精品解析：2024届山东省济宁市邹城市北大新世纪高级中学高三下学期第三次模拟考试英语试题

北大新世纪邹城实验学校2024年高考模拟考试 英语试题 (考试时间：100分钟 总分：120分) 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的准考证号、姓名、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。用 2B 铅笔在“考场号”和“座位号”栏相应位置填涂自己的考场号和座位号。将条形码粘贴在答题卡“条形码粘贴处”。 2. 作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。 3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 4. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 一、阅读理解 A WHERE TO STAY IN SYDNEY Whether you want to stay in a converted beer factory, a luxury hotel on the harbour or an advanced loft-style room, Sydney has a huge range of top-quality hotels. 1. THE OLD CLARE HOTEL Located in the heart of Sydney’s Central Park district, The Old Clare Hotel, providing luxurious (豪华) rooms and facilities, takes up a historic Chippendale pub and the nearby former beer factory site. This hotel has been lovingly restored by Peng Loh, a Singaporean businessman with a passion for redecorating heritage properties. 2. HILTON SYDNEY This is luxury accommodation right in the centre of Sydney, with world-class restaurants, one of the city’s best bars. Just upstairs sits Glass, the award-winning small restaurant by celebrity chef Luke Mangan. Downstairs lies The Marble Bar, a Sydney hotspot for decades and heritage listed due to its extensive use of marble, dating back to 1893. Rooms are simply fashionable. 3. THE LANGHAM Grand harborside luxury can be expected at The Langham, located in the Sydney centre. The hotel makes the most of its impressive harbour views with a marble-decorated hall that takes your breath away. Don’t forget to check out the art, with a collection of Australia’s most famous painter. Try their famous high tea menu, and be sure to check out the incredible underground swimming pool available to guests only. 4. FOUR SEASONS HOTEL SYDNEY Another luxury stay with amazing harbour views, the Four Seasons Hotel Sydney sits on the edge of Sydney’s historic Rocks district. A Deluxe Harbour Room will give you a breath-taking view, with dark wood and silk inside in calming colours. Downstairs is Grain, one of the best-known whisky bars in the city. 1. Which of the following hotels houses a restaurant by a famous chef? A. The Langham. B. Hilton Sydney. C. The Old Clare Hotel. D. The Four Seasons Hotel Sydney. 2. What privilege can guests enjoy in The Langham? A. A taste of the famous high tea for free. B. Access to the underground swimming pool. C. A rest in the impressive marble-decorated hall. D. A good look at the collection of famous paintings. 3. What do all the hotels have in common? A. Famous bars. B. Harbour views. C. Heritage properties. D. Luxurious facilities. 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. D 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了悉尼的四个顶级豪华酒店。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据“2. HILTON SYDNEY”中的“This is luxury accommodation right in the centre of Sydney, with world-class restaurants, one of the city’s best bars. Just upstairs sits Glass, the award-winning small restaurant by celebrity chef Luke Mangan.(这是一间位于悉尼市中心的豪华酒店，拥有世界级的餐厅和该市最好的酒吧之一。就在楼上，有著名厨师卢克·曼根(Luke Mangan)设计的获奖小餐厅Glass)”可知，希尔顿悉尼酒店有著名厨师设计的餐厅。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据“3. THE LANGHAM” 中的“Try their famous high tea menu, and be sure to check out the incredible underground swimming pool available to guests only.(试试他们著名的下午茶菜单，一定要去看看只有客人才能享用的地下游泳池)”可知，只有朗廷酒店的客人才可以去他们的地下游泳池。故选B。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Whether you want to stay in a converted beer factory, a luxury hotel on the harbour or an advanced loft-style room, Sydney has a huge range of top-quality hotels.(无论你是想住在改装的啤酒厂、海港的豪华酒店还是高级阁楼风格的房间里，悉尼都有大量的顶级酒店)”和下文四个酒店的描述，可知这四个酒店的共同点就是都能提供豪华的设施。故选D。 B Ernest Owusu was 13 in 1980 when he was given the opportunity to appear in the audience of a BBC show, and ask Thatcher how she felt about being called the Iron Lady. This encounter re-emerged in a BBC’s programme recently. At the time of their meeting, Owusu was on free school meals, living on a public estate in Brixton, south London, where he and his sister were being raised by their mother Rose, a struggling hairdresser. Now 57, Owusu looks remarkably similar even with a greying beard. But his life has been transformed. The father of three is a human resources director, and the first black captain of the Addington golf club in its 110-year history. As a black guy, it is about breaking the glass ceiling. Speaking in its clubhouse, Owusu describes his rise in social status (地位) as a “Thatcherite Journey”. And he says it began by asking the woman herself. “To this day it still has an impact. My confidence changed from that sliding-door moment. Something about her connected with me.” Thatcher told Owusu she enjoyed being called the Iron Lady. “I think it’s rather a praise, don’t you?” she said, “Because so often people have said to me if you’re in your job you’ve got to be soft and warm and human, but you’ve got to have a touch of steel.” Owusu recalls the moment, “I just remember her eye contact. She was answering me, not the camera. She welcomed the question saying you’ve got to be firm in this world. And that stuck with me.” After the show was broadcast, Owusu said he became “a little hero in Brixton for a good three months”. Owusu added, “It all gave me extra confidence. Doors might not have opened so quickly. It was one of those key moments to make you do things maybe you wouldn’t otherwise have done.” 4. What do we know about Owusu when he was 13? A. He met with Thatcher twice. B. He joined a famous golf club. C. He hosted a BBC’s programme. D. He lived at the bottom of society. 5. What do the underlined words “sliding-door moment” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Turning point. B. Important decision. C. Social status. D. Remarkable achievement. 6. Based on the text, what made a big difference to Owusu? A Others’ treating him equally at work. B. Others’ voting him a hero in Brixton. C. Thatcher’s efforts to preserve his dignity. D. Thatcher’s faith in the necessity of toughness. 7. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A. The Art of Dialogue B. The Power of Confidence C. A Life-changing Meeting D. A Status-improving Tale 【答案】4. D 5. A 6. D 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲的是Emest Owusu受到Thatcher夫人的影响，从而改变了自己的人生。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“At the time of their meeting, Owusu was on free school meals, living on a public estate in Brixton, south London, where he and his sister were being raised by their mother Rose, a struggling hairdresser.(在他们相遇的时候，Owusu在学校吃免费午餐，住在伦敦南部布里克斯顿的一处公共住宅里，他和妹妹由母亲罗斯抚养，她是一名苦苦挣扎的美发师)”可知，Owusu13岁时生活在社会的底层。故选D。 【5题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段“To this day it still has an impact. My confidence changed(直到今天，它仍然有影响。我的信心改变了)”可知，从那一刻Owusu的信心改变了，说明那是一个转折点，sliding-door moment的意思是“转折点”，和Turning point意思相近，故选A。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Because so often people have said to me if you’re in your job you’ve got to be soft and warm and human, but you’ve got to have a touch of steel.(因为人们经常对我说，如果你在工作中，你必须温柔、温暖、人性化，但你也必须有一点钢铁的感觉)”和“She welcomed the question saying you’ve got to be firm in this world. And that stuck with me.(她对这个问题表示欢迎，说在这个世界上你必须要坚定。这让我印象深刻)”可知，Thatcher坚信强硬的必要性使Owusu发生了巨大的变化。故选D。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第三段“Speaking in its clubhouse, Owusu describes his rise in social status (地位) as a “Thatcherite Journey”. And he says it began by asking the woman herself. “To this day it still has an impact. My confidence changed from that sliding-door moment. Something about her connected with me.”(在俱乐部里，Owusu将自己社会地位的提升描述为“撒切尔之旅”。他说，首先要问这位女士本人。“直到今天，它仍然有影响，我的信心从那一刻起就改变了。她身上的某种东西与我联系在一起。”)”可知，本文主要讲的是Ernest Owusu受到Thatcher夫人的影响，从而改变了自己的人生，因此最恰当的标题是C选项“A Life-changing Meeting(改变人生的会面)”。故选C。 C “The opposite of play isn’t work; it’s depression,” says play researcher Stuart Brown. “The adult-play shortage is becoming a public health crisis.” Play may appear insignificant, but recent studies indicate it may be as essential as the need for sleep. Playfulness helps some young animals learn to master their bodies and their environments — and once they do, most stop playing as adults. “Adult play promotes qualities that we humans could use more of,” says Jeff Harry, a play consultant. Unfortunately, social standards restrain (抑制) our urge to let loose. “Being a playful adult is really disapproved in our society,” he says. “You don’t want people to think that you’re childish.” “It hasn’t always been this way,” says Peter Gray, a play researcher at Boston University. When Gray reviewed descriptions of the last remaining hunter-gatherer tribes, he noticed that they were often described as “good-humored” and “joyful”. “What we would call work — hunting and gathering — was fun,” he says. “Generally speaking, we like to do the things that are necessary for our survival. Humans took one giant step away from fun when we started planting crops. Then we invented factories and lost sight of play entirely,” Gray adds. We may be able to reverse this situation, says Harry. As we fully make the transition to a knowledge-based economy, work and play are beginning to merge (合并) again. Some of today’s most successful companies, such as Google and Apple, were started by people tinkering (小修补) in their garages. “Play is all about looking at a tough world with creativity and optimism,” Brown says. He goes so far as to declare that “adult play is necessary for our survival as a species”. The next time I’m caught playing, I know exactly what I’ll say, “I am not wasting time, or acting immature. I’m playing for the benefit of all humanity. You’re welcome.” 8. Why does Stuart Brown consider adult play essential? A. It promotes creativity. B. It battles depression. C. It facilitates cooperation. D. It improves adaptivity. 9. What societal factor restrains adult play according to Jeff Harry? A. Fear of judgment from others. B. Lack of sufficient time for leisure. C. Cultural emphasis on personal values. D. Pressure from work-related responsibilities 10. Which statement will Peter Gray agree with according to Paragraph 3? A. Adult play contributes positively to work. B. Social attitudes toward play regularly shift. C. Humans initially found joy in survival activities. D. Industrialization closely connected work and play. 11 What is the purpose of the text? A. To stress the significance of adult play. B. To discuss the evolution of work and play. C. To advocate playfulness in modern businesses. D. To explore the impact of adult play on depression. 【答案】8. B 9. A 10. C 11. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了成人玩游戏对个体和社会的重要性，呼吁社会重新认识并重视成人玩游戏的作用。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中Stuart Brown所说的话“The opposite of play isn’t work; it’s depression (游戏的反义词不是工作，而是抑郁)”和“The adult-play shortage is becoming a public health crisis. (成人游戏的短缺正成为一场公共健康危机)”可知，Stuart Brown认为成人玩游戏重要的原因在于它可以对抗抑郁。故选B项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中Jeff Harry所说的话“Being a playful adult is really disapproved in our society (在我们的社会里，做一个爱玩的成年人是不被认可的)”和“You don’t want people to think that you’re childish. (你不想让别人觉得你幼稚)”可知，Jeff Harry认为成人害怕被别人评判的心理导致他们限制自己进行游戏。故选A项。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“When Gray reviewed descriptions of the last remaining hunter-gatherer tribes, he noticed that they were often described as “good-humored” and “joyful”. “What we would call work — hunting and gathering — was fun,” he says. (当Gray回顾对最后幸存的狩猎采集部落的描述时，他注意到他们经常被描述为“幽默”和“快乐”。“我们所谓的工作——狩猎和采集——很有趣，”他说)”和“Generally speaking, we like to do the things that are necessary for our survival. (一般来说，我们喜欢做生存所必需的事情)”可知，Peter Gray发现这些部落在狩猎和采集这样的生存活动中得到了乐趣，变得幽默而快乐。由此推知，他会赞同“人类最初在生存活动中找到快乐”的观点。故选C项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，并结合第一段中“Play may appear insignificant, but recent studies indicate it may be as essential as the need for sleep. (玩耍可能看起来微不足道，但最近的研究表明，它可能和睡眠一样重要)”可知，文章主要讨论了成人玩游戏对个体和社会的重要性。研究表明，游戏不仅可以帮助小动物学会控制自己和环境，还可以帮助成人对抗抑郁。然而，社会往往并不认可成人玩游戏的行为。但实际上，狩猎采集部落中的工作实际上是有趣而快乐的。由此可知，文章的写作目的在于强调成人玩游戏的重要性。故选A项。 D High in the Swiss Alps and the Arctic, scientists have discovered microbes (微生物) that can digest plastics — importantly, without the need to apply extra heat. Their findings, published in the journal Frontiers in Microbiology, could one day improve plastic recycling. It’s no secret that plastic pollution is still a big, global issue. Since its production exploded during and after World War II, humans have created more than 9.1 billion tons of plastic — and researchers estimate that less than one tenth of the resulting waste has been recycled. To make matters worse, the most common recycling option — when plastic is washed, processed and turned into new products — doesn’t actually reduce waste: The recycled materials are often of lower quality and might later end up in a landfill all the same. So, researchers are looking for solutions to the plastics problem that go beyond conventional recycling — and one process they’ve experimented with is breaking down plastics using microbes. But the known plastic-digesting microbes can only do so at warm temperatures above 85 degrees Fahrenheit. When done at an industrial scale, the amount of energy needed to generate that much heat makes the process give off more carbon —and cost more money. But the microbes found in the Arctic and Swiss Alps can function at cooler temperatures: They were able to break down biodegradable (可生物降解的) plastics at 59 degrees Fahrenheit. In the new study, co-author Joel Rüthi and his colleagues discovered that of the total 34 types of microbes examined,19 were successfully able to break down a form of plastic called polyester-polyurethane, and 17 could break down two types of biodegradable plastic mixtures. Unfortunately, the plastics that the microbes partially degraded represent a “really small amount of plastics in circulation,” said Gavin Lear, an environmental microbiologist, who was not involved in the study. Lear acknowledged that using natural microbes can provide a head start when it comes to designing a strategy for bio-recycling. If we move away from the conventional non-biodegradable materials, “and we start to use more of these biodegradable plastics, then it’s good that we know how to degrade them more quickly so they’re less of an environmental problem,” he concluded. 12. What do we know about the conventional recycling? A. It does not live up to expectations. B. It contributes to more waste. C. It is not as popular as before. D. It ensures new product quality. 13. Which best describes the method of using the microbes in the previous studies? A. Impractical. B. Pioneering C. Reliable. D. Invaluable. 14. Why is the new study mentioned in paragraph 4? A. To prove the microbes have an obvious taste preference. B. To show the finding opens doors to a more efficient system. C. To clarify how the process of breaking down plastics works. D. To explain why bio-recycling is better than conventional recycling. 15. What do the underlined words “head start” in paragraph 5 mean? A. Reward. B. Criterion. C. Protection. D. Advantage. 【答案】12. A 13. A 14. B 15. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。在瑞士阿尔卑斯山和北极的高处，科学家们发现了可以消化塑料的微生物——重要的是，不需要额外的加热。他们的研究结果发表在《微生物学前沿》杂志上，有朝一日可能会改善塑料回收。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“To make matters worse, the most common recycling option — when plastic is washed, processed and turned into new products — doesn’t actually reduce waste: The recycled materials are often of lower quality and might later end up in a landfill all the same.(更糟糕的是，最常见的回收选择——将塑料清洗、加工并变成新产品——实际上并没有减少浪费：回收的材料通常质量较低，最终可能还是会被扔进垃圾填埋场)”可知，传统的回收没有达到人们的期望。故选A。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“So, researchers are looking for solutions to the plastics problem that go beyond conventional recycling — and one process they’ve experimented with is breaking down plastics using microbes. But the known plastic-digesting microbes can only do so at warm temperatures above 85 degrees Fahrenheit. When done at an industrial scale, the amount of energy needed to generate that much heat makes the process give off more carbon —and cost more money.(因此，研究人员正在寻找超越传统回收的塑料问题的解决方案，他们已经试验了一种方法，即用微生物分解塑料。但已知的塑料消化微生物只能在85华氏度以上的温暖温度下进行。当在工业规模上进行时，产生这么多热量所需的能量会使该过程释放更多的碳，并花费更多的钱)”可推知，之前研究中使用微生物的方法是不切实际的。故选A。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“But the microbes found in the Arctic and Swiss Alps can function at cooler temperatures: They were able to break down biodegradable (可生物降解的) plastics at 59 degrees Fahrenheit. In the new study, co-author Joel Rüthi and his colleagues discovered that of the total 34 types of microbes examined,19 were successfully able to break down a form of plastic called polyester-polyurethane, and 17 could break down two types of biodegradable plastic mixtures.(但在北极和瑞士阿尔卑斯山发现的微生物可以在更低的温度下工作：它们能够在59华氏度的温度下分解可生物降解的塑料。在这项新研究中，合著者Joel Rüthi和他的同事们发现，在总共34种被检测的微生物中，19种能够成功地分解一种叫做聚酯聚氨酯的塑料，17种可以分解两种可生物降解的塑料混合物)”可知，新发现检测到微生物可以分解更多的塑料，结合第三段提到之前研究中使用微生物的方法是不切实际的，可推知，第4段提到了这项新研究是为了表明这一发现为更有效的系统打开了大门。故选B。 【15题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“If we move away from the conventional non-biodegradable materials, “and we start to use more of these biodegradable plastics, then it’s good that we know how to degrade them more quickly so they’re less of an environmental problem,” he concluded.(如果我们不再使用传统的不可生物降解的材料，“我们开始更多地使用这些可生物降解的塑料，那么我们知道如何更快地降解它们，从而减少环境问题，这是件好事，”他总结道)”可知，Gavin Lear提到如果我们不再使用传统的不可生物降解的材料，我们开始更多地使用这些可生物降解的塑料，那么我们知道如何更快地降解它们，从而减少环境问题，由此说明使用天然微生物具有良好的优势。故划线词意思是“优势”。故选D。 七选五 So often we find ourselves on autopilot—waking up in the same home, putting on the same clothes and taking the same transportation to the same-old job.____16____And while it’s perfectly natural for humans to stick to routine, there’s much to be discovered beyond the limits of our comfort zones. There is no exception to a man aged 53.____17____He knew it was going to be hard to find another job. He also knew it was now or never to pursue his lifelong dream of owning his own restaurant. But he was too old to compete with the young and too weak to do any labor work. ____18____He didn’t want to spend his rest life sitting around and feeling pity for himself. Also, Mrs. Mockenhaupt actively encouraged him to move on, considering it a perfect chance for two of them to start their own business with plenty of time and without the disturbance of children. ____19____Brian found just what he wanted eight blocks from home—an existing cafe that was underperforming and whose owner was highly motivated to get out of his lease (租期).____20____But the problem was that he had never financially planned for this day. He had to borrow money from friends and relatives. After that, he changed the name to Black Dog Coffee, and made it alive again. Eighteen years later, they’re still there and doing better than ever. Brian says he’s extremely grateful for the decision to make a change. A. Then came the opportunity. B. The thought filled him with anxiety. C. That was exactly what Brian needed. D. Even our New Year’s decisions to change hardly make it. E. With the support of his family, he took a job in the local cafe. F. Several weeks after consideration, he decided to have a change. G. Brian Mockenhaupt got laid off from a senior management position. 【答案】16. D 17. G 18. F 19. A 20. C 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。虽然对人类来说，循规蹈矩是再自然不过的事情，但在我们的舒适区之外，还有很多东西有待发现。文章主要记叙了53岁被迫下岗的Brian Mockenhaupt选择做出改变，在家人的支持下，开始经营一家咖啡馆的故事。 【16题详解】 根据上文So often we find ourselves on autopilot—waking up in the same home, putting on the same clothes and taking the same transportation to the same-old job.可知所以，我们经常发现自己处于自动驾驶状态——在同一个家里醒来，穿上同样的衣服，乘坐同样的交通工具去做同样的工作。由此可知，本句承接上文说明，人们总是在重复相同的事情，所以做出改变的决定往往变得很难实现。故D选项“即使我们在新年做出改变的决定也很难实现”符合语境，故选D。 【17题详解】 根据后文He knew it was going to be hard to find another job.可知他知道再找一份工作会很困难。由此可知，本句应当是在说明某一个人下岗失去了工作的事情，结合下一段中Also, Mrs. Mockenhaupt actively encouraged him to move on, considering it a perfect chance for two of them to start their own business with plenty of time and without the disturbance of children.( Mockenhaupt太太也积极鼓励他向前看，认为这是他们俩人开创自己事业的绝佳机会，有足够的时间，没有孩子的打扰)可知这个人就是Brian Mockenhaupt。故G选项“Brian Mockenhaupt从一个高级管理职位上下岗了”符合语境，故选G。 【18题详解】 根据后文He didn’t want to spend his rest life sitting around and feeling pity for himself. Also, Mrs. Mockenhaupt actively encouraged him to move on, considering it a perfect chance for two of them to start their own business with plenty of time and without the disturbance of children.可知他不想让自己的下半生无所事事地可怜自己。Mockenhaupt太太也积极鼓励他继续生活，认为这是他们俩人开创自己事业的绝佳机会，有足够的时间，没有孩子的打扰。由此可知，Brian Mockenhaupt决定做出一些改变，因为他不想让自己的下半生无所事事地可怜自己。故F选项“经过几个星期的考虑，他决定改变一下”符合语境，故选F。 【19题详解】 根据后文Brian found just what he wanted eight blocks from home—an existing cafe that was underperforming and whose owner was highly motivated to get out of his lease (租期).可知Brian在离他家8个街区的地方找到了他想要的东西——一家现有的咖啡馆，该咖啡馆的业绩不佳，其老板想要解除租约。由此可知，上一段提到Brian想要改变一下，后文提到有一家咖啡馆想要解除租约，说明Brian改变的机会来了。故A选项“机会来了”符合语境，故选A。 【20题详解】 根据上文Brian found just what he wanted eight blocks from home—an existing cafe that was underperforming and whose owner was highly motivated to get out of his lease (租期).(Brian在离他家8个街区的地方找到了他想要的东西——一家现有的咖啡馆，该咖啡馆的业绩不佳，其老板想要解除租约)以及后文But the problem was that he had never financially planned for this day. He had to borrow money from friends and relatives.(但问题是，他从来没有为这一天做过财务计划。他不得不向亲戚朋友借钱)由此可知，离家不远就有咖啡馆可以接手，这正是渴望改变的Brian所需要的。后文他向亲戚朋友借钱也说明他想要租下咖啡馆。故C选项“这正是Brian所需要的”符合语境，故选C。 完形填空 Some folks spend decades looking for their best friends. I was ____21____ enough to find mine in Grade 7 at my senior school –eight ____22____ girls. As we progressed to high school, a couple of girls ____23____ and a couple of new ones wormed their way in. By the end of Grade 12, the group had more or less ____24____ into its final form, one that’s remained remarkably ____25____ for the past 20 years. Among our many ____26____ is an annual Christmas exchange. This event first ____27____ when we were 12. We set it up on the long, sticky cafeteria tables at our school to swap ____28____ gifts bought with our babysitting money. In following years, we’d ____29____ a night of it, watching movies and ordering pizza in parents’ living rooms, ____30____ moving into our own shabby student apartments, into slightly less shabby adult apartments and then into our first ____31____ . At the beginning, we gave each other butterfly hair clips and so on. Those ____32____ bright mall jewellery and cheerful housewares as we began nesting in our 20s and baby clothes once we started having ____33____ in our 30s. Holidays with family can be ____34____ , but our exchange offered something else:a chance for my friends and me to ____35____ our own traditions and play at being grown-ups. 21. A. cautious B. astonished C. lucky D. clever 22. A. mature B. teenage C. fashionable D. strange 23. A. dropped out B. dropped in C. showed up D. showed off 24 A. broken B. forced C. separated D. united 25. A. secret B. long C. natural D. complete 26. A. hobbies B. traditions C. ceremonies D. rules 27. A. caught on B. took place C. broke out D. fell down 28. A. fancy B. expensive C. modest D. generous 29. A. repeat B. add C. search D. make 30. A. instantly B. literally C. eventually D. consequently 31. A. homes B. schools C. shelters D. offices 32. A. held on to B. gave way to C. catered to D. adapted to 33. A. salaries B. jobs C. kids D. families 34. A. rare B. practical C. inspiring D. cosy 35. A. create B. reform C. apply D. recognize 【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. D 26. B 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. D 35. A 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了自己和朋友们从小到大的友谊。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很幸运，在我中学七年级的时候找到了八个十几岁的女孩。A. cautious谨慎的；B. astonished惊讶的； C. lucky幸运的；D. clever聪明的。根据后句“to find mine”（找到我的好朋友）可知，作者在七年级遇见自己的好朋友, 所以倍感幸运。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很幸运，在我中学七年级的时候找到了八个十几岁的女孩。A. mature成熟的；B. teenage青少年的；C. fashionable时尚的；D. strange陌生的。根据上句“in Grade 7 at my senior school”（在我的中学七年级）可知, 她们是十几岁的女孩。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：当我们升入高中时。有几个女生退出了，又有几个女生加入进来。A. dropped out退学，退出；B. dropped in顺道来访； C. showed up出现；D. showed off炫耀。 根据后文“ a couple of new ones wormed their way in”（ 又有几个新家伙加入进来了）可知, 有些人退出, 而有些人加入, 故选A。 【24题详解】 考查动词词词义辨析。句意：12年级结束时，这个小组或多或少已经形成了最终的形式。A. broken破坏；B. forced强迫；C. separated分离；D. united团结。根据后句“into its final form”(最终的形式)可知，最终我们形成了一个团队, 符合题意, 故选D。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它在过去的20年里一直保持着惊人的完整性。A. secret秘密的；B. long长的；C. natural自然的； D. complete十分的，完整的。根据后文作者对这个团队友谊的描述可知, 在接下来的20年这个团队保持得相当完整, 故选D。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们有许多传统，其中之一就是一年一度的圣诞节礼物的交换。A. hobbies爱好； B. traditions传统； C. ceremonies仪式； D. rules规则。根据下文“a chance for my friends and me to ____15____ our own traditions and play at being grown-ups.”可知，此处是“traditions”原词重现。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：这件事第一次发生在我们12岁的时候。A. caught on理解；B. took place发生； C. broke out爆发；D. fell down摔倒。 根据后句“when we were 12.”（在我们12岁的时候）可知第一次互送礼物这个仪式是在作者12岁的时候举行的。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们把它放在学校食堂黏糊糊的长桌子上，用来交换用当保姆的钱买的小礼物。A. fancy时髦的；B. expensive贵的；C. modest不太多的，一般的；D. generous慷慨的。根据“with our babysitting money”（用我们当保姆的钱）用当保姆的钱赚的零花钱买的礼物, 可知, 这个礼物不是很贵, 故选C。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的几年里，我们会在父母的客厅里看电影，订披萨，玩个痛快，最后搬进我们破旧的学生公寓。 A. repeat重复；B. add添加；C. search搜寻；D. make安排，准备。结合语境和下文“watching movies and ordering pizza in parents’ living rooms”可知，是作者和朋友们选定一个晚上来进行此事。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A. instantly立刻；B. literally真正地；C. eventually最后；D. consequently因此。根据下文“…into our own shabby student apartments, into slightly less shabby adult apartments”(进入我们破旧的学生公寓。搬进稍微不那么破旧的成人公寓)可知, 举行这个活动的地方, 一步步在变换, 念大学和工作租公寓是“最后”发生。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：接着搬进稍微不那么破旧的成人公寓，然后搬进我们的第一个家。A. homes家；B. schools学校；C. shelters庇护所；D. offices办公室。根据作者的时间顺序和地点转移“parents’ living rooms（父母的客厅）到student apartments（学生公寓）以及adult apartments”（成人公寓）的描述, 可推断聚会的地点应该到了家里（成年后各自成立的家）。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：在开始，我们给了对方蝴蝶发夹等等。当我们20多岁开始建立新家时，这些东西被明亮的商场珠宝和令人愉悦的家庭用品所取代。A. held on to坚持；B. gave way to给……让路；C. catered to迎合；D. adapted to适合。根据上句“At the beginning, we gave each other butterfly hair clips and so on”（在开始，我们给了对方蝴蝶发夹等等）以及“bright mall jewellery and cheerful housewares”（明亮的商场珠宝和令人愉悦的家庭用品）可知,送的礼物从开始送的蝴蝶型发卡到后来的商店买的珠宝，即蝴蝶发卡给珠宝让路。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们30多岁开始有孩子的时候，我们开始送婴儿的衣服。A. salaries薪水；B. jobs工作； C. kids孩子；D. families家庭。根据此句中“baby clothes”（ 婴儿服）推断，此处指有了孩子后，给孩子们买衣服, 故选C。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：和家人一起度假会很舒适,但我们的交流提供了其他重要的东西：我和我的朋友们有机会创造我们自己的传统，在成年时也可以一起玩。A. rare罕见的；B. practical真实的；C. inspiring鼓舞人心的；D. cosy舒适的。根据常理推断, 跟家人在一起的节日是温馨、舒适的。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：和家人一起度假会很舒适,但我们的交流提供了其他重要的东西：我和我的朋友们有机会创造我们自己的传统，在成年时也可以一起玩。A. create创造；B. reform改革；C. apply应用； D. recognize辨认出。根据前文“At the beginning, we gave each other butterfly hair clips and so on. Those ____12____ bright mall jewellery and cheerful housewares as we began nesting in our 20s and baby clothes once we started having ____13____ in our 30s. ”（在开始,我们给了对方蝴蝶发夹等等。当我们20多岁开始有自己的家时，这些东西被明亮的商场珠宝和令人愉悦的家庭用品所取代，当我们30多岁开始有孩子时，这些东西被婴儿服装所取代）可知, 这一群女孩建立了自己的互送礼物的传统。故选A。 语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式 Yangko, a rural Chinese folk dance with a history ___36___ (date) back thousands of years, originates from farming life in ancient times. The dance relates to sacrifices to the farmland god when people prayed for a good harvest. As time passed, the ___37___ (origin) dance developed, taking in various artistic forms and skills, including opera, acrobatics and martial arts, and eventually turned into the type of Yangko ___38___ is seen today. ___39___ (preserve) this Chinese folk culture, it was included in the inaugural(首批的)items of national intangible cultural heritage in 2006. It is ___40___ (common) performed in northern China during festivals, especially for Chinese New Year and the Lantern Festival. Performances or competitions ___41___ (organize) in towns and villages to express people’s joy and their hope for a better life. Yangko employs drumming, Suona, dancing and singing. Content is based ___42___ folk stories and legends. Costumes are richly-colored and opera-styled, enabling ___43___ (character) to be easily identified. During a performance, the actors will dance and sing, following lively rhythms. Highly skilled and interesting acts such as stilt(高跷)walking ___44___ carrying a wedding sedan chair(花轿)are also included. As a part of traditional Chinese culture, Yangko ____45____ (concentrate) the group consciousness of the Chinese people, and has outstanding historical and cultural value. 【答案】36. dating 37. original 38. that##which 39. To preserve 40. commonly 41. are organized 42. on##upon 43. characters 44. and 45. concentrates 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍一种乡村民间舞蹈——秧歌。 【36题详解】 考查现在分词。句意：秧歌是一种乡村民间舞蹈，有数千年的历史，起源于古代农耕文明时期。句中已有谓语动词originates ，此处为非谓语的形式，history与date之间为主动关系，应用现在分词形式，作后置定语，故填dating。 【37题详解】 考查形容词。句意：随着时间的推移，原始舞蹈不断演变，呈现出各种艺术形式和技巧。形容词作定语，修饰名词。故填original。 【38题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：随着时间的推移，原始舞蹈不断演变，融入各种艺术形式和技巧，最终发展成今天所见的类型的秧歌。指代先行词Yangko且在从句中作主语，应用that/which引导定语从句。故填that/which。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语。句意：为保护这一民间文化，秧歌于2006年被列入首批国家级非物质文化遗产名录。此处为动词不定式作目的状语。故填To preserve。 【40题详解】 考查副词。句意：人们经常在节日期间表演这种舞蹈，尤其是在春节和农历正月的元宵节。副词作状语修饰动词。故填commonly。 【41题详解】 考查动词时态语态。句意：在城镇和乡村组织表演或比赛，以表达人们的喜悦和对美好生活的希望。Performances or competitions与organize之间为被动关系，且为客观陈述，应用一般现在时被动语态。故填are organized。 【42题详解】 考查介词。句意：内容以民间故事和传说为基础。be based on/upon以……为基础。故填on/upon。 【43题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：服装色彩丰富，富有歌剧风格，使人物易于辨认。此处character指人物角色，根据句意可知，为复数意义。故填characters。 【44题详解】 考查连词。句意：高跷、抬花轿等高技能、有趣的表演也包括在内。根据动词are included可知，句子主语是stilt walking和carrying a wedding sedan chair。为并列关系，连词为and。故填and。 【45题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：作为中国传统文化的一部分，秧歌集中了中国人的群体意识。根据上下文可知，此处用一般现在时，主语是 Yangko，故填concentrates。 书面表达 46. 假如你是李华，刚结束了为期两周的英国交换生项目。学校英语报邀请你写一篇英语文章，分享你的见闻。内容包括：1．你的经历(学习、生活等)；2．你的感受。 注意：1．词数80左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Insights from a UK Exchange ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Insights from a UK Exchange I’m Li Hua and have just completed my two-week academic exchange programme in the UK recently. This unique experience granted me a front-row seat to both diverse learning environments and local life. Academically, I engaged with challenging coursework and dynamic seminars, learning not just from textbooks but from lively debates with peers. Living alongside local students, I navigated the intricacies of daily life abroad, adapting to new norms and customs. The greatest challenge? Overcoming the initial language barrier and adjusting to cultural differences! However, these obstacles became steppingstones to my growth. This adventure has taught me that embracing challenges is essential for fostering intercultural understanding and personal growth. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放性作文。要求考生就参加为期两周的英国交换生项目的经历和感受写一篇英语文章。 【详解】1.词汇积累 完成：complete→finish 克服：overcome→get over 重要的：essential→vital 培养：foster→develop 2.句式拓展 合并句子 原句：I’m Li Hua and have just completed my two-week academic exchange programme in the UK recently. This unique experience granted me a front-row seat to both diverse learning environments and local life. 拓展句：I’m Li Hua and have just completed my two-week academic exchange programme in the UK recently, which granted me a front-row seat to both diverse learning environments and local life. 【点睛】【高分句型1】This adventure has taught me that embracing challenges is essential for fostering intercultural understanding and personal growth.（运用了that引导的宾语从句） 【高分句型2】Academically, I engaged with challenging coursework and dynamic seminars, learning not just from textbooks but from lively debates with peers.（运用了现在分词作状语） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 In New England, a few years ago, a party of boys decided to start a grand sleigh (雪橇) ride. The sleigh was a large one, pulled by six gray horses. The next day, as the teacher entered the schoolroom, he found his students in high spirits, chattering excitedly about their journey. One of the boys recounted their trip and its various incidents. As he reached the end of his story, he exclaimed, “Oh sir, there was one thing I had almost forgotten. As we were coming home, we saw a strange sight on the road. It turned out to be a rust y old sleigh attached to a covered wagon (四轮运货车), moving at a very slow pace and taking up the entire road.” The boys had grown impatient with the slow-moving vehicle ahead of them and decided to take action. They threw snowballs at the wagon and shouted, making the old horse start to run quickly. The old man in the wagon cried out, asking why they were frightening his horse. A boy replied, “Why don’t you turn out, then?” and gave him three more loud cheers. His horse was frightened again and ran into a loaded wagon, almost making the old man fall over. The teacher listened carefully to the boy’s story before responding, “Take your seats, boys, and I will tell you a story about a sleigh ride, too.” Yesterday afternoon, a very elderly man was traveling from Boston to Salem to spend the winter at his son’s house. He had brought his wagon for the journey and his sleigh for the winter. His vision and hearing were not what they used to be due to his age. He was traveling slowly, as his horse was old and weak like himself. Suddenly, he was frightened by loud cheers and rapid snowballs hitting his wagon. In his panic, he dropped the reins and his horse ran wildly. Amidst his troubles, a large group of boys in a sleigh pulled by six horses rushed past him, shouting and demanding that he give them the road. 注意：续写词数应为150左右;请按如下格式作答。 Paragraph1 The old man begged them not to frighten his horse. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph2 The boys listened quietly, reflecting on their actions. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 The old man begged them not to frighten his horse. However, they replied, “Turn out, then!” and continued to hit his wagon with their whips and throw at him with snowballs. “The terror of the old man and his horse was increased, and the latter ran away with him, to the great danger of his life,” the teacher continued. Eventually, the old man managed to calm his horse and bring it back under control, but not before sustaining significant damage to his wagon and sleigh. “That old man is your teacher’s father.” The teacher concluded his story. The boys listened quietly, reflecting on their actions. They came to realize how rude and unkind their conduct appeared from another point of view. Ashamed and regretful, they sincerely apologized to their teacher for what they had done. From that day on, they made a conscious effort to be more considerate of others on the road and to remember the valuable lesson their teacher had taught them: our actions, no matter how small or seemingly insignificant, can have a profound impact on those around us. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，主要讲述了在新英格兰，一群男孩在教室兴高采烈地谈论着他们的雪橇之旅，以及在路上遇到一个老人驾驶着马车，速度很慢，占据了整条路。”男孩们对缓慢行驶的车辆不耐烦，向马车扔雪球，吓唬马。还差点把老人撞倒。老师告诉孩子们那个来给儿子过冬的老人是自己的父亲，孩子们听后开始反思自己的粗鲁行为。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“老人恳求他们不要惊吓他的马。”可知，第一段可描写孩子们粗鲁的做法和老人虽然设法让他的马平静下来，但他的马车和雪橇受到了严重的损害。以及老师说那是他的父亲。 ②由第二段首句内容“孩子们静静地听着，思索着自己的行为。”可知，第二段可描写孩子们意识到自己的行为是多么粗鲁和不友善。诚恳地向老师道歉。他们从中获得的感悟。 2.续写线索： 孩子们的粗鲁——老人和马的惊恐——车辆受损——反思-——积极行动——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①回答：reply/answer ②结束：conclude/terminate ③继续：continue/ resume ④看起来：appear/seem 情绪类 ①惊恐：terror/panic/horror ②体贴的：caring/considerate 【点睛】[高分句型1]They came to realize how rude and unkind their conduct appeared from another point of view. .(运用了how引导的宾语从句) [高分句型2] Ashamed and regretful, they sincerely apologized to their teacher for what they had done.(运用了形容词作状语以及what引导的宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 北大新世纪邹城实验学校2024年高考模拟考试 英语试题 (考试时间：100分钟 总分：120分) 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的准考证号、姓名、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。用 2B 铅笔在“考场号”和“座位号”栏相应位置填涂自己的考场号和座位号。将条形码粘贴在答题卡“条形码粘贴处”。 2. 作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。 3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 4. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 一、阅读理解 A WHERE TO STAY IN SYDNEY Whether you want to stay in a converted beer factory, a luxury hotel on the harbour or an advanced loft-style room, Sydney has a huge range of top-quality hotels. 1 THE OLD CLARE HOTEL Located in the heart of Sydney’s Central Park district, The Old Clare Hotel, providing luxurious (豪华的) rooms and facilities, takes up a historic Chippendale pub and the nearby former beer factory site. This hotel has been lovingly restored by Peng Loh, a Singaporean businessman with a passion for redecorating heritage properties. 2. HILTON SYDNEY This is luxury accommodation right in the centre of Sydney, with world-class restaurants, one of the city’s best bars. Just upstairs sits Glass, the award-winning small restaurant by celebrity chef Luke Mangan. Downstairs lies The Marble Bar, a Sydney hotspot for decades and heritage listed due to its extensive use of marble, dating back to 1893. Rooms are simply fashionable. 3. THE LANGHAM Grand harborside luxury can be expected at The Langham, located in the Sydney centre. The hotel makes the most of its impressive harbour views with a marble-decorated hall that takes your breath away. Don’t forget to check out the art, with a collection of Australia’s most famous painter. Try their famous high tea menu, and be sure to check out the incredible underground swimming pool available to guests only. 4. FOUR SEASONS HOTEL SYDNEY Another luxury stay with amazing harbour views, the Four Seasons Hotel Sydney sits on the edge of Sydney’s historic Rocks district. A Deluxe Harbour Room will give you a breath-taking view, with dark wood and silk inside in calming colours. Downstairs is Grain, one of the best-known whisky bars in the city. 1. Which of the following hotels houses a restaurant by a famous chef? A. The Langham. B. Hilton Sydney. C. The Old Clare Hotel. D. The Four Seasons Hotel Sydney. 2. What privilege can guests enjoy in The Langham? A. A taste of the famous high tea for free. B. Access to the underground swimming pool. C. A rest in the impressive marble-decorated hall. D. A good look at the collection of famous paintings. 3. What do all the hotels have in common? A. Famous bars. B. Harbour views. C. Heritage properties. D. Luxurious facilities. B Ernest Owusu was 13 in 1980 when he was given the opportunity to appear in the audience of a BBC show, and ask Thatcher how she felt about being called the Iron Lady. This encounter re-emerged in a BBC’s programme recently. At the time of their meeting, Owusu was on free school meals, living on a public estate in Brixton, south London, where he and his sister were being raised by their mother Rose, a struggling hairdresser. Now 57, Owusu looks remarkably similar even with a greying beard. But his life has been transformed. The father of three is a human resources director, and the first black captain of the Addington golf club in its 110-year history. As a black guy, it is about breaking the glass ceiling. Speaking in its clubhouse, Owusu describes his rise in social status (地位) as a “Thatcherite Journey”. And he says it began by asking the woman herself. “To this day it still has an impact. My confidence changed from that sliding-door moment. Something about her connected with me.” Thatcher told Owusu she enjoyed being called the Iron Lady. “I think it’s rather a praise, don’t you?” she said, “Because so often people have said to me if you’re in your job you’ve got to be soft and warm and human, but you’ve got to have a touch of steel.” Owusu recalls the moment, “I just remember her eye contact. She was answering me, not the camera. She welcomed the question saying you’ve got to be firm in this world. And that stuck with me.” After the show was broadcast, Owusu said he became “a little hero in Brixton for a good three months”. Owusu added, “It all gave me extra confidence. Doors might not have opened so quickly. It was one of those key moments to make you do things maybe you wouldn’t otherwise have done.” 4. What do we know about Owusu when he was 13? A. He met with Thatcher twice. B. He joined a famous golf club. C. He hosted a BBC’s programme. D. He lived at the bottom of society. 5. What do the underlined words “sliding-door moment” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Turning point. B. Important decision. C. Social status. D. Remarkable achievement. 6. Based on the text, what made a big difference to Owusu? A. Others’ treating him equally at work. B. Others’ voting him a hero in Brixton. C. Thatcher’s efforts to preserve his dignity. D. Thatcher’s faith in the necessity of toughness. 7. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A. The Art of Dialogue B. The Power of Confidence C. A Life-changing Meeting D. A Status-improving Tale C “The opposite of play isn’t work; it’s depression,” says play researcher Stuart Brown. “The adult-play shortage is becoming a public health crisis.” Play may appear insignificant, but recent studies indicate it may be as essential as the need for sleep. Playfulness helps some young animals learn to master their bodies and their environments — and once they do, most stop playing as adults. “Adult play promotes qualities that we humans could use more of,” says Jeff Harry, a play consultant. Unfortunately, social standards restrain (抑制) our urge to let loose. “Being a playful adult is really disapproved in our society,” he says. “You don’t want people to think that you’re childish.” “It hasn’t always been this way,” says Peter Gray, a play researcher at Boston University. When Gray reviewed descriptions of the last remaining hunter-gatherer tribes, he noticed that they were often described as “good-humored” and “joyful”. “What we would call work — hunting and gathering — was fun,” he says. “Generally speaking, we like to do the things that are necessary for our survival. Humans took one giant step away from fun when we started planting crops. Then we invented factories and lost sight of play entirely,” Gray adds. We may be able to reverse this situation, says Harry. As we fully make the transition to a knowledge-based economy, work and play are beginning to merge (合并) again. Some of today’s most successful companies, such as Google and Apple, were started by people tinkering (小修补) in their garages. “Play is all about looking at a tough world with creativity and optimism,” Brown says. He goes so far as to declare that “adult play is necessary for our survival as a species”. The next time I’m caught playing, I know exactly what I’ll say, “I am not wasting time, or acting immature. I’m playing for the benefit of all humanity. You’re welcome.” 8. Why does Stuart Brown consider adult play essential? A. It promotes creativity. B. It battles depression. C. It facilitates cooperation. D. It improves adaptivity. 9. What societal factor restrains adult play according to Jeff Harry? A. Fear of judgment from others. B. Lack of sufficient time for leisure. C. Cultural emphasis on personal values. D. Pressure from work-related responsibilities 10. Which statement will Peter Gray agree with according to Paragraph 3? A Adult play contributes positively to work. B. Social attitudes toward play regularly shift. C. Humans initially found joy in survival activities. D. Industrialization closely connected work and play. 11. What is the purpose of the text? A. To stress the significance of adult play. B. To discuss the evolution of work and play. C To advocate playfulness in modern businesses. D. To explore the impact of adult play on depression. D High in the Swiss Alps and the Arctic, scientists have discovered microbes (微生物) that can digest plastics — importantly, without the need to apply extra heat. Their findings, published in the journal Frontiers in Microbiology, could one day improve plastic recycling. It’s no secret that plastic pollution is still a big, global issue. Since its production exploded during and after World War II, humans have created more than 9.1 billion tons of plastic — and researchers estimate that less than one tenth of the resulting waste has been recycled. To make matters worse, the most common recycling option — when plastic is washed, processed and turned into new products — doesn’t actually reduce waste: The recycled materials are often of lower quality and might later end up in a landfill all the same. So, researchers are looking for solutions to the plastics problem that go beyond conventional recycling — and one process they’ve experimented with is breaking down plastics using microbes. But the known plastic-digesting microbes can only do so at warm temperatures above 85 degrees Fahrenheit. When done at an industrial scale, the amount of energy needed to generate that much heat makes the process give off more carbon —and cost more money. But the microbes found in the Arctic and Swiss Alps can function at cooler temperatures: They were able to break down biodegradable (可生物降解的) plastics at 59 degrees Fahrenheit. In the new study, co-author Joel Rüthi and his colleagues discovered that of the total 34 types of microbes examined,19 were successfully able to break down a form of plastic called polyester-polyurethane, and 17 could break down two types of biodegradable plastic mixtures. Unfortunately, the plastics that the microbes partially degraded represent a “really small amount of plastics in circulation,” said Gavin Lear, an environmental microbiologist, who was not involved in the study. Lear acknowledged that using natural microbes can provide a head start when it comes to designing a strategy for bio-recycling. If we move away from the conventional non-biodegradable materials, “and we start to use more of these biodegradable plastics, then it’s good that we know how to degrade them more quickly so they’re less of an environmental problem,” he concluded. 12. What do we know about the conventional recycling? A It does not live up to expectations. B. It contributes to more waste. C. It is not as popular as before. D. It ensures new product quality. 13. Which best describes the method of using the microbes in the previous studies? A. Impractical. B. Pioneering C. Reliable. D. Invaluable. 14. Why is the new study mentioned in paragraph 4? A. To prove the microbes have an obvious taste preference. B. To show the finding opens doors to a more efficient system. C. To clarify how the process of breaking down plastics works. D. To explain why bio-recycling is better than conventional recycling. 15. What do the underlined words “head start” in paragraph 5 mean? A. Reward. B. Criterion. C. Protection. D. Advantage. 七选五 So often we find ourselves on autopilot—waking up in the same home, putting on the same clothes and taking the same transportation to the same-old job.____16____And while it’s perfectly natural for humans to stick to routine, there’s much to be discovered beyond the limits of our comfort zones. There is no exception to a man aged 53.____17____He knew it was going to be hard to find another job. He also knew it was now or never to pursue his lifelong dream of owning his own restaurant. But he was too old to compete with the young and too weak to do any labor work. ____18____He didn’t want to spend his rest life sitting around and feeling pity for himself. Also, Mrs. Mockenhaupt actively encouraged him to move on, considering it a perfect chance for two of them to start their own business with plenty of time and without the disturbance of children. ____19____Brian found just what he wanted eight blocks from home—an existing cafe that was underperforming and whose owner was highly motivated to get out of his lease (租期).____20____But the problem was that he had never financially planned for this day. He had to borrow money from friends and relatives. After that, he changed the name to Black Dog Coffee, and made it alive again. Eighteen years later, they’re still there and doing better than ever. Brian says he’s extremely grateful for the decision to make a change. A. Then came the opportunity. B. The thought filled him with anxiety. C. That was exactly what Brian needed. D. Even our New Year’s decisions to change hardly make it. E. With the support of his family he took a job in the local cafe. F. Several weeks after consideration, he decided to have a change. G. Brian Mockenhaupt got laid off from a senior management position. 完形填空 Some folks spend decades looking for their best friends. I was ____21____ enough to find mine in Grade 7 at my senior school –eight ____22____ girls. As we progressed to high school, a couple of girls ____23____ and a couple of new ones wormed their way in. By the end of Grade 12, the group had more or less ____24____ into its final form, one that’s remained remarkably ____25____ for the past 20 years. Among our many ____26____ is an annual Christmas exchange. This event first ____27____ when we were 12. We set it up on the long, sticky cafeteria tables at our school to swap ____28____ gifts bought with our babysitting money. In following years, we’d ____29____ a night of it, watching movies and ordering pizza in parents’ living rooms, ____30____ moving into our own shabby student apartments, into slightly less shabby adult apartments and then into our first ____31____ . At the beginning, we gave each other butterfly hair clips and so on. Those ____32____ bright mall jewellery and cheerful housewares as we began nesting in our 20s and baby clothes once we started having ____33____ in our 30s. Holidays with family can be ____34____ , but our exchange offered something else:a chance for my friends and me to ____35____ our own traditions and play at being grown-ups. 21. A. cautious B. astonished C. lucky D. clever 22. A. mature B. teenage C. fashionable D. strange 23. A. dropped out B. dropped in C. showed up D. showed off 24. A. broken B. forced C. separated D. united 25. A. secret B. long C. natural D. complete 26. A. hobbies B. traditions C. ceremonies D. rules 27. A. caught on B. took place C. broke out D. fell down 28. A. fancy B. expensive C. modest D. generous 29. A. repeat B. add C. search D. make 30. A. instantly B. literally C. eventually D. consequently 31. A. homes B. schools C. shelters D. offices 32. A. held on to B. gave way to C. catered to D. adapted to 33. A. salaries B. jobs C. kids D. families 34. A. rare B. practical C. inspiring D. cosy 35. A. create B. reform C. apply D. recognize 语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 Yangko, a rural Chinese folk dance with a history ___36___ (date) back thousands of years, originates from farming life in ancient times. The dance relates to sacrifices to the farmland god when people prayed for a good harvest. As time passed, the ___37___ (origin) dance developed, taking in various artistic forms and skills, including opera, acrobatics and martial arts, and eventually turned into the type of Yangko ___38___ is seen today. ___39___ (preserve) this Chinese folk culture, it was included in the inaugural(首批的)items of national intangible cultural heritage in 2006. It is ___40___ (common) performed in northern China during festivals, especially for Chinese New Year and the Lantern Festival. Performances or competitions ___41___ (organize) in towns and villages to express people’s joy and their hope for a better life. Yangko employs drumming, Suona, dancing and singing. Content is based ___42___ folk stories and legends. Costumes are richly-colored and opera-styled, enabling ___43___ (character) to be easily identified. During a performance, the actors will dance and sing, following lively rhythms. Highly skilled and interesting acts such as stilt(高跷)walking ___44___ carrying a wedding sedan chair(花轿)are also included. As a part of traditional Chinese culture, Yangko ____45____ (concentrate) the group consciousness of the Chinese people, and has outstanding historical and cultural value. 书面表达 46. 假如你是李华，刚结束了为期两周的英国交换生项目。学校英语报邀请你写一篇英语文章，分享你的见闻。内容包括：1．你的经历(学习、生活等)；2．你的感受。 注意：1．词数80左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Insights from a UK Exchange ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 In New England, a few years ago, a party of boys decided to start a grand sleigh (雪橇) ride. The sleigh was a large one, pulled by six gray horses. The next day, as the teacher entered the schoolroom, he found his students in high spirits, chattering excitedly about their journey. One of the boys recounted their trip and its various incidents. As he reached the end of his story, he exclaimed, “Oh sir, there was one thing I had almost forgotten. As we were coming home, we saw a strange sight on the road. It turned out to be a rust y old sleigh attached to a covered wagon (四轮运货车), moving at a very slow pace and taking up the entire road.” The boys had grown impatient with the slow-moving vehicle ahead of them and decided to take action. They threw snowballs at the wagon and shouted, making the old horse start to run quickly. The old man in the wagon cried out, asking why they were frightening his horse. A boy replied, “Why don’t you turn out, then?” and gave him three more loud cheers. His horse was frightened again and ran into a loaded wagon, almost making the old man fall over. The teacher listened carefully to the boy’s story before responding, “Take your seats, boys, and I will tell you a story about a sleigh ride, too.” Yesterday afternoon, a very elderly man was traveling from Boston to Salem to spend the winter at his son’s house. He had brought his wagon for the journey and his sleigh for the winter. His vision and hearing were not what they used to be due to his age. He was traveling slowly, as his horse was old and weak like himself. Suddenly, he was frightened by loud cheers and rapid snowballs hitting his wagon. In his panic, he dropped the reins and his horse ran wildly. Amidst his troubles, a large group of boys in a sleigh pulled by six horses rushed past him, shouting and demanding that he give them the road. 注意：续写词数应为150左右;请按如下格式作答。 Paragraph1 The old man begged them not to frighten his horse. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph2 The boys listened quietly, reflecting on their actions. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$