精品解析：山东省淄博市临淄中学2023-2024学年高二下学期阶段性模块检测英语试题

2023-2024学年度第二学期阶段性模块检测高二英语试卷 2024.05 考生注意： 1. 本试卷共150分, 考试时间120 分钟。 2.请将各题答案填写在答题卡上。 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30 分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 (共5小题;每题1.5分,满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the woman need to buy? A. A box. B. A desk. C. A TV. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】M: Wow, this is great for a university room! You own a bathroom and a TV...but where do you put your books? Do we need to buy you a box? W: No, there’s space for them behind the sofa. All I really need to buy now is a desk. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Who is Dave? A. The man’s brother. B. The man’s classmate. C A friend of the man’s brother. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】W: Well, Dave is nice. Can you tell me how you know him? M: He went to the same university as my brother, and they became really close. I don’t know him that well, but he seems like a good person. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What is the man going to do? A. Check in. B. Have a meal. C. Take a rest. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】W: Mr. Shaw, welcome back to the Orion Hotel. The restaurant’s just opened for dinner service. Shall I arrange a table for you? M: No, thanks. I’ll just take my room key. It’s been a really long day! W: Certainly. Call me if you want any drinks. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 How old is the man? A. 10. B. 15. C. 25. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】M: Oh, I can’t wait for this year’s World Cup to come. It has been one of the most important things to me for a long time. W: Wow, how long have you enjoyed it? M: About 10 years, since I was 15 years old. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Where to go on holiday. B. How to place an order. C. What to eat. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】W: I can’t decide what to order. I wonder what the cheese sandwich is like. M: Oh, that’s lovely. My sister and her children had it on holiday in Cornwall. I think I’ll have a hamburger. 第二节 (共15 小题; 每小题 1.5 分, 满分 22.5 分) 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟;听完后各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. At a museum. B. In a phone shop. C. At the speakers’ house. 7. What does the man offer to do for the woman? A. Give her a ride. B. Look for her keys. C. Lend her his phone. 【答案】6. C 7. A 【解析】 【原文】M: Your bedroom is such a mess. What happened? W: I put my phone down here somewhere, but I can’t find it now. M: Shall I call it for you? W: I’ve tried it, but nothing happened. I think the battery must be dead. M: Oh, dear. Well, I’ll help you look for it. W: Thanks. I’m in a rush. I’m supposed to meet my friends at the national museum in 20 minutes. M: Well, don’t worry. Mom left me the car keys, so I can drive you if you like. W: Thanks. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. When will Carol bring the heater? A. On Tuesday. B. On Wednesday. C. On Thursday. 9. What does the man think of the written tests? A. Challenging. B. Simple. C. Dull. 10. How does the woman sound in the end? A. Regretful. B. Encouraging. C. Shocked. 【答案】8. C 9. B 10. B 【解析】 【原文】M: Is Carol still coming by today to drop off that heater? If so, you’ll have to meet her. I have my English course on Wednesday nights. W: No. She called yesterday to say that she would bring it tomorrow instead. How are you doing in the class anyway? M: I am not sure. I find the written tests very creative but easy. I could do better on the speaking parts, even though they are a little bit challenging. My teacher is strict but fair. I think I am somewhere in the middle, but I do enjoy it. W: As long as you enjoy it. It gets you away from the television, anyway. M: Well, at least I can study for an hour every night now, like reading an English book, but then I get so tired. W: We just need to find you the right hobby. Once you find it, you’ll look forward to every minute you spend doing it. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 11. What are the speakers doing? A. Eating some food. B. Playing soft songs. C. Enjoying a concert. 12. How long have the speakers got for lunch? A. 10 minutes. B. 30 minutes. C. 45 minutes. 13. What is the man going to eat? A. Hot dogs. B. Noodles. C. Fish. 【答案】11. C 12. C 13. B 【解析】 【原文】M: This band plays the best songs. It’s such a joy to listen to the beat. W: I agree. I’m so glad you managed to get us tickets. The only problem is that it’s a bit loud at times! M: Yes, it was hurting my ears! Perhaps they will play some softer songs after the break. W: Ha-ha! I hope so. Let’s get out of here for some fresh air. How long will it be before they will be back on stage? Is it 30 minutes? M: It’s three-quarters of an hour. That gives us plenty of time for lunch. I’m so hungry. I could eat up 10 hot dogs! W: How about that take-away restaurant over there? They do some really nice noodles.Or how about that fish shop? M: Noodles for me please as they’re filling and time-saving! Then let’s get back to the music! 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 14. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Guide and visitor. C. Teacher and student. 15. Where is the bird usually seen? A. Up in the tree. B. Beside a river. C. High in the sky. 16. Why does the bird keep looking around? A. To enjoy the sight. B. To defend himself. C. To search for food. 【答案】14. A 15. C 16. C 【解析】 【原文】W: Can you see that bird over there? It’s in the tree staying perfectly still. It’s a golden eagle and they are extremely rare around here. I remember our teacher mentioned the bird a few days ago. M: Yes, I can see him through my telescope. W: Normally you might see one flying high in the sky as they disappear into the clouds. They are usually so far away that you can hardly see them clearly. But this one...you can see him perfectly as he is so close! M: Yes, quite an interesting bird. W: Do you notice how he keeps looking around? He’s viewing the river below—he’s probably hungry and looking for his next meal. M: What sort of meal will he be looking for? W: Rabbit maybe, or a deer. They are powerful birds and have been known to attack people’s dogs, which is pretty frightening! M: Let me get my camera out. There! Take a look at this photo. W: He looks so beautiful, standing on the mountain top. M: It’s like he thinks he’s the king, and he owns the land! W: Oh, he’s off! Into the sky! What an amazing sight! 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. What is the main topic of the notice? A. Leaving school early. B. Canceling school tomorrow. C. Stopping students from driving home. 18. What is the current snow depth? A. 5 cm. B. 10 cm. C. 20 cm. 19. Where should students wait for the school buses? A. In the cafeteria. B. In the classroom. C. At the school gate. 20. What will be talked about next? A. School schedules. B. Safety suggestions. C. Driving instructions. 【答案】17. A 18. B 19. A 20. B 【解析】 【原文】Hello, everyone—this is your headmaster, Mr. Dodson, speaking. I’m sure you’ve all noticed the snowstorm has become worse since we arrived here at 8 a.m. The school staff and I apologize for not realizing how heavy this storm would be. It was reported that there would be 5 cm of snow. But indeed, we currently have double that amount, and it’s expected to become over 20 cm by three o’clock. So, what does that mean? It will require classes to end now, at 11 o’clock. Lunch will still be served in the cafeteria; you may have it now. For senior students who have driven to school, you’re welcome to drive home, but please be careful. For everyone else, the school buses are coming at noon. You are advised to wait in the cafeteria until then. But please, for everyone in the school, call your parents to tell them what you’re doing. It’s quite a dangerous situation out there right now. And by this evening, we’ll have almost a meter of snow on the ground. Next, wait for an announcement from our school bus driver, Jamie Johnson. He will tell you more information about bus schedules and safety advice. Thanks, everyone—and please, stay safe out there. 第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分 37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 A Whether you’re hiking through Yellowstone or camping in the Ozarks, choosing the best backpacking stove (炉子) to take with you can make a big difference. Read on for some of our top picks. Soto Windmaster 4Flex Backpackers love its convenient built-in igniter (点火器), powerful heat output, and four-pronged (四管的) pot stabilizer, which provides a more stable platform for cooking than three-pronged stoves. Buy it now at REI Solo Stove Titan The Solo Titan burns twigs, pine cones, leaves, and any other biofuels you may find out in nature, offering a safe and natural alternative to burning gas. The Titan is considered mid-size, ideal for cooking for several people. Buy it now at SoloStove Fire Maple Star X2 Cooking System Based on hundreds of reviews, hikers say they’re impressed by this gas-powered stove’s easy setup. The Star X2 also features Heat Exchange Technology, which the company says provides superior wind-resistance in different weather environments, helping to reduce overall boil time. Buy it now on Amazon Soto Amicus Weighing just 2.9 ounces, the Soto Amicus is well known for its light weight and attractive appearance. Multiple Amazon reviewers praise this backpacking stove’s easy setup and four integrated pot stabilizers, which create a stable base for cooking in the wilderness. Buy it now on Amazon or REI 21. Which stove suits you best if you want a quick meal? A. Soto Amicus. B. Solo Stove Titan. C. Soto Windmaster 4Flex. D. Fire Maple Star X2 Cooking System. 22. What feature do Soto Windmaster 4Flex and Soto Amicus have in common? A. Easy setup. B. Wind resistance. C. Relative stability. D. Attractive appearance. 23. What is the text? A. An adventure travel report. B. An outdoor travel guide. C. An advertisement for facilities. D. A cookbook for easy meals. 【答案】21. D 22. C 23. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四种背包式的炉灶。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据Fire Maple Star X2 Cooking System部分中“The Star X2 also features Heat Exchange Technology, which the company says provides superior wind-resistance in different weather environments, helping to reduce overall boil time. (Star X2还采用了热交换技术，该公司表示，该技术在不同的天气环境下提供了卓越的抗风能力，有助于缩短整体煮沸时间。)”可知，如果你想快速用餐，火枫之星X2烹饪系统这种炉子最适合你。故选D项。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据Soto Windmaster 4Flex部分中“Backpackers love its convenient built-in igniter (点火器), powerful heat output, and four-pronged (四管的) pot stabilizer, which provides a more stable platform for cooking than three-pronged stoves. (背包客喜欢它方便的内置点火器，强大的热量输出，以及四叉锅稳定器，它提供了一个比三叉炉更稳定的烹饪平台。)”和Soto Amicus部分中“Multiple Amazon reviewers praise this backpacking stove’s easy setup and four integrated pot stabilizers, which create a stable base for cooking in the wilderness. (多名亚马逊评论者称赞这款背包式炉灶安装方便，还有四个集成的锅稳定器，为野外烹饪创造了一个稳定的基础。)”可知，Soto Windmaster 4Flex和Soto Amicus的共同之处是它们都有相对稳定性。故选C项。 【23题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，根据第一段“Whether you’re hiking through Yellowstone or camping in the Ozarks, choosing the best backpacking stove (炉子) to take with you can make a big difference. Read on for some of our top picks. (无论你是徒步穿越黄石公园还是在奥扎克露营，选择最好的背包式的炉子可以带来很大的不同。请继续阅读我们的一些最佳选择。)”可知，本篇文章是一个设施广告。故选C项。 B Are you an “I person” or an “E person”? These two personality labels in particular are widely discussed online. They are part of a popular personality test called the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator, or MBTI. There are 16 personalities in all, of which “I” and “E” refer to “introverted” and “extroverted”, respectively. Even if someone is typically quiet, many online discussions suggest that an “I person” can still act outgoing at times. For example, when an introverted person is with a group of introverted friends, they might become more social like an “E” person. According to psychologists, this idea of temporarily switching personalities is called “masking”. That is hiding your true personality in specific situations. “Human beings want to feel they belong, and they might become people-pleasers to do so,” wrote the MasterClass website. Thinking on this, I may actually be the kind of person that these people are discussing. Most times, I just wish to make the atmosphere more interesting and exciting and show people that I’m easy to get along with. But deep down, I mostly enjoy being alone and quiet. Using the MBTI result to identify and describe someone’s personality seems fun. However, I went too far at one time. My sister was excitedly making a day-to-day travel plan when I remembered from an article that a “P person” doesn’t like to make or stick to plans, so I said to her, “You don’t seem like a ‘P person’”. “Why?” she asked back. “Since when do I need to follow what my personality test tells me to do?” It was then that I realized that I’d taken the result too seriously. The MBTI personality test may show something you don’t know about yourself and can even be a fun ice-breaker question when meeting new friends. And that’s all it is—for fun. Knowing someone’s MBTI result doesn’t mean you really know this person. 24. An “I person” tends to ________. A. reflect on problems alone B. enjoy gatherings with friends C. be active in social situations D. try to chat with complete strangers 25. Why does an “I person” act like an “E person” sometimes? A. Because he/she wants to be like others. B. Because he/she needs a sense of belonging. C. Because he/she dislikes to embarrass others. D. Because he/she is actually an “E person” deep inside. 26. What does the writer mean by saying “I went too far” in paragraph 5? A. She pushed her sister too much. B. She failed to help her sister follow her plan. C. She believed blindly the result of the personality test. D. She discouraged her sister to make a detailed travel plan. 27. What does the writer think about the MBTI? A. It is supposed to be strictly followed. B. It tells you everything about your personality. C. It’s an interesting way to start a chat with a stranger. D. It’s a reliable approach to telling what type of people a person belongs to. 【答案】24. A 25. B 26. C 27. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了Myers-Briggs Type Indicator（MBTI）人格测试中的“I”（内向）和“E”（外向）两种类型。文章指出，尽管人们通常被归为某一类型，但在特定情况下可能会暂时表现出不同的性格特点，这被称为“掩饰”。作者反思自己可能也是这种会在不同场合表现出不同性格的人。 【24题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Even if someone is typically quiet, many online discussions suggest that an “I person” can still act outgoing at times.(即使某人是典型的沉默寡言，许多在线讨论表明，一个“I person”有时仍然可以表现得外向。)”可知，一个“I person”往往会自己一个人思考问题，故选A。 【25题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“For example, when an introverted person is with a group of introverted friends, they might become more social like an “E” person.(例如，当一个内向的人和一群内向的朋友在一起时，他们可能会变得更像一个“E”型的人。)”和第三段“Human beings want to feel they belong, and they might become people-pleasers to do so(人类想要归属感，为此他们可能会成为取悦他人的人)”可知，“I person”有时候表现得像“E person”，因为他/她需要归属感。故选B。 【26题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第五段“Using the MBTI result to identify and describe someone’s personality seems fun.(用MBTI测试的结果来识别和描述一个人的性格似乎很有趣。)”和“It was then that I realized that I’d taken the result too seriously.(那时我才意识到我把结果看得太认真了。)”可知，作者在第5段说“I went too far”的意思是她盲目地相信了性格测试的结果。故选C。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“The MBTI personality test may show something you don’t know about yourself and can even be a fun ice-breaker question when meeting new friends.(MBTI人格测试可能会显示出你对自己不了解一些东西，甚至可以成为你结识新朋友时一个有趣的破冰问题。)”可知，作者认为MBTI是和陌生人开始聊天的有趣方式。故选C。 C A new study led by researchers at the Yale School of Public Health finds air pollution may negatively impact standardized test scores. Using data from the North Carolina Education Research Data Center, the researchers tracked 2.8 million public school students in North Carolina from 2001 to 2018 and measured their exposure to PM2.5 found in polluted air. While previous research has shown negative effects on academic performance, it has relied on relatively small or less representative samples. “The biggest strength of this study is that we tracked every student in North Carolina in those years, for the whole time period that they were in the public schools,” said Emma Zang, coauthor of the study. The study also finds that test scores of ethnic minorities and girls are disproportionately (不成比例地) impacted by PM2.5 levels. “Females and ethnic minorities face sexism and racism,” said Zang. “There are a lot of policies that are not friendly towards them. So, when they’re exposed to the same level of air pollution, they don’t have the resources to lessen the negative influences.” More privileged populations, however, might have more resources that allow them to live in a better environment, such as in houses with air purifiers. “The level of PM2.5 pollution in the US is relatively low, but students living in areas below the current air quality standard of annual PM2.5 concentration are still negatively impacted by air pollution when it comes to their test scores,” said Zang. “We should aim to strengthen the annual PM2.5 standard to better protect our children.” Air pollution is known to contribute to disease and death, and it also negatively affects students’ academic performance even at low levels of pollution. The subsequent studies, the researchers said, would involve looking at whether the findings hold true in different areas, and also the reasons behind the ethnic and sexual differences. 28. What’s the greatest advantage of the study? A. Tracking each student for 18 years. B. Collecting more comprehensive data. C. Measuring students’ PM2.5 exposure precisely. D. Building links between air pollution and test scores. 29. According to Zang, ethnic minorities and girls ________. A. benefit from current policies on PM2.5 pollution B. have the lowest test scores due to their identities C. lack resources to reduce the impact of air pollution D. suffer from educational inequalities owing to their background 30. What’s Zang doing in paragraph 3? A. Offering a suggestion. B. Raising a doubt. C. Making a comparison. D. Giving a prediction. 31. What might be the focus of the follow-up studies? A. Applicability of the findings to other regions. B. Ways to address racial and sexual differences. C. Long-term impacts of air pollution on children. D. Establishment of PM2.5 standard fit for children. 【答案】28. B 29. C 30. A 31. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了耶鲁大学公共卫生学院的研究人员领导的一项新研究发现，空气污染可能会对标准化考试成绩产生负面影响。文章介绍了研究的具体发现以及相应的应对建议。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段““The biggest strength of this study is that we tracked every student in North Carolina in those years, for the whole time period that they were in the public schools,” said Emma Zang, coauthor of the study. (该研究的合著者Emma Zang说：“这项研究最大的优势在于，我们追踪了北卡罗来纳州那些年的每一位学生，追踪了他们在公立学校上学的整个时间。”)”可知，这项研究最大的优势是收集了更全面的数据。故选B。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“So, when they’re exposed to the same level of air pollution, they don’t have the resources to lessen the negative influences. (所以，当他们暴露在同样水平的空气污染中时，他们没有资源来减轻负面影响)”可知，少数族裔和女孩缺乏减少空气污染影响的资源。故选C。 【30题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段““The level of PM2.5 pollution in the US is relatively low, but students living in areas below the current air quality standard of annual PM2.5 concentration are still negatively impacted by air pollution when it comes to their test scores,” said Zang. “We should aim to strengthen the annual PM2.5 standard to better protect our children.” (“美国的PM2.5污染水平相对较低，但生活在低于当前PM2.5年空气质量标准地区的学生，在考试成绩方面仍然受到空气污染的负面影响，”Zang说。“我们应该致力于提高PM2.5年度标准，以更好地保护我们的孩子。”)”可知，臧在第三段提供建议。故选A。 【31题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“The subsequent studies, the researchers said, would involve looking at whether the findings hold true in different areas, and also the reasons behind the ethnic and sexual differences. (研究人员说，接下来的研究将包括观察这些发现是否在不同的领域也适用，以及族裔和性别差异背后的原因)”可推知，后续研究的重点可能是调查结果对其他区域的适用性。故选A。 D ChatGPT appears to have better “bedside manners” than some doctors — at least when their written advice is rated for quality and empathy (同理心), a study has shown. The study, published in the journal JAMA Internal Medicine, used data from social news website Reddit’s Ask Docs forum, in which members can post medical questions answered by verified healthcare professionals. The team randomly sampled 195 exchanges from Ask Docs where a verified doctor responded to a public question. The original questions were then posed to the AI language model ChatGPT, which was asked to respond. Finally, a panel of three licensed healthcare professionals, who did not know whether the response came from a human physician or ChatGPT, rated the answers for quality and empathy. Overall, the panel preferred ChatGPT’s responses to those given by a human 79 percent of the time. ChatGPT responses were also rated good or very good quality 79 percent of the time, compared with 22 percent of doctors’ responses, and 45 percent of the ChatGPT answers were rated empathic or very empathic compared with just 5 percent of doctors’ replies. Christopher Longhurst, of UC San Diego Health, said: “These results suggest that tools like ChatGPT can efficiently draft high-quality, personalized medical advice for review by clinicians, and we are beginning that process at UCSD Health.” Professor James Davenport, of the University of Bath, who was not involved in the research, said: “The paper does not say that ChatGPT can replace doctors, but does, quite reasonably, call for further research into whether and how ChatGPT can assist physicians in response generation.” Some noted that, given ChatGPT was specifically designed to be likable, it was not surprising that it wrote texts that came across as empathic. It also tended to give longer, chattier answers than human doctors, which could have played a role in its higher ratings. Others cautioned against relying on language models for factual information due to their tendency to generate made-up “facts”. 32. What does paragraph 2 mainly discuss about the study? A. The general outline. B. The statistical analysis. C. The theoretical basis. D. The data sources. 33. What is the percentage difference in empathy ratings between doctors’ responses and ChatGPTs responses? A. 17 percent. B. 40 percent. C. 57 percent. D. 74 percent. 34. What’s Professor Davenport’s view regarding the paper’s proposal for additional investigation into ChatGPTs support for physicians? A. Indifferent. B. Objective. C. Concerned. D. Disapproving. 35. What concern was raised about using ChatGPT? A. Its responses might be one-sided. B. It has limited factual knowledge. C. It can produce incorrect content. D. It is unable to offer high-quality advice. 【答案】32. A 33. B 34. B 35. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。一项研究表明，ChatGPT似乎比一些医生有更好的“对病人的态度”——至少在他们的书面建议的质量和同理心方面是这样。文章对此进行了介绍。 【32题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“The study, published in the journal JAMA Internal Medicine, used data from social news website Reddit’s Ask Docs forum, in which members can post medical questions answered by verified healthcare professionals. The team randomly sampled 195 exchanges from Ask Docs where a verified doctor responded to a public question. The original questions were then posed to the AI language model ChatGPT, which was asked to respond. Finally, a panel of three licensed healthcare professionals, who did not know whether the response came from a human physician or ChatGPT, rated the answers for quality and empathy.(这项发表在《美国医学会内科杂志》上的研究使用了社交新闻网站Reddit的Ask Docs论坛的数据，在这个论坛上，会员可以发布由经过验证的医疗专业人员回答的医疗问题。研究小组从Ask Docs中随机抽取了195个经过认证的医生对公众问题的回答。最初的问题随后被提交给人工智能语言模型ChatGPT，它被要求做出回应。最后，一个由三名有执照的医疗保健专业人员组成的小组，他们不知道这些回答是来自人类医生还是ChatGPT，他们对答案的质量和同理心进行了评分。)”可知，第2段主要讨论了这项研究的总体框架，即这项研究的大体研究方法和过程。故选A。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“ChatGPT responses were also rated good or very good quality 79 percent of the time, compared with 22 percent of doctors’ responses, and 45 percent of the ChatGPT answers were rated empathic or very empathic compared with just 5 percent of doctors’ replies.(ChatGPT的回答有79%被评为“好”或“非常好”，而医生回答的这一比例为22%；45%的ChatGPT回答被评为“同情”或“非常同情”，而医生的回答只有5%。)”可知，医生的回答和ChatGPTs的回答在共情评分上的百分比差异是40%。故选B。 【34题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“Professor James Davenport, of the University of Bath, who was not involved in the research, said: “The paper does not say that ChatGPT can replace doctors, but does, quite reasonably, call for further research into whether and how ChatGPT can assist physicians in response generation.”(巴斯大学的詹姆斯·达文波特教授没有参与这项研究，他说：“这篇论文并没有说ChatGPT可以取代医生，但是，呼吁进一步研究ChatGPT是否以及如何帮助医生产生回答是相当合理的。”)”可知，达文波特教授对论文中关于进一步调查ChatGPTs对医生的支持的建议持客观态度。故选B。 【35题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“Others cautioned against relying on language models for factual information due to their tendency to generate made-up “facts”.(其他人则告诫不要依赖语言模型来获取事实信息，因为它们倾向于产生虚构的“事实”。)”可知，使用ChatGPT的顾虑是它会产生虚假内容。故选C。 第二节 (共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Perhaps you’ve stopped doing what you want because you’re afraid of what others think of you. You feel that you must do what they expect and that you must meet their expectations, otherwise you’ll lose their approval. If this is the case, it’s time to start working on your self-esteem (自尊). ____36____. Think about yourself, about what you really like and are interested in. You must lead your life independently. You must do what you want without being affected by what others think. ____37____, because you’ve always done everything to gain the approval of others. You need to get out of that zone, move to new places, and explore your full potential. By surrounding yourself with people who think like you, you’ll realize that you don’t feel judged. Then, you’ll start doing what you really want. ____38____. Your new friends will integrate into your life and you’ll also keep your genuine friends. On the other hand, those who are always ready to see the negative and question what you’re trying to do will gradually fade away. To overcome your fear of what others think and of their non-approval, you should start talking about your plans. ____39____. By talking to them, you’ll be able to organize your plans and ideas. You’ll feel confident in yourself and you’ll be able to go on your new path without any fear. ____40____. You’ll find barriers along your way. However, you must trust in yourself and seek the necessary strength to move forward. People in your environment often don’t understand what you do no matter how much you explain it, so ignore them. A. However, you might feel afraid to do it B. There is no need to think about what you want C. You don’t have to change your circle of friends D. Then, you’ll be able to do what you want freely E. Your life belongs to you, as well as your actions F. It’s unavoidable that not everything will be plain sailing G. For instance, you could share your intention with your friends 【答案】36. D 37. A 38. C 39. G 40. F 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章对如何培养自尊从而做任何自己想做的事情提出了几点建议。 【36题详解】 根据前文“Perhaps you’ve stopped doing what you want because you’re afraid of what others think of you. You feel that you must do what they expect and that you must meet their expectations, otherwise you’ll lose their approval. If this is the case, it’s time to start working on your self-esteem (自尊).(也许你已经停止做你想做的事，因为你害怕别人对你的看法。你觉得你必须按照他们的期望去做，你必须达到他们的期望，否则你会失去他们的认可。如果是这样的话，是时候开始培养你的自尊了。)”可知，此处是讲培养自己的自尊，自由地做自己想做的事情，所以选项D“然后，你就可以自由地做你想做的事了”切合文意。故选D。 【37题详解】 根据后文“because you’ve always done everything to gain the approval of others(因为你做任何事都是为了获得别人的认可)”和前文“You must lead your life independently. You must do what you want without being affected by what others think.(你必须独立生活。你必须做自己想做的事，不要被别人的想法所影响。)”可知，此处是指因为在意别人的眼光而不敢做自己想做的事情，所以选项A“然而，你可能会害怕这样做”切合文意。故选A。 【38题详解】 根据后文“Your new friends will integrate into your life and you’ll also keep your genuine friends.(你的新朋友会融入你的生活，你也会保留你真正的朋友。)”可知，此处是指不需要改变自己的朋友圈子，所以选项C“你不必改变你的朋友圈”切合文意。故选C。 【39题详解】 根据前文“To overcome your fear of what others think and of their non-approval, you should start talking about your plans.(为了克服你对别人的想法和不赞成的恐惧，你应该开始谈论你的计划。)”和后文“By talking to them, you’ll be able to organize your plans and ideas.(通过与他们交谈，你将能够组织你的计划和想法。)”可知，此处是指和朋友谈论自己的计划和想法，所以选项G“例如，你可以和你的朋友分享你的意图”切合文意。故选G。 【40题详解】 根据后文“You’ll find barriers along your way.(你会在前进的道路上遇到障碍。)”可知，此处是指凡事也不会都一帆风顺，所以选项F“不可避免的是，并非所有事情都会一帆风顺”切合文意。故选F。 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 完形填空(共15 小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 In a crowded migrant (移民) camp in Tijuana, Mexico, a three-year-old girl wandered ____41____ toward the exit. She was steps from a busy road. Estefanía Rebellón was the only person who ____42____ her. The writer had just driven from Los Angeles with a group of friends to drop off food and clothing to a(n) ____43____ organization. It was December 2018, a time when the US-Mexico border was seeing migrants from Central America ____44____ violence and poverty. Rebellón rushed over to the child and took her ____45____. “Where are your parents?” she asked anxiously. Eventually, she and her friends found the girl’s ____46____ father, who had stepped away to ____47____ for food. Back at home, Rebellón gathered a group of volunteer ____48____ via social media, and using a thousand dollars from her ____49____, set up a school at the Tijuana border. In five years, the pilot program has grown into the non-profit Yes We Can World Foundation, which has ____50____ three school buses into classrooms and established two schools. ____51____ by donations, the foundation’s teachers have provided a bilingual education to more than 3,000 kids. The schools ____52____ an official curriculum (课程) from Mexico’s education ministry. They also offer ____53____ courses, which help kids understand more about migration. Rebellón has received numerous ____54____ for her work, including Outstanding American by Choice. As more than 6.6 million people still live in refugee camps around the world, she says she’d like to ____55____ the foundation’s influence and support migrant children globally. 41. A. leisurely B. alone C. freely D. abroad 42. A. tended B. recognized C. invited D. noticed 43. A. relief B. health C. business D. education 44. A. fighting B. preventing C. escaping D. worsening 45. A. side B. place C. hand D. heart 46. A. determined B. annoyed C. disappointed D. panicked 47. A. line up B. make up C. stand up D. look up 48. A. soldiers B. doctors C. writers D. teachers 49. A. expenses B. savings C. bills D. charges 50. A. integrated B. forced C. transformed D. translated 51. A. Limited B. Funded C. Motivated D. Influenced 52. A. create B. adjust C. reject D. follow 53. A. special B. strange C. common D. major 54. A. opportunities B. honours C. blessings D. messages 55. A. display B. possess C. maintain D. expand 【答案】41. B 42. D 43. A 44. C 45. C 46. D 47. A 48. D 49. B 50. C 51. B 52. D 53. A 54. B 55. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章主要讲述了作家Estefanía Rebellón在看到美国-墨西哥边境移民营地儿童生活的现状后，征集了一批志愿者，并自费在蒂华纳边境建立了一所学校。几年后，学校项目逐渐发展起来，为三千多个孩子提供了双语教育，Rebellón也希望能够为全世界的移民儿童提供教育支持。 【41题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：在墨西哥蒂华纳一个拥挤的移民营地，一个3岁的小女孩独自走向出口。A. leisurely从容地、悠闲地；B. alone独自地；C. freely自由地；D. abroad到国外、在国外。根据第二段“Where are your parents?”（你父母在哪里？）和“Eventually, she and her friends found the girl’s 　6　 father, who had stepped away to 　7　 for food.”（最终，她和她的朋友们找到了女孩……父亲，他已经离开去……买食物了。）中的“stepped away”可知，小女孩的父母不在身边，她是一个人走向出口的。故选B。 【42题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Estefanía Rebellón是唯一注意到她的人。A. tended倾向于、照顾；B. recognized辨认出；C. invited邀请；D. noticed注意到。根据第二段“Rebellón rushed over to the child”（Rebellón冲到孩子身边）和““Where are your parents?”she asked anxiously.”（“你的父母在哪里?”她焦急地问。）可知，Rebellón应该是唯一一个注意到小女孩一个人向出口走去的人。故选D。 【43题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个作家和一群朋友刚从洛杉矶开车过来，给一个救援组织送去食物和衣服。A. relief宽慰、救济品；relief organization救援组织；B. health健康；C. business商业、生意；D. education教育。根据第二段“It was December 2018, a time when the US-Mexico border was seeing migrants from Central America 　4　 violence and poverty.”（那是2018年12月，美墨边境出现了……暴力和贫困的中美洲移民。）和第一段的“In a crowded migrant (移民) camp in Tijuana, Mexico”（在墨西哥蒂华纳一个拥挤的移民营地）可知，Rebellón和朋友应该是去给救援移民的组织送食物和衣服的。故选A。 【44题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那是2018年12月，美墨边境出现了逃离暴力和贫困的中美洲移民。A. fighting作战、与……作斗争；B. preventing阻止；C. escaping逃离；D. worsening使恶化。根据句中的“violence and poverty”和常识可知，这些人应该是为了逃离暴力和贫困才会移民。故选C。 【45题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Rebellón冲向孩子，握住她的手。A. side侧面、一旁；B. place位置；take one’s place代替；C. hand手；D. heart心、心脏。根据第一段“She was steps from a busy road.”（她离一条繁忙的道路只有几步之遥。）可知，Rebellón看到了这个3岁的小女孩一个人向出口走去，马上就要走到繁忙的道路了，非常危险，所以她向孩子冲过去，应该是立刻拉住了她的手，以确保她的安全。故选C。 【46题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最终，她和她的朋友们找到了女孩惊慌失措的父亲，他之前离开去排队领食物了。A. determined坚定的；B. annoyed恼怒的；C. disappointed失望的；D. panicked惊慌的。根据第一、二段内容可知，小女孩一个人走向出口，非常危险，结合本句可知，是Rebellón和朋友一起帮忙找到了她的父亲，可见父女二人已经走散了，父亲发现孩子不见了，一定是惊慌失措的。故选D。 【47题详解】 考查动词词短语辨析。句意：最终，她和她的朋友们找到了女孩惊慌失措的父亲，他之前离开去排队领食物了。A. line up排队；B. make up组成、补偿；C. stand up起立；D. look up抬头看。根据句中第一段“In a crowded migrant (移民) camp in Tijuana”（在墨西哥蒂华纳一个拥挤的移民营地）和“The writer had just driven from Los Angeles with a group of friends to drop off food and clothing to a(n) 　3　 organization.”（这个作家和一群朋友刚从洛杉矶开车过来，给一个救援组织送去食物和衣服。）可知，女孩和父亲是在一个移民营地里，是依靠救援组织发放食物和衣服生活，所以父亲离开应该是去排队领取食物的。故选A。 【48题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：回到家里，Rebellón通过社交媒体召集了一群志愿教师，并从她的积蓄中拿出1000美元，在蒂华纳边境建立了一所学校。A. soldiers士兵；B. doctors医生；C. writers作家；D. teachers教师。根据句中“set up a school”可知，Rebellón建立了一所学校，所以应该是召集了一群志愿教师。故选D。 【49题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：回到家里，Rebellón通过社交媒体召集了一群志愿教师，并从她的积蓄中拿出1000美元，在蒂华纳边境建立了一所学校。A. expenses费用；B. savings积蓄、存款；C. bills账单；D. charges收费、费用。根据句中的“volunteer”和下一句中的“non-profit”及第四段第一句的“by donations”可知，Rebellón建立的学校应该是不收费的，所以她最初建立应该是从自己的积蓄中拿出了1000美元。故选B。 【50题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在5年的时间里，这个试点项目已经发展成为非营利性的Yes We Can世界基金会，该基金会已经将三辆校车改造成了教室，并建立了两所学校。A. integrated合并；B. forced迫使、强迫；C. transformed使转变、使转换；D. translated翻译。根据句中“non-profit”和常识可知，这个基金会是非营利性的组织，所以应该是充分利用现有资源，将校车转换成了教室来使用。故选C。 【51题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在捐款的资助下，该基金会的教师为3000多名儿童提供了双语教育。A. Limited限制；B. Funded资助；C. Motivated激励；D. Influenced影响。根据第三段的“non-profit”和句中“the foundation’s teachers have provided a bilingual education to more than 3,000 kids.”可知，该基金会是非营利组织，教师们能够顺利开展教学工作，应该是依靠捐款的资助。故选B。 【52题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些学校遵循墨西哥教育部的官方课程。A. create创造；B. adjust调整；C. reject拒绝；D. follow遵循、跟随。根据下文“They also offer...”可知，学校应该是提供了官方课程，结合句中“from Mexico’s education ministry”可知，这个课程应该是遵循墨西哥教育部设置的官方课程。故选D。 【53题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们还提供特殊课程，帮助孩子们更多地了解移民。A. special特殊的；B. strange陌生的、奇怪的；C. common普通的、常见的；D. major主要的。根据上一句中的“an official curriculum”和本句中“which help kids understand more about migration.”可知，学校不仅提供了官方课程，还为这些移民的孩子们提供了可以帮助他们更多了解移民知识的特殊课程。故选A。 【54题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Rebellón因她的工作获得了许多荣誉，包括“杰出美国人”。A. opportunities机会；B. honours荣誉；C. blessings祝福；D. messages信息。根据句中“including Outstanding American by Choice.”可知，Rebellón应该是因工作获得了许多荣誉。故选B。 【55题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于世界各地仍有超过660万人生活在难民营中，她说她希望扩大基金会的影响力，并在全球范围内支持移民儿童。A. display陈列、展示；B. possess拥有；C. maintain维持；D. expand扩大。根据句中“support migrant children globally”可知，Rebellón想要在全球范围内支持移民儿童，就要扩大基金会的影响力。故选D。 第二节 语法填空(共10 小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Sichuan Cuisine and Hunan Cuisine are both known for their hot flavors, which might appear similar at first sight. That’s ____56____ Americans are pretty confused about how they are different. This confusion has its roots in how Hunan food was introduced to ____57____ American public. According to Kian Lam Kho, the author of Chinese food blog Red Cook, a group of Chinese ____58____ (chef) are said to have been trained in both Hunan and Sichuan Cuisines in 1945. When they later sought opportunities in the United States, they ____59____ (bring) Hunan and Sichuan Cuisines to New York, where these two cooking styles were adjusted ____60____ (suit) local tastes. As Kho puts ____61____, these two cuisines offer different flavors. Sichuan Cuisine is characterized by the use of Sichuan peppercorns (花椒粒), ____62____ provide a unique numbing feeling. Hunan Cuisine, on the other hand, is famous for its bold and burning flavors, ____63____ (feature) the combination of fresh chilies (辣椒) and garlic to create a powerful and intense spicy taste. ____64____ Sichuan Cuisine, Hunan Cuisine does not typically include the numbing sensation of Sichuan peppercorns. “It is amazing how distinct Hunan cooking is compared to its confusing Sichuan cousin. It is _____65_____ (true) worthwhile to seek out restaurants or cookbooks that faithfully capture Hunan flavors in their menus or recipes.” Kho notes. 【答案】56. why 57. the 58. chefs 59. brought 60. to suit 61. it 62. which 63. featuring 64. Unlike 65. truly 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了湘菜和川菜的不同，以及怎样被介绍到美国的。 【56题详解】 考查名词性从句连接词。句意：这就是为什么美国人对他们的不同感到困惑。空处为表语从句，表示原因，连接副词为why。故填why。 【57题详解】 考查冠词。句意：这种困惑的根源在于湘菜如何被介绍给美国公众。特指美国公众，用定冠词the。故填the。 【58题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：据中国美食博客Red Cook的作者Kian Lam Kho说，据说1945年有一群中国厨师接受过湘菜和川菜的培训。a group of后接名词复数。 故填chefs。 【59题详解】 考查时态。句意：当他们后来在美国寻找机会时，他们把湘菜和川菜带到了纽约，并对这两种烹饪风格进行了调整，以适应当地的口味。设空处作谓语，根据从句谓语动词“sought”可知，本句为一般过去时。故填brought。 【60题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：当他们后来在美国寻找机会时，他们把湘菜和川菜带到了纽约，并对这两种烹饪风格进行了调整，以适应当地的口味。动词不定式作目的状语。故填to suit。 【61题详解】 考查代词。句意：正如Kho所说，这两种菜系提供了不同的味道。as sb. put it“正如某人所说”为固定搭配。故填it。 【62题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：川菜的特点是使用花椒，它提供一种独特的麻的感觉。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，设空处作主语，指代先行词为Sichuan peppercorns (花椒粒)，指物，用关系代词which。故填which。 【63题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：另一方面，湘菜以其大胆和辛辣的口味而闻名，其特点是将新鲜的辣椒和大蒜结合在一起，创造出强烈的辛辣味道。空处为非谓语动词，Hunan Cuisine与feature为主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填featuring。 【64题详解】 考查介词。句意：与川菜不同的是，湘菜通常不含麻辣的花椒。根据句意可知，表示“不像，不同”，用介词unlike，置于句首，首字母大写。故填Unlike。 【65题详解】 考查副词。句意：寻找那些在菜单或食谱中忠实地捕捉湖南风味的餐馆或烹饪书，确实值得一试。副词truly作状语修饰形容词。故填truly。 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分 40 分) 第一节(满分15分) 66. 假设你是李华，上个月你校为给学生减压，开展了阳光课间（Sunshine Class Break）活动。请你给校英文报投稿，报道此活动，内容包括： 1. 活动内容； 2. 活动影响。 注意：1. 词数80左右； 2. 可适当增加细节。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Sunshine Class Break Last month witnessed an event themed “Sunshine Class Break” in our campus, which turned out to be a great success. Aimed to release students’ pressure from their studies, a wide variety of interesting games were scheduled in every break. Every corner of the campus was used for students to play games. The most impressive ones were relay, tug of war and rope skipping. All the students involved were immersed in these activities, admitting that they felt very happy and relaxed. They hope such activities can continue in the following days. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给校英文报投稿，报道学校为给学生减压开展的阳光课间活动。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 结果，证明是：turn out to be→prove 旨做某事：be aimed to do→be intended to do 开心的：happy→pleased 继续：continue→keep on 2. 句式拓展 合并简单句 原句：Every corner of the campus was used for students to play games. The most impressive ones were relay, tug of war and rope skipping. 拓展句：Every corner of the campus was used for students to play games, the most impressive of which were relay, tug of war and rope skipping. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Last month witnessed an event themed “Sunshine Class Break” in our campus, which turned out to be a great success. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句和无灵主语) 【高分句型2】Aimed to release students’ pressure from their studies, a wide variety of interesting games were scheduled in every break. (运用了过去分词作状语) 第二节 读后续写(满分25分) 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Maya and her older brother Marcus lived with their grandma. Their parents, busy with work in another city, could only return home during the winter holiday. Grandma was good at paper-cutting, and she decorated the whole room with pretty shapes of animals and flowers, devoting herself to keeping Maya and Marcus happy. However, despite her grandmother’s love, Maya often felt deep frustration, complaining why she couldn’t stay with her parents. As the days grew shorter and colder, Maya’s excitement came back. She knew that with the arrival of snow, the winter holiday would come, as well as the return of her parents. One day, the weather forecast predicted snow during daytime, so Maya eagerly rose from bed, pressing her nose against the window, and waiting for the first pretty snowflake to drop from the sky. However, as it was getting late, Maya’s excitement turned into disappointment. Sensing her sadness, grandma comforted her, “Be patient, dear. The snow will come soon.” Marcus, too, tried to be an older brother, reminding Maya that the snow could fall at night. Yet, despite their efforts, Maya remained upset. Night fell and not a single snowflake was in sight. Sadly, Maya went to bed without eating anything, going to her dreams with tears in her eyes. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 To cheer Maya up, grandma and Marcus decided to make snowflakes themselves. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Maya rushed to the windows, and found snowflakes of all shapes and sizes on the glass. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 To cheer Maya up, grandma and Marcus decided to make snowflakes themselves. Grandma immediately devoted herself to paper-cutting, making each paper in her hands then become elegant and delicate snowflakes. At the same time, Marcus went to great length to learn how to make snowflake by following grandma’s technique. One hour later, all kinds of snowflakes piled up like a hill on the table. Then Marcus stuck them on the windows and pictured how excited Maya would be at the sight of them. The next day, Maya woke up alone, spotting something unusual on the glass. Maya rushed to the windows, and found snowflakes of all shapes and sizes on the glass. At that moment, Maya understood what had happened last night. Despite the fact that outside fell no snow still, these artificial snowflakes proved to be the best snow in the winter. In the daylight, they seemed as if they had truly dropped from the sky, which made Maya reconsider her negative emotions she had expressed. Turning back, she rested her eyes on Marcus and grandma who were still asleep. At once she acknowledged that it was them who always accompanied her during her parents’ absence. 【解析】 【导语】本文以时间为线索展开。由于父母忙于工作，玛雅和马库斯只能和奶奶一起生活，虽然奶奶和马库斯很爱她，但是玛雅依然抱怨自己不能和父母在一起，当雪天快来临时，玛雅非常期盼，因为这意味着父母就要回来了，但是那天却没有下雪，玛雅非常失落，为了安慰玛雅，奶奶和马库斯做了雪花形状的剪纸贴在窗户上，玛雅醒来后看到了非常感动，也开始感激他们的陪伴。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“为了让玛雅高兴起来，奶奶和马库斯决定自己制作雪花。”可知，第一段可描写奶奶和马库斯制作好雪花后期待着玛雅看到之后的反应。 ②由第二段首句内容“玛雅冲到窗前，发现玻璃上有各种形状和大小的雪花。”可知，第二段可描写玛雅看到“雪花”后明白了一切，觉得非常感动和温暖。 2.续写线索：制作雪花——贴在窗上——期待——明了——感动——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①.致力于：devote oneself to/commit oneself to/adapt oneself to ②.想象：picture/imagine ③.注意到：spot/notice/observe 情绪类 ①.兴奋的：excited/thrilled ②.消极情绪：negative emotions/negative feelings 【点睛】[高分句型1] In the daylight, they seemed as if they had truly dropped from the sky, which made Maya reconsider her negative emotions she had expressed. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] At once she acknowledged that it was them who always accompanied her during her parents’ absence. (运用了that引导的宾语从句和it引导强调句句式) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2023-2024学年度第二学期阶段性模块检测高二英语试卷 2024.05 考生注意： 1. 本试卷共150分, 考试时间120 分钟。 2.请将各题答案填写在答题卡上。 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30 分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 (共5小题;每题1.5分,满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the woman need to buy? A. A box. B. A desk. C. A TV. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Who is Dave? A. The man’s brother. B. The man’s classmate. C. A friend of the man’s brother. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What is the man going to do? A. Check in. B. Have a meal. C. Take a rest. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 How old is the man? A. 10. B. 15. C. 25. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Where to go on holiday. B. How to place an order. C. What to eat. 第二节 (共15 小题; 每小题 1.5 分, 满分 22.5 分) 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟;听完后各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. At a museum. B. In a phone shop. C. At the speakers’ house. 7. What does the man offer to do for the woman? A. Give her a ride. B. Look for her keys. C. Lend her his phone. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. When will Carol bring the heater? A. On Tuesday. B. On Wednesday. C. On Thursday. 9. What does the man think of the written tests? A. Challenging. B. Simple. C. Dull. 10. How does the woman sound in the end? A. Regretful. B. Encouraging. C. Shocked. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 11 What are the speakers doing? A. Eating some food. B. Playing soft songs. C. Enjoying a concert. 12. How long have the speakers got for lunch? A. 10 minutes. B. 30 minutes. C. 45 minutes. 13. What is the man going to eat? A. Hot dogs. B. Noodles. C. Fish. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 14. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Guide and visitor. C. Teacher and student. 15 Where is the bird usually seen? A. Up in the tree. B. Beside a river. C. High in the sky. 16. Why does the bird keep looking around? A. To enjoy the sight. B. To defend himself. C. To search for food. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. What is the main topic of the notice? A. Leaving school early. B. Canceling school tomorrow. C. Stopping students from driving home. 18. What is the current snow depth? A. 5 cm. B. 10 cm. C. 20 cm. 19. Where should students wait for the school buses? A. In the cafeteria. B. In the classroom. C. At the school gate. 20. What will be talked about next? A. School schedules. B. Safety suggestions. C. Driving instructions. 第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分 37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 A Whether you’re hiking through Yellowstone or camping in the Ozarks, choosing the best backpacking stove (炉子) to take with you can make a big difference. Read on for some of our top picks. Soto Windmaster 4Flex Backpackers love its convenient built-in igniter (点火器), powerful heat output, and four-pronged (四管的) pot stabilizer, which provides a more stable platform for cooking than three-pronged stoves. Buy it now at REI Solo Stove Titan The Solo Titan burns twigs, pine cones, leaves, and any other biofuels you may find out in nature, offering a safe and natural alternative to burning gas. The Titan is considered mid-size, ideal for cooking for several people. Buy it now at SoloStove Fire Maple Star X2 Cooking System Based on hundreds of reviews, hikers say they’re impressed by this gas-powered stove’s easy setup. The Star X2 also features Heat Exchange Technology, which the company says provides superior wind-resistance in different weather environments, helping to reduce overall boil time. Buy it now on Amazon Soto Amicus Weighing just 2.9 ounces, the Soto Amicus is well known for its light weight and attractive appearance. Multiple Amazon reviewers praise this backpacking stove’s easy setup and four integrated pot stabilizers, which create a stable base for cooking in the wilderness. Buy it now on Amazon or REI 21. Which stove suits you best if you want a quick meal? A Soto Amicus. B. Solo Stove Titan. C. Soto Windmaster 4Flex. D. Fire Maple Star X2 Cooking System. 22. What feature do Soto Windmaster 4Flex and Soto Amicus have in common? A. Easy setup. B. Wind resistance. C. Relative stability. D. Attractive appearance. 23. What is the text? A. An adventure travel report. B. An outdoor travel guide. C. An advertisement for facilities. D. A cookbook for easy meals. B Are you an “I person” or an “E person”? These two personality labels in particular are widely discussed online. They are part of a popular personality test called the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator, or MBTI. There are 16 personalities in all, of which “I” and “E” refer to “introverted” and “extroverted”, respectively. Even if someone is typically quiet, many online discussions suggest that an “I person” can still act outgoing at times. For example, when an introverted person is with a group of introverted friends, they might become more social like an “E” person. According to psychologists, this idea of temporarily switching personalities is called “masking”. That is hiding your true personality in specific situations. “Human beings want to feel they belong, and they might become people-pleasers to do so,” wrote the MasterClass website. Thinking on this, I may actually be the kind of person that these people are discussing. Most times, I just wish to make the atmosphere more interesting and exciting and show people that I’m easy to get along with. But deep down, I mostly enjoy being alone and quiet. Using the MBTI result to identify and describe someone’s personality seems fun. However, I went too far at one time. My sister was excitedly making a day-to-day travel plan when I remembered from an article that a “P person” doesn’t like to make or stick to plans, so I said to her, “You don’t seem like a ‘P person’”. “Why?” she asked back. “Since when do I need to follow what my personality test tells me to do?” It was then that I realized that I’d taken the result too seriously. The MBTI personality test may show something you don’t know about yourself and can even be a fun ice-breaker question when meeting new friends. And that’s all it is—for fun. Knowing someone’s MBTI result doesn’t mean you really know this person. 24. An “I person” tends to ________. A. reflect on problems alone B. enjoy gatherings with friends C. be active in social situations D. try to chat with complete strangers 25. Why does an “I person” act like an “E person” sometimes? A Because he/she wants to be like others. B. Because he/she needs a sense of belonging. C. Because he/she dislikes to embarrass others. D. Because he/she is actually an “E person” deep inside. 26. What does the writer mean by saying “I went too far” in paragraph 5? A. She pushed her sister too much. B. She failed to help her sister follow her plan. C. She believed blindly the result of the personality test. D. She discouraged her sister to make a detailed travel plan. 27. What does the writer think about the MBTI? A. It is supposed to be strictly followed. B. It tells you everything about your personality. C. It’s an interesting way to start a chat with a stranger. D. It’s a reliable approach to telling what type of people a person belongs to. C A new study led by researchers at the Yale School of Public Health finds air pollution may negatively impact standardized test scores. Using data from the North Carolina Education Research Data Center, the researchers tracked 2.8 million public school students in North Carolina from 2001 to 2018 and measured their exposure to PM2.5 found in polluted air. While previous research has shown negative effects on academic performance, it has relied on relatively small or less representative samples. “The biggest strength of this study is that we tracked every student in North Carolina in those years, for the whole time period that they were in the public schools,” said Emma Zang, coauthor of the study. The study also finds that test scores of ethnic minorities and girls are disproportionately (不成比例地) impacted by PM2.5 levels. “Females and ethnic minorities face sexism and racism,” said Zang. “There are a lot of policies that are not friendly towards them. So, when they’re exposed to the same level of air pollution, they don’t have the resources to lessen the negative influences.” More privileged populations, however, might have more resources that allow them to live in a better environment, such as in houses with air purifiers. “The level of PM2.5 pollution in the US is relatively low, but students living in areas below the current air quality standard of annual PM2.5 concentration are still negatively impacted by air pollution when it comes to their test scores,” said Zang. “We should aim to strengthen the annual PM2.5 standard to better protect our children.” Air pollution is known to contribute to disease and death, and it also negatively affects students’ academic performance even at low levels of pollution. The subsequent studies, the researchers said, would involve looking at whether the findings hold true in different areas, and also the reasons behind the ethnic and sexual differences. 28. What’s the greatest advantage of the study? A. Tracking each student for 18 years. B. Collecting more comprehensive data. C. Measuring students’ PM2.5 exposure precisely. D. Building links between air pollution and test scores. 29. According to Zang, ethnic minorities and girls ________. A. benefit from current policies on PM2.5 pollution B. have the lowest test scores due to their identities C. lack resources to reduce the impact of air pollution D. suffer from educational inequalities owing to their background 30. What’s Zang doing in paragraph 3? A. Offering a suggestion. B. Raising a doubt. C. Making a comparison. D. Giving a prediction. 31. What might be the focus of the follow-up studies? A. Applicability of the findings to other regions. B. Ways to address racial and sexual differences. C. Long-term impacts of air pollution on children. D. Establishment of PM2.5 standard fit for children. D ChatGPT appears to have better “bedside manners” than some doctors — at least when their written advice is rated for quality and empathy (同理心), a study has shown. The study, published in the journal JAMA Internal Medicine, used data from social news website Reddit’s Ask Docs forum, in which members can post medical questions answered by verified healthcare professionals. The team randomly sampled 195 exchanges from Ask Docs where a verified doctor responded to a public question. The original questions were then posed to the AI language model ChatGPT, which was asked to respond. Finally, a panel of three licensed healthcare professionals, who did not know whether the response came from a human physician or ChatGPT, rated the answers for quality and empathy. Overall, the panel preferred ChatGPT’s responses to those given by a human 79 percent of the time. ChatGPT responses were also rated good or very good quality 79 percent of the time, compared with 22 percent of doctors’ responses, and 45 percent of the ChatGPT answers were rated empathic or very empathic compared with just 5 percent of doctors’ replies. Christopher Longhurst, of UC San Diego Health, said: “These results suggest that tools like ChatGPT can efficiently draft high-quality, personalized medical advice for review by clinicians, and we are beginning that process at UCSD Health.” Professor James Davenport, of the University of Bath, who was not involved in the research, said: “The paper does not say that ChatGPT can replace doctors, but does, quite reasonably, call for further research into whether and how ChatGPT can assist physicians in response generation.” Some noted that, given ChatGPT was specifically designed to be likable, it was not surprising that it wrote texts that came across as empathic. It also tended to give longer, chattier answers than human doctors, which could have played a role in its higher ratings. Others cautioned against relying on language models for factual information due to their tendency to generate made-up “facts”. 32. What does paragraph 2 mainly discuss about the study? A. The general outline. B. The statistical analysis. C. The theoretical basis. D. The data sources. 33. What is the percentage difference in empathy ratings between doctors’ responses and ChatGPTs responses? A. 17 percent. B. 40 percent. C. 57 percent. D. 74 percent. 34. What’s Professor Davenport’s view regarding the paper’s proposal for additional investigation into ChatGPTs support for physicians? A. Indifferent. B. Objective. C. Concerned. D. Disapproving. 35. What concern was raised about using ChatGPT? A. Its responses might be one-sided. B. It has limited factual knowledge. C. It can produce incorrect content. D. It is unable to offer high-quality advice. 第二节 (共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Perhaps you’ve stopped doing what you want because you’re afraid of what others think of you. You feel that you must do what they expect and that you must meet their expectations, otherwise you’ll lose their approval. If this is the case, it’s time to start working on your self-esteem (自尊). ____36____. Think about yourself, about what you really like and are interested in. You must lead your life independently. You must do what you want without being affected by what others think. ____37____, because you’ve always done everything to gain the approval of others. You need to get out of that zone, move to new places, and explore your full potential. By surrounding yourself with people who think like you, you’ll realize that you don’t feel judged. Then, you’ll start doing what you really want. ____38____. Your new friends will integrate into your life and you’ll also keep your genuine friends. On the other hand, those who are always ready to see the negative and question what you’re trying to do will gradually fade away. To overcome your fear of what others think and of their non-approval, you should start talking about your plans. ____39____. By talking to them, you’ll be able to organize your plans and ideas. You’ll feel confident in yourself and you’ll be able to go on your new path without any fear. ____40____. You’ll find barriers along your way. However, you must trust in yourself and seek the necessary strength to move forward. People in your environment often don’t understand what you do no matter how much you explain it, so ignore them. A. However, you might feel afraid to do it B. There is no need to think about what you want C. You don’t have to change your circle of friends D. Then, you’ll be able to do what you want freely E. Your life belongs to you, as well as your actions F. It’s unavoidable that not everything will be plain sailing G. For instance, you could share your intention with your friends 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 完形填空(共15 小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 In a crowded migrant (移民) camp in Tijuana, Mexico, a three-year-old girl wandered ____41____ toward the exit. She was steps from a busy road. Estefanía Rebellón was the only person who ____42____ her. The writer had just driven from Los Angeles with a group of friends to drop off food and clothing to a(n) ____43____ organization. It was December 2018, a time when the US-Mexico border was seeing migrants from Central America ____44____ violence and poverty. Rebellón rushed over to the child and took her ____45____. “Where are your parents?” she asked anxiously. Eventually, she and her friends found the girl’s ____46____ father, who had stepped away to ____47____ for food. Back at home, Rebellón gathered a group of volunteer ____48____ via social media, and using a thousand dollars from her ____49____, set up a school at the Tijuana border. In five years, the pilot program has grown into the non-profit Yes We Can World Foundation, which has ____50____ three school buses into classrooms and established two schools. ____51____ by donations, the foundation’s teachers have provided a bilingual education to more than 3,000 kids. The schools ____52____ an official curriculum (课程) from Mexico’s education ministry. They also offer ____53____ courses, which help kids understand more about migration. Rebellón has received numerous ____54____ for her work, including Outstanding American by Choice. As more than 6.6 million people still live in refugee camps around the world, she says she’d like to ____55____ the foundation’s influence and support migrant children globally. 41. A. leisurely B. alone C. freely D. abroad 42. A. tended B. recognized C. invited D. noticed 43. A. relief B. health C. business D. education 44. A. fighting B. preventing C. escaping D. worsening 45. A. side B. place C. hand D. heart 46 A. determined B. annoyed C. disappointed D. panicked 47. A. line up B. make up C. stand up D. look up 48. A. soldiers B. doctors C. writers D. teachers 49. A. expenses B. savings C. bills D. charges 50. A. integrated B. forced C. transformed D. translated 51. A. Limited B. Funded C. Motivated D. Influenced 52. A. create B. adjust C. reject D. follow 53. A. special B. strange C. common D. major 54. A. opportunities B. honours C. blessings D. messages 55. A. display B. possess C. maintain D. expand 第二节 语法填空(共10 小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Sichuan Cuisine and Hunan Cuisine are both known for their hot flavors, which might appear similar at first sight. That’s ____56____ Americans are pretty confused about how they are different. This confusion has its roots in how Hunan food was introduced to ____57____ American public. According to Kian Lam Kho, the author of Chinese food blog Red Cook, a group of Chinese ____58____ (chef) are said to have been trained in both Hunan and Sichuan Cuisines in 1945. When they later sought opportunities in the United States, they ____59____ (bring) Hunan and Sichuan Cuisines to New York, where these two cooking styles were adjusted ____60____ (suit) local tastes. As Kho puts ____61____, these two cuisines offer different flavors. Sichuan Cuisine is characterized by the use of Sichuan peppercorns (花椒粒), ____62____ provide a unique numbing feeling. Hunan Cuisine, on the other hand, is famous for its bold and burning flavors, ____63____ (feature) the combination of fresh chilies (辣椒) and garlic to create a powerful and intense spicy taste. ____64____ Sichuan Cuisine, Hunan Cuisine does not typically include the numbing sensation of Sichuan peppercorns. “It is amazing how distinct Hunan cooking is compared to its confusing Sichuan cousin. It is _____65_____ (true) worthwhile to seek out restaurants or cookbooks that faithfully capture Hunan flavors in their menus or recipes.” Kho notes. 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分 40 分) 第一节(满分15分) 66. 假设你是李华，上个月你校为给学生减压，开展了阳光课间（Sunshine Class Break）活动。请你给校英文报投稿，报道此活动，内容包括： 1. 活动内容； 2. 活动影响。 注意：1. 词数80左右； 2. 可适当增加细节。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 读后续写(满分25分) 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Maya and her older brother Marcus lived with their grandma. Their parents, busy with work in another city, could only return home during the winter holiday. Grandma was good at paper-cutting, and she decorated the whole room with pretty shapes of animals and flowers, devoting herself to keeping Maya and Marcus happy. However, despite her grandmother’s love, Maya often felt deep frustration, complaining why she couldn’t stay with her parents. As the days grew shorter and colder, Maya’s excitement came back. She knew that with the arrival of snow, the winter holiday would come, as well as the return of her parents. One day, the weather forecast predicted snow during daytime, so Maya eagerly rose from bed, pressing her nose against the window, and waiting for the first pretty snowflake to drop from the sky. However, as it was getting late, Maya’s excitement turned into disappointment. Sensing her sadness, grandma comforted her, “Be patient, dear. The snow will come soon.” Marcus, too, tried to be an older brother, reminding Maya that the snow could fall at night. Yet, despite their efforts, Maya remained upset. Night fell and not a single snowflake was in sight. Sadly, Maya went to bed without eating anything, going to her dreams with tears in her eyes. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 To cheer Maya up, grandma and Marcus decided to make snowflakes themselves. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Maya rushed to the windows, and found snowflakes of all shapes and sizes on the glass. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$null