专题04 阅读理解之说明文15篇（最新二三模真题）-冲刺2024年中考英语必考题型终极预测（广东专用）

冲刺2024年中考英语必考题型终极预测（广东专用） 专题04 阅读理解之说明文15篇（最新二三模真题） （2024·广东汕头·三模）Everyone feels anxious (焦虑的) sometimes. It often causes the heart to beat faster. Many people have rapid breathing when they’re anxious. They might even notice parts of their body shaking. There are some steps anyone can take to manage anxiety. When you’re anxious, try taking a few slow and deep breaths. Doing yoga (瑜伽) or TaiChi might also help. A good way to fight anxiety is to ▲ . What’s going well in your life? What’s your happiest memory? What’s one small good thing that happened today? Thinking of these things when you feel anxious can help you feel better. Spending some time outside is another great way to fight anxiety if you’re someone who feels at peace in nature. Many people find that going on nature walks helps them feel calm. You could try riding a bike or visiting a local park. Another way to lower anxiety is to spend time with people you love. Watch a movie or play a board game with your family. Talk to friends on the phone or online. It may surprise you how much this can help you! It’s also important to talk about how you’re feeling with someone you trust, like a parent or a teacher. This can help you understand its cause and learn to manage it. You can also write down your thoughts or draw a picture to express your feelings. Have you ever felt anxious? The next time you experience this feeling, try a few different ways of calming yourself. It may take some time to find out what works best for you. 1．What can we know according to Paragraph 1? A．Anxiety is caused by physical illness. B．Everyone experiences anxiety at some point. C．Only a small percentage of people experience anxiety. D．Anxiety is only experienced by those with some physical problems. 2．What’s the best part for “ ▲ ”? A．cook a delicious dinner B．watch a great movie alone C．make plans with your friend D．think of the good things in life 3．What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 5 refer to? A．Spending some time outside. B．Doing yoga or Tai Chi. C．Taking a few slow and deep breaths. D．Spending time with people you love. 4．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 5．What’s the purpose of the passage? A．To explain what causes anxiety. B．To introduce scientists’ studies on anxiety. C．To provide advice on dealing with anxiety. D．To show the relationship between anxiety and health. （2024·广东汕头·三模） Strawberry iceblocks On hot summer days, nothing will be more attractive than having delicious iceblocks. They are tasty and can help cool you down. These strawberry iceblocks are easy to make and store in the fridge for a hot day. The strawberry iceblocks are really delicious. Let’s make some together. Things needed 1/4 cup of sugar 1 cup of water 2 cups (250g) of fresh strawberries (cut into pieces) Some lemon juice 2 cups of yogurt 50g dark chocolate Steps 1. Put the sugar and water in a pot and cook until the sugar disappears. 2. Put the strawberries, lemon juice and sugar water mix into a blender, and blend the mix for about one minute until it is smooth. 3. Pour the mix into iceblock moulds (模具). Pour yogurt over the mix to the top of each mould, and put a stick into each mould. Keep the mix in the moulds in the fridge for four to five hours. 4. To take the iceblocks out, put moulds under warm water. Melt (使……融化) chocolate and put it over iceblocks and enjoy them! Notes If your kids don’t like eating strawberries, you can use their favourite fruits to make other iceblocks. 6．What do strawberry iceblocks refer to? A． B． C． D． 7．Which of the following things should we prepare to make strawberry iceblocks? A．Salt, strawberries and lemon juice. B．Strawberries, apple juice and yogurt. C．Sugar, strawberries and dark chocolate. D．Strawberries, lemon juice and white chocolate. 8．What can we know from the text? A．The writer hates eating strawberry iceblocks. B．The first step is to put strawberries into a blender. C．The mix in the moulds must be kept in the fridge for 7 hours. D．We should put sugar and water in a pot and heat them until the sugar is mixed in. 9．Who may be most interested in the text? A．Lisa, Grade 8, who is a book lover. B．Sally, Grade 9, who is in an art club. C．Johnson, in college, who is a car lover. D．Tom, a father, whose son is crazy about iceblocks. 10．We may see the text _________. A．in a cookbook B．in a science report C．on a movie poster D．in a travel guide （2024·广东揭阳·二模）Cars make our lives convenient and many people can’t live without them. However, they can also be a problem, especially fossil fuel (化石燃料) cars, which cause air pollution. It is widely believed that clean energy and improved fuel technologies can greatly reduce air pollution caused by gas-fueled cars. To improve the environment, many countries are developing electric vehicles (EVs,电动车). Among them, China is taking a leading role and has created the world’s largest EV market. In 2023, about 14 million EVs were sold worldwide. The number of EVs sold in China was more than 9 million-about three times as large as the number sold in the United States. Chinese drivers are already big fans of EVs. “Charging (充电) an electric car is cheaper than filling up a fossil fuel car with gas,” said Mr. Wu, who bought an electric car this year. However, there are still some problems. It can be hard to find charging stations and the cars can’t go far before needing to be recharged. Some of these problems are being solved. There are more and more charging stations in China. Now China has the world’s largest EV charging network, with more than 8, 596, 000 charging stations in total. “Developing EVs is one of many efforts that China has made to reduce pressure on the environment. As China goes, so will the world’s auto industry”, said The Wall Street Journal. Electric vehicles are really a smart choice for the environment. 11．Where is this passage most probably from? A．A storybook. B．A travel magazine. C．A guidebook. D．A car magazine. 12．How many EVs were sold in America in 2023? A．About 14 million. B．About 3 million. C．About 9 million. D．About 27 million. 13．The writer uses Mr. Wu’s example ______. A．to show the advantage of EVs B．to introduce the use of EVs C．to show the problems of EVs D．to introduce the development of EVs 14．What does the underlined word “auto” in the last paragraph probably mean? A．Train. B．Car. C．Plane. D．Ship. 15．Which can be the best title for the passage? A．Charging an Electric Car B．Good Environment C．Electric Vehicles D．Clean Energy （2024·广东揭阳·二模） As we all know, accidents may happen at any time. Besides, as schools always hold a large number of people, it’s best for us to know what to prepare in the daily life, how to keep safe and what not to do to avoid some accidents. The following poster at our school will help you.Prepare the first aid box in the classrooms. ●The first aid box should be opened easily so that you can use it quickly if necessary. ●Look through the first aid box and learn how to use each thing. ●Check the first aid box from time to time to make sure that you have all necessary things. Protect yourself from dangers. ●Watch out the steps while going upstairs or downstairs. ●Follow the teachers’ instructions and the steps in the book if you do experiments in the lab. ●Remember to warm up your body before running or exercising. ●Staying away from the crowds can always keep you in a safe situation. Never do any of the followings. ●Stand too close to the buildings, especially on windy days. —Some of the broken glass from the windows may fall on you. ●Run after others while going upstairs or downstairs. —You are taking your life in your hands. ●Keep running while having trouble breathing. —It may cause a shock (休克). 16．If there’s a first aid box in your classroom, you should do the followings EXCEPT ______. A．locking it when it’s not in use B．making sure that it’s easy to open it C．knowing how to use each thing in it clearly D．checking to make sure all necessary things are in it 17．How can you avoid an accident according to the poster? A．By running as quickly as possible. B．By always staying away from the crowds.. C．By doing an experiment with some other students. D．By standing too close to school buildings on windy days. 18．Before you do plenty of exercise, you must ______. A．take a deep breath B．do warm-up exercise C．drink some warm water D．not eat anything 19．What may happen if you keep running while having trouble breathing? A．You may fall down the stairs. B．Some of the broken glass may fall on you. C．You are taking your life in your hands. D．It may cause a shock. 20．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To teach students basic first aid knowledge. B．To tell students to follow the school rules. C．To teach students how to protect themselves. D．To introduce several books on safety. （2024·广东清远·二模） Ants have the ability to smell out cancerous cells (癌细胞) in humans, which has been discovered by a new study, suggesting that they could be used to find cancer in the future. Researchers from the French National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS) discovered that some ants have a well developed sense of smell. “However more tests must be carried out before they could be used in hospitals.” the team said. The scientists did tests with 36 ants, smelling cells in the lab. First, they let the ants smell some cancerous human cells. Every time the ants smelt cancerous cells, they were given with sugar. In the second step, the ants were put into two different smells. One was a new smell of healthy cells and the second was still the smell of the cancerous cells. Once the ants found the cancerous cells successfully, the researchers made them smell different cancerous cells. As such, the scientists found that ants could discriminate between cancerous and healthy cells and between two cancerous cells. This isn’t the first time that scientists have used the animals’ sense of smell to find cancerous cells. “Dogs are good at finding something with their noses. However, training dogs to do so requires several months to a year. On the other hand, insects can be easily raised, they are inexpensive, and hundreds of them can be trained with fewer times,” the researchers pointed out. “This study shows that ants are able to learn very quickly. The method can be used for other tasks including finding danger or other diseases,” the researchers added. 21．What can we know from CNRS’s study? A．Ants work well in treating cancer. B．Ants help humans keep off cancer. C．Ants can be used to find cancer. D．Ants are used to find people with cancer. 22．Which paragraph tells how the scientists did the tests? A．Paragraph 1. B．Paragraph 2. C．Paragraph 3. D．Paragraph 4. 23．What does the underlined word “discriminate” in paragraph 2 probably mean A．Tell the stories. B．Tell the influence. C．Tell the truth. D．Tell the differences. 24．What are the advantages of insects compared with dogs in experiments? ① They are cheaper.         ② They are easier to be raised. ③ They are better at finding things.          ④ They can be trained more quickly. ⑤ They have a sharper sense of smell. A．①②④ B．①②⑤ C．①③④ D．②③⑤ 25．Which can be the best title for the passage? A．Ants’ Excellent Smell Ability. B．Ants Can Find Cancerous Cells. C．Ants and Dogs: Who is Better? D．Training Ants to Find Illnesses. （2024·广东湛江·二模）Why are some people just 1.5 meters tall, while others reach 2 meters? Studies have found that genes (基因) decide one’s height. There are about 4,000 genetic variants (变异体) that play an important role. Each of them might make a person’s height taller or shorter. Now scientists in the US have found the most important genetic variant for deciding the height so far. This genetic variant causes people to be shorter. Each piece of this genetic variant can make a person’s height 2.2 cm lower more or less. If people have two pieces from their parents, they will be 4.4 cm shorter, more or less. These findings were developed from a study of people in Peru. A According to the research, the height of men is about 1.65 meters, while women are about 1.52 meters. Scientists said people in Peru whose family are native Americans have this genetic variant. Scientists also found that the living environment might have an impact on one’s height. People in Peru who live by the sea have more genetic variants than those living in mountains or rainforests. One more question: why can’t we keep growing taller? We grow taller because our bones (骨头) grow. Bones increase in length because of the growth plates inside them. However, when we are about ten years old, the growth plates become fully grown. When we are about eighteen years old, they stop growing. So we can’t grow taller anymore. 26．What can we learn from Paragraph 1? A．People can decide their own height. B．Genetic variants are bad for people’s health. C．Everyone has a chance to grow up to 2 meters. D．People’s genes are very important for their height. 27．How much shorter might Jack be if he has three pieces of genetic variants? A．2.2 cm. B．4.4 cm. C．6.6 cm. D．8.8 cm. 28．Which is the the best sentence to fill in the blank “ A ” in Paragraph 3? A．They want to become taller. B．They are known for being short. C．They are as short as their parents. D．They are taller than native Americans. 29．What does the underlined word “impact” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Agreement. B．Influence. C．Operation. D．Opinion. 30．What is the passage mainly about? A．The amazing variants of genes. B．The height of people in Peru. C．The differences of height around the world. D．The latest studies of human genes. （2024·广东东莞·三模） When there are many things we no longer use or need, a yard sale is helpful to solve the problem. How can we hold a successful yard sale? Here are some tips (提示): Tip 1: Price everything Put a price card on each of your things. In this way, people don’t need to ask you about the price. Price things at around 10%~20% of their shop prices. Tip 2: Choose a place and date If you live in a quiet area, consider using a friend or a relative’s yard. Choose a weekend morning between 7 a.m. and 2 p.m. but avoid holidays when people are away. Tip 3: Study local laws Check if your city or town needs an agreement to hold a yard sale. In this way you don’t need to pay fines (罚款) or close down the sale. Tip 4: Let more people know Use bright signs or pictures with the time, date, address, and the big words “Yard Sale”. List popular things to make people become interested in your yard sale. Tip 5: Prepare your things Put similar things together, clean them and put valuable things close to you. Tip 6: Be a good salesperson Welcome shoppers but give them space to shop. Never get bored or angry with their questions! Let the things sell themselves. 31．How much may an $80 jacket cost in a yard sale? A．$4~$6. B．$8~$16. C．$40~$48. D．$64~$72. 32．When is the best time to hold a yard sale? A．Monday morning. B．Wednesday afternoon. C．Saturday morning. D．Sunday evening. 33．What should you do to prepare your things? A．Divide things into groups. B．Make some introduction cards. C．Put all the cheap things together. D．Put valuable things close to customers. 34．From Tip 6, we can tell that a good salesperson is ________. A．quiet B．brave C．excited D．patient 35．Where is this passage most probably from? A．A storybook. B．A magazine. C．A diary. D．A travel guide. （2024·广东东莞·三模）A new study discovered that more conflicts (冲突) happened between humans and animals because of the climate change. For example, in the Arctic, with the rising of the temperature, ice is less than before, so it’s more difficult for polar bears (北极熊) to get enough food. As a result, they spend more time on the land and sometimes go into human villages. This can be dangerous because they might hurt people. Climate change can change the habitats of animals, like the less sea ice for polar bears. The study also found that because of climate change, animals are changing what they do and where they go. In 2009, a bad drought (旱灾) in eastern Africa drove African elephants to move closer to villages for food and water in their field. The elephants ate their plants so some people punished and killed elephants. “It’s important to understand the connection between climate change and human-animal conflicts. It is not only helpful to protect animals, but also helps people stay safe. We are sharing the same blue earth,” said a biology expert. But they are examples for us. The expert mentioned, “By studying different cases, we can find ways to avoid conflicts.” He thinks the government can get ready for terrible weather so they can deal with problems quickly. For example, Botswana’s government paid farmers when wild animals ate their plants or farm animals because of drought. In return, the farmers promised not to hurt or kill the wild animals. 36．What makes it difficult for polar bears to find food? A．Sea ice is getting less and less. B．The temperature is too high for fish to live. C．Humans catch too many fish. D．There are too many villages. 37．What does the underlined word “habitats” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Foods that animals eat. B．Tools that animals use. C．Places where animals live. D．Buildings where humans live. 38．Why is it important to understand the connection between climate change and human-animal conflicts? A．To make use of weather for more food. B．To protect animals and make humans safe. C．To let humans live safely on the earth. D．To show the beauty of nature. 39．How did Botswana’s government avoid human-animal conflicts? A．By making strict rules for killing wild animals. B．By moving wild animals away from human villages. C．By encouraging farmers to protect plants and animals. D．By giving farmers money when they lost plants and farm animals. 40．Which can be the best title for the passage? A．The Danger for Polar Bears in the Arctic B．The Conflicts Between Humans and Animals C．The Climate Change and Human-animal Conflicts D．African Elephants in Eastern Africa in a Drought （2024·广东惠州·二模）It’s not easy to advertise a thing everyone knows in a new way. But Pippi’s Place Pet Rescue, a volunteer organization from America, makes it. It’s named after a black cat, Pippi. She was a street cat and then found a loving family. But when she was 1 year old, Pippi was hit by a car and died. Pippi’s Place Pet Rescue then was established. The organization runs not for money, but for helping more street cats find a home. How does it do this? The organization shows their cats as if they were cars. On its website, people can learn about the cats’ ages, colors and other information. Kayla Delcoure, a member of the organization, had this idea when her family was thinking about buying a car. This is really helpful. Lots of people become interested in these cats. Some people give money to help these cats live better. A man from Canada came to take an old cat home from the organization. People give these cats a home, and the cats help make people happy too. A little girl has got a cat from the organization. ________ This makes her feel safe and warm. A woman sees her cat as a good friend. The “friend” always walks behind her and makes her laugh. Do you want to take a cat from the organization? Well, before doing it, you’d better learn more about keeping a cat as a pet. 41．How is Pippi now? A．Dead. B．Well. C．Ill. D．Hungry. 42．What does the underlined word “established” in Paragraph 1 mean? A．Invented. B．Decided. C．Founded. D．Expected. 43．What is the goal of the organization? A．To raise money. B．To make an advertisement to sell cats. C．To help more street cats find a home. D．To help lonely people. 44．What can you learn about the cats on the website of the organization? A．Ages and colors. B．Parents and colors. C．Hobbies and characters. D．Hobbies and ages. 45．Which is the best for “________”? A．Then she sleeps with it every night. B．She doesn’t feed it on time. C．But she doesn’t like playing with it. D．She thinks it’s a good pet. （2024·广东揭阳·三模）“Welcome teammates!” read the Chinese calligraphy (书法) in the Tiangong space station. On April 26, the Shenzhou XVIII manned spaceship’s three astronauts successfully entered the space station and met with the Shenzhou XVII astronauts. The Shenzhou XVIII crew (乘组) members are Ye Guangfu, Li Cong and Li Guangsu. “Being born in the 1980s and having all been pilots, we never run out of things to talk about,” Li Cong told Xinhua. The crew will carry out more than 90 experiments in space. They will study microgravity (微重力) in space, medicine and many other science topics, reported China Daily. This mission is special because it features China’s first space-based study of water ecosystems. The astronauts brought a fish tank (鱼缸) filled with water to the space station. Four zebrafish (斑马鱼) and algae (水藻) live inside it. The algae give the fish oxygen, keeping them alive. The tank can also feed the fish, control the temperature and lighting, and collect fish eggs by itself. Why zebrafish? They are very small vertebrates (脊椎动物) and they share 70 percent of their genes with humans. “Next, we plan on bringing mice to space. We’ll raise them there for a while and then bring them back to Earth for further study,” Zhang Wei from the Chinese Academy of Sciences (中国科学院) told CCTV News. Studying animals in space can help scientists understand how the human body reacts (反应) to space conditions. The Shenzhou XVIII crew is expected to return in October after six months in space. Right now, China is about to finish picking its fourth batch (批) of astronauts. These new astronauts will join the team already working on space station missions and help achieve China’s first manned landing on the moon. 46．What is special about the Shenzhou XVIII mission according to Paragraph 5? A．It sent the youngest crew ever to the station B．It will study water ecosystems in space. C．It will carry out more than 90 experiments. D．It will study medicine and microgravity in space. 47．Why are zebrafish chosen to study in space? a. They are very small vertebrates.      b. They share over two-thirds of genes with humans. c. They eat and live on algae.            d. They can live without oxygen. A．ab B．ad C．bc D．cd 48．What is one of the future plans for China’s space missions as mentioned in the article? A．To bring plants to space for the first time. B．To study the effects of microgravity on algae. C．To create a self-sustaining ecosystem within the space station. D．To bring mice to space, raise them, and then bring them back for further study. 49．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．More Chinese astronauts will set off in November. B．China will continue its journey in space exploration. C．China is ready to send astronauts to the moon. D．China has taken the lead in space exploration. 50．What is the main idea of the article? A．The experience of astronauts living in the Tiangong space station. B．The technological achievements of the Shenzhou XVIII mission. C．Future plans for China’s space exploration including a manned landing on the moon. D．An overview (概述) of China’s space mission featuring the Shenzhou XVIII crew and their research. （2024·广东茂名·二模）Are you sometimes a little tired and sleepy in the early afternoon? Many people feel this way after lunch. They may think that eating lunch is the cause of the sleepiness. Or, in summer, they may think it is the heat. However, the real reason lies inside their bodies. At that time, about eight hours after you wake up, your body temperature goes down. This is what makes you slow down and feel sleepy. In many parts of the world, people take naps (小睡) in the middle of the day. This is especially true in warmer weather, in which the heat makes work difficult in the early afternoon. “While you sleep, your brain is working. For example, sleep helps prepare your brain to learn, remember, and create,” says Dr. Maiken Nedergaard, who studies sleep at the University of Rochester. Science reports reveal that naps are good for everyone in any weather. A daily nap gives one a more rested body and mind, which is good for health in general. In countries where naps are traditional, people don’t often have problems such as heart disease. Many working people, unluckily, have no time to take naps. Though doctors may advise taking naps after lunch, employers (老板) do not allow it! If you do have the chance, however, here are a few tips about making the most of your nap. Remember that the best time to take a nap is about eight hours after you get up. A short sleep too late in the day may only make you feel more tired and sleepy afterwards. If you do not have enough time, try a short nap—even ten mınutes of sleep can improve your health and help you work better. 51．Why do you sometimes feel sleepy in the early afternoon? A．Because it's very hot in summer. B．Because we eat too much for lunch. C．Because we need to prepare our brain to learn. D．Because our body temperature goes down at that time. 52．What does the underlined word “reveal” mean in the passage? A．Worry. B．Show. C．Mind. D．Forget. 53．According to the passage, when is the best time to take a nap if you get up at 6 a. m.? A．At 11 a. m. B．At 2 p. m. C．At 4 p. m. D．At 6 p. m. 54．What are people advised to do according to the last paragraph? A．To take a short sleep after lunch. B．To take a short sleep too late in the day. C．To improve your health by oversleeping. D．To read more science reports on sleep. 55．Which would be the best title for the passage? A．A Special Sleep B．Just For a Rest C．All Need a Nap D．Causes of Sleepiness （2024·广东惠州·二模） The Xiaomi SU7 was launched (上市) on a Thursday night in April 2024 in Beijing, and it got more attention than any other car in China. It’s hard to believe, but the launch event got over 40 million views on Xiaomi’s Weibo! Everyone was wondering what the price would be, and they talked about it for weeks on social media. Xiaomi, a famous smartphone company, started taking orders for the SU7 through an app on that Thursday night. After Lei Jun, the founder, talked about the car for over two hours, he finally told us the price: from 215, 900 yuan to 299, 900 yuan. In just 27 minutes, Xiaomi got 50, 000 orders! Lei Jun said that Xiaomi wants to be one of the top five car makers in the world in the next 15 to 20 years. He said, “Making a car is hard, but it’s really cool when you succeed.” The basic model of the SU7 costs 215, 900 yuan, which is cheaper than the Tesla (特斯拉) Model 3 in China. Lei Jun thinks the SU7 is better than the Tesla in most ways, but the best version of the SU7 is still not as good as the Porsche (保时捷) Taycan. “It’ll take a long time for our car to be as good as a Porsche,” he said. But he believes that if Xiaomi keeps working hard for another five to ten years, “one day we will finally catch up with and even surpass Porsche.” We’re all excited to see what Xiaomi can achieve in the future! 56．How many views did the launch event attract on Xiaomi’s Weibo? A．About 215, 900. B．Less than 299, 900. C．Over 4, 000, 000. D．More than 40, 000, 000. 57．Where could customers order a Xiaomi SU7 on Thursday night? A．In a car store. B．On Xiaomi’s Weibo. C．Through an app. D．On China’s social media. 58．What does the founder, Lei Jun think of his car in the future? A．Useless. B．Hopeful. C．Meaningless. D．Disappointing. 59．The underlined word “surpass” in the last paragraph probably means “________ ”. A．beat B．make C．sell D．watch 60．What can we learn from the passage? A．Xiaomi wants to become a Porsche. B．Xiaomi aims to be a top smartphone maker. C．Xiaomi SU7 is better than Tesla and Porsche. D．Xiaomi SU7 launch got huge attention and orders. （2024·广东惠州·二模）Not long ago there was a show in Baoji, Shaanxi Province. It showed how pillows (枕头) could be much more than just places to put our heads while we sleep. 121 ancient pillows were shown in the show. All the pillows are from the Western Han Dynasty until the early 20th century. The show lasted from January 1st to April 10th this year. In ancient China, pillows expressed people’s good wishes. Cat-shaped pillows, for example, expressed the hope that a couple would enjoy good health and live a long life together. The pillows in the show are made of different materials. They are not just used in daily life, but also show interesting folk cultures and remind people of the past. These treasures can help visitors enter the world of the ancient people. There is a special one. It is the pearl (珍珠) pillow. It was found in Guangdong. It is made up of 470 pearls, showing the high status of its owner. Another is a tiger-head pillow, which stands for courage and power. In the old days, this kind of pillow was often for children, and parents hoped it can bring them good luck and health. ________ There are several ideas about it. One idea is that hard pillows better support the neck and head and are good for eyes. Also, hard pillows are cooler and can help lower body temperatures, so that people feel more comfortable in summer. 61．What kind of show could you watch if you were in Baoji on April 8th this year? A．Plant. B．Animal. C．Pillow. D．Treasure. 62．Which would Alice like to choose for a couple? A．Tiger-head pillows. B．Pearl pillows. C．Soft pillows. D．Cat-shaped pillows. 63．What does the underlined word “status” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Position. B．Weight. C．Price. D．Quality. 64．Which of the following can be put in “________”? A．Why do people like pillows? B．Are pillows good for people? C．Why are ancient pillows hard rather than soft? D．Do people like hard pillows or soft ones? 65．Where is this passage most probably from? A．A storybook. B．An art magazine. C．A guidebook. D．A newspaper. （2024·广东·二模）Light is wonderful and amazing. Light from the Sun is the most important of all. Stars give off their own light. The Moon does not make its own light. It can only reflect light from the Sun. Lightning zigzags (曲折前行) through storm clouds, making a very bright light. People who live near the North and South Poles sometimes can see the aurora (极光) in the sky. Some animals like fireflies and many sea animals are able to give off light from themselves! Chemicals inside their bodies react to give off light. However, plenty of light we see every day does not come from nature. It is artificial light. Artificial light is important. It allows people to work and travel at night. Headlights on our cars allow us to see the road at night. Streetlights help us to walk safely along the sidewalk. Airplanes take off and land on lighted runways. Artificial light makes our homes safer and more comfortable. It makes our lives easier and more fun. It enables us to have entertainment such as movies, video games, and TV. Artificial light has another important job. It can be used to carry information from one place to another. Take a moment to notice light and enjoy its beauty and wonder! Go outside on a sunny day. Feel the warmth of the sun on your skin. Look at the stars in the night sky. When staying indoors, count the number of artificial light sources that you and your family use. 66．Where is this passage most probably from? A．A storybook. B．An art magazine. C．A guidebook. D．A science magazine. 67．How do fireflies and many sea animals make light? A．By looking at the stars. B．By reflecting the moonlight. C．By living near the Poles. D．By using the chemicals in their bodies. 68．What does the underlined word “artificial” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Bright. B．Special. C．Manmade. D．Handmade. 69．From the second paragraph, we can learn that _________. A．light can make our lives better B．light from streetlights comes from nature C．artificial light is the most important of all D．natural light can be used to carry information 70．Which can be the best title for the passage? A．The Wonder of Light B．The Use of Artificial Light C．Different Kinds of Light D．The Importance of Natural Light （2024·广东梅州·二模）During the three-day New Year holiday, over 3 million tourists poured into Harbin. Many of them came from southern China where snow was nowhere to be found. Harbin locals gave these visitors a cute nickname “Nanfang xiaotudou” or “Southern potatoes”. It is because southern people are usually shorter and they look like small potatoes when wearing thick jackets and hats. To Harbin people, this name is not to make fun of southerners, but to create a sense of warmth with humor. Harbin tried everything to meet tourists’ needs, especially those from the south. Cooks carefully cut the local frozen pear into small pieces. Different kinds of concerts were held in shopping malls. A drone (无人机) lifted a man-made moon for tourists to take photos. Harbin really went all out to make them happy. However, even though they did all these to please the southern tourists, this nickname “Southern potatoes” sparked a heat discussion on the Internet. While Harbin locals use the name to show warmth and good will, some sightseers feel that calling them “small potatoes” is making fun of their height. Even though people from the Northeast are kind and warm-hearted, we have to realize that there is still some discrimination (歧视) in several parts of China. Nowadays, people travel all the time. Therefore, it’s important to make the world a more welcome place. After all, everyone likes kindness and dislikes discrimination, whether it’s on purpose or not. 71．Why do Harbin local s call southerners “Southern potatoes”? A．Because southerners like to eat small potatoes. B．Because southerners sell small potatoes in Harbin. C．Because Harbin locals want to make fun of southerners’ height. D．Because southerners look like small potatoes in thick jackets and hats. 72．What is the main idea of the second paragraph? A．Harbin cooks made some nice food for southern tourists. B．Southern travelers were very happy with Harbin tourism. C．Harbin tried their best to attract tourists and make them happy. D．Food, shopping malls, and the man-made moon attracted many tourists. 73．What does the underlined word “sparked” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Offered. B．Burned. C．Included. D．Caused. 74．How should we treat people from different places according to the last paragraph? A．We should be kind and welcome. B．We should not discriminate them on purpose. C．We should do everything to make them happy. D．We should treat them according to what they like. 75．What does the writer think of the nickname “Southern potatoes”? A．He think it’s funny. B．He thinks it’s unfair. C．He thinks it’s welcoming. D．He doesn’t express his own opinion. 参考答案： 1．B 2．D 3．D 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了每个人都会有焦虑的时候，文中给出了一些处理焦虑的方法。 1．细节理解题。根据“Everyone feels anxious (焦虑的) sometimes.”可知，每个人都会有感到焦虑的时候。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据“What’s going well in your life? What’s your happiest memory? What’s one small good thing that happened today? Thinking of these things when you feel anxious can help you feel better.”可知，本段主要讲述了回忆生活中美好的事情能帮助你战胜焦虑。故选D。 3．代词指代题。根据“Another way to lower anxiety is to spend time with people you love.”可知，本段主要讲述了和你爱的人一起度过时光是另外一种可以减轻焦虑的方式，所以this指代“和你爱的人一起度过时光”。故选D。 4．篇章结构题。结合每段内容可知，文章是总分总结构，第一段提出了每个人都会有焦虑的时候；二、三、四、五、六段介绍了处理焦虑的方法；最后一段总结全文，下次感到焦虑的时候可以试试以上方法。故选B。 5．主旨大意题。根据“There are some steps anyone can take to manage anxiety.”及结合文章内容可知，本文就处理焦虑的问题给出了一些方法和建议。故选C。 6．B 7．C 8．D 9．D 10．A 【导语】本文介绍了如何制造草莓冰棒。 6．细节理解题。根据“These strawberry iceblocks are easy to make and store in the fridge for a hot day.”可知，草莓冰棒应该如选项B中图片所示。故选B。 7．细节理解题。根据“1/4 cup of sugar”；“2 cups (250g) of fresh strawberries (cut into pieces)”以及“50g dark chocolate”可知，制作草莓冰棒需要糖，草莓和黑巧克力。故选C。 8．细节理解题。根据“Put the sugar and water in a pot and cook until the sugar disappears.”可知，我们应该把糖和水放在锅里加热，直到糖和水融合在一起。故选D。 9．推理判断题。根据“If your kids don’t like eating strawberries, you can use their favourite fruits to make other iceblocks.”可知，这篇文章是写给家长的，因此选项D“汤姆是一位父亲，他的儿子对冰棒很着迷。”符合题意。故选D。 10．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其根据“The strawberry iceblocks are really delicious. Let’s make some together.”；“Things needed”以及“Steps”可知，本文介绍了如何制造草莓冰棒，因此我们可以在烹饪书上看到。故选A。 11．D 12．B 13．A 14．B 15．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了电动汽车在中国的发展。 11．推理判断题。根据首句“Cars make our lives convenient and many people can’t live without them.”及全文内容可知本文主要介绍了汽车的内容，由此可推知最有可能来自汽车杂志。故选D。 12．推理判断题。根据“In 2023, about 14 million EVs were sold worldwide. The number of EVs sold in China was more than 9 million-about three times as large as the number sold in the United States.”可知2023年中国卖了大约九百万辆电动汽车，是美国的三倍，由此可推知美国卖了约三百万辆。故选B。 13．推理判断题。根据吴先生说的话“Charging (充电) an electric car is cheaper than filling up a fossil fuel car with gas”可知他认为电车充电比加油更便宜，由此可推知作者用这个例子来说明电车的优势。故选A。 14．词句猜测题。结合全文语境可知本文主要在介绍汽车行业的相关内容，由此可推知“auto”指的是“汽车”。故选B。 15．最佳标题题。根据全文内容可知本文主要介绍了电动汽车在中国的发展。因此“Electric Vehicles”可作为标题。故选C。 16．A 17．B 18．B 19．D 20．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了确保学生在学校安全的方法。 16．细节理解题。根据“The first aid box should be opened easily so that you can use it quickly if necessary. Look through the first aid box and learn how to use each thing. Check the first aid box from time to time to make sure that you have all necessary things.”可知要保证急救箱容易打开，因此A选项是不应该做的事。故选A。 17．细节理解题。根据“Staying away from the crowds can always keep you in a safe situation.”可知远离人多的地方可以避免事故的发生。故选B。 18．细节理解题。根据“Remember to warm up your body before running or exercising.”可知做大量运动前必须要做热身运动。故选B。 19．细节理解题。根据不能做的事里列举的内容“Keep running while having trouble breathing—It may cause a shock (休克).”可知如果呼吸困难时继续跑步可能会引起休克。故选D。 20．主旨大意题。根据“it’s best for us to know what to prepare in the daily life, how to keep safe and what not to do to avoid some accidents. The following poster at our school will help you.”及全文内容可知本文主要介绍了在学校如何保证自己的安全。故选C。 21．C 22．B 23．D 24．A 25．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了蚂蚁辨别癌细胞的特殊技能。 21．细节理解题。根据“Ants have the ability to smell out cancerous cells (癌细胞) in humans, which has been discovered by a new study, suggesting that they could be used to find cancer in the future.”可知，蚂蚁具有嗅出人体癌细胞的能力。故选C。 22．细节理解题。根据“The scientists did tests with 36 ants, smelling cells in the lab. First,..In the second step...”可知，第二段详细介绍了科学家是如何进行测试的。故选B。 23．词句猜测题。根据“As such, the scientists found that ants could discriminate between cancerous and healthy cells and between two cancerous cells.”可知，科学家做实验的结果就是：发现蚂蚁可以区分癌细胞和健康细胞，以及两种癌细胞。“discriminate”与选项D“Tell the differences.区分不同之处”意思相近。故选D。 24．细节理解题。根据“On the other hand, insects can be easily raised, they are inexpensive, and hundreds of them can be trained with fewer times,...”可知，与狗相比，蚂蚁更容易喂养，很便宜且能被更快地训练。故选A。 25．最佳标题题。文章主要讲述了蚂蚁能够嗅出人类的癌细胞，这表明未来它们可能被用来寻找癌症。因此，B选项“蚂蚁可以找到癌细胞”最能概括文章的主题。故选B。 26．D 27．C 28．B 29．B 30．A 【导语】本文告诉了我们，决定人身高的“秘密”是什么？文章以科学家对秘鲁人身高的研究结果给出了答案——基因（变异体）。 26．细节理解题。根据“Studies have found that genes (基因) decide one’s height.”可知，研究表明，基因决定身高，也就是说，基因对一个人的身高来说很重要。故选D。 27．推理判断题。根据“This genetic variant causes people to be shorter. Each piece of this genetic variant can make a person’s height 2.2 cm lower more or less. If people have two pieces from their parents, they will be 4.4 cm shorter, more or less.”可知，每一个这种变异体基因会使其身高变矮2.2厘米。因此，如果Jack有3个，那他可能变矮6.6厘米。故选C。 28．推理判断题。根据“According to the research, the height of men is about 1.65 meters, while women are about 1.52 meters.”可知，根据研究，男性身高约1.65米，女性身高约1.52米，由此可知，他们以矮著称。选项B“他们以矮著称。”符合语境。故选B。 29．词句猜测题。根据“People in Peru who live by the sea have more genetic variants than those living in mountains or rainforests.”可知，生活在海边的秘鲁人比生活在山区或雨林里的秘鲁人拥有更多的变异体基因，说明生活环境对身高有影响。impact意为“影响”，与influence同义。故选B。 30．主旨大意题。本文告诉了我们，决定人身高的“秘密”是什么，文章以科学家对秘鲁人身高的研究结果给出了答案——基因（变异体）。因此选项A“神奇的基因变异体”是本文的主旨大意。故选A。 31．B 32．C 33．A 34．D 35．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章提供了关于如何成功举办庭院甩卖的实用建议，包括定价、选地择日、遵守当地法律、宣传、准备物品和成为优秀的销售员等要点。 31．推理判断题。根据“Price things at around 10%~20% of their shop prices.”可知，以商店价格的10%~20%左右来定价，则一件80美元的夹克衫价格在8至16美元。故选B。 32．细节理解题。根据“Choose a weekend morning between 7 a.m. and 2 p.m. but avoid holidays when people are away.”可知，庭院甩卖最好选择周末早上7点到下午2点之间的时间，但要避开人们外出的假期，“周六早上”符合。故选C。 33．细节理解题。根据“Tip 5: Prepare your things Put similar things together, clean them and put valuable things close to you.”可知，把相似的东西放在一起，把它们清理干净，把有价值的东西放在你身边。选项A“把东西分组”符合。故选A。 34．推理判断题。根据“Never get bored or angry with their questions!”可知，永远不要对顾客的问题感到无聊或愤怒，由此推断一个好的销售人员是有耐心的。故选D。 35．推理判断题。本文提供了关于如何成功举办庭院甩卖的实用建议，结合选项可知本文最可能出现在杂志上。故选B。 36．B 37．C 38．B 39．D 40．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了由于气候的变化导致人类与动物之间冲突的增加。 36．细节理解题。根据第一段“For example, in the Arctic, with the rising of the temperature, ice is less than before, so it’s more difficult for polar bears to get enough food.”可知是因为温度太高，鱼无法生存才导致北极熊找食物困难。故选B。 37．词义猜测题。根据第二段“Climate change can change the habitats of animals, like the less sea ice for polar bears.”可推知，此处意思是“气候变化会改变动物的栖息地，比如北极熊的海水减少。”，所以划线词指的是动物生活的地方。故选C。 38．细节理解题。根据第三段“It’s important to understand the connection between climate change and human-animal conflicts. It is not only helpful to protect animals, but also helps people stay safe. We are sharing the same blue earth.”可知是因为理解气候变化和人类与动物冲突之间的联系可以保护动物和人类的安全。故选B。 39．细节理解题。根据第四段“For example, Botswana’s government paid farmers when wild animals ate their plants or farm animals because of drought. In return, the farmers promised not to hurt or kill the wild animals.”可知，当农民失去植物和家畜时，博茨瓦纳政府给他们钱。故选D。 40．标题归纳题。根据第三段“It’s important to understand the connection between climate change and human-animal conflicts. It is not only helpful to protect animals, but also helps people stay safe. We are sharing the same blue earth.”及全文可知，文章一项新研究指出，气候变化导致人类与动物之间的冲突增加，由此可知C项最适合做文章标题。故选C。 41．A 42．C 43．C 44．A 45．A 【导语】本文介绍了皮皮宠物救援中心建立的目的以及如何展示猫的信息。 41．细节理解题。根据“But when she was 1 year old, Pippi was hit by a car and died.”可知，现在Pippi死了，故选A。 42．词义猜测题。根据“The organization runs not for money, but for helping more street cats find a home.”可知，此处表示这个组织被建立，founded“建立”，故选C。 43．细节理解题。根据“The organization runs not for money, but for helping more street cats find a home.”可知，这个组织的目的是帮助更多的流浪猫找到一个家，故选C。 44．细节理解题。根据“On its website, people can learn about the cats’ ages, colors and other information.”可知，在这个组织的网站上你可以了解猫的年龄和颜色，故选A。 45．推理判断题。根据“This makes her feel safe and warm.”可知，这使她感到安全和温暖，因此推断这只猫陪着她，因此A项“然后她每晚都抱着它睡觉”符合语境，故选A。 46．B 47．A 48．D 49．B 50．D 【导语】本文主要介绍中国太空任务：以神舟十八号机组人员和他们的研究为主要部分。 46．细节理解题。根据“This mission is special because it features China’s first space-based study of water ecosystems. ”可知，这次任务的特殊之处在于，它是中国首次在太空中对水生态系统进行研究。故选B。 47．细节理解题。根据“They are very small vertebrates (脊椎动物) and they share 70 percent of their genes with humans.”可知，斑马鱼被选在太空中研究是因为它们是非常小的脊椎动物以及它们与人类有70％的基因相同。故选A。 48．细节理解题。根据“Next, we plan on bringing mice to space. We’ll raise them there for a while and then bring them back to Earth for further study,” Zhang Wei...”可知，把老鼠带到太空，饲养它们，然后把它们带回来做进一步的研究是中国太空任务未来的计划。故选D。 49．推理判断题。根据“These new astronauts will join the team already working on space station missions and help achieve China’s first manned landing on the moon.”可推知，中国将继续它的太空探索之旅。故选B。 50．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍中国太空任务：以神舟十八号机组人员和他们的研究为主要部分。故选D。 51．D 52．B 53．B 54．A 55．C 【导语】本文主要介绍为什么人们在午后容易打瞌睡，建议大家适当休息一下，有益于身体健康。 51．细节理解题。根据“However, the real reason lies inside their bodies. At that time, about eight hours after you wake up, your body temperature goes down.”可知，因为那个时候我们的体温下降了，这就是让你感到困倦的原因。 故选D。 52．词义猜测题。根据“Science reports reveal that naps are good for everyone in any weather.”可知，后文提到了“在任何天气下小睡对每个人都有好处”，因此，划线词是“展示”。故选B。 53．推理判断题。根据“Remember that the best time to take a nap is about eight hours after you get up.”可知，小睡的最佳时间是起床后8小时左右，因此早上6点起来，最佳的午睡时间是下午2点。故选B。 54．细节理解题。根据“If you do not have enough time, try a short nap—even ten mınutes of sleep can improve your health and help you work better.”可知，文章最后一段建议读者午饭后小睡一会儿。故选A。 55．标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其根据“A daily nap gives one a more rested body and mind, which is good for health in general.”以及“If you do not have enough time, try a short nap—even ten mınutes of sleep can improve your health and help you work better.”可知，本文主要介绍为什么人们在午后容易打瞌睡，建议大家适当休息一下，有益于身体健康，引出选项C适合作为文章标题。故选C。 56．D 57．C 58．B 59．A 60．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了小米汽车SU7的发布会，以及小米公司的未来目标和对自家产品的评价。 56．细节理解题。根据“It’s hard to believe, but the launch event got over 40 million views on Xiaomi’s Weibo!”可知小米汽车发布会在小米微博上吸引了四千多万的流量。故选D。 57．细节理解题。根据“Xiaomi, a famous smartphone company, started taking orders for the SU7 through an app on that Thursday night.”可知在周四晚上顾客可以通过应用程序来订购小米SU7。故选C。 58．推理判断题。根据雷军说的话“one day we will finally catch up with and even surpass Porsche.”可知他认为在未来小米汽车可以赶上甚至超过保时捷，因此可推知他认为他的汽车发展充满希望。故选B。 59．词句猜测题。根据前句“‘There’s still a long way to go for our car to become a Porsche,’ he said, but if Xiaomi keeps working hard for another five to ten years, ‘one day we will finally catch up with and even surpass Porsche.’”可知，此处指小米汽车有一天会赶上甚至超过保时捷，划线词“surpass”的意思是“超过”，与“beat”含义相近。故选A。 60．推理判断题。根据“but the launch event got over 40 million views on Xiaomi’s Weibo”及“In just 27 minutes, Xiaomi got 50, 000 orders!”可推知小米发布会吸引了大量的关注和订单。故选D。 61．C 62．D 63．A 64．C 65．D 【导语】本文讲述陕西省宝鸡市举办的展览展示了从西汉到20世纪初的121个古代枕头，这些枕头不仅用于睡眠，还承载着各种文化和象征意义。 61．细节理解题。根据“All the pillows are from the Western Han Dynasty until the early 20th century. The show lasted from January 1st to April 10th this year.”可知4月8号可以看枕头展览。故选C。 62．细节理解题。根据“Cat-shaped pillows, for example, expressed the hope that a couple would enjoy good health and live a long life together.”可知猫形枕头表达了一对夫妇健康长寿的愿望。故选D。 63．词义猜测题。根据“It is made up of 470 pearls, showing the high status of its owner.”可知它由470颗珍珠组成，显示出主人的崇高地位，故此处划线部分和position意义相近。故选A。 64．推理判断题。根据“There are several ideas about it. One idea is that hard pillows better support the neck and head and are good for eyes.”可知此处介绍了枕头是硬的原因，选项C“为什么古代的枕头硬而不软”符合语境。故选C。 65．推理判断题。本文讲述陕西省宝鸡市举办的展览展示了从西汉到20世纪初的121个古代枕头，这些枕头不仅用于睡眠，还承载着各种文化和象征意义，故文章可能来自报纸。故选D。 66．D 67．D 68．C 69．A 70．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了奇妙的光：生物光和人造光。 66．推理判断题。根据“Light is wonderful and amazing. Light from the Sun is the most important of all.”可知，本文主要介绍了光，由此可猜测本文来自一本科学杂志。故选D。 67．细节理解题。根据“Some animals like fireflies and many sea animals are able to give off light from themselves! Chemicals inside their bodies react to give off light.”可知，一些动物体内的化学物质会发生反应从而发光。故选D。 68．词句猜测题。根据“However, plenty of light we see every day does not come from nature. It is artificial light. Artificial light is important. It allows people to work and travel at night.”可知，本段介绍的是生活中的人造光，由此可猜测artificial意为“人造的”。故选C。 69．细节理解题。根据“Artificial light makes our homes safer and more comfortable. It makes our lives easier and more fun.”可知，人造光使我们的生活更轻松，更有趣。故选A。 70．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了生物光和人造光，因此A项“光的奇迹”最适合做本文的标题。故选A。 71．D 72．C 73．D 74．A 75．D 【导语】本文介绍了“南方小土豆”这一词汇流行的原因，以及其引发的争议。 71．细节理解题。根据“It is because southern people are usually shorter and they look like small potatoes when wearing thick jackets and hats.”可知，这是因为南方人通常比较矮，穿厚夹克、戴帽子的时候看起来像小土豆，故选D。 72．段落大意题。根据“Harbin tried everything to meet tourists’ needs, especially those from the south.”和本段内容可知，第二段讲述了哈尔滨尽最大努力吸引游客，让他们开心。故选C。 73．词义猜测题。根据“a heat discussion on the Internet”可知，这个绰号在网上引发了争论，sparked和caused意思相近，在这里表示“引发，导致”，故选D。 74．推理判断题。根据“After all, everyone likes kindness and dislikes discrimination, whether it’s on purpose or not.”可知，每个人都喜欢友善，不喜欢歧视，不管是不是有意为之；由此推知招待来自不同地方的游客，我们应该友好和欢迎。故选A。 75．观点态度题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了“南方小土豆”这一词汇流行的原因，以及其引发的争议；作者在文中没有表达对这个绰号的看法。故选D。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$