专题08 文学作品 -2024年各地中考模拟题之中华文化阅读与写作

2024年各地中考模拟题之中华文化阅读与写作 专题08 文学作品 序号 题型 来源 话题 1 短文填空 2024·广东广州·一模 吴承恩《西游记》 2 短文填空 2024·辽宁·二模 王维《送元二使安西》 3 短文填空 2024·江苏扬州·二模 《山海经》 4 短文填空 2024·江苏南通·二模 王维《山居秋暝》 5 短文填空 2024·广东深圳·模拟预测 郑燮《竹石》 6 短文填空 2024·山东济南·模拟预测 杜牧《清明》 7 短文填空 2024·山西吕梁·一模 陆游《游山西村》 8 阅读理解 2024·广东广州·二模 宋应星《天工开物》 9 阅读理解 2024·江苏南京·三模 苏轼《定风波》 10 阅读理解 2024·辽宁锦州·二模 苏轼《念奴娇·赤壁怀古》 01 （2024·广东广州·一模）阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。答卷时，要求写出完整单词。 In November 1979, pupils in England were able to watch a new TV program called Monkey. Most of them were hearing this story for the first time. However, this story is not new to Chinese children. The Monkey King or Sun Wukong is the m 1 character in the traditional Chinese book Journey to the West. The Monkey King is not just any normal monkey. In fact, he sometimes does not even look like a monkey! This is because he can make 72 c 2 to his shape and size, turning himself into different animals and objects. But unless he can h 3 his tail, he cannot turn himself into a person. To fight bad people, the Monkey King uses a magic stick. Sometimes he can make the stick so s 4 that he can keep it in his ear. At other times, he is able to make it big and long. The Monkey King has excited the children of China for many years. And as soon as the TV program came out more than 30 years ago, Western children became interested in r 5 this story because the clever Monkey King keeps fighting to help the weak and never gives up. 02 （2024·辽宁·二模）阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 With the temperature rising, spring is a good time to go out and travel far away. Tang Dynasty poet Wang Wei bid farewell to his friend in this season. The poem A Farewell Song describes his 6 (experience). No dust is raised on the road wet with morning rain, The willows by the hotel look so fresh and green. I invite you to drink a cup of wine again; West of the sunny pass no more 7 (friend) will be seen. The poem begins with beautiful scenes in a spring morning. After the rain, the road is clean 8 any dust, and the willows by the hotel are fresh and green. On this morning, Wang has to say good bye to his friends-Yuan Er who would leave for a remote place 9 (call) Anxi, in today's Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region. Wang hopes that his friend Yuan will 10 (safe) return from Anxi, although he knows that he might not see each other again. Even with this knowledge, the poet is not willing to show much sorrow for Yuan’s departure. Instead, he 11 (want) to take the time to cherish their friendship and invites Yuan 12 (drink) to a cup of wine. In the poem, Wang uses the technique of exchanging roles. On the surface, the poet says goodbye to his friend. 13 the fact is that the two likely have no chance to see each other again. So it is that Yuan says goodbye to the poet as well. Wang is also good at 14 (use) the technique to convey his feelings. For example, he wrote “I know my brothers would, with dogwood (茱萸) spray in hand; Climb up mountain and miss me so far away” in the poem Thinking of my Brothers on Mountain Climbing Day to express missing 15 (he) brothers when climbing a mountain. 03 （2024·江苏扬州·二模）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。(每空一词) China has a long history, and many stories are h 16 in ancient books, such as Shan Hai Jing, or Classic of M17． and Seas. It is a fantastic geographical and cultural record of the pre-Qin China as well as a collection of Chinese mythology (神话). It was once thought that mythical characters such as Yu the Great or Boyi wrote the book. However, the general agreement a 18 modern scholars (学者) is that the book was not written at a single time by a single writer, but rather by many people from the period of the Warring States to the b 19 of the Han dynasty. The exact writer of the book and the time it was written are still uncertain. There is nothing more attractive in Shan Hai Jing than the mysterious monsters described in it. Here are some e 20 . On the mountain Raiseshake, there is an animal w 21 looks like a long-tailed ape, but it has white ears. It crouches as it moves along and it runs like a human. Its name is the live-lively. If you eat it, you’ll be a good runner. There is another kind of wild animal in Mount Qingqiu. It looks like a fox but has nine tails. Its cry is s 22 to that of a baby. If you eat its meat, you will not be harmed by bad s 23 . A 24 there is a bird in Mount Base. It looks like a chicken, but it has three heads, six eyes, six feet, and three wings. Its name is the esteem-add. If you eat it, you won’t keep falling asleep.These monsters give readers a look at the ancients’ understanding and imagination of some unknown things. As a record of ancient Chinese mythology, Shan Hai Jing is attractive w 25 doubt. It is an encyclopedia (百科全书) that can show ancient social life. 04 （2024·江苏南通·二模）请认真阅读下面短文，并根据各题所给首字母的提示，写出一个合适的英语单词完整、正确的形式，使短文通顺。 Autumn Evening in the Mountains After fresh rain in mountains bare, autumn permeates evening air. Among pine-trees bright moonbeams peer, over crystal stones flows water clear. Bamboos whisper of washer-maids, let us stirs when fishing boat wades. Though fragrant spring may pass away, still here’s the place for you to stay. Are you familiar with the poem above? It was w 26 by Wang Wei, a well-known poet and painter who lived during the Tang Dynasty (618-907). He has been praised for “having poetry in his painting and painting in his poetry”. W 27 Wang Wei describes the scenery, he does it carefully, like drawing a painting. In the b 28 , Wang shows readers a clear sky, with moonlight and a view of mountains far away. Moving closer, the poet describes the pine trees and flowing water. Wang also shows the power of colors in the poem. All the t 29 he describes are green, white and cyan. These colors can c 30 a peaceful and harmonious feeling. This helps readers i 31 the beauty of the landscape and helps them dream of a relaxing lifestyle. In the last part of the poem, Wang says that though spring may pass, the beautiful autumn and the peaceful mountain village r 32 there. In this way, he s 33 wants to show his love of a peaceful and harmonious life and dislike of the corruption (腐败) on the royal court(朝廷). By describing the scenery, the poem also shows Wang’s characteristics. For example, pine trees and lotus (莲) stand for perseverance (坚忍不拔) and nobility (高洁), which also means Chinese s 34 nowadays. Tang poetry is really the t 35 of Chinese traditional culture. It’s never too late to learn. 05 （2024·广东深圳·模拟预测） Staying strong during hard times is a beautiful quality (品质) of human beings. Let’s have a look at poems from Chinese poet Zheng Xie (1693—1765) . 竹石 (郑燮) 咬定青山不放松，立根原在破岩中。 千磨万击还坚劲，任尔东西南北风。 Bamboo in the Rock (By Zheng Xie) Upright stands the bamboo amid green mountains steep, Its toothlike root in broken rock is planted deep. It’s strong and firm though struck and beaten without rest, Careless of the wind from north or south; east or west. (Translated by Xu Yuanchong) “Bamboo in the Rock,” is a Chinese poem by a man named Zheng Xie, often called Zheng Banqiao. He was born in 1693. Besides being 36 great artist and poet, Zheng was also a government worker during a time in China called the Qing Dynasty. He 37 (not like) the unfair things he saw happening in the government, so he started making art and writing poems about things like bamboo, which were easy 38 (understand) but had deep meanings.   His poem paints a picture of bamboo growing strong even though it’s in a tough spot, squeezed within rocks on a mountain. No matter what difficulties the bamboo 39 (face), like bad weather hitting it from every side, it keeps 40 (stand) up straight. The bamboo is a symbol of strength and determination because it remains firm and doesn’t break under pressure. The poem is full 41 beautiful words about nature, but it’s also there to teach us something important, just like the bamboo, people should stay strong and focused even 42 life is challenging. By facing hard times, we can build 43 (we) inner strength, just like the unyielding bamboo. Young people can learn a lot from this poem because it shows them the 44 (important) of staying strong and determined, even when things get tough. The poem reminds teenagers that tests and difficulties can help them grow even 45 (strong). It is an inspiring message for them to remain brave during hard times and never give up, just like bamboo standing tall amidst challenges. 06 （2024·山东济南·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空格处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 《清明》 唐·杜牧 清明时节雨纷纷，路上行人欲断魂。 借问酒家何处有？牧童遥指杏花村。 Drizzling rain falls like tears on the Mourning Day; The mourner’s heart is going to break on his way. Where can a wineshop be found to drown his sad hours? A cowherd points to a cot’s mid apricot flowers. (Translated by Xu Yuanchong) Du Mu, a famous poet from the Tang Dynasty in China, is well-known for his touching and 46 (power) poetry. One of his most loved poems, “Qingming”, talks about the Mourning Day, a traditional Chinese festival where people remember 47 (they) family members 48 have passed away. In the poem, it’s raining 49 (soft), the falling rain is like the tears people might cry when they’re sad and missing someone. The rain makes everything feel even 50 (sorrowful). The person in the poem feels very sad, maybe thinking about loved ones they’ve lost, because the rain reflects their inner sadness. In the next part, they ask where they can find a place to drink, showing they want to drink 51 (forget) their sadness. The poem ends with a shepherd boy pointing to a faraway village with apricot flowers, where there might be a wineshop, which means they can get wine. This bit of help and direction from the boy 52 (bring) a slight feeling of hope, showing that even when we’re very sad, there are ways to find a bit of comfort. The poem “Qingming” 53 (love) by many because it’s simple 54 deep. It talks about things that many people feel: sadness, remembering those we’ve lost, and looking for a little bit of comfort in tough times. It’s especially meaningful in Chinese culture 55 it perfectly captures the feelings and traditions of the Qingming Festival. That’s why it’s still a favorite and people read it even today. 07 （2024·山西吕梁·一模）Lu You is a famous poet in the Southern Song Dynasty. One day, Lu You went out for 56 walk. After walking for more than two hours, he climbed a slope (坡). And 57 (surprising), he saw wonderful views ahead. However, there was no way to lead him there. Lu You 58 (attract) by the views, so he continued making his way in the forest. After walking around the foot of the hill, he found 59 (he) in front of a small village with many 60 (house). With green willows (柳树) and red flowers all around, it looked just like the worry-free world in a story. Lu You was very glad and walked up to the village. The villagers warmly 61 (welcome) their guest. They talked with him and prepared hearty meals for him. The 62 (friend) people and their simple lifestyle moved Lu You. He put this experience in the poem A Visit to a Village to the West of the Hill (《游山西村》). The poem is best known 63 these two lines: “Where hills bend, streams wind and the pathway seems to end; past dark willows 64 flowers in bloom lies another village.” The words have long been used 65 (describe) the situation where an opportunity appears during a crisis (危机). 08 （2024·广东广州·二模）Many of you should have heard of Tiangong Kaiwu. It is one of the greatest technological encyclopedias written in Chinese. But how much do you know about its author, Song Yingxing? Song was a brilliant scientist during the late Ming dynasty. He was born into an ordinary family in 1587 and had a happy childhood. He and his brother Song Yingsheng went to school together. Both of them were very smart. Song won third place while his brother won sixth in the provincial Imperial Exam (科举考试). Later, Song and his brother took the national Imperial Exam, but they both failed. They had no choice but to take up jobs offered to them by the provincial government. Song worked as a teacher for many years. Meanwhile, he sat for the national Imperial Exam for another four times. Unluckily, he never achieved success. On his repeated trips to the capital to take the exams, however, he learned about the different technologies that were being used in different fields. His wide knowledge enabled him to create Tiangong Kaiwu in the 1630s. The name of the Chinese encyclopedia refers to humans’ making good use of the wealth of nature with the help of technologies. The book covers more than 130 technologies of farming and manufacturing. The explanations are clear and detailed. There are also many pictures to help with the understanding of the text. The encyclopedia became popular soon after it was produced and sold to the public. The Ming dynasty fell in 1644, but Song and his brother refused to work for the new Qing government and gave up their jobs. Song lived a poor life until the day he died. In his final years, he wrote many articles and poems against the Qing government. Tens of years later, some Qing officials found these articles and poems. They were so angry that they destroyed all of Song’s works. Luckily, Tiangong Kaiwu had already spread to many other countries, though it wouldn’t find its way back to China until the end of the Qing dynasty in 1911. Finally, Chinese people were able to marvel at this great scientist again. 66．Why was the repeated trips to the capital important to Song Yingxing? A．He got a job offered by the provincial government. B．He finally achieved success because of his hard work. C．He could fight for his dream together with Song Yingsheng. D．He experienced a lot and learned practical scientific knowledge. 67．In what order did the following happen in Song Yingxing’s life? a．He wrote Tiangong Kaiwu encyclopedia. b．His works were destroyed by the government. c．He lived a poor life because he didn’t serve the government. d．He won good places in the provincial exam with his brother. e．He tried several times in the national Imperial Exam but failed. A．d, a, e, b, c B．d, e, a, c, b C．c, d, a, e, b D．c, a, b, e, d 68．What is the main focus of Tiangong Kaiwu? A．The life of working as a teacher. B．Song Yingxing’s poems and articles. C．The way human beings use technologies. D．The Songs’ knowledge learned from different fields. 69．What can we know about Tiangong Kaiwu according to the passage? A．It was destroyed by officials after it was produced. B．Its cover was made with the help of 130 technologies. C．It helped spread traditional Chinese skills to the world. D．It included articles and poems against the Qing government. 09 （2024·江苏南京·三模）Calming the Waves Su Shi (translated by Xu yuanchong) Listen not to the rain beating against the trees. I had better walk slowly while chanting at ease. Better than a saddle I like sandals and cane. I’d fain, In a straw cloak, spend my life in mist and rain. Drunken, I am sobered by the vernal wind shrill And rather chill. In front, I see the slanting sun atop the hill; Turning my head, I see the dreary beaten track. Let me go ▲ ! Impervious (不受影响的) to rain or shine, I’ll have my own will. 70．Which word is the most suitable for ▲ ? A．neck B．back C．attack D．fight 71．The poet made this poem in the weather of ________. A．sunny B．windy C．rainy D．snowy 72．Which personality is the most suitable for Su Shi? A．upbeat. B．downbeat. C．helpful. D．careful. 10 （2024·辽宁锦州·二模） Tune: Charm of a Maiden Singer Title: Memories of the Past at the Red Cliff (Selected Verse) Su Shi (1037-1101) The endless river eastward flows (流淌); With its huge waves are gone all those Brave heroes of bygone years. West of the ancient fortress (堡垒) appears Red Cliff where General Zhou won his early fame When the Three Kingdoms were in flame (火焰). Rocks tower in the air and waves beat on the shore, Rolling up a thousand heaps (堆) of snow. To match the land so fair, how many heroes of yore Had made great show! (Translated by Xu Yuanchong) Analysis: Nostalgia (怀旧) is a common theme in Chinese poetry. This poem by Su Shi from the Song Dynasty (960-1279) is a classic example. Su used powerful language to describe scenery reflect on history and express feelings. The poem was written after the innocent (无罪的) Su was set free from prison (监狱) and went to Huangzhou (now in Hubei province). One day, Su decided to visit the famous Red Cliff. Inspired by the historical Battle of the Red Cliff during the Three Kingdoms period (220-280), Su wrote this poem. The poem opens with the scene of an “endless river”, standing for time. The words “Brave heroes of bygone years” show the poet’s admiration for heroes who made a mark on history. He then takes General Zhou as an example. However, these heroes are gone with the river of time, this shows that he’s being a bit sarcastic (讽刺的) about the court (朝廷). It was a place where many “heroes” and truly talented people like Su didn’t get noticed. In the second part, Su expresses his love for the country, his frustration (沮丧) with his work, and his thoughts about life. 73．The underlined word “his” refers to ________. A．Su Shi’s B．Xu Yuanchong’s C．The Emperor’s D．General Zhou’s 74．How did Su Shi feel about the court? A．Satisfied. B．Disappointed. C．Happy. D．Proud. 75．What’s the correct time order of the following events? ① Su went to Huangzhou.                     ② Su was set free from prison. ③ Su wrote the poem.                        ④ Su decided to visit the famous Red Cliff. A．④②③① B．①③②④ C．②①④③ D．③④①② 76．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．An introduction to the content (内容) of the poem. B．Why Su wrote the poem. C．The popularity of the poem. D．What Su thought of the life. 参考答案： 1．(m)ain 2．(c)hanges 3．(h)ide 4．(s)mall 5．(r)eading 【导语】本文介绍了《西游记》中的主要角色——美猴王。介绍了美猴王的外观以及他一直努力帮助弱者，从不放弃的精神。 1．句意：孙悟空是中国传统名著《西游记》中的主角。根据“character in the traditional Chinese book Journey to the West.”及首字母提示可知，这里指孙悟空是中国传统名著《西游记》中的主角，main character意为“主角”。故填(m)ain。 2．句意：这是因为他可以对自己的形状和大小进行72次改变，将自己变成不同的动物和物体。根据“to his shape and size, turning himself into different animals and objects.”可知，这里指72般变化，change意为“变化”，这里用复数形式。故填(c)hanges。 3．句意：但除非他能隐藏自己的尾巴，否则他无法把自己变成一个人。根据“his tail,”及首字母提示可知，这里是把尾巴藏起来，hide意为“藏”，can后跟动词原形。故填(h)ide。 4．句意：有时他可以把金箍棒变得很小，这样他就可以把它放在耳朵里。根据“that he can keep it in his ear.”及首字母提示可知，这里是把金箍棒变得很小，small意为“小的”。故填(s)mall。 5．句意：30多年前，这个电视节目一出，西方孩子就对这个故事产生了兴趣，因为聪明的孙悟空一直在战斗，帮助弱者，从不放弃。根据“this story”及首字母提示可知，这里是西方孩子对阅读这个故事产生了兴趣，read意为“阅读”，介词in后跟动名词。故填(r)eading。 6．experience 7．friends 8．without 9．called 10．safely 11．wants 12．to drink 13．But 14．using 15．his 【导语】本文是一篇诗词欣赏，通过对王维的诗歌《送元二使安西》的赏析，了解诗人对于友人一路长途跋涉艰辛的担忧以及依依惜别的轻易，以及对友人前路阵中的殷切祝愿。 6．句意： 诗歌《送元二使安西》描述了他的经历。experience在这里表示“经历”，是可数名词，特指他的经历，应填单数形式，故填experience。 7．句意：西出阳关无故人。根据more可知，此空应填复数名词，故填friends。 8．句意：雨后的道路一尘不染，酒店旁的柳树清新碧绿。根据“After the rain, the road is clean…any dust”可知，下雨后，道路没有尘土，此空应填介词without“没有”，故填without。 9．句意： 他的朋友即将去往一个叫安西的地方。根据“a remote place … Anxi”可知，一个叫做安西的地方，此空应填过去分词作后置定语，故填called。 10．句意： 王维希望他的元姓朋友能平安返回。此空修饰动词return，应填副词safely“安全地”，故填safely。 11．句意：他想花时间珍惜他们的友谊并且请朋友来喝一杯。根据invites可知，此空应填动词三单，故填wants。 12．句意： 邀请朋友来喝一杯。invite sb to do sth“邀请某人做某事”，故填to drink。 13．句意：但事实是，这两个人可能没有机会再见面了。“the fact is that the two likely have no chance to see each other again”与前文是转折关系，故填But。 14．句意：王还擅长用这种技巧来表达自己的感受。be good at doing sth“擅长做某事”，故填using。 15．句意：这首诗是在《九月九日忆山东兄弟》中表达了他在登山时对兄弟们的思念。此空修饰名词brothers，应填形容词性物主代词his，故填his。 16．(h)idden 17．(M)ountains 18．(a)mong 19．(b)eginning 20．(e)xamples 21．(w)hich 22．(s)imilar 23．(s)pirits 24．(A)lso 25．(w)ithout 【导语】本文主要向我们介绍了著作《山海经》。 16．句意：中国有着悠久的历史，许多故事都藏在古籍中，如《山海经》。根据“China has a long history, and many stories are h…in ancient books, such as Shan Hai Jing”及首字母可知许多故事藏在《山海经》这本书中，由空前的are可知时态为一般现在时，语态为被动语态，hide需变为过去分词hidden。故填(h)idden。 17．句意：中国有着悠久的历史，许多故事都藏在古籍中，如《山海经》。由or可知前后的说法等效，前面用音译表示，后面用英文用法表示，应用mountain“山”的复数形式，首字母大写，故填(M)ountains。 18．句意：然而，现代学者普遍认为，这本书不是由一个作家在一个时间写的，而是由战国到汉初的许多人写的。根据“However, the general agreement a… modern scholars is that the book was not written at a single time by a single writer”及首字母可知此处为介词，表示“在现在的学者当中”，用among。故填(a)mong。 19．句意：然而，现代学者普遍认为，这本书不是由一个作家在一个时间写的，而是由战国到汉初的许多人写的。根据“but rather by many people from the period of the Warring States to the b…of the Han dynasty.”和首字母可知表示“从战国到汉朝的初期”，beginning“开始”。故填(b)eginning。 20．句意：以下是一些例子。根据下文列举出的长尾猿，九尾狐等可知此处为举例说明。空前有some修饰，故example“例子”变为复数形式。故填(e)xamples。 21．句意：在Raiseshake山上，有一种动物看起来像长尾猿，但它有白色的耳朵。根据“On the mountain Raiseshake, there is an animal w…looks like a long-tailed ape”可知此处缺少定语从句的引导词，根据首字母可知用关系代词which，which在从句中作主语，指代animal。故填(w)hich。 22．句意：它的叫声与婴儿的叫声相似。根据“Its cry is s…to that of a baby.”可知此处构成短语“be similar to…”，表示“与……相似”。故填(s)imilar。 23．句意：如果你吃它的肉，你就不会受到坏精神的伤害。根据“If you eat its meat, you will not be harmed by bad s…”及首字母可猜测如果吃了九尾狐的肉，就不会受到坏的精神伤害。spirit“精神”为可数名词，需要变成复数形式，故填(s)pirits。 24．句意：基地山上还有一只鸟。本段为列举几个山海经中神秘怪兽。根据“There is another kind of wild animal in Mount Qingqiu.”可知此句在举一个山海经中的神秘怪兽。由首字母可知用also ，放句首，表示“还有”。故填(A)lso。 25．句意：作为中国古代神话的记录，《山海经》无疑具有吸引力。根据“As a record of ancient Chinese mythology, Shan Hai Jing is attractive w…doubt.”及首字母可知是毫无疑问，此处为without，表示“没有”，故填(w)ithout。 26．(w)ritten 27．(W)hen 28．(b)eginning 29．(t)hings 30．(c)reate 31．(i)magine 32．(r)emain 33．(s)imply 34．(s)pirit 35．(t)reasure 【导语】本文介绍并赏析了王维的诗《山居秋暝》，并指出唐诗是中国传统文化的瑰宝， 26．句意：它由生活在唐朝 (618-907) 的著名诗人和画家王维所写。根据后面“byWand Wei”可知，这里使用被动语态，be+动词的过去分词；结合首字母“w”可知这里表示“这首诗被王维写”，故填(w)ritten。 27．句意：当王维描述风景时，他描述得很仔细，就像画画一样。根据“Wang Wei describes the scenery, he does it carefully, like drawing a painting”可知，此处是when引导的时间状语从句，when“当……的时候”符合句意；句首首字母大写。故填(W)hen。 28．句意：一开始，王维向读者展示了一片晴朗的天空，月光和远处的山景。冠词“the”后加名词放在介词“in”之后，“In the...”可作句子的时间状语，结合首字母b，beginning“开始”，in the beginning“开始”，符合句意。故填(b)eginning。 29．句意：他所描述的所有东西都是绿色、白色和青色的。根据“the”可知，此空填名词；根据“are”可知，这里填名词复数，结合首字母可知，things“东西”符合句意。故填(t)hings。 30．句意：这些颜色可以营造出一种平和和谐的氛围。情态动词“can”后面加动词原形；根据“peaceful and harmonious feeling”以及首字母“c”可知，create动词，意为“创造”符合句意。故填(c)reate。 31．句意：这有助于读者想象风景的美丽，帮助他们梦想一种放松的生活方式。help sb. do sth.意为“帮助某人做某事”，所以填动词原形；根据“helps them dream of a relaxing lifestyle”以及首字母“i”可知，imagine“想象”符合句意。故填(i)magine。 32．句意：在诗的最后一部分，王维说，虽然春天可能会过去，但美丽的秋天和宁静的山村仍然是一个特殊的地方。“the beautiful autumn and the peaceful mountain village”是主语，后接动词作谓语，时态为一般现在时，所以填动词原形；根据“though spring may pass”转折关系以及首字母“r”可知remain“保持，停留”符合句意。故填(r)emain。 33．句意：用这种方式，他只是想表达他对和平和谐生活的热爱和对腐败朝廷的厌恶。根据“wants”可知，这里填副词修饰动词，结合首字母“s”以及语境可知，simply“仅仅，简单地”符合题意。故填(s)imply。 34．句意：例如，松树和莲花代表坚忍不拔和高洁，这也意味着今天中国人的精神。根据“perseverance (坚忍不拔) and nobility (高洁)”可知，这也是中国人的精神，spirit是名词，意为“精神”，为不可数名词。故填(s)pirit。 35．句意：唐诗是中国传统文化的瑰宝。根据“the”可知，此空填名词；根据“of Chinese traditional culture”及首字母可知，treasure“珍宝”符合句意。故填(t)reasure。 36．a 37．didn’t like 38．to understand 39．faces 40．standing 41．of 42．when 43．our 44．importance 45．stronger 【导语】本文主要介绍了《竹石》这首诗的作者及该诗的含义。 36．句意：除了是一位伟大的艺术家和诗人，郑燮在中国清朝时期也是一名政府工作人员。根据“…great artist and poet, Zheng was also a government worker…”可知此处表示郑燮既是一位艺术家也是一位诗人，根据“…great artist and poet”可知空格处缺少冠词，表示“一”，且great是辅音音素开头，应填不定冠词a。故填a。 37．句意：他不喜欢他看到的政府中发生的不公平的事情，所以他开始创作艺术和写诗，比如竹子，这些东西很容易理解，但有深刻的含义。分析句子结构可知本句缺少谓语动词，且根据“…the unfair things he saw happening in the government, so he started…”可知本句时态为一般过去时，变否定借助助动词didn’t，后加动词原形。故填didn’t like。 38．句意：他不喜欢他看到的政府中发生的不公平的事情，所以他开始创作艺术和写诗，比如竹子，这些东西很容易理解，但有深刻的含义。分析句子结构可知本句为定语从句，根据空格前“were easy”可知本句考查固定搭配be+形容词+to do“做某事……”，空格处应填不定式形式，故填to understand。 39．句意：无论竹子面临什么困难，比如恶劣的天气从四面八方袭击它，它总是笔直地站着。分析句子结构可知本句为no matter引导的让步状语从句，且缺少谓语动词，由“keeps”可知本句时态为一般现在时，故空格处应填第三人称单数形式，故填faces。 40．句意：无论竹子面临什么困难，比如恶劣的天气从四面八方袭击它，它总是笔直地站着。由“keeps”可知此处考查固定搭配keep doing“一直做某事”，故空格处填doing形式，故填standing。 41．句意：这首诗充满了描写自然的优美词句，但它也教会了我们一些重要的东西。本题考查固定搭配be full of…“充满了……”，故填of。 42．句意：就像竹子一样，甚至当生活充满挑战时，人们也应该保持坚强和专注。根据“life is challenging”可知是尤其当生活充满挑战时，when“当”符合语境，故填when。 43．句意：通过面对困难，我们可以建立我们内心的力量，就像不屈的竹子。此处修饰名词，用形容词性物主代词our“我们的”，故填our。 44．句意：年轻人可以从这首诗中学到很多，因为它告诉他们，即使在事情变得艰难的时候，保持坚强和坚定是很重要的。由“the…of”可知空格处应填名词形式，故填importance。 45．句意：这首诗告诉年轻人考验和困难可以帮助他们变得更强大。由“grow”可知此处应填形容词，且根据“even”可知需要填比较级，故填stronger。 46．powerful 47．their 48．who/that 49．softly 50．more sorrowful 51．to forget 52．bring 53．is loved 54．but 55．because 【导语】本文介绍了杜牧和他的诗《清明》。 46．句意：杜牧是中国唐代著名诗人，以其感人而有力的诗歌而闻名。根据“poetry”可知，此处填形容词修饰名词，power的形容词为powerful。故填powerful。 47．句意：他最受喜爱的一首诗《清明》讲述的是哀悼日，这是中国的一个传统节日，人们在这一天纪念去世的家人。根据“family members”可知，此处填形容词性物主代词修饰名词，they的形容词性物主代词为their。故填their。 48．句意：他最受喜爱的一首诗《清明》讲述的是哀悼日，这是中国的一个传统节日，人们在这一天纪念去世的家人。根据“family members...have passed away.”可知，此处为定语从句，先行词指人，所以填关系代词who/that。故填who/that。 49．句意：在这首诗里，雨在轻轻地下着，雨滴就像人们在悲伤和想念某人时流下的眼泪。根据“it’s raining”可知，此处填副词修饰动词，soft的副词为softly，故填softly。 50．句意：雨让一切都显得更加悲伤。根据“feel even”可知，此处填形容词比较级作表语，sorrowful的比较级为more sorrowful。故填more sorrowful。 51．句意：在接下来的部分，他们问哪里可以找到一个喝酒的地方，表明他们想要喝酒来忘记他们的悲伤。根据“drink...their sadness”可知，此处表示喝酒的目的，所以填动词不定式表目的。故填to forget。 52．句意：这个男孩的一点点帮助和指引带来了一丝希望，表明即使我们很伤心，也有办法找到一点安慰。此处缺谓语动词，根据“when we’re very sad, there are ways to find a bit of comfort”可知，时态为一般现在时，主语为“This bit of help and direction from the boy”，所以此空填动词原形。故填bring。 53．句意：《清明》这首诗之所以受到许多人的喜爱，是因为它简单但却深刻。根据“The poem ‘Qingming’”与“love”的关系可知，此处为被动语态；根据“it’s simple”可知，时态为一般现在时，所填一般现在时的被动语态，主语为“The poem ‘Qingming’”，所以填“is+过去分词”，love的过去分词为loved。故填is loved。 54．句意：《清明》这首诗之所以受到许多人的喜爱，是因为它简单但却深刻。根据“simple...deep”可知，前后转折，所以填but“但是”。故填but。 55．句意：它在中国文化中特别有意义，因为它完美地捕捉了清明节的情感和传统。前后因果关系，前果后因，所以填because。故填because。 56．a 57．surprisingly 58．was attracted 59．himself 60．houses 61．welcomed 62．friendly 63．for 64．and 65．to describe 【导语】本文主要介绍了陆游写《游山西村》的经历。 56．句意：一天，陆游外出散步。go out for a walk“外出散步”，是固定短语。故填a。 57．句意：令人惊讶的是，他看到了前方美妙的景色。修饰动词saw用副词，surprising的副词形式是surprisingly。故填surprisingly。 58．句意：陆游被这个景色所吸引，因此他继续在这个森林中行走。陆游是动作的承受者，且本句是一般过去时态，应该用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是第三人称单数，be动词用was。故填was attracted。 59．句意：绕着山脚走了一圈之后，他发现自己在一个有很多房子的小村子前。分析句子可知该空缺少宾语，且和主语he是同一个人，用反身代词himself。故填himself。 60．句意：绕着山脚走了一圈之后，他发现自己在一个有很多房子的小村子前。因为空前有many“许多”，所以house使用其复数形式houses。故填houses。 61．句意：村民们热情地欢迎他们的客人。本篇文章使用的是过去时态，该空使用welcome的过去式。故填welcomed。 62．句意：友好的人们和简单的生活方式打动了陆游。该空需要形容词作定语，friend的形容词形式是friendly“友好的”。故填friendly。 63．句意：这首诗以这两句最闻名：山重水复疑无路，柳暗花明又一村。be known for“以……闻名”。故填for。 64．句意：这首诗以这两句最闻名：山重水复疑无路，柳暗花明又一村。根据“past dark willows ... flowers”可知，该空前后是并列关系，用并列连词and。故填and。 65．句意：这些话很早就被用来描述在危机的时候出现转机的情况。be used to do sth.“被用来做某事”，此处用动词不定式。故填to describe。 66．D 67．B 68．C 69．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了明朝著名科学家宋应星的生平及他的著作《天工开物》的相关情况。 66．细节理解题。根据“On his repeated trips to the capital to take the exams, however, he learned about the different technologies that were being used in different fields.”可知，因为他经历了很多，学到了很多实用的科学知识。故选D。 67．细节理解题。根据“Song won third place while his brother won sixth in the provincial Imperial Exam (科举考试). Later, Song and his brother took the national Imperial Exam, but they both failed”可知，他和他哥哥在乡试中取得了好成绩，但是他参加了几次科举考试，但都失败了。根据“His wide knowledge enabled him to create Tiangong Kaiwu in the 1630s.”可知，他写了《天工开物》，结合选项，排除ACD，故选B。 68．细节理解题。根据“The name of the Chinese encyclopedia refers to humans’ making good use of the wealth of nature with the help of technologies”可知，《天工开物》的主要内容是人类如何利用技术有效地利用自然财富。故选C。 69．细节理解题。根据“Luckily, Tiangong Kaiwu had already spread to many other countries, though it wouldn’t find its way back to China until the end of the Qing dynasty in 1911”可知，《天工开物》帮助中国的传统技能传播到了世界各地。故选C。 70．B 71．C 72．A 【导语】本文是一首来自苏轼的《定风波》诗词赏析。此词通过野外途中偶遇风雨这一生活中的小事，于简朴中见深意，于寻常处生奇景，表现出旷达超脱的胸襟，寄寓着超凡脱俗的人生理想。 70．推理判断题。根据“In front, I see the slanting sun atop the hill; Turning my head, I see the dreary beaten track.”及语境可知，苏轼看山头上斜阳已露出了笑脸，回头望一眼走过来遇到风雨的地方，此处应指他依然决定回去，不管它是风雨还是放晴。go back“回去”符合语境。故选B。 71．细节理解题。根据“Listen not to the rain beating against the trees.”可知，这首诗的天气背景是雨天。故选C。 72．推理判断题。根据“In a straw cloak, spend my life in mist and rain.”可知，此处苏轼描述的“一身蓑衣任凭风吹雨打，照样过我的一生”，体现了苏轼一个正直文人在坎坷人生中力求解脱之道，可推测他很乐观。故选A。 73．D 74．B 75．C 76．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了苏轼的一首诗《念奴娇·赤壁怀古》的部分内容。 73．词义猜测题。根据“Red Cliff where General Zhou won his early fame”可知，赤壁，周将军在那里早年成名，由此可知his指代的是General Zhou的。故选D。 74．推理判断题。根据“However, these heroes are gone with the river of time, this shows that he’s being a bit sarcastic (讽刺的) about the court (朝廷).”可知，苏轼对朝廷是具有讽刺的，因此是感到失望的。故选B。 75．细节理解题。根据“The poem was written after the innocent (无罪的) Su was set free from prison (监狱) and went to Huangzhou (now in Hubei province). One day, Su decided to visit the famous Red Cliff. Inspired by the historical Battle of the Red Cliff during the Three Kingdoms period (220-280), Su wrote this poem.”可知，苏轼从监狱里释放出来，去了黄州，一天他决定去参观著名的赤壁，在那里写下了这首诗，因此正确的顺序是②①④③。故选C。 76．主旨大意题。通读最后一段可知，本段主要是对这首诗歌的内容的介绍。故选A。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$