衔接点11 句型转换（小初考点差异及衔接）-2024年小升初英语无忧衔接（通用版）

衔接点11 句型转换（小初考点差异及衔接） 小学要求 主语学习改为否定句、改为一般疑问句、改为一般疑问句方法 初中要求 主语学习改为否定句、改为一般疑问句、改为一般疑问句方法及同义句（单句和复合句，时态和语态之间的变化） 【小学句型转换考点聚焦】 一．改写句子 1．You can see a hospital. (改为否定句) __________________________________________ 2．She is very friendly. (改为一般疑问句) _________________________________________________________ 3．She has big eyes and long hair. (改为一般疑问句) _________________________________________________________ 4．It's a lot of fun. (改为一般疑问句) __________________________________________________________ 5．They go home and get together with their family. (改为一般疑问句) __________________________________________________________ 1．You can't see a hospital. 【详解】句意：你可以看到一家医院。题干要求改为否定句，情态动词can后加not即可，can not 缩写为can't，其他的不变，故答案为You can't see a hospital. 2．Is she very friendly? 【详解】句意：她非常友好。原句中有be动词is，变成一般疑问句把is放在句式，其它内容不变化，句末加问号，故答案为Is she very friendly? 3.Does she have big eyes and long hair? 【详解】原句句意：她有一双大眼睛和一头长发。句子含实意动词has，改为一般疑问句，需要借助助动词does，has还原为have，故答案为Does she have big eyes and long hair? 4.Is it a lot of fun? 【详解】句意：这很有趣。含有系动词is的陈述句改为一般疑问句，把is提前，故答案为Is it a lot of fun? 5.Do they go home and get together with their family? 【详解】原句句意：他们回家和家人团聚。原句是一般现在时，主语they是第三人称复数，改为一般疑问句，助动词用do，故答案为Do they go home and get together with their family? 二、对划线部分提问 1．We must follow the rules on the road.          _______ _______ _______ do on the road? 2．You must not read on the road. _______ ________ I ________ ________ on the road? 3．The bus stops because the light is red. _______ _______ the bus _______? 4．She went to Turpan last year. _______________________________ 5．My dog is 15 kilograms. _______ _______ is your dog? 6．We are going to have a party at Mike’s house. _________ are you going to _________ a party? 7．I bought some vegetables. _____ _____ vegetables ______ you _____? 8．She’d like some juice and bread. _____ _____ she _____? 9．She's 48 kilograms. ______ ______ is she? 10．Peter’s father is a writer. ___________________________________________ 1.What must you 【详解】原句句意：我们必须遵守交通规则。画线部分是follow the rules，故用what引导，后跟一般疑问句，即What must you do on the road?故答案为What；must；you。 2.What must not do 【详解】原句句意：你不能在路上看书。画线部分是做的事情，用what提问，后面跟must引导的一般疑问句，故答案为What，must，not，do。 3.Why does stop 【详解】原句句意：公共汽车停了，因为是红灯。画线部分是because the light is red，故用why提问，问句结构为：Why+助动词+主语+动词原形+其他？主语The bus是第三人称单数，句子是一般现在时，助动词用does，stops变原形stop，故答案为Why；does；stop。 4.Where did she go last year? 【详解】原句句意：她去年去了吐鲁番。划线部分为地方，要用疑问副词Where哪里，因为句子是一般过去时，句中有实意动词，改成特殊疑问句要借助助动词did，句中动词went改用原形，to去掉，句尾用问号。故答案为Where did she go last year? 5.How heavy 【详解】句意：我的狗15公斤。画线部分是体重，用how heavy提问，故答案为How，heavy。 6.Where have 【详解】原句句意：我们打算在迈克家举行一次聚会。划线部分是at Mike’s house，故用where哪里提问，后跟一般疑问句，故答案为Where；have。 7.How many did buy 【详解】句意：我买了一些蔬菜。划线部分some一些，是数量，vegetables是可数名词复数，用How many多少提问。句子结构为：How many+可数名词复数+助动词+主语+动词原形？句子为一般过去时态，助动词用过去式did，bought的动词原形为buy。故答案为How；many；did；buy。 8.What would like 【详解】句意：她想要一些果汁和面包。划线部分是食物，用疑问代词what提问，原句中的She’d like=She would like，本题特殊疑问句句子结构为：What+would+主语+like？故答案为What；would；like。 9.How heavy 【详解】原句句意：他48公斤。画线部分是体重，用how heavy提问，故答案为How；heavy。 10.What does Peter’s father do? 【详解】句意：彼得的爸爸是一名作家。划线部分是职业，提问职业用What+助动词+主语+do? 主语Peter's father是第三人称单数，助动词用does，故答案为What does Peter’s father do? 三、同义句转换 1．We like watching cartoons best. Watching cartoons is _____________ _____________. 2．You mustn't be late for school again. ________ ________ late for school once more. 3．Why don't we see the movie together? ________ ________ see the movie together? 4．I would like to be a teacher. _______________________________ 1. our favourite 【详解】原句句意：我们最喜欢看动画片。根据题目要求可知，应是改为同义句；like…best（最喜欢……）可以用favourite（最喜欢的）替换，our我们的；故句意为：看动画片是我们的最爱。故答案为our，favourite。 2. Don’t be 【详解】句意：你不能再迟到了。主语是you，同义句改为以Don't引导的祈使句，将You mustn't改为Don't，其余保持不变，句子变换为：Don't be late for school once more.故答案为Don't；be。 3.Shall we 【详解】句意：为什么我们不一起去看电影呢？Why don't...?表示建议，为什么不…….呢？Shall we...?我们...怎么样？同义句：Shall we see the movie together?故答案为Shall；we。 4.I want to be a teacher. 【详解】句意：我想成为一名教师。would like=want想要，故答案为I want to be a teacher. 【初中句型转换考点聚焦】 考点清单 一． 陈述句的否定式 ① be动词的否定式：在be动词后面直接加not 如：I am a student. → I am not a student. He is reading. → He isn't reading. They are working. → They are not(aren't) working. ② 情态动词的否定式：在情态动词后面直接加not 如：He can dance. → He can not (can't) dance. You should go to bed early. → You should not (shouldn't) go to bed early. ③ 实义动词的否定式：在实义动词前加don't、doesn't或者didn't 如：I like pop music. →I do not (don't) like pop music. He likes running. →He does not (doesn't) like running. He went to the zoo yesterday. →He did not (didn't) go to the zoo yesterday. 如：Mr. Hu is having a rest in his bedroom.（改为否定句） →Mr. Hu is not having a rest in his bedroom. 如：Li Lin listens to English on the radio every day. （改为否定句） →Li Lin doesn’t listen to English on the radio every day. She had a great time at the party yesterday. （改为否定句） →She didn’t have a great time at the party yesterday. 一、按要求写句子。 1. There's some rice in the bowl.(改为否定句) _____________________________________________________________________ 【答案】There isn't any rice in the bowl. (注意some要变any) 2. That is a kite.(改为复数句) _____________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Those are (some) kites. 3. This is a book. It's my sister's.(将两句话合并成一句话) _____________________________________________________________________ 【答案】This is my sister’s book. 4. They did a lot of homework at school.(改为否定句) _____________________________________________________________________ 【答案】They didn’t do a lot of homework at school.(容易漏写didn't后面的原形do) 5. I have some books in my backpack.(改为否定句) _____________________________________________________________________ 【答案】I don't have any books in my backpack. (注意some要变any; 这里容易把否定写成haven't，但have是实义动词“有”不是助动词have got结构，不能变成haven't) 二、陈述句改为一般疑问句 1. 一般疑问句 ① 由be动词构成 如：I am a student. 我是一个学生。 —Are you a student? 你是一个学生吗？ —Yes, I am. / No, I'm not. 是的，我是。/ 不，我不是。 ② 由实义动词构成的一般疑问句，在句首加助动词Do，Does，Did(助动词的使用要与人称及时态一致) 如：I often go to school on foot. 我经常走路去上学。 —Do you often go to school on foot? 你经常走路去上学吗？ —Yes, I do. / No, I don't. 是的，我经常走路上学。/ 不，我不走路去上学。 如：Mary likes playing the piano. 玛丽喜欢弹钢琴。 — Does Mary like playing the piano? 玛丽喜欢弹钢琴吗？ — Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't. 是的，她喜欢。/ 不，她不喜欢。 如：She saw a beautiful picture yesterday. 她昨天看到了一张漂亮的图片。 — Did she see a beautiful picture yesterday? 她昨天看到了一张漂亮图片吗？ —Yes, she did. / No, she didn't. 是的，她看到了。/ 不，她没看到。 ③ 含有情态动词的一般疑问句 如：I can play basketball. 我会打篮球。 — Can you play basketball? 你会打篮球吗？ —Yes, I can. / No, I can't. 是的，我会。/ 不，我不会。 按要求写句子。 1. He is a teacher.(改为一般疑问句) __________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Is he a teacher? 2. Jim can help his mother with housework.(改为一般疑问句) __________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Can Jim help his mother with housework? 3. This is a nice watch.(改为一般疑问句) __________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Is this a nice watch? 4.The newly-opened supermarket had something on sale last Sunday.(改为一般疑问句) 　　 　　 the newly-opened supermarket 　　　　anything on sale last Sunday?  【答案】Did;have 【详解】had是谓语动词,改为一般疑问句时,需要在句首加Did,且将had还原为have。 三、对划线部分提问 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问句是由疑问词提问的句子。疑问词包括疑问代词(what，which，whose，who) 和疑问副词(where， when， why， how 等) 。其基本结构是：疑问词+一般疑问句。 常见的疑问词以及提问方式有： (1)What (什么) This is a map. 这是一张地图。 (对划线部分提问) — What is this? (2)Who(谁) This is my mother. 这是我的妈妈。(对划线部分提问) — Who is this？ (3)When(什么时候) I go to work at 8:00 every morning. 我每天早上八点去上班。(对划线部分提问) —When do you go to work？ (4)How(怎样) Jim goes to school by bus. 吉姆坐公车去学校。(对划线部分提问) —How does Jim go to school? (5)Which(哪一个) The boy in black is my brother. 穿黑色衣服的男孩是我哥哥。(对划线部分提问) —Which boy is your brother? (6)Where (哪里) I am going to go to Beijing. 我将要去北京。(对划线部分提问) —Where are you going to go? 温馨提示：除了上述的常考点外，还有几个常见的特殊疑问句的用法。如： What color (询问颜色) How much (询问价格) How many (询问多少) How old ( 询问年龄) How long (询问长短) How often ( 询问频率)等。 对划线部分提问步骤： 1　 就画线部分选择一个疑问词，并放在句首 2　 去掉划线部分 3　 把其余部分变成一般疑问句 1. We do morning exercises every day. (对画线部分提问) _____________________________ you __________ morning exercises? 【答案】 ①. How often do ②. do 【解析】句意：我们每天做早操。划线部分表示频率，疑问句用how often来提问，句首首字母h大写；原句是一般现在时，主语是复数形式，动词是实义动词，故疑问句的助动词应用do，谓语动词还要原形do。故填How often do；do。 2. The horse weighed 200g when it was born. (对画线部分提问) ____________ was _________ ___________ of the horse when it was born? 【答案】 ①. What ②. the ③. weight 【解析】句意：这匹马出生时重200克。划线部分表示重量，应用句型“What is/was the weight of sth.?”来提问，意为：某物的重量是多少？weight“重量”，名词。故填What；the；weight。 3. Lucy is a quiet and shy girl.(对画线部分提问) _________________________ is Lucy _____________________________? 【答案】 ①. What ②. like 【解析】句意：Lucy是一个安静而害羞的女孩。 对“a quiet and shy girl”提问，此处是询问她是什么样的人，故用句型What is sb. like?“某人怎么样？”故填What；like。 4. He does his homework every day.(对画线部分提问) ___________________ he ______ every day? 【答案】 ①. What does ②. do 【解析】句意：他每天做作业。对“his homework”提问，用特殊疑问词what 。主语he是第三人称单数形式，变成疑问句要借助助动词does，后面谓语用动词原形do。故填What does；do。 5. I live from my school about 8 kilometers. (对画线部分提问) ____________ ________________ you __________ from your school? 【答案】 ①. How far ②. do ③. live 【解析】句意：我住在离学校大约8千米的地方。画线部分是距离，对其提问用特殊疑问词how far“多远”。疑问句中的主语是you，助动词要用do，后面的谓语用动词用原形，故填How far；do；live。 四、同义句转换 这类题主要考查对同义短语或句型的掌握，多是动词短语、介词短语和句型的转换。 一、简单句与简单句之间的转换。 ①运用同义词/词组或近义词/词组改写。 ②运用反义词或反义词的否定式改写。 二、将两个句子或并列句改为简单句。 ①用both...and,either...or,neither...nor,not only...but also,not...but等并列连词改写。 ②用分词短语改写。 ③用too...to...,(not) enough to等不定式结构改写。 三、将复合句改为简单句。 ①用不定式改写。 ②用介词短语改写。 ③用分词短语改写。 ④用名词短语改写。 ⑤用最高级改写。 ⑥用“疑问词+不定式”改写。 1. Cycling is exciting. Skiing is exciting, too. （合并成一句） Cycling is ____________________________________ skiing. 【答案】as exciting as 【解析】句意：骑自行车是令人兴奋的。滑雪也是令人兴奋的。合并为一句后表示“骑自行车和滑雪一样令人兴奋。”，as…as…表示“……和……一样”；exciting令人兴奋的，形容词作表语；as exciting as“和……一样令人兴奋”，故填as exciting as 。 2. There are more than 3000 students in our school. (同义句) _______ _______ of the students in our school _______ _______ 3000. 【答案】 ①. The ②. number ③. is ④. over 【解析】句意：我们学校有3000多名学生。根据题干可知，此句可以同义替换为“我学校的学生数量超过3000人”。学生的数量可以译为“the number of the students”，位于句首单词首字母要大写。“the number of the students”作主语，谓语动词用单数，所以be动词用其单数形式is。More than=over，意为“超过”。故填The；number；is；over。 3. There isn’t anything else in the fridge. (改为同义句) There is ____________________ in the fridge 【答案】nothing else 【解析】句意：冰箱里没有别的东西了。not anything“没有东西” ，还可以表达为：nothing，不定代词，else修饰不定代词后置。故填nothing else。 4. Amy is the best girl in her class. (同义句) Amy is __________ than ____________________ girl in her class. 【答案】 ①. better ②. any other 【解析】句意：艾米是班上最好的女孩。换句话意思为“艾米比班里的其他任何一个女生都好”。better“更好”；固定短语any other“任何其他”。故填better；any other。 5. Japanese isn’t as interesting as English. (同义句) English is ____________________ than Japanese 【答案】more interesting 【解析】句意：日语不如英语有趣。原句还可以表达为：英语比日语更有趣。interesting“有趣的”，其比较级形式为：more interesting“更有趣的”。故填more interesting。 选择适当的疑问词完成对话。 when, what, who, where, how 1.- ____________are you, Helen? -I'm fine, thank you. 2.- ____________is that, Gina? -It's a map of China. 3.- ____________ is Kate's history teacher? -Mrs. Miller. 4.- ____________is my hat? -It's on the sofa. 5.- ____________ is your birthday party, Jenny? -It's on Friday evening. 1.How 2.What 3.Who 4.Where 5.When 二、在横线上填入适当的单词完成对话，每空一词。 1.- ____________ ____________is Tim's ruler? -It's yellow. 2.- ____________ ____________is your grandma, Cindy? -She is 88. 3.- ____________ ____________is the TV? -1,200 dollars. It's very nice. 4.- ____________ ____________playing soccer with us after class? －That sounds good. 5.- ____________ ____________ have hamburgers for lunch? -No, you can't. 1.What color 2.How old 3.How much 4.What/How about 5.Can I 三、根据要求改写句子，每空一词。 1.What's the price of these socks? (改为同义句） ____________ ____________ ____________these socks? 2.Jane's dog is on the chair. (改为一般疑问句） ____________ ____________ ____________ on the chair? 3.The soccer star likes fruit and vegetables. （改为一般疑问句） ____________ the soccer star ____________ fruit and vegetables? 4.Grace has chicken and rice for lunch. (对画线部分提问） ____________ ____________ Grace ____________ for lunch? 5. Dale likes basketball because it's relaxing. （对画线部分提问） ____________ ____________ Dale____________ basketball? 1.How much are 2.Is Jane's dog 3.Does;like 4.What does;have 5.Why does;like 三、句型转换 1. The children like games. (改为一般疑问句) _______ the children _______ games? 【答案】Do, like 2. My father is a doctor. (就画线部分提问) _______ _______ your father ? 【答案】What is 3. I am eleven years old. (改为特殊疑问句) _______ _______ are you? 【答案】How old 4. Jim goes to school by bike. (改为特殊疑问句) _______ _______ Jim _______ to school? 【答案】How does, go 5. Mrs. White is watching TV.(对划线部分提问)   __________________________________________________ 【答案】What is Mrs White doing? 6. I live in the bedroom with my sister. (同义句) I ________ the bedroom _________ my sister. 【答案】 ①. share ②. with 【解析】句意：我和姐姐住在这个卧室里。原句还可以表达为：我和姐姐共用这个卧室。share sth. with sb.“与某人分享某物”；原句是一般现在时，故改写后的句子也应用一般现在时，主语是第一人称单数形式，故动词应用原形。故填share；with。 7. It takes me about one hour to do some housework every day. (改为同义句) I _______ about one hour ______ some housework every day. 【答案】 ①spend ②. doing 【解析】句意：我每天花大约一个小时做家务。It takes sb. time to do sth.“做某事花费了某人时间”=sb. spend time doing sth.“某人花费时间做某事”。时态为一般现在时，主语为I，因此谓语用动词原形。故填spend；doing。 8. His round glasses make him look smart. （改同义句） He ____________________ in his round glasses. 【答案】looks smart 【解析】句意：他圆眼镜使他看起来很聪明。His round glasses make him look smart.表示“他的圆眼镜使他看起来聪明”，也就是“他戴着圆眼镜看起来聪明”，句中时态为一般现在时，主语he是第三人称单数，故谓语用第三人称单数。故填looks smart。 一 spend listen shop begin what water easy choose about show Many people enjoy wearing smart watches. There are many different kinds of smartwatches for them to 1 .But now they have one more new choice(选择). On October 6. 2022. Google 2 its first smartwatch to the world. Its name is the Google Pixel Watch. It has lots of bands(表带).People can 3 find their favorite styles. 4 can people do with the smartwatch? Well, they can make phone calls. read emails. 5 to music, and do sports with it. When people go 6 , they can pay in shops with the watch, too. Many people are worried 7 what to do with it while washing hands. Don't worry. 8 won't pass through it. The sale of Google Pixel Watch 9 on October 13. Each smartwatch is 349.99dollars.The price may be a little high. If you want to connect(使连接)it to your phone, you need to 10 50 dollars more. 长难句分析 原句：（最后一段最后一句）If you want to connect it to your phone, you need to spend 50 dollars more. 译文：如果你想把它连接到你的手机上，你需要多花50美元。 分析：本句是一个复合句。If you want to connect it to your phone是if引导的条件状语从句。 译文 许多人喜欢佩戴智能手表。市场上有许多不同种类的智能手表供他们选择。但现在他们又多了一个新选择。 2022年10月6日，谷歌向世界展示了它的第一款智能手表。这款手表的名字是谷歌Pixel Watch。它有很多种表带。人们能轻松地找到他们最喜欢的款式。 人们可以用这款智能手表做什么？他们可以用它打电话，读电子邮件，听音乐，做运动。当人们去购物时，他们也可以在商店里用这款手表付款。 许多人担心洗手时该怎么处理它。不用担心，水不会透过它。 谷歌Pixel Watch 的销售于10月13日开始。每块智能手表的售价为 349.99美元。这个价格可能有点高。如果你想把它连接到你的手机上，你需要多花50美元。 答案详析 1.choose此处指有许多不同种类的智能手表供他们选择。空前的to是不定式符号，其后应用动词原形，故填choose“选择”。 2. showed 根据上文中的“But now they have one more new choice.”可知，现在人们又多了一个新选择。结合提示可推知，此处指谷歌向世界展示了它的第一款智能手表。此处描述过去的事情，故填showed。 3.easily 根据上一句可知，这款智能手表有很多种表带,故推断此处指人们能轻松地找到他们最喜欢的款式。空处所填词修饰动词，故填副词 easily。 4. What 根据下一句“Well,they can make phone calls, read emails...and do sports with it.”可知，下文介绍了这款智能手表的用途；空处所在句是问句，再结合提示可知，此处指人们可以用这款智能手表做什么，故填What。 5.listen 结合语境和首字母提示可知，此处指听音乐。listen to music“听音乐”，为固定搭配，故填listen。 6.shopping 根据空后的“they can pay in shops with the watch”可知，人们可以在商店里用这款手表付款。结合提示可知，此处指人们去购物，故填shopping。 7. about t此处指许多人担心洗手时该怎么处理它。be worried about sth.意为“担心某事”，为固定用法，故填about。 8. Water 根据空前的 washing hands 和“Don't worry.”可知，人们在洗手时也不必担心，故此处指水透不过它，故填Water。 9. began 根据空前的 sale提示可知，此处指这款手表于10月13日开始销售。事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时，故填begin的过去式began。 10. spend 根据上文可知，这款智能手表的售价是349.99美元。结合提示可知，此处指如果你想把它连接到你的手机上，你需要多花50美元，故填 spend“花费”。 二 In the year 2070, most of you will be more than 60 years old. The good news is that travel may become smarter by that time. European airline easyJet made some guesses and released(发布) easyJet 2070: The Future Travel Report. Let’s take a look at some exciting ideas. Heartbeat passport (心跳护照) Paper passports will be a thing of the past. You will use “heartbeat passports” instead. Some scientists say everyone’s heartbeat is different. So the data(数据) will be used to tell who you are. More comfortable flight The seats on the plane will no longer be “one size fits all”. You’ll be able to book a seat according to your body type. The seat may even be able to cool or warm you to your favourite temperature. There will also be no more screens on the back of your seats. A futuristic device(未来设备) could show films straight in front of your eyes. Printed clothes and food If you hate packing(打包) clothes, you may not need to do it in the future. Before you fly, you will have a body scan. When you arrive, you’ll find a wardrobe full of 3D-printed clothes in your size. When you leave, people will use the clothes again to print(打印) for the next person. You can also 3D print what you want to eat. Bring history back to life If you like to visit historic sites(历史古迹), AR(增强现实技术) will change the game. Wearing a headset, you can see what happened at a historic site. You may even be able to sit among the cheering people at the first Olympic Games. 1. What do we know about easyJet 2070: The Future Travel Report? A. It is about how old people will travel in the future. B. It shows us what future planes will look like. C. It tells us what travel may be like in 2070. D. It gives people ideas about where to travel. 2. How can we stay more comfortable on planes in the future? A. We can bring our own seats onto the plane. B. We can read books in a quieter environment. C. We can have bigger screens to watch films. D. We can change the temperature of our seats. 3. According to the passage, what can we use 3D-printing to do? A. To print our plane tickets. B. To scan our bodies quickly. C. To print clothes in our sizes. D. To show us the menu of a restaurant. 4. Which can be the best title for this passage? A. Cool Ideas for Future Travel B. Different Dreams in 2070 C. New Ways of Travelling D. Historic Sites and Future Life 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. C 4. A 【解析】本文主要介绍了未来旅行的一些很酷的想法。 1.细节理解题。根据“European airline easyJet made some guesses and released(发布) easyJet 2070: The Future Travel Report. Let’s take a look at some exciting ideas.”可知它告诉我们2070年的旅行会是什么样子。故选C。 2.细节理解题。根据“The seat may even be able to cool or warm you to your favourite temperature.”可知我们可以改变座位的温度使得座位更舒服，故选D。 3.细节理解题。根据“When you arrive, you’ll find a wardrobe full of 3D-printed clothes in your size”可知使用3D打印按我们的尺码打印衣服。故选C。 4.最佳标题题。根据“The Future Travel Report. Let’s take a look at some exciting ideas.”可知本文主要介绍了未来旅行的一些很酷的想法。故选A。 三 If you look up PayPal, SpaceX, and Tesla, you’ll find something interesting. You can connect one person to all of these very successful companies. That person is inventor and businessman Elon Musk. He’s famous all over the world, and he often gives people surprises. As a child, Musk spent his days dreaming up things to invent. Often, he was so lost in his daydreams that he didn’t hear his parents calling him. They even had a doctor test his ears because they feared that he was deaf. Musk’s first invention was a video game. He sold it to a computer magazine for ＄500 when he was 12. That event（重要事情）really influenced his life, and so did his love of reading. Musk read a lot as a kid. He especially loved science fictions, fantasies and comic books（科幻小说、幻想作品和漫画书）. From them, he learned about space, the universe, and different worlds. He also saw how the heroes in the stories he read saved their worlds. The books had a huge influence on what he thought about the world. They gave him fantastic ideas, such as travelling in space and living on other planets. They also taught him to be braver and more willing（乐意的）to take risks. However, the most important thing he learned was to ask the right questions. For Musk, the right question was clear—what things would change the world and its future? As you can see from Musk’s companies, he’s already working on those things. 1. Companies like PayPal, SpaceX, and Tesla are mentioned in Paragraph 1 to ________. A. introduce the person behind them B. show the development of technology C. draw people’s attention to space projects D. explain the reasons why they are successful 2. Little Musk often didn’t hear his parents calling him because ________. A. he was lost in his thoughts B. his parents’ voice was too low C. he liked to stay in a noisy room D. there was something wrong with his ears 3. What does Paragraph 5 mainly tell us? A. Why Musk loved reading. B. How books influenced Musk. C. What books Musk loved reading. D. When Musk fell in love with reading. 4. What does the underlined part “those things” in the last paragraph refer to? A. Musk’s companies. B. Problems that Musk discovered. C. Musk’s worries about the world. D. Things that would change the world and its future. 【答案】1. A 2. A 3. B 4. D 【解析】本文主要介绍了发明家Musk的故事。 1.细节理解题。根据“That person is inventor and businessman Elon Musk”可知第一段提到了一些公司，是为了引出它们背后的人Musk。故选A。 2.细节理解题。根据“Often, he was so lost in his daydreams that he didn’t hear his parents calling him”可知他经常沉浸在白日梦中，以至于没有听到父母叫他。故选A。 3.主旨大意题。根据“The books had a huge influence on what he thought about the world”可知本段主要介绍了书对他的影响。故选B。 4.词义猜测题。根据“For Musk, the right question was clear—what things would change the world and its future? As you can see from Musk’s companies, he’s already working on those things.”可知对Musk来说，正确的问题很清楚——什么会改变世界及其未来？正如你从Musk的公司看到的那样，他已经在做这些事情了，故此处划线部分指代“将改变世界及其未来的事情”。故选D。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 衔接点11 句型转换（小初考点差异及衔接） 小学要求 主语学习改为否定句、改为一般疑问句、改为一般疑问句方法 初中要求 主语学习改为否定句、改为一般疑问句、改为一般疑问句方法及同义句（单句和复合句，时态和语态之间的变化） 【小学句型转换考点聚焦】 一．改写句子 1．You can see a hospital. (改为否定句) __________________________________________ 2．She is very friendly. (改为一般疑问句) _________________________________________________________ 3．She has big eyes and long hair. (改为一般疑问句) _________________________________________________________ 4．It's a lot of fun. (改为一般疑问句) __________________________________________________________ 5．They go home and get together with their family. (改为一般疑问句) __________________________________________________________ 二、对划线部分提问 1．We must follow the rules on the road.    _______ _______ _______ do on the road? 2．You must not read on the road. _______ ________ I ________ ________ on the road? 3．The bus stops because the light is red. _______ _______ the bus _______? 4．She went to Turpan last year. _______________________________ 5．My dog is 15 kilograms. _______ _______ is your dog? 6．We are going to have a party at Mike’s house. _________ are you going to _________ a party? 7．I bought some vegetables. _____ _____ vegetables ______ you _____? 8．She’d like some juice and bread. _____ _____ she _____? 9．She's 48 kilograms. ______ ______ is she? 10．Peter’s father is a writer. ___________________________________________ 三、同义句转换 1．We like watching cartoons best. Watching cartoons is _____________ _____________. 2．You mustn't be late for school again. ________ ________ late for school once more. 3．Why don't we see the movie together? ________ ________ see the movie together? 4．I would like to be a teacher. _______________________________ 【初中句型转换考点聚焦】 考点清单 一． 陈述句的否定式 ① be动词的否定式：在be动词后面直接加not 如：I am a student. → I am not a student. He is reading. → He isn't reading. They are working. → They are not(aren't) working. ② 情态动词的否定式：在情态动词后面直接加not 如：He can dance. → He can not (can't) dance. You should go to bed early. → You should not (shouldn't) go to bed early. ③ 实义动词的否定式：在实义动词前加don't、doesn't或者didn't 如：I like pop music. →I do not (don't) like pop music. He likes running. →He does not (doesn't) like running. He went to the zoo yesterday. →He did not (didn't) go to the zoo yesterday. 如：Mr. Hu is having a rest in his bedroom.（改为否定句） →Mr. Hu is not having a rest in his bedroom. 如：Li Lin listens to English on the radio every day. （改为否定句） →Li Lin doesn’t listen to English on the radio every day. She had a great time at the party yesterday. （改为否定句） →She didn’t have a great time at the party yesterday. 一、按要求写句子。 1. There's some rice in the bowl.(改为否定句) _____________________________________________________________________ 2. That is a kite.(改为复数句) _____________________________________________________________________ 3. This is a book. It's my sister's.(将两句话合并成一句话) _____________________________________________________________________ 4. They did a lot of homework at school.(改为否定句) _____________________________________________________________________ 5. I have some books in my backpack.(改为否定句) _____________________________________________________________________ 二、陈述句改为一般疑问句 1. 一般疑问句 ① 由be动词构成 如：I am a student. 我是一个学生。 —Are you a student? 你是一个学生吗？ —Yes, I am. / No, I'm not. 是的，我是。/ 不，我不是。 ② 由实义动词构成的一般疑问句，在句首加助动词Do，Does，Did(助动词的使用要与人称及时态一致) 如：I often go to school on foot. 我经常走路去上学。 —Do you often go to school on foot? 你经常走路去上学吗？ —Yes, I do. / No, I don't. 是的，我经常走路上学。/ 不，我不走路去上学。 如：Mary likes playing the piano. 玛丽喜欢弹钢琴。 — Does Mary like playing the piano? 玛丽喜欢弹钢琴吗？ — Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't. 是的，她喜欢。/ 不，她不喜欢。 如：She saw a beautiful picture yesterday. 她昨天看到了一张漂亮的图片。 — Did she see a beautiful picture yesterday? 她昨天看到了一张漂亮图片吗？ —Yes, she did. / No, she didn't. 是的，她看到了。/ 不，她没看到。 ③ 含有情态动词的一般疑问句 如：I can play basketball. 我会打篮球。 — Can you play basketball? 你会打篮球吗？ —Yes, I can. / No, I can't. 是的，我会。/ 不，我不会。 按要求写句子。 1. He is a teacher.(改为一般疑问句) __________________________________________________________________ 2. Jim can help his mother with housework.(改为一般疑问句) __________________________________________________________________ 3. This is a nice watch.(改为一般疑问句) __________________________________________________________________ 4.The newly-opened supermarket had something on sale last Sunday.(改为一般疑问句) 　　 　　 the newly-opened supermarket 　　　　anything on sale last Sunday?  三、对划线部分提问 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问句是由疑问词提问的句子。疑问词包括疑问代词(what，which，whose，who) 和疑问副词(where， when， why， how 等) 。其基本结构是：疑问词+一般疑问句。 常见的疑问词以及提问方式有： (1)What (什么) This is a map. 这是一张地图。 (对划线部分提问) — What is this? (2)Who(谁) This is my mother. 这是我的妈妈。(对划线部分提问) — Who is this？ (3)When(什么时候) I go to work at 8:00 every morning. 我每天早上八点去上班。(对划线部分提问) —When do you go to work？ (4)How(怎样) Jim goes to school by bus. 吉姆坐公车去学校。(对划线部分提问) —How does Jim go to school? (5)Which(哪一个) The boy in black is my brother. 穿黑色衣服的男孩是我哥哥。(对划线部分提问) —Which boy is your brother? (6)Where (哪里) I am going to go to Beijing. 我将要去北京。(对划线部分提问) —Where are you going to go? 温馨提示：除了上述的常考点外，还有几个常见的特殊疑问句的用法。如： What color (询问颜色) How much (询问价格) How many (询问多少) How old ( 询问年龄) How long (询问长短) How often ( 询问频率)等。 对划线部分提问步骤： 1　 就画线部分选择一个疑问词，并放在句首 2　 去掉划线部分 3　 把其余部分变成一般疑问句 1. We do morning exercises every day. (对画线部分提问) _____________________________ you __________ morning exercises? 2. The horse weighed 200g when it was born. (对画线部分提问) ____________ was _________ ___________ of the horse when it was born? 3. Lucy is a quiet and shy girl.(对画线部分提问) _________________________ is Lucy _____________________________? 4. He does his homework every day.(对画线部分提问) ___________________ he ______ every day? 5. I live from my school about 8 kilometers. (对画线部分提问) ____________ ________________ you __________ from your school? 四、同义句转换 这类题主要考查对同义短语或句型的掌握，多是动词短语、介词短语和句型的转换。 一、简单句与简单句之间的转换。 ①运用同义词/词组或近义词/词组改写。 ②运用反义词或反义词的否定式改写。 二、将两个句子或并列句改为简单句。 ①用both...and,either...or,neither...nor,not only...but also,not...but等并列连词改写。 ②用分词短语改写。 ③用too...to...,(not) enough to等不定式结构改写。 三、将复合句改为简单句。 ①用不定式改写。 ②用介词短语改写。 ③用分词短语改写。 ④用名词短语改写。 ⑤用最高级改写。 ⑥用“疑问词+不定式”改写。 1. Cycling is exciting. Skiing is exciting, too. （合并成一句） Cycling is ____________________________________ skiing. 2. There are more than 3000 students in our school. (同义句) _______ _______ of the students in our school _______ _______ 3000. 3. There isn’t anything else in the fridge. (改为同义句) There is ____________________ in the fridge 4. Amy is the best girl in her class. (同义句) Amy is __________ than ____________________ girl in her class. 5. Japanese isn’t as interesting as English. (同义句) English is ____________________ than Japanese 选择适当的疑问词完成对话。 when, what, who, where, how 1.- ____________are you, Helen? -I'm fine, thank you. 2.- ____________is that, Gina? -It's a map of China. 3.- ____________ is Kate's history teacher? -Mrs. Miller. 4.- ____________is my hat? -It's on the sofa. 5.- ____________ is your birthday party, Jenny? -It's on Friday evening. 二、在横线上填入适当的单词完成对话，每空一词。 1.- ____________ ____________is Tim's ruler? -It's yellow. 2.- ____________ ____________is your grandma, Cindy? -She is 88. 3.- ____________ ____________is the TV? -1,200 dollars. It's very nice. 4.- ____________ ____________playing soccer with us after class? －That sounds good. 5.- ____________ ____________ have hamburgers for lunch? -No, you can't. 三、根据要求改写句子，每空一词。 1.What's the price of these socks? (改为同义句） ____________ ____________ ____________these socks? 2.Jane's dog is on the chair. (改为一般疑问句） ____________ ____________ ____________ on the chair? 3.The soccer star likes fruit and vegetables. （改为一般疑问句） ____________ the soccer star ____________ fruit and vegetables? 4.Grace has chicken and rice for lunch. (对画线部分提问） ____________ ____________ Grace ____________ for lunch? 5. Dale likes basketball because it's relaxing. （对画线部分提问） ____________ ____________ Dale____________ basketball? 三、句型转换 1. The children like games. (改为一般疑问句) _______ the children _______ games? 2. My father is a doctor. (就画线部分提问) _______ _______ your father ? 3. I am eleven years old. (改为特殊疑问句) _______ _______ are you? 4. Jim goes to school by bike. (改为特殊疑问句) _______ _______ Jim _______ to school? 5. Mrs. White is watching TV.(对划线部分提问)   __________________________________________________ 6. I live in the bedroom with my sister. (同义句) I ________ the bedroom _________ my sister. 7. It takes me about one hour to do some housework every day. (改为同义句) I _______ about one hour ______ some housework every day. 8. His round glasses make him look smart. （改同义句） He ____________________ in his round glasses. 一 spend listen shop begin what water easy choose about show Many people enjoy wearing smart watches. There are many different kinds of smartwatches for them to 1 .But now they have one more new choice(选择). On October 6. 2022. Google 2 its first smartwatch to the world. Its name is the Google Pixel Watch. It has lots of bands(表带).People can 3 find their favorite styles. 4 can people do with the smartwatch? Well, they can make phone calls. read emails. 5 to music, and do sports with it. When people go 6 , they can pay in shops with the watch, too. Many people are worried 7 what to do with it while washing hands. Don't worry. 8 won't pass through it. The sale of Google Pixel Watch 9 on October 13. Each smartwatch is 349.99dollars.The price may be a little high. If you want to connect(使连接)it to your phone, you need to 10 50 dollars more. 二 In the year 2070, most of you will be more than 60 years old. The good news is that travel may become smarter by that time. European airline easyJet made some guesses and released(发布) easyJet 2070: The Future Travel Report. Let’s take a look at some exciting ideas. Heartbeat passport (心跳护照) Paper passports will be a thing of the past. You will use “heartbeat passports” instead. Some scientists say everyone’s heartbeat is different. So the data(数据) will be used to tell who you are. More comfortable flight The seats on the plane will no longer be “one size fits all”. You’ll be able to book a seat according to your body type. The seat may even be able to cool or warm you to your favourite temperature. There will also be no more screens on the back of your seats. A futuristic device(未来设备) could show films straight in front of your eyes. Printed clothes and food If you hate packing(打包) clothes, you may not need to do it in the future. Before you fly, you will have a body scan. When you arrive, you’ll find a wardrobe full of 3D-printed clothes in your size. When you leave, people will use the clothes again to print(打印) for the next person. You can also 3D print what you want to eat. Bring history back to life If you like to visit historic sites(历史古迹), AR(增强现实技术) will change the game. Wearing a headset, you can see what happened at a historic site. You may even be able to sit among the cheering people at the first Olympic Games. 1. What do we know about easyJet 2070: The Future Travel Report? A. It is about how old people will travel in the future. B. It shows us what future planes will look like. C. It tells us what travel may be like in 2070. D. It gives people ideas about where to travel. 2. How can we stay more comfortable on planes in the future? A. We can bring our own seats onto the plane. B. We can read books in a quieter environment. C. We can have bigger screens to watch films. D. We can change the temperature of our seats. 3. According to the passage, what can we use 3D-printing to do? A. To print our plane tickets. B. To scan our bodies quickly. C. To print clothes in our sizes. D. To show us the menu of a restaurant. 4. Which can be the best title for this passage? A. Cool Ideas for Future Travel B. Different Dreams in 2070 C. New Ways of Travelling D. Historic Sites and Future Life 三 If you look up PayPal, SpaceX, and Tesla, you’ll find something interesting. You can connect one person to all of these very successful companies. That person is inventor and businessman Elon Musk. He’s famous all over the world, and he often gives people surprises. As a child, Musk spent his days dreaming up things to invent. Often, he was so lost in his daydreams that he didn’t hear his parents calling him. They even had a doctor test his ears because they feared that he was deaf. Musk’s first invention was a video game. He sold it to a computer magazine for ＄500 when he was 12. That event（重要事情）really influenced his life, and so did his love of reading. Musk read a lot as a kid. He especially loved science fictions, fantasies and comic books（科幻小说、幻想作品和漫画书）. From them, he learned about space, the universe, and different worlds. He also saw how the heroes in the stories he read saved their worlds. The books had a huge influence on what he thought about the world. They gave him fantastic ideas, such as travelling in space and living on other planets. They also taught him to be braver and more willing（乐意的）to take risks. However, the most important thing he learned was to ask the right questions. For Musk, the right question was clear—what things would change the world and its future? As you can see from Musk’s companies, he’s already working on those things. 1. Companies like PayPal, SpaceX, and Tesla are mentioned in Paragraph 1 to ________. A. introduce the person behind them B. show the development of technology C. draw people’s attention to space projects D. explain the reasons why they are successful 2. Little Musk often didn’t hear his parents calling him because ________. A. he was lost in his thoughts B. his parents’ voice was too low C. he liked to stay in a noisy room D. there was something wrong with his ears 3. What does Paragraph 5 mainly tell us? A. Why Musk loved reading. B. How books influenced Musk. C. What books Musk loved reading. D. When Musk fell in love with reading. 4. What does the underlined part “those things” in the last paragraph refer to? A. Musk’s companies. B. Problems that Musk discovered. C. Musk’s worries about the world. D. Things that would change the world and its future. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$