专题07 完形填空（2024年新课标I卷） (专家评价+三年真题+满分策略+多维变式) -2024年高考英语新课标卷真题深度解析与考后提升

《2024年高考英语新课标卷真题深度解析与考后提升》 专题07 完形填空（新课标I卷）原卷版 (专家评价+全文翻译+三年真题+词汇变式+满分策略+话题变式) 目录 一、原题呈现 P2 二、答案解析 P2 三、专家评价 P3 四、全文翻译 P3 五、词汇变式 P4 (一)考纲词汇词形转换 P4 (二)考纲词汇识词知意 P4 (三)高频短语积少成多 P4 (四)核心考点单句填空 P5 (五)长难句分析 P5 六、三年真题 P6 (一)2023年新课标I卷完形填空 P6 (二)2022年新课标I卷完形填空 P7 (三)2021年新课标I卷完形填空 P8 七、满分策略（完形填空） P9 八、话题变式 P13 变式一：个人成长（体育锻炼+才艺比赛+生活磨难）6篇 P13 变式二：完形填空词语复现五大技巧 P20 ( 一 原题呈现 ) 完形填空关键词: 记叙文;人与自我;跑步骑自行车;个人目标设定; 个人成长独立思考;坚守自我 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 I’ve been motivated – and demotivated – by other folks’ achievements all my life. When I was a teenager, a neighborhood friend 41 a marathon race. Feeling motivated, I started running 42 , but then two things happened. First, a girl I met one day told me she was 43 for a “super,” referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon. Then, the next day I went on my longest run – 15 miles. To be honest, I 44 it! Between the girl making my 45 seem small and the pure boredom of jogging, I decided that the only 46 I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me! So I 47 cycling. I got a good bike and rode a lot. I 48 of entering cycle races until I flew to San Diego to visit my sister. While she was at work one day, I 49 her bike and went for a ride. The 50 : The roads there went through large valleys where I’d be riding uphill for miles at a time. I’d never faced such 51 . That day, I got 52 by about 100 “local” bikers who were used to such roads. When I got back home, suddenly riding my bike didn’t seem quite as 53 . I’ve 54 a lot since then. I’ve come to accept that whatever 55 I set for myself, they just have to be my own. 41. A. knew B. held C. won D. quit 42. A. regularly B. silently C. proudly D. recently 43. A. asking B. looking C. waiting D. training 44. A. made B. believed C. hated D. deserved 45. A. advantage B. achievement C. contribution D. influence 46. A. way B. risk C. place D. reason 47. A. gave up B. went on C. turned to D. dealt with 48. A. heard B. dreamed C. complained D. approved 49. A. painted B. borrowed C. bought D. parked 50. A. problem B. secret C. principle D. advice 51. A. dangers B. events C. opponents D. challenges 52. A. passed B. convinced C. admired D. stopped 53. A. reliable B. convenient C. familiar D. appealing 54. A. traveled B. matured C. missed D. worried 55. A. limits B. dates C. goals D. tests ( 二答案解析 ) ( 三专家评价 ) 强调综合性 提升语言运用能力 2024年高考英语命题注重考查综合语言运用能力，强调多项语言知识和听、说、读、写等语言技能的灵活运用，试题设计既包含对单项语言技能的考查，也涉及对多项语言技能的综合考查，引导学生在跨文化学习和交流过程中充分发挥综合语言运用能力解决实际问题，表达个人情感和观点。2024年新课标I卷完形填空通过细腻的个人经历叙述，不仅促使学生深刻反思个人目标设定的主观性和个体间差异，还微妙地引导他们在遭遇挑战之际，学会灵活调整策略，培养积极向上的思维模式，以更好地适应个人成长与社会变迁的需求。尤为重要的是，文中作者最终达成的“不盲从、不跟风”的认知结论，鲜明地彰显了命题人旨在培养新一代青年学子独立思考、理性判断的教育导向，鼓励他们在多元化信息时代中坚守自我，坚持走自己的路。 【中国考试·教育部教育考试院】 ( 四全文翻译 ) 我一辈子都被别人的成就激励着，也被别人的成绩激励着。 当我十几岁的时候，一个邻居的朋友赢得了一场马拉松比赛。感觉很有动力，我开始定期跑步，但后来发生了两件事。首先，我有一天遇到的一个女孩告诉我，她正在为“超级比赛”训练，指的是52.4英里的双人马拉松。然后，第二天我进行了我最长的跑步——15英里。老实说，我讨厌它！在这个让我的成就看起来很小的女孩和慢跑的纯粹无聊之间，我决定我再跑步的唯一原因是如果有一只大狗在追我！ 所以我开始骑自行车。我有一辆好自行车，经常骑。我梦想着参加自行车比赛，直到我飞往圣地亚哥看望我的妹妹。有一天她在上班时，我借了她的自行车去兜风。问题是：那里的道路穿过大山谷，我会在那里一次骑行数英里。我从来没有遇到过这样的挑战。那天，我路过大约100名习惯了这种道路的“当地”摩托车手。当我回到家时，突然骑自行车似乎没那么吸引人了。 从那以后我成熟了很多。我开始接受这样一个事实：无论我为自己设定了什么目标，它们都必须是我自己的。 ( 五词汇变式 ) 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 一、考纲词汇词形转换 1. bore adj. 枯燥的→n.__________枯燥 2. achieve vt 实现→n. __________成就 3. contribute vi 贡献→n. __________贡献 4. rely vt. 依赖→ adj. __________可靠的 5. appeal vt. 吸引→adj __________有吸引力的 6. regular adj 经常的→adv __________有规律地 二、考纲词汇识词知意 1. motivate v __________； 2. demotivate v __________； 3. enter v __________； 4. uphill adv __________； 5. regularly adv __________； 6. appealing adj __________； 7. mature v __________ 三、高频短语厚积薄发 1. refer to __________； 2. to be honest __________； 3. run after sb __________； 4. go for a ride __________； 5. go through __________； 6. come to accept __________； 7. turn to sth __________； 8. set a goal for oneself __________ 四、核心考点单句填空 1. I’ve been motivated – and demotivated ___________ other folks’ achievements all my life. 2. When I was a teenager, a neighborhood friend ___________(win) a marathon race. 3. Feeling ___________(motivate), I started running ___________(regular), but then two things happened. 4. First, a girl I met one day told me she was training for a “super,” ___________(refer) to a 52.4-mile double marathon. 5. Then, the next day I went on my ___________(long) run – 15 miles. ___________(be) honest, I hated it! 6. Between the girl ___________(make) my achievement seem small and the pure ___________(bore) of jogging, I decided that the only reason I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running ___________ me! 7. So I turned to cycling. I got a good bike and ___________(ride) a lot. 8. I dreamed ___________ entering cycle races until I ___________(fly) to San Diego to visit my sister. 9. While she was at work one day, I ___________(borrow) her bike and went for a ride. 10. The problem: The roads there went through large valleys ___________ I’d be riding uphill for miles at a time. 11. I’d never faced such challenges. That day, I got ___________(pass) by about 100 “local” bikers who ___________(use) to such roads. 12. When I got back home, suddenly ___________(ride) my bike didn’t seem quite as ___________(appeal). 13. I ___________(mature) a lot since then. I’ve come to accept that ___________ goals I set for myself, they just have to be my own. 五、长难句分析 Between the girl making my achievement seem small and the pure boredom of jogging, I decided that the only reason I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me! 【翻译】那个女孩让我觉得自己的成就微不足道，加上慢跑让我感觉无聊，我决定以后再也不跑步了，除非有一只大狗追着我跑！ 【分析】句子的主干为I decided that。Between ...and ... 为介词短语作状语，其中making my achievement seem small为现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰the girl；that 引导的宾语从句中，the reason (that) ... 表示“……的原因/ 理由”。 ( 六三年真题 ) 【2023年新课标I卷完形填空】 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have 41 the course earlier than she did. Her 42 came because she was carrying a 43 across the finish line. As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her 44 when a runner in front of her began crying in pain. She 45 to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue. Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with 46 . She couldn’t. Bailey then 47 to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 500 feet to where Lenoue could get 48 attention. Once there, Lenoue was 49 and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees. She would have struggled with extreme 50 to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey’s help. As for Bailey, she is more 51 about why her act is considered a big 52 . “She was just crying. I couldn’t 53 her,” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing.” Although the two young women were strangers before the 54 , they’ve since become friends. Neither won the race, but the 55 of human kindness won the day. 41. A. designed B. followed C. changed D. finished 42. A. delay B. chance C. trouble D. excuse 43. A. judge B. volunteer C. classmate D. competitor 44. A. race B. school C. town D. training 45. A. agreed B. returned C. stopped D. promised 46. A. courage B. aid C. patience D. advice 47. A. went away B. stood up C. stepped aside D. bent down 48. A. medical B. public C. constant D. equal 49. A. interrupted B. assessed C. identified D. appreciated 50. A. hunger B. pain C. cold D. tiredness 51. A. worried B. ashamed C. confused D. discouraged 52. A. game B. problem C. lesson D. deal 53. A. leave B. cure C. bother D. understand 54. A. ride B. test C. meet D. show 55. A. secret B. display C. benefit D. exchange 【2022年新课标I卷完形填空】 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B，C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Like many young people, Jessica wants to travel the globe. Unlike most of them, this 25-year-old is doing it 41 . She and her husband have spent the last two years traveling the world, stopping everywhere from Paris to Singapore. It might sound like one long, expensive 42 , but the couple has an unusual way to make their travel 43 . They’re part of a new form of the 44 economy: an online group of house sitters. Throughout their no-cost stays in 45 homes, they feed pets and water plants in the homeowner’s 46 . It’s not all sightseeing. The two travelers carefully 47 their trips, scheduling their days around the pets that are sometimes difficult to 48 . But house sitting also offers a level of 49 they can’t find in a hotel. “It’s like 50 at a friend’s house,” Jessica says. The couple has a high 51 rate in getting accepted as house sitters and they always go beyond the homeowner’s 52 . For Jessica, that means 53 plenty of pictures of happy pets, keeping the house 54 and leaving a nice small gift before heading to the next house. “You want to make the homeowner feel that they made the right 55 ,” she says. 41. A. indoors B. online C. single-handed D. full-time 42. A. game B. service C. vacation D. procedure 45. A. safe B. busy C. helpful D. affordable 44. A. local B. private C. sharing D. agricultural 45. A. strangers’ B. parents’ C. co-workers’ D. neighbors’ 46. A. favor B. defense C. honor D. absence 47. A. plan B. explain C. compare D. complete 48. A. buy B. transport C. choose D. please 49. A. support B. comfort C. control D. attention 50. A. cooking B. staying C. waiting D. studying 51. A. success B. survival C. growth D. unemployment 52. A. budget B. abilities C. expectations D. understanding 53. A. admiring B. donating C. sending D. borrowing 54. A. clean B. open C. simple D. empty 55. A. guess B. decision C. response D. impression 【2021年新课标I卷完形填空】 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 My life as a tax-paying employed person began in middle school, when, for three whole days, I worked in a baking factory. My best friend Betsy’s father was a manager at Hough Bakeries, which, at Easter time, 41 little bunny (兔子) cakes for all its 42 throughout Cleveland. It happened that the plant downtown needed eight kids for 43 help during our spring break, for which I had no 44 beyond listening to my favorite records. I’d 45 minimum wage. I’d see how a factory 46 . My parents thought all of this was a grand idea and called Betsy’s dad with their 47 . Our 48 in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nose. 49 bunny from the belt. This was 50 than it sounds. 51 a bit and the cakes pile up. As I told my parents at dinner that first night, it was all a little more high-pressure than I’d 52 . Dad 53 . The son of a grocer, he’d spent the summers of his childhood 54 food in Benardsville, New Jersey. This was the sort of work that made you 55 the dollars you earned and respect those who did the work, he told me. 41. A. sold B. ordered C. made D. reserved 42. A. stores B. families C. schools D. citizens 43. A. generous B. financial C. technical D. temporary 44. A. plans B. problems C. excuses D. hobbies 45. A. offer B. earn C. set D. suggest 46. A. worked B. closed C. developed D. survived 47. A. ambition B. permission C. experience D. invitation 48. A. joys B. ideas C. roles D. choices 49. A. Save B. Keep C. Stop D. Remove 50. A. harder B. better C. longer D. cheaper 51. A. Calm down B. Slow down C. Stay on D. Move on 52. A. indicated B. witnessed C. expected D. remembered 53. A. cried B. smiled C. hesitated D. refused 54. A. tasting B. finding C. sharing D. delivering 55. A. withdraw B. donate C. receive D. appreciate ( 七满分策略 ) 完形填空满分策略 记叙文类完形填空可分为叙事和记人两种形式，它们有几个显著的特点：以一般过去时为主，其他时态为辅；大量使用动词；适当出现直接引语。做题时要注意以下几点： 解题要领 内容解读 抓住文章中心 中心思想有助于明确做题方向，提高针对性。文章题目揭示中心思想；如无题目，抓文章开头结尾，尤其是议论抒情的语句，也可抓住文章的中心。 明确叙述角度 在做题时考生可采用“角色渗透法”，这样有助于走进作者的思维，深入理解文章的含义。 理清写作顺序 记叙文的写作顺序有：顺叙、倒叙、插叙、补叙、分叙，理清写作顺序有助于了解事情发展的来龙去脉，从而更迅速、准确地理解文意。 明确写作要素 弄清记叙文的6要素(5W1H)，即时间(when)、地点(where)、人物(who)、事件(what)、原因(why)、结果(how)，抓住这些写作要素，就基本上抓住了文章的主体。 洞悉写作目的 写作目的是借助叙事、写人或写景来阐明一个道理，给人以启迪或教益。 完形填空六大答题技巧 技巧一：据搭配，知答案 完形填空中，有时会涉及短语，以动词短语为主，偶见介词短语等。解题时，可以通过仔细观察和回忆所学知识，进行有效推断，选择正确答案。 例1. (2020·江苏)Being good at something and having a passion for it are not enough.Success 36 fundamentally on our view of ourselves and of the 37.events in our lives. 36.A.depends B.holds C.keeps D.reflects 【答案】A 【解析】上文提到仅仅擅长某件事并有激情是不够的，由此可知此处意为“成功从根本上取决于(depend on)我们对自己和对生活中所发生事件的看法”。 技巧二：重平行，觅逻辑 文章中的意群总是通过一定的逻辑关系连在一起，特别是并列平行的结构。这些结构要么通过标点符号体现，要么通过并列连词连接。一般来说，这些平行结构所表达的语境是一致的，考生解题时要特别注意这一点。 例2. (2020·全国Ⅰ)One day they’ll 47 and discover that everything they’ve always known about windows is a 48.lie. 47.A.win out B.give up C.wake up D.stand out 【答案】C 【解析】根据空格后的discover可知，此处表示总有一天孩子们会醒悟过来(wake up)。win out终于成功；give up放弃；stand out突出，显眼。 技巧三：破难句，解句意 完形填空的文章中会出现一些长句或难句，而它们往往会影响一些答案的选择。这时就要在理解上下文逻辑关系的基础上有针对性地对句子结构、句子特点进行分析，准确理解句意，明确所填选项在句中的语法功能，从而做出正确判断。 例3. (2020·全国Ⅱ)As he often did，he stopped by the “after work auction(拍卖)” 43 by the Italian police where things 44.found on the trains were sold to the highest bidder. 43.A.attended B.reserved C.cancelled D.run 【答案】D 【解析】根据上文中的auction“拍卖”和下文中的“by the Italian police”可知，此处表示由意大利警方管理(run)的“下班后拍卖会”。attend出席，参加；reserve预订，留出；cancel取消，废除。 技巧四：巧排除，降难度 在掌握文章大意和细节的前提下，考生可以通过试填试题中的选项选出最吻合语境、最衔接语义的选项，这种解题方法被称为“排除错项”。 例4. (2020·浙江)I ran desperately but failed to 45 .It crashed through a wooden fence and disappeared. 45.A.take off B.catch up C.hold back D.get out 【答案】B 【解析】根据上文的ran desperately和下文的拖拉机冲过一个木栅栏然后就不见了可知，作者没能追上(catch up)它。take off起飞；hold back忍住；get out出去。 技巧五：由熟词，知生义 一词多义和熟词生义是近几年高考不断出现的词汇活用现象。备考时应注意单词本义以及根据词根推断单词生僻意义。 例5. (2018·全国Ⅲ)Teresa 56.posted a photo of the chance meeting on a social networking website 57 by the touching words：“What a 58.blessing this young man was to our family！He was so 59 and kind to do this.” 57. A.confirmed B.simplified C.clarified D.accompanied 59. A.smart B.calm C.sweet D.fair 【答案】57. D。 【解析】特雷莎把照片发到了网上，并且配上(accompany)了感人的话语。confirm确认；simplify使简化；clarify澄清。 【答案】59.C。 【解析】 smart聪明的，精明的；calm冷静的；sweet甜的，友好的；fair公平的。根据语境可知，四个选项中与kind并列的是sweet。句意为：他做这件事真是太友好和善良了。 技巧六：词汇复现溯根源 词汇复现指的是某一个词以原词、近义词、同根词、反义词、上义词、下义词(如rose是flower的下义词，flower是rose的上义词)或其他形式重复出现在语篇中。词汇复现是语篇衔接的一个重要手段。值得注意的是：词汇复现作为一种命题风格，近年来越来越受命题者的青睐。我们解答完形填空时，要留心选项中是否有与上下文中的词汇相对应的词，利用词汇复现解题。 例6. 原词复现——在上下文中同一词汇重复出现 一个单词在一个语义场中以同样的词形反复出现，有时兼有词形变化。如：上文中出现了transport与下文中的transportation可以看成是原词复现 (2020·全国Ⅰ)I hate lying to the kids.One day they’ll wake up and discover that everything they’ve always known about windows is a 48 . I wonder if 49.parents should always tell the truth no matter the 50.consequences.I have a very strong 51.fear that the lie we’re telling is doing... 48.A.dream B.lie C.fantasy D.fact 【答案】B 【解析】根据本段第一句中的lying以及下一段第二句中的the lie可知，此处应填lie(谎言)。 例7. 同根词复现——词形变化的词汇复现 (2019·全国Ⅱ)A local farmer told them the dog sounded like one 50 as lost in the local paper.The ad had a 51.phone number for a town in southern Michigan.Ehlers 52.called the number of Jeff and Lisa to tell them he had 53.found their dog. 50.A.predicted B.advertised C.believed D.recorded 【答案】B 【解析】由下一句中的ad可知，此处应选B。advertise登广告。 例8. 同/近义词复现——意思相同、相近的表达方式，或者解释性的词汇复现 (2020·全国Ⅱ)It was signed(签名) “Bonnato” or so he thought，but when he 51.researched it，he only found “Bonnard，” a French 52 he had never heard of.He bought a book and was 53.surprised to find a picture of the artist Pierre Bonnard sitting on the same chair in the same 54.garden as his father’s painting. 52.A.painter B.designer C.author D.actor 【答案】A 【解析】由上文中的Bonnard以及下文中的“find a picture of the artist Pierre Bonnard sitting on the same chair”可知，此处表示一位法国画家(painter)。artist与painter是近义词。designer设计师；author作家；actor演员。 例9. 反义词复现——意思相反或对比性解释的词汇复现 (2019·全国Ⅱ)Ehlers eventually succeeded in coaxing the animal to him. Nervousness and fear were replaced with 49 .It just started licking(舔) Ehlers’ face. 49.A.surprise B.joy C.hesitation D.anxiety 【答案】B 【解析】根据空后内容可知，此处指小狗的紧张和害怕被高兴(joy)所取代了。 技巧七：逻辑关系解疑难 完形填空中主要考查七大逻辑关系：对立关系、并列和递进关系、目的和因果关系、条件关系、时间关系、层次和顺序关系、例证关系。 例10. 并列和递进关系 并列和递进关系常用的标志词和短语有：and，or，neither...nor...，not only...but (also)...，similarly等。 (2019·北京)The students who he’s 15.driven have gone on to become physicians，teachers and engineers，but what they’ve also got out of their time in school is finding a role model and a friend in Wilson.Some students 16 call him “Grandpa”. 16.A.even B.ever C.once D.already 【答案】A 【解析】根据语境，此处表示这些大学生视威尔逊为楷模和朋友，甚至(even)亲切地叫他“爷爷”。 ( 八话题变式-名校好题再练 ) 变式一：个人成长（体育锻炼+才艺比赛+生活磨难） 01（2023·江苏苏州·模拟预测） On the final day of my high school, I was hit in the face with a baseball bat. As my classmate 1 at the ball with all his strength, the bat slipped out of his hands and came flying toward me before 2 me directly between my eyes. I have no memory of the moment of 3 . When I opened my eyes, I saw people 4 at me and running over to help. Shocked and 5 , I was unaware of how severely I had been injured. Shortly after arriving at the local hospital, my body began 6 . I struggled with basic 7 like swallowing and breathing. So the doctors decided the local hospital was 8 to handle the situation and 9 me a helicopter to fly me to a larger hospital. The following months were hard. It felt like everything in my life was a 10 . I had double vision for weeks and I 11 couldn’t see straight. But I was determined not to let my injury get me down. Although the path of recovery was not 12 , I managed to get my life in order. With constant efforts, I even became a college athlete and played professionally to 13 my potential. The experience taught me a 14 lesson: what doesn’t beat you makes you stronger. We all deal with 15 but in the long run, the quality of our lives often depends on the attitude towards setbacks in life. 1. A. aimed B. swung C. pointed D. grabbed 2. A. striking B. interrupting C. wrapping D. embracing 3. A. impression B. image C. invitation D. impact 4. A. laughing B. shouting C. calling D. staring 5. A. bored B. amused C. confused D. disappointed 6. A. taking off B. breaking out C. opening up D. shutting down 7. A. functions B. roles C. rights D. skills 8. A. uninvited B. uninterested C. unmanned D. unequipped 9. A. assisted B. ordered C. commanded D. instructed 10. A. chance B. hit C. mess D. balance 11. A. barely B. literally C. immediately D. purposely 12. A. broad B. traditional C. smooth D. remote 13. A. record B. change C. adopt D. realize 14. A. creative B. critical C. bitter D. cheerful 15. A. challenges B. outcomes C. opportunities D. experiences 02（2024·黑龙江大庆·三模） I came to the sport of triathlons late in life. I spent years accompanying my super-fit brother to triathlons and waiting for him on the hot sidelines while he swam, biked and ran for hours. Then a light bulb turned on in my brain. I could 16 , too, instead of suffering intense 17 . Starting with what I knew best, I began swimming. I swam up and down, 18 my54-year-old body that my skills haven’t 19 . Thankfully, muscle memory was 20 , leaving me confident for the first session. For the bike part, cycling wasn’t as enjoyable as I remembered, but I didn’t 21 . Tough as it was, all I cared about was finishing the ride. To exercise for the run, I joined a running group. In the beginning, I could merely run 3 miles, but I kept moving forward. I could 22 achieve the goal in a couple of months. Still, I remained rather 23 . How would I swim 1.2miles, bike 56 miles and then run 13.1 miles in one day? When I carefully 24 my crazy idea to my brother, he jumped on board immediately. The final 25 was painful and the big day eventually arrived this summer. At first, I finished swimming a few minutes ahead of my brother. However, I 26 during the bike ride. After about 22 miles, I stopped, got off my bike and 27 , “I think I’m going to quit.” “You know you won’t let yourself do that”, he replied. 28 , I got back and slowly pedaled (蹬车) to the end. The run was more like a walk. My brother chose to stay with me. The sun burning, we talked, laughed and waved to the 29 . We crossed the finish line together, and a great cheer went up from the crowd. It was a (n) 30 experience for me. 16. A. participate B. innovate C. experiment D. organize 17. A. confusion B. sorrow C. boredom D. awkwardness 18. A. examining B. maintaining C. explaining D. convincing 19. A. improved B. disappeared C. existed D. arrived 20. A. ignored B. regained C. discovered D. repeated 21. A. drop out B. turn around C. get through D. break up 22. A. narrowly B. extremely C. severely D. hardly 23. A. puzzled B. embarrassed C. stressed D. terrified 24. A. brought B. communicated C. contributed D. assigned 25. A. result B. injury C. treatment D. preparation 26. A. quitted B. explored C. struggled D. fled 27. A. reminded B. whispered C. comforted D. persuaded 28. A. Upset B. Astonished C. Relieved D. Determined 29. A. judges B. audience C. staff D. losers 30. A. bittersweet B. heartbreaking C. ongoing D. lifelike 03（2024·贵州遵义·二模） Lying in my hospital bed, I was flicking through (快速转换) the channels when I suddenly paused. Muscular women were competing in a body sculpting competition on the 31 . “Wow, they are 32 ,” I thought in amazement. It was 2004, and I’d been hospitalized with asthma, which gave me the desire to 33 a more healthy lifestyle. I didn’t know how to exercise correctly and found it hard to 34 healthy diets. But now at 49, it was time for a 35 . Therefore, the day after I left the hospital, I joined the gym with one 36 : to look like the women I’d seen on TV. The first sessions were so 37 that I could barely walk back down the stairs afterwards. But I kept 38 for several hours, four days a week, slowly building my strength. After six months of training, I 39 my first competition—Masters Over Forty. Standing on the stage, my heart nearly leapt from my chest when they 40 I was the winner. Over the next 14 years, I 41 35 titles in body sculpting competitions worldwide. During this time, I decided to use my experience to help other women over 40 achieve their 42 goals. I became a personal trainer and wrote a book to help people eat 43 food during their training. With the right diet, everyone can stay healthy and strong longer. I know many older women have never been in the 44 or picked up a weight. But it’s never too 45 to make changes. 31. A. screen B. bed C. way D. mind 32. A. intelligent B. reliable C. wealthy D. incredible 33. A. abandon B. continue C. adopt D. alter 34. A. mix up B. stick to C. show off D. put aside 35. A. rest B. celebration C. chat D. change 36. A. suggestion B. goal C. order D. bonus 37. A. hard B. dull C. ridiculous D. dangerous 38. A. staying up B. standing by C. working out D. passing out 39. A. organized B. sponsored C. hosted D. entered 40. A. announced B. whispered C. predicted D. assumed 41. A. witnessed B. lost C. defended D. won 42. A. career B. fitness C. education D. finance 43. A. tasty B. fresh C. appropriate D. abundant 44. A. gym B. hospital C. session D. building 45. A. soon B. young C. late D. fun 04（2024·河北沧州·三模） When I was five, my parents began to place me in a variety of different sports. The first 46 was gymnastics, which was a complete 47 . The second was track and field. Track was fun at first, I actually liked to run and I was pretty fast. When I joined the team, the 48 was going to begin soon, only giving me three weeks to 49 for my first track meet. I 50 for a while and then the day of the track meet arrived. Arriving at the stadium I was 51 to see how huge it looked. Before my race I did my warm ups while watching the other kids run their races with a few hundred audience. The 52 of the stadium was something I never felt before. While 53 the starting line to run the 400m dash, I started to feel 54 ! At the starting line, we sat there silently waiting for the gun to 55 . In that silence I continued to 56 myself and I felt like I was going to win. The gun finally shot and racers began a(n) 57 dash to the finish line. The first 100 meters I was doing great. Then came the 200m mark, and my legs were dying. I was slowing down still trying to run. Alone 58 I was on the track, I still walked to finish line. When seeing my mother, I burst into tears. That race was probably the most 59 one in my life. Even though I gave up running track and field, I am grateful for what I experienced when I was 5 because it 60 me who I am today. 46. A. game B. activity C. variety D. class 47. A. joke B. failure C. mess D. change 48. A. season B. sport C. training D. track 49. A. account B. answer C. apply D. prepare 50. A. trained B. hesitated C. waited D. considered 51. A. disappointed B. shocked C. interested D. moved 52. A. noise B. condition C. situation D. atmosphere 53. A. approaching B. recognizing C. appreciating D. finding 54. A. confident B. anxious C. nervous D. content 55. A. turn out B. go off C. break off D. set out 56. A. warn B. balance C. encourage D. enjoy 57. A. specific B. usual C. attractive D. mad 58. A. since B. though C. while D. unless 59. A. terrifying B. convincing C. challenging D. annoying 60. A. provided B. persuaded C. made D. inspired 05（2024·山东·模拟预测） Born with no right leg, Anthony Robles, one of the best wrestlers in the NCAA, started wrestling when he was in high school. When his cousin first 61 him to wrestling, Robles wasn’t a/an 62 . However, he gradually fell in love with it and he has been doing it ever since . While some people might have 63 his decision to take on the sport, his family was a huge 64 of support and encouragement. He said: “They 65 in me from a young age that I could do whatever I 66 my mind to. “They didn’t give me any special 67 . They raised me like others.” While the physical aspects of the sport seemed to be the most challenging part, at one point Robles realized he needed to be 68 tougher. After 69 seventh at nationals in his junior year, he took a 70 from wrestling for a little while. He said. “I was 71 . That really just helped me to mentally get back to the sport.” Then came the last match. Robles was so scared that he was almost starting to cry. When he defeated defending national champion 7-1, the 72 were quite different. “I couldn’t even 73 it.” He said, “It was just a great experience.” Now Robles is ready for the next page in his life, “I really want to help other people achieve things in their lives that others might say are 74 .” Robles plans to put his amazing attitude and energy to 75 as a motivational (激励) speaker. 61. A. showed B. recommended C. introduced D. attracted 62. A. partner B. fan C. master D. audience 63. A. questioned B. admired C. honored D. affected 64. A. amount B. source C. flood D. supply 65. A. planted B. breathed C. delivered D. registered 66. A. exchange B. improve C. bury D. apply 67. A. effect B. credit C. confidence D. treatment 68. A. gradually B. obviously C. formally D. mentally 69. A. succeeding B. going C. finishing D. becoming 70. A. break B. job C. bus D. flight 71. A. cut out B. left out C. stressed out D. checked out 72. A. decisions B. emotions C. approaches D. goals 73. A. impressed B. concentrated C. design D. believe 74. A. useless B. extra C. confusing D. impossible 75. A. rest B. place C. use D. test 06（2024·河南·模拟预测） Can you imagine the power of a father? On Sept.17, 2022, a man and his son 76 to begin the first of three legs of the Ironman competition in Cambridge. Jeff Agar, 59, and his son, Johnny Agar, weren’t the 77 participants. Johnny has suffered from a brain disease and finds difficulty in 78 . Consequently, throughout the race, Jeff would 79 as Johnny’s, arms and legs. The race began with a 2.4-mile swim in a river. With one end of a rope 80 around his back and the other to a kayak (皮艇) with Johnny in, Jeff 81 into the water. Swimming while dragging another person is 82 enough. The pair completed the swim in 90 minutes, and here came the next 83 : a 112-mile bicycle ride. Their special bike has an additional seat in the back for Johnny that 84 backward, which made it easier to observe and cheer on other 85 behind. After roughly nine hours, they set their sights on the final leg — a 26.2-mile marathon with Jeff 86 Johnny in the racing chair. 87 , Jeff and Johnny managed to pick up the pace. With only 200 feet to the finish line, Jeff 88 to help Johnny out of his racing chair. After years of tough 89 , Johnny was determined to finish the last part of the race on his own. Eventually, the 90 pair crossed the finish line together. As the crowd. cheered loudly, the tired Jeff just kept a low profile. “He didn’t want his finish line moment,” says Johnny. “He wanted it to be mine.” 76. A. broke out B. set out C. picked up D. stood up 77. A. official B. particular C. occasional D. typical 78. A. sleeping B. speaking C. walking D. understanding 79. A. expect B. appear C. treat D. act 80. A. tied B. stuck C. decorated D. adapted 81. A. fell B. sailed C. jumped D. drowned 82. A. challenging B. interesting C. fascinating D. inspiring 83. A. measure B. routine C. means D. leg 84. A. leans B. reflects C. faces D. moves 85. A. representatives B. competitors C. applicants D. travelers 86. A. pushing B. approaching C. monitoring D. informing 87. A. Unfortunately B. Generally C. Unbelievably D. Obviously 88. A. stopped B. forced C. pretended D. happened 89. A. researching B. training C. communication D. separation 90. A. heart-broken B. good-natured C. well-known D. strong-willed 变式二：完形填空词语复现五大技巧 考点一：原词复现 例1. 【2022•全国甲】When I first dated Steve, I learned he had a dog, Molly, and a cat, Flora. While I was thrilled that he was an animal lover, I worried that three dogs were perhaps too many, and my dogs might attack 46 the cat. 46. A. Flora B. Chance C. Molly D. Tilly 【解析】 46. A。虽然我很高兴他是一个动物爱好者，但我担心三条狗可能太多了，我的狗可能会攻击猫Flora。根据上文的“he had a dog, Molly, and a car, Flora (他有一条名叫Molly的狗和一只名叫Flora的猫)”可知，此处指作者担心自己的狗可能会攻击史蒂夫的猫Flora。故选A。 提醒：Flora—Flora原词复现 例2. 【2022·新高考I卷】My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years. Some of our memories are funny, especially from the early years when our children were little. Once, we 22 along Chalk Creek. 22. A. camped B. drove C. walked D. cycled 【解析】22. A。考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一次，我们沿着白垩溪露营。A. camped露营；B. drove开车；C. walked散步；D. cycled骑自行车。根据上文“My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years.”可知，此处指作者与家人一起在溪边露营。故选A。 提醒：camping ---camped原词复现 考点二：同义词复现 例3. 【2018·全国卷】 When most of us get a text message on our cell phone from an unknown person, we usually say “sorry, 41(wrong) number！” and move on. But when Dennis Williams 42 a text that clearly wasn't intended for him, he did something 43(special). 42. A.received B. translated C. copied D. printed 【解析】42. A。根据文章第一句When most of us get a text message on our cell phone from an unknown person可以推知，他接到了电话。A. received收到；B. translated翻译；C. copied复制；D. printed印刷。本题可以利用语义复现解题。第42空是上文“get”的同义词复现，故选A。 提醒：get—received 是同义词复现 例4. 【2021·天津】He 23 (offered) to fix bikes free of charge for anyone who needed it.He also asked for unwanted bikes，which he would repair again 24 . 24. A. by accident B.in advance C.for free D.on credit 【解析】24. C。by accident偶然；in advance提前；for free免费；on credit赊账。上文提到他主动提出为有需要的人免费修自行车，根据空前的again及语境可知，此处指他会再次免费修废弃的自行车。故选C。 提醒：free of charge与for free是同义词复现。 考点三：近义词复现 例5. 【2017·全国I卷】While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life, college sets the stage for that exploration.I myself went through this 41 process and found something that has changed my 42 (experience) at college for the better: I discovered ASL—American Sign Language (美式手语). 41. A.searching  B. planning C. natural  D. formal 【解析】41. A。根据首句提供的相关信息:high school与college，以及“not generally encourage students to explore”与“sets the stage for that exploration”分析判断，“我”亲身经历了这个探索过程，发现这个让“我”的大学的经历更加美好的东西:美式手语。故是searchingprocess(探索过程)，与前文的exploration吻合。本题可以利用语义复现解题。第41空是上文“explore”的近义词复现，故选A。 例6. 【2022·新高考I卷】Another time, we rented a boat in Vallecito Lake. The sky was clear when we headed off, but storms move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly interrupted our peaceful morning trip. The 29 picked up and thunder rolled. 29. A. wind B. noise C. temperature D. speed 【解析】29. A考查名词词义辨析。句意：狂风大作，雷声隆隆。A. wind风；B. noise噪音；C. temperature温度；D. speed速度。根据上文“storms move in fast in the mountains”可推知，此处指大风刮了起来。故选A。 提醒：storms—wind近义词复现 考点四：反义词复现 例7. .【2022·新高考Ⅱ卷】 She and her husband have spent the last two years traveling the world，stopping everywhere from Paris to Singapore.It might sound like one long，expensive 42 (vacation), but the couple has an unusual way to make their travel 43 . 43. A.safe B.busy C.helpful D.affordable 【解析】43. D。safe安全的；busy繁忙的；helpful有帮助的；affordable负担得起的。由but可知，此处与上文中的expensive(昂贵的)构成反义关系，也就是“便宜的”或“负担得起的”。故选D。 例8. 【2019·全国Ⅱ卷】Ehlers eventually succeeded in coaxing the animal to him. Nervousness and fear were replaced with 49 . It just started licking(舔) Ehlers’ face. 49. A. surprise B. joy C. hesitation D. anxiety 【解析】49. B。设空处下一句Itjust started licking Ehlersface.(小狗开始舔Ehlers的脸)说明小狗见到Ehlers很高兴与之前的紧张和害怕形成对比。根据空后内容可知，此处指小狗的紧张和害怕被高兴(joy)所取代了。故选B。 提醒：Nervousness and fear—joy 是反义词复现 考点五：上下词复现 例9. 【2020·全国Ⅰ】Since our twins began learning to walk, my wife and I have kept telling them that our sliding glass door is just a window. .. One day they’ll 47(wake up) and discover that everything they’ve always known about windows is a 48(lie) . I wonder if 49 should always tell the truth no matter the 50 (consequences). I have a very strong 51 (fear) that the lie we’re telling is doing 52 (spiritual) damage to our children. 49. A. parents B. twins C. colleagues D. teachers 【解析】49. A。句意：我想知道父母是否应该说出真相，无论结果如何。parents父母twins双胞胎colleagues同事teachers老师。根据下文to our children，可知这里意思是作者想知道父母是否应该说出真相。根据上文中提到的our twins，the kids以及下文中的our children可知，此处是指父母(parents)。故选A。 提醒：our twins，the kids以及下文中的our children与下文parents是总括与分述的词汇复现 例10. 【2022·全国乙卷】We brought young children aged 2－4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC. Each 47(child) sat down with an adult who covered her own eyes or 48 . We then asked the child if she could 49(see) or hear the adult. Surprisingly, children replied that they couldn’t. 48. A. feet B. nose C. hands D. ears 【解析】48. A。foot脚；nose鼻子；hand手；ear耳朵。根据下文“or hear the adult”可知，实验中，儿童被询问是否能听到成年人的声音，所以此处表示成年人遮住了自己的耳朵。此处ears与下文中的hear是上下词复现。 提醒：ears与下文中的hear是上下词复现 $$《2024年高考英语新课标卷真题深度解析与考后提升》 专题07 完形填空（新课标I卷）解析版 (专家评价+全文翻译+三年真题+词汇变式+满分策略+话题变式) 目录 一、原题呈现 P2 二、答案解析 P2 三、专家评价 P3 四、全文翻译 P4 五、词汇变式 P4 (一)考纲词汇词形转换 P4 (二)考纲词汇识词知意 P5 (三)高频短语积少成多 P6 (四)核心考点单句填空 P6 (五)长难句分析 P6 六、三年真题 P7 (一)2023年新课标I卷完形填空 P7 (二)2022年新课标I卷完形填空 P10 (三)2021年新课标I卷完形填空 P13 七、满分策略（完形填空） P13 八、话题变式 P20 变式一：个人成长（体育锻炼+才艺比赛+生活磨难）6篇 P20 变式二：完形填空词语复现五大技巧 P37 ( 一 原题呈现 ) 完形填空关键词: 记叙文;人与自我;跑步骑自行车;个人目标设定; 个人成长独立思考;坚守自我 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 I’ve been motivated – and demotivated – by other folks’ achievements all my life. When I was a teenager, a neighborhood friend 41 a marathon race. Feeling motivated, I started running 42 , but then two things happened. First, a girl I met one day told me she was 43 for a “super,” referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon. Then, the next day I went on my longest run – 15 miles. To be honest, I 44 it! Between the girl making my 45 seem small and the pure boredom of jogging, I decided that the only 46 I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me! So I 47 cycling. I got a good bike and rode a lot. I 48 of entering cycle races until I flew to San Diego to visit my sister. While she was at work one day, I 49 her bike and went for a ride. The 50 : The roads there went through large valleys where I’d be riding uphill for miles at a time. I’d never faced such 51 . That day, I got 52 by about 100 “local” bikers who were used to such roads. When I got back home, suddenly riding my bike didn’t seem quite as 53 . I’ve 54 a lot since then. I’ve come to accept that whatever 55 I set for myself, they just have to be my own. 41. A. knew B. held C. won D. quit 42. A. regularly B. silently C. proudly D. recently 43. A. asking B. looking C. waiting D. training 44. A. made B. believed C. hated D. deserved 45. A. advantage B. achievement C. contribution D. influence 46. A. way B. risk C. place D. reason 47. A. gave up B. went on C. turned to D. dealt with 48. A. heard B. dreamed C. complained D. approved 49. A. painted B. borrowed C. bought D. parked 50. A. problem B. secret C. principle D. advice 51. A. dangers B. events C. opponents D. challenges 52. A. passed B. convinced C. admired D. stopped 53. A. reliable B. convenient C. familiar D. appealing 54. A. traveled B. matured C. missed D. worried 55. A. limits B. dates C. goals D. tests ( 二答案解析 ) 【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. C 45. B 46. D 47. C 48. B 49. B 50. A 51. D 52. A 53. D 54. B 55. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。它详细叙述了作者在不同阶段对不同运动（跑步和骑自行车）的兴趣和经历，并通过这些经历反映了作者的成长和心理变化。 41. C 根据第一段的I’ve been motivated ... by other folks’ achievements 以及下文的Feeling motivated 可知，“我”被朋友取得的成就所激励，因此邻居朋友应是赢得了马拉松比赛，won 符合语境。 42. A 根据上文的Feeling motivated 可知，“我”受该朋友赢得马拉松比赛的激励，开始定期（regularly）跑步。 43. D 根据下文的a 52.4-mile double marathon 可知，该女生告诉“我”她在为一个52.4 英里的双程马拉松比赛而进行训练（training）。 44. C 根据下文的the pure boredom of jogging 及... I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me 可知，“我”讨厌（hated）跑步。 45. B 根据上文女生为52.4 英里的双程马拉松比赛进行训练，而“我”最长的跑步距离才15 英里可知，和她相比，“我”的成就（achievement）显得微不足道。 46. D 根据下文的I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me 可知，“我”下定决心，只有被狗追赶，“我”才会再次跑步，这是“我”再次跑步的唯一原因或理由（reason）。 47. C 由上文“我”讨厌跑步及下文的cycling 可知，“我”对跑步失去兴趣，改为（turned to）骑自行车。 48. B 根据上文的I got a good bike and rode a lot. 及下文的entering cycle races 可知，“我”梦想着（dreamed of）参加自行车比赛。 49. B 根据上文的While she was at work one day 可知，姐姐上班去了，“我”借（borrowed）她的自行车出去兜风。 50. A 根据下文的The roads there went through large valleys where I’d be riding uphill for miles at a time. 可知，那里的路穿过大山谷，所以“我”需要一次骑好几英里的上坡路，这是“我”遇到的问题（problem）。 51. D 根据上文的The roads there went through large valleys where I’d be riding uphill for miles at a time. 可知，“我”从未遇到过这样的挑战（challenges）。 52. A 根据下文的by about 100 “local” bikers who were used to such roads可知，当地自行车手习惯了在这种上坡路上骑行，所以此处指的是“我”被大约100 名当地自行车手超过（passed）了。 53. D 根据上文“我”在上坡路上骑行遇到的挑战及被当地自行车手赶超可知，“我”应该很受挫，所以回家后觉得骑自行车不再那么有吸引力（appealing）了。 54. B 通过“我”的两次经历及下文的I’ve come to accept that ... 可知，“我”应该是成熟了（matured）许多。 55. C 根据下文的I set for myself, they just have to be my own 可知，此处指无论“我”为自己设定什么目标（goals），都必须是（适合）我自己的目标。 ( 三专家评价 ) 强调综合性 提升语言运用能力 2024年高考英语命题注重考查综合语言运用能力，强调多项语言知识和听、说、读、写等语言技能的灵活运用，试题设计既包含对单项语言技能的考查，也涉及对多项语言技能的综合考查，引导学生在跨文化学习和交流过程中充分发挥综合语言运用能力解决实际问题，表达个人情感和观点。2024年新课标I卷完形填空通过细腻的个人经历叙述，不仅促使学生深刻反思个人目标设定的主观性和个体间差异，还微妙地引导他们在遭遇挑战之际，学会灵活调整策略，培养积极向上的思维模式，以更好地适应个人成长与社会变迁的需求。尤为重要的是，文中作者最终达成的“不盲从、不跟风”的认知结论，鲜明地彰显了命题人旨在培养新一代青年学子独立思考、理性判断的教育导向，鼓励他们在多元化信息时代中坚守自我，坚持走自己的路。 【中国考试·教育部教育考试院】 ( 四全文翻译 ) 我一辈子都被别人的成就激励着，也被别人的成绩激励着。 当我十几岁的时候，一个邻居的朋友赢得了一场马拉松比赛。感觉很有动力，我开始定期跑步，但后来发生了两件事。首先，我有一天遇到的一个女孩告诉我，她正在为“超级比赛”训练，指的是52.4英里的双人马拉松。然后，第二天我进行了我最长的跑步——15英里。老实说，我讨厌它！在这个让我的成就看起来很小的女孩和慢跑的纯粹无聊之间，我决定我再跑步的唯一原因是如果有一只大狗在追我！ 所以我开始骑自行车。我有一辆好自行车，经常骑。我梦想着参加自行车比赛，直到我飞往圣地亚哥看望我的妹妹。有一天她在上班时，我借了她的自行车去兜风。问题是：那里的道路穿过大山谷，我会在那里一次骑行数英里。我从来没有遇到过这样的挑战。那天，我路过大约100名习惯了这种道路的“当地”摩托车手。当我回到家时，突然骑自行车似乎没那么吸引人了。 从那以后我成熟了很多。我开始接受这样一个事实：无论我为自己设定了什么目标，它们都必须是我自己的。 ( 五词汇变式 ) 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 一、考纲词汇词形转换 1. bore adj. 枯燥的→n. boredom枯燥 2. achieve vt 实现→n. achievement成就 3. contribute vi 贡献→n. contribution贡献 4. rely vt. 依赖→ adj. reliable可靠的 5. appeal vt. 吸引→adj appealing有吸引力的 6. regular adj 经常的→adv regularly有规律地 二、考纲词汇识词知意 1. motivate v 激励； 2. demotivate v 使失去动力（de- = apart,away）； 3. enter v 报名参加； 4. uphill adv 朝上坡方向，向山上； 5. regularly adv 定期地，经常，有规律地； 6. appealing adj有吸引力的； 7. mature v 变成熟 三、高频短语厚积薄发 1. refer to 指的是； 2. to be honest 老实说； 3. run after sb 追赶某人； 4. go for a ride 骑车兜风； 5. go through 穿过； 6. come to accept 终于接受，渐渐认识到； 7. turn to sth 改为做某事； 8. set a goal for oneself 为自己设定目标 四、核心考点单句填空 1. I’ve been motivated – and demotivated ___________ other folks’ achievements all my life. 2. When I was a teenager, a neighborhood friend ___________(win) a marathon race. 3. Feeling ___________(motivate), I started running ___________(regular), but then two things happened. 4. First, a girl I met one day told me she was training for a “super,” ___________(refer) to a 52.4-mile double marathon. 5. Then, the next day I went on my ___________(long) run – 15 miles. ___________(be) honest, I hated it! 6. Between the girl ___________(make) my achievement seem small and the pure ___________(bore) of jogging, I decided that the only reason I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running ___________ me! 7. So I turned to cycling. I got a good bike and ___________(ride) a lot. 8. I dreamed ___________ entering cycle races until I ___________(fly) to San Diego to visit my sister. 9. While she was at work one day, I ___________(borrow) her bike and went for a ride. 10. The problem: The roads there went through large valleys ___________ I’d be riding uphill for miles at a time. 11. I’d never faced such challenges. That day, I got ___________(pass) by about 100 “local” bikers who ___________(use) to such roads. 12. When I got back home, suddenly ___________(ride) my bike didn’t seem quite as ___________(appeal). 13. I ___________(mature) a lot since then. I’ve come to accept that ___________ goals I set for myself, they just have to be my own. 【答案】 1. by 2. won 3. motivated, regularly 4. referring 5. longest, To be 6. making, boredom, after 7. rode 8. of; flew 9. borrowed 10. where 11. passed, were used 12. riding, appealing 13. have matured, whatever 五、长难句分析 Between the girl making my achievement seem small and the pure boredom of jogging, I decided that the only reason I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me! 【翻译】那个女孩让我觉得自己的成就微不足道，加上慢跑让我感觉无聊，我决定以后再也不跑步了，除非有一只大狗追着我跑！ 【分析】句子的主干为I decided that。Between ...and ... 为介词短语作状语，其中making my achievement seem small为现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰the girl；that 引导的宾语从句中，the reason (that) ... 表示“……的原因/ 理由”。 ( 六三年真题 ) 【2023年新课标I卷完形填空】 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have 41 the course earlier than she did. Her 42 came because she was carrying a 43 across the finish line. As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her 44 when a runner in front of her began crying in pain. She 45 to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue. Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with 46 . She couldn’t. Bailey then 47 to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 500 feet to where Lenoue could get 48 attention. Once there, Lenoue was 49 and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees. She would have struggled with extreme 50 to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey’s help. As for Bailey, she is more 51 about why her act is considered a big 52 . “She was just crying. I couldn’t 53 her,” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing.” Although the two young women were strangers before the 54 , they’ve since become friends. Neither won the race, but the 55 of human kindness won the day. 41. A. designed B. followed C. changed D. finished 42. A. delay B. chance C. trouble D. excuse 43. A. judge B. volunteer C. classmate D. competitor 44. A. race B. school C. town D. training 45. A. agreed B. returned C. stopped D. promised 46. A. courage B. aid C. patience D. advice 47. A. went away B. stood up C. stepped aside D. bent down 48. A. medical B. public C. constant D. equal 49. A. interrupted B. assessed C. identified D. appreciated 50. A. hunger B. pain C. cold D. tiredness 51. A. worried B. ashamed C. confused D. discouraged 52. A. game B. problem C. lesson D. deal 53. A. leave B. cure C. bother D. understand 54. A. ride B. test C. meet D. show 55. A. secret B. display C. benefit D. exchange 【答案】41. D42. A43. D44. A45. C46. B47. D48. A49. B50. B51. C52. D53. A54. C55. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是在明尼苏达州举行的一次越野赛中，Melanie Bailey背着另一个参赛者Danielle Lenoue过终点线并接受医疗检查的善行义举。 41.考查动词词义辨析。句意：Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛。A. designed设计；B. followed跟随；C. changed改变；D. finished完成。根据下一段的“carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 500 feet to where Lenoue could get ____48____ attention”可知，Bailey在比赛中背一名参赛者，所以完成比赛晚了，因此句子表示“Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛”。故选D。 42.考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。A. delay延误；B. chance机会；C. trouble麻烦；D. excuse借口。根据上文“Melanie Bailey should have ____41____ the course earlier than she did”和上一题的解析可知，Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛，她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。故选A。 43.考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的延迟是因为她背着一名参赛者冲过终点线。A. judge裁判；B. volunteer志愿者；C. classmate同学；D. competitor参赛者。根据第一段的“hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race”可知，她是背着一名参赛者冲过终点线。故选D。 44.考查名词词义辨析。句意：据当地一家报纸报道，当Bailey跑到比赛的三分之二多的时候，她前面的一名选手开始痛苦地哭泣。A. race比赛；B. school学校；C. town城镇；D. training训练。根据第一段的“hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race”可知，此处是说“当Bailey跑到比赛的三分之二多的时候”。故选A。 45，考查动词词义辨析。句意：她停下来帮助她的同伴Danielle Lenoue。A. agreed同意；B. returned回来；C. stopped停止；D. promised答应。根据下文“to help her fellow runner”可知，她停下来帮助她的同伴Danielle Lenoue。故选C。 46，考查名词词义辨析。句意：Bailey扶着她的胳膊，看看她能否帮助下向前走。A. courage勇气；B. aid帮助；C. patience耐心；D. advice建议。根据上文“Bailey took her arm”可知，此处表示看她是否能在她的帮助下向前走。故选B。 47.考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后Bailey弯下腰，让Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了500英尺，到Lenoue接受治疗的地方。A. went away离开； B. stood up站起来；C. stepped aside让路；D. bent down弯腰。根据下文“let Lenoue climb onto her back”可知，Bailey弯下腰，让勒诺爬到她的背上。故选D。 48.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后Bailey弯下腰，让Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了500英尺，到Lenoue接受治疗的地方。A. medical医疗的；B. public公众的；C. constant持续不断的；D. equal平等的。根据上文“began crying in pain”可知，Danielle Lenoue很疼，所以是要接受治疗，medical attention意为“医疗救助”。故选A。 49.考查动词词义辨析。句意：Lenoue在那里接受了检查，后来被送往医院，在那里她得知自己的一个膝盖受了重伤。A. interrupted打断；B. assessed评估；C. identified识别；D. appreciated感激。根据下文“later taken to a hospital”可知，她是先接受了检查，再被送往医院，也就是先接受评估。故选B。 50.考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果没有Bailey的帮助，她可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查站。A. hunger饥饿；B. pain疼痛；C. cold感冒；D. tiredness疲劳。根据第5空前的“began crying in pain”可知，此处表示“如果没有Bailey的帮助，她可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查站”。故选B。 51.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：至于Bailey，她更困惑的是为什么她的行为被认为是一件大事。A. worried担心的；B. ashamed惭愧的；C. confused困惑的；D. discouraged泄气的。根据下文“I feel like I was just doing the right thing”可知，Bailey觉得自己只是做了正确的事情，所以她对她的行为被认为是一件大事感到困惑。故选C。 52.考查名词词义辨析。句意：至于Bailey，她更困惑的是为什么她的行为被认为是一件大事。A. game游戏；B. problem问题；C. lesson课；D. deal交易，局面。根据下文“I feel like I was just doing the right thing”可知，Bailey觉得自己只是做了正确的事情，所以她对她的行为被认为是一件大事感到困惑，a big deal意为“非常重要的事”。故选D。 53.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不能离开她。A. leave离开；B. cure治愈；C. bother打扰；D. understand理解。根据上文“She was just crying”以及Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了500英尺。可知，Bailey看见Lenoue哭喊，所以觉得不能离开她。故选A。 54.考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人，但后来她们成了朋友。A. ride短途旅程；B. test测试；C. meet体育比赛；D. show展示。根据第一段“hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race”及空前的“the two young women were strangers before”可知，当时是一场比赛，句子表示“这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人”。故选C。 55.考查名词词义辨析。句意：两人都没有赢得比赛，但展示出的人类善良赢得了胜利。A. secret秘密；B. display展示；C. benefit利益；D. exchange交换。根据第二段的“let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 500 feet to where Lenoue could get ____48____ attention”可知，Bailey背着一个参赛者过终点，并背她去接受检查，这展示了人类的善良，故选B。 【2022年新课标I卷完形填空】 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B，C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Like many young people, Jessica wants to travel the globe. Unlike most of them, this 25-year-old is doing it 41 . She and her husband have spent the last two years traveling the world, stopping everywhere from Paris to Singapore. It might sound like one long, expensive 42 , but the couple has an unusual way to make their travel 43 . They’re part of a new form of the 44 economy: an online group of house sitters. Throughout their no-cost stays in 45 homes, they feed pets and water plants in the homeowner’s 46 . It’s not all sightseeing. The two travelers carefully 47 their trips, scheduling their days around the pets that are sometimes difficult to 48 . But house sitting also offers a level of 49 they can’t find in a hotel. “It’s like 50 at a friend’s house,” Jessica says. The couple has a high 51 rate in getting accepted as house sitters and they always go beyond the homeowner’s 52 . For Jessica, that means 53 plenty of pictures of happy pets, keeping the house 54 and leaving a nice small gift before heading to the next house. “You want to make the homeowner feel that they made the right 55 ,” she says. 41. A. indoors B. online C. single-handed D. full-time 42. A. game B. service C. vacation D. procedure 45. A. safe B. busy C. helpful D. affordable 44. A. local B. private C. sharing D. agricultural 45. A. strangers’ B. parents’ C. co-workers’ D. neighbors’ 46. A. favor B. defense C. honor D. absence 47. A. plan B. explain C. compare D. complete 48. A. buy B. transport C. choose D. please 49. A. support B. comfort C. control D. attention 50. A. cooking B. staying C. waiting D. studying 51. A. success B. survival C. growth D. unemployment 52. A. budget B. abilities C. expectations D. understanding 53. A. admiring B. donating C. sending D. borrowing 54. A. clean B. open C. simple D. empty 55. A. guess B. decision C. response D. impression 【答案】41-45 DCDCA 46-50 DADBB 51-55 ACCAB 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了Jessica和丈夫通过当看房人来环球旅行的事情。在他们免费住在陌生人家里的过程中，他们会在房主不在的时候喂宠物、给植物浇水。这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很高，他们总是超出房主的预期。 41. D。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：与他们中的大多数人不同，这位45岁的年轻人全职从事这项工作。A. indoors室内；B. online在线的；C. single-handed单手的；D. full-time全职的。根据后文“She and her husband have spent the last two years traveling the world, stopping everywhere from Paris to Singapore.(在过去的两年里，她和她的丈夫周游世界，从巴黎到新加坡都在这里停留)”可知，这位45岁的年轻人全职从事这项工作。故选D。 42. C。考查名词词义辨析。句意：这听起来像是一个漫长而昂贵的假期，但这对夫妇有一种不同寻常的方式让他们的旅行负担得起。A. game游戏；B. service服务；C. vacation假期；D. procedure手续。结合上文可知Jessica在环球旅行，所以是假期。故选C。 43. D。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这听起来像是一个漫长而昂贵的假期，但这对夫妇有一种不同寻常的方式让他们的旅行负担得起。A. safe安全的；B. busy忙碌的；C. helpful有帮助的；D. affordable买的起的。对应上文“It might sound like one long, expensive”指听起来昂贵，但这对夫妇有一种不同寻常的方式让他们的旅行负担得起。故选D。 44. C。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们是共享经济新形式的一部分：在线看房者。A. local当地的；B. private私人的；C. sharing分享；D. agricultural农业的。根据后文“economy: an online group of house sitters”以及提到他们免费住在陌生人家里，可见是共享经济，故选C。 45. A。考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他们免费住在陌生人家里的过程中，他们会在房主不在的时候喂宠物、给植物浇水。A. strangers’陌生人的；B. parents’父母的；C. co-workers’同事的；D. neighbors’邻居的。根据上文可知他们在环球旅行，所以是住在陌生人的家里。故选A。 46. D。考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他们免费住在陌生人家里的过程中，他们会在房主不在的时候喂宠物、给植物浇水。A. favor帮助；B. defense防御；C. honor荣誉；D. absence缺席。根据上文“they feed pets and water plants in the homeowner’s”指在房主不在的时候喂宠物、给植物浇水。故选D。 47. A。考查动词词义辨析。句意：这两位旅行者仔细地计划他们的旅行，围绕着有时很难取悦的宠物安排他们的日子。A. plan计划；B. explain解释；C. compare比较；D. complete完成。根据宾语“their trips”指计划旅行，应用plan。故选A。 48. D。考查动词词义辨析。句意：这两位旅行者仔细地计划他们的旅行，围绕着有时很难取悦的宠物安排他们的日子。A. buy购买；B. transport运输；C. choose选择；D. please取悦。根据上文“the pets that are sometimes difficult to”指某些宠物很难照管，故选D。 49. B。考查名词词义辨析。句意：但照看房子也能提供一种在酒店里找不到的舒适感。A. support支持；B. comfort舒适，安慰；C. control控制；D. attention注意力。结合后文提到像住在朋友家，可见照看房子也能提供一种在酒店里找不到的舒适感。故选B。 50. B。考查动词词义辨析。句意：“这就像住在朋友家一样，”Jessica说。A. cooking烹饪；B. staying停留；C. waiting等待；D. studying学习。根据后文“at a friend’s house”指像呆在朋友家，应用stay at。故选B。 51. A。考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很高，他们总是超出房主的预期。A. success成功；B. survival存活；C. growth生长；D. unemployment失业。根据后文“rate in getting accepted as house sitters”可知此处指他们被接受为看房人的成功率，应用success。故选A。 52. C。考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很高，他们总是超出房主的预期。A. budget预算；B. abilities能力；C. expectations期待；D. understanding理解。上文提到这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很高，是因为他们总是超出房主的预期，所以成功率才高。故选C。 53. C。考查动词词义辨析。句意：对杰西卡来说，这意味着发送大量快乐宠物的照片，保持房子的清洁，在去下一个房子之前留下一份漂亮的小礼物。A. admiring钦佩；B. donating捐赠；C. sending发送；D. borrowing借来。根据后文“plenty of pictures of happy pets”指给房主发送宠物的照片。故选C。 54. A。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对杰西卡来说，这意味着发送大量快乐宠物的照片，保持房子的清洁，在去下一个房子之前留下一份漂亮的小礼物。A. clean干净的；B. open开放的；C. simple简单的；D. empty空的。根据上文可知，他们的职责就是照看房子，所以要保持房子的清洁。故选A。 55. B。考查名词词义辨析。句意：“你要让房主觉得他们做了正确的决定，”她说。A. guess猜测；B. decision决定；C. response反应；D. impression印象。是房主选择了他们当看房人，所以是房主做了正确的决定，故选B。 【2021年新课标I卷完形填空】 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 My life as a tax-paying employed person began in middle school, when, for three whole days, I worked in a baking factory. My best friend Betsy’s father was a manager at Hough Bakeries, which, at Easter time, 41 little bunny (兔子) cakes for all its 42 throughout Cleveland. It happened that the plant downtown needed eight kids for 43 help during our spring break, for which I had no 44 beyond listening to my favorite records. I’d 45 minimum wage. I’d see how a factory 46 . My parents thought all of this was a grand idea and called Betsy’s dad with their 47 . Our 48 in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nose. 49 bunny from the belt. This was 50 than it sounds. 51 a bit and the cakes pile up. As I told my parents at dinner that first night, it was all a little more high-pressure than I’d 52 . Dad 53 . The son of a grocer, he’d spent the summers of his childhood 54 food in Benardsville, New Jersey. This was the sort of work that made you 55 the dollars you earned and respect those who did the work, he told me. 41. A. sold B. ordered C. made D. reserved 42. A. stores B. families C. schools D. citizens 43. A. generous B. financial C. technical D. temporary 44. A. plans B. problems C. excuses D. hobbies 45. A. offer B. earn C. set D. suggest 46. A. worked B. closed C. developed D. survived 47. A. ambition B. permission C. experience D. invitation 48. A. joys B. ideas C. roles D. choices 49. A. Save B. Keep C. Stop D. Remove 50. A. harder B. better C. longer D. cheaper 51. A. Calm down B. Slow down C. Stay on D. Move on 52. A. indicated B. witnessed C. expected D. remembered 53. A. cried B. smiled C. hesitated D. refused 54. A. tasting B. finding C. sharing D. delivering 55. A. withdraw B. donate C. receive D. appreciate 【答案】41-45 CADAB 46-50 ABCDA 51-55 BCBDD 【答案】41. C42. A43. D44. A45. B46. A47. B48. C49. D50. A51. B52. C53. B54. D55. D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了在一次春假时，作者去工厂打工赚钱，感触颇多。父亲认为这种工作不仅能让孩子感谢得到的报酬，而且能够学会尊重那些从事这项工作的人。 41.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我最好的朋友Betsy的父亲是霍夫面包店的经理，在复活节期间，这家面包店为克利夫兰所有商店制作兔子蛋糕。A. sold销售；B. ordered命令；C. made制作；D. reserved预定。根据下文“Our 48 in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nose. 49 bunny from the belt.”可知，这家面包店是制作兔子蛋糕的。故选C。 42.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我最好的朋友Betsy的父亲是霍夫面包店的经理，在复活节期间，这家面包店为克利夫兰所有商店制作兔子蛋糕。A. stores商店；B. families家庭；C. schools学校；D. citizens市民。根据下文“throughout Cleveland”以及常识可知，此处表示这家面包店为克利夫兰所有商店制作兔子蛋糕。故选A。 43.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：春假期间，市中心的工厂需要八个孩子临时帮忙，这段时间我除了听我最喜欢的唱片没有别的计划。A. generous慷慨的；B. financial金融的；C. technical技术的；D. temporary暂时的。根据下文“during our spring break”可知，这是一份临时性的工作。故选D。 44.考查名词词义辨析。句意：春假期间，市中心的工厂需要八个孩子临时帮忙，这段时间我除了听我最喜欢的唱片没有别的计划。A. plans计划；B. problems问题；C. excuses借口；D. hobbies爱好。根据下文“beyond listening to my favorite records”可知，此处表示作者没有其他计划。故选A。 45.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我会挣最低工资。A. offer提供；B. earn挣得；C. set放置；D. suggest建议。根据下文“minimum wage”可知，作者会挣最低工资。故选B。 46.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我会看到工厂是如何运作的。A. worked运作；B. closed关闭；C. developed发展；D. survived幸存。根据上文“I’d see how a factory”可知，此处表示作者可以看到工厂是如何运作的。故选A。 47.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的父母认为这一切都是一个伟大的主意，并打电话给Betsy的父亲，得到了他们的允许。A. ambition抱负；B. permission允许；C. experience经历；D. invitation邀请。根据上文“My parents thought all of this was a grand idea”可知，作者的父母认为这个主意很好，所以他们打电话给Betsy的父亲，得到了他们的允许。故选B。 48.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们在工厂的任务很简单：把蛋糕放在移动的传送带上。A. joys欢乐；B. ideas观点；C. roles任务；D. choices选择。根据下文“Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing ears. Apply icing eyes and nose. 49 bunny from the belt.”可知，此处表示作者在工厂的任务。故选C。 49.考查动词词义辨析。句意：把兔子蛋糕从传送带上拿下来。A. Save节省；B. Keep保持；C. Stop停止；D. Remove移动。根据下文“bunny from the belt.”可知，此处表示把兔子蛋糕从传送带上拿下来。故选D。 50.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这比听起来难多了。A. harder更难的；B. better更好的；C. longer更长的；D. cheaper更便宜的。根据下文“ 51 a bit and the cakes pile up.”可知，这项工作比听起来更难。故选A。 51.考查动词短语辨析。句意：慢一点，蛋糕就堆起来了。A. Calm down平静下来；B. Slow down慢一点；C. Stay on继续停留；D. Move on往前走。根据下文“and the cakes pile up”以及常识可知，速度慢一点，传送带上的蛋糕就会堆积起来。故选B。 52.考查动词词义辨析。句意：正如我在第一晚的晚餐时告诉父母的那样，压力比我预想的要大一点。A. indicated表明；B. witnessed目击；C. expected预料；D. remembered记得。根据上文“This was 50 than it sounds. 51 a bit and the cakes pile up.”可知，工作的实际情况比作者预料的压力更大。故选C。 53.考查动词词义辨析。句意：父亲笑了。A. cried哭；B. smiled微笑；C. hesitated犹豫；D. refused拒绝。根据下文“This was the sort of work that made you 55 the dollars you earned and respect those who did the work, he told me.”可知，作者的父亲看到作者在挣钱的经历中有所感悟和收获，父亲笑了。故选B。 54.考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一个杂货商的儿子，他童年的夏天都在新泽西的贝马兹维尔送食物。A. tasting品尝；B. finding找到；C. sharing分享；D. delivering递送。根据上文“The son of a grocer”可知，作为一个杂货商的儿子，作者的父亲夏天会去送食物。故选D。 55.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他告诉我，这种工作能让你感激得到的报酬，并尊重那些从事这项工作的人。A. withdraw撤退；B. donate捐赠；C. receive收到；D. appreciate感激。根据下文“the dollars you earned”以及常识可知，此处表示感激自己劳动所得的报酬。故选D。 ( 七满分策略 ) 完形填空满分策略 记叙文类完形填空可分为叙事和记人两种形式，它们有几个显著的特点：以一般过去时为主，其他时态为辅；大量使用动词；适当出现直接引语。做题时要注意以下几点： 解题要领 内容解读 抓住文章中心 中心思想有助于明确做题方向，提高针对性。文章题目揭示中心思想；如无题目，抓文章开头结尾，尤其是议论抒情的语句，也可抓住文章的中心。 明确叙述角度 在做题时考生可采用“角色渗透法”，这样有助于走进作者的思维，深入理解文章的含义。 理清写作顺序 记叙文的写作顺序有：顺叙、倒叙、插叙、补叙、分叙，理清写作顺序有助于了解事情发展的来龙去脉，从而更迅速、准确地理解文意。 明确写作要素 弄清记叙文的6要素(5W1H)，即时间(when)、地点(where)、人物(who)、事件(what)、原因(why)、结果(how)，抓住这些写作要素，就基本上抓住了文章的主体。 洞悉写作目的 写作目的是借助叙事、写人或写景来阐明一个道理，给人以启迪或教益。 完形填空六大答题技巧 技巧一：据搭配，知答案 完形填空中，有时会涉及短语，以动词短语为主，偶见介词短语等。解题时，可以通过仔细观察和回忆所学知识，进行有效推断，选择正确答案。 例1. (2020·江苏)Being good at something and having a passion for it are not enough.Success 36 fundamentally on our view of ourselves and of the 37.events in our lives. 36.A.depends B.holds C.keeps D.reflects 【答案】A 【解析】上文提到仅仅擅长某件事并有激情是不够的，由此可知此处意为“成功从根本上取决于(depend on)我们对自己和对生活中所发生事件的看法”。 技巧二：重平行，觅逻辑 文章中的意群总是通过一定的逻辑关系连在一起，特别是并列平行的结构。这些结构要么通过标点符号体现，要么通过并列连词连接。一般来说，这些平行结构所表达的语境是一致的，考生解题时要特别注意这一点。 例2. (2020·全国Ⅰ)One day they’ll 47 and discover that everything they’ve always known about windows is a 48.lie. 47.A.win out B.give up C.wake up D.stand out 【答案】C 【解析】根据空格后的discover可知，此处表示总有一天孩子们会醒悟过来(wake up)。win out终于成功；give up放弃；stand out突出，显眼。 技巧三：破难句，解句意 完形填空的文章中会出现一些长句或难句，而它们往往会影响一些答案的选择。这时就要在理解上下文逻辑关系的基础上有针对性地对句子结构、句子特点进行分析，准确理解句意，明确所填选项在句中的语法功能，从而做出正确判断。 例3. (2020·全国Ⅱ)As he often did，he stopped by the “after work auction(拍卖)” 43 by the Italian police where things 44.found on the trains were sold to the highest bidder. 43.A.attended B.reserved C.cancelled D.run 【答案】D 【解析】根据上文中的auction“拍卖”和下文中的“by the Italian police”可知，此处表示由意大利警方管理(run)的“下班后拍卖会”。attend出席，参加；reserve预订，留出；cancel取消，废除。 技巧四：巧排除，降难度 在掌握文章大意和细节的前提下，考生可以通过试填试题中的选项选出最吻合语境、最衔接语义的选项，这种解题方法被称为“排除错项”。 例4. (2020·浙江)I ran desperately but failed to 45 .It crashed through a wooden fence and disappeared. 45.A.take off B.catch up C.hold back D.get out 【答案】B 【解析】根据上文的ran desperately和下文的拖拉机冲过一个木栅栏然后就不见了可知，作者没能追上(catch up)它。take off起飞；hold back忍住；get out出去。 技巧五：由熟词，知生义 一词多义和熟词生义是近几年高考不断出现的词汇活用现象。备考时应注意单词本义以及根据词根推断单词生僻意义。 例5. (2018·全国Ⅲ)Teresa 56.posted a photo of the chance meeting on a social networking website 57 by the touching words：“What a 58.blessing this young man was to our family！He was so 59 and kind to do this.” 57. A.confirmed B.simplified C.clarified D.accompanied 59. A.smart B.calm C.sweet D.fair 【答案】57. D。 【解析】特雷莎把照片发到了网上，并且配上(accompany)了感人的话语。confirm确认；simplify使简化；clarify澄清。 【答案】59.C。 【解析】 smart聪明的，精明的；calm冷静的；sweet甜的，友好的；fair公平的。根据语境可知，四个选项中与kind并列的是sweet。句意为：他做这件事真是太友好和善良了。 技巧六：词汇复现溯根源 词汇复现指的是某一个词以原词、近义词、同根词、反义词、上义词、下义词(如rose是flower的下义词，flower是rose的上义词)或其他形式重复出现在语篇中。词汇复现是语篇衔接的一个重要手段。值得注意的是：词汇复现作为一种命题风格，近年来越来越受命题者的青睐。我们解答完形填空时，要留心选项中是否有与上下文中的词汇相对应的词，利用词汇复现解题。 例6. 原词复现——在上下文中同一词汇重复出现 一个单词在一个语义场中以同样的词形反复出现，有时兼有词形变化。如：上文中出现了transport与下文中的transportation可以看成是原词复现 (2020·全国Ⅰ)I hate lying to the kids.One day they’ll wake up and discover that everything they’ve always known about windows is a 48 . I wonder if 49.parents should always tell the truth no matter the 50.consequences.I have a very strong 51.fear that the lie we’re telling is doing... 48.A.dream B.lie C.fantasy D.fact 【答案】B 【解析】根据本段第一句中的lying以及下一段第二句中的the lie可知，此处应填lie(谎言)。 例7. 同根词复现——词形变化的词汇复现 (2019·全国Ⅱ)A local farmer told them the dog sounded like one 50 as lost in the local paper.The ad had a 51.phone number for a town in southern Michigan.Ehlers 52.called the number of Jeff and Lisa to tell them he had 53.found their dog. 50.A.predicted B.advertised C.believed D.recorded 【答案】B 【解析】由下一句中的ad可知，此处应选B。advertise登广告。 例8. 同/近义词复现——意思相同、相近的表达方式，或者解释性的词汇复现 (2020·全国Ⅱ)It was signed(签名) “Bonnato” or so he thought，but when he 51.researched it，he only found “Bonnard，” a French 52 he had never heard of.He bought a book and was 53.surprised to find a picture of the artist Pierre Bonnard sitting on the same chair in the same 54.garden as his father’s painting. 52.A.painter B.designer C.author D.actor 【答案】A 【解析】由上文中的Bonnard以及下文中的“find a picture of the artist Pierre Bonnard sitting on the same chair”可知，此处表示一位法国画家(painter)。artist与painter是近义词。designer设计师；author作家；actor演员。 例9. 反义词复现——意思相反或对比性解释的词汇复现 (2019·全国Ⅱ)Ehlers eventually succeeded in coaxing the animal to him. Nervousness and fear were replaced with 49 .It just started licking(舔) Ehlers’ face. 49.A.surprise B.joy C.hesitation D.anxiety 【答案】B 【解析】根据空后内容可知，此处指小狗的紧张和害怕被高兴(joy)所取代了。 技巧七：逻辑关系解疑难 完形填空中主要考查七大逻辑关系：对立关系、并列和递进关系、目的和因果关系、条件关系、时间关系、层次和顺序关系、例证关系。 例10. 并列和递进关系 并列和递进关系常用的标志词和短语有：and，or，neither...nor...，not only...but (also)...，similarly等。 (2019·北京)The students who he’s 15.driven have gone on to become physicians，teachers and engineers，but what they’ve also got out of their time in school is finding a role model and a friend in Wilson.Some students 16 call him “Grandpa”. 16.A.even B.ever C.once D.already 【答案】A 【解析】根据语境，此处表示这些大学生视威尔逊为楷模和朋友，甚至(even)亲切地叫他“爷爷”。 ( 八话题变式-名校好题再练 ) 变式一：个人成长（体育锻炼+才艺比赛+生活磨难） 01（2023·江苏苏州·模拟预测） On the final day of my high school, I was hit in the face with a baseball bat. As my classmate 1 at the ball with all his strength, the bat slipped out of his hands and came flying toward me before 2 me directly between my eyes. I have no memory of the moment of 3 . When I opened my eyes, I saw people 4 at me and running over to help. Shocked and 5 , I was unaware of how severely I had been injured. Shortly after arriving at the local hospital, my body began 6 . I struggled with basic 7 like swallowing and breathing. So the doctors decided the local hospital was 8 to handle the situation and 9 me a helicopter to fly me to a larger hospital. The following months were hard. It felt like everything in my life was a 10 . I had double vision for weeks and I 11 couldn’t see straight. But I was determined not to let my injury get me down. Although the path of recovery was not 12 , I managed to get my life in order. With constant efforts, I even became a college athlete and played professionally to 13 my potential. The experience taught me a 14 lesson: what doesn’t beat you makes you stronger. We all deal with 15 but in the long run, the quality of our lives often depends on the attitude towards setbacks in life. 1. A. aimed B. swung C. pointed D. grabbed 2. A. striking B. interrupting C. wrapping D. embracing 3. A. impression B. image C. invitation D. impact 4. A. laughing B. shouting C. calling D. staring 5. A. bored B. amused C. confused D. disappointed 6. A. taking off B. breaking out C. opening up D. shutting down 7. A. functions B. roles C. rights D. skills 8. A. uninvited B. uninterested C. unmanned D. unequipped 9. A. assisted B. ordered C. commanded D. instructed 10. A. chance B. hit C. mess D. balance 11. A. barely B. literally C. immediately D. purposely 12. A. broad B. traditional C. smooth D. remote 13. A. record B. change C. adopt D. realize 14. A. creative B. critical C. bitter D. cheerful 15. A. challenges B. outcomes C. opportunities D. experiences 【答案】 1. B 2. A 3. D 4. D 5. C 6. D 7. A 8. D 9. B 10. C 11. B 12. C 13. D 14. B 15. A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者不幸被同学的棒球棒击中脸部，伤得非常严重，但是作者努力克服困难，让生活回归正常。作者从这次的经历中学会了积极应对生活的挑战，让自己变得更为强大。 1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我的同学用尽全力击球时，球棒从他手中滑落，飞向我，然后直接打在我的两眼之间。A. aimed瞄准；B. swung朝……打去；C. pointed指向；D. grabbed抓住。根据下文“at the ball with all his strength, the bat slipped out of his hands”可推知，作者的同学在用全力朝棒球打去，然后球棒滑落了。故选B。 2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我的同学用尽全力击球时，球棒从他手中滑落，飞向我，然后直接打在我的两眼之间。A. striking打击；B. interrupting打断；C. wrapping包裹；D. embracing拥抱。根据上文“I was hit in the face with a baseball bat”可知，作者被同学的棒球棒击中。故选A。 3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不记得撞击的那一刻了。A. impression印象；B. image形象；C. invitation邀请；D. impact撞击。根据上文“I was hit in the face with a baseball bat”可知，作者的脸被同学的棒球棒击中，应该是记不得被撞击的那一刻了。故选D。 4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我睁开眼睛时，我看到人们盯着我，跑过来帮忙。A. laughing大笑；B. shouting叫喊；C. calling呼唤；D. staring盯着看。根据上文“When I opened my eyes, I saw people”可知，作者睁开了眼睛，看到的应该是大家都盯着他看。故选D。 5. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我既震惊又困惑，不知道自己伤得有多严重。A. bored无聊的；B. amused逗乐的；C. confused困惑的；D. disappointed失望的。根据下文“I was unaware of how severely I had been injured”可知，作者不知道自己伤得有多严重，所以在那一刻应该是困惑的。故选C。 6. 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：到达当地医院后不久，我的身体开始停止运转。A. taking off起飞；B. breaking out爆发；C. opening up开放；D. shutting down停止运行。根据下文“I struggled with basic”可知，作者行动上遇到了困难，所以应该是身体停止运转。故选D。 7. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：吞咽和呼吸等基本功能都出现了问题。A. functions功能；B. roles角色；C. rights权利；D. skills技能。根据下文“like swallowing and breathing”可知，吞咽和呼吸是身体的基本功能。故选A。 8. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此，医生们认为当地医院没有足够的能力来处理这种情况，于是叫来一架直升机把我送到一家更大的医院。A. uninvited不请自来的；B. uninterested不感兴趣的；C. unmanned无人的；D. unequipped无必备技能的。根据下文“fly me to a larger hospital”可知，作者被运往更大的医院接受治疗，所以本地的医院应该是不具备处理这种情况的能力。故选D。 9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，医生们认为当地医院没有足够的能力来处理这种情况，于是叫来一架直升机把我送到一家更大的医院。A. assisted协助；B. ordered定制；C. commanded命令；D. instructed指示。根据下文“me a helicopter”可推知，医生们应该是为作者叫了一架直升机，ordered“定制”符合语境，order sb. sth.是固定短语，意为“帮某人叫某种服务”。故选B。 10. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：感觉我生活中的一切都陷入了混乱。A. chance机会；B. hit命中；C. mess混乱；D. balance平衡。根据上文“The following months were hard.”可知，接下来的几个月很艰难，所以作者的生活应该是陷入了混乱。故选C。 11. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我有好几个星期的重影，简直看不清东西。A. barely几乎不；B. literally简直；C. immediately立即地；D. purposely故意地。根据上文“I had double vision for weeks”可知，作者有重影，所以此处是强调简直看不清东西。故选B。 12. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然康复的道路并不顺利，但我设法使我的生活恢复正常。A. broad广泛的；B. traditional传统的；C. smooth顺利的；D. remote遥远的。根据上文作者的生活陷入混乱，视力受到严重影响可推知，康复的道路应该并不顺利。故选C。 13. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在不断的努力下，我甚至成为了一名大学运动员和职业球员，以发挥我的潜力。A. record记录；B. change改变；C. adopt采纳；D. realize（充分）发挥。根据下文“my potential”可推知，作者成为了大学运动员和职业球员可以充分发挥潜力。故选D。 14. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这段经历教会了我重要的一课：没有打败你的，会让你更强大。A. creative有创造力的；B. critical重要的；C. bitter痛苦的；D. cheerful开朗的。根据上文作者克服受伤后的困难，让生活恢复正常，并通过努力成为大学运动员和职业球员可推知，作者从这次的经历中学到了很重要的一课。故选B。 15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们都会面对挑战，但从长远来看，我们的生活质量往往取决于我们对待生活中挫折的态度。A. challenges挑战；B. outcomes结果；C. opportunities机会；D. experiences经历。根据下文“the attitude towards setbacks in life”可推知，此处作者说的是面对挑战。故选A。 02（2024·黑龙江大庆·三模） I came to the sport of triathlons late in life. I spent years accompanying my super-fit brother to triathlons and waiting for him on the hot sidelines while he swam, biked and ran for hours. Then a light bulb turned on in my brain. I could 16 , too, instead of suffering intense 17 . Starting with what I knew best, I began swimming. I swam up and down, 18 my54-year-old body that my skills haven’t 19 . Thankfully, muscle memory was 20 , leaving me confident for the first session. For the bike part, cycling wasn’t as enjoyable as I remembered, but I didn’t 21 . Tough as it was, all I cared about was finishing the ride. To exercise for the run, I joined a running group. In the beginning, I could merely run 3 miles, but I kept moving forward. I could 22 achieve the goal in a couple of months. Still, I remained rather 23 . How would I swim 1.2miles, bike 56 miles and then run 13.1 miles in one day? When I carefully 24 my crazy idea to my brother, he jumped on board immediately. The final 25 was painful and the big day eventually arrived this summer. At first, I finished swimming a few minutes ahead of my brother. However, I 26 during the bike ride. After about 22 miles, I stopped, got off my bike and 27 , “I think I’m going to quit.” “You know you won’t let yourself do that”, he replied. 28 , I got back and slowly pedaled (蹬车) to the end. The run was more like a walk. My brother chose to stay with me. The sun burning, we talked, laughed and waved to the 29 . We crossed the finish line together, and a great cheer went up from the crowd. It was a (n) 30 experience for me. 16. A. participate B. innovate C. experiment D. organize 17. A. confusion B. sorrow C. boredom D. awkwardness 18. A. examining B. maintaining C. explaining D. convincing 19. A. improved B. disappeared C. existed D. arrived 20. A. ignored B. regained C. discovered D. repeated 21. A. drop out B. turn around C. get through D. break up 22. A. narrowly B. extremely C. severely D. hardly 23. A. puzzled B. embarrassed C. stressed D. terrified 24. A. brought B. communicated C. contributed D. assigned 25. A. result B. injury C. treatment D. preparation 26. A. quitted B. explored C. struggled D. fled 27. A. reminded B. whispered C. comforted D. persuaded 28. A. Upset B. Astonished C. Relieved D. Determined 29. A. judges B. audience C. staff D. losers 30. A. bittersweet B. heartbreaking C. ongoing D. lifelike 【答案】 16. A 17. C 18. D 19. B 20. B 21. A 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. B 30. A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者一直陪哥哥参加铁人三项比赛。为了不再忍受等待的无聊，作者也决定参加比赛。经历了几个月的艰苦训练，作者勉强能达到目标。可是在比赛的过程中，作者几乎想要退出比赛。后来在哥哥的陪伴下到达了终点。作者感慨这是一次苦乐参半的经历。 16. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我也可以参与其中，而不是忍受极度的无聊。A. participate参与；B. innovate创新；C. experiment试验；D. organize组织。根据下文“Starting with what I knew best, I began swimming.”可知，作者也参与到了这项运动之中。故选A项。 17. 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上题。A. confusion混淆；B. sorrow悲伤；C. boredom无聊；D. awkwardness笨拙。根据上文“waiting for him on the hot sidelines while he swam”可知，在炎热的边线上等他几个小时是很无聊的一件事。故选C项。 18. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我游来游去，让我54岁的身体相信我的技能没有消失。A. examining检查；B. maintaining维持；C. explaining解释；D. convincing使……相信。根据下文“Thankfully, muscle memory was  ____5____ , leaving me confident for the first session.”可知，作者游来游去是为了唤醒肌肉记忆，让自己的身体相信技能没有消失。故选D项。 19. 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上题。A. improved改进；B. disappeared消失；C. existed存在；D. arrived到达。根据下文“Thankfully, muscle memory was  ____5____”可知，作者的技能没有消失。故选B项。 20. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：谢天谢地，肌肉记忆恢复了，让我对第一次治疗充满信心。A. ignored忽略；B. regained恢复；C. discovered发现；D. repeated重复。根据下文“leaving me confident for the first session”可知，作者的肌肉记忆恢复了。故选B项。 21. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：对于自行车部分，骑自行车不像我记忆中的那样愉快，但我没有退出。A. drop out退学，退出；B. turn around转身；C. get through通过；D. break up分手。根据上文“For the bike part, cycling wasn’t as enjoyable as I remembered, but”中的转折以及下文“Tough as it was, all I cared about was finishing the ride”可知，虽然很艰难，作者没有退出。故选A项。 22. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我可以在几个月内勉强达到目标。A. narrowly勉强地；B. extremely极端地；C. severely严重地；D. hardly几乎不。根据下文“Still, I remained rather  ____8___”中Still可知，作者能勉强完成这项运动。故选A项。 23. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，我仍然相当紧张。A. puzzled困惑的；B. embarrassed尴尬的；C. stressed受压的；D. terrified极度惊慌的。下文“How would I swim 1.2miles, bike 56 miles and then run 13.1 miles in one day?”可知，作者还是很担心，压力很大。根据故选C项。 24. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我小心翼翼地把我的疯狂想法告诉我哥哥时，他立即同意了。A. brought带来；B. communicated交流；C. contributed贡献；D. assigned分配。根据下文“he jumped on board immediately”可知，作者把这个想法告诉他的哥哥，和哥哥商量，然后哥哥非常同意他参加这个项目。故选B项。 25. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后的准备是痛苦的，这个大日子终于在今年夏天到来了。A. result结果；B. injury损伤；C. treatment治疗；D. preparation准备。根据下文“big day eventually arrived this summer”可知，比赛的日子之前的都是在做准备。故选D项。 26. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，在骑自行车的过程中我一直在挣扎。A. quitted放弃；B. explored探索；C. struggled挣扎、吃力；D. fled逃离。根据下文“At first, I finished swimming a few minutes ahead of my brother. However”可知，之前有用很顺利，However转折之后说明骑自行车作者很吃力。故选C项。 27. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：大约22英里后，我停下来，从自行车上下来，小声说：“我想我要退出。”A. reminded提醒；B. whispered低声说；C. comforted安慰；D. persuaded说服。根据下文“I think I’m going to quit”可知，作者此时产生了思想动摇，这是对自己说的话。故选B项。 28. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：下定决心后，我回来了，慢慢地踩到底。A. Upset心烦意乱的；B. Astonished吃惊的；C. Relieved释然的；D. Determined有决心的。根据下文“I got back”可知，作者没有退出，下定决心继续比赛。故选D项。 29. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：烈日炎炎，我们谈笑风生，向观众挥手致意。A. judges法官；B. audience观众；C. staff工作人员；D. losers失败者。根据常识以及下文“a great cheer went up from the crowd”可知，运动员向观众挥手。故选B项。 30. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，这是一次苦乐参半的经历。A. bittersweet苦乐参半的；B. heartbreaking令人心碎的；C. ongoing正在进行的；D. lifelike栩栩如生的。前文作者想放弃比赛后来又再哥哥的陪伴下坚持了下来，可知，作者的比赛过程是有喜有忧。故选A项。 03（2024·贵州遵义·二模） Lying in my hospital bed, I was flicking through (快速转换) the channels when I suddenly paused. Muscular women were competing in a body sculpting competition on the 31 . “Wow, they are 32 ,” I thought in amazement. It was 2004, and I’d been hospitalized with asthma, which gave me the desire to 33 a more healthy lifestyle. I didn’t know how to exercise correctly and found it hard to 34 healthy diets. But now at 49, it was time for a 35 . Therefore, the day after I left the hospital, I joined the gym with one 36 : to look like the women I’d seen on TV. The first sessions were so 37 that I could barely walk back down the stairs afterwards. But I kept 38 for several hours, four days a week, slowly building my strength. After six months of training, I 39 my first competition—Masters Over Forty. Standing on the stage, my heart nearly leapt from my chest when they 40 I was the winner. Over the next 14 years, I 41 35 titles in body sculpting competitions worldwide. During this time, I decided to use my experience to help other women over 40 achieve their 42 goals. I became a personal trainer and wrote a book to help people eat 43 food during their training. With the right diet, everyone can stay healthy and strong longer. I know many older women have never been in the 44 or picked up a weight. But it’s never too 45 to make changes. 31. A. screen B. bed C. way D. mind 32. A. intelligent B. reliable C. wealthy D. incredible 33. A. abandon B. continue C. adopt D. alter 34. A. mix up B. stick to C. show off D. put aside 35. A. rest B. celebration C. chat D. change 36. A. suggestion B. goal C. order D. bonus 37. A. hard B. dull C. ridiculous D. dangerous 38. A. staying up B. standing by C. working out D. passing out 39. A. organized B. sponsored C. hosted D. entered 40. A. announced B. whispered C. predicted D. assumed 41. A. witnessed B. lost C. defended D. won 42. A. career B. fitness C. education D. finance 43. A. tasty B. fresh C. appropriate D. abundant 44. A. gym B. hospital C. session D. building 45. A. soon B. young C. late D. fun 【答案】 31. A 32. D 33. C 34. B 35. D 36. B 37. A 38. C 39. D 40. A 41. D 42. B 43. C 44. A 45. C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者因哮喘激发了对健康生活的渴望，决心改变。出院后开始健身并设定了目标，最终取得了成功。作者还努力帮助40岁以上女性实现健身目标，证明无论年龄多大，通过正确饮食和锻炼，都能拥有健康体魄。 31. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：肌肉发达的女性在屏幕上参加塑形比赛。A. screen屏幕；B. bed床；C. way方式；D. mind头脑。根据上文“Lying in my hospital bed, I was flicking through (快速转换) the channels when I suddenly paused.”可知，作者正在看电视浏览各个频道，所以此处表示肌肉发达的女性在屏幕上参加塑形比赛。故选A。 32. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“哇，它们太不可思议了，”我惊讶地想。A. intelligent聪明的；B. reliable可靠的；C. wealthy富有的；D. incredible难以置信的。根据下文“I thought in amazement”可知，作者感觉惊讶，所以此处表示她们是令人难以置信的。故选D。 33. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那是2004年，我因哮喘住院，这让我渴望采用更健康的生活方式。A. abandon放弃；B. continue继续；C. adopt采用；D. alter改变。根据下文“a more healthy lifestyle”以及语境可知，作者渴望采用更健康的生活方式。故选C。 34. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我不知道如何正确锻炼，发现很难坚持健康饮食。A. mix up混合B. stick to坚持；C. show off炫耀；D. put aside放在一边。根据上文“I didn’t know how to exercise correctly and found it hard to”可推知，作者面临困难，不知道如何正确锻炼，发现坚持健康饮食很困难。故选B。 35. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是现在49岁了，是时候改变了。A. rest休息；B. celebration庆祝；C. chat聊天；D. change改变。根据下文“Therefore, the day after I left the hospital, I joined the gym with one  ___6___  : to look like the women I’d seen on TV.”可知，作者虽然49岁了，但是现在是时候改变了。故选D。 36. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，在我离开医院的第二天，我带着一个目标加入了健身房：让自己看起来像电视上看到的女人。A. suggestion建议；B. goal目标；C. order命令；D. bonus奖金。根据下文“to look like the women I’d seen on TV”可知，此处表示这是作者锻炼的目标。故选B。 37. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第一阶段太难了，以至于后来我几乎不能走下楼梯。A. hard困难的；B. dull乏味的；C. ridiculous荒谬的；D. dangerous危险的。根据下文“that I could barely walk back down the stairs afterwards”可知，作者几乎不能走下楼梯，由此可知，此处表示第一阶段非常困难。故选A。 38. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：但是我坚持锻炼几个小时，每周四天，慢慢地增强我的力量。A. staying up熬夜；B. standing by站在一边；C. working out锻炼；D. passing out分发。根据下文“slowly building my strength”可知，此处表示作者坚持锻炼，慢慢增强力量。故选C。 39. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：经过六个月的训练，我参加了我的第一场比赛——四十岁以上大师赛。A. organized组织；B. sponsored赞助；C. hosted举办；D. entered进入。根据下文“my first competition—Masters Over Forty. Standing on the stage, my heart nearly leapt from my chest when they  ___10___  I was the winner.”可知，此处表示作者参加了第一场比赛。故选D。 40. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：站在舞台上，当他们宣布我是获胜者时，我的心几乎要跳出胸膛。A. announced宣布；B. whispered低声说；C. predicted预测；D. assumed假设。根据下文“I was the winner”以及常识可知，比赛结束时，会宣布比赛的获胜者。故选A。 41. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的14年里，我在世界各地的塑形比赛中赢得了35个冠军。A. witnessed目睹；B. lost丢失；C. defended保卫；D. won赢得。根据下文“35 titles in body sculpting competitions worldwide”可知，此处表示作者赢得了35个冠军。故选D。 42. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在此期间，我决定用我的经验帮助其他40岁以上的女性实现健身目标。A. career事业；B. fitness健身；C. education教育；D. finance财政。根据上文“I  ___11___  35 titles in body sculpting competitions worldwide. During this time, I decided to use my experience to help other women over 40 achieve their”以及语境可知，作者的健身很成功，所以此处表示作者决定用自己的经验帮助其他人实现健身目标。故选B。 43. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我成为了一名私人教练，并写了一本书来帮助人们在训练期间吃合适的食物。A. tasty可口的；B. fresh新鲜的；C. appropriate合适的；D. abundant丰富的。根据下文“food during their training. With the right diet,”可知，此处表示在训练期间吃合适的食物。故选C。 44. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我知道许多年纪较大的女性从未去过健身房，也从未增重过。A. gym健身房；B. hospital医院；C. session会议，学年；D. building建筑物。根据上文“Therefore, the day after I left the hospital, I joined the gym with one  ___6___  : to look like the women I’d seen on TV.”以及下文“or picked up a weight”可知，此处表示许多年纪较大的女性从未去过健身房或者增重。故选A。 45. 考查形容词和副词词义辨析。句意：但是做出改变永远不会太迟。A. soon不久；B. young年轻的；C. late迟的，晚的；D. fun有趣的。根据下文“to make changes”以及语境可知，此处表示做出改变永远不会太迟。故选C。 04（2024·河北沧州·三模） When I was five, my parents began to place me in a variety of different sports. The first 46 was gymnastics, which was a complete 47 . The second was track and field. Track was fun at first, I actually liked to run and I was pretty fast. When I joined the team, the 48 was going to begin soon, only giving me three weeks to 49 for my first track meet. I 50 for a while and then the day of the track meet arrived. Arriving at the stadium I was 51 to see how huge it looked. Before my race I did my warm ups while watching the other kids run their races with a few hundred audience. The 52 of the stadium was something I never felt before. While 53 the starting line to run the 400m dash, I started to feel 54 ! At the starting line, we sat there silently waiting for the gun to 55 . In that silence I continued to 56 myself and I felt like I was going to win. The gun finally shot and racers began a(n) 57 dash to the finish line. The first 100 meters I was doing great. Then came the 200m mark, and my legs were dying. I was slowing down still trying to run. Alone 58 I was on the track, I still walked to finish line. When seeing my mother, I burst into tears. That race was probably the most 59 one in my life. Even though I gave up running track and field, I am grateful for what I experienced when I was 5 because it 60 me who I am today. 46. A. game B. activity C. variety D. class 47. A. joke B. failure C. mess D. change 48. A. season B. sport C. training D. track 49. A. account B. answer C. apply D. prepare 50. A. trained B. hesitated C. waited D. considered 51. A. disappointed B. shocked C. interested D. moved 52. A. noise B. condition C. situation D. atmosphere 53. A. approaching B. recognizing C. appreciating D. finding 54. A. confident B. anxious C. nervous D. content 55. A. turn out B. go off C. break off D. set out 56. A. warn B. balance C. encourage D. enjoy 57. A. specific B. usual C. attractive D. mad 58. A. since B. though C. while D. unless 59. A. terrifying B. convincing C. challenging D. annoying 60. A. provided B. persuaded C. made D. inspired 【答案】 46. B 47. B 48. A 49. D 50. A 51. B 52. D 53. A 54. C 55. B 56. C 57. D 58. B 59. A 60. C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要介绍了作者5岁时一次可怕的田径赛跑经历。 46. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：第一中运动是体操，完全失败了。A. game比赛，运动；B. activity活动；C. variety多样性，种类；D. class班级。根据上文“a variety of different sports”可知，此处是说运动，故选B。 47. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. joke玩笑；B. failure失败；C. mess混乱；D. change改变。下文“The second was track and field.”提到作者又参加了田径项目，故体操应是失败了，故选B。 48. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我加入球队时，赛季即将开始，我只有三周的时间来准备我的第一次田径运动会。A. season季节，赛季；B. sport运动；C. training训练；D. track轨道，跑道。根据下文“my first track meet”可知，赛季即将开始，故选A。 49. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. account认为是；B. answer回答；C. apply申请；D. prepare准备。根据空后“for my first track meet”可知，此处指为第一次田径运动会作准备，故选D。 50. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我训练了一段时间，然后田径运动会的日子到了。A. trained训练；B. hesitated犹豫；C. waited等待；D. considered考虑。根据“then the day of the track meet arrived”可知，在田径运动会开始前，作者应是为此训练作准备，故选A。 51. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：到达体育场后，我对它的巨大感到震惊。A. disappointed失望的；B. shocked震惊的；C. interested感兴趣的；D. moved感动的。根据“how huge it looked”可知，体育场很大，作者感到震惊，故选B。 52. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：球场的气氛是我以前从未感受过的。A. noise噪音；B. condition条件；C. situation状况；D. atmosphere氛围。上文“watching the other kids run their races with a few hundred audience.”作者提到观看其他运动员赛跑以及观众，故此处是说现场的氛围，故选D。 53. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在接近400米短跑的起跑线时，我开始感到紧张！A. approaching接近；B. recognizing认识；C. appreciating欣赏，感激；D. finding发现。根据“the starting line to run the 400m dash”可知，此处指接近起跑线准备开始比赛，故选A。 54. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. confident自信的；B. anxious焦虑的；C. nervous紧张的；D. content满意的。结合语境可知，比赛即将开始，作者应是感到紧张，故选C。 55. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：在起跑线上，我们静静地坐在那里等着发令枪响。A. turn out原来是，结果是；B. go off开火，突然发出巨响；C. break off断开；D. set out动身，出发。根据“At the starting line”可知，在起跑线上应是等待枪响，下文“The gun finally shot”也有提示，故选B。 56. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这种沉默中，我继续鼓励自己，我觉得我要赢了。A. warn警告；B. balance平衡；C. encourage鼓励；D. enjoy喜欢，享受。根据“I felt like I was going to win”可知，作者一直鼓励自己，感觉就像要赢了，故选C。 57. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：枪终于响了，选手们开始疯狂地冲向终点线。A. specific具体的；B. usual通常的；C. attractive有吸引力的；D. mad疯狂的。根据“dash to the finish line”以及语境可知，比赛开始，选手应是疯狂冲向终点，故选D。 58. 考查连词词义辨析。句意：虽然我独自一人在跑道上，但我还是走到了终点。A. since自从，因为；B. though尽管；C. while当……时，尽管；D. unless除非。结合句意可知，此处表示让步且是倒装句，用though引导，while引导的让步状语从句不能使用倒装，故选B。 59. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那场比赛可能是我一生中最可怕的一次。A. terrifying可怕的；B. convincing令人信服的；C. challenging有挑战性的；D. annoying烦人的。根据上文提到作者独自走到终点以及“When seeing my mother, I burst into tears.(当我看到妈妈时，我突然哭了起来)”可知，这次比赛是一次可怕的经历，故选A。 60. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管我放弃了田径运动，但我很感激我5岁时的经历，因为它造就了今天的我。A. provided提供；B. persuaded说服；C. made使变得，使成为；D. inspired鼓舞。根据“me who I am today”可知，此处指“它让我变成了现在的样子”，故选C。 05（2024·山东·模拟预测） Born with no right leg, Anthony Robles, one of the best wrestlers in the NCAA, started wrestling when he was in high school. When his cousin first 61 him to wrestling, Robles wasn’t a/an 62 . However, he gradually fell in love with it and he has been doing it ever since . While some people might have 63 his decision to take on the sport, his family was a huge 64 of support and encouragement. He said: “They 65 in me from a young age that I could do whatever I 66 my mind to. “They didn’t give me any special 67 . They raised me like others.” While the physical aspects of the sport seemed to be the most challenging part, at one point Robles realized he needed to be 68 tougher. After 69 seventh at nationals in his junior year, he took a 70 from wrestling for a little while. He said. “I was 71 . That really just helped me to mentally get back to the sport.” Then came the last match. Robles was so scared that he was almost starting to cry. When he defeated defending national champion 7-1, the 72 were quite different. “I couldn’t even 73 it.” He said, “It was just a great experience.” Now Robles is ready for the next page in his life, “I really want to help other people achieve things in their lives that others might say are 74 .” Robles plans to put his amazing attitude and energy to 75 as a motivational (激励) speaker. 61. A. showed B. recommended C. introduced D. attracted 62. A. partner B. fan C. master D. audience 63. A. questioned B. admired C. honored D. affected 64. A. amount B. source C. flood D. supply 65. A. planted B. breathed C. delivered D. registered 66. A. exchange B. improve C. bury D. apply 67. A. effect B. credit C. confidence D. treatment 68. A. gradually B. obviously C. formally D. mentally 69. A. succeeding B. going C. finishing D. becoming 70. A. break B. job C. bus D. flight 71. A. cut out B. left out C. stressed out D. checked out 72. A. decisions B. emotions C. approaches D. goals 73. A. impressed B. concentrated C. design D. believe 74. A. useless B. extra C. confusing D. impossible 75. A. rest B. place C. use D. test 【答案】 61. C 62. B 63. A 64. B 65. A 66. D 67. D 68. D 69. C 70. A 71. C 72. B 73. D 74. D 75. C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了美国大学生体育协会最好的摔跤手之一Anthony Robles的励志故事。 61. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他的表弟第一次向他介绍摔跤时，Robles并不喜欢。A. showed展示；B. recommended推荐；C. introduced介绍；D. attracted吸引。结合“first”及语境可知，此处指别人第一次向他介绍摔跤，故选C。 62. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. partner同伴；B. fan迷，狂热爱好者；C. master大师；D. audience观众。根据下文的转折“However, he gradually fell in love with it”可知，此处表示他并不是摔跤迷，即他并不喜欢摔跤，故选B。 63. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然有些人可能会质疑他从事这项运动的决定，但他的家人是支持和鼓励的巨大来源。A. questioned质询，怀疑；B. admired钦佩；C. honored尊敬，尊重；D. affected影响。结合While表示的转折意义以及下文“support and encouragement”可知，此处指别人质疑他的决定，故选A。 64. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. amount数量；B. source来源；C. flood洪水；D. supply供应。结合“his family”以及“support and encouragement”可知，此处指他的家人支持和鼓励他，即支持和鼓励来源于他的家人，故选B。 65. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他说：“他们在我很小的时候就告诉我，我可以做任何我想做的事。”A. planted(使思想、信念等)根植于；B. breathed呼吸；C. delivered递送；D. registered登记，注册。结合语境及“from a young age”可知，此处指小时候父母教导Robles，故选A。 66. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. exchange交换；B. improve提高，改善；C. bury埋葬；D. apply申请。上文提到家人支持和鼓励他，结合“I could do whatever”可知，此处指“我可以做任何我想做的事”，固定搭配apply one’s mind to“专心于”，故选D。 67. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们没有给我任何特殊对待。A. effect影响；B. credit信誉；C. confidence自信；D. treatment对待。根据下文“They raised me like others.”可知，虽然Robles天生残疾，但是父母并没有对他区别对待，故选D。 68. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：虽然这项运动的身体方面似乎是最具挑战性的部分，但Robles一度意识到他需要在精神上更坚强。A. gradually逐渐地；B. obviously明显地；C. formally正式地；D. mentally精神上。此处和上文“physical aspects”形成对比，指精神方面，故选D。 69. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：大三时，他在全国比赛中获得第七名，之后他暂时放弃了摔跤。A. succeeding成功；B. going去；C. finishing(赛跑、竞赛)得……名，获得……成绩；D. becoming变成。根据“seventh at nationals”可知，此处指在全国比赛中获得第七名，故选C。 70. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. break休息；B. job工作；C. bus公交车；D. flight航班。根据下文“get back to the sport”可知，他暂时休息一段时间，故选A。 71. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他说：“我压力很大。”A. cut out切断；B. left out遗漏，省略；C. stressed out有压力的；D. checked out退房。根据上文“Robles realized he needed to be ____8____ tougher”以及下文“That really just helped me to mentally get back to the sport.(这真的帮助我在精神上重新回到这项运动中)”可知，他精神压力很大，故选C。 72. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他以7比1击败卫冕冠军时，情绪截然不同。A. decisions决定；B. emotions情绪；C. approaches方法；D. goals目标。根据上文“Robles was so scared”可知，Robles很害怕，结合下文“It was just a great experience.(这是一次很棒的经历)”可知，他的情绪变得不同，故选B。 73. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我简直不敢相信。”他说：“这是一次很棒的经历。”A. impressed给……留下深刻印象；B. concentrated集中；C. design设计；D. believe相信。根据上文“Robles was so scared that he was almost starting to cry.”可知，Robles害怕得几乎要哭了，结合下文“It was just a great experience.(这是一次很棒的经历)”可知，此处指简直不敢相信，故选D。 74. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在，Robles已经准备好翻开人生的新篇章，“我真的很想帮助别人实现那些别人可能认为不可能实现的事情。”A. useless无用的；B. extra额外的；C. confusing令人困惑的；D. impossible不可能的。结合上文“While some people might have ____3____ his decision to take on the sport”可知，别人曾经质疑他从事摔跤运动的决定，故此处指“别人可能认为不可能实现的事情”，故选D。 75. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一名励志演说家，Robles计划利用他惊人的态度和精力。A. rest休息；B. place地方；C. use使用；D. test测试。结合上文“I really want to help other people achieve things…”可知，Robles想要帮助人们，故此处指利用他惊人的态度和精力去做演讲，固定搭配put…to use“利用，把……投入使用”，故选C。 06（2024·河南·模拟预测） Can you imagine the power of a father? On Sept.17, 2022, a man and his son 76 to begin the first of three legs of the Ironman competition in Cambridge. Jeff Agar, 59, and his son, Johnny Agar, weren’t the 77 participants. Johnny has suffered from a brain disease and finds difficulty in 78 . Consequently, throughout the race, Jeff would 79 as Johnny’s, arms and legs. The race began with a 2.4-mile swim in a river. With one end of a rope 80 around his back and the other to a kayak (皮艇) with Johnny in, Jeff 81 into the water. Swimming while dragging another person is 82 enough. The pair completed the swim in 90 minutes, and here came the next 83 : a 112-mile bicycle ride. Their special bike has an additional seat in the back for Johnny that 84 backward, which made it easier to observe and cheer on other 85 behind. After roughly nine hours, they set their sights on the final leg — a 26.2-mile marathon with Jeff 86 Johnny in the racing chair. 87 , Jeff and Johnny managed to pick up the pace. With only 200 feet to the finish line, Jeff 88 to help Johnny out of his racing chair. After years of tough 89 , Johnny was determined to finish the last part of the race on his own. Eventually, the 90 pair crossed the finish line together. As the crowd. cheered loudly, the tired Jeff just kept a low profile. “He didn’t want his finish line moment,” says Johnny. “He wanted it to be mine.” 76. A. broke out B. set out C. picked up D. stood up 77. A. official B. particular C. occasional D. typical 78. A. sleeping B. speaking C. walking D. understanding 79. A. expect B. appear C. treat D. act 80. A. tied B. stuck C. decorated D. adapted 81. A. fell B. sailed C. jumped D. drowned 82. A. challenging B. interesting C. fascinating D. inspiring 83. A. measure B. routine C. means D. leg 84. A. leans B. reflects C. faces D. moves 85. A. representatives B. competitors C. applicants D. travelers 86. A. pushing B. approaching C. monitoring D. informing 87. A. Unfortunately B. Generally C. Unbelievably D. Obviously 88. A. stopped B. forced C. pretended D. happened 89. A. researching B. training C. communication D. separation 90. A. heart-broken B. good-natured C. well-known D. strong-willed 【答案】 76. B 77. D 78. C 79. D 80. A 81. C 82. A 83. D 84. C 85. B 86. A 87. C 88. A 89. B 90. D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了59岁的杰夫·艾格和他的儿子约翰尼·艾格一起参加铁人三项比赛的经过。 76. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：2022年9月17日，一名男子和他的儿子在剑桥开始了铁人三项比赛的第一站。A. broke out爆发；B. set out出发；C. picked up捡起；D. stood up站起来。根据后文“to begin the first of three legs of the Ironman competition in Cambridge”可知，此处指父子俩开始比赛。故选B。 77. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：59岁的杰夫·艾格和他的儿子约翰尼·艾格并不是典型的参与者。A. official正式的；B. particular特定的；C. occasional偶尔的；D. typical典型的。根据后文“ Johnny has suffered from a brain disease and finds difficulty in___3___.”可知，儿子患有残疾，所以俩人是特殊的参与者，即不是典型的参与者。故选D。 78. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：约翰尼患有脑部疾病，走路有困难。A. sleeping睡觉；B. speaking说话；C. walking散步，走路；D. understanding理解。根据后文“as Johnny’s arms and legs”可知，儿子行走有困难。故选C。 79. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，在整个比赛过程中，杰夫总是扮演约翰尼的胳膊和腿。A. expect预期；B. appear出现；C. treat治疗；D. act行动。根据后文“as Johnny’s arms and legs”可知，此处指父亲担任儿子的胳膊和腿，短语act as表示“担任”。故选D。 80. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：杰夫把绳子的一端系在背上，另一端系在约翰尼坐着的皮艇上，跳进了水里。A. tied系；B. stuck粘；C. decorated装饰；D. adapted改编。根据上文“a rope”以及后文“around his back and the other to a kayak with Johnny in”此处指杰夫把绳子的一端系在背上，另一端系在约翰尼坐着的皮艇上。故选A。 81. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：杰夫把绳子的一端系在背上，另一端系在约翰尼坐着的皮艇上，跳进了水里。A. fell落下；B. sailed航行；C. jumped跳跃；D. drowned淹死。根据后文“into the water”可知，父亲拉着儿子跳入了水里，故选C。 82. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：拖着另一个人游泳已经足够具有挑战性了。A. challenging挑战性的；B. interesting有趣的；C. fascinating迷人的；D. inspiring鼓舞人心的。根据上文“Swimming while dragging another person is”以及常识可知，拖着另一个人游泳是有挑战性的。故选A。 83. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：两人在90分钟内游完了全程，接下来是112英里的自行车之旅。A. measure措施；B. routine常规；C. means方式；D. leg(旅程或赛程的)一段。根据后文“a 112-mile bicycle ride”可知，指他们要进行接下来的一段比赛了，leg表示“（旅程或赛程的）一段，一程”。故选D。 84. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们的特殊自行车在后面为约翰尼增加了一个面向后的座位，这使得他更容易观察和为后面的其他竞争者加油。A. leans倚靠；B. reflects反思；C. faces面对；D. moves移动。根据后文“which made it easier to observe and cheer on other…behind”可知，能够为后面的选手加油说明座位面向后面的。故选C。 85. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的特殊自行车在后面为约翰尼增加了一个面向后的座位，这使得他更容易观察和为后面的其他竞争者加油。A. representatives代表；B. competitors对手；C. applicants申请者；D. travelers旅行者。根据上文“cheer on other”以及他们在比赛，所以是为其他竞争对手加油。故选B。 86. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：大约9个小时后，他们把目光投向了最后一段比赛——一场26.2英里的马拉松比赛，杰夫推着约翰尼坐在比赛椅上。A. pushing推；B. approaching靠近；C. monitoring监督；D. informing通知。根据后文“Johnny in the racing chair”可知，儿子坐在椅子上，父亲推着他。故选A。 87. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：令人难以置信的是，杰夫和约翰尼设法加快了步伐。A. Unfortunately不幸地；B. Generally通常；C. Unbelievably难以置信地；D. Obviously显然。根据后文“Jeff and Johnny managed to pick up the pace.”可知，在父亲推着儿子的情况下，他们的速度还比之前快，这是令人难以置信的。故选C。 88. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在离终点线只有200英尺的时候，杰夫停下来帮助约翰尼从他的比赛椅上下来。A. stopped停止；B. forced迫使；C. pretended假装；D. happened发生。根据后文“to help Johnny out of his racing chair”指父亲在离终点线只有200英尺的时候，帮助约翰尼从他的比赛椅上下来。故选A。 89. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过多年的艰苦训练，约翰尼决心自己跑完比赛的最后一段。A. researching研究；B. training训练；C. communication交流；D. separation分开。根据上文“After years of tough”可知，他们能参加比赛是经过了多年的艰苦训练。故选B。 90. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最终，这对意志坚强的搭档一起冲过了终点线。A. heart-broken心碎的；B. good-natured和蔼的；C. well-known著名的；D. strong-willed意志力坚强的。根据后文“pair crossed the finish line together”可知，他们经历了重重困难，一起冲过了终点线。由此可知，他们是意志坚强的。故选D。 变式二：完形填空词语复现五大技巧 考点一：原词复现 例1. 【2022•全国甲】When I first dated Steve, I learned he had a dog, Molly, and a cat, Flora. While I was thrilled that he was an animal lover, I worried that three dogs were perhaps too many, and my dogs might attack 46 the cat. 46. A. Flora B. Chance C. Molly D. Tilly 【解析】 46. A。虽然我很高兴他是一个动物爱好者，但我担心三条狗可能太多了，我的狗可能会攻击猫Flora。根据上文的“he had a dog, Molly, and a car, Flora (他有一条名叫Molly的狗和一只名叫Flora的猫)”可知，此处指作者担心自己的狗可能会攻击史蒂夫的猫Flora。故选A。 提醒：Flora—Flora原词复现 例2. 【2022·新高考I卷】My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years. Some of our memories are funny, especially from the early years when our children were little. Once, we 22 along Chalk Creek. 22. A. camped B. drove C. walked D. cycled 【解析】22. A。考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一次，我们沿着白垩溪露营。A. camped露营；B. drove开车；C. walked散步；D. cycled骑自行车。根据上文“My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years.”可知，此处指作者与家人一起在溪边露营。故选A。 提醒：camping ---camped原词复现 考点二：同义词复现 例3. 【2018·全国卷】 When most of us get a text message on our cell phone from an unknown person, we usually say “sorry, 41(wrong) number！” and move on. But when Dennis Williams 42 a text that clearly wasn't intended for him, he did something 43(special). 42. A.received B. translated C. copied D. printed 【解析】42. A。根据文章第一句When most of us get a text message on our cell phone from an unknown person可以推知，他接到了电话。A. received收到；B. translated翻译；C. copied复制；D. printed印刷。本题可以利用语义复现解题。第42空是上文“get”的同义词复现，故选A。 提醒：get—received 是同义词复现 例4. 【2021·天津】He 23 (offered) to fix bikes free of charge for anyone who needed it.He also asked for unwanted bikes，which he would repair again 24 . 24. A. by accident B.in advance C.for free D.on credit 【解析】24. C。by accident偶然；in advance提前；for free免费；on credit赊账。上文提到他主动提出为有需要的人免费修自行车，根据空前的again及语境可知，此处指他会再次免费修废弃的自行车。故选C。 提醒：free of charge与for free是同义词复现。 考点三：近义词复现 例5. 【2017·全国I卷】While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life, college sets the stage for that exploration.I myself went through this 41 process and found something that has changed my 42 (experience) at college for the better: I discovered ASL—American Sign Language (美式手语). 41. A.searching  B. planning C. natural  D. formal 【解析】41. A。根据首句提供的相关信息:high school与college，以及“not generally encourage students to explore”与“sets the stage for that exploration”分析判断，“我”亲身经历了这个探索过程，发现这个让“我”的大学的经历更加美好的东西:美式手语。故是searchingprocess(探索过程)，与前文的exploration吻合。本题可以利用语义复现解题。第41空是上文“explore”的近义词复现，故选A。 例6. 【2022·新高考I卷】Another time, we rented a boat in Vallecito Lake. The sky was clear when we headed off, but storms move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly interrupted our peaceful morning trip. The 29 picked up and thunder rolled. 29. A. wind B. noise C. temperature D. speed 【解析】29. A考查名词词义辨析。句意：狂风大作，雷声隆隆。A. wind风；B. noise噪音；C. temperature温度；D. speed速度。根据上文“storms move in fast in the mountains”可推知，此处指大风刮了起来。故选A。 提醒：storms—wind近义词复现 考点四：反义词复现 例7. .【2022·新高考Ⅱ卷】 She and her husband have spent the last two years traveling the world，stopping everywhere from Paris to Singapore.It might sound like one long，expensive 42 (vacation), but the couple has an unusual way to make their travel 43 . 43. A.safe B.busy C.helpful D.affordable 【解析】43. D。safe安全的；busy繁忙的；helpful有帮助的；affordable负担得起的。由but可知，此处与上文中的expensive(昂贵的)构成反义关系，也就是“便宜的”或“负担得起的”。故选D。 例8. 【2019·全国Ⅱ卷】Ehlers eventually succeeded in coaxing the animal to him. Nervousness and fear were replaced with 49 . It just started licking(舔) Ehlers’ face. 49. A. surprise B. joy C. hesitation D. anxiety 【解析】49. B。设空处下一句Itjust started licking Ehlersface.(小狗开始舔Ehlers的脸)说明小狗见到Ehlers很高兴与之前的紧张和害怕形成对比。根据空后内容可知，此处指小狗的紧张和害怕被高兴(joy)所取代了。故选B。 提醒：Nervousness and fear—joy 是反义词复现 考点五：上下词复现 例9. 【2020·全国Ⅰ】Since our twins began learning to walk, my wife and I have kept telling them that our sliding glass door is just a window. .. One day they’ll 47(wake up) and discover that everything they’ve always known about windows is a 48(lie) . I wonder if 49 should always tell the truth no matter the 50 (consequences). I have a very strong 51 (fear) that the lie we’re telling is doing 52 (spiritual) damage to our children. 49. A. parents B. twins C. colleagues D. teachers 【解析】49. A。句意：我想知道父母是否应该说出真相，无论结果如何。parents父母twins双胞胎colleagues同事teachers老师。根据下文to our children，可知这里意思是作者想知道父母是否应该说出真相。根据上文中提到的our twins，the kids以及下文中的our children可知，此处是指父母(parents)。故选A。 提醒：our twins，the kids以及下文中的our children与下文parents是总括与分述的词汇复现 例10. 【2022·全国乙卷】We brought young children aged 2－4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC. Each 47(child) sat down with an adult who covered her own eyes or 48 . We then asked the child if she could 49(see) or hear the adult. Surprisingly, children replied that they couldn’t. 48. A. feet B. nose C. hands D. ears 【解析】48. A。foot脚；nose鼻子；hand手；ear耳朵。根据下文“or hear the adult”可知，实验中，儿童被询问是否能听到成年人的声音，所以此处表示成年人遮住了自己的耳朵。此处ears与下文中的hear是上下词复现。 提醒：ears与下文中的hear是上下词复现 $$