C. difficult D. possible 35. A. change B. understand C. describe D. celebrate 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. B 32. A 33. D 34. A 35. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者从哈萨克斯坦移居美国后经历的文化冲击，包括美国人友好开放的交流方式、对个人隐私的重视以及与哈萨克斯坦文化差异的对比。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：首先让我感到困惑的是，美国人通常非常友好。A. encouraged鼓励；B. confused使困惑；C. annoyed使生气；D. inspired启发。根据上文“Before I moved to America, I never expected that I would experience a culture shock.”可知，作者初到美国，经历了文化冲突，对于美国人之间的互动感到非常的困惑。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：首先让我感到困惑的是，美国人通常非常友好。A. curious好奇的；B. honest诚实的；C. friendly友好的；D. careful仔细的。根据下文“They will start a ____3____ with passengers on the bus and say hello to strangers on the street.”可知，美国人会与公交车上的乘客开始聊天，向街上的陌生人打招呼，这些行为体现了友好性。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们会与公交车上的乘客开始聊天，向街上的陌生人打招呼。A. speech演讲；B. fight斗争；C. business生意；D. chat聊天。根据句中“say hello to strangers on the street”可知，美国人会与公交车上的乘客开始聊天，向街上的陌生人打招呼。故选D。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：美国人先成为朋友，然后再建立信任。A. trust信任；B. confidence自信；C. support支持；D. strength力量。根据下文“However, for Kazakhs, they have to ____5____ that someone is good and honest before having a harmonious ____6____ .”可知，此处提到的Kazakhs需要先确定某人是好和诚实的，这与美国人先交友后建立信任的过程形成对比。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，对于哈萨克斯坦人来说，他们必须相信一个人是好和诚实的，才能建立和谐的关系。A. announce宣布；B. promise承诺；C. believe相信；D. explain解释。根据上文“that someone is good and honest before having a harmonious ____6____”可知，此处指在建立关系前，哈萨克斯坦人会先评估对方的品质，相信某人是好和诚实的符合这一过程。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，对于哈萨克斯坦人来说，他们必须相信一个人是好和诚实的，才能建立和谐的关系。A. environment环境；B. balance平衡；C. match匹配；D. relationship关系。根据上文“Americans become friends first and build up ____4____ later.”可知，成为朋友就是建立和谐的关系。故选D。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这就是为什么起初我们可能显得冷漠，因为我们必须了解某人之后才能对他们敞开心扉，但一旦我们做到了，我们就是非常热情的人。A. cold冷漠的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. irresponsible不负责任的；D. emotional情绪化的。根据下文“once we do, we are very warm people”可知，此处是在进行相对，描述的是在未建立信任前的初步印象，即“冷漠”。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：这就是为什么起初我们可能显得冷漠，因为我们必须了解某人之后才能对他们敞开心扉，但一旦我们做到了，我们就是非常热情的人。A. catch up with赶上；B. open up to对……开放；C. take notice of注意到；D. look up to尊敬。根据空前“because we have to know someone”可知，这里指与人建立信任后愿意分享和亲近的心态，“对……敞开心扉”符合语境。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我发现美国文化与我的文化不同的另一个方面是对隐私和个人空间的意识。A. adventure冒险；B. authority权威；C. privacy隐私；D. belonging归属感。根据下文“personal space”可知，美国人对个人空间和个人信息询问的非常敏感，此处应指对隐私的重视。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当别人站得太近时，美国人会感到不舒服。A. sorry抱歉的；B. worthless无价值的；C. shocked震惊的；D. uncomfortable不舒服的。根据上文“nother aspect of American culture that I found different from my culture was a sense of ____9____ and personal space.”可知，美国人重视个人空间，当他人侵犯了这个空间时，他们会感觉不舒服。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在美国，当朋友问候时，他们会握手或简短拥抱，然后立即退后，为交谈留出一定的距离。A. preparation准备；B. distance距离；C. chance机会；D. advice建议。根据上文“Americans feel ____10____ when others stand too close.”可知，美国人注重个人空前，所以这里指的是为了舒适地交谈，美国人会保持适当的距离。故选B。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：此外，美国人不喜欢被问及他们的年龄、体重或个人问题。A. like喜欢；B. care关心；C. wait等待；D. need需要。根据上文“Another aspect of American culture that I found different from my culture was a sense of ____9____ and personal space.”可知，美国人对个人隐私较为敏感，因此不喜欢被问及这类私人问题。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在哈萨克斯坦，我们通过拥抱和亲吻来问候彼此，个人空间并不是一个考虑因素。A. cause原因；B. test测试；C. lesson课程；D. choice选择。根据空前“In Kazakhstan we greet each other with a hug and a kiss and personal space is not a”可知，在哈萨克斯坦的文化中，人们不介意身体接触，个人空间不是一个需要特别做出选择的问题。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：此外，询问他人的年龄或体重是正常的。A. normal正常的；B. necessary必要的；C. difficult困难的；D. possible可能的。根据上文“Also, Americans do not ____12____ to be asked their age, weight, or personal matters.”可知，与美国文化中的隐私观念不同，在哈萨克斯坦询问年龄或体重是常见的、可以接受的正常行为。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过学习理解另一个国家的文化，我们变得更加开放思维。A. change改变；B. understand理解；C. describe描述；D. celebrate庆祝。根据全文语境可知，作者通过对比自己国家文化和美国文化的不同，强调了理解和适应新文化的重要性。故选B。 第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Throughout history, Chinese sword (剑) culture continuously enriched with time. The sword is known as ____36____ “ancestor of short weapons” Chinese swords took shape in the Shang Dynasty. Until China’s Spring and Autumn Period, the sword remained the mainstream weapon on the battlefield. ____37____ (use) by ancient kings and nobles, the sword was a symbol of power and dignity. They often presented swords as a form of friendship. In the Spring and Autumn Period, Ji Zha, ambassador (使节) of State Wu, passed State Xu on his way to Jin and Lu. The king of State Xu fell in love with Ji Zha’s sword. However, it was hard to ask for it. Ji Zha decided ____38____ (gift) the sword to him, but when he returned, the king had been ____39____ (die). To keep his promise, Ji Zha ____40____ (hang) his sword on the tree in front of the king’s tomb. Ji Zha’s story later represented a gentleman’s trustworthiness. In the Han Dynasty, sword culture among the literate ____41____ (gradual) rose. They wore and danced with swords,____42____ this showed their proficiency in literature and martial arts. In modern times, sword culture, as a part of traditional Chinese martial arts, ____43____ (face) the challenge of weak inheritance (遗传). In recent years, sword culture has developed again ____44____ the rise of traditional Chinese culture. As one of the Chinese _____45_____ (nation) traditional “brands”, sword culture plays a role in strengthening physical fitness and promoting virtue. 【答案】36. the 37. Used 38. to gift 39. dead 40. hung 41. gradually 42. and 43. faces 44. with 45. nation’s 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的剑的历史以及剑文化的传承。 【36题详解】 考查冠词。句意：剑被称为“短兵器之祖”。此处后文ancestor为特指“短兵器之祖”，应用定冠词the。故填the。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：被古代国王和贵族使用，剑是权力和尊严的象征。此处sword与use构成被动关系，故用过去分词作状语，首字母大写。故填Used。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：季札决定把剑送给他，但当他回来时，国王已经死了。此处为短语decide to do sth.表示“决定做某事”。故填to gift。 【39题详解】 考查形容词。句意：季札决定把剑送给他，但当他回来时，国王已经死了。此处作表语，表示“死亡的”应用形容词dead。故填dead。 【40题详解】 考查时态。句意：为了实现他的诺言，季札把他的剑挂在国王墓前的树上。结合上文In the Spring and Autumn Period可知发生在过去，用一般过去时，空格处是谓语动词，填入过去式。故填hung。 【41题详解】 考查副词。句意：到了汉代，文人中的剑文化逐渐兴起。修饰动词rose应用副词gradually，故填gradually。 【42题详解】 考查连词。句意：他们佩剑跳舞，这表明他们精通文学和武术。结合前后文语境可知为并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。 【43题详解】 考查时态。句意：近代以来，剑文化作为中国传统武术的一部分，面临着传承薄弱的挑战。根据上文In modern times可知描述现在的状态，用一般现在时，主语为sword culture，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填faces。 【44题详解】 考查介词。句意：近年来，随着中国传统文化的兴起，剑文化再次发展起来。表示“随着”，作伴随状语，应用介词with。故填with。 【45题详解】 考查名词所有格。句意：剑文化作为中华民族的传统“品牌”之一，具有强身健体、弘扬美德的作用。此处nation与brands构成所属关系，应用名词所有格形式。故填nation’s。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，想参加你校英语俱乐部组织的演讲比赛，畅想未来的交通工具。请根据以下要点提示写一篇演讲稿，参加比赛。 1.对未来的交通工具展开设想； 2.分析可能存在的利弊； 3.表明你的观点。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: Good morning, everyone! The topic of my speech is transportation in the future. In the future, the flying car will appear and be widely used in our daily life. Not only is it user-friendly, but also it can help save time. However, every coin has two sides. The flying car is no difference. For example, some people may complain about the noise it will make. In my opinion, technology is just a tool. We should improve related laws and let it serve our life better. This is the end of my speech. Thank you for listening. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一篇演讲稿，参加学校英语俱乐部组织的演讲比赛，对未来的交通工具展开设想，分析可能存在的利弊，并表明自己的观点。 【详解】1.词汇积累 帮助：help→assist 依我看来：in my opinion→in my view 提高：improve→promote 演讲：speech→lecture 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：In the future, the flying car will appear and be widely used in our daily life. 拓展句：In the future, the flying car will appear, which will be widely used in our daily life. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Not only is it user-friendly, but also it can help save time.（运用了部分倒装句） 【高分句型2】For example, some people may complain about the noise it will make.（运用了省略that或者which引导的定语从句） 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整短文。 My younger sister and I loved to play the piano, so when the annual winter concert was canceled, we were disappointed. We had been looking forward to it for a long time and had already prepared two of our best pieces. “You and your sister can perform at Carriage House Senior Living (CHSL),” my mom suggested. “The seniors there would love your music and you could each play more than just two pieces.” It seemed like a win-win situation because I’d play more songs and also have the chance to cheer up the residents with some lively music. My mom called CHSL and made arrangements for my sister and me to perform. We were told we could play the piano during the Sunday dinner hour in two weeks. In the coming days, I worked hard to polish up fifteen pieces that I thought the crowd would enjoy. My sister and I decided that first I would play three songs and then she would. We would take turns playing until the end of the hour. When the day finally arrived, we reached CHSL, and stepped into an entryway that overlooked the big dining room. Right at the entrance to the room stood the piano. The dining area was filled with round tables. At nearly every table several gray-haired people were seated, enjoying an early dinner and the company that the crowded room provided. Regardless of the conversations going on at various tables, isolation (孤独) hung like a dark cloud in the room. Almost immediately, we were greeted by an old woman who introduced herself as Phyllis. “You two must be here to play the piano,” she said smiling. When we nodded, she seemed pleased and told someone to get a microphone. “I’ll introduce you to the audience,” she said. She told us that she was always the one in charge of doing things like that. I asked her if I could introduce myself and she agreed. While we were waiting for the microphone, I pressed a key on the piano and it produced a beautiful sound. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150 左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。 Soon a man returned with a microphone. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ My nervousness disappeared as I began the song. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version : Soon a man returned with a microphone. Phyllis slowly made her way to the front of the crowd. My sister and I stood next to her as she announced, “These two girls are here to play the piano for us. Welcome!” As she handed the microphone to me, there was little applause. We introduced ourselves and added, “We hope you enjoy our performance.” As I sat down on the bench to turn to my first song, my body shook and my heart beat fast. My nervousness disappeared as I began the song. Surprisingly, one old woman got up and began to dance around the room. Gradually, others tapped their feet to the beat of the music. When my sister played, more people danced and smiled. Soon the dinner hour came to an end. We walked to the front of the room and bowed as the crowd applauded warmly. Later, I learned many seniors there hardly had visitors. I was glad to bring joy to them through my music. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者喜欢弹钢琴，也非常喜欢表演自己的歌曲，所以当年度冬季独奏会取消时，作者很失望。然而，妈妈提议去Carriage House Senior Living为那里的老人表演，作者欣然同意，并为之积极准备。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“很快，一个男人带着麦克风回来了。”可知，第一段可描写作者进行了自我介绍，但没有掌声，这让作者有些紧张。 ②由第二段首句内容“当我开始唱歌时，我的紧张情绪消失了。”可知，第二段可描写作者和妹妹进行了丰富的表演，为老人们带去了欢乐。 2.续写线索：拿来麦克风——进行自我介绍——没有掌声有些紧张——开始表演——与老人们互动——为老人们带去欢乐 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①喜欢：enjoy/be fond of ②颤抖：shake/tremble ③站起来：get up/stand up 情绪类 ①热情地：warmly /passionately ②高兴的：glad/delighted 【点睛】[高分句型1] As she handed the microphone to me, there was little applause.（运用了as引导的时间状语从句） [高分句型2] Later, I learned many seniors there hardly had visitors.（运用了省略that的宾语从句） 1—5 ACACB 6—10 BABCC 11—15 BCABC 16—20 BBACC 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2023—2024学年度第二学期期中考试 高二英语试题 (B) 2024.4 注意事项： 1.本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 2.答题前，考生务必将姓名、班级等个人信息填写在答题卡指定位置。 3.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答。超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 (共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Where is the design class? A. Down a level. B. Up a level. C. On the same level. 2. What does the man like best about the apartment? A. Its pretty garden. B. Its large rooms. C. Its convenient location. 3. What will the woman do on Saturday?’ A. Go to the beach. B. Go to a party. C. Go to work. 4. What is the woman saving money for? A. Donations to a project. B. The electricity bill. C. A new car. 5. What is the man’s favorite subject? A. Art. B. Math. C. Literature. 第二节 (共15小题：每小题1.5分， 满分22.5分) 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。 6. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Mother and son. B. Classmates. C. Brother and sister 7. Who is probably the best player in the club now: A. Sam. B. Ming. C. Vince. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Which country is the man’s second destination? A. France. B. Italy. C. Spain. 9. Why will the man spend more time in Spain? A. To learn Spanish. B. To go sightseeing. C. To visit his relatives. 10. How many days will the trip last? A. 10. B. 12. C. 17. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11 What’s the man’s special request? A. No drinks. B. No cheese. C. Onion rings. 12. Why does the man refuse dessert? A. He thinks it too expensive. B. He doesn’t like sweet foods. C. He won’t have time to eat it. 13. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a restaurant. B. In a company cafeteria. C. In the man’s kitchen. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14. How is the woman feeling now? A. Tired. B. Excited. C. Surprised. 15. Where does the man come from originally? A. San Francisco. B. London. C. Beijing. 16. What is the main topic of the conversation? A. Christmas. B. The Spring Festival. C. The Dragon Boat Festival. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What type of problem is the train network experiencing? A. A weather problem. B. An electrical problem. C. A technique problem. 18. When will the train arrive at Manchester station? A. At 1:00 pm. B. At 1: 30 pm. C. At 2:00 pm. 19. What should passengers to Wigan do? A. Take a bus instead. B. Take the next train. C. Walk to a different station. 20. Which platform will the train to West Kirby leave from now? A. Platform F. B. Platform G. C. Platform K. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A It’s often said that travel is all about the journey, but it can be almost as exciting to travel the world from the comfort of our homes. Just pick up several travel books that share the extraordinary ability to transport readers through time and space. The Last Ride of the Pony Express In 2019, American journalist Will Grant took on a 2,000-mile journey on horseback. Grant describes his 142-day adventure following the Pony Express that operated between April 1860 and October 1861. The Pony Express once used riders who traveled on horseback to deliver mall. While Grant reflects on the West’s modernization over time, it’s his vivid (生动的) descriptions of local residents along the way that make the book a real page-turner. Unforgettable Journey s Europe The book shows travel really is all about “getting there”. This inspirational book details 150 of Europe’s best slow adventures, such as kayaking through Lithuania and crossing the Arctic Circle by train. Photos, maps and plenty of information(including start and end points for trails, difficulty ratings and website links) are spread throughout the text, making the book as much colorful reference as it is inspiring to read. Elixir: In the Valley at the End of Time After a decade of living in the Scottish Highlands, native Bulgarian Kapka Kassabova returned to her roots (根) in Mesta Valley, a rural region known for its wild crops. The poet and writer set out to study the deep relationship between the area’s people and plants, as well as with the land itself. Her text explorers a lesser-known area filled with nature and traditional customs. The Life Cycle British writer and cyclist Kate Rawles took a 13-month journey across the length of the Andes Mountains en a self-built bamboo bicycle. During this journey, the author saw firsthand the harmful impacts of extreme biodiversity loss caused by human activity such as cutting down trees. She shared her concerns and insight in her book, and expected to inspire actions. 1. What is The Last Ride of the Pony Express mainly about? A. A man’s journey along a historic mail route. B. A comparison of different mail delivery systems. C. A description of the American West’s modernization. D. A man’s reflection on the history of the Pony Express. 2. What is a feature of Unforgettable Journeys Europe? A. It introduces various wild plants. B. It offers some practical travel tips. C. It focuses on landscape photography. D. It shows different traditions in Europe. 3. What does Kate Rawles hope to do with her book? A. Document cultural diversity. B. Call on people to protect nature. C. Suggest cycling for human well-being. D. Promote tourism in the Andes Mountains. B I was driving when my phone warned me of a new email. Filled with eager expectation, I pulled over, turned on my lights, and opened it. My emotions quickly changed as I learned, for the sixth and final time, that I hadn’t been given a promotion to full professor. I was devastated that my institution didn’t seem to value what I brought to the table. But when I told my family that night, my children offered a surprisingly positive response. They were excited to see what I was going to do next, they said. This had been the final step in a long process lasting 15 months. I had started by studying successful promotion bids and asking senior scholars for discussions about my readiness. I had carefully prepared my application packet, summarizing everything I had achieved in my career. For more than a year. I had spent hours every day trying to prove my worth to my university. To my surprise, having a final answer brought a welcome sense of closure. As a first step toward healing (治愈), I decided to prioritize (优先考虑) my own values and follow my own internal (内心的) compass. I spent more time with my family. I founded a nonprofit that helps first-generation and low-income students and young professionals advance in the workforce while serving their community. The project had long been a dream of mine, but I never pursued it because typical academic hiring and promotion don’t reward such efforts. Now, such considerations were no longer my North Star. Five months after that email from top leadership, I found myself in the car again, experiencing another career-defining moment . I may have lost my bid for a big promotion, but in the end, it brought me to the right place. 4. What does the underlined word “devastated” in the first paragraph mean? A. Sorrowful. B. Anxious. C. Relieved. D. Embarrassed. 5. What is the second paragraph mainly about? A. What contributions the author had made. B. How successful the author’s career had been. C. How long the author had prepared the application. D. What efforts the author had made for this promotion. 6. Which of the following would the author probably agree with？ A. Success is more than a title or a rank. B. It is difficult to give up our careers. C. Serving the community may heal a broken heart. D. His real value first lies in his family interaction. 7. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Promotion prospect: my North Star B. Full professor: a double-edged sword C. A career setback becomes a great opportunity D. My academic career witnesses a failed promotion C Antarctica (南极洲) is a great, icy land mass, surrounded by the huge Southern Ocean. The ice in Antarctica doesn’t just cover the land. There’s also a huge area of sea ice which floats (漂浮) on the ocean’s surface. However, scientists have reported that Antarctica’s sea ice is at a record low level. That’s worrying because the sea ice is an important part of the Earth’s cooling system. When it’s frozen, sea ice throws sunlight back out into space. But when the sea ice melts (融化), the water left behind is darker, and takes in and keeps more heat. Every year, the sea ice at the South Pole goes through a cycle of melting and freezing. In summer, the huge masses of sea ice melt to their smallest point. Over the colder winter months, the sea ice grows and grows until it covers an extremely wide area. For most of this time, Antarctica has seemed to be almost unaffected by the changing weather conditions. In fact, until recent years, Antarctica’s sea ice area mainly set records for growing. That began to shrink. This year, Antarctica’s sea ice was at a new record low — not just by a little bit, but by a lot. The last time Antarctica’s low sea ice set a record at the end of winter was in 1986. And this year, there’s about 398,000 square miles less sea ice than in 1986. Scientists are working hard to better understand Antarctica. It’s not yet clear if the low sea ice level is a short-term problem, or part of climate change. The concern is that the melting sea ice could start a cycle that might cause even more ice to melt. The ice loss problems in Antarctica are fairly recent, but the same is not true at the North Pole. where the low level of sea ice has been a concern for years. But the present situation is now similar in both places. 8. What makes the sea ice important for humans？ A. It helps cool the planet. B. It increases the area of land. C. It affects the height of the sea level. D. It has the cycle of melting and freezing. 9 What does the underlined word “shrink” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Cooling off. B. Moving. C. Breaking up. D. Reducing. 10. What do we know about the low sea ice level in Antarctica? A. It will become a long-term problem. B. It will take time to discover its cause. C. It will lead to rapid changes in climate. D. It will affect its melting-and-freezing cycle. 11. The author mentions the 1986 record and the North Pole to show________. A. the influence of Antarctica’s low sea ice level B. the seriousness of Antarctica’s low sea ice level C. the importance of dealing with climate change D. the differences between Antarctica and the North Pole D According to a study published in the June 2023 issue of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, bottlenose dolphin mothers speak to their calves (幼崽) in higher pitched (高音的) whistles. This communication is similar to the higher pitched speech people use when speaking to babies. Dolphins use whistles to communicate with other dolphins and researchers have been trying to understand this language for a long time. It was through recordings of dolphins’ communication that researchers found that the whistles were different when mothers were directing them at their calves. They had a higher pitch. The researchers studied recordings of 19 female dolphins living in the Sarasota Bay area along the western coast of Florida. Microphones were repeatedly placed on the same wild dolphin mothers to capture (捕捉) the recordings. Every one of the 19 dolphin moms changed the pitch of their whistles when their calves were nearby. At this point researchers don’t know what the higher pitch is used for, it could be a teaching method or just a way to let the calves know that Mom is there. They are studying it now. “It’s really important for a calf to know ‘Oh, Mum is talking to me now’,” said Janet Mann, a biologist at Georgetown University, who didn’t take part in the study. Human babies learn to speak by copying their moms, so it’s sound to think that calves in other species do the same. Scientists believe babies pay more attention to speech with a higher pitch. Still more studies are needed to see if this child-directed speech (CDS) crosses more species. Finding CDS in both humans and dolphins could encourage scientists to study how different species in different geographic locations develop the same features. It turns out that humans aren’t so unique in terms of language and parenting. Hopefully this knowledge will encourage the protection of species around the globe. 12. What can we learn from the first two paragraphs? A. Dolphins’ whistles are actually easy to record. B. Dolphins are the smartest animals on the earth. C. Dolphin mothers are gifted at making whistles. D. Dolphin mothers speak to their calves in baby talk. 13 What is the function of the microphones? A To help dolphins communicate with each other. B. To tell different female dolphins apart. C. To help dolphins speak louder. D. To get dolphins’ recordings. 14. What are the researchers trying to find out now? A. The calves’ answers to their mothers’ baby talk. B. Dolphin mothers’ way of changing their pitch. C. The purpose of dolphin mothers’ louder whistles. D. Dolphin mothers’ methods of teaching their calves. 15. What is the author’s opinion of the finding of the study? A. It is shocking. B. It is meaningful. C. It is upsetting. D. It is unsatisfactory. 第二节 (共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 In an increasingly busy world, finding moments of peace is more important than ever. One way to make you have a peaceful feeling at home is to have an indoor water fountain. ____16____ And it also offers a lot of calming benefits that are able to positively influence your well-being. ____17____ It can contribute to feelings of calmness and relaxation, making you forget about the demands of the outside world. Indoor water fountains offer a convenient and accessible way to bring this relaxing experience into your home. Indoor water fountains can also improve the quality of the air in your home. As water flows, small drops of water go away into the surrounding air. They can help humidify (使湿润) the environment. ____18____ At that time, indoor heating systems can lead to dry, uncomfortable air. Improved air quality can contribute to a sense of well-being and comfort. Indoor water fountains can help improve concentration by creating a calming environment. Whether you are working from home or dealing with a challenging project, it helps you keep focused and improve your performance. Students also need to be highly focused when studying.____19____ For those who struggle with sleep issues, an indoor water fountain can be a valuable aid. Listening to the sound of an indoor water fountain can bring them into a deeper and more restful sleep. ____20____ Besides, having a fountain in their bedroom helps to drown out (淹没) background noise, creating a more peaceful sleep environment. A. It adds a touch of beauty to your home. B. This is because flowing water sounds relaxing. C. This is particularly valuable during the winter months. D. The presence of a water fountain is beneficial to them too. E. Indoor water fountains can also make you get close to nature. F. The gentle sound of flowing water can reduce stress and anxiety. G. Whether it’s a modern design or a more traditional style, add one indoors. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I grew up in Kazakhstan. Before I moved to America, I never expected that I would experience a culture shock. The first thing that ____21____ me was how Americans tend to be very ____22____. They will start a ____23____ with passengers on the bus and say hello to strangers on the street. Americans become friends first and build up ____24____ later. However for Kazakhs, they have to ____25____ that someone is good and honest before having a harmonious ____26____. That’s why at first we may appear ____27____ because we have to know someone in order to ____28____ them, but once we do, we are very warm people. Another aspect of American culture that I found different from my culture was a sense of ____29____ and personal space. Americans feel ____30____ when others stand too close. In America when friends greet, they shake hands or give a short hug and immediately step aside to have some ____31____ for conversation. Also, Americans do not ____32____ to be asked their age, weight, or personal matters. In Kazakhstan we greet each other with a hug and a kiss and personal space is not a ____33____. Kazakhs would rather speak sitting or walking quite close to each other. Moreover, it is ____34____ to ask about someone’s age or weight. Part of the excitement of living in a new culture is knowing how it differs from your own culture. By learning to ____35____ the culture of another country, we become more open-minded. 21. A. encouraged B. confused C. annoyed D. inspired 22. A. curious B. honest C. friendly D. careful 23. A. speech B. fight C. business D. chat 24. A. trust B. confidence C. support D. strength 25. A. announce B. promise C. believe D. explain 26. A. environment B. balance C. match D. relationship 27. A. cold B. surprised C. irresponsible D. emotional 28. A. catch up with B. open up to C. take notice of D. look up to 29. A. adventure B. authority C. privacy D. belonging 30. A. sorry B. worthless C. shocked D. uncomfortable 31. A. preparation B. distance C. chance D. advice 32. A. like B. care C. wait D. need 33. A. cause B. test C. lesson D. choice 34. A. normal B. necessary C. difficult D. possible 35. A. change B. understand C. describe D. celebrate 第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Throughout history, Chinese sword (剑) culture continuously enriched with time. The sword is known as ____36____ “ancestor of short weapons” Chinese swords took shape in the Shang Dynasty. Until China’s Spring and Autumn Period, the sword remained the mainstream weapon on the battlefield. ____37____ (use) by ancient kings and nobles, the sword was a symbol of power and dignity. They often presented swords as a form of friendship. In the Spring and Autumn Period, Ji Zha, ambassador (使节) of State Wu, passed State Xu on his way to Jin and Lu. The king of State Xu fell in love with Ji Zha’s sword. However, it was hard to ask for it. Ji Zha decided ____38____ (gift) the sword to him, but when he returned, the king had been ____39____ (die). To keep his promise, Ji Zha ____40____ (hang) his sword on the tree in front of the king’s tomb. Ji Zha’s story later represented a gentleman’s trustworthiness. In the Han Dynasty, sword culture among the literate ____41____ (gradual) rose. They wore and danced with swords,____42____ this showed their proficiency in literature and martial arts. In modern times, sword culture, as a part of traditional Chinese martial arts, ____43____ (face) the challenge of weak inheritance (遗传). In recent years, sword culture has developed again ____44____ the rise of traditional Chinese culture. As one of the Chinese _____45_____ (nation) traditional “brands”, sword culture plays a role in strengthening physical fitness and promoting virtue. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，想参加你校英语俱乐部组织的演讲比赛，畅想未来的交通工具。请根据以下要点提示写一篇演讲稿，参加比赛。 1.对未来的交通工具展开设想； 2.分析可能存在的利弊； 3.表明你的观点。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 My younger sister and I loved to play the piano, so when the annual winter concert was canceled, we were disappointed. We had been looking forward to it for a long time and had already prepared two of our best pieces. “You and your sister can perform at Carriage House Senior Living (CHSL),” my mom suggested. “The seniors there would love your music and you could each play more than just two pieces.” It seemed like a win-win situation because I’d play more songs and also have the chance to cheer up the residents with some lively music. My mom called CHSL and made arrangements for my sister and me to perform. We were told we could play the piano during the Sunday dinner hour in two weeks. In the coming days, I worked hard to polish up fifteen pieces that I thought the crowd would enjoy. My sister and I decided that first I would play three songs and then she would. We would take turns playing until the end of the hour. When the day finally arrived, we reached CHSL, and stepped into an entryway that overlooked the big dining room. Right at the entrance to the room stood the piano. The dining area was filled with round tables. At nearly every table several gray-haired people were seated, enjoying an early dinner and the company that the crowded room provided. Regardless of the conversations going on at various tables, isolation (孤独) hung like a dark cloud in the room. Almost immediately, we were greeted by an old woman who introduced herself as Phyllis. “You two must be here to play the piano,” she said smiling. When we nodded, she seemed pleased and told someone to get a microphone. “I’ll introduce you to the audience,” she said. She told us that she was always the one in charge of doing things like that. I asked her if I could introduce myself and she agreed. While we were waiting for the microphone, I pressed a key on the piano and it produced a beautiful sound. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150 左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。 Soon a man returned with a microphone. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ My nervousness disappeared as I began the song. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1—5 ACACB 6—10 BABCC 11—15 BCABC 16—20 BBACC 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$