Unit 4 Friends forever 词汇拓展及巩固练习 -2023-2024学年高中英语外研版（2019）必修第一册

Unit 4 Part 1课本词汇 forever adv. 永远 familiar adj. 熟悉的 adventure n. 历险(经历)，奇遇 prefer v. 更喜欢 lose track of 不了解……的情况，不了解… deliver v. 递送，传送 thanks to 归功于……，多亏… advance n. 进步，进展 significantly adv. 重大地， social media 社交媒体 maintain v. 保持，维持 wi-fi n. 无线网络，无线上网 click v. 点击(鼠标) digital adj. 数字的，数码的 enable v. 使可能，使发生 unusual adj. 异常的，不平常的 site n. 网站 tend v. 易于做某事；往往会发生某事 update n. 最新消息 saying n. 格言；谚语；警句 criminal n. 罪犯 bathwater n 浴水；洗澡水 throw the baby out with the bathwater 不分良莠一起抛 acquire v. 获得；得到 goods n. 商品 prove v. 证明；证实 illustrate v. （举例）说明；阐明 diagram n. 图解；示意图 inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的 teenager n. 青少年；十几岁的孩子 pour v. 注，倒 pot n. 锅 gram n. 克 pack n. 小盒，小包 comfort n. 安，慰藉 patience n. 耐心 passion n. 强烈的情感，激情 generosity n.慷慨，大方 slice n. 片，薄片 humour n. 幽默感 quality n. 素质，品德 anxious adj. 焦虑的，不安的 distance n. 使与…保持距离， postpone v. 使(事件、行动等)延期，推迟 ordinary adj. 普通的，平常的 scar n. 伤疤 dine v. 进餐 chum n. 好朋友 chap n. 小伙子，家伙 fortune n. 大笔的钱，巨款 make one's fortune发财 drag v. 拖，拉 ought to 应该，应当 destiny n. 命运，天命 correspond v. 通信 proposition n. 事业，生意 hustle v. 拼命干，努力干 staunch adj. 坚定的，忠实可靠的 partner n. 伙伴，搭 turn up (意外地或于)出现 excerpt n. 摘录，节录 appointed adj. 约定的，指定的 strike v. 划(火柴) cigar n. 雪烟 plain adj. 简单的，朴素的 scene n. 场景 bitterly adv 痛苦地，愤恨地 ashamed adj 感到不好意思的，难为情的 unfold v. (卷着的东西)展开，打开 location n. 地点，位置 surroundings n. 周围的事物，环境 personality n. 个性，性格 atmosphere n. 气氛，氛围，环境 Part 2 派生拓展 1．familiar adj．熟悉的→unfamiliar adj. 不熟悉的→familiarity n．熟悉；通晓 2．adventure n．历险(经历)，奇遇；冒险→adventurous adj．有冒险精神的；爱冒险的，大胆开拓的 3．prefer v．更喜欢→preferred adj. 首选的→preferable adj. 更可取的→preference n．偏爱；偏爱的事物/人 4．deliver v．递送，传送，接生，发表→delivery n．递送，传送，分娩 5．advance n．进步，进展 v．前进adj. 预先的→advanced adj．先进的，高级的 6．significantly adv．重大地，显著地→significant adj．重大的，显著的→significance n．重要性；意义 7．enable v．使可能，使发生→able adj．能够的；有能力的；有才干的→unable adj．不能的，不会的；无能力的 8．unusual adj．异常的，不平常的→usual adj．通常的→usually adv．通常地 9．tend v．易于做某事，往往会发生某事→tendency n．倾向，趋势 10.up adv.向上+date v.注明日期→ update vt.更新 n.最新消息 11. say v. 说，讲→saying n.格言；谚语；警句 12. crime n.罪，犯罪活动→criminal n.罪犯 13. bath n. 沐浴，洗澡+water n.水 →bathwater n.浴水，洗澡水 14. acquire vt. 获得，得到→ acquisition n. 获得；习得；得到的东西 15. illustrate vt.说明，阐明→ illustration n.图解，图示 → illustrator n. 插图画家 16．inspiring adj．鼓舞人心的，启发灵感的→inspire v．鼓励，启发→inspiration n．灵感；启发灵感的人(或事物)→inspired adj．受到启发的 17. teen+ age→ teenage adj.十几岁的，青少年的→ teenager n.青少年；十几岁的孩子 18. pack n. 包，纸盒 v.收拾；包装 →package n.包裹 v包装，把…包装好 →packaging n. 包装，包装材料 → packet n.小包，小袋 19．comfort n．安慰，慰藉 v．安慰→comfortable adj．舒适的，舒服的→comfortably adv. 舒服地，舒适地→uncomfortable adj.不舒服的； 不舒适的，不安的；尴尬的 20．patience n．耐心→patient adj．耐心的；容忍的 n．病人→patiently adv．耐心地，容忍地 21. passion n.强烈的情感，激情 →passionate adj. 热情的，狂热的，热爱的 22. generous adj. 慷慨的，大方的→generously adv. 慷慨地；大方地→ generosity n.慷慨；大方 23. humor n.幽默感→ humorous adj. 幽默的，诙谐的 24．anxious adj．焦虑的，不安的→anxiety n．焦虑，不安→ anxiously adv.焦虑地 25．distance v．使与……保持距离，撇清和……的关系n.距离，远处，疏远→distant adj．遥远的，疏远的 26. dine vi.进餐 → dining n.进餐→ diner n.就餐者 27. fortune n.大笔的钱，巨款，运气，命运→fortunate adj. 幸运的，吉利的→unfortunate adj.不幸的，倒霉的→ fortunately adv. 幸运地；幸亏 28. correspond vi 通信，相符合，相当→ corresponding adj 相应的，对应的→correspond n.记者，通讯员 29. partner n.伙伴，搭档→ partnership n.合伙关系，伙伴关系 30．appointed adj．约定的，指定的→appoint v．约定；任命→appointment n．约定；任命 31. strike v.划，打，突然袭击，突然想到，罢工→ striking adj.惊人的，显著的，引人注目的→stricken adj.受灾的，患病的，受苦的→ striker n.罢工者 32．bitterly adv．痛苦地，愤恨地→bitter adj．痛苦的；苦的 33. unfold v.（卷着的东西）展开，打开→ fold v. 对折，折叠 34．location n．地点，位置→locate v．位于→located adj.坐落于，位于 35. surround vt.包围，环绕→ surrounding adj. 周围的→ surroundings n.周围的事物，环境 36. person n.人→personal adj. 个人的→ personally adv.亲自，就个人而言→personality n.个性，性格 37. logic n. 逻辑，道理→ logical adj. 符合逻辑的；合乎情理的 Part 3 重点单词和短语 【重点词汇】 familiar adj.熟悉的 (教材原句P37)　With no familiar faces in view 看不到熟悉的面孔 [例1]I took a glance at the hall and found many familiar faces among the students. 我扫视了一下大厅，发现观众中有许多熟悉的面孔。 [例2]The voices on the phone sounded familiar. 电话里的声音很耳熟。 [造句]回到熟悉的环境里让人松了一口气。 It was a relief to be back in familiar surroundings. [知识拓展] (1)sb.be familiar with...某人熟悉……(主动) ...be familiar to sb. ……为某人所熟悉(被动) →unfamiliar adj. 陌生的，不熟悉的 prefer vt.更喜欢；选择某事物(而不选择其他事物) (教材原句P38)　How do you prefer to communicate with friends every day? 你喜欢如何每天与朋友交流？ [例1]　Which do you prefer，fish or meat? 你更喜欢吃什么， 鱼还是肉？ [例2]　Of the two cars，I prefer that red one. 两辆小汽车中，我更喜欢那辆红色的。 [翻译]　就个人而言，我更喜欢沿长江旅行，它是中国最长的河，也是中华文明的母亲河之一。 Personally，I prefer the tour along the Yangtze，the longest river and one of the Mother Rivers of Chinese civilizations. [知识拓展] (1)prefer (sb.) to do sth.更喜欢(某人)做…… prefer (doing) sth.to (doing) sth. 宁愿(做)某事……也不愿(做)某事 prefer to do sth.rather than do sth. ＝would rather do sth.than do sth. 宁可……也不…… prefer that...(should) do sth. 宁愿…… →preference n. 偏爱；爱好 lose track of 不了解……的情况，不了解……的动态；忘记 How would you feel if moving to a new town meant losing track of your friends? 如果搬家到一个新的城镇意味着与你的朋友失去联系，那么你会感觉如何？ [例1]Mary lost track of her friends at camp after summer. 夏天过后，玛丽就和她一起宿营的朋友失去了联系。 [例2]His mind would wander，and he would lose track of what he was doing. 他会走神，忘了自己正在干什么。 [造句]我们失去联系五年了。 It is five years since we lost track of each other. [知识拓展] (1)keep track of 与……保持联系，了解……的动态 be on track 稳步前进，走上正轨 (2)track down 追踪找到，追查到 Thanks to advances in technology，how we make friends and communicate with them has changed significantly. 由于科技的进步，我们结交朋友与朋友、沟通的方式已经有了明显的改变。 (1)thanks to归功于……，多亏…… [例1]Thanks to the timely help，many lucky people survived the earthquake. 多亏了及时的帮助，很多幸运的人得以在地震中幸存下来。 [例2]Thanks to his strong constitution，Jack was able to pull through his recent serious illness. 幸亏他体质好，杰克才得以平安度过了最近这场大病。 [造句]多亏我队友的帮助，我准时完成了这项任务。 Thanks to my teammate's help，I finished the task on time. [知识拓展] 表示“因为；由于”的短语还有：owing to，due to，because of，as a result of，on account of等。 deliver vt.递送,传递 【词汇拓展】 deliver sth. to sb.给某人送某物 deliver a speech/lecture 演讲/讲课 →delivery n.投递 deliver n.递送人 advance n．进步，进展；v.前进；促进；提出；提前 adj.预先的，在前的 [例1]There have been great advances in medicine in the last ten years. 在过去十年里，医学取得了巨大的进步。 [例2]The strikers advanced on/towards us，shouting angrily. 罢工的人愤怒地喊叫着向我们逼近。 [造句]这是个很受欢迎的演出，所以一定要提前订票。 It is a popular show，so advance booking is essential. [知识拓展] (1)in advance＝ahead of time　　 提前，预先 in advance of... 在……前面；比……进步/超前 make an advance in sth. 在某方面有进步 →advanced adj. 先进的；高级的 up to 忙于，从事着(尤指坏事)；在捣鬼 Social media tools let us see what our friends are up to and maintain friendships. 社交媒体工具让我们了解朋友的最新状态并维系友谊。 [例1]　What have you been up to this week? 你这个星期一直忙什么呢？ [例2]　The children are very quiet.I wonder what they are up to. 孩子们很安静，我想知道他们在搞什么鬼。 [造句]　我认为父亲想要知道目前我在做什么，所以我决定给他发条短信。 I think my father would like to know what I've been up to so far，so I decide to send him a message. [知识拓展] up to其他用法： (1)达到……程度或数量(相当于 as far as) (2)表示时间限制，“直到……为止”(相当于 till) (3)(体力或智力上)，能胜任(相当于 fit for) (4)由……决定，取决于(常用于 It is up to sb.to do sth.句型) tend v．易于做某事，往往会发生某事 On social media sites，people tend to post only positive updates that make them appear happy and friendly. 在社交媒体网站上，人们往往只会将正面的最新信息展现出来，让他们看起来很快乐、很友好。 [例1]　Opportunities and success tend to be in favour of those who are ready. 机遇和成功往往青睐于那些有准备的人。 [例2]People under stress tend to express their full range of potential. 处于压力下的人容易发挥自己全部的潜力。 [造句]别人不同意她的看法时，她很容易生气。 She tends to get angry when others disagree with her. [知识拓展] (1)tend to do sth.　趋向做某事 tend (to) sb./sth. 照顾/护理/看护…… tend towards 倾向，有助于 →tendency n. 趋向；倾向 have a tendency to do sth. 倾向于做……；喜欢做…… prove v．证明，证实 To prove that making friends was easier in the past. 为了证明过去交友更容易。 [例1]She wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty. 她想证明她既美丽又有智慧。 [例2]It's a challenging job but I'm sure you'll prove equal to it. 这是一份有挑战性的工作，但是我相信你会胜任的。 [造句]去首都的旅行被证明是值得的。 It proved worthwhile to make the trip to the capital city. [知识拓展] (1)prove sth.to sb.向某人证明某事 prove that­clause 证明…… prove n．/to be 结果是；证明是 →proof n. 证据 distance v.使与……保持距离,撇清和……的关系 【词汇拓展】 distance n.距离,远方 in the distance在远处 from a distance从远处 at a distance(of)在……远的地方,距离稍远 keep one’s distance(from)(与……)保持距离 keep sb.at a distance对某人冷淡,与某人疏远,与某人保持一定距离 →distant adj.遥远的,远处的,久远的 【重点句子】 what if... 倘使……将会怎样 What if the only way of getting news from faraway friends was writing letters that took ages to be delivered? 如果只有通过写信和漫长的等待才能得知远方朋友的消息，你会怎样？ 句式分析：what if意为“倘若……将会怎样；即使……又有什么关系” [例1]　What if he gets angry? I'm a little worried. 倘若他生气该怎么办？我有点儿担心。 [例2]　We've already ordered a table.What if they do not come? 我们已经定好了位子。要是他们不来该怎么办呢？ [造句]　那个提议听起来很诱人，但如果是个骗局会怎么样？ It sounds like a good offer，but what if it's a trick? [知识拓展] (1)How come？用于口语交际中，表示疑惑，意为“为什么会这样呢，怎么搞的？”How come 还可以接从句或v.­ing 形式。 (2)So what？那又怎么样？ (3)what for... 为……目的 (4)what about.../how about...……怎么样(表建议) [翻译]①既然她在巴黎待了五年，她的法语怎么还会这样糟糕？ If she spent five years in Paris，how come her French is so bad? ②他比你小十五岁呢！ He is fifteen years younger than you! 那又怎么样？ So what? whatever引导让步状语从句 Whatever our hobbies，the Internet can connect us with others who also enjoy doing them，even if they live on the other side of the world. 无论我们爱好什么，互联网总能把我们与喜爱做这些事情的人联系起来，即使那些人生活在世界的另一边。 句式分析：whatever引导让步状语从句，其相当于no matter what，意为“不管什么，无论什么”。 [例1]　Whatever you do，you can't go against nature. 无论你做什么，都不能违背自然规律。 [例2]　Whatever/No matter what you say，I won't believe you. 无论你说什么，我都不会相信你。 [造句]　无论遇到什么困难，我们都能解决它们。 No matter what/Whatever difficulties we meet，we can work them out. [知识拓展] whatever/whoever/whichever这一类词既可引导名词性从句，也可引导让步状语从句；而however/wherever/whenever一般只引导让步状语从句。 [翻译]　①既然我考试及格了，可以做任何我喜欢的事了。 Now that I have passed my exams，I can do whatever I like. ②无论问题有多难，他都能回答。 He can answer the question however hard it is. Part 4 巩固练习 一、单词拼写 1 You can _____(点击) the link below to get more details about the news. 2 Production of the _______(商品) must fit in with the needs of the society. 3 The police at once began a search from house to house for a _______(罪犯). 4 Although she is a famous singer, she dresses like an _______(普通的) girl. 5 It is your parents who love you ________(永远) and always are there with you. 6 We can take photos using a _______ (数字的) camera and input the photos into a computer. 7 There is a Chinese _______(谚语) going like this: bad news gets about quicker than good news. 8 The postmen work long hours everyday, and they have to _______(递送)the goods in all weather conditions. 9 A_______(青少年) is someone who is between thirteen and nineteen years old. 10 These products are of high _______(质量)， so they are a little more expensive than those. 二、单句语法填空 1 None of us has ever been there, so the local customs are not so familiar _____ any of us. 2 To ensure the safety of your computer, the software should _______(update) in time. 3 I think my education and professional experience will enable me ______(offer) helpful services for your company. 4 I`d appreciate it if you could let me know ______ advance whether or not you will come. 5 Knowledge can ______(acquire) from books, while skills must be learned through practice. 6 My sister is very shy and doesn`t know how to communicate _____ strangers. 7 Thanks _____ your timely help, we finished the task just before the deadline. 8 You ought to be ashamed ______ your foolish behaviour. 9 The rent is reasonable, and moreover, the ______(locate)is perfect. 10 Wherever you are, you should always keep _____ mind that you are a Chinese. 三、语段填词 1 There is a growing _______ in China that people ______ to hire a caregiver to _______ to their sick parents because they are always busy.(tend) 2 Listening to his _____ speech, we were ______ to make greater efforts. It gave us not only hope but also ______ (inspire). 3 Although the _____ was out of ______ , the nurse was still ______ with her work and did it ______ .(patient) 4 Determined to learn the ______ technology abroad, he has made some ______ preparations and applied for a passport in ______ . He believes he will make great ______ in this field.( advance) 5 What a _______! You should be _____ of your bad behaviour. (ashamed) 6 Now most people have realized it ______ to protect the environment, because it is of great_______ to our life. To our joy, the environment has improved _____ in the past ten years.(significance) 7 I must arrive at his office a t the ____ time because I have had an _________ with him. But I was _______ to pick up a guest of our company at the airport.(appoint) 8 I ________pop music while my father has a ______ for Peking Opera.(prefer) 9 It was ______ of them to make a _____ by trading with foreigners. And more _____ for them, they were supported by the government.(fortunate) 四、完成句子 1 __________, you shouldn`t lose heart. 无论发生什么事，你都不要丧失信心。 2 I must ________ before the boss comes back. 我必须在老板回来之前把房间打扫干净。 3 The teacher got angry because of ____________. 那个男孩子做的事情让老师很生气。 4 _____________, I can`t send this book to him. 不知道他的地址，我不能把这本书寄给他。 5 ____________ tomorrow? 倘若明天下雨将会怎样呢？ 5、 微写作 假设你是李华。最近你班学生就是否应该在社交媒体上交友进行了讨论，请根据下列要求写一篇短文。 1 在数字时代，随着互联网的发展，在社交媒体上交友成为一种时尚。 2 最近，我们班就它的一些优点和缺点进行了热烈的讨论。 3 一些学生认为它能使人人间避免推动的联系，这有助于维持他们的友谊。 4 然而，一些学生对此表示反对，他们说人们的个人信息可能会被犯罪分子在非法网站上利用。 5 在我看来，虽然科技改变了我们结交朋友的方式，但友谊的意义依然不变。 注意： 1 词数80左右。 2 尽量使用本单元的知识点。 3 可适当增加细节。 六、语法填空 How would feel if moving to a new town meant 1_____(lose) track of your friends? What if the only way of getting news from faraway friends was writing letters that took 2_____(age) to be delivered? Thanks to advances in technology, how e make friends and communicate with them has changed 3_____(significant). The digital age 4_____(enable) us to find people who share our interests, such as collecting model cars or playing an unusual instruments. Whatever our hobbies, the Internet can connect us with others 5____ also enjoy doing them, even if they live on 6_____ other side of the world. On social media sites, people tend 7_____(post) only positive updates that make them appear happy and 8____(friend). But smiling photos can hide real problems. Remember the saying : on the Internet, nobody knows you`re a dog. A young person could be old; a woman could be a man; we could even be sharing our information 9____ criminals. But this doesn`t mean that we should throw the baby out with the bathwater. Although technology has changed the way we acquire friends, the 10_______(mean) of friendship and our longing for friends remain the same. As Aristotle said, no one would choose to live without friends, even if he had all other goods. 参考答案 一、1 click 2 goods 3 criminal 4 ordinary 5 forever 6 digital 7 saying 8 deliver 9 teenager 10 quality 二、1 to 2 be updated 3 to offer 4 in 5 be acquired 6 with 7 to 8 of 9 location 10 in 三、1 tendency, tend , tend 2 inspiring, inspired, inspiration 3 patient, patience, patient, patiently 4 advanced, advance, advance, advances 5 shame, ashamed 6 significant, significance, significantly 7 appointed, appointment, appointed 8 prefer, preference 9 fortunate, fortune, fortunately 四、1 Whatever happens 2 have the room cleaned 3 what the boy had done 4 Not knowing his address 5 What if it rains 五、 In the digital age, with the advances of the Internet, making friends on social media is becoming a fashion. Recently, our class had a heated discussion about some advantages and disadvantages of it. Some students think that it enables people to avoid losing track of each other, which helps to maintain their friendship. However, some students are against it by saying that people`s personal information may be made use of by criminals on illegal sites. In my opinion, although technology has changed the way we acquire friends, the meaning of friendship remain the same. 六、1 losing 2 ages 3 significantly 4 enables 5 who 6 the 7 to post 8 friendly 9 with 10 meaning 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$