05 必修一 Unit 5 Into the wild 2025年新高考英语一轮总复习筑基培优方案（外研版2019）

必修第一册 Unit 5 Into the wild 知识背诵清单通关练 （第一关）重点单词精选精背储备能量+核心词汇之转换词形词性 （第二关）重点短语再现背诵及研磨记忆巩固 （第三关）梳理核心词汇之转换词形词性及情境研磨记忆巩固 （第四关）基本句型模仿背诵及巩固情境研磨记忆巩固 （第五关）必备重点语法精讲精练 （第一关）重点单词精选精背储备能量 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. v. 寻找，寻求 2. v. 量，测量 3. n. 位置 4． n. 解决，解决方法 5． n. 吃惊，震惊 6． n. 多样化，变化 7． prep. 每 8． v. 专注，专心 9． v. 凝视，盯着看 10． n. (对某一情形或事件的)反应 11. n. 慈善机构，慈善团体 12. n. 图像，影像 13． n. 教授 14． n. 难以理解的事物，谜 15． n. 化学品 16． n. 生物，动物 17． n. 住所，工作场所 18． n. 当权，权利 19． n. 来源，出处 20． v. 创立，创建 21． n. 摄影师 22． n. 按钮 23． n. 基本部分，要素 24． 天气(尤指坏天气) 25． n. 意外的相遇，邂逅 26． n. 小径，小道 27． adj. 令人惊叹的 28． n. 鹰 核心词汇之转换词形词性 1. adj. 一年一度的，每年的→ adv. 一年一次地；每年 2． n. 迁徙→ v. 移栖，迁徙 3． v. 测定，确定→ adj. 有决心的；意志坚定的 → n. 决心；决定 4． adv. 终于，最终→ adj. 最后的，最终的 5． adj. 惊人的，了不起的→ adj. 感到吃惊的 → v. 使惊愕(惊奇) → n. 惊讶，惊奇 6． v. 破坏，毁掉→ n. 破坏，毁灭 7． v. 活下来，幸存→ n. 生存；幸存；幸存事物 → n. 幸存者 8． n. 影响，结果→ adj. 有效的；生效的 → adv. 有效地 9． v. (从糟糕经历中)恢复→ n. 恢复；痊愈 10． v. 突然停止，呆住→ adj. 严寒的，冰冻的 → adj. 冷冻的； 冷藏的 （第二关）重点短语再现背诵及研磨记忆巩固 1． 设法做到某事 2． ……的数量 3． 砍倒；减少 4． 导致 5． 以……为食 6． ... 可能…… 7． 一举两得，一箭双雕 8． 猫儿不在，老鼠作怪(指管事的不在，下面的人玩个痛快) 9． 慢点，别急 10． (把……)增添到……中 11． 代替 12． 下倾盆大雨 13． 不顾天气恶劣，冒着风雨 14． 以……的速度 15． 把注意力集中于，全神贯注于 16． 强迫某人做某事 17． 从……中恢复 18． 对……尊敬 19． 毕竟，终究 第三关）梳理核心词汇之转换词形词性及情境研磨记忆巩固 ① measure v. 量，测量(教材P50) [名师点津]　measure作“尺寸”讲时，常用作不可数名词；作“措施”讲时，通常用复数；作动词表示“有……长/宽/高”时，用主动形式表示被动含义；作后置定语时，要用现在分词。 　单句语法填空 ①Success shouldn't ________ (measure) only by how much money you have. ②(中国日报)A country should take necessary measures ________ (ensure) that its actions will not seriously harm the interests of other countries or the international community. ③(牛津高阶)I'm having the curtains made ________ measure. ④(剑桥高阶)The area, ________ (measure) 5 kilometers by 3 kilometers, has been purchased by the army. 　单句表达 ⑤(中国日报)每个人都可以理解，各国政府需要采取非常措施，保护本国人民免受新冠肺炎的攻击。 Everyone can understand that governments need to ________________________________________ the attack of the COVID－19. ② determine v. 测定，确定(教材P50) 　单句语法填空 ①Driven by heaven­knows­what motives, he determines ________ (write) a book. ②With her talent and ________ (determine), it appears that the sky could be the limit for Alice Moore. ③(柯林斯词典)They were ________ (determine) to break from precedent. 　单句表达 ④(柯林斯词典)每个相关的人都以巨大的勇气和决心行动了。 Everyone concerned acted ________________________________． ③ amazing adj. 惊人的，了不起的(教材P51) 　单句语法填空 ①We were so ________ (amaze) that they could stay underwater much longer than us local islanders. ②(剑桥高阶)I was amazed ________ (hear) that Chris had won first prize. ③He looked at me in ________ (amaze), and it seemed that he hadn't recognized me. ④I had an ________ (amaze) time here, but it is time for me to move on. 　单句表达 ⑤(牛津高阶)令我吃惊的是，他能凭借记忆背诵整篇诗文。 ________________， he was able to recite the whole poem from memory. ⑥(剑桥高阶)再没有别人应聘这份工作，真令人吃惊。 ____________________ no one else has applied for the job. ④ survive v. 活下来；幸存(教材P51) [名师点津]　survive用作及物动词表示“幸存”时，可直接跟“疾病、灾难、事故、危机”等名词；表示“比某人长命”时，常以人作宾语。 　单句语法填空 ①An increasingly concerned nation took firm action to stop the destruction of migratory (迁徙的) waterfowl and the wetlands so vital to their ________ (survive). ②(剑桥高阶)The family are struggling to survive ________ very little money. ③(朗文当代)Emergency help is needed for ________ (survive) of the earthquake. ④On average, the non­smokers survive smokers ________ 10 years. 　单句表达 ⑤如果一个捕食者能吃掉几个物种，它就能在其中一个物种灭绝后存活下来。 If a predator can eat several species, it can _____________________． ⑥(剑桥高阶)医生告诉我妻子我有一半的生存机会。 The doctors told my wife I had a 50/50 ________________________． ⑤ effect n. 影响，结果(教材P52) [名师点津]　表示“实际上”的表达还有：in fact, in reality, in practice, as a matter of fact等。 　单句语法填空 ①Individual talent will have positive effects ______ team performance when task interdependence is lower. ②In conclusion, positive thinking is a powerful and ________ (effect) tool for dealing with hard times and improving the quality of one's life. ③(牛津高阶)The new system will soon be put ________ effect. 　单句表达 ④好的制度政策实际上会激发员工的专业水平的提升。 Favorable policies are ____________ to encourage employees' professional development. ⑤(牛津高阶)新的安全带规则上周开始实施。 The new seat－belt regulations ________________ last week. ⑥ recover v. (从糟糕经历中)恢复(教材P56) 　单句语法填空 ①In these places patients can go to be near nature during their ________ (recover). ②(剑桥高阶)It took her a long while to recover ________ her heart operation. 　单句表达 ③(牛津高阶)我父亲手术后已完全康复了。 My father has ____________________ from the operation. ⑦ variety n. 多样化，变化(教材P56) [名师点津]　“the variety of＋复数名词”意为“……的品种(种类)多样性”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 　单句语法填空 ①The researchers examined ________ (vary) levels of noise on participants as they completed tests of creative thinking. ②I like reading very much, especially the story books, varying _____Chinese stories to English stories. ③There are different kinds of fruit trees as well as a ________ (vary) of animals. 　单句表达 ④一般来说，水果和蔬菜的价格随季节而变化。 Generally speaking, prices of fruit and vegetables ______________________． ⑧ concentrate v. 专注，专心(教材P57) [名师点津]　表示“专心于；致力于”的短语还有：be addicted to (to为介词), be buried/lost/absorbed in, be devoted to (to为介词), put one's heart into, focus on/upon等。 　单句语法填空 ①Ocean colour varies from green to blue, depending on the type and ________ (concentrate) of phytoplankton. ②(牛津高阶)We must concentrate our efforts ________ improving education. ③The mirrors reflect a ________ (concentrate) beam of light onto the town's central day, creating an area of sunlight roughly 600 square meters. 　单句表达 ④在表扬的时候，父母应该真诚，专注于过程而不是结果。 When giving praise, parents should be sincere and ________________________________________． ⑨ freeze v. 突然停止，呆住(教材P57) [名师点津]　freeze的过去式为froze，过去分词为frozen。 　单句语法填空 ①My heart ________ (freeze) in my chest as I saw the tractor heading towards the motorway. ②(柯林斯词典)If the ground is _____(freeze) it has become very hard because the weather is very cold. ③The salt lowers water's ________ (freeze) point, causing ice to melt. 　单句表达 ④卖火柴的小女孩在圣诞前夜冻死了。 The little match girl ____________________ on Christmas Eve. ⑩ reaction n. (对某一情形或事件的)反应(教材P58) 　单句语法填空 ①Children tend to react ________ their parents by going against their wishes. ②They were not sure how the Americans would react ________ the new type of music. ③In the past, there was often an automatic ________ (react) to increased traffic: just widen the roads, says Mark Poch. 　单句表达 ④实验表明，铁与空气和水反应。 The experiment shows that iron ____________________________． 短语研磨 after all 毕竟，终究(教材P57) 　选词填空(in all/above all/all the time/after all) ①The letter has been in my pocket ____________． ②“____________， everyone has bad days and good days，” Bridges said. “Some days you need a helping hand and some days you can be the one giving the helping hand.” ③____________， 80 examinations were conducted for the project between January and September, 2019, focusing on the imaging procedures that would cause anxiety. ④To be great, you must be smart, confident, and, ____________， honest. 　单句表达 ⑤毕竟，并不是每个人都意识到野生生物有思想、有感情，最重要的是，有平等的生存权利。 _______________ that wildlife has thoughts, feelings, and most importantly, equal rights to survive. 答案：⑤After all, not everyone has realized （第四关）基本句型模仿背诵及巩固情境研磨记忆巩固 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．The ________ (hard) you work, the greater progress you will make. 2．The most ________ (amaze) thing about nature is its infinite variety. 3．(中国日报)The Chinese government has determined ________ (crack) down on bitcoin mining and trading. 4．(牛津高阶)They expressed cautious optimism about a ________ (solve) to the crisis. 5．(牛津高阶)They spent two months in the jungle, surviving ________ small animals and fruit. 6．At the core of Lancom is a world－class ________ (effect) method that enhances language learning with advanced technology. 答7．Rain forests are home to a rich ________ (vary) of medicinal plants, food, birds and animals. 8．After strict monitoring and observation, no serious adverse ________ (react) took place. 9．It's ________ (freeze) cold outside so you must put on more clothes. 10．In Healing Gardens, patients can go to be near nature during their ________ (recover). Ⅱ.选词填空 a variety of; after all; rain cats and dogs; be famous for; in trouble; at a speed of; brave the elements; from time to time; feed on; cut down 1．(牛津高阶)If we can't keep to the schedule, we'll be ____________. 2．It is known that the cows and sheep mainly ____________ grass. 3．(朗文当代)More than 100 people ____________ and attended the rally. 4．Through the Summer Employment Opportunities program, students are hired each year in ____________ summer positions. 5．We were about to get home when it began to ____________． 6．(中国日报)Fengshan ____________ many products, including chestnuts and star anise, and also has proven gold reserves of more than 66 million tons, making it a “land of gold”． 7．It is important for children to have their teeth checked ____________． 8．(中国日报)China Three Gorges Corporation invested $200，000 in transporting telegraph poles by helicopter, which avoided ____________ 20，000 sqm of forest. 9．(中国日报)Usually there is talk of a four－year preparation cycle for an athlete, but ____________， you work for the Olympics all your life. 10．(朗文当代)The truck was travelling ____________ 50 mph. Ⅲ.单句表达 1．过马路时越小心，就越安全。 __________________ you are when you cross the road, ______________ you will be. 2．(2021·浙江高考1月)手势含义的模糊性表明，要么黑猩猩很少交流，要么我们仍然不理解它们手势和动作中包含的大量信息。 The vagueness of the gesture meanings suggests either that the chimps have little to communicate, or we are still missing a lot of the information ________________________________． 3．尽管这是你登山途中所见的唯一非自然的事物，但它同样突出了整个奇遇过程，而且还为你提供了可以让你疼痛的双腿休息的地方。 Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure and offers a place ________________________________________． 4．(中国日报)快递公司将活体动物作为普通邮包对待的一个重要原因是，网上宠物交易的监管还有很多不尽如人意的地方。 ________________________________________________ treat live animals as common postal parcels is that supervision of the online pet trade leaves much to be desired. 5．是你把窗户打碎了吗？ ______________________ broke the window? （第五关）必备重点语法精讲精练 非谓语动词 单句语法填空（高考真题练悟） 1． ________ (cover) an area about three times the size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. 2． Henry Tyler made the catch of the year on the weekend.When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony(阳台)，Henry ran one hundred metres，jumped over a 1.2-metre fence，and held out his arms to catch the ________ (fall) child. 3．________ (strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, ________ (invite) twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts. 4．A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi'an, as a first step ________ (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot. 5．He flew 4，700 kilometers from Xi'an to Kashgar on Sept. 20, ________ (plan) to hike back to Xi'an in five months. [感悟]　语法填空四谨记 1．巧记三种非谓语动词作状语的基本区别 (1)若非谓语动词与逻辑主语之间是主动关系，且正在进行，要想到用动词-ing形式； (2)若非谓语动词与逻辑主语之间是被动关系，且表示完成，要想到用动词-ed形式； (3)若非谓语动词表示将来的动作，作状语表示目的，在喜怒哀乐的形容词后作原因或意料之外的结果等，要想到用动词不定式形式。 2．掌握非谓语动词的句型公式 It's＋形容词＋(for/of sb.＋) to do sth.; It's no good/use/pleasure doing sth.; find/think/believe/consider＋it＋形容词＋to do sth.。 3．牢记用动词-ing形式或动词不定式作宾语的动词 4．巧辨谓语动词和非谓语动词 (1)一个句子无论是主句还是从句，必须要有谓语，一般空格所在的句子中无其他动词，则填谓语动词。谓语动词要考虑时态、语态和主谓一致等； (2)若句中找到了谓语动词，而又找不到连词(并列连词或从句连词)时，则所给动词一定用非谓语动词。非谓语动词需要确定是动词-ing 形式、动词-ed形式还是动词不定式形式。 核心考点破析 考点一 非谓语动词的时态语态一览表 类别 时态形式 语态形式 主动 被动 动词不定式 一般式 to do to be done 进行式 to be doing / 完成式 to have done to have been done 动词-ing 一般式 doing being done 完成式 having done having been done 过去分词 一般式 done / 1.主动形式、被动形式 非谓语动词与逻辑主语(通常是句子的主语)之间往往存在主谓或动宾关系：与逻辑主语之间存在主谓关系时，用主动形式；与逻辑主语之间存在动宾关系时，用被动形式。 The meeting to be held tomorrow is of great importance.明天举行的会议非常重要。 2．时间先后关系 根据它与谓语动词表示的动作之间的时间先后关系定时态。 (1)非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之后或同时发生，用非谓语动词的一般式。 He heard the song being sung next door. 他听到隔壁有人在唱这首歌。 (2)非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前，用非谓语动词的完成式。 Having finished his homework, he went to bed. 他完成作业之后就去睡觉了。 考点二 非谓语动词作状语 (一)不定式作状语 动词不定式作状语，表示目的、结果、原因等。 1．作目的状语 To enjoy the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smart phones. 为了享受数字支付的便利，许多老年人开始使用智能手机。 2．only to do sth.为不定式作结果状语，表示出乎意料的结果。 We hurried to the station, only to be told that the train had left.我们急匆匆地赶到车站，结果被告知火车已经开走了。 3．形容词或过去分词作表语时，后面可接不定式作原因状语。 常见词有：happy, lucky, glad，sorry，anxious，proud，disappointed，angry，surprised，ready，delighted，clever，foolish，pleased，fortunate，right等。 He was surprised to find his room thoroughly cleaned and everything arranged in perfect order. 他惊讶地发现他的房间被彻底打扫了，一切都安排得井井有条。 4．在“主语＋系动词＋表语(形容词)＋to do”结构中，不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。 该结构中常用的形容词有：easy，hard，difficult，important，impossible，interesting，pleasant，nice，comfortable，safe，dangerous等。 The chair looks rather hard, but in fact it is very comfortable to sit on. 这把椅子看上去很硬，但实际上坐上去很舒服。 (二)动词-ing形式作状语 动词-ing形式作状语， 常表原因、伴随、时间、结果等，与句子主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系。 1 Seeing a ray of hope(＝When she saw a ray of hope) , Ms. Burdeyney began raising money for the project with a friend.(作时间状语) 看到了一线希望，布尔德尼开始和一个朋友一起为这个项目筹集资金。 ②More highways have been built in China, making it much easier for people to travel from one place to another.(作结果状语) 中国已经修建了更多的公路，这让人们的出行变得更容易。 ③ Not knowing his telephone number, I can't get in touch with him. (作原因状语) 由于不知道他的电话号码，我无法和他取得联系。 (三)动词-ed形式作状语 1．动词-ed形式作状语， 分词与句子主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系。 Combined with good marketing, technological innovations will promote the sales of these products. 结合良好的市场营销，技术创新将促进这些产品的销售。 Translated into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order. 这个句子被译成英语后，人们发现它有一个完全不同的语序。 2．某些动词-ed形式已经形容词化， 且往往用于一些系表结构中， 此时这些动词-ed形式既不表示被动， 也不表示完成， 而表示一种状态， 如lost(迷路的), seated(坐着的), hidden(隐藏的), lost/absorbed in(沉溺于), dressed in(穿着……的), tired of(对……感到厌倦的)等。 Absorbed in his study, he didn't notice his classmates had gone home. 他专心学习，没有注意到同学们都回家了。 He hid his face in his hands again, lost in his own thoughts. 他又用手捂住了脸，陷入了沉思。 (四)独立主格结构 1．独立主格结构的特点 (1)独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立存在； (2)独立主格结构中作逻辑主语的名词或代词与后面的分词、形容词、副词、不定式、介词短语等是逻辑上的主谓或动宾关系； (3)独立主格结构一般用逗号与句子分开。 2．独立主格结构的构成 名词/代词＋现在分词/过去分词/形容词/副词/不定式/介词短语。 ①Every morning the old man walks in the park, his pet dog following him along(＝and his pet dog follows him along)． 每天早上，老人在公园里散步，他的宠物狗跟着他。 ②She stood there, her eyes looking upward into the sky and her hands crossed on her breast. 她站在那里，眼睛向上望着天空，双手交叉放在胸前。 单句语法填空 1．Over the years, the brand has also held various exhibitions and international art exchanges, ________ (become) a window of Chinese traditional culture to the world.[2023·湖南省高三六校联考] 2．In 1991, a photograph of the then 8-year-old Su, with a pair of large, crystal-clear eyes ________ (cry) for knowledge, touched numerous people.[2023·济南名校高三交流联考] 3．Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside.He pushed a chair onto the balcony，and climbed up ________ (see) them.[2022·新高考Ⅱ卷] 4．He used to be addicted to electronic devices and stay up late every night, ________ (trap) in an unhealthy daily routine.[2023·南通市高三考前练习卷] 5．To feed the seven billion people on Earth, most farmers today are growing only species of plants that are easy ________(produce) in large numbers.[2023·江苏省连云港市模拟二] 6．Although Liu's dance moves look simple, they are often too intense for his audience ________ (follow )． $$必修第一册 Unit 5 Into the wild 知识背诵清单通关练 （第一关）重点单词精选精背储备能量+核心词汇之转换词形词性 （第二关）重点短语再现背诵及研磨记忆巩固 （第三关）梳理核心词汇之转换词形词性及情境研磨记忆巩固 （第四关）基本句型模仿背诵及巩固情境研磨记忆巩固 （第五关）必备重点语法精讲精练 （第一关）重点单词精选精背储备能量 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.seek v. 寻找，寻求 2．measure v. 量，测量 3．position n. 位置 4．solution n. 解决，解决方法 5．shock n. 吃惊，震惊 6．variety n. 多样化，变化 7．per prep. 每 8．concentrate v. 专注，专心 9．stare v. 凝视，盯着看 10．reaction n. (对某一情形或事件的)反应 11.charity n. 慈善机构，慈善团体 12.image n. 图像，影像 13．professor n. 教授 14．mystery n. 难以理解的事物，谜 15．chemical n. 化学品 16．creature n. 生物，动物 17．accommodation n. 住所，工作场所 18．authority n. 当权，权利 19．source n. 来源，出处 20．found v. 创立，创建 21．photographer n. 摄影师 22．button n. 按钮 23．element n. 基本部分，要素 24．the elements 天气(尤指坏天气) 25．encounter n. 意外的相遇，邂逅 26．path n. 小径，小道 27．breathtaking adj. 令人惊叹的 28．eagle n. 鹰 核心词汇之转换词形词性 1.annual adj. 一年一度的，每年的→annually adv. 一年一次地；每年 2．migration n. 迁徙→migrate v. 移栖，迁徙 3．determine v. 测定，确定→determined adj. 有决心的；意志坚定的→determination n. 决心；决定 4．eventually adv. 终于，最终→eventual adj. 最后的，最终的 5．amazing adj. 惊人的，了不起的→amazed adj. 感到吃惊的→amaze v. 使惊愕(惊奇) →amazement n. 惊讶，惊奇 6．destroy v. 破坏，毁掉→destruction n. 破坏，毁灭 7．survive v. 活下来，幸存→survival n. 生存；幸存；幸存事物→survivor n. 幸存者 8．effect n. 影响，结果→effective adj. 有效的；生效的→effectively adv. 有效地 9．recover v. (从糟糕经历中)恢复→recovery n. 恢复；痊愈 10．freeze v. 突然停止，呆住→freezing adj. 严寒的，冰冻的→frozen adj. 冷冻的； 冷藏的 （第二关）重点短语再现背诵及研磨记忆巩固 1．manage to do sth 设法做到某事 2．the number of ... ……的数量 3．cut down 砍倒；减少 4．lead to 导致 5．feed on 以……为食 6．be likely to ... 可能…… 7．kill two birds with one stone 一举两得，一箭双雕 8．when the cat's away (the mice will play) 猫儿不在，老鼠作怪(指管事的不在，下面的人玩个痛快) 9．hold your horses 慢点，别急 10．add (．..) to ... (把……)增添到……中 11．instead of 代替 12．rain cats and dogs 下倾盆大雨 13．brave the elements 不顾天气恶劣，冒着风雨 14．at a speed of ... 以……的速度 15．concentrate__on 把注意力集中于，全神贯注于 16．force sb to do sth 强迫某人做某事 17．recover from 从……中恢复 18．show respect to ... 对……尊敬 19．after all 毕竟，终究 第三关）梳理核心词汇之转换词形词性及情境研磨记忆巩固 ① measure v. 量，测量(教材P50) [名师点津]　measure作“尺寸”讲时，常用作不可数名词；作“措施”讲时，通常用复数；作动词表示“有……长/宽/高”时，用主动形式表示被动含义；作后置定语时，要用现在分词。 　单句语法填空 ①Success shouldn't ________ (measure) only by how much money you have. ②(中国日报)A country should take necessary measures ________ (ensure) that its actions will not seriously harm the interests of other countries or the international community. ③(牛津高阶)I'm having the curtains made ________ measure. ④(剑桥高阶)The area, ________ (measure) 5 kilometers by 3 kilometers, has been purchased by the army. 答案：①be measured　②to ensure　③to　④measuring 　单句表达 ⑤(中国日报)每个人都可以理解，各国政府需要采取非常措施，保护本国人民免受新冠肺炎的攻击。 Everyone can understand that governments need to ________________________________________ the attack of the COVID－19. 答案：⑤take extraordinary measures to protect their populations against/from ② determine v. 测定，确定(教材P50) 　单句语法填空 ①Driven by heaven­knows­what motives, he determines ________ (write) a book. ②With her talent and ________ (determine), it appears that the sky could be the limit for Alice Moore. ③(柯林斯词典)They were ________ (determine) to break from precedent. 答案：①to write　②determination　③determined 　单句表达 ④(柯林斯词典)每个相关的人都以巨大的勇气和决心行动了。 Everyone concerned acted ________________________________． 答案：④with great courage and determination ③ amazing adj. 惊人的，了不起的(教材P51) 　单句语法填空 ①We were so ________ (amaze) that they could stay underwater much longer than us local islanders. ②(剑桥高阶)I was amazed ________ (hear) that Chris had won first prize. ③He looked at me in ________ (amaze), and it seemed that he hadn't recognized me. ④I had an ________ (amaze) time here, but it is time for me to move on. 答案：①amazed　②to hear　③amazement　④amazing 　单句表达 ⑤(牛津高阶)令我吃惊的是，他能凭借记忆背诵整篇诗文。 ________________， he was able to recite the whole poem from memory. ⑥(剑桥高阶)再没有别人应聘这份工作，真令人吃惊。 ____________________ no one else has applied for the job. 答案：⑤To my amazement　⑥It's amazing that ④ survive v. 活下来；幸存(教材P51) [名师点津]　survive用作及物动词表示“幸存”时，可直接跟“疾病、灾难、事故、危机”等名词；表示“比某人长命”时，常以人作宾语。 　单句语法填空 ①An increasingly concerned nation took firm action to stop the destruction of migratory (迁徙的) waterfowl and the wetlands so vital to their ________ (survive). ②(剑桥高阶)The family are struggling to survive ________ very little money. ③(朗文当代)Emergency help is needed for ________ (survive) of the earthquake. ④On average, the non­smokers survive smokers ________ 10 years. 答案：①survival　②on　③survivors　④by 　单句表达 ⑤如果一个捕食者能吃掉几个物种，它就能在其中一个物种灭绝后存活下来。 If a predator can eat several species, it can _____________________． ⑥(剑桥高阶)医生告诉我妻子我有一半的生存机会。 The doctors told my wife I had a 50/50 ________________________． 答案：⑤survive the extinction of one of them　⑥chance of survival ⑤ effect n. 影响，结果(教材P52) [名师点津]　表示“实际上”的表达还有：in fact, in reality, in practice, as a matter of fact等。 　单句语法填空 ①Individual talent will have positive effects ______ team performance when task interdependence is lower. ②In conclusion, positive thinking is a powerful and ________ (effect) tool for dealing with hard times and improving the quality of one's life. ③(牛津高阶)The new system will soon be put ________ effect. 答案：①on　②effective　③into 　单句表达 ④好的制度政策实际上会激发员工的专业水平的提升。 Favorable policies are ____________ to encourage employees' professional development. ⑤(牛津高阶)新的安全带规则上周开始实施。 The new seat－belt regulations ________________ last week. 答案：④in effect　⑤came into effect ⑥ recover v. (从糟糕经历中)恢复(教材P56) 　单句语法填空 ①In these places patients can go to be near nature during their ________ (recover). ②(剑桥高阶)It took her a long while to recover ________ her heart operation. 答案：①recovery　②from 　单句表达 ③(牛津高阶)我父亲手术后已完全康复了。 My father has ____________________ from the operation. 答案：③made a full recovery ⑦ variety n. 多样化，变化(教材P56) [名师点津]　“the variety of＋复数名词”意为“……的品种(种类)多样性”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 　单句语法填空 ①The researchers examined ________ (vary) levels of noise on participants as they completed tests of creative thinking. ②I like reading very much, especially the story books, varying _____Chinese stories to English stories. ③There are different kinds of fruit trees as well as a ________ (vary) of animals. 答案：①various　②from　③variety 　单句表达 ④一般来说，水果和蔬菜的价格随季节而变化。 Generally speaking, prices of fruit and vegetables ______________________． 答案：④vary with seasons ⑧ concentrate v. 专注，专心(教材P57) [名师点津]　表示“专心于；致力于”的短语还有：be addicted to (to为介词), be buried/lost/absorbed in, be devoted to (to为介词), put one's heart into, focus on/upon等。 　单句语法填空 ①Ocean colour varies from green to blue, depending on the type and ________ (concentrate) of phytoplankton. ②(牛津高阶)We must concentrate our efforts ________ improving education. ③The mirrors reflect a ________ (concentrate) beam of light onto the town's central day, creating an area of sunlight roughly 600 square meters. 答案：①concentration　②on　③concentrated 　单句表达 ④在表扬的时候，父母应该真诚，专注于过程而不是结果。 When giving praise, parents should be sincere and ________________________________________． 答案：④concentrate on the process instead of the result ⑨ freeze v. 突然停止，呆住(教材P57) [名师点津]　freeze的过去式为froze，过去分词为frozen。 　单句语法填空 ①My heart ________ (freeze) in my chest as I saw the tractor heading towards the motorway. ②(柯林斯词典)If the ground is _____(freeze) it has become very hard because the weather is very cold. ③The salt lowers water's ________ (freeze) point, causing ice to melt. 答案：①froze　②frozen　③freezing 　单句表达 ④卖火柴的小女孩在圣诞前夜冻死了。 The little match girl ____________________ on Christmas Eve. 答案：④was frozen to death ⑩ reaction n. (对某一情形或事件的)反应(教材P58) 　单句语法填空 ①Children tend to react ________ their parents by going against their wishes. ②They were not sure how the Americans would react ________ the new type of music. ③In the past, there was often an automatic ________ (react) to increased traffic: just widen the roads, says Mark Poch. 答案：①against　②to　③reaction 　单句表达 ④实验表明，铁与空气和水反应。 The experiment shows that iron ____________________________． 答案：④reacts with air and water 短语研磨 after all 毕竟，终究(教材P57) 　选词填空(in all/above all/all the time/after all) ①The letter has been in my pocket ____________． ②“____________， everyone has bad days and good days，” Bridges said. “Some days you need a helping hand and some days you can be the one giving the helping hand.” ③____________， 80 examinations were conducted for the project between January and September, 2019, focusing on the imaging procedures that would cause anxiety. ④To be great, you must be smart, confident, and, ____________， honest. 答案：①all the time　②After all　③In all　④above all 　单句表达 ⑤毕竟，并不是每个人都意识到野生生物有思想、有感情，最重要的是，有平等的生存权利。 _______________ that wildlife has thoughts, feelings, and most importantly, equal rights to survive. 答案：⑤After all, not everyone has realized （第四关）基本句型模仿背诵及巩固情境研磨记忆巩固 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．The ________ (hard) you work, the greater progress you will make. 答案：harder 2．The most ________ (amaze) thing about nature is its infinite variety. 答案：amazing 3．(中国日报)The Chinese government has determined ________ (crack) down on bitcoin mining and trading. 答案：to crack 4．(牛津高阶)They expressed cautious optimism about a ________ (solve) to the crisis. 答案：solution 5．(牛津高阶)They spent two months in the jungle, surviving ________ small animals and fruit. 答案：on 6．At the core of Lancom is a world－class ________ (effect) method that enhances language learning with advanced technology. 答案：effective 7．Rain forests are home to a rich ________ (vary) of medicinal plants, food, birds and animals. 答案：variety 8．After strict monitoring and observation, no serious adverse ________ (react) took place. 答案：reactions 9．It's ________ (freeze) cold outside so you must put on more clothes. 答案：freezing 10．In Healing Gardens, patients can go to be near nature during their ________ (recover). 答案：recovery Ⅱ.选词填空 a variety of; after all; rain cats and dogs; be famous for; in trouble; at a speed of; brave the elements; from time to time; feed on; cut down 1．(牛津高阶)If we can't keep to the schedule, we'll be ____________. 答案：in trouble 2．It is known that the cows and sheep mainly ____________ grass. 答案：feed on 3．(朗文当代)More than 100 people ____________ and attended the rally. 答案：braved the elements 4．Through the Summer Employment Opportunities program, students are hired each year in ____________ summer positions. 答案：a variety of 5．We were about to get home when it began to ____________． 答案：rain cats and dogs 6．(中国日报)Fengshan ____________ many products, including chestnuts and star anise, and also has proven gold reserves of more than 66 million tons, making it a “land of gold”． 答案：is famous for 7．It is important for children to have their teeth checked ____________． 答案：from time to time 8．(中国日报)China Three Gorges Corporation invested $200，000 in transporting telegraph poles by helicopter, which avoided ____________ 20，000 sqm of forest. 答案：cutting down 9．(中国日报)Usually there is talk of a four－year preparation cycle for an athlete, but ____________， you work for the Olympics all your life. 答案：after all 10．(朗文当代)The truck was travelling ____________ 50 mph. 答案：at a speed of Ⅲ.单句表达 1．过马路时越小心，就越安全。 __________________ you are when you cross the road, ______________ you will be. 答案：The more careful; the safer 2．(2021·浙江高考1月)手势含义的模糊性表明，要么黑猩猩很少交流，要么我们仍然不理解它们手势和动作中包含的大量信息。 The vagueness of the gesture meanings suggests either that the chimps have little to communicate, or we are still missing a lot of the information ________________________________． 答案：contained in their gestures and actions 3．尽管这是你登山途中所见的唯一非自然的事物，但它同样突出了整个奇遇过程，而且还为你提供了可以让你疼痛的双腿休息的地方。 Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure and offers a place ________________________________________． 答案：where you can sit down to rest your aching legs 4．(中国日报)快递公司将活体动物作为普通邮包对待的一个重要原因是，网上宠物交易的监管还有很多不尽如人意的地方。 ________________________________________________ treat live animals as common postal parcels is that supervision of the online pet trade leaves much to be desired. 答案：An important reason why the express delivery companies 5．是你把窗户打碎了吗？ ______________________ broke the window? 答案：Was it you that/who （第五关）必备重点语法精讲精练 非谓语动词 高考真题练悟 单句语法填空 1． ________ (cover) an area about three times the size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. 2． Henry Tyler made the catch of the year on the weekend.When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony(阳台)，Henry ran one hundred metres，jumped over a 1.2-metre fence，and held out his arms to catch the ________ (fall) child. 3．________ (strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, ________ (invite) twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts. 4．A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi'an, as a first step ________ (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot. 5．He flew 4，700 kilometers from Xi'an to Kashgar on Sept. 20, ________ (plan) to hike back to Xi'an in five months. [感悟]　语法填空四谨记 1．巧记三种非谓语动词作状语的基本区别 (1)若非谓语动词与逻辑主语之间是主动关系，且正在进行，要想到用动词-ing形式； (2)若非谓语动词与逻辑主语之间是被动关系，且表示完成，要想到用动词-ed形式； (3)若非谓语动词表示将来的动作，作状语表示目的，在喜怒哀乐的形容词后作原因或意料之外的结果等，要想到用动词不定式形式。 2．掌握非谓语动词的句型公式 It's＋形容词＋(for/of sb.＋) to do sth.; It's no good/use/pleasure doing sth.; find/think/believe/consider＋it＋形容词＋to do sth.。 3．牢记用动词-ing形式或动词不定式作宾语的动词 4．巧辨谓语动词和非谓语动词 (1)一个句子无论是主句还是从句，必须要有谓语，一般空格所在的句子中无其他动词，则填谓语动词。谓语动词要考虑时态、语态和主谓一致等； (2)若句中找到了谓语动词，而又找不到连词(并列连词或从句连词)时，则所给动词一定用非谓语动词。非谓语动词需要确定是动词-ing 形式、动词-ed形式还是动词不定式形式。 核心考点破析 考点一 非谓语动词的时态语态一览表 类别 时态形式 语态形式 主动 被动 动词不定式 一般式 to do to be done 进行式 to be doing / 完成式 to have done to have been done 动词-ing 一般式 doing being done 完成式 having done having been done 过去分词 一般式 done / 1.主动形式、被动形式 非谓语动词与逻辑主语(通常是句子的主语)之间往往存在主谓或动宾关系：与逻辑主语之间存在主谓关系时，用主动形式；与逻辑主语之间存在动宾关系时，用被动形式。 The meeting to be held tomorrow is of great importance.明天举行的会议非常重要。 2．时间先后关系 根据它与谓语动词表示的动作之间的时间先后关系定时态。 (1)非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之后或同时发生，用非谓语动词的一般式。 He heard the song being sung next door. 他听到隔壁有人在唱这首歌。 (2)非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前，用非谓语动词的完成式。 Having finished his homework, he went to bed. 他完成作业之后就去睡觉了。 考点二 非谓语动词作状语 (一)不定式作状语 动词不定式作状语，表示目的、结果、原因等。 1．作目的状语 To enjoy the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smart phones. 为了享受数字支付的便利，许多老年人开始使用智能手机。 2．only to do sth.为不定式作结果状语，表示出乎意料的结果。 We hurried to the station, only to be told that the train had left.我们急匆匆地赶到车站，结果被告知火车已经开走了。 3．形容词或过去分词作表语时，后面可接不定式作原因状语。 常见词有：happy, lucky, glad，sorry，anxious，proud，disappointed，angry，surprised，ready，delighted，clever，foolish，pleased，fortunate，right等。 He was surprised to find his room thoroughly cleaned and everything arranged in perfect order. 他惊讶地发现他的房间被彻底打扫了，一切都安排得井井有条。 4．在“主语＋系动词＋表语(形容词)＋to do”结构中，不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。 该结构中常用的形容词有：easy，hard，difficult，important，impossible，interesting，pleasant，nice，comfortable，safe，dangerous等。 The chair looks rather hard, but in fact it is very comfortable to sit on. 这把椅子看上去很硬，但实际上坐上去很舒服。 (二)动词-ing形式作状语 动词-ing形式作状语， 常表原因、伴随、时间、结果等，与句子主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系。 1 Seeing a ray of hope(＝When she saw a ray of hope) , Ms. Burdeyney began raising money for the project with a friend.(作时间状语) 看到了一线希望，布尔德尼开始和一个朋友一起为这个项目筹集资金。 ②More highways have been built in China, making it much easier for people to travel from one place to another.(作结果状语) 中国已经修建了更多的公路，这让人们的出行变得更容易。 ③ Not knowing his telephone number, I can't get in touch with him. (作原因状语) 由于不知道他的电话号码，我无法和他取得联系。 (三)动词-ed形式作状语 1．动词-ed形式作状语， 分词与句子主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系。 Combined with good marketing, technological innovations will promote the sales of these products. 结合良好的市场营销，技术创新将促进这些产品的销售。 Translated into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order. 这个句子被译成英语后，人们发现它有一个完全不同的语序。 2．某些动词-ed形式已经形容词化， 且往往用于一些系表结构中， 此时这些动词-ed形式既不表示被动， 也不表示完成， 而表示一种状态， 如lost(迷路的), seated(坐着的), hidden(隐藏的), lost/absorbed in(沉溺于), dressed in(穿着……的), tired of(对……感到厌倦的)等。 Absorbed in his study, he didn't notice his classmates had gone home. 他专心学习，没有注意到同学们都回家了。 He hid his face in his hands again, lost in his own thoughts. 他又用手捂住了脸，陷入了沉思。 (四)独立主格结构 1．独立主格结构的特点 (1)独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立存在； (2)独立主格结构中作逻辑主语的名词或代词与后面的分词、形容词、副词、不定式、介词短语等是逻辑上的主谓或动宾关系； (3)独立主格结构一般用逗号与句子分开。 2．独立主格结构的构成 名词/代词＋现在分词/过去分词/形容词/副词/不定式/介词短语。 ①Every morning the old man walks in the park, his pet dog following him along(＝and his pet dog follows him along)． 每天早上，老人在公园里散步，他的宠物狗跟着他。 ②She stood there, her eyes looking upward into the sky and her hands crossed on her breast. 她站在那里，眼睛向上望着天空，双手交叉放在胸前。 单句语法填空 1．Over the years, the brand has also held various exhibitions and international art exchanges, ________ (become) a window of Chinese traditional culture to the world.[2023·湖南省高三六校联考] 2．In 1991, a photograph of the then 8-year-old Su, with a pair of large, crystal-clear eyes ________ (cry) for knowledge, touched numerous people.[2023·济南名校高三交流联考] 3．Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside.He pushed a chair onto the balcony，and climbed up ________ (see) them.[2022·新高考Ⅱ卷] 4．He used to be addicted to electronic devices and stay up late every night, ________ (trap) in an unhealthy daily routine.[2023·南通市高三考前练习卷] 5．To feed the seven billion people on Earth, most farmers today are growing only species of plants that are easy ________(produce) in large numbers.[2023·江苏省连云港市模拟二] 6．Although Liu's dance moves look simple, they are often too intense for his audience ________ (follow )．[2023·汕头市模拟] 答案 高考真题练悟 1．答案与解析：Covering　考查非谓语动词。cover与句子主语是逻辑上的主谓关系，所以用现在分词形式作伴随状语。 2．答案与解析：falling　考查非谓语动词。fall为动词，意为“掉落”，child和fall之间是主动关系，同时表示正在进行。故应该使用现在分词作定语。故填falling。 3．答案与解析：To strengthen　考查非谓语动词。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，空处应用不定式表示目的。 答案与解析：inviting　考查非谓语动词。本句已有谓语动词“included”，提示词与“the event”之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故空处用提示词“invite”的现在分词形式作状语。 4．答案与解析：to journey　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句的谓语动词是hiked，空处应是非谓语动词。名词step前面有序数词first修饰，因此空处应用动词不定式作后置定语。 5．答案与解析：planning　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句的谓语动词是flew，空处应是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语He之间构成主谓关系。 考点二 即学即练 1．答案与解析：becoming　现在分词。分析句子结构可知，该空在句中作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果，且句子的主语the brand与become之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故填becoming。 2．答案与解析：crying　非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处为with复合结构，又因为eyes与cry之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系，故填crying。 3．答案与解析：to see　考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，句中的climbed up为谓语动词，设空处应该使用非谓语动词。根据句意，他要向上爬以看到他们(外面玩闹的孩子们)，故应该使用不定式作目的状语，故填to see。 4．答案与解析：trapped　考查非谓语动词。句意：他曾经沉迷于电子设备，每晚熬夜，陷于不健康的日常生活中。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词，空处为非谓语动词作状语，和句子的主语之间为被动关系，故填trapped。 5．答案与解析：to produce　考查动词不定式。句意：为了养活地球上70亿人口，今天大多数农民只种植易于大量生产的植物品种。be easy to do sth.做某事是容易的，固定搭配。 6．答案与解析：to follow　考查非谓语动词。分析句意可知，此处为“too＋形容词＋to do sth.”句型，表示“太……而不能”，故填to follow。 $$