精品解析：2024年山东省淄博市淄川区中考二模英语试题

初四英语试题 2024.05 本试卷共8页，六个大题。满分90分，考试时间100分钟。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 注意事项： 1 .答题前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将区县、学校、姓名、考试号、座号填写在答题卡和试卷规定位置，并核对条形码。 2 .选择题选出答案后，用2B 铅笔涂黑答题卡对应题目的答案标号；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后 ，再选涂其他答案标号。 3 .非选择题必须用0.5 毫米黑色签字笔作答 ，字体工整、笔迹清晰，写在答题卡各题目指定区域内；如需改动 ，先划掉原来答案，然后再写上新答案。严禁使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带修改。 4.保证答题卡清洁、完整，严禁折叠，严禁在答题卡上做任何标记。 5.评分以答题卡上的答案为依据。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 一、 完形填空 (共10小题,满分10分) 阅读下面短文，从各题A、B、C、D中选出一个能填入文章中相应空白处的最佳答案。 Beatrix Potter, the creator of Peter Rabbit, was a nature lover. Born into a ___1___ family in 1866, Beatrix lived in a large house in London. At that time, many girls didn’t go to school. Beatrix’s parents found her a teacher so that she could ___2___ at home. When her little brother Bertram went away to school, Beatrix was ___3___. She had no friends to play with, ___4___ she spent a lot of time drawing. Each summer, the Potter family went to the countryside where Beatrix and Bertram could play ___5___. They explored (探索) the forests and ran through grassland. All the time, they drew what they saw. They even caught small animals and kept some ___6___ pets. After growing up, Beatrix wrote a letter to a sick child named Noel. She wanted to ___7___ Noel. So, she drew pictures and wrote a story about her ___8___. Later, she made the story into a book called The Tale of Peter Rabbit. Beatrix then moved to Hill Top Farm, where she wrote other books. She also became a skilled ___9___ and drew lovely pictures of nature. In all, Beatrix wrote over 20 excellent books for children. Beatrix loved the countryside very much and bought a lot of land to protect it. She died in 1943, but she left her land to the government. Today this land is still under the ____10____ of the government. People can even visit the farm where she once lived. 1. A. modern B. poor C. rich D. crazy 2. A. sleep B. play C. work D. study 3. A. lonely B. tired C. happy D. relaxed 4. A. if B. so C. though D. because 5. A. wisely B. quietly C. freely D. quickly 6. A. as B. for C. from D. into 7. A. agree with B. hear from C. cheer up D. look after 8. A. parents B. friends C. photos D. rabbits 9. A. artist B. teacher C. guide D. writer 10. A. pressure B. discussion C. influence D. protection 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. C 6. A 7. C 8. D 9. A 10. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了《彼得兔》的作者Beatrix Potter。 【1题详解】 句意：Beatrix1866年出生在一个富裕的家庭，住在伦敦的一所大房子里。 modern现代的；poor贫穷的；rich富裕的；crazy疯狂的。根据“Beatrix lived in a large house in London.”可知，她家庭富裕，故选C。 【2题详解】 句意：Beatrix的父母给她找了一位老师，这样她就可以在家学习了。 sleep睡觉；play玩；work工作；study学习。根据“found her a teacher”可知，她父母给她找了一老师，帮助她在家学习，故选D。 【3题详解】 句意：当她的弟弟Bertram去上学时，Beatrix感到孤独。 lonely孤独的；tired疲惫的；happy开心的；relaxed放松的。根据“She had no friends to play with,”可知，她一个人很孤独，故选A。 【4题详解】 句意：她没有朋友一起玩，所以她花了很多时间画画。 if如果；so所以；though尽管；because因为。前后句是因果关系，前因后果，故选B。 【5题详解】 句意：每年夏天，Potter一家都会去乡下，在那里Beatrix和Bertram可以自由地玩耍。 wisely明智地；quietly安静地；freely自由地；quickly快速地。根据“the Potter family went to the countryside”可知，他们在乡下可以自由地玩耍，故选C。 【6题详解】 句意：他们甚至抓了一些小动物，养了一些当宠物。 as作为；for为了；from从；into进入。根据“kept some...pets.”可知，他们养了一些动物作为宠物，故选A。 【7题详解】 句意：她想让Noel高兴起来。 agree with同意；hear from收到来信；cheer up使振作；look after照顾。根据“Beatrix wrote a letter to a sick child named Noel.”可知，Noel生病了，所以她写信是为了让他振作起来，故选C。 【8题详解】 句意：所以，她画了一些画，写了一个关于她的兔子的故事。 parents父母；friends朋友；photos照片；rabbits兔子。根据“The Tale of Peter Rabbit”可知，和兔子有关，故选D。 【9题详解】 句意：她也成为了一名熟练的艺术家，画出了可爱的自然画。 artist艺术家；teacher老师；guide导游；writer作者。根据“drew lovely pictures of nature”可知，艺术家画画，故选A。 【10题详解】 句意：今天这片土地仍在政府的保护之下。 pressure压力；discussion讨论；influence影响；protection保护。根据“People can even visit the farm where she once lived.”可知，她买的土地现在仍在政府的保护之下。故选D。 二、阅读理解(共16小题，满分32分) 阅读短文A、B，从每题所给的选项中选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案。 A Have you ever experienced a quiet carriage (车厢) while traveling by high-speed train? And what will it be like to take a silent train? According to China State Railway Group, some high-speed train lines, including the Beijing-Shanghai, Beijing-Guangzhou and Chengdu-Chongqing lines, have introduced quiet carriage services. People can choose quiet carriages when buying train tickets on 12306.cn. Trains with quiet carriages have a “quiet” character as a sign. If you want a ticket for a quiet carriage, you can choose “Please find me a quiet carriage seat first.” After buying a quiet carriage ticket, passengers will receive a friendly reminder. “Passengers in quiet carriages are expected to follow the rules:keep silent, wear earphones when listening to music, set phone s to silent mode, leave the carriage when making or receiving calls, and make sure children are well-behaved to avoid disturbing (打扰) others.” To further create a quiet environment, the speakers in the quiet carriages are lowered to 30% to 40% of the standard volume (音量 ). Besides, the meal service workers won’t introduce products in the quiet carriages. If passengers need the service, they can scan the QR code (二维码) on the seat to order food. The workers will send their meals to them in time. Actually, many high-speed trains don’t have quiet carriages. But it doesn’t mean passengers are free to create noise. Though it’s hard to be completely quiet on trains, people should respect her passengers by not disturbing them in any other way. 11. How does the writer start the passage? A. By showing numbers. B. By asking questions. C. By making comparisons. D. By telling stories. 12. What is the third paragraph mainly about? A. Ways to buy a quiet carriage ticket. B. Rules to follow in a quiet carriage. C. Things not allowed in a quiet carriage. D. Passengers allowed in a quiet carriage. 13. What can be the best title for the passage? A. High-speed trains in China B. Meal services on high-speed trains C. Quiet carriages on high-speed trains D. The rules in quiet carriages 【答案】11. B 12. B 13. C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了高铁上的静音车厢，介绍了这种车厢的订票方式、乘客在静音车厢需要遵守的规则以及乘务员所提供的服务。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Have you ever experienced a quiet carriage (车厢) while traveling by high-speed train? And what will it be like to take a silent train?”可知，作者通过问问题开始文章的，故选B。 【12题详解】 段落大意题。根据“Passengers in quiet carriages are expected to follow the rules”可知，第三段介绍了在安静的车厢里要遵守的规则。故选B。 【13题详解】 最佳标题题。文章主要介绍了高铁上的静音车厢，介绍了这种车厢的订票方式、乘客在静音车厢需要遵守的规则以及乘务员所提供的服务，所以选项C“高铁上安静的车厢”为标题最合适。故选C。 B This was my story. Every year on my birthday, from the time I turned 12, a white gardenia (栀子花) was sent to my house. No card or note came with it. But I never stopped imagining who the giver might be. My mother helped me to imagine. She’d ask me if I had been kind to someone else. Perhaps, it was the neighbor I helped. Or maybe it was the old man across the street whose mail I picked up during the winter, so he wouldn’t have to walk down the slippery (滑的) steps. As a teenager, though, I had more fun guessing that it might be a boy I liked. One month before my high-school graduation my father passed away. I was so grieved that I became completely uninterested in my upcoming graduation, the senior-class play and the prom (舞会). But my mother didn’t want me to miss any of those things. Before my father died,my mother and I had gone shopping for a prom dress. We found a really nice one, but it was the wrong size. After my father died, I forgot about the dress. My mother didn’t . The day before the prom, I found that beautiful dress in the right size on the sofa in the living room. My mother wanted me to feel loved, believing that there was magic in the world and beauty in the face of hard times. Actually my mother wanted me to be like the gardenia—lovely, strong and perfect. My mother died ten days after I was married. I was 26. That was the year the gardenias stopped coming. 14. According to Paragraph 1, which words can best describe the author? A. Smart and funny. B. Beautiful and lovely. C. Friendly and helpful. D. Strong and independent. 15. What does the underlined word “grieved” probably mean? A Sad. B. Tired. C. Scared. D. Angry. 16. What did that beautiful prom dress mean to the author? A. It represented her own courage. B. It represented her father’s memory. C. It represented her dreams for the future. D. It represented her mother’s love and care. 17. Why didn’t the author get a gardenia after the age of 26? A. She got married. B. The giver passed away. C. The giver didn’t know her new address. D. Her husband didn’t like this kind of flower. 【答案】14. C 15. A 16. D 17. B 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了作者的妈妈通过匿名方式每年生日的时候给她寄一束白色的栀子花，让女儿感受到被人关爱的幸福，即使爸爸离开了她们，但妈妈仍然希望自己的孩子幸福。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Perhaps, it was the neighbor I helped. Or maybe it was the old man across the street whose mail I picked up during the winter, so he wouldn’t have to walk down the slippery (滑的) steps.”可知，作者会帮助自己的邻居，街道对面的老人，由此可知作者是个友好和乐于助人的人。故选C。 【15题详解】 词句猜测题。根据“One month before my high-school graduation, my father passed away.”可知，父亲去世了，作者的心情是很悲伤的。故选A。 【16题详解】 细节理解题。根据“My mother wanted me to feel loved, believing that there was magic in the world and beauty in the face of hard times.”可知，漂亮的舞会礼服对作者来说意味着妈妈的爱。故选D。 【17题详解】 推理判断题。根据“My mother died ten days after I was married. I was 26. That was the year the gardenias stopped coming.(我母亲在我结婚十天后去世了。那时我26岁。那一年栀子花不再来了)”和全文可知，栀子花是作者妈妈每年寄过来的，26岁那年妈妈去世，因此再也不会收到栀子花了。故选B。 C 根据短文内容，从短文后面选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。其中有一项为多余项。 In Chongqing, more subway lines are rolling out to the rural areas around the city, particularly Line 4, known as the “Vegetable Basket Line”. It connects the city’s northeast Shichuan town to the city center. ___18___ Since its opening in 2022, it has offered local farmers near the town more ways to sell their vegetables. Every morning around 6 o’clock, the Shichuan town station is crowded with farmers. They carry baskets filled with fresh vegetables on their backs, or use shoulder poles (扁担) to carry the baskets. ___19___T o help the farmers, now it opens five minutes earlier every day. The workers at the station also help as much as possible: helping with the baskets, guiding the farmers to use the elevators, and helping them enter the station quickly and orderly. In Chongqing, local people over the age of 65 can take the subway for free. An elderly couple in their 80s used to go to the city center to sell vegetables by bus. It took them more than one hour as they had to take several buses. ___20___ According to the couple, they can get to the city center in less than 30 minutes by taking the subway. ___21___ Ye Shanju, a farmer from Maliu village in Shizhu town, has her own orange orchard (果园). During the Spring Festival, she carried 70 to 80 kilograms of oranges every day to catch the first train to downtown. A. Now they take the subway to sell vegetables every morning. B. It has a total length of 32.8 kilometers and 15 stations. C. The oranges can be sold at higher prices in the city. D. And they can sell out all their vegetables in less than three hours E. The station used to open at 6:15 am. 【答案】18. B 19. E 20. A 21. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了重庆地铁四号线为农民到市中心卖菜提供了便利。 【18题详解】 根据“In Chongqing, more subway lines are rolling out to the rural areas around the city, particularly Line 4, known as the ‘Vegetable Basket Line’.”可知，此处介绍了这条被称为“菜篮子线”的四号线，选项B“它全长32.8公里，有15个站点。”符合语境，故选B。 【19题详解】 根据“To help the farmers, now it opens five minutes earlier every day.”可知，介绍地铁站开门的时间，选项E“车站过去是早上6点15分开门。”符合语境，故选E。 【20题详解】 根据“An elderly couple in their 80s used to go to the city center to sell vegetables by bus”可知，介绍一对夫妇过去常常坐公共汽车去市中心卖菜。选项A“现在他们每天早上乘地铁去卖蔬菜。”符合语境，故选A。 【21题详解】 根据“According to the couple, they can get to the city center in less than 30 minutes by taking the subway.”可知，现在他们乘坐地铁不到30分钟就能到达市中心。选项D“他们可以在不到三个小时的时间里卖光所有的蔬菜”符合语境，故选D。 D 阅读下面材料，将1—5小题中五位学生喜欢吃的食物与喜欢的原因A—E 进行匹配。 ___22___. I come from Chongqıng. I like to have hot pot when I’m feeling blue. ___23___. I’m a student from Jinan, Shandong. My comfort food is mutton soup. ___24___. I’m from Harbin. I like to have a barbecue with my family when I’m in low spirits. ___25___. I’m studying in Suzhou. In winter, I enjoy a cup or warm milk tea once in a while. ___26___. I live in Taiyuan, Shanxi. Eating noodles can bring me simple pleasure. A. I sometimes have no appetite (食欲) on cold days, but I still want to have something to warm my stomach. The sweet drink is a good choice. I feel happy when I have it. What’s more, my hands are always cold. It can also warm my hands. B. We like to have it in our yard. I always help cook it. Though it takes much time to prepare for it, I never feel upset. Seeing the food being lightly smoked on the metal frame (支架), I feel relaxed. Watching my family eat the food I’ve made gives me a sense of achievement. C. I like to make them for my family. They’re easy to cook. I just need to boil some water and add some eggs into it. Two minutes later, I put noodles into the water and add some vegetables and ingredients. Every time I cook noodles for my parents, they feel so happy. They’re a symbol of love in my family. D. I like to have it, especially in winter. And my mother is good at cooking it. The mutton is cooked in the flavorful broth (高汤) with onions, garlic, ginger, and spices. Then the soup is garnished with cilantro (香菜叶) and served hot. After I have it, my whole body warms up. E. I like to have it with my family. It’s relaxing. My parents always give me my favorite food, and tell me to be careful of hot food. Foods in the pot like beef, mutton and potatoes taste spicy (辣的) and delicious. At the same time, I feel family’s love. And my bad feelings go away. 【答案】22. E 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是将五位学生喜欢吃的食物与喜欢的原因进行匹配。 【22题详解】 根据“I come from Chongqıng. I like to have hot pot when I’m feeling blue.”可知，我来自重庆，我心情不好的时候喜欢吃火锅。选项E“我喜欢和家人一起吃。它是放松的。我的父母总是给我我最喜欢的食物，并告诉我要小心辣的食物。锅里的食物，比如牛肉、羊肉和土豆，味道辛辣可口。同时，我感受到了家人的爱。我的坏心情就会消失。”与之匹配，故选E。 【23题详解】 根据“I’m a student from Jinan, Shandong. My comfort food is mutton soup.”可知，我是来自山东济南的学生，我的安慰食物是羊肉汤。选项D“我喜欢吃，尤其是在冬天。我妈妈很擅长烹饪。羊肉是用洋葱、大蒜、姜和香料在美味的肉汤里煮熟的。然后用香菜点缀汤，趁热上桌。吃了之后，我全身都暖和起来了。”与之匹配，故选D。 【24题详解】 根据“I’m from Harbin. I like to have a barbecue with my family when I’m in low spirits”可知，我是哈尔滨人，当我情绪低落时，我喜欢和家人一起烧烤。选项B“我们喜欢在我们的院子里。我总是帮忙烹饪。虽然要花很多时间来准备，但我从不感到沮丧。看到食物在金属架子上轻轻熏过，我感到很放松。看着我的家人吃着我做的食物，我有一种成就感。”与之匹配，故选B。 【25题详解】 根据“I’m studying in Suzhou. In winter, I enjoy a cup or warm milk tea once in a while.”可知，我在苏州学习，在冬天，我偶尔会喝一杯或喝一杯温热的奶茶。选项A“天冷的时候我有时没有胃口，但我还是想吃点东西暖胃。这种甜饮料是个不错的选择。当我拥有它时，我感到快乐。更重要的是，我的手总是冷的。它也可以温暖我的手。”与之匹配，故选A。 【26题详解】 根据“I live in Taiyuan, Shanxi. Eating noodles can bring me simple pleasure.”可知，我住在山西太原。吃面条能给我带来简单的快乐。选项C“我喜欢为我的家人做。它们很容易烹饪。我只需要烧开一些水，然后加一些鸡蛋进去。两分钟后，我把面条放进水里，加入一些蔬菜和配料。每次我给父母煮面，他们都很开心。它们是我们家爱的象征。”与之匹配，故选C。 三、 选词填空 (共10小题,满分10分) 根据短文内容，选择适当的单词填空，使短文意思完整。每个选项只用一次，有两项多余。 up successful few feed fishing more suit finally suggestion surprise possible children There was once a businessman who was sitting by the beach in a small Italian village. As he sat, he saw a fisherman rowing a small boat back. to the shore (岸边). In the boat were some large fish, the businessman asked the fisherman, “How long did it take you to catch so many fish?” “Oh, not so long,” replied the fisherman. “Why don’t you fish for longer to catch even ___27___”, the businessman continued. “More? This is enough to ___28___ my whole family and even offer some to my neighbors.” “So what do you do for the rest of your day?” asked the businessman. “Well, I usually wake up early in the morning, go out to sea and catch enough fish, then go back home and play with my ___29___. In the afternoon, I take a nap, and when evening comes, I join my friends in the village for a drink. We play the guitar, sing and dance throughout the night.” The businessman then offered a ___30___ to the fisherman. “I’m an expert in business! I can help you become much more ___31___. From now on, you should spend longer at sea and catch as much fish as ___32___. When you’we saved enough money, buy a bigger boat to catch even more fish. From there, you’ll soon be able to buy more boats and set ___33___ your own company.” The fisherman asked, “And after that?” The businessman laughed and said, “After that, you can take your company public (上市的) and be richer!” “And after that?” asked the fisherman once more. “After that, you can ___34___ retire. You can move to a house by the sea, wake up early in the morning to go ___35___, then return home to play with your kids, take a nap in the afternoon and join your friends for a drink, play the guitar, sing and dance throughout the night!” The fisherman replied in ____36____, “But isn’t that what I’m doing now?” 【答案】27. more 28. feed 29. children 30. suggestion 31. successful 32. possible 33. up 34. finally 35. fishing 36. surprise 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了一个商人和渔夫故事，通过这个故事告诉了我们：珍惜当下，享受生活。 【27题详解】 句意：“你为什么不钓得久一点，钓得更多呢？”，商人继续说。“even”后跟比较级；结合“More?”可知，此处是指更多的鱼。故填more。 【28题详解】 句意：“更多吗？这足够我全家吃了，甚至还可以给我的邻居们提供一些。”根据“my whole family”可知，备选词feed“养活” 符合语境，表示“养活全家”。故填feed。 【29题详解】 句意：嗯，我通常一大早醒来，出海钓到足够的鱼，然后回家和我的孩子们一起玩。根据“then return home to play with your kids,”可知，是陪孩子们玩。children“孩子们”符合语境。故填children。 【30题详解】 句意：商人给了渔夫一个建议。根据“The businessman then offered a...to the fisherman.”可知，空处填入单数名词，备选词suggestion符合语境，表示“建议”。故填suggestion。 【31题详解】 句意：我可以帮你更成功。“become”后跟形容词作表语；备选词successful“成功的”符合语境，表示“变得更成功”。故填successful。 【32题详解】 句意：从现在开始，你应该在海上多待些时间，尽可能多地抓鱼。as...as possible表示“尽可能地……”，固定短语。故填possible。 【33题详解】 句意：从那里，你很快就能买更多的船，成立自己的公司。”根据“From there, you’ll soon be able to buy more boats and set...your own company.”可知，备选单词set up“建立”符合语境，set up one’s company“建立某人的公司”。故填up。 【34题详解】 句意：然后，你最终就可以退休了。根据前文可知，商人建议渔夫在退休前需要干很多事：花更多时间在大海上，捕捉尽可能多的鱼；存够了钱，买一艘更大的船来捕捉更多的鱼；买更多的船，建立自己的公司；公司上市，最后再退休，因此备选单词finally“最终的”符合语境。故填finally。 【35题详解】 句意：你可以搬到海边的房子里，一大早起来去钓鱼。根据“go”可知，go后面通常接动词ing形式，表示去做某项活动，备选单词fishing“钓鱼”符合语境，go fishing“去钓鱼”。故填fishing。 【36题详解】 句意：渔夫惊讶地回答说：“但这不正是我现在正在做的吗？”根据前文可知，商人所描绘的退休生活，和渔夫现在的生活是一样的，所以渔夫是很惊讶的。in surprise“惊讶地”。故填surprise。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当内容或用括号内单词的正确形式填空(每空不多于3个单词)。 Seven-year-old Maggie Kuznia loves books, but she loves sharing the stories she has read even more. Once or ___37___ (two) a week, the little girl visits the elderly at Good Samaritan Society in Minnesota. By ___38___ (offer) to read a book to the old people living there, she has not only made progress in storytelling, but also made many new friends. How did Maggie get into the habit? ___39___ (actual), Maggie’s mom, Tiffany Kuznia, works at Good Samaritan Society. She usually takes her daughter with her to work. On a snowy day, Maggie made a decision. She put some books instead of her game player into her bag. She announced in ___40___ (excite) she was going to read to those old people. With time, Maggie has become so popular ___41___ the old people that she even has “regulars (常客)” she reads to every week. She often stays with each one for an hour. To Maggie’s delight (高兴), they are always willing to spend more time with her. She is regarded ___42___ a granddaughter of their own. Maggie ___43___ (do) the sweet work for nearly a year and become confident of her reading ability. “She’s such a good little reader,”said Patti Griggs, one of Maggie’s ___44___ (listen). “I used to teach first-grade kids how to read. There were very few children ___45___ could read like her.”Maggie says she will encourage other kids of her age ____46____ (read) to the elderly. 【答案】37. twice 38. offering 39. Actually 40. excitement 41. with 42. as 43. has done 44. listeners 45. that##who 46. to read 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了小女孩麦琪非常爱读书，而且喜欢给老人读书，并希望通过自己的行动鼓励他人给老人读书。 【37题详解】 句意：小女孩每周会去明尼苏达州的好撒玛利亚人协会看望老人一两次。空处应填入频度副词twice“两次”，与“Once”形式一致。故填twice。 【38题详解】 句意：通过给住在那里的老人读书，她不仅在讲故事方面有了进步，而且结交了许多新朋友。介词“By”后跟动名词形式。故填offering。 【39题详解】 句意：事实上，麦琪的妈妈，蒂芙尼·库兹尼亚，在好撒玛利亚人协会工作。分析句子可知，空处修饰整个句子，需用副词形式actually表示“事实上”。故填Actually。 【40题详解】 句意：她兴奋地宣布她要给那些老人读书。in excitement“兴奋地”，固定短语。故填excitement。 【41题详解】 句意：随着时间的推移，麦琪变得很受老年人的欢迎，她甚至每周都有听她读书的“常客”。become popular with“变得受欢迎”。故填with。 【42题详解】 句意：她被看作是他们自己的孙女。be regarded as意为“被视为……”，固定短语。故填as。 【43题详解】 句意：麦琪已经做了将近一年的甜蜜工作，对自己的阅读能力充满了信心。根据“for nearly a year”可知，本句是现在完成时(have/has done)，主语是单数，助动词用has，do的过去分词为done。故填has done。 【44题详解】 句意：“她是一个很好小读者，”麦琪的听众帕蒂·格里格斯说。根据“She’s such a good little reader,”可知，麦琪是读者，说话人就是听众，其英文为listener；one of后跟名词复数。故填listeners。 【45题详解】 句意：很少有孩子能像她那样读书。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，且先行词是人，在从句中作主语，用that/who作引导词。故填that/who。 【46题详解】 句意：麦琪说，她会鼓励其他同龄的孩子给老人读书。encourage sb to do“鼓励某人做某事”，空处是动词不定式作宾补。故填to read。 五、阅读表达 (共5小题，满分10分) 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答下列问题。 In many countries of the world people are saying, “We must do something about our rubbish. We don’t want our world to become one big landfill site (垃圾填埋场).” In Ireland, the government were very worried about plastic bags so they decided to make people pay for them. Since 2002 Irish people have been paying for the bags they take home from the shops. Of course, they soon stopped buying new bags and started taking bags with them when shopping. Some countries have made even bigger changes. In 2006, the people of Zanzibar decided to stop making plastic bags. They were worried the bags were killing fish and sea animals. They also said nobody could bring plastic bags into the county. Soon there were no plastic bags in the county. One of the most exciting recycling ideas is Freecycle. It has grown around the world. People join a Freecycle group because they are looking for things or have things that they want to give to other people. Perhaps they have a chair they do not need any more, or they want a camera. They leave a message on the Internet to tell people what they want or what they are going to give. Nobody buys or sells anything—people give things to other people who want them. It is a good idea because it recycles useful things. Recycling is important and sometimes it is exciting too Using less and reusing are also important answers to the problem of rubbish. 47. What did the Ireland government ask people to do? _________________________________ 48. Why are there no plastic bags in Zanzibar? _________________________________ 49. Why is Freecycle a good idea? _________________________________ 50. What’s the writer’s attitude (态度) about recycling? _________________________________ 51. What’s your answer to the problem of rubbish? _________________________________ 【答案】47. They decided to pay for plastic bags. 48. Because people were worried the bags were killing fish and sea animals, and they stopped making plastic bags. 49. Because it recycles useful things. 50. Recycling is important and sometimes it is exciting too. 51. We should use less plastic bags and reuse useful things. 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了各个国家为减少垃圾所做的贡献，着重介绍Freecycle这个组织。 【47题详解】 根据“In Ireland the government were very worried about plastic bags so they decided to make people pay for them.”可知，爱尔兰政府要求人们为塑料袋付费。故填They asked them to pay for plastic bags. 【48题详解】 根据“In 2006, the people of Zanzibar decided to stop making plastic bags. They were worried the bags were killing fish and sea animals.”可知，因为人们担心塑料袋会杀死鱼类和海洋动物，并且停止生产塑料袋。故填Because people were worried the bags were killing fish and sea animals, and they stopped making plastic bags. 【49题详解】 根据“It is a good idea because it recycles useful things.”可知，Freecycle是个好主意是因为能够循环利用有用的东西。故填Because it recycles useful things. 【50题详解】 根据“Recycling is important and sometimes it is exciting too.”可知，回收利用很重要，有时也很令人兴奋。故填Recycling is important and sometimes it is exciting too. 【51题详解】 此题是开放性试题，答案合情合理即可。参考答案为：We should use less plastic bags and reuse useful things. 六、书面表达 (共1小题，满分18分) 52. 假设你拥有属于自己的一部手机，请写一篇100词左右的英语短文，介绍一下你课余时间用手机做什么，并谈谈手机对学习和日常生活的影响。 要 求： 1.内容包含题目要点，可适当再发挥； 2.语言准确，语句通顺，表达连贯； 3.书写认真规范，词数100词左右。 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 The mobile phone is becoming more and more important in our lives. The mobile phone is very useful and helpful to me. At home I often use it to search for information, relax, listen to music, read books, talk with my classmates, report my study to teachers by WeChat and so on. Today, more and more students are using the APPs on their mobile phones to help with their homework. When students bring mobile phones to school, mobile phones will hinder their studies. When students are having classes, their mobile phones ring, which will affect the class. Long time use of mobile phones is harmful to their health. I don’t think we should take mobile phones to school. We should use mobile phones properly. 【解析】 【详解】[总体分析] ① 题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ③ 提示：根据所给提示完成写作，注意标点符号及大小写等问题，不要犯语法错误，可适当发挥。 [写作步骤] 第一步，介绍一下你课余时间用手机做什么； 第二步，谈谈手机对学习和日常生活的影响； 第三步，最后表达总结。 [亮点词汇] ① search for寻找 ② help sb with sth帮助某人做某事 ③ be harmful to对……有害 [高分句型] ①When students bring mobile phones to school, mobile phones will hinder their studies（时间状语从句） ②I don’t think we should take mobile phones to school.（宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 初四英语试题 2024.05 本试卷共8页，六个大题。满分90分，考试时间100分钟。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 注意事项： 1 .答题前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将区县、学校、姓名、考试号、座号填写在答题卡和试卷规定位置，并核对条形码。 2 .选择题选出答案后，用2B 铅笔涂黑答题卡对应题目的答案标号；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后 ，再选涂其他答案标号。 3 .非选择题必须用0.5 毫米黑色签字笔作答 ，字体工整、笔迹清晰，写在答题卡各题目指定区域内；如需改动 ，先划掉原来答案，然后再写上新答案。严禁使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带修改。 4.保证答题卡清洁、完整，严禁折叠，严禁在答题卡上做任何标记。 5.评分以答题卡上的答案为依据。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 一、 完形填空 (共10小题,满分10分) 阅读下面短文，从各题A、B、C、D中选出一个能填入文章中相应空白处的最佳答案。 Beatrix Potter, the creator of Peter Rabbit, was a nature lover. Born into a ___1___ family in 1866, Beatrix lived in a large house in London. At that time, many girls didn’t go to school. Beatrix’s parents found her a teacher so that she could ___2___ at home. When her little brother Bertram went away to school, Beatrix was ___3___. She had no friends to play with, ___4___ she spent a lot of time drawing. Each summer, the Potter family went to the countryside where Beatrix and Bertram could play ___5___. They explored (探索) the forests and ran through grassland. All the time, they drew what they saw. They even caught small animals and kept some ___6___ pets. After growing up, Beatrix wrote a letter to a sick child named Noel. She wanted to ___7___ Noel. So, she drew pictures and wrote a story about her ___8___. Later, she made the story into a book called The Tale of Peter Rabbit. Beatrix then moved to Hill Top Farm, where she wrote other books. She also became a skilled ___9___ and drew lovely pictures of nature. In all, Beatrix wrote over 20 excellent books for children. Beatrix loved the countryside very much and bought a lot of land to protect it. She died in 1943, but she left her land to the government. Today this land is still under the ____10____ of the government. People can even visit the farm where she once lived. 1. A. modern B. poor C. rich D. crazy 2. A. sleep B. play C. work D. study 3. A. lonely B. tired C. happy D. relaxed 4. A. if B. so C. though D. because 5. A. wisely B. quietly C. freely D. quickly 6. A. as B. for C. from D. into 7. A. agree with B. hear from C. cheer up D. look after 8. A. parents B. friends C. photos D. rabbits 9. A. artist B. teacher C. guide D. writer 10. A. pressure B. discussion C. influence D. protection 二、阅读理解(共16小题，满分32分) 阅读短文A、B，从每题所给的选项中选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案。 A Have you ever experienced a quiet carriage (车厢) while traveling by high-speed train? And what will it be like to take a silent train? According to China State Railway Group, some high-speed train lines, including the Beijing-Shanghai, Beijing-Guangzhou and Chengdu-Chongqing lines, have introduced quiet carriage services. People can choose quiet carriages when buying train tickets on 12306.cn. Trains with quiet carriages have a “quiet” character as a sign. If you want a ticket for a quiet carriage, you can choose “Please find me a quiet carriage seat first.” After buying a quiet carriage ticket, passengers will receive a friendly reminder. “Passengers in quiet carriages are expected to follow the rules:keep silent, wear earphones when listening to music, set phone s to silent mode, leave the carriage when making or receiving calls, and make sure children are well-behaved to avoid disturbing (打扰) others.” To further create a quiet environment, the speakers in the quiet carriages are lowered to 30% to 40% of the standard volume (音量 ). Besides, the meal service workers won’t introduce products in the quiet carriages. If passengers need the service, they can scan the QR code (二维码) on the seat to order food. The workers will send their meals to them in time. Actually, many high-speed trains don’t have quiet carriages. But it doesn’t mean passengers are free to create noise. Though it’s hard to be completely quiet on trains, people should respect her passengers by not disturbing them in any other way. 11. How does the writer start the passage? A. By showing numbers. B. By asking questions. C. By making comparisons. D. By telling stories. 12 What is the third paragraph mainly about? A. Ways to buy a quiet carriage ticket. B. Rules to follow in a quiet carriage. C. Things not allowed in a quiet carriage. D. Passengers allowed in a quiet carriage. 13. What can be the best title for the passage? A. High-speed trains in China B. Meal services on high-speed trains C Quiet carriages on high-speed trains D. The rules in quiet carriages B This was my story. Every year on my birthday, from the time I turned 12, a white gardenia (栀子花) was sent to my house. No card or note came with it. But I never stopped imagining who the giver might be. My mother helped me to imagine. She’d ask me if I had been kind to someone else. Perhaps, it was the neighbor I helped. Or maybe it was the old man across the street whose mail I picked up during the winter, so he wouldn’t have to walk down the slippery (滑的) steps. As a teenager, though, I had more fun guessing that it might be a boy I liked. One month before my high-school graduation, my father passed away. I was so grieved that I became completely uninterested in my upcoming graduation, the senior-class play and the prom (舞会). But my mother didn’t want me to miss any of those things. Before my father died,my mother and I had gone shopping for a prom dress. We found a really nice one, but it was the wrong size. After my father died, I forgot about the dress. My mother didn’t . The day before the prom, I found that beautiful dress in the right size on the sofa in the living room. My mother wanted me to feel loved, believing that there was magic in the world and beauty in the face of hard times. Actually my mother wanted me to be like the gardenia—lovely, strong and perfect. My mother died ten days after I was married. I was 26. That was the year the gardenias stopped coming. 14. According to Paragraph 1, which words can best describe the author? A. Smart and funny. B. Beautiful and lovely. C. Friendly and helpful. D. Strong and independent. 15. What does the underlined word “grieved” probably mean? A. Sad. B. Tired. C. Scared. D. Angry. 16. What did that beautiful prom dress mean to the author? A. It represented her own courage. B. It represented her father’s memory. C. It represented her dreams for the future. D. It represented her mother’s love and care. 17. Why didn’t the author get a gardenia after the age of 26? A. She got married. B. The giver passed away. C. The giver didn’t know her new address. D. Her husband didn’t like this kind of flower. C 根据短文内容，从短文后面选项中选出能填入空白处最佳选项。其中有一项为多余项。 In Chongqing, more subway lines are rolling out to the rural areas around the city, particularly Line 4, known as the “Vegetable Basket Line”. It connects the city’s northeast Shichuan town to the city center. ___18___ Since its opening in 2022, it has offered local farmers near the town more ways to sell their vegetables. Every morning around 6 o’clock, the Shichuan town station is crowded with farmers. They carry baskets filled with fresh vegetables on their backs, or use shoulder poles (扁担) to carry the baskets. ___19___T o help the farmers, now it opens five minutes earlier every day. The workers at the station also help as much as possible: helping with the baskets, guiding the farmers to use the elevators, and helping them enter the station quickly and orderly. In Chongqing, local people over the age of 65 can take the subway for free. An elderly couple in their 80s used to go to the city center to sell vegetables by bus. It took them more than one hour as they had to take several buses. ___20___ According to the couple, they can get to the city center in less than 30 minutes by taking the subway. ___21___ Ye Shanju, a farmer from Maliu village in Shizhu town, has her own orange orchard (果园). During the Spring Festival, she carried 70 to 80 kilograms of oranges every day to catch the first train to downtown. A. Now they take the subway to sell vegetables every morning. B. It has a total length of 32.8 kilometers and 15 stations. C. The oranges can be sold at higher prices in the city. D. And they can sell out all their vegetables in less than three hours E. The station used to open at 6:15 am. D 阅读下面材料，将1—5小题中五位学生喜欢吃的食物与喜欢的原因A—E 进行匹配。 ___22___. I come from Chongqıng. I like to have hot pot when I’m feeling blue. ___23___. I’m a student from Jinan, Shandong. My comfort food is mutton soup. ___24___. I’m from Harbin. I like to have a barbecue with my family when I’m in low spirits. ___25___. I’m studying in Suzhou. In winter, I enjoy a cup or warm milk tea once in a while. ___26___. I live in Taiyuan, Shanxi. Eating noodles can bring me simple pleasure. A. I sometimes have no appetite (食欲) on cold days, but I still want to have something to warm my stomach. The sweet drink is a good choice. I feel happy when I have it. What’s more, my hands are always cold. It can also warm my hands. B. We like to have it in our yard. I always help cook it. Though it takes much time to prepare for it, I never feel upset. Seeing the food being lightly smoked on the metal frame (支架), I feel relaxed. Watching my family eat the food I’ve made gives me a sense of achievement. C. I like to make them for my family. They’re easy to cook. I just need to boil some water and add some eggs into it. Two minutes later, I put noodles into the water and add some vegetables and ingredients. Every time I cook noodles for my parents, they feel so happy. They’re a symbol of love in my family. D. I like to have it, especially in winter. And my mother is good at cooking it. The mutton is cooked in the flavorful broth (高汤) with onions, garlic, ginger, and spices. Then the soup is garnished with cilantro (香菜叶) and served hot. After I have it, my whole body warms up. E. I like to have it with my family. It’s relaxing. My parents always give me my favorite food, and tell me to be careful of hot food. Foods in the pot like beef, mutton and potatoes taste spicy (辣的) and delicious. At the same time, I feel family’s love. And my bad feelings go away. 三、 选词填空 (共10小题,满分10分) 根据短文内容，选择适当的单词填空，使短文意思完整。每个选项只用一次，有两项多余。 up successful few feed fishing more suit finally suggestion surprise possible children There was once a businessman who was sitting by the beach in a small Italian village. As he sat, he saw a fisherman rowing a small boat back. to the shore (岸边). In the boat were some large fish, the businessman asked the fisherman, “How long did it take you to catch so many fish?” “Oh, not so long,” replied the fisherman. “Why don’t you fish for longer to catch even ___27___”, the businessman continued. “More? This is enough to ___28___ my whole family and even offer some to my neighbors” “So what do you do for the rest of your day?” asked the businessman. “Well, I usually wake up early in the morning, go out to sea and catch enough fish, then go back home and play with my ___29___. In the afternoon, I take a nap, and when evening comes, I join my friends in the village for a drink. We play the guitar, sing and dance throughout the night.” The businessman then offered a ___30___ to the fisherman. “I’m an expert in business! I can help you become much more ___31___. From now on, you should spend longer at sea and catch as much fish as ___32___. When you’we saved enough money, buy a bigger boat to catch even more fish. From there, you’ll soon be able to buy more boats and set ___33___ your own company.” The fisherman asked, “And after that?” The businessman laughed and said, “After that, you can take your company public (上市的) and be richer!” “And after that?” asked the fisherman once more. “After that, you can ___34___ retire. You can move to a house by the sea, wake up early in the morning to go ___35___, then return home to play with your kids, take a nap in the afternoon and join your friends for a drink, play the guitar, sing and dance throughout the night!” The fisherman replied in ____36____, “But isn’t that what I’m doing now?” 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当内容或用括号内单词的正确形式填空(每空不多于3个单词)。 Seven-year-old Maggie Kuznia loves books, but she loves sharing the stories she has read even more. Once or ___37___ (two) a week, the little girl visits the elderly at Good Samaritan Society in Minnesota. By ___38___ (offer) to read a book to the old people living there, she has not only made progress in storytelling, but also made many new friends. How did Maggie get into the habit? ___39___ (actual), Maggie’s mom, Tiffany Kuznia, works at Good Samaritan Society. She usually takes her daughter with her to work. On a snowy day, Maggie made a decision. She put some books instead of her game player into her bag. She announced in ___40___ (excite) she was going to read to those old people. With time, Maggie has become so popular ___41___ the old people that she even has “regulars (常客)” she reads to every week. She often stays with each one for an hour. To Maggie’s delight (高兴), they are always willing to spend more time with her. She is regarded ___42___ a granddaughter of their own. Maggie ___43___ (do) the sweet work for nearly a year and become confident of her reading ability. “She’s such a good little reader,”said Patti Griggs, one of Maggie’s ___44___ (listen). “I used to teach first-grade kids how to read. There were very few children ___45___ could read like her.”Maggie says she will encourage other kids of her age ____46____ (read) to the elderly. 五、阅读表达 (共5小题，满分10分) 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答下列问题。 In many countries of the world people are saying “We must do something about our rubbish. We don’t want our world to become one big landfill site (垃圾填埋场).” In Ireland, the government were very worried about plastic bags so they decided to make people pay for them. Since 2002 Irish people have been paying for the bags they take home from the shops. Of course, they soon stopped buying new bags and started taking bags with them when shopping. Some countries have made even bigger changes. In 2006, the people of Zanzibar decided to stop making plastic bags. They were worried the bags were killing fish and sea animals. They also said nobody could bring plastic bags into the county. Soon there were no plastic bags in the county. One of the most exciting recycling ideas is Freecycle. It has grown around the world. People join a Freecycle group because they are looking for things or have things that they want to give to other people. Perhaps they have a chair they do not need any more, or they want a camera. They leave a message on the Internet to tell people what they want or what they are going to give. Nobody buys or sells anything—people give things to other people who want them. It is a good idea because it recycles useful things. Recycling is important and sometimes it is exciting too. Using less and reusing are also important answers to the problem of rubbish. 47. What did the Ireland government ask people to do? _________________________________ 48. Why are there no plastic bags in Zanzibar? _________________________________ 49. Why is Freecycle a good idea? _________________________________ 50. What’s the writer’s attitude (态度) about recycling? _________________________________ 51. What’s your answer to the problem of rubbish? _________________________________ 六、书面表达 (共1小题，满分18分) 52. 假设你拥有属于自己的一部手机，请写一篇100词左右的英语短文，介绍一下你课余时间用手机做什么，并谈谈手机对学习和日常生活的影响。 要 求： 1.内容包含题目要点，可适当再发挥； 2.语言准确，语句通顺，表达连贯； 3.书写认真规范，词数100词左右。 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$