内容正文:
高考培优阅读-5 Fisher‘s class
Reading Comprehension-1 -Art history
The Native Americans of northern California were highly skilled at basketry, using the reeds, grasses, barks, and roots they found around them to fashion articles of all sorts and sizes — not only trays, containers, and cooking pots, but hats, boats, fish traps, baby carriers, and ceremonial objects.
Of all these experts, none excelled the Pomo — a group who lived on or near the coast during the 1800's, and whose descendants continue to live in parts of the same region to this day. They made baskets three feet in diameter and others no bigger than a thimble. The Pomo people were masters of decoration. Some of their baskets were completely covered with shell pendants; others with feathers that made the baskets' surfaces as soft as the breasts of birds. Moreover, the Pomo people made use of more weaving techniques than did their neighbors. Most groups made all their basketwork by twining — the twisting of a flexible horizontal material, called a weft, around stiffer vertical strands of material, the warp.
Others depended primarily on coiling — a process in which a continuous coil of stiff material is held in the desired shape with tight wrapping of flexible strands. Only the Pomo people used both processes with equal ease and frequency. In addition, they made use of four distinct variations on the basic twining process, often employing more than one of them in a single article.
Although a wide variety of materials was available, the Pomo people used only a few. The warp was always made of willow, and the most commonly used weft was sedge root, a woody fiber that could easily be separated into strands no thicker than a thread. For color, the Pomo people used the bark of redbud for their twined work and dyed bullrush root for black in coiled work. Though other materials were sometimes used, these four were the staples in their finest basketry.
If the basketry materials used by the Pomo people were limited, the designs were amazingly varied. Every Pomo basket maker knew how to produce from fifteen to twenty distinct patterns that could be combined in a number of different ways.
题目:
1. What best distinguished Pomo baskets from baskets of other groups?
(A) The range of sizes, shapes, and designs
(B) The unusual geometric
(C) The absence of decoration
(D) The rare materials used
2. The word fashion in line 2 is closest in meaning to
(A) maintain
(B) organize
(C) trade
(D) create
3. The Pomo people used each of the following materials to decorate baskets EXCEPT
(A) shells
(B) feathers
(C) leaves
(D) bark
4. What is the author's main point in the second paragraph?
(A) The neighbors of the Pomo people tried to improve on the Pomo basket weaving techniques.
(B) The Pomo people were the most skilled basket weavers in their region.
(C) The Pomo people learned their basket weaving techniques from other Native Americans.
(D) The Pomo baskets have been handed down for generations.
5. The word others in line 9 refers to
(A) masters
(B) baskets
(C) pendants
(D) surfaces
6. According to the passage , a weft is a
(A) tool for separating sedge root
(B) process used for coloring baskets
(C) pliable maternal woven around the warp
(D) pattern used to decorate baskets
7. According to the passage , what did the Pomo people use as the warp in their baskets?
(A) bullrush
(B) willow
(C) sedge
(D) redbud
8. The word article in line 17 is close in meaning to
(A) decoration
(B) shape
(C) design
(D) object
9. According to the passage . The relationship between redbud and twining is most similar to the relationship between
(A) bullrush and coiling
(B) weft and warp
(C) willow and feathers
(D) sedge and weaving
10. The word staples in line 23 is closest in meaning to
(A) combinations
(B) limitations
(C) accessories
(D) basic elements
11. The word distinct in lime 26 is closest in meaning to
(A) systematic
(B) beautiful
(C) different
(D) compatible
12. Which of the following statements about Pomo baskets can be best inferred from the passage ?
(A) Baskets produced by other Native Americans were less varied in design than those of the Pomo people.
(B) Baskets produced by Pomo weavers were primarily for ceremonial purposes.
(C) There were a very limited number of basketmaking materials available to the Pomo people.
(D) The basketmaking production of the Pomo people has increased over the years.
答案:
BDCBB CBDAD CA
北加州的美洲原住民非常擅长篮筐制作,他们利用在周围发现的芦苇、草、树皮和树根来制作各种大小的物品——不仅是托盘、容器和烹饪锅,还有帽子、船、捕鱼器、婴儿背带和礼仪用品。 在所有这些专家中,没有一个比波莫人更胜一筹——一个在1800年代生活在海岸或海岸附近的群体,他们的后代至今仍生活在同一地区的部分地区。他们制作了直径三英尺的篮子,其他的篮子比顶针大不了多少。波莫人是装饰大师。他们的一些篮子完全覆盖着贝壳吊坠;其他的羽毛使篮子的表面像鸟的乳房一样柔软。此外,波莫人比他们的邻居使用了更多的编织技术。大多数小组都是通过缠绕来制作所有篮子的——一种柔性的水平材料(称为纬线)在较硬的垂直材料线(经线)周围扭曲。 其他的则主要依赖于卷绕,即通过紧紧缠绕柔性股线将连续的刚性材料卷保持在所需的形状。只有波莫人以同样的轻松和频率使用这两个过程。此外,他们还在基本缠绕工艺上使用了四种不同的变体,通常在一篇文章中使用其中的一种以上。 虽然有各种各样的材料可供选择,但波莫人只使用了少数几种。经线总是由柳树制成,最常用的纬线是莎草根,这是一种木质纤维,可以很容易地分成不比线粗的线。在颜色方面,波莫人使用紫荆花的树皮进行缠绕工作,并在盘绕工作中使用牛荆根染成黑色。虽然有时使用其他材料,但这四种材料是他们最好的篮筐中的主食。 如果说波莫人使用的篮筐材料有限,那么设计就非常多样化。每个 Pomo 篮子制造商都知道如何生产 15 到 20 种不同的图案,这些图案可以以多种不同的方式组合。
1. Pomo 篮子与其他组的篮子最有区别的是什么?
(A) 尺寸、形状和设计的范围 (B) 不寻常的几何形状 (C) 没有装饰 (四)所用稀有材料
2. 第 2 行中的“时尚”一词在含义上最接近
(一)维护 (二)组织 (三)贸易 (四)创建
3. 波莫人使用以下每种材料来装饰篮子,除了
(一)炮弹 (B) 羽毛 (三)叶子 (D) 树皮
4.作者在第二段中的主要观点是什么?
(A)波莫人的邻居试图改进波莫篮子的编织技术。 (B) 波莫人是他们所在地区最熟练的篮子编织者。 (C) 波莫人从其他美洲原住民那里学到了编织篮子的技术。 (D) Pomo篮子已经传了几代人。
5. 第 9 行中的“其他人”一词是指
(一)硕士 (二)篮筐 (三)吊坠 (D) 表面
6.根据这段话,纬线是
(一)分离莎草根的工具 (二)用于彩篮的工艺 (C)柔韧的母体编织经纱 (四)用于装饰篮子的图案
7.根据这段经文,波莫人用什么作为篮子里的经线?
(一)牛逼 (二)柳树 (C) 莎草 (四)紫荆花
8. 第 17 行中的“冠词”一词在含义上接近
(一)装修 (二)形状 (三)设计 (四)对象
9.根据段落.紫荆花和缠绕的关系最类似于
(一)卷牛和卷绕 (二)纬经线 (三)柳树和羽毛 (四)莎草和织造
10. 第 23 行中的“订书钉”一词在含义上最接近
(一)组合 (二)限制 (三)配件 (四)基本要素
11. 石灰 26 中的“distinct”一词在含义上最接近
(一)系统化 (二)美观 (三)不同 (D) 兼容
12.以下关于Pomo篮子的陈述中,哪一项可以从这段经文中最好地推断出来?
(A) 其他美洲原住民制作的篮子在设计上不如波莫人多样。 (B) 波莫织工制作的篮子主要用于仪式目的。 (C) 波莫人可用的篮筐制作材料数量非常有限。 (D) 多年来,波莫人的篮筐制作产量有所增加。
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$$