精品解析：江苏省徐州市铜山区2023-2024学年高二下学期4月期中英语试题

2023～2024学年度第二学期期中学情调研 高二英语试卷 本试题卷分为选择题和非选择题两部分。时量120分钟，总分150分。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有5秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．What will the man do next? A．Close a window. B．Catch a mouse. C．Leave the room. 2．How much will be left after the woman buys the tickets? A．$4. B．$3. C．$1. 3．What surprised the woman? A．A radio interview. B．A train ride. C．A suburb visit. 4．When does the conversation take place? A．On Friday. B．On Saturday. C．On Sunday. 5．Who is the man probably talking to? A．A shop assistant. B．His co-worker. C．His wife. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6至9题。 6．What is the man doing? A．Eating a meal. B．Cooking a meal. C．Having an interview. 7．How long has the man been cooking? A．Only recently. B．Since he was a kid. C．Since he was twenty years old. 8．Why does the man mention rice and noodles? A．To give an example. B．To name his favorite food. C．To show his best cooking. 9．What is the most important for cooking according to the man? A．Rich flavors. B．Freshness of food. C．Different styles of cooking. 听第7段材料，回答第10至12题。 10．What is the job the man wants to get? A．Engineer. B．Professor. C．Teacher. 11．How does the man feel about the interview? A．He is happy at it. B．He is a little worried about it. C．He is sure to get it. 12．What impressed the woman most? A．The man’s skills. B．The man’s experience. C．The man’s English. 听第8段材料，回答第13至14题。 13．What does the man expect to do on the 3rd? A．Sign a contract. B．Go on a tour. C．Return to New York. 14．What does the man finally decide to do? A．Cancel the reservation. B．Contact another airline. C．Advance the departure date. 听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。 15．Who might the woman be? A．hostess. B．A director. C．An actress. 16．What does the woman think of the award-winning film? A．It is her personal favorite. B．It is worthy of the award. C．It is terribly disappointing. 17．What is the man going to do next? A．Call a meeting. B．Watch a video. C．Have a job interview. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18．When did Hemingway produce his first collection of short stories? A．In 1923. B．In 1929. C．In 1952. 19．What is his first novel about? A．Those gifted but lonely and angry people. B．The time when he worked as a reporter. C．His experiences during World War I. 20．Why could Hemingway win the Nobel Prize for Literature? A．He wrote about his childhood. B．He wrote many books and stories. C．He wrote it with his own personal experiences. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The Department of Labor’s Employment and Training Administration (ETA) supports a wide variety of programs to ensure that all youth have the skills and training they need to successfully make the switch to adulthood and careers. These programs include: Apprenticeship Apprenticeship is a combination of on-the-job training and related classroom instruction in which workers learn the practical and theoretical aspects of a highly skilled occupation. Applicants for apprenticeship programs must be at least 16 years old and meet the program sponsor’s qualifications. YouthBuild YouthBuild programs give at-risk youth ages 16-24 the opportunity to transform their lives by earning their high school certificate of graduation or an equally state-recognized degree, learning to be community leaders, and preparing for college and other post-secondary training opportunities. Job Corps Job Corps is the nation’s largest and most comprehensive residential, education, and job training program for at-risk youth, ages 16 through 24. Private companies, state agencies, federal agencies, and unions recruit young people to participate in Job Corps, where they can train for and be placed in jobs. Youth Connections The Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (WIOA) of 2014 is carrying out a comprehensive youth employment program for serving qualified youth, ages 14-24, who face barriers to education, training, and employment. For more information about youth programs, visit ETA’s Division of Youth Services page. 1. Who can apply to Apprenticeship programs? A. A girl at least 16 years old switching to careers. B. A boy over 16 years of age having previous work experience. C. A girl over 16 years of age meeting the requirements of sponsors. D. A boy at least 16 years old learning the practical and theoretical aspects. 2. What is common between YouthBuild and Job Corps? A. Training content B. Training audience C. Training outcomes D. Training approaches 3. Which program is designed for youth with learning difficulties? A. Apprenticeship B. YouthBuild C. Job Corps D. Youth Connections B “Thank you for applying for the position,” the email read. “Your application has not been successful. We wish you every success in securing a suitable position in the future.” I received the email 2 weeks after an interview. When I read it, I felt disappointed and angry. I’d spent hours preparing for the interview and in the end, I didn’t even know why I wasn’t successful! “How can I adapt my job search approach if I don’t know what went wrong?” The value of that kind of feedback (反馈) became obvious to me a few months later. After applying for a job at a consulting company, I spent months working my way through the interview process before getting a phone call. “Unfortunately, we decided to offer the job to someone else,” the voice said. Again, the feeling I got from that rejection email appeared. But the conversation wasn’t over. “Would you like to hear feedback from us?” the company representative asked. The representative went on to tell me I hadn’t clearly shown my motivation for applying for the position and why I wanted to work for the company. The feedback was tough to hear. But I quickly realized they were right. After completing my Ph. D. in Germany, my top priority had been to find a position in Poland. So I wasn’t very selective about what I had applied for. The job at the consulting company was something I could do, but I didn’t feel passionate about it — and that was clearly shown in the interview process. From then on, I only pursued the jobs that I was passionate about. In my applications, I also began stating more clearly why I wanted that job. Soon the approach paid off. I got an offer for a postdoc position in Poland that I was truly excited about. Now, when early-career scientists interview for positions in my lab, I keep that experience in mind. If they don’t get the position, I will tell them why and what they can do to improve their job applications going forward. 4. What did the author expect to read in the rejection email? A. Reasons for failure. B. Useful guidelines. C. Encouraging words. D. Sincere apologies. 5. How did the author feel when receiving the call at first? A. Embarrassed. B. Discouraged. C. Nervous. D. Guilty. 6. What made the author lose a second chance to land a job? A. His inexperience in consulting. B. An overstatement of his capability. C. His lack of passion for the position. D. His bad performance in the interview. 7. Which words can best describe the author as a postdoc? A. Devoted and ambitious. B. Knowledgeable and modest. C. Courageous and warm-hearted. D. Responsible and thoughtful. C Throughout history, humans have assigned names to objects and each other as a means of efficient communication. Additionally, we often give names to animals that are close to us, such as our pets. To date, evidence has been scarce to indicate that animals engage in naming each other. However, an exciting new study indicates that elephants use unique sounds as a way to identify one another. Isn’t that fascinating? A few animals, including parrots and dolphins, have been known to use sounds that are similar to names. Each dolphin invents a signature whistle that is unique to it, and other members of its species communicate with it by simulating this special call. The new study, led by Michael Pardo of Colorado State University, shows that wild African elephants use names in a way that is not just copying sounds and is much closer to the way humans use names. For the study, the researchers recorded 625 sounds made by wild African elephants in Kenya that they called “rumbles (隆隆声)”. This is the most common type of call produced by elephants, and it can travel long distances — as far as 3.7 miles. It takes place at a very low frequency, which means humans can’t hear it. The researchers analyzed the sounds using computers and found that certain rumbles were directed at specific elephants to get their attention They found that all the elephants in the herd used the identical call to get a particular elephant’s attention — these calls were not just nicknames used by one of the elephant’s friends. Also, unlike the way dolphins communicate, the rumbles were not just imitations of the elephant they were trying to communicate with. The researchers then played back some of the recorded rumbles to the elephants. They found that elephants responded more to their own name than to other calls, coming toward it more quickly or calling back faster. Cartlin O’Connell-Rodwell, an elephant expert, said, “The study shows that elephants can still keep in touch with one another even across a large area.” She told Live Science, “The rumbles were magical, which allow them to spread out much further and still keep a watchful eye on individuals.” 8. Which word can replace the word “simulating” in paragraph 2? A. Inventing. B. Transforming. C. Copying. D. Receiving. 9 What methods do elephants in the wild use to detect other elephants? A. By using specific languages like people’s. B. By using names in a way closer to people’s. C. By making certain rumbles heard by people. D. By making specific noises with a high frequency. 10. How does the communication of elephants differ from that of dolphins? A. Elephants’ rumbles carry far. B. Each elephant has a special rumble. C. They only talk to friends with rumbles. D. Elephant rumbles are not imitations of other elephants. 11. What might O’Connell-Rodwell agree with? A. Rumbles aid communication with other species. B. Rumbles enable elephants to stand or play closer. C. Elephants use rumbles to avoid each other in large areas. D. Rumbles help elephants stay connected over long distances. D As kids, we are taught the importance of forgiving those who hurt us, as this is considered the moral action to take. We are instructed that forgiveness is a virtue and the only way for us to truly move on and heal, freed from the baggage of bearing ill will. Nonetheless, I’m not buying it. While forgiveness can certainly be a lovely gesture, it’s not always the most beneficial option for us. In fact, if someone has hurt you deeply and the relationship isn’t healthy, attempting to “fix” things might actually cause more damage than it’s worth. Most of us would probably agree that forgiving a wrongdoer means letting go of negative emotions — like anger and bitterness — towards them, as if the offense never occurred. Actually this approach is not truly beneficial. It pressures us to minimize our feelings and revise our boundaries—to say “it’s OK” when, in reality, it isn’t for us. While it’s not a good idea to focus on negative thoughts, recognizing and working through all of that pain is an important part of the healing journey. Moreover, when someone fails to make us feel understood or secure, forgiving them can actually reduce our self-worth. A 2010 research paper published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology found that folks who forgave partners that didn’t make them feel valued had less respect for themselves. Letting minor offences that happen now and again slide can be great for any relationship, but repeatedly forgiving bad behavior can encourage that person to keep hurting you. At least, that’s what 2011 research by psychology professor James McNulty argues. He found that when a partner was more likely to forgive those acts, the aggressor was more likely to keep committing them. McNulty suggests that this is because facing the consequences of their actions is what motivates people to change their ways, and being offered a clean slate can be a kind of pass to avoid making changes. So forgiving frequent and major offences, like verbal or physical abuse, can do more harm than good. From my perspective, this highlights the central conflict within the concept. Rather than viewing forgiveness as a magic medicine, we can shift our focus to acknowledging the truth and finding resolution, without feeling any necessity to forgive the person who hurt us. 12 What does the author think about the message in paragraph 1? A. Arguable. B. Undeniable. C. Convincing. D. Logical. 13. How does the author try to support his perspective? A. By making comparisons. B. By presenting statistics. C. By sharing his own experiences. D. By citing the opinions of experts. 14. What does the underlined phrase “a clean slate” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A. A repeated offence. B. A magic medicine. C. A complete forgiveness. D. A terrible consequence. 15 What might be the most suitable title for the text? A. Forgiving is always a virtue. B. Forgiving sometimes depends. C. Forgiving can change everything. D. Forgiving always seems impossible. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 With the deepening integration of our lives into the digital era, it’s more critical than ever to sustain the flame of personal interactions, of which small talk is an indispensable part. ___16___ Here are the techniques to conquer the ability to make small talk effectively. Effective small talk is built on the principle of sincere interest. Genuine interest is about actively striving to comprehend the other individual, respecting their viewpoints, and acknowledging the uniqueness they contribute to the conversation. ___17___ ___18___ In the midst of a conversation, be attentive to the speaker’s bodily language, facial movements, and the tone of voice. Such signals provide valuable insights into their emotions and intentions. Being familiar with them not only helps you navigate the conversation with sensitivity but also paves the way for a deeper relationship by respecting the slight differences of the other person’s communication style. Actually listening and connecting with someone is essential for a conversation. By providing your undivided attention, you convey respect and interest in what the other person has to say. ___19___ Ask follow-up questions to show that you value their insights. This depth of engagement lays the foundation for a more meaningful connection. At the heart of successful small talk lies the authenticity (真实性) of your engagement. Authenticity fosters a sense of trust and connection, making the conversation more meaningful and memorable. Avoid the temptation to project an image or use scripted(照本宣科的) responses. ___20___ In the world of small talk, authenticity is the key that unlocks the door to deeper connections and more fulfilling interactions. A. Instead, let your true self shine through. B. Some accessible topics are great for small talk. C. Active listening involves fully engaging with the speaker. D Small talk has the potential to form profound relationships. E. Beyond spoken words, small talk involves the art of observation. F. Focus on understanding their viewpoints beyond simply hearing words. G. By showing authentic curiosity, you make the other person feel seen and appreciated. 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15 小题：每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Ever since I was a child, I’ve cherished cycling for the happiness, autonomy, and harmony with nature it provides. As an average senior school student, my regular bike rides have evolved into something far more significant than just a fun activity through my daily bike rides, I have come to understand how to ___21___ life with a positive attitude. It’s like a little ___22___ that has taught me important lessons about staying positive, facing challenges and being ___23___. When I get on my bike and ride around familiar streets, it gives me the feeling of being on a small-scale exploration. It’s not just about reaching a(n) ___24___; exploring the known yet ever-changing landscape of my daily rides. It’s about enjoying the ride itself. Cycling has turned into a kind of teacher, helping me understand the ___25___ of practice and having a can-do spirit. One of the coolest things I’ve learned is about not giving up when things get hard. You know, when I’m endeavoring to cycle upwards a steep hill, it’s hard! But guess what? Even when my legs feel super tired, I keep going and do not give up, till I reach the ___26___. Life is kind of like that too. When I have a challenging task or any problems in my studies, I remember those steep hills. I know if I keep trying, I can ___27___ anything. Another thing that cycling has taught me is to be ready for surprises. The road isn’t always ___28___. Sometimes there are bumps, and you have to ride around them. When something is wrong with my bike, I do not ___29___. I try to find a solution. Life’s a bit like that too. It’s not always easy, but being flexible and staying positive helps me rise to the challenge and handle ____30____ problems. The most important part, though, is how cycling makes me feel happy and ____31____. The feeling of the breeze on my face and the steady pace of my cycling makes everything seem OK. It’s like a secret power — no matter what’s going on, it keeps me happy, lets me ____32____ my batteries, and lets me come back feeling ____33____. In the end, my daily bike rides have become more than just a way to get around. They’ve become a(n) ____34____ for how I want to live my life. Cycling has shown me that being positive, facing challenges with ____35____, and keeping an optimistic attitude can turn the life journey into a fantastic adventure. So, here’s to more bike rides and more fun! 21. A. approach B. endure C. guarantee D. challenge 22. A. phenomenon B. adventure C. coincidence D. entertainment 23. A. responsible B. unique C. traditional D. flexible 24. A. destination B. dilemma C. crisis D. cooperation 25. A. discovery B. comment C. value D. growth 26. A. platform B. coast C. stage D. top 27. A. overcome B. detect C. remove D. describe 28. A. delicate B. smooth C. fragile D. tough 29. A. panic B. insist C. pray D. volunteer 30. A. original B. crucial C. unexpected D. natural 31. A. useful B. carefree C. efficient D. curious 32. A. apply B. develop C. recharge D. recognize 33. A. alarmed B. refreshed C. embarrassed D. emotional 34. A. guide B. passenger C. victim D. audience 35. A. calmness B. attempt C. comfort D. determination 第四部分 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。 In his online appeal for love, Maezawa said he hoped that finding a companion would ease the “feelings of ___36___(lonely) and emptiness” within him. A few months later, however, he abruptly called off this quest for a romantic partner. Now, it ___37___(seem) that Maezawa is betting robots may be able to fill the hole in one’s heart. The billionaire announced that he was buying Japanese robotics startup Groove X, ___38___ makes a product called Lovot, ___39___ combination of the words “love” and “robot”. The pet-sized companion robots aim ___40___(stimulate) an “instinct to love” in its human customers with potential use cases in nursing homes and with children. These robots don’t seek to provide any convenience or practical purpose. In fact, the company has previously described it ___41___ “not a useful robot” since the robot was “born for just one reason-to be loved by human customers”. ___42___ the robot can’t clean or do work, he sees a big potential that can make people feel happy. It may seem like something out of science fiction, but some researchers say there is a lot of potential for robots to become beloved human companions. “A substantial amount of research in human-robot ___43___ (interact) shows that people can develop true emotional attachments to robots, and ___44___ this is something that can be encouraged through intentional design,” Kate Darling, a personal robotics research specialists said. “We are very relational creatures,” Darling said. “There’s no doubt in my mind that people can and will emotionally relate ____45____ robots in the future.” 第五部分 书面表达（满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，是你校英文报增设的“职业规划”（Career Planning）栏目的负责人，请给职业规划师David写一封邮件向他约稿，内容包括： 1．栏目介绍；2．稿件内容；3．稿件长度：约800词；4．交稿日期：6月2日前 注意：1．词数80左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear David, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I was confident at the audition (试演) for the school play and felt pleased to get a role. It just felt good to be in the play, even if I had only four or five lines. I worked hard at perfecting those lines. I repeated them over and over again. I put in the emphases and intonations (语调) that my drama teacher had suggested and, because I was on stage much longer than for just four or five lines, I had many actions to rehearse (排练) and perform. “Do them in front of a mirror,” my drama teacher had advised me. “Watch how you look; practice and rehearse as often as you can.” I did just that. I worked and worked at it. It was fun and exciting rehearsing. Then finally the big night came. Suddenly, things felt different. The theater was full of people. As I dressed, I could hear the chattering and noises of the audience-something that hadn’t been there during rehearsal. I looked around at the other more experienced actors and saw that the confidence they’d shown at rehearsal seemed to have disappeared. Everyone was on edge (紧张不安), anxious, and worried. Had they got their makeup right? Was the costume done up correctly? What if they forgot their lines? The more people talked about their anxiety, the more edgy everyone became. The worries bounced from one person to another-like a baton (接力棒) being passed in a relay race-until the whole of the backstage area seemed to be buzzing with tension and worry. I was on stage early, at first performing my non-spoken role in the background with several other guys around the same age. When, suddenly, I heard my cue (出场提示), the lights were bright in my eyes; I couldn’t see the audience but knew there were hundreds of people out there all watching me. The words that had flowed so easily when I stood in front of a mirror in my bedroom didn’t want to come, and when they did I found myself hurrying into them. I tried to slow down my thoughts and my words. Para1: But I suddenly realized I had missed a sentence. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Para2: No one commented on my missed sentence-apart from my drama teacher. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1-5 CAACB 6-10 CBABA 11-15 BCACA 16-20 BBAAC 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2023～2024学年度第二学期期中学情调研 高二英语试卷 本试题卷分为选择题和非选择题两部分。时量120分钟，总分150分。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有5秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．What will the man do next? A．Close a window. B．Catch a mouse. C．Leave the room. 2．How much will be left after the woman buys the tickets? A．$4. B．$3. C．$1. 3．What surprised the woman? A．A radio interview. B．A train ride. C．A suburb visit. 4．When does the conversation take place? A．On Friday. B．On Saturday. C．On Sunday. 5．Who is the man probably talking to? A．A shop assistant. B．His co-worker. C．His wife. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6至9题。 6．What is the man doing? A．Eating a meal. B．Cooking a meal. C．Having an interview. 7．How long has the man been cooking? A．Only recently. B．Since he was a kid. C．Since he was twenty years old. 8．Why does the man mention rice and noodles? A．To give an example. B．To name his favorite food. C．To show his best cooking. 9．What is the most important for cooking according to the man? A．Rich flavors. B．Freshness of food. C．Different styles of cooking. 听第7段材料，回答第10至12题。 10．What is the job the man wants to get? A．Engineer. B．Professor. C．Teacher. 11．How does the man feel about the interview? A．He is happy at it. B．He is a little worried about it. C．He is sure to get it. 12．What impressed the woman most? A．The man’s skills. B．The man’s experience. C．The man’s English. 听第8段材料，回答第13至14题。 13．What does the man expect to do on the 3rd? A．Sign a contract. B．Go on a tour. C．Return to New York. 14．What does the man finally decide to do? A．Cancel the reservation. B．Contact another airline. C．Advance the departure date. 听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。 15．Who might the woman be? A．hostess. B．A director. C．An actress. 16．What does the woman think of the award-winning film? A．It is her personal favorite. B．It is worthy of the award. C．It is terribly disappointing. 17．What is the man going to do next? A．Call a meeting. B．Watch a video. C．Have a job interview. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18．When did Hemingway produce his first collection of short stories? A．In 1923. B．In 1929. C．In 1952. 19．What is his first novel about? A．Those gifted but lonely and angry people. B．The time when he worked as a reporter. C．His experiences during World War I. 20．Why could Hemingway win the Nobel Prize for Literature? A．He wrote about his childhood. B．He wrote many books and stories. C．He wrote it with his own personal experiences. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The Department of Labor’s Employment and Training Administration (ETA) supports a wide variety of programs to ensure that all youth have the skills and training they need to successfully make the switch to adulthood and careers. These programs include: Apprenticeship Apprenticeship is a combination of on-the-job training and related classroom instruction in which workers learn the practical and theoretical aspects of a highly skilled occupation. Applicants for apprenticeship programs must be at least 16 years old and meet the program sponsor’s qualifications. YouthBuild YouthBuild programs give at-risk youth ages 16-24 the opportunity to transform their lives by earning their high school certificate of graduation or an equally state-recognized degree, learning to be community leaders, and preparing for college and other post-secondary training opportunities. Job Corps Job Corps is the nation’s largest and most comprehensive residential, education, and job training program for at-risk youth, ages 16 through 24. Private companies, state agencies, federal agencies, and unions recruit young people to participate in Job Corps, where they can train for and be placed in jobs. Youth Connections The Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (WIOA) of 2014 is carrying out a comprehensive youth employment program for serving qualified youth, ages 14-24, who face barriers to education, training, and employment. For more information about youth programs, visit ETA’s Division of Youth Services page. 1. Who can apply to Apprenticeship programs? A. A girl at least 16 years old switching to careers. B. A boy over 16 years of age having previous work experience. C. A girl over 16 years of age meeting the requirements of sponsors. D. A boy at least 16 years old learning the practical and theoretical aspects. 2. What is common between YouthBuild and Job Corps? A. Training content B. Training audience C. Training outcomes D. Training approaches 3. Which program is designed for youth with learning difficulties? A. Apprenticeship B. YouthBuild C. Job Corps D. Youth Connections 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了劳工部就业和培训管理局为年轻人提供的技能培训项目，以帮助他们成功地进入职业生涯。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的“Applicants for apprenticeship programs must be at least 16 years old and meet the program sponsor’s qualifications.(学徒计划的申请人必须年满16岁，并符合计划发起人的资格。)”可知，年满16周岁且符合发起人要求的女孩可以申请学徒计划。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段的“YouthBuild programs give at-risk youth ages 16-24 the opportunity to transform their lives by earning their high school certificate of graduation or an equally state-recognized degree, learning to be community leaders, and preparing for college and other post-secondary training opportunities.(YouthBuild项目为16-24岁的高危青年提供机会，通过获得高中毕业证书或同等国家认可的学位，学习成为社区领袖，为上大学和其他高等教育培训机会做准备，从而改变他们的生活。) ”和第四段的“Job Corps is the nation’s largest and most comprehensive residential, education, and job training program for at-risk youth, ages 16 through 24. (Job Corps是全国规模最大、最全面的项目，为16至24岁处于危险中的青年提供住宿、教育和职业培训。)”可知，YouthBuild和Job Corps的共同之处在于培训的对象都是16-24岁的有就业困难的青年。故选B。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Youth Connections部分中第一段的“The Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (WIOA) of 2014 is carrying out a comprehensive youth employment program for serving qualified youth, ages 14-24, who face barriers to education, training, and employment.(2014年的《劳动力创新与机会法案》(WIOA)正在实施一项全面的青年就业计划，为14至24岁在教育、培训和就业方面面临障碍的合格青年提供服务。)”可知，Youth Connections项目是为有学习困难的青少年设计的。故选D。 B “Thank you for applying for the position,” the email read. “Your application has not been successful. We wish you every success in securing a suitable position in the future.” I received the email 2 weeks after an interview. When I read it, I felt disappointed and angry. I’d spent hours preparing for the interview and in the end, I didn’t even know why I wasn’t successful! “How can I adapt my job search approach if I don’t know what went wrong?” The value of that kind of feedback (反馈) became obvious to me a few months later. After applying for a job at a consulting company, I spent months working my way through the interview process before getting a phone call. “Unfortunately, we decided to offer the job to someone else,” the voice said. Again, the feeling I got from that rejection email appeared. But the conversation wasn’t over. “Would you like to hear feedback from us?” the company representative asked. The representative went on to tell me I hadn’t clearly shown my motivation for applying for the position and why I wanted to work for the company. The feedback was tough to hear. But I quickly realized they were right. After completing my Ph. D. in Germany, my top priority had been to find a position in Poland. So I wasn’t very selective about what I had applied for. The job at the consulting company was something I could do, but I didn’t feel passionate about it — and that was clearly shown in the interview process. From then on, I only pursued the jobs that I was passionate about. In my applications, I also began stating more clearly why I wanted that job. Soon the approach paid off. I got an offer for a postdoc position in Poland that I was truly excited about. Now when early-career scientists interview for positions in my lab, I keep that experience in mind. If they don’t get the position, I will tell them why and what they can do to improve their job applications going forward. 4. What did the author expect to read in the rejection email? A. Reasons for failure. B. Useful guidelines. C. Encouraging words. D. Sincere apologies. 5. How did the author feel when receiving the call at first? A. Embarrassed. B. Discouraged. C. Nervous. D. Guilty. 6. What made the author lose a second chance to land a job? A. His inexperience in consulting. B. An overstatement of his capability. C. His lack of passion for the position. D. His bad performance in the interview. 7. Which words can best describe the author as a postdoc? A. Devoted and ambitious. B. Knowledgeable and modest. C. Courageous and warm-hearted. D. Responsible and thoughtful. 【答案】4. A 5. B 6. C 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在求职过程中的一些经历和感悟。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“I’d spent hours preparing for the interview and in the end, I didn’t even know why I wasn’t successful! “How can I adapt my job search approach if I don’t know what went wrong?” (我花了几个小时准备面试，但最后我甚至都不知道为什么没有成功！如果我不知道哪里出了问题，我该如何调整我的求职策略呢？)”可知，作者希望在被拒绝的求职信中得到失败的原因，故选A项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Again, the feeling I got from that rejection email appeared (又一次，那封拒绝邮件给我的感觉又出现了)”以及第二段“When I read it, I felt disappointed and angry (当我读它的时候，我感到失望和愤怒)”可知，作者在接到电话的时候，首先感到失望，故选B项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“The representative went on to tell me I hadn’t clearly shown my motivation for applying for the position and why I wanted to work for the company. The feedback was tough to hear. But I quickly realized they were right. After completing my Ph. D. in Germany, my top priority had been to find a position in Poland. So I wasn’t very selective about what I had applied for. The job at the consulting company was something I could do, but I didn’t feel passionate about it—and that was clearly shown in the interview process. (该代表接着告诉我，我没有清楚地表明我申请该职位的动机，以及我为什么想为该公司工作。这些反馈让人难以接受。但我很快意识到他们是对的。在德国完成博士学位后，我的首要任务是在波兰找到一份工作。所以我对我申请的东西并不是很挑剔。咨询公司的工作是我可以做的，但我对它没有热情——这在面试过程中表现得很明显。)”可推理出，作者丢掉第二个工作机会的原因是缺乏对所申请职位的热情，故选C项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Now, when early-career scientists interview for positions in my lab, I keep that experience in mind. If they don’t get the position, I will tell them why and what they can do to improve their job applications going forward. (现在，当职业早期的科学家面试申请我的实验室的职位时，我会记住那次经历。如果他们没有得到这个职位，我会告诉他们原因以及他们可以做些什么来改进今后的工作申请。)”可推理出作者有责任心且虑事周到，故选D项。 C Throughout history, humans have assigned names to objects and each other as a means of efficient communication. Additionally, we often give names to animals that are close to us, such as our pets. To date, evidence has been scarce to indicate that animals engage in naming each other. However, an exciting new study indicates that elephants use unique sounds as a way to identify one another. Isn’t that fascinating? A few animals, including parrots and dolphins, have been known to use sounds that are similar to names. Each dolphin invents a signature whistle that is unique to it, and other members of its species communicate with it by simulating this special call. The new study, led by Michael Pardo of Colorado State University, shows that wild African elephants use names in a way that is not just copying sounds and is much closer to the way humans use names. For the study, the researchers recorded 625 sounds made by wild African elephants in Kenya that they called “rumbles (隆隆声)”. This is the most common type of call produced by elephants, and it can travel long distances — as far as 3.7 miles. It takes place at a very low frequency, which means humans can’t hear it. The researchers analyzed the sounds using computers and found that certain rumbles were directed at specific elephants to get their attention They found that all the elephants in the herd used the identical call to get a particular elephant’s attention — these calls were not just nicknames used by one of the elephant’s friends. Also, unlike the way dolphins communicate, the rumbles were not just imitations of the elephant they were trying to communicate with. The researchers then played back some of the recorded rumbles to the elephants. They found that elephants responded more to their own name than to other calls, coming toward it more quickly or calling back faster. Cartlin O’Connell-Rodwell, an elephant expert, said, “The study shows that elephants can still keep in touch with one another even across a large area.” She told Live Science, “The rumbles were magical, which allow them to spread out much further and still keep a watchful eye on individuals.” 8. Which word can replace the word “simulating” in paragraph 2? A. Inventing. B. Transforming. C. Copying. D. Receiving. 9. What methods do elephants in the wild use to detect other elephants? A. By using specific languages like people’s. B. By using names in a way closer to people’s. C. By making certain rumbles heard by people. D. By making specific noises with a high frequency. 10. How does the communication of elephants differ from that of dolphins? A. Elephants’ rumbles carry far. B. Each elephant has a special rumble. C. They only talk to friends with rumbles. D. Elephant rumbles are not imitations of other elephants. 11. What might O’Connell-Rodwell agree with? A. Rumbles aid communication with other species. B. Rumbles enable elephants to stand or play closer. C. Elephants use rumbles to avoid each other in large areas. D. Rumbles help elephants stay connected over long distances. 【答案】8. C 9. B 10. D 11. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了研究发现，野生非洲大象使用类似于名称的声音来相互识别和交流，这使它们能够在广阔的区域内保持联系，即使距离很远也能保持警惕，展示了大象的独特能力。 【8题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第二段的“A few animals, including parrots and dolphins, have been known to use sounds that are similar to names. Each dolphin invents a signature whistle that is unique to it, and other members of its species communicate with it by simulating this special call. The new study, led by Michael Pardo of Colorado State University, shows that wild African elephants use names in a way that is not just copying sounds and is much closer to the way humans use names.(包括鹦鹉和海豚在内的一些动物，其发音与名字相似。每只海豚都会发明一种独特的标志性哨子，其物种的其他成员通过……这种特殊的叫声与之交流。这项由科罗拉多州立大学的Michael Pardo领导的新研究表明，野生非洲象使用名字的方式不仅仅是模仿声音，而且更接近人类使用名字的方法)”可知，野生非洲象使用名字的方式不仅仅是模仿声音，这说明在海豚群体中它们也是模仿或复制成员的独特哨声来进行沟通，因此copying是最接近的同义词，它表示“模仿或复制”。故选C。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的“The new study, led by Michael Pardo of Colorado State University, shows that wild African elephants use names in a way that is not just copying sounds and is much closer to the way humans use names.(这项由科罗拉多州立大学的Michael Pardo领导的新研究表明，野生非洲象使用名字的方式不仅仅是模仿声音，而且更接近人类使用名字的方法) ”可知，大象使用类似名字的特定声音来识别和相互交流，这种方式与人类使用名字的方式更为接近。故选B。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段的“Also, unlike the way dolphins communicate, the rumbles were not just imitations of the elephant they were trying to communicate with.(此外，与海豚交流的方式不同，隆隆声不仅仅是模仿它们试图与之交流的大象)”可知，这表明大象的隆隆声并不是对其他大象声音的模仿，而是独特的交流方式。故选D。 11题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Cartlin O’Connell-Rodwell, an elephant expert, said, “The study shows that elephants can still keep in touch with one another even across a large area.” She told Live Science, “The rumbles were magical, which allow them to spread out much further and still keep a watchful eye on individuals.”(大象专家Cartlin O'Connell-Rodwell说：“研究表明，即使在很大范围内，大象仍然可以保持联系。”她告诉《现场科学》，“隆隆声很神奇，可以让它们传播得更远，同时还能密切关注个人。”)”可知，隆隆声帮助大象在广阔的区域内保持联系。故选D。 D As kids, we are taught the importance of forgiving those who hurt us, as this is considered the moral action to take. We are instructed that forgiveness is a virtue and the only way for us to truly move on and heal, freed from the baggage of bearing ill will. Nonetheless, I’m not buying it. While forgiveness can certainly be a lovely gesture, it’s not always the most beneficial option for us. In fact, if someone has hurt you deeply and the relationship isn’t healthy, attempting to “fix” things might actually cause more damage than it’s worth. Most of us would probably agree that forgiving a wrongdoer means letting go of negative emotions — like anger and bitterness — towards them, as if the offense never occurred. Actually this approach is not truly beneficial. It pressures us to minimize our feelings and revise our boundaries—to say “it’s OK” when, in reality, it isn’t for us. While it’s not a good idea to focus on negative thoughts, recognizing and working through all of that pain is an important part of the healing journey. Moreover, when someone fails to make us feel understood or secure, forgiving them can actually reduce our self-worth. A 2010 research paper published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology found that folks who forgave partners that didn’t make them feel valued had less respect for themselves. Letting minor offences that happen now and again slide can be great for any relationship, but repeatedly forgiving bad behavior can encourage that person to keep hurting you. At least, that’s what 2011 research by psychology professor James McNulty argues. He found that when a partner was more likely to forgive those acts, the aggressor was more likely to keep committing them. McNulty suggests that this is because facing the consequences of their actions is what motivates people to change their ways, and being offered a clean slate can be a kind of pass to avoid making changes. So forgiving frequent and major offences, like verbal or physical abuse, can do more harm than good. From my perspective, this highlights the central conflict within the concept. Rather than viewing forgiveness as a magic medicine, we can shift our focus to acknowledging the truth and finding resolution, without feeling any necessity to forgive the person who hurt us. 12. What does the author think about the message in paragraph 1? A. Arguable. B. Undeniable. C. Convincing. D. Logical. 13. How does the author try to support his perspective? A. By making comparisons. B. By presenting statistics. C. By sharing his own experiences. D. By citing the opinions of experts. 14. What does the underlined phrase “a clean slate” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A. A repeated offence. B. A magic medicine. C. A complete forgiveness. D. A terrible consequence. 15. What might be the most suitable title for the text? A. Forgiving is always a virtue. B. Forgiving sometimes depends. C. Forgiving can change everything. D. Forgiving always seems impossible. 【答案】12. A 13. D 14. C 15. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。作者认为原谅并不总是最有益的选择，因为它可能会导致更多的伤害，主张原谅取决于具体情况。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段的“As kids, we are taught the importance of forgiving those who hurt us, as this is considered the moral action to take. We are instructed that forgiveness is a virtue and the only way for us to truly move on and heal, freed from the baggage of bearing ill will. Nonetheless, I’m not buying it. While forgiveness can certainly be a lovely gesture, it’s not always the most beneficial option for us. In fact, if someone has hurt you deeply and the relationship isn’t healthy, attempting to “fix” things might actually cause more damage than it’s worth.(作为孩子，我们被教导原谅那些伤害我们的人的重要性，因为这被认为是道德行为。我们被教导说，宽恕是一种美德，是我们真正前进和治愈的唯一途径，使我们从承载恶意的包袱中解脱出来。尽管如此，我并不买账。虽然宽恕当然是一个可爱的姿态，但它并不总是对我们最有益的选择。事实上，如果有人深深伤害了你，你们的关系并不健康，试图“修复”事情可能会造成比它更大的伤害)”可知，作者质疑传统观念中“原谅总是美德”的说法，认为原谅并不总是最有利的选择。故选A。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段的“A 2010 research paper published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology found that folks who forgave partners that didn’t make them feel valued had less respect for themselves. Letting minor offences that happen now and again slide can be great for any relationship, but repeatedly forgiving bad behavior can encourage that person to keep hurting you.(2010年发表在《人格与社会心理学杂志》上的一篇研究论文发现，那些原谅了没有让他们感到有价值的伴侣的人，对自己的尊重程度更低。让偶尔发生的小过错消失对任何关系都有好处，但反复原谅不好的行为会鼓励那个人继续伤害你)”和第四段的“At least, that’s what 2011 research by psychology professor James McNulty argues. He found that when a partner was more likely to forgive those acts, the aggressor was more likely to keep committing them. McNulty suggests that this is because facing the consequences of their actions is what motivates people to change their ways, and being offered a clean slate can be a kind of pass to avoid making changes. So forgiving frequent and major offences, like verbal or physical abuse, can do more harm than good.(至少，心理学教授詹姆斯·麦克纳尔蒂在2011年的研究中是这么认为的。他发现，当伴侣更有可能原谅这些行为时，攻击者更有可能继续犯下这些行为。麦克纳尔蒂认为，这是因为面对自己行为的后果会促使人们改变自己的方式，而让他们重新开始可能是一种避免做出改变的通行证。因此，原谅经常发生的重大过错，比如语言或身体虐待，弊大于利)”可知，作者引用了2010年《人格与社会心理学杂志》上的研究，以及心理学教授James McNulty在2011年的研究，来支持其观点，这些研究证明了频繁原谅可能导致自尊心下降和伤害行为的持续。故选D。 【14题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第四段的“At least, that’s what 2011 research by psychology professor James McNulty argues. He found that when a partner was more likely to forgive those acts, the aggressor was more likely to keep committing them. McNulty suggests that this is because facing the consequences of their actions is what motivates people to change their ways, and being offered a clean slate can be a kind of pass to avoid making changes. So forgiving frequent and major offences, like verbal or physical abuse, can do more harm than good.(至少，心理学教授詹姆斯·麦克纳尔蒂在2011年的研究中是这么认为的。他发现，当伴侣更有可能原谅这些行为时，攻击者更有可能继续犯下这些行为。麦克纳尔蒂认为，这是因为面对自己行为的后果会促使人们改变自己的方式，而给他们……可能会让他们避免做出改变。因此，原谅经常发生的重大过错，比如语言或身体虐待，弊大于利) ”可知，有的人之所以会再次伤害他人，是因为他们得到了受害者的“完全的原谅”，而不承担先前行为的任何后果，因此这一短语指的是“完全的原谅”。故选C。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段“As kids, we are taught the importance of forgiving those who hurt us, as this is considered the moral action to take. We are instructed that forgiveness is a virtue and the only way for us to truly move on and heal, freed from the baggage of bearing ill will. Nonetheless, I’m not buying it. While forgiveness can certainly be a lovely gesture, it’s not always the most beneficial option for us. In fact, if someone has hurt you deeply and the relationship isn’t healthy, attempting to “fix” things might actually cause more damage than it’s worth.(作为孩子，我们被教导原谅那些伤害我们的人的重要性，因为这被认为是道德行为。我们被教导说，宽恕是一种美德，是我们真正前进和治愈的唯一途径，使我们从承载恶意的包袱中解脱出来。尽管如此，我并不买账。虽然宽恕当然是一个可爱的姿态，但它并不总是对我们最有益的选择。事实上，如果有人深深伤害了你，你们的关系并不健康，试图“修复”事情可能会造成比它更大的伤害)”和最后一段的“From my perspective, this highlights the central conflict within the concept. Rather than viewing forgiveness as a magic medicine, we can shift our focus to acknowledging the truth and finding resolution, without feeling any necessity to forgive the person who hurt us.(从我的角度来看，这突出了概念中的核心冲突。与其将宽恕视为一剂灵丹妙药，不如将注意力转移到承认真相和寻找解决办法上，而不必去原谅伤害我们的人)”可知，作者质疑传统观念中“原谅总是美德”的说法，认为原谅并不总是最有利的选择，而是取决于具体情况，因此最合适的标题是“原谅有时取决于情况”。故选B。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 With the deepening integration of our lives into the digital era, it’s more critical than ever to sustain the flame of personal interactions, of which small talk is an indispensable part. ___16___ Here are the techniques to conquer the ability to make small talk effectively. Effective small talk is built on the principle of sincere interest. Genuine interest is about actively striving to comprehend the other individual, respecting their viewpoints, and acknowledging the uniqueness they contribute to the conversation. ___17___ ___18___ In the midst of a conversation, be attentive to the speaker’s bodily language, facial movements, and the tone of voice. Such signals provide valuable insights into their emotions and intentions. Being familiar with them not only helps you navigate the conversation with sensitivity but also paves the way for a deeper relationship by respecting the slight differences of the other person’s communication style. Actually listening and connecting with someone is essential for a conversation. By providing your undivided attention, you convey respect and interest in what the other person has to say. ___19___ Ask follow-up questions to show that you value their insights. This depth of engagement lays the foundation for a more meaningful connection. At the heart of successful small talk lies the authenticity (真实性) of your engagement. Authenticity fosters a sense of trust and connection, making the conversation more meaningful and memorable. Avoid the temptation to project an image or use scripted(照本宣科的) responses. ___20___ In the world of small talk, authenticity is the key that unlocks the door to deeper connections and more fulfilling interactions. A. Instead, let your true self shine through. B. Some accessible topics are great for small talk. C. Active listening involves fully engaging with the speaker. D. Small talk has the potential to form profound relationships. E. Beyond spoken words, small talk involves the art of observation. F. Focus on understanding their viewpoints beyond simply hearing words. G. By showing authentic curiosity, you make the other person feel seen and appreciated. 【答案】16. D 17. G 18. E 19. F 20. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。随着人们的生活越来越融入数字时代，通过闲聊促进人际交往变得更加重要，文中提供了做到有效闲聊的技巧。 【16题详解】 根据上文的“With the deepening integration of our lives into the digital era, it’s more critical than ever to sustain the flame of personal interactions, of which small talk is an indispensable part. (随着我们的生活与数字时代的日益融合，保持人际交往的热情比以往任何时候都更加重要，而闲聊是其中不可或缺的一部分)”和下文的“Here are the techniques to conquer the ability to make small talk effectively.(下面是一些技巧，可以帮助你有效地进行闲聊)”可知，D项(闲聊有可能建立深厚的关系)承接上文，说明了闲聊的作用，下文作为过渡句引出后文的有效闲聊的技巧。故选D项。 【17题详解】 根据上文的“Effective small talk is built on the principle of sincere interest. Genuine interest is about actively striving to comprehend the other individual, respecting their viewpoints, and acknowledging the uniqueness they contribute to the conversation.(有效的闲聊建立在真诚感兴趣的原则之上。真正的兴趣是积极地努力理解对方，尊重他们的观点，并承认他们在谈话中的独特性)”可知，G项(通过表现出真正的好奇心，你会让对方感到被关注和欣赏)承接上文，说明了做到有效的闲聊能够带来好处，有助于改进人际关系。故选G项。 【18题详解】 根据下文的“In the midst of a conversation, be attentive to the speaker’s bodily language, facial movements, and the tone of voice. Such signals provide valuable insights into their emotions and intentions. Being familiar with them not only helps you navigate the conversation with sensitivity but also paves the way for a deeper relationship by respecting the slight differences of the other person’s communication style.(在谈话中，注意说话人的肢体语言、面部动作和语调。这些信号为了解他们的情绪和意图提供了有价值的见解。熟悉它们不仅可以帮助你敏感地驾驭谈话，还可以通过尊重他人沟通风格的细微差异为更深层次的关系铺平道路。)”可知，E项(除了口头语言，闲聊还包括观察的艺术)说明了在闲聊中要注意观察，具体的观察点在下文中已经明确指出，同时下文指出了观察能够促进人际关系的提升。故选E项。 【19题详解】 根据上文的“Actually listening and connecting with someone is essential for a conversation. By providing your undivided attention, you convey respect and interest in what the other person has to say.(实际上，倾听和交流对谈话来说是必不可少的。通过全神贯注，你表达了对对方所说的话的尊重和兴趣)”和下文的“Ask follow-up questions to show that you value their insights. This depth of engagement lays the foundation for a more meaningful connection.(问一些后续问题来表明你重视他们的见解。这种深度参与为更有意义的联系奠定了基础)”可知，F项(专注于理解他们的观点，而不仅仅是听他们说话)承接上文，指出了在听的基础上还要理解对方的观点，下文指出可以通过问问题来体现你深度参与了交流。故选F项。 【20题详解】 根据上文的“At the heart of successful small talk lies the authenticity of your engagement. Authenticity fosters a sense of trust and connection, making the conversation more meaningful and memorable. Avoid the temptation to project an image or use scripted responses. (成功的闲聊的核心在于你参与的真实性。真诚能培养一种信任感和联系感，使谈话更有意义，更令人难忘。避免树立一种形象或使用照本宣科的响应的诱惑)”和下文的“In the world of small talk, authenticity is the key that unlocks the door to deeper connections and more fulfilling interactions.(在闲聊的世界里，真实性是打开通往更深层次联系和更充实互动之门的钥匙)”可知，A项(而是让真实的自己闪耀出来)承接上文，说明了在交流中要做到真诚，下文解释了做到真诚的原因所在。故选A项。 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15 小题：每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Ever since I was a child, I’ve cherished cycling for the happiness, autonomy, and harmony with nature it provides. As an average senior school student, my regular bike rides have evolved into something far more significant than just a fun activity through my daily bike rides, I have come to understand how to ___21___ life with a positive attitude. It’s like a little ___22___ that has taught me important lessons about staying positive, facing challenges and being ___23___. When I get on my bike and ride around familiar streets, it gives me the feeling of being on a small-scale exploration. It’s not just about reaching a(n) ___24___; exploring the known yet ever-changing landscape of my daily rides. It’s about enjoying the ride itself. Cycling has turned into a kind of teacher, helping me understand the ___25___ of practice and having a can-do spirit. One of the coolest things I’ve learned is about not giving up when things get hard. You know, when I’m endeavoring to cycle upwards a steep hill, it’s hard! But guess what? Even when my legs feel super tired, I keep going and do not give up, till I reach the ___26___. Life is kind of like that too. When I have a challenging task or any problems in my studies, I remember those steep hills. I know if I keep trying, I can ___27___ anything. Another thing that cycling has taught me is to be ready for surprises. The road isn’t always ___28___. Sometimes there are bumps, and you have to ride around them. When something is wrong with my bike, I do not ___29___. I try to find a solution. Life’s a bit like that too. It’s not always easy, but being flexible and staying positive helps me rise to the challenge and handle ____30____ problems. The most important part, though, is how cycling makes me feel happy and ____31____. The feeling of the breeze on my face and the steady pace of my cycling makes everything seem OK. It’s like a secret power — no matter what’s going on, it keeps me happy, lets me ____32____ my batteries, and lets me come back feeling ____33____. In the end, my daily bike rides have become more than just a way to get around. They’ve become a(n) ____34____ for how I want to live my life. Cycling has shown me that being positive, facing challenges with ____35____, and keeping an optimistic attitude can turn the life journey into a fantastic adventure. So, here’s to more bike rides and more fun! 21. A. approach B. endure C. guarantee D. challenge 22. A. phenomenon B. adventure C. coincidence D. entertainment 23. A. responsible B. unique C. traditional D. flexible 24. A. destination B. dilemma C. crisis D. cooperation 25. A. discovery B. comment C. value D. growth 26. A. platform B. coast C. stage D. top 27. A. overcome B. detect C. remove D. describe 28. A. delicate B. smooth C. fragile D. tough 29. A. panic B. insist C. pray D. volunteer 30. A. original B. crucial C. unexpected D. natural 31. A. useful B. carefree C. efficient D. curious 32. A. apply B. develop C. recharge D. recognize 33. A. alarmed B. refreshed C. embarrassed D. emotional 34. A. guide B. passenger C. victim D. audience 35. A. calmness B. attempt C. comfort D. determination 【答案】21. A 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. B 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇个人感悟类记叙文。文章主要通过作者描述自己从小热爱骑自行车的经历，以及这一爱好如何影响并塑造了作者的人生观和生活态度，展现了作者对生活的独特感悟和深刻理解。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始明白如何以积极的态度对待生活。A. approach接近；B. endure容忍；C. guarantee保证；D. challenge挑战。根据文章最后一段“Cycling has shown me that being positive, facing challenges with ___15___, and keeping an optimistic attitude can turn the life journey into a fantastic adventure.”可知，骑行改变了作者对待生活的态度。故选A。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就像一场小小的冒险，教会了我保持积极、面对挑战和灵活应变的重要经验。A. phenomenon现象；B. adventure冒险；C. coincidence巧合；D. entertainment娱乐。根据文章最后一段“Cycling has shown me that being positive, facing challenges with ___15___, and keeping an optimistic attitude can turn the life journey into a fantastic adventure.”可知，作者认为骑行就像一个小小的冒险。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这就像一场小小的冒险，教会了我保持积极、面对挑战和灵活应变的重要经验。A. responsible负责任的；B. unique独特的；C. traditional传统的；D. flexible灵活的。根据下文“Life’s a bit like that too. It’s not always easy, but being flexible and staying positive helps me rise to the challenge and handle ___10___ problems.”可知，骑行教会了作者灵活应变生活。故选D。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：骑行不仅仅是为了到达某个目的地；它是关于探索我所熟悉的但又不断变化的日常骑行路线。A. destination目的地；B. dilemma困境；C. crisis危机；D. cooperation合作。根据空前的“reach”以及常理可知，骑行不仅仅是到达一个目的地。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：骑自行车变成了一种老师，帮助我理解了实践和拥有“我能做到”的精神的价值。A. discovery发现；B. comment评论；C. value价值；D. growth生长。根据上文“It’s about enjoying the ride itself.”可知，这是一种实践的价值。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：即使我的腿感到超级疲惫，我还是继续前行，不放弃，直到我到达山顶。A. platform平台；B. coast海岸；C. stage舞台；D. top顶部。根据上文“One of the coolest things I’ve learned is about not giving up when things get hard.”可知，骑行让作者学会不放弃，由此可知，作者即便在骑行中非常疲惫，也会继续前行，不放弃，直到到达山顶。故选D。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道只要我继续努力，我就能克服任何困难。A. overcome克服；B. detect发觉；C. remove消除；D. describe描述。根据上文“Even when my legs feel super tired, I keep going and do not give up, till I reach the ___6___ . Life is kind of like that too.”可知，作者在骑行时即便非常疲惫或遇到困难，也绝不放弃。而作者认为生活和骑行一样。由此可知，作者认为只要自己努力，就能克服一切。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：道路并不总是平坦的。A. delicate精致的；B. smooth平稳的；C. fragile易碎的；D. tough强硬的、棘手的、艰苦的。根据下文“Sometimes there are bumps, and you have to ride around them.”可知，人生的道路并不平坦，有时会有颠簸。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我的自行车出问题时，我不会惊慌。A. panic使……惊慌；B. insist坚持；C. pray祈祷；D. volunteer自愿做。根据下文“I try to find a solution.”可知，作者的自行车遇到问题时，作者不会惊慌，而是冷静地找到解决方案。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它并不总是那么容易，但保持灵活和积极的态度有助于我应对挑战和处理意想不到的问题。A. original最初的、有独创性的；B. crucial决定性的、关键的；C. unexpected意外的；D. natural自然的。根据上文“Another thing that cycling has taught me is to be ready for surprises.”以及“Even when my legs feel super tired, I keep going and do not give up, till I reach the ___6___ . Life is kind of like that too.”可知，生活中总是有意外发生，当作者骑行时，有时自行车会发生问题，此时的作者会冷静想出解决的方法。而作者认为生活也是如此，由此可推测，作者认为我们应该保持灵活和积极的态度来应对挑战和处理意想不到的问题。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，最重要的是骑自行车让我感到快乐和无忧无虑。A. useful有使用的；B. carefree无忧无虑的；C. efficient效率高的；D. curious好奇的。根据空前的“happy”以及下文的“The feeling of the breeze on my face and the steady pace of my cycling makes everything seem OK.”可知，骑行会让作者感到快乐没有烦恼。故选B。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这就像一种秘密的力量——无论发生什么，它都让我保持快乐，让我重新充满能量，并让我回到感到精神焕发。A. apply应用、申请；B. develop发展、培养；C. recharge再充电、恢复精力；D. recognize认出。根据空后的“lets me come back feeling ___13___ .”可推测，骑行会让作者感到快乐，也就是重新充满能量，从而精神焕发。故选C。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这就像一种秘密的力量——无论发生什么，它都让我保持快乐，让我重新充满能量，并让我回到感到精神焕发。A. alarmed惊恐的；B. refreshed恢复精神的；C. embarrassed尴尬的；D. emotional情绪的。根据上文“It’s like a secret power — no matter what’s going on, it keeps me happy, lets me ___12___ my batteries”可知，充满能量的作者会感到精神焕发，没有烦恼。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们成为了我如何过我想要的生活的指南。A. guide向导、导游；B. passenger乘客；C. victim受害者；D. audience听众、观众。根据上文“Cycling has turned into a kind of teacher”以及全文内容可知，作者从骑行中获得的感悟成为了作者生活的指南。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：骑自行车让我明白，保持积极，以决心面对挑战，并保持乐观的态度，可以将生活旅程变成一次奇妙的冒险。A. calmness平静、镇静；B. attempt试图；C. comfort舒适、安慰；D. determination决心。根据上文“One of the coolest things I’ve learned is about not giving up when things get hard.”可知，作者认为骑行让自己不放弃，也就是面对挑战时有决心有毅力。故选D。 第四部分 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。 In his online appeal for love, Maezawa said he hoped that finding a companion would ease the “feelings of ___36___(lonely) and emptiness” within him. A few months later, however, he abruptly called off this quest for a romantic partner. Now, it ___37___(seem) that Maezawa is betting robots may be able to fill the hole in one’s heart. The billionaire announced that he was buying Japanese robotics startup Groove X, ___38___ makes a product called Lovot, ___39___ combination of the words “love” and “robot”. The pet-sized companion robots aim ___40___(stimulate) an “instinct to love” in its human customers with potential use cases in nursing homes and with children. These robots don’t seek to provide any convenience or practical purpose. In fact, the company has previously described it ___41___ “not a useful robot” since the robot was “born for just one reason-to be loved by human customers”. ___42___ the robot can’t clean or do work, he sees a big potential that can make people feel happy. It may seem like something out of science fiction, but some researchers say there is a lot of potential for robots to become beloved human companions. “A substantial amount of research in human-robot ___43___ (interact) shows that people can develop true emotional attachments to robots, and ___44___ this is something that can be encouraged through intentional design,” Kate Darling, a personal robotics research specialists said. “We are very relational creatures,” Darling said. “There’s no doubt in my mind that people can and will emotionally relate ____45____ robots in the future.” 【答案】36. loneliness 37. seems 38. which 39. a 40. to stimulate 41. as 42. Although##While##Though 43. interaction 44. that 45. to 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道，文章讲述了亿万富富翁Maezawa宣布将收购日本机器人初创公司Groove X，推广该公司生产的名为Lovot的机器人，用于陪伴人们以消除孤独并获取快乐。 【36题详解】 考查名词。句意：Maezawa 作在网上呼吁爱情时表示，他希望找到一个伴侣能缓解他内心的“孤独和空虚感”。此处使用名词作宾语，需要的词义为“孤独”，即loneliness，不可数名词，故填loneliness。 37题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：现在，Maezawa 似乎在打赌机器人或许能够填补人心中的空洞。根据句中的“Now”可知，谓语动词使用一般现在时，主语it为单数意义，故填seems。 【38题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：这位亿万富翁宣布，他将收购日本机器人初创公司Groove X，该公司生产的产品名为Lovot，是“爱”和“机器人”两个词的组合。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，Groove X是先行词，指物，从句中缺少主语，因此使用which引导定语从句，故填which。 【39题详解】 考查冠词。句意：这位亿万富翁宣布，他将收购日本机器人初创公司Groove X，该公司生产的产品名为Lovot，是“爱”和“机器人”两个词的组合。 combination为可数名词，是以辅音音素开头的单词，因此使用不定冠词a，故填a。 【40题详解】 考查动词不定式。句意：这些宠物大小的伴侣机器人旨在激发人类客户的“爱的本能”，潜在的使用案例包括养老院和儿童。aim to do：旨在做某事，故填to stimulate。 【41题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：事实上，该公司此前曾将其描述为“不是一个有用的机器人”，因为这个机器人“诞生的原因只有一个——被人类顾客喜爱”。固定短语“describe...as...”意为“把……描述成……”，故填as。 【42题详解】 考查从属连词。句意：虽然机器人不能清扫或进行工作，但他看到了一个巨大的潜力，可以让人们感到快乐。空格处引导让步状语从句，需要的词义为“虽然”，可以使用连词although或while或though，空格位于句首，故填Although或While或Though。 【43题详解】 考查名词。句意：大量关于人机交互的研究表明，人们可以对机器人产生真正的情感依恋，并且这是可以通过有意识的设计来鼓励的。此处使用名词作宾语，需要的词义为“相互影响，交互作用”，即interaction，它为不可数名词，故填interaction。 【44题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：大量关于人机交互的研究表明，人们可以对机器人产生真正的情感依恋，并且这是可以通过有意识的设计来鼓励的。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导宾语从句，从句在语义和成分上均是完整的，因此使用that引导宾语从句，当两个宾语从句并列时，第二个从句前的that不能省略，故填that。 【45题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：在我看来，毫无疑问，未来人们能够并且将会在情感上与机器人产生联系。固定短语“relate to”意为“与……有关联”，故填to。 第五部分 书面表达（满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，是你校英文报增设“职业规划”（Career Planning）栏目的负责人，请给职业规划师David写一封邮件向他约稿，内容包括： 1．栏目介绍；2．稿件内容；3．稿件长度：约800词；4．交稿日期：6月2日前。 注意：1．词数80左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear David, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear David, How’s everything going? I’m honored to invite you to write an article for our school’s English newspaper. Career Planning is a newly added column designed to help us get a better understanding of the job market. The article you write is designed to deal with what qualities we should possess to satisfy the requirements of different jobs. In addition, I hope you can offer some tips on how we can get well-prepared for our future career. About 800 words would be fine. And it can’t be better if you can submit your article before June 2. Looking forward to your words of wisdom. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给职业规划师David写一封邮件，为学校英文报增设的“职业规划”栏目向他约稿。 【详解】1.词汇积累 邀请：invite→ask 帮助：help→assist 希望：hope→wish 建议：tip→advice 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I’m honored to invite you to write an article for our school’s English newspaper. 拓展句：I’m honored to invite you to write an article for our school’s English newspaper, which is a great honor to me. 【点睛】【高分句型1】The article you write is designed to deal with what qualities we should possess to satisfy the requirements of different jobs. (运用了省略关系代词的限制性定语从句和what引导的宾语从句) 【高分句型2】In addition, I hope you can offer some tips on how we can get well-prepared for our future career. (运用了how引导的宾语从句) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I was confident at the audition (试演) for the school play and felt pleased to get a role. It just felt good to be in the play, even if I had only four or five lines. I worked hard at perfecting those lines. I repeated them over and over again. I put in the emphases and intonations (语调) that my drama teacher had suggested and, because I was on stage much longer than for just four or five lines, I had many actions to rehearse (排练) and perform. “Do them in front of a mirror,” my drama teacher had advised me. “Watch how you look; practice and rehearse as often as you can.” I did just that. I worked and worked at it. It was fun and exciting rehearsing. Then finally the big night came. Suddenly, things felt different. The theater was full of people. As I dressed, I could hear the chattering and noises of the audience-something that hadn’t been there during rehearsal. I looked around at the other more experienced actors and saw that the confidence they’d shown at rehearsal seemed to have disappeared. Everyone was on edge (紧张不安), anxious, and worried. Had they got their makeup right? Was the costume done up correctly? What if they forgot their lines? The more people talked about their anxiety, the more edgy everyone became. The worries bounced from one person to another-like a baton (接力棒) being passed in a relay race-until the whole of the backstage area seemed to be buzzing with tension and worry. I was on stage early, at first performing my non-spoken role in the background with several other guys around the same age. When, suddenly, I heard my cue (出场提示), the lights were bright in my eyes; I couldn’t see the audience but knew there were hundreds of people out there all watching me. The words that had flowed so easily when I stood in front of a mirror in my bedroom didn’t want to come, and when they did I found myself hurrying into them. I tried to slow down my thoughts and my words. Para1: But I suddenly realized I had missed a sentence. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Para2: No one commented on my missed sentence-apart from my drama teacher. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文： Para1: But I suddenly realized I had missed a sentence. What should I do? I chose to carry on, but when I finished and left the stage my hands felt sweaty and my heart was racing. I didn’t think about what I had achieved-performing my first solo part in a major production. Instead I was beating myself up for the sentence that I’d missed. The audience, of course, didn’t know I had missed a sentence. They made no gasps of horror, sounds of rebuke, or peals of laughter at my mistake. My fellow actors had just carried on as though nothing had happened and, after the play had finished, they were so busy talking about their own performances. Para2: No one commented on my missed sentence-apart from my drama teacher. “Well done,” she said. “Acting is like learning to ride a bike. You may not get it perfect the first time. You may fall off a few times, yet each time you get back on you do it better. Your performance may not have been perfect but, for your first time, it was great.” I felt reassured. It seemed like my teacher was saying it is okay to learn. You don’t have to be perfect, especially when you start something new. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者自己在学校戏剧试镜、排练和最终演出的整个过程，以及在这一过程中的感受和经历。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“但我突然意识到我漏掉了一个句子。”以及第二段首句内容“除了我的戏剧老师，没有人评论我遗漏的句子。”可知，第一段可描写作者因为自己遗漏了一个句子而非常的懊恼。 ②由第二段首句内容“除了我的戏剧老师，没有人评论我遗漏的句子。”可知，第二段可描写老师认为作者已经表现得非常好。 2.续写线索：作者在学校戏剧表演中获得了一个角色——作者非常高兴，每天都在认真练习——表演的那一天终于到来了，作者发现所有的演员都很紧张——而这种紧张在每个人中蔓延——轮到作者表演时，作者非常紧张，漏掉了一个句子，作者忐忑不安，但是观众并不知道——表演结束后，作者的老师表扬了作者，认为作者虽然漏了一个句子，但是表现得很好，而且没有失败怎会完美 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①选择：choose to/make a choice to ②完成：finish/accomplish ③开始：start/begin 情绪类 ①恐怖：horror/terror ②感到安心的：feel reassured/feel relieved 【点睛】【高分句型1】I chose to carry on, but when I finished and left the stage my hands felt sweaty and my heart was racing.(运用了when引导的时间状语从句) 【高分句型2】The audience, of course, didn’t know I had missed a sentence.(运用了省略引导词that的宾语从句) 1-5 CAACB 6-10 CBABA 11-15 BCACA 16-20 BBAAC 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$