精品解析：2024届河南省三门峡市高三下学期三模英语试题

★2024年4月26日 2023—2024学年度高三第三次大练习 英语 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有十秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．What is the woman going to do? A．Leave early. B．Make a speech. C．Join the discussion. 2．Which shirt will the man buy? A．The red one. B．The green one. C．The white one. 3．What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A．Strangers. B．Neighbors. C．Co workers. 4．What do you know about the man? A．He’s going to Mexico. B．He’s worried about the food. C．He’s been to the hotel before. 5．What will the woman probably do for the man? A．Clean the house. B．Carry the boxes. C．Cook the dishes. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。 6．Where is the man going? A．To a bank. B．To a shopping center. C．To a post office. 7．How will the man go? A．By bus. B．On foot. C．By car. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8．What does the man think of plastic skateboards? A．Cheap. B．Popular. C．Light. 9．What size skateboard is suitable for the man? A．20 cm B．18 cm. C．16 cm. 10．What do we know about the store? A．It sells posters. B．It’s closed on Friday. C．It offers free gloves this month. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11．Where does the conversation probably take place? A．At home B．On a phone. C．At the airport. 12．How long has Mary been waiting in Paris? A．Less than 4 hours. B．About 4 hours. C．Over 4 hours. 13．When did Mary arrive in London? A．At about 6: 00． B．At about 9: 00． C．At about 10: 00. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14．What is the man related to the woman? A．Her teacher. B．Her schoolmate. C．Her classmate. 15．What does the woman want to know first? A．The size of the dorm. B．The capacity of the room. C．The cost of the accommodation. 16．Which is included in $1,500? A．The water. B．The food. C．The tickets. 17．What does the woman like about the dorm? A．Its big size. B．Its cheap cost. C．Its 24-hour hot water. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18．Where did the speaker grow up? A．In New Zealand. B．In Australia. C．In England. 19．What was the speaker’s favorite subject at primary school? A．Music. B．Drawing. C．Mandarin Chinese. 20．How many new languages has the speaker been studying recently? A．Three. B．Six. C．Nine. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Explore ART X Lagos on Artsy 31 October-3 November 2024 ART X Lagos was launched as an active platform to show and support the breadth of contemporary art from Africa and beyond. The fair, begun in 2016 by Tokini Peterside-Schwebig, has become a cornerstone of the African art every year. The first of its kind in West Africa, ART X Lagos is a special cultural event that goes beyond the traditional art fair. The fair, which hosted over 40 artists and galleries from Africa and worldwide, bridges the gap between continent-based and foreign artists. ART X Lagos has become renowned for its ambitious program, which includes ART X Talks — a lively discussion series; ART X Live—a one-of-a-kind music show; ART X Cinema — a film theatre; and ART Books — a feast to the latest books on art. For its 2024 edition, the fair’s theme “The Dialogue” will place an emphasis in this unique year, on conversation and community, and will see audiences raising their voices on these present challenging times, not just for Nigeria, but on the continent and globally. “We decided to go ahead with this different format for ART X Lagos 2023 due to the current socioeconomic challenges Nigeria is facing, and to fulfill, at the same time, our desire to continue to support the ecosystem in a way that is responsible and sustainable,” said the fair’s founder, Tokini Peterside-Schwebig, in an email exchange, “We want people to take time to talk to each other and this is why we have placed our talks at the center of the fair — we are inviting our audiences to get deeply involved and encourage the act of dialogue, at this key time.” 1. Which is true about ART X Lagos? A. It lasts about a month. B. It is open only to African artists. C. It was the first exhibition in Africa. D. It’ll come to the ninth edition in 2024. 2. If a visitor intends to enjoy music performance, which can be recommended? A. ART X Talks. B. ART X Live. C. ART X Cinema. D. ART Books. 3. What will the ART X Lagos 2024 stress according to Tokini? A. Conservation. B. Economy. C. Entertainment. D. Communication. B Wandering around his spacious plantation in the hills outside Los Angeles, Luke has the swagger (阔步) of an actor who has made it in Hollywood. After six successful years in the movies he lives in an open-plan home with mountain views, a large swimming pool and staff who bring him steak or juice when required. A driver is on hand to take him into the city when he gets a call to shoot an ad or make a paid appearance at an event, for which he commands a fee equal to a week’s pay for a lowlier actor. Luke turns heads like few other artists. His agent’s only complaint is that, given half a chance, he might try to eat his co-stars. As a 500lb African lion, Luke has to deal with challenges not experienced by other actors. But lately, he and his human colleagues have found a common cause. Writers and actors in America have been on strike for half of 2023. One of the reasons for their bust-up with the studios was the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in film and television production. Writers worry that AI will soon create massive scripts, while actors fear that, as the technology improves the quality of computer-generated imagery (CGI), they may be replaced by digital stand-ins (替身). Well, at present, for most human actors, that is still an assumed worry. But for four-legged screen stars it is already a reality. Work for animal actors is drying up as computer graphics offer an easier-and, some argue, more humane-way to portray creatures on screen. As AI makes those special effects still more realistic and easier to produce, the replacement of real animals with digital ones is accelerating, in television and advertising as well as in high-end movies. As demand for animal actors declines, their owners and trainers are leaving the business. Luke and his colleague, Maasai, who lies dozing in a nearby place, are the last two working lions in Hollywood. 4. Which can describe Luke’s life shown in Paragraph l? A. Easy and comfortable. B. luxurious and fashionable. C. Risky and dangerous. D. Busy and efficient. 5. What does the underlined part “bust-up” (in para. 2) probably mean? A. Lack of confidence. B. Sympathy. C. Breakup. D. Harmonious relationship. 6. What does AI mean to human actors? A. A great tool. B. An urgent threat. C. A promising career. D. An imaginary fear. 7. What can be concluded from the passage? A. AI has limited influence on animal actors. B. Animal actors are to withdraw from the stage. C. Digital animals cost more than animal actors. D. The decline of animal actors harms the business. C “Oh, but it’s okay for you, you’re really confident”, a friend says. As a journalist, I’ve been to war zones, interviewed politicians, and delivered after-dinner speeches. But deep down, these occasions are a struggle. While I can make up a game face when needed, the common day-to-day situation can leave me uncomfortable. I’ll do anything to avoid making phone calls by booking online or ordering takeaways via apps. I’ve spent years longing for the day when those feelings disappear. That day may have come, thanks to a new book. When Viv Groskop decided on a career change from journalist to stand-up comedian, she knew she’d have to master confidence, so made it her business to understand it. Since then she’s analysed research, interviewed people, and is sharing everything she’s discovered in a new book, Happy High Status, which is published this month. So what is Happy High Status? The way you feel when everything’s great — the calm, easy confidence that comes with low pressure situations and happy moments. The opposite is how we feel in stressful situations, when? imposter syndrome, doubt about one’s own abilities despite achievements, is at an all-time high. “It’s how you are when you’re not questioning who you are. It’s just trying to bring that more relaxed, calm version of yourself,” explains Groskop. “You don’t need to think that when you have a physical reaction in a pressured situation, there is something wrong with you. The trick is to take away the emotional stories you tell yourself,” she explains. “Yet you have no training as to how to feel confident when you’re doing those things.” Her advice is to take a moment — put your phone down, empty your mind of its inner worry and try to get to the low pressure version of you. Perhaps everything I’ve worried about for so long is just part of being human, and being me, rather than some strange suffering. I’m not going to sweat it quite so much. I’m going to take a deep breath, channel the calmest, most relaxed version of me, and embrace my own Happy High Status.? 8. Which is the author’s true self in daily life? A. A confident person. B. A pessimistic person. C. A shy person. D. A sociable person. 9. What is the theme of the book Happy High Status? A. The way to get confidence. B. The importance of being brave. C. The way to pursue a happy life. D. The importance of changing jobs. 10. What can be known about people when they have high imposter syndrome? A. They are in high spirits. B. They believe in themselves. C. They question people around. D. They seem in difficult situations. 11. What is the suggestion from Groskop to deal with stress? A. Trying to stay eased. B. Avoiding physical reaction. C. Expecting less of ourselves. D. Listening to emotional stories. D At first glance, spinning might seem like a mere repetitive behavior, the kind that animals exhibit out of boredom. Yet, for apes, it is far from a boring pastime; rather, it is an activity rich with creativity and engagement, as they become fully absorbed in their motions. They would often lose their balance, only to get back up and restart their spinning, again and again. For apes, including humans, spinning transforms the world into a swirling feeling. The sensations it causes can disturb the vestibular system (前庭系统), which is responsible for detecting changes in movement, orientation, position, and the body’s speed. This can lead to feelings of dizziness, light-headedness, a sudden rush of blood to the head, and even a sense of pleasure or giggliness. It is perhaps for this reason that spinning is such a common feature in children’s play activities. Human children frequently engage in merry-go-rounds and other spinning rides at carnivals that send them swirl ing through the air. For individuals with autism, spinning serves as a form of self-stimulation. Researchers have drawn comparisons between the speeds at which apes spin ropes and the spinning rates seen in human pirouettes (单脚尖旋转) during ballet performances. The apes achieved an average spinning speed of 1.43 revolutions per second, with the fastest recorded at 3.3 turns per second. These are speeds that can create a physiological state of excitement in humans. Psychologist Marc Wittmann suggests that humans seek different mental states as a way to lose themselves. “In these different states, we become more present-focused, losing our sense of self and time,” he explains. “When we are present-oriented, without thinking about the past or future, we tend to feel much better.” Observing apes engage in spinning raises the interesting possibility that nonhuman primates (灵长目动物) might enjoy the sensation of spinning in ways similar to how humans alter their consciousness through drugs, alcohol, or physical activities. This highlights the subjective nature of experience and how different species may seek out varied sensory stimulations for enjoyment. 12. Which can describe apes’ spinning? A. A random act. B. An intended move. C. A meaningless repetition. D. An exhibition of boredom. 13. What effect may spinning have on the vestibular system? A. It reduces the sense of dizziness. B. It enhances the sense of balance. C. It destroys the sense of happiness. D. It upsets the sense of direction. 14. According to Marc Wittmann, why do humans turn to spinning? A To escape reality. B. To lose track of time. C To gain confidence. D. To increase self-awareness. 15. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A. To argue and persuade. B. To amuse and entertain. C. To present and analyze. D. To reason and conclude. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Few sights feel nostalgia (怀旧的) like the flickering glow of fireflies at night. But these insects are in trouble. In America, eighteen species of fireflies face extinction. ____16____ Here’s what you can do to ensure that fireflies will continue to light up our backyards for generations to come. Create a firefly habitat. The biggest threat facing fireflies today is the loss of their habitats. Fireflies mainly live underground or in moist (潮湿的) soil where they can feed on their favorite food earthworms. You can leave some woody bits and leaf litter around. You could also plant bush and trees and let your grass grow long. ____17____ Turn off your lights. The same glow that makes fireflies so remarkable also means harm? You can draw your curtains shut at night to prevent light from seeping out the window — and turn off the lights completely. ____18____ Although red light has long been considered okay for fireflies, that thinking is changing. Whenever possible, darkness is the answer. ____19____ Spraying (喷洒) your yard with pesticides and insecticides also poses a threat to fireflies. Most of the pesticides will kill fireflies just as swiftly as they kill ants and other less-beloved insects. Scientists are researching alternatives to chemical pesticides that could target specific species while leaving other insects unharmed. Practice good firefly tourism. Fireflies are so attractive that they’re now the main attraction at tourist sites across the world. ____20____ The reason is that it encourages an appreciation for fireflies while also disturbing their life cycles and habitats. If a firefly-watching destination has installed raised walkways to protect fireflies, don’t stray from it. A. What about colored lights? B. Research more on other insects. C. This can be a double-edged sword. D. Consider limitation on use of pesticides. E. Experts say their global species are endangered too. F. It will help soil keep the moisture that fireflies love. G. Firefly tourism’s important especially in poor countries. 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Jessica has an amazingly burning passion for sports. She isn’t your ____21____ grandmother. She was 88 years old when crossing the finish line at the 2023 Detroit Marathon, ____22____ the record for the oldest person to complete a marathon. Jessica from Hawaii, USA, stays in shape all year round by running six days a week, no matter the ____23____. Come rain or shine, she covered 36 miles every week, ____24____ when she’s on holiday. Actually the retired doctor didn’t take up running ____25____ she was 46 years old. “The Detroit Marathon is my favourite because they don’t close the ____26____ at a certain time which allows even the ____27____ runners to finish the race,” she said. “Fantastic registration and management make it a joy to participate in.” Jessica says she is happiest when she’s on the ____28____. She enjoys running for miles and ____29____ and saying hello to the people she ____30____. To stay in shape, Jessica, who runs year around, keeps a ____31____ training routine. “I train year-round but increase the mileage starting 18 weeks before a marathon,” she said. Her career as a physician allowed her to understand how her body and mind ____32____ to diet and exercise. “I see the direct connection between moving and ____33____,”she said. It is important to reduce stress rather than ____34____ it without a plan on how to do so in the long run.” Jessica intends to keep running marathons and would like to ____35____ the record titles for the oldest person to finish a half marathon (female) in two hours within the next year. 21. A. strict B. typical C. formal D. classical 22. A. bringing up B. setting up C. making up D. looking up 23. A. weather B. hurt C. altitude D. impression 24. A. still B. ever C. almost D. even 25. A. as B. when C. until D. after 26. A. entrance B. registration C. mission D. gate 27. A. cleverest B. oldest C. slowest D. bravest 28. A. road B. table C. board D. bicycle 29. A. singing B. dancing C. waving D. skipping 30. A. sponsors B. overlooks C. congratulates D. passes 31. A. heavy B. casual C. steady D. rigid 32. A. added B. contributed C. turned D. responded 33. A. virtue B. health C. efficiency D. achievement 34. A. ignoring B. improving C. defining D. updating 35. A. represent B. comprehend C. attempt D. assemble 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。 I came to Beijing to study Chinese art. ____36____ (live) here for about four years up to now, I have a better understanding of China’s northern food. Northern China experiences cold, and dry winters, and hot summers, making calories and salt replacement even ____37____ (important). A strong flavor means a lot for Northerners, who achieve this with salt and strong seasonings (佐料), compared with people in the South ____38____ preference is dishes lighter in flavor. Wheat is the main crop of Northern China, and you will find a variety of wheat-flour ____39____ (product). Rice is also eaten in the north, but it is definitely second ____40____ wheat. Dumplings served with vinegar for dipping are very popular in the north. Northerners tend to eat more meat and dairy, as the intake of calories, fat, and protein can ____41____ (strength) their bodies against the unbearable weather. Most meat dishes ____42____ (base) on mutton, pork, beef, chicken, and fish. Mutton is particularly used as the ingredient in the Northwest. ____43____ are less fresh vegetables available here because of the cold weather. Fruit is traditionally limited to a few hard seasonal varieties like apples, failing to play ____44____ unique role in the cuisine, although the northwest is famous for its well ____45____ (process) fruit puree (原浆). 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你校将举行一次消防演练（fire drill）。请写封邮件邀请学校的交换生Tom参加，内容包括：1．消防演练目的；2．演练主要内容。 注意： 1．写作词数应为80个左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Tom, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The six-year-old Lucy was the only child of her parents and they spoilt her totally. One day Lucy’s mother, Nitya Mehta, suddenly noticed that her daughter was not ready to share anything with her friends and that most children did not like to play with her daughter. Would Lucy be able to make good friends and learn to share things with them? She would soon know, for Lucy was now admitted to Class I in a proper school. Everyone in her class admitted that Lucy was very intelligent. But she had no friends until Rita joined her class. New to the city and too shy to make any friends, she did not mind being taken under Lucy’s wing. At least she had someone to play with. One day, the teacher scolded Rita for doing her sums without thinking. The little girl cried because the whole class had laughed at her. The teacher had patiently explained how to do the sums, but Rita was just not able to understand. Lucy told her mother about Rita crying in class. “Why don’t you try to explain to her simply,” asked her mother, “She likes you very much and if you teach her, she will understand.” “Mummy, I don’t have time to waste. What can I do if she is so silly?” said Lucy. Then she decided to tell Lucy a story of an ant and a dove. One day an ant fell into a stream. A dove picked a leaf and let it fall into the stream close to the ant. The ant climbed onto it. A little later, a birdcatcher came to throw a net over the unsuspecting dove. The ant knew what he was planning and stung him in the foot. The birdcatcher yelled out in pain and the noise made the dove fly away. “Did you understand the story, Lucy?” asked her mother, “It means that if you do a good turn, you will only get good in return.” To this Lucy said, “What a silly story, mummy. It is for little children, and I have grown big.” Having no other choices, Lucy’s mother decided to act tough. “If not, you can’t watch cartoons for a week,” said Lucy’s mother. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ In return, Rita hoped to present the true Lucy to her classmates. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1-5ACBCA 6-10CABCC 11-15BCABA 16-20ABBCA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ ★2024年4月26日 2023—2024学年度高三第三次大练习 英语 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有十秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．What is the woman going to do? A．Leave early. B．Make a speech. C．Join the discussion. 2．Which shirt will the man buy? A．The red one. B．The green one. C．The white one. 3．What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A．Strangers. B．Neighbors. C．Co workers. 4．What do you know about the man? A．He’s going to Mexico. B．He’s worried about the food. C．He’s been to the hotel before. 5．What will the woman probably do for the man? A．Clean the house. B．Carry the boxes. C．Cook the dishes. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。 6．Where is the man going? A．To a bank. B．To a shopping center. C．To a post office. 7．How will the man go? A．By bus. B．On foot. C．By car. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8．What does the man think of plastic skateboards? A．Cheap. B．Popular. C．Light. 9．What size skateboard is suitable for the man? A．20 cm. B．18 cm. C．16 cm. 10．What do we know about the store? A．It sells posters. B．It’s closed on Friday. C．It offers free gloves this month. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11．Where does the conversation probably take place? A．At home. B．On a phone. C．At the airport. 12．How long has Mary been waiting in Paris? A．Less than 4 hours. B．About 4 hours. C．Over 4 hours. 13．When did Mary arrive in London? A．At about 6: 00． B．At about 9: 00． C．At about 10: 00. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14．What is the man related to the woman? A．Her teacher. B．Her schoolmate. C．Her classmate. 15．What does the woman want to know first? A．The size of the dorm. B．The capacity of the room. C．The cost of the accommodation. 16．Which is included in $1,500? A．The water. B．The food. C．The tickets. 17．What does the woman like about the dorm? A．Its big size. B．Its cheap cost. C．Its 24-hour hot water. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18．Where did the speaker grow up? A．In New Zealand. B．In Australia. C．In England. 19．What was the speaker’s favorite subject at primary school? A．Music. B．Drawing. C．Mandarin Chinese. 20．How many new languages has the speaker been studying recently? A．Three. B．Six. C．Nine. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Explore ART X Lagos on Artsy 31 October-3 November 2024 ART X Lagos was launched as an active platform to show and support the breadth of contemporary art from Africa and beyond. The fair, begun in 2016 by Tokini Peterside-Schwebig, has become a cornerstone of the African art every year. The first of its kind in West Africa, ART X Lagos is a special cultural event that goes beyond the traditional art fair. The fair, which hosted over 40 artists and galleries from Africa and worldwide, bridges the gap between continent-based and foreign artists. ART X Lagos has become renowned for its ambitious program, which includes ART X Talks — a lively discussion series; ART X Live—a one-of-a-kind music show; ART X Cinema — a film theatre; and ART Books — a feast to the latest books on art. For its 2024 edition, the fair’s theme “The Dialogue” will place an emphasis in this unique year, on conversation and community, and will see audiences raising their voices on these present challenging times, not just for Nigeria, but on the continent and globally. “We decided to go ahead with this different format for ART X Lagos 2023 due to the current socioeconomic challenges Nigeria is facing, and to fulfill, at the same time, our desire to continue to support the ecosystem in a way that is responsible and sustainable,” said the fair’s founder, Tokini Peterside-Schwebig, in an email exchange, “We want people to take time to talk to each other and this is why we have placed our talks at the center of the fair — we are inviting our audiences to get deeply involved and encourage the act of dialogue, at this key time.” 1. Which is true about ART X Lagos? A. It lasts about a month. B. It is open only to African artists. C. It was the first exhibition in Africa. D. It’ll come to the ninth edition in 2024. 2. If a visitor intends to enjoy music performance, which can be recommended? A. ART X Talks. B. ART X Live. C. ART X Cinema. D. ART Books. 3. What will the ART X Lagos 2024 stress according to Tokini? A. Conservation. B. Economy. C. Entertainment. D. Communication. 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了ART X Lagos艺术展览活动的相关信息，包括其历史、特点、重要性和本年度的主题等。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“The fair, begun in 2016 by Tokini Peterside-Schwebig, has become a cornerstone of the African art every year.(该艺术节由Tokini Peterside-Schwebig于2016年创办，如今已成为每年非洲艺术的基石)”可知，ART X Lagos艺术节创办于2016年，每年举办一次，所以到2024年，应是第九届。故选D项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“ART X Lagos has become renowned for its ambitious program, which includes ART X Talks —a lively discussion series; ART X Live—a one-of-a-kind music show; ART X Cinema—a film theatre; and ART Books—a feast to the latest books on art.(ART X Lagos因其雄心勃勃的项目而闻名，其中包括ART X Talks（一系列生动的讨论）、ART X Live（独一无二的音乐表演）、ART X Cinema（电影剧场）和ART Books（最新艺术书籍的盛宴）)”可知，如果游客想欣赏音乐表演，可以推荐ART X Live。故选B项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“For its 2024 edition, the fair’s theme “The Dialogue” will place an emphasis in this unique year, on conversation and community, and will see audiences raising their voices on these present challenging times, not just for Nigeria, but on the continent and globally.(在2024年的艺术节上，主题“对话”将强调这一独特年份中的交流与社群，观众将围绕当前充满挑战的时代发出自己的声音，这不仅关乎尼日利亚，而且关乎整个非洲大陆乃至全球)”可知，根据Tokini的说法，2024年ART X Lagos将强调交流。故选D项。 B Wandering around his spacious plantation in the hills outside Los Angeles, Luke has the swagger (阔步) of an actor who has made it in Hollywood. After six successful years in the movies he lives in an open-plan home with mountain views, a large swimming pool and staff who bring him steak or juice when required. A driver is on hand to take him into the city when he gets a call to shoot an ad or make a paid appearance at an event, for which he commands a fee equal to a week’s pay for a lowlier actor. Luke turns heads like few other artists. His agent’s only complaint is that, given half a chance, he might try to eat his co-stars. As a 500lb African lion, Luke has to deal with challenges not experienced by other actors. But lately, he and his human colleagues have found a common cause. Writers and actors in America have been on strike for half of 2023. One of the reasons for their bust-up with the studios was the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in film and television production. Writers worry that AI will soon create massive scripts, while actors fear that, as the technology improves the quality of computer-generated imagery (CGI), they may be replaced by digital stand-ins (替身). Well, at present, for most human actors, that is still an assumed worry. But for four-legged screen stars it is already a reality. Work for animal actors is drying up as computer graphics offer an easier-and, some argue, more humane-way to portray creatures on screen. As AI makes those special effects still more realistic and easier to produce, the replacement of real animals with digital ones is accelerating, in television and advertising as well as in high-end movies. As demand for animal actors declines, their owners and trainers are leaving the business. Luke and his colleague, Maasai, who lies dozing in a nearby place, are the last two working lions in Hollywood. 4. Which can describe Luke’s life shown in Paragraph l? A Easy and comfortable. B. luxurious and fashionable. C. Risky and dangerous. D. Busy and efficient. 5. What does the underlined part “bust-up” (in para. 2) probably mean? A. Lack of confidence. B. Sympathy. C. Breakup. D. Harmonious relationship. 6. What does AI mean to human actors? A. A great tool. B. An urgent threat. C. A promising career. D. An imaginary fear. 7. What can be concluded from the passage? A. AI has limited influence on animal actors. B. Animal actors are to withdraw from the stage. C. Digital animals cost more than animal actors. D. The decline of animal actors harms the business. 【答案】4. A 5. C 6. D 7. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲动物演员由于人工智能，即将要退出舞台。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。由文章第一段中的“After six successful years in the movies he lives in an open-plan home with mountain views, a large swimming pool and staff who bring him steak or juice when required. A driver is on hand to take him into the city when he gets a call to shoot an ad or make a paid appearance at an event, for which he commands a fee equal to a week’s pay for a lowlier actor. Luke turns heads like few other artists. (在成功拍摄电影六年后，他住在一个开放式的家里，可以欣赏山景，有一个大型游泳池，工作人员会在需要时给他送牛排或果汁。当他接到拍摄广告或在活动中付费亮相的电话时，司机会带他进城，为此他收取的费用相当于一个低收入演员一周的工资。 Luke像其他艺术家一样引人注目。)”可推知， Luke过着轻松舒适的生活。故选A项。 【5题详解】 词句猜测题。由文章第二段“Writers and actors in America have been on strike for half of 2023. One of the reasons for their bust-up with the studios was the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in film and television production. Writers worry that AI will soon create massive scripts, while actors fear that, as the technology improves the quality of computer-generated imagery (CGI), they may be replaced by digital stand-ins(替身).(2023年的一半时间里，美国的作家和演员一直在罢工。他们与制片公司 的原因之一是在电影和电视制作中使用了人工智能。作家们担心人工智能很快就会创造出大量的剧本，而演员们则担心，随着这项技术提高了计算机生成图像（CGI）的质量，他们可能会被数字替身所取代)”可知，演员们担心人工智能代替他们，与制片公司“决裂”。所以猜测 bust-up表“决裂”的意思。故选C项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第三段“Well, at present, for most human actors, that is still an assumed worry. (目前，对于大多数人类演员来说，这仍然是一个假定的担忧。)”可知，AI意味着对人类演员来说是想象中的恐惧。故选D项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。由文章最后一段“As demand for animal actors declines, their owners and trainers are leaving the business. Luke and his colleague, Maasai, who lies dozing in a nearby place, are the last two working lions in Hollywood.(随着对动物演员的需求下降，他们的主人和驯兽师正在离开这家公司。卢克和他的同事马赛躺在附近的一个地方打瞌睡，他们是好莱坞最后两只工作的狮子。)”以及上文可推知，动物演员即将要退出舞台。故选B项。 C “Oh, but it’s okay for you, you’re really confident”, a friend says. As a journalist, I’ve been to war zones, interviewed politicians, and delivered after-dinner speeches. But deep down, these occasions are a struggle. While I can make up a game face when needed, the common day-to-day situation can leave me uncomfortable. I’ll do anything to avoid making phone calls by booking online or ordering takeaways via apps. I’ve spent years longing for the day when those feelings disappear. That day may have come, thanks to a new book. When Viv Groskop decided on a career change from journalist to stand-up comedian, she knew she’d have to master confidence, so made it her business to understand it. Since then she’s analysed research, interviewed people, and is sharing everything she’s discovered in a new book, Happy High Status, which is published this month. So what is Happy High Status? The way you feel when everything’s great — the calm, easy confidence that comes with low pressure situations and happy moments. The opposite is how we feel in stressful situations, when? imposter syndrome, doubt about one’s own abilities despite achievements, is at an all-time high. “It’s how you are when you’re not questioning who you are. It’s just trying to bring that more relaxed, calm version of yourself,” explains Groskop. “You don’t need to think that when you have a physical reaction in a pressured situation, there is something wrong with you. The trick is to take away the emotional stories you tell yourself,” she explains. “Yet you have no training as to how to feel confident when you’re doing those things.” Her advice is to take a moment — put your phone down, empty your mind of its inner worry and try to get to the low pressure version of you. Perhaps everything I’ve worried about for so long is just part of being human, and being me, rather than some strange suffering. I’m not going to sweat it quite so much. I’m going to take a deep breath, channel the calmest, most relaxed version of me, and embrace my own Happy High Status.? 8. Which is the author’s true self in daily life? A. A confident person. B. A pessimistic person. C. A shy person. D. A sociable person. 9. What is the theme of the book Happy High Status? A. The way to get confidence. B. The importance of being brave. C. The way to pursue a happy life. D. The importance of changing jobs. 10. What can be known about people when they have high imposter syndrome? A. They are in high spirits. B. They believe in themselves. C. They question people around. D. They seem in difficult situations. 11. What is the suggestion from Groskop to deal with stress? A. Trying to stay eased. B. Avoiding physical reaction. C. Expecting less of ourselves. D. Listening to emotional stories. 【答案】8. C 9. A 10. D 11. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。这篇文章探讨了作者自身对于自信心的挣扎与追求，同时也介绍了一本新书对于这一问题的探讨。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“As a journalist, I’ve been to war zones, interviewed politicians, and delivered after-dinner speeches. But deep down, these occasions are a struggle. While I can make up a game face when needed, the common day-to-day situation can leave me uncomfortable. I’ll do anything to avoid making phone calls by booking online or ordering takeaways via apps.(作为一名记者，我去过战区，采访过政治家，在餐后发表过演讲。但在内心深处，这些场合是一种挣扎。虽然我可以在需要的时候扮出一张游戏脸，但日常生活中常见的情况会让我感到不舒服。我会通过网上预订或通过应用程序订购外卖来避免打电话)”可知，作者虽然表现的自信，但是其实不喜欢公众场合，推知，他是一个害羞的人。故选C项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“When Viv Groskop decided on a career change from journalist to stand-up comedian, she knew she’d have to master confidence, so made it her business to understand it. Since then she’s analysed research, interviewed people, and is sharing everything she’s discovered in a new book, Happy High Status, which is published this month.(当维维·格罗斯科普决定从记者转行成为单口喜剧演员时，她知道自己必须掌握自信，因此她下功夫去理解它。从那时起，她就开始分析调查，采访人们，并在本月出版的新书Happy High Status中分享了她所发现的一切)”可知，Happy High Status主要讲述了获得自信的方法。故选A项。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“The opposite is how we feel in stressful situations, when? imposter syndrome, doubt about one’s own abilities despite achievements, is at an all-time high. “It’s how you are when you’re not questioning who you are. It’s just trying to bring that more relaxed, calm version of yourself,” explains Groskop.(相反，我们在压力大的时候会有一种imposter syndrome，即尽管取得了一些成就，但还是会怀疑自己的能力。“这就是当你不再质疑自己是谁时的状态。它只是试图让你自己更放松、更平静，” 格罗斯科普解释道)”可知，imposter syndrome是在压力大的时候出现的，所以对于患有high imposter syndrome的人，他们似乎处境艰难。故选D项。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Her advice is to take a moment—put your phone down, empty your mind of its inner worry and try to get to the low pressure version of you.(她的建议是花一点时间——放下手机，清空内心的忧虑，试着回到低压力的自己)”可知，Groskop对应对压力的建议是试着保持放松。故选A项。 D At first glance, spinning might seem like a mere repetitive behavior, the kind that animals exhibit out of boredom. Yet, for apes, it is far from a boring pastime; rather, it is an activity rich with creativity and engagement, as they become fully absorbed in their motions. They would often lose their balance, only to get back up and restart their spinning, again and again. For apes, including humans, spinning transforms the world into a swirling feeling. The sensations it causes can disturb the vestibular system (前庭系统), which is responsible for detecting changes in movement, orientation, position, and the body’s speed. This can lead to feelings of dizziness, light-headedness, a sudden rush of blood to the head, and even a sense of pleasure or giggliness. It is perhaps for this reason that spinning is such a common feature in children’s play activities. Human children frequently engage in merry-go-rounds, and other spinning rides at carnivals that send them swirl ing through the air. For individuals with autism, spinning serves as a form of self-stimulation. Researchers have drawn comparisons between the speeds at which apes spin ropes and the spinning rates seen in human pirouettes (单脚尖旋转) during ballet performances. The apes achieved an average spinning speed of 1.43 revolutions per second, with the fastest recorded at 3.3 turns per second. These are speeds that can create a physiological state of excitement in humans. Psychologist Marc Wittmann suggests that humans seek different mental states as a way to lose themselves. “In these different states, we become more present-focused, losing our sense of self and time,” he explains. “When we are present-oriented, without thinking about the past or future, we tend to feel much better.” Observing apes engage in spinning raises the interesting possibility that nonhuman primates (灵长目动物) might enjoy the sensation of spinning in ways similar to how humans alter their consciousness through drugs, alcohol, or physical activities. This highlights the subjective nature of experience and how different species may seek out varied sensory stimulations for enjoyment. 12. Which can describe apes’ spinning? A. A random act. B. An intended move. C. A meaningless repetition. D. An exhibition of boredom. 13. What effect may spinning have on the vestibular system? A. It reduces the sense of dizziness. B. It enhances the sense of balance. C. It destroys the sense of happiness. D. It upsets the sense of direction. 14. According to Marc Wittmann, why do humans turn to spinning? A. To escape reality. B. To lose track of time. C. To gain confidence. D. To increase self-awareness. 15. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A. To argue and persuade. B. To amuse and entertain. C. To present and analyze. D. To reason and conclude. 【答案】12. B 13. D 14. B 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。文章通过探讨类人猿（包括人类）旋转行为背后的原因和意义，揭示了这种行为所带来的感官刺激和愉悦感，以及不同物种如何寻求不同的感官刺激来获得享受。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“At first glance, spinning might seem like a mere repetitive behavior, the kind that animals exhibit out of boredom. Yet, for apes, it is far from a boring pastime; rather, it is an activity rich with creativity and engagement, as they become fully absorbed in their motions.(乍一看，旋转似乎只是一种重复的行为，是动物出于无聊而表现出来的行为。然而，对于猿类来说，这绝不是一种无聊的消遣；相反，这是一项富有创造力和参与性的活动，因为他们完全沉浸在自己的运动中)”可知，猿的旋转是一项富有创造力和参与性的活动，所以是有意的举动。故选B项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“For apes, including humans, spinning transforms the world into a swirling feeling. The sensations it causes can disturb the vestibular system (前庭系统), which is responsible for detecting changes in movement, orientation, position, and the body’s speed.(对于包括人类在内的猿类来说，旋转会把世界变成一种旋转的感觉。它引起的感觉会干扰前庭系统，该系统负责检测运动、方向、位置和身体速度的变化)”可知，旋转会干扰前庭系统，导致扰乱了方向感。故选D项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Psychologist Marc Wittmann suggests that humans seek different mental states as a way to lose themselves. “In these different states, we become more present-focused, losing our sense of self and time,” he explains. “When we are present-oriented, without thinking about the past or future, we tend to feel much better.”(心理学家Marc Wittmann认为，人类寻求不同精神状态是一种迷失自我的方式。“在这些不同的状态下，我们变得更加关注当下，失去了自我和时间的感觉，”他解释说。“当我们以现在为导向，不去想过去或未来时，我们往往会感觉好得多。”)”可知，根据Marc Wittmann的说法，旋转可以让人忘记时间。故选B项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Observing apes engage in spinning raises the interesting possibility that nonhuman primates (灵长目动物) might enjoy the sensation of spinning in ways similar to how humans alter their consciousness through drugs, alcohol, or physical activities. This highlights the subjective nature of experience and how different species may seek out varied sensory stimulations for enjoyment.(观察类人猿的纺纱行为提出了一种有趣的可能性，即非人类灵长类动物可能喜欢纺纱的感觉，就像人类通过药物、酒精或体育活动改变自己的意识一样。这突出了体验的主观性，以及不同的物种如何寻求不同的感官刺激来享受)”以及纵观全文可知，本段主要通过探讨类人猿（包括人类）旋转行为背后的原因和意义，揭示了这种行为所带来的感官刺激和愉悦感，所以主要是展示和分析。故选C项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Few sights feel nostalgia (怀旧的) like the flickering glow of fireflies at night. But these insects are in trouble. In America, eighteen species of fireflies face extinction. ____16____ Here’s what you can do to ensure that fireflies will continue to light up our backyards for generations to come. Create a firefly habitat. The biggest threat facing fireflies today is the loss of their habitats. Fireflies mainly live underground or in moist (潮湿的) soil where they can feed on their favorite food earthworms. You can leave some woody bits and leaf litter around. You could also plant bush and trees and let your grass grow long. ____17____ Turn off your lights. The same glow that makes fireflies so remarkable also means harm? You can draw your curtains shut at night to prevent light from seeping out the window — and turn off the lights completely. ____18____ Although red light has long been considered okay for fireflies, that thinking is changing. Whenever possible, darkness is the answer. ____19____ Spraying (喷洒) your yard with pesticides and insecticides also poses a threat to fireflies. Most of the pesticides will kill fireflies just as swiftly as they kill ants and other less-beloved insects. Scientists are researching alternatives to chemical pesticides that could target specific species while leaving other insects unharmed. Practice good firefly tourism. Fireflies are so attractive that they’re now the main attraction at tourist sites across the world. ____20____ The reason is that it encourages an appreciation for fireflies while also disturbing their life cycles and habitats. If a firefly-watching destination has installed raised walkways to protect fireflies, don’t stray from it. A. What about colored lights? B. Research more on other insects. C. This can be a double-edged sword. D. Consider limitation on use of pesticides. E. Experts say their global species are endangered too. F. It will help soil keep the moisture that fireflies love. G. Firefly tourism’s important especially in poor countries. 【答案】16. E 17. F 18. A 19. D 20. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。萤火虫物种正在濒临灭绝，文章推荐了一些保护萤火虫的方法和策略。 【16题详解】 根据前文“Few sights feel nostalgia (怀旧的) like the flickering glow of fireflies at night. But these insects are in trouble. In America, eighteen species of fireflies face extinction. (很少有景点能像夜晚萤火虫闪烁的光芒那样让人怀旧。但是这些昆虫有麻烦了。在美国，18种萤火虫面临灭绝。)”可知，此处是讲萤火虫濒临灭绝，所以选项E“专家表示，它们的全球物种也濒临灭绝。”切合文意。故选E。 【17题详解】 根据前文“Create a firefly habitat. The biggest threat facing fireflies today is the loss of their habitats. Fireflies mainly live underground or in moist (潮湿的) soil where they can feed on their favorite food earthworms. You can leave some woody bits and leaf litter around. You could also plant bush and trees and let your grass grow long. (创造一个萤火虫栖息地。如今萤火虫面临的最大威胁是栖息地的丧失。萤火虫主要生活在地下或潮湿的土壤中，在那里它们可以吃它们最喜欢的食物蚯蚓。你可以在周围留下一些木屑和落叶。你也可以种植灌木和树木，让你的草长得很长。)”可知，此处是指创造萤火虫喜欢的栖息地，所以选项F“它会帮助土壤保持萤火虫喜欢的水分。”切合文意。故选F。 【18题详解】 根据后文“Although red light has long been considered okay for fireflies, that thinking is changing. (虽然长期以来人们认为红光对萤火虫友好，但这种想法正在改变。)”可知，此处是讲彩色的灯是否可以，所以选项A“彩色的灯呢？”切合文意。故选A。 【19题详解】 根据后文“Spraying (喷洒) your yard with pesticides and insecticides also poses a threat to fireflies. (在院子里喷洒农药和杀虫剂也会对萤火虫造成威胁。)”可知，此处是讲农药和杀虫剂对萤火虫的危害，所以选项D“考虑限制农药的使用。”切合文意。故选D。 【20题详解】 根据后文“The reason is that it encourages an appreciation for fireflies while also disturbing their life cycles and habitats. (原因是它鼓励人们欣赏萤火虫，同时也扰乱了它们生命周期和栖息地。)”和前文“Practice good firefly tourism. Fireflies are so attractive that they’re now the main attraction at tourist sites across the world. (实践良好的萤火虫旅游。萤火虫非常吸引人，它们现在是世界各地旅游景点的主要胜地。)”可知，此处是讲萤火虫旅游是一把双刃剑，所以选项C“这可能是一把双刃剑。”切合文意。故选C。 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Jessica has an amazingly burning passion for sports. She isn’t your ____21____ grandmother. She was 88 years old when crossing the finish line at the 2023 Detroit Marathon, ____22____ the record for the oldest person to complete a marathon. Jessica from Hawaii, USA, stays in shape all year round by running six days a week, no matter the ____23____. Come rain or shine, she covered 36 miles every week, ____24____ when she’s on holiday. Actually the retired doctor didn’t take up running ____25____ she was 46 years old. “The Detroit Marathon is my favourite because they don’t close the ____26____ at a certain time which allows even the ____27____ runners to finish the race,” she said. “Fantastic registration and management make it a joy to participate in.” Jessica says she is happiest when she’s on the ____28____. She enjoys running for miles and ____29____ and saying hello to the people she ____30____. To stay in shape, Jessica, who runs year around, keeps a ____31____ training routine. “I train year-round but increase the mileage starting 18 weeks before a marathon,” she said. Her career as a physician allowed her to understand how her body and mind ____32____ to diet and exercise. “I see the direct connection between moving and ____33____,”she said. It is important to reduce stress rather than ____34____ it without a plan on how to do so in the long run.” Jessica intends to keep running marathons and would like to ____35____ the record titles for the oldest person to finish a half marathon (female) in two hours within the next year. 21. A. strict B. typical C. formal D. classical 22. A. bringing up B. setting up C. making up D. looking up 23. A. weather B. hurt C. altitude D. impression 24. A. still B. ever C. almost D. even 25. A. as B. when C. until D. after 26. A. entrance B. registration C. mission D. gate 27. A. cleverest B. oldest C. slowest D. bravest 28. A. road B. table C. board D. bicycle 29. A. singing B. dancing C. waving D. skipping 30. A. sponsors B. overlooks C. congratulates D. passes 31. A. heavy B. casual C. steady D. rigid 32. A. added B. contributed C. turned D. responded 33. A. virtue B. health C. efficiency D. achievement 34. A. ignoring B. improving C. defining D. updating 35. A. represent B. comprehend C. attempt D. assemble 【答案】21. B 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. C 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍马拉松比赛年龄最大保持者Jessica。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她不是你平常的祖母。A. strict严格的；B. typical典型的；平常的；C. formal正式的；D. classical古典的。由下文“She was 88 years old when crossing the finish line at the 2023 Detroit Marathon”可知，她并不是一个“平常的”祖母，而是一位特殊的马拉松爱好者。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词组辨析。句意：她在2023年底特律马拉松比赛中冲过终点时已经88岁了，创造了完成马拉松比赛年龄最大的人的纪录。A. bringing up抚养；B. setting up建立，创造；C. making up组成；D. looking up查询。由下文“the record for the oldest person to complete a marathon”可知，这里指Jessica“创造”了完成马拉松比赛年龄最大的人的纪录。故选B项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：来自美国夏威夷的Jessica，无论天气如何，她都每周跑步六天，全年保持身材。A. weather天气；B. hurt伤害；C. altitude海拔；D. impression印象。由上文“running six days a week”可知，这里指Jessica无论什么“天气”，每周都坚持六天跑步。故选A项。 【24题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：无论晴雨，她每周都要走36英里，即使是在度假的时候。A. still仍然；B. ever曾经；C. almost几乎；D. even甚至。由下文“when she’s on holiday”可知，这里指“甚至”在假期，Jessica也坚持一周跑步六天。故选D项。 【25题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：事实上，这位退休医生直到46岁才开始跑步。A. as随着；B. when当；C. until直到；D. after在……之后。由下文“she was 46 years old”以及语境可知，这里指“直到”46岁时，Jessica才开始跑步。故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：底特律马拉松是我的最爱，因为他们不会在特定时间关闭大门，即使是跑得最慢的选手也能完成比赛。A. entrance入口；B. registration注册；C. mission任务；D. gate大门。由下文 “the 　7　　runners to finish the race”可知，由于不会在一定时间关闭马拉松终点的“门”，所以大家都可以完成比赛。故选D项。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：底特律马拉松是我的最爱，因为他们不会在特定时间关闭大门，即使是跑得最慢的选手也能完成比赛。A. cleverest最聪明的；B. oldest最古老的；C. slowest最慢的；D. bravest最勇敢的。由上文“they don’t close the 6 at a certain time”可知，由于他们不会在一定时间关闭马拉松终点的门，所以“最慢”参跑人都可以完成比赛。故选C项。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Jessica说她在路上最开心。A. road路；B. table桌子；C. board板；D. bicycle自行车。由下文“She enjoys running for miles”可知，这里指Jessica很享受在“路”上跑步的经历。故选A项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她喜欢跑数英里，向经过的人挥手问好。A. singing唱歌；B. dancing跳舞；C. waving挥舞，挥手；D. skipping跳过。由下文“saying hello to the people ”可知，这里指“挥手”向路人问好。故选C项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她喜欢跑数英里，向经过的人挥手问好。A. sponsors赞助；B. overlooks忽视；C. congratulates祝贺；D. passes通过，经过。由上文“saying hello to the people”可知，这里指向“经过”的人挥手问好。故选D项。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：为了保持身材，常年跑步的Jessica保持着稳定的训练习惯。A. heavy重的；B. casual随意的；C. steady稳定的；D. rigid固执的。由下文“I train year-round”可知，这里指Jessica保持着“稳定的”训练习惯。故选C项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的医生生涯使她了解了自己的身体和思想对饮食和锻炼的反应。A. added.添加；B. contributed贡献；C. turned转向；D. responded响应，作出的反应。由上文“Her career as a physician”以及语境可知，这里指她的医生经历让她了解身体和思想对饮食和锻炼“作出的反应”。故选D项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我看到了运动和健康之间的直接联系。A. virtue美德；B. health健康；C. efficiency效率；D. achievement成就。由上文“how her body and mind 12 to diet and exercise”可知，这里指运动和“健康”之间的联系。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：重要的是要减轻压力，而不是在没有计划如何长期减轻压力的情况下忽视压力。 A. ignoring忽略；B. improving提高；C. defining定义；D. updating更新。由上文“reduce stress”以及语境可知，这里指要减少压力而不是“忽略”压力。故选A项。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Jessica打算继续跑马拉松，并希望在明年内创造最年长的人在两小时内完成半程马拉松（女性）的纪录。A. represent代表；B. comprehend理解；C. attempt尝试；D. assemble集合。由下文“the record titles”以及语境可知，这里指Jessica打算继续跑马拉松，并“尝试”再创造记录。故选C项。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。 I came to Beijing to study Chinese art. ____36____ (live) here for about four years up to now, I have a better understanding of China’s northern food. Northern China experiences cold, and dry winters, and hot summers, making calories and salt replacement even ____37____ (important). A strong flavor means a lot for Northerners, who achieve this with salt and strong seasonings (佐料), compared with people in the South ____38____ preference is dishes lighter in flavor. Wheat is the main crop of Northern China, and you will find a variety of wheat-flour ____39____ (product). Rice is also eaten in the north, but it is definitely second ____40____ wheat. Dumplings served with vinegar for dipping are very popular in the north. Northerners tend to eat more meat and dairy, as the intake of calories, fat, and protein can ____41____ (strength) their bodies against the unbearable weather. Most meat dishes ____42____ (base) on mutton, pork, beef, chicken, and fish. Mutton is particularly used as the ingredient in the Northwest. ____43____ are less fresh vegetables available here because of the cold weather. Fruit is traditionally limited to a few hard seasonal varieties like apples, failing to play ____44____ unique role in the cuisine, although the northwest is famous for its well ____45____ (process) fruit puree (原浆). 【答案】36. Having lived 37. more important 38. whose 39. products 40. to 41. strengthen 42. are based 43. There 44. a 45. processed 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了中国北方的食物特点以及与南方食物的对比，同时解释了由于北方气候的特点，北方人在食物口味、食材选择等方面的偏好。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：到目前为止，我在这里生活了大约四年，对中国的北方食物有了更好的了解。本句已有谓语动词have，所以live用非谓语形式，和逻辑主语I之间是主动关系，用现在分词形式，再根据时间状语up to now可知，非谓语的动作发生在谓语之前，应用现在分词的完成式。位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Having lived。 【37题详解】 考查形容词。句意：中国北方经历了寒冷干燥的冬天和炎热的夏天，使得热量和盐的补充变得更加重要。此处是固定搭配：make sth. adj.意为“使某物处于某种状态”，所以空处应填形容词作宾语补足语，结合句意和even，此处表达“更加重要”之意，用比较级。故填more important。 【38题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：浓烈的味道对北方人来说意义重大，他们用盐和浓烈的调味料来实现这一点，而南方人则喜欢清淡的菜肴。空处引导定语从句，先行词是people in the South，在从句中作定语，用whose引导。故填whose。 【39题详解】 考查名词。句意：小麦是中国北方主要作物，你会发现各种各样的面食。空处应填名词作宾语，product意为“产品”，为可数名词，根据a variety of可知，用复数形式。故填products。 【40题详解】 考查介词。句意：北方人也吃大米，但它绝对是仅次于小麦的。此处是固定搭配：second to意为“仅次于”。故填to。 【41题详解】 考查动词。句意：北方人倾向于多吃肉类和奶制品，因为热量、脂肪和蛋白质的摄入可以增强他们的身体，抵御难以忍受的天气。空前是情态动词，后需接动词原形作谓语，strength的动词形式是strengthen。故填strengthen。 【42题详解】 考查固定搭配。句意：大多数肉类菜肴都是基于羊肉、猪肉、牛肉、鸡肉和鱼。此处是固定搭配：be based on意为“基于，以……为基础”，描述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，主语是Most meat dishes，为复数。故填are based。 【43题详解】 考查固定句型。句意：由于天气寒冷，这里的新鲜蔬菜少了。根据句意，此处表达“有”之意，用there be句型，位于句首，首字母应大写。故填There。 【44题详解】 考查冠词。句意：传统上，水果仅限于苹果等几个硬实的应季品种，在菜肴中没有发挥独特的作用，尽管西北地区以加工精良的水果原浆而闻名。此处考查固定搭配：play a role in意为“起作用于”，unique为辅音音素开头，用a。故填a。 【45题详解】 考查形容词。句意：传统上，水果仅限于苹果等几个硬实的应季品种，在菜肴中没有发挥独特的作用，尽管西北地区以加工精良的水果原浆而闻名。空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词，process的形容词形式是processed意为“（食品）经过特殊加工的”。故填processed。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你校将举行一次消防演练（fire drill）。请写封邮件邀请学校交换生Tom参加，内容包括：1．消防演练目的；2．演练主要内容。 注意： 1．写作词数应为80个左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Tom, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Tom, So significant and meaningful is the fire drill to be launched in our school that I can’t wait to write to you, hoping that you can join in it. It is scheduled with the purpose of raising everyone’s awareness of fire safety and equipping everyone with necessary skills to put out or escape from a fire when facing it. The fire drill will be held on the playground, lasting from 3:00 p. m. to 4:30 p. m. , and it includes students’ escape from a simulated fire, a chance for students to practise using fire extinguishers guided by firefighters, and a tour around the school to detect fire risks. Looking forward to your reply soon. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写封邮件邀请学校的交换生Tom参加你校将举行一次消防演练，内容包括：消防演练目的和演练主要内容。 【详解】1.词汇积累 重要的： significant→crucial 目的：purpose→aim 包括：include→contain 机会：chance→opportunity 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：It is scheduled with the purpose of raising everyone’s awareness of fire safety and equipping everyone with necessary skills to put out or escape from a fire when facing it. 拓展句：It is scheduled with the purpose of raising everyone’s awareness of fire safety and equipping everyone with necessary skills to put out or escape from a fire when he or she is facing it. 【点睛】【高分句型1】So significant and meaningful is the fire drill to be launched in our school that I can’t wait to write to you, hoping that you can join in it. （运用so...that引导的结果状语从句和倒装结构） 【高分句型2】The fire drill will be held on the playground, lasting from 3:00 p. m. to 4:30 p. m. , and it includes students’ escape from a simulated fire, a chance for students to practise using fire extinguishers guided by firefighters, and a tour around the school to detect fire risks.（运用了现在分词作状语） 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The six-year-old Lucy was the only child of her parents and they spoilt her totally. One day Lucy’s mother, Nitya Mehta, suddenly noticed that her daughter was not ready to share anything with her friends and that most children did not like to play with her daughter. Would Lucy be able to make good friends and learn to share things with them? She would soon know, for Lucy was now admitted to Class I in a proper school. Everyone in her class admitted that Lucy was very intelligent. But she had no friends until Rita joined her class. New to the city and too shy to make any friends, she did not mind being taken under Lucy’s wing. At least she had someone to play with. One day, the teacher scolded Rita for doing her sums without thinking. The little girl cried because the whole class had laughed at her. The teacher had patiently explained how to do the sums, but Rita was just not able to understand. Lucy told her mother about Rita crying in class. “Why don’t you try to explain to her simply,” asked her mother, “She likes you very much and if you teach her, she will understand.” “Mummy, I don’t have time to waste. What can I do if she is so silly?” said Lucy. Then she decided to tell Lucy a story of an ant and a dove. One day an ant fell into a stream. A dove picked a leaf and let it fall into the stream close to the ant. The ant climbed onto it. A little later, a birdcatcher came to throw a net over the unsuspecting dove. The ant knew what he was planning and stung him in the foot. The birdcatcher yelled out in pain and the noise made the dove fly away. “Did you understand the story, Lucy?” asked her mother, “It means that if you do a good turn, you will only get good in return.” To this Lucy said, “What a silly story, mummy. It is for little children, and I have grown big.” Having no other choices, Lucy’s mother decided to act tough. “If not, you can’t watch cartoons for a week,” said Lucy’s mother. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ In return, Rita hoped to present the true Lucy to her classmates. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 “If not, you can’t watch cartoons for a week,” said Lucy’s mother. Lucy had no alternative but to set out to help Rita. However, gradually Lucy showed her friendly and patient quality, who spent much time teaching Rita over and again. To everyone’s great surprise, Rita understood the sums, for Lucy knew the trick of explaining simply and logically. The teacher was pleased that Rita had finally made it and praised her in front of the class, who received thunderous applause from her classmates. Experiencing such an extraordinary success, Rita could hardly contain her excitement and as Lucy’s best friend, she found a new amazing Lucy, and she understood that Lucy was credited with all she had received. In return, Rita hoped to present the true Lucy to her classmates. Knowing most classmates had some misunderstanding with Lucy, Rita turned to the teacher for a special chance. The teacher’s permission given, Rita marched to the front of the classroom and began a prepared speech, in which she explained how she managed to master the sums and how warm-hearted, straightforward and helpful Lucy was. She finally appealed honestly and earnestly to everyone to appreciate the heart of gold hidden beneath Lucy’s bossy or cold mask. No sooner had Rita finished the speech than many students cheered up and hugged Rita and Lucy tightly, after which Lucy became one of the most popular students in the class. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了六岁的露西是家中独女，被溺爱而不愿分享。入读小学后，她遇到新同学丽塔。丽塔因数学被同学嘲笑而哭泣，露西妈妈建议露西帮助她，但露西拒绝。妈妈用寓言教导露西，露西却嗤之以鼻，妈妈决定采取强硬措施。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“露西的母亲说：“如果没有，你一周都不能看动画片。””可知，第一段可描写作露西迫于无奈的情况下开始给同学丽塔辅导算术，帮助她成功理解算术。 ②由第二段首句内容“作为回报，丽塔希望把真实的露西呈现给她的同学。”可知，第二段可描写作丽塔用自己的例子让同学们认识到露西宝贵的品质。 2.续写线索：辅导丽塔——取得成功——感谢——介绍露西——得到认可 3.词汇激活行为类 ①除了做某事别无选择：have no alternative but to do/have no choice but to do ②帮助：help/aid ③控制：contain/control 情绪类 ①惊讶：surprise/amazement ②高兴的：pleased /delighted 【点睛】[高分句型1]. However, gradually Lucy showed her friendly and patient quality, who spent much time teaching Rita over and again.（运用了who引导的非限制性定语从句） [高分句型2]. No sooner had Rita finished the speech than many students cheered up and hugged Rita and Lucy tightly, after which Lucy became one of the most popular students in the class.（运用了no sooner…than…引导的时间状语从句及部分倒装，介词+which引导的非限制性定语从句） 1-5ACBCA 6-10CABCC 11-15BCABA 16-20ABBCA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$