04 必修一 Unit 4 Friends forever - 2025年新高考英语一轮总复习筑基培优方案（外研版2019）

必修第一册 Unit 4 Friends forever 知识背诵清单通关练 （第一关）重点单词精选精背储备能量+核心词汇之转换词形词性 （第二关）重点短语再现背诵及研磨记忆巩固 （第三关）梳理核心词汇之转换词形词性及情境研磨记忆巩固 （第四关）基本句型模仿背诵及巩固情境研磨记忆巩固 （第五关）必备重点语法精讲精练 （第一关）重点单词精选精背储备能量 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. v. 递送，传送 2． n. 进步，进展 3． v. 保持，维持 4． adj. 数字的，数码的 5． v. 使可能，使发生 6． adj. 异常的，不平常的 7． v. 获得，得到 8． v. (举例)说明，阐明 9． n. 小盒，小包 10． n. 安慰，慰藉 11． n. 强烈的情感，激情 12． v. 使(事件、行动等)延期，推迟 13． adj. 约定的，指定的 14． v. 划(火柴) 15． n. 场景 16． adj. 感到不好意思的，难为情的 17． v. (卷着的东西)展开，打开 18． n. 地点，位置 19． n. 周围的事物，环境 20． n. 气氛，氛围，环境 核心词汇之转换词形词性 1. adj. 熟悉的→ adj. 不熟悉的，陌生的→ n. 熟悉，认识→ adv. 友好随便地，过分亲昵地，熟悉地 2． n. 历险(经历)，奇遇→ adj. 有冒险精神的，惊险的 3． adv. 重大地，显著地→ adj. 有意义的，重要的→ n. 重要性 4． v. 易于做某事，往往会发生某事→ n. 倾向，趋势 5． adj. 鼓舞人心的，启发灵感的→ v. 鼓舞，鼓励，唤起→ n. 鼓舞，启示，灵感 6． n. 慷慨，大方→ adj. 慷慨的，大方的，仁慈的→ adv. 慷慨地，大方地，仁慈地 7． adj. 焦虑的，不安的→ adv. 焦虑地→ n. 焦虑 8． v. 使与……保持距离，撇清和……的关系　n. 距离→ adj. 遥远的 9． n. 大笔的钱，巨款→ adj. 幸运的→ adv. 幸运地 10． n. 个性，性格→ adj. 个人的；私人的；个性的 （第二关）重点短语再现背诵及研磨记忆巩固 1． 面对面 2． 不了解……的情况，不了解……的动态 3． 归功于……，多亏…… 4． 弄清；找出；发现 5． ... 和……保持联系 6． 从事 7． 使某人有能力做某事 8． 记住 9． 倾向于做某事 10． 不分良莠一起抛弃 11． 网上交朋友 12． 理解；锻炼；训练；进展顺利；算出；拟出(计划、安排) 13． 对某人清楚表明 14． 以……为背景 15． 发财 16． 地球上 17． 应该， 应当 18． (意外或终于)出现 19． 按时；准时 20． 迈步走出 21． 感到茫然 22． 对……难为情 23． 发生；举行 24． 某人认为 第三关）梳理核心词汇之转换词形词性及情境研磨记忆巩固 ① prefer v. 更喜欢(教材P38) [名师点津]　prefer既不用于进行时态，也不用于比较级。其过去式和过去分词形式均为：preferred。 　 单句语法填空 ①(牛津高阶)Their father prefers them ________ (be) home early. ②(中国日报)Office－goers prefer ________ (cycle) to work to avoid walking that extra mile or so from subway stations to their office buildings. ③(牛津高阶)Employees who have worked here for many years will be given ________ (prefer) over newcomers. ④(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)While the younger generations prefer ________ (communicate) visually, for those used to working with traditional tools like email, it may feel like a learning curve. 　 单句表达 ⑤(柯林斯词典)我成为了一名教师是因为我更喜欢书籍和人而不是政治。 I became a teacher because I ________________________________． ⑥(牛津高阶)我愿意步行，不愿意骑自行车。 I ______________________________________________________ cycling. ② deliver v. 递送，传送(教材P38) 　 单句语法填空 ①(2020·天津高考)Once the book you've requested ________ (deliver) to the nearest branch, they will inform you by e－mail, so you can pick it up. ②(2021·天津高考3月)We need people who can work at our warehouse sorting and packing items to be delivered ________ families, repair donated furniture and more. ③(柯林斯词典)His speeches were magnificently written but his ________ (deliver) was hopeless. 　 单句表达 ④(中国日报)习近平主席将在世界卫生组织第73届世界卫生大会开幕式上发表讲话。 President Xi Jinping will ________________ at the opening ceremony of the World Health Organization's 73rd World Health Assembly. ⑤(牛津高阶)你把我的信息传给我父亲了吗？ Did you ________________________？ ③ advance n. 进步，进展(教材P38) 　写出advance在下列句中的词性及词义①(2021·天津高考3月)Great improvements in public health have been brought about by advances in medical science.________ ②(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)She decided to go back to college to advance her career and to be able to better support her family while doing something she loves: nursing. ________ ③It is a popular show, so advance booking is essential. ________ 　 单句表达 ④(牛津高阶)飓风袭来之前，沿海地带的人已经撤离。 People were evacuated from the coastal regions ________________． ④ tend v. 易于做某事，往往会发生某事(教材P39) 　 单句语法填空 ①(2021·全国乙卷)These days, safety regulations—not to mention the modern sports fan's desire for a good view and a comfortable seat—tend ________ (keep) stadium capacities (容量) slightly lower. ②(2020·浙江高考)The lamb had become separated from its mother, so I jumped out of the tractor to tend ________ it while Don stayed in his seat. ③(朗文当代)There is an increasing ________ (tend) for women to have children later in life. 　 单句表达 ④当我们匆忙做事时，往往会犯错误。 We ________________________ when we do things in a hurry. ⑤ patience n. 耐心(教材P42) 　 单句语法填空 ①(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)After that I poured oil into the pan and turned on the stove, I waited ________ (patient) until the oil was hot. ②(2021·天津高考3月)It requires creativity on the part of the technologist, imagination, a lot of ________ (patient) and kindness. ③(牛津高阶)You'll have to be patient ________ my mother—she's going rather deaf. 　 单句表达 ④(牛津高阶)她对小孩子很有耐心。 She's ___________________________________________________________. ⑥ anxious adj. 焦虑的，不安的(教材P42) 　 单句语法填空 ①(中国日报)I was anxious ________ what would happen when the power went out soon after the winds hit and everything went dark. ②(2021·天津高考3月)A trial project by the Montreal Children's Hospital suggested that the use of medical hypnosis (催眠) can reduce pain and ________ (anxious) in patients. ③After the college entrance examinations, the students were all waiting ________ (anxious) for the results. ④(剑桥高阶)Developing countries which are anxious ________ hard currency can rarely afford to protect the environment. 　 单句表达 ⑤(2019·天津高考)她急于知道发生了什么事。 She __________________ what had happened. ⑦ distance v. 使与……保持距离，撇清和……的关系(教材P43) [名师点津]　对于distance的提问的特殊疑问词多用what。 　 单句语法填空 ①(牛津高阶)She needs to distance herself ________ some of her more extreme supporters. ②Farther ________ the distance, I could enjoy the view of snowy mountains. ③(朗文当代)A shark can smell blood ________ a distance of half a kilometer. ④(2019·天津高考) To many people, technology means computers, hand－held devices, or vehicles that travel to ________ (distance) planets. 　 单句表达 ⑤(朗文当代)远处响起了教堂的钟声。 Church bells rang ________________． ⑥(剑桥高阶)马德里和巴塞罗那之间的距离是多少？ ________________ between Madrid and Barcelona? ⑧ appointed adj. 约定的，指定的(教材P46) 　 单句语法填空 ①(剑桥高阶)He's just been appointed ________ director of the publishing division. ②To remember all the questions you have when you are not in the doctor's office, write them down and bring the list with you to your ________ (appoint). ③(剑桥高阶)Ten minutes before the ________ (appoint) time, he sat nervously outside her office. ④(柯林斯词典)The commission appointed a special investigator ________ (conduct) its own inquiry. 　 单句表达 ⑤我们要为下次会议确定日期。 We must ________________ the next meeting. ⑥你最好提前跟医生预约。 You'd better ________________________ the doctor in advance. ⑨ strike v. 划(火柴)(教材P46) [名师点津]　strike的过去式为struck，过去分词为struck/stricken。 　写出strike在下列句中的词义 ①(剑桥高阶)She struck a match and lit another cigarette.________ ②(2020·北京高考)But Smith was struck mainly by the fact that she didn't truly grasp any of the skills the author described.________ ③(柯林斯词典)She took two quick steps forward and struck him across the mouth.________ ④(牛津高阶)Four o'clock had just struck on the church clock. ________ 单句语法填空 ⑤The first time he met the girl he ________ (strike) by her wisdom. ⑥(柯林斯词典)Staff at the hospital went ________ strike in protest at the incidents. 　 单句表达 ⑦(剑桥高阶)我突然想到我还欠你音乐会的票。 ________________________ I still owe you for the concert tickets. ① thanks to 归功于……，多亏……(教材P38) 　 单句语法填空 ①(2020·天津高考)You'll find it easier to get a copy of whatever you're looking for, thanks ________ a cooperative network of area libraries. ②(2020·江苏高考)The phone boxes are becoming popular mainly because ________ their changed roles and functions. 　 单句表达 ③(2020·新高考Ⅱ卷)多亏了男孩和警察，一家人才从火灾中获救。 ________________________， a family was saved from the fire. ② up to 正在做……；直到，达到；胜任；由……决定(教材P38) 　 单句语法填空 ①(中国日报)Up to now, the BYD electric bus ________ (expand) its coverage in over 100 cities in more than 20 European countries. ②(剑桥高阶)It's up to the manager ________ (make) the final decision. ③(朗文当代)The film has certainly lived up ________ my expectations. ④I'm afraid that my French is not up to ________ (translate) the letter. 　 单句表达 ⑤(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)我小时候总是很喜欢读书，有时一天能读三本书。 I was always an enthusiastic reader, sometimes reading ________________________ as a child. ③ keep in mind 牢记……，记住……(教材P39) 　 单句语法填空 ①(柯林斯词典)Once he made up his mind ________ (do) something, there was no stopping him. ②I couldn't bring ________ mind the name of the hotel that I had stayed in. 　 单句表达 ③ 另一种设定现实目标的方法是分析你的短期和长期目标，牢记你的信念、价值观和优势。 Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives, ________________ your beliefs, values and strengths. ④(中国日报)赵亚夫儿时的梦想是成为一名记者，但中国在50年代末60年代初遭受的一系列自然灾害和饥荒改变了他的想法。 Zhao Yafu's childhood dream was to become a journalist, but the series of natural disasters and famine related to them that China suffered in the late 1950s and early 1960s ________________． ④ turn up (意外地或终于)出现(教材P45) 　 单句语法填空 ①(2020·江苏高考)Yet, when something new turns ________， more often than not, we do not even know its name. ②(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)Turn ________ a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements. ③(2019·天津高考)The book turns ________ to be one that has appealed to the world for more than 350 years. ④(牛津高阶)You must turn ________ your kit before you leave the army. ⑤(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)The technology, Strano said, could one day be used to light the rooms or even to turn trees ________ self－powered street lamps. 　 单句表达 ⑥我在任何地方都被拒绝了，除了一家出版商，在那里一个年轻的女人告诉我，我能力不足。 ____________________， except at one publisher, where a young woman told me I wasn't very good. what引导名词性从句 But we need to keep in mind that what we see on social media is often not the whole truth about a person.(教材P39) 但我们需要谨记，我们在社交媒体上看到的往往不是一个人的全部真面目。 what 常用来引导名词性从句，即主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。what在引导名词性从句时有两个重要的特点： (1)what在相应的名词性从句中有一定的意义，常表示“什么”“所……的”“……的样子”“……的事/话”等。 (2)what在相应的名词性从句中常作主语、宾语或表语。 [名师点津]　that也可以引导名词性从句，但that引导名词性从句时仅起连接作用，无实际意义，在从句中不作任何句子成分。 　 单句语法填空 ①I have no idea ________ we should do next. ②The student completed this experiment to make come true ________ Professor Joseph had said. ③He proved that it's not ________ happens to us that determines our lives. ④But the bottom line is ________ I shouldn't lie to my kids. ⑤________ puzzles Lily's friends is why she always has so many crazy ideas. 　 单句表达 ⑥你需要的是一个允许你犯错的好老师。 ________________ is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes. ⑦(2021·天津高考3月)过去的几年是令人兴奋的，因为我一直跟着我的心去做我喜欢的事。 The last few years have been exciting because I've been following my heart to do ________________． 句型公式：whatever引导让步状语从句 (教材原句)Whatever our hobbies, the Internet can connect us with others who also enjoy doing them, even if they live on the other side of the world. 无论我们的爱好是什么，互联网都可以把我们与志同道合的人联系在一起，即使他们在地球的另一端。 (1)引导让步状语从句 (2)whatever, whichever, who(m)ever既可引导让步状语从句，又可引导名词性从句。 (3)no matter what, no matter which, no matter who(m)只能引导让步状语从句。 基础练习——单句语法填空 ①________ great the difficulties are, we should spare no effort to overcome them. ②I wanted to be perfect at ________ I did, which obviously in life is not possible. ③As many as five courses are provided, and you are free to choose ________ suits you best. ④________ we do something, we should pay attention to every small detail, which can guarantee our success in the end. ⑤________ is interested in watching the coming volleyball game against Yucai Middle School should book the ticket in advance. 能力提升——一句多译 不管你走哪条路，它都会带你到车站。 ⑥________________________， it will lead you to the station. ⑦________________________， it will lead you to the station. 【佳句背诵】　Wherever you go, whatever you do, I will be right here waiting for you. 无论你去哪里，无论你做什么，我都会在原地等你。 （第四关）基本句型模仿背诵及巩固情境研磨记忆巩固 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．Higher­income parents tended ________ (have) children play with puzzles more frequently. 2．Fish prefer shallow water ________ deep water because the former is warmer. 3．But when they get to the ________ (appoint) place, they find that it is not the same company as posted online. 4．(牛津高阶)It's impossible to know ________ advance what will happen. 5．I think my education and professional experience will enable me ________ (offer) helpful services for your company. 6．(剑桥高阶)He's a good teacher, but he doesn't have much ________ (patient) with the slower pupils. 7．(中国日报)It's ________ (inspire) for them when they associate characters or incidents in a book with real life. 8．The old woman was ________ (anxious) awaiting the return of her relatives. 9．(中国日报)The teacher, who has 32 years of teaching experience, decided to spark students' interest in learning math by creating an active, ________ (humour) atmosphere in his classroom. 10．(剑桥高阶)You're very ________ (fortune) to have found such a lovely house. Ⅱ.选词填空 lose track of; thanks to; face to face; communicate with; keep in mind; up to; long for; make one's fortune; turn up; be ashamed of 1． We ________ often ____________ our shortcomings, our mistakes and our failures. 2．(朗文当代)She ____________ the chance to speak to him in private. 3． By the end of the century, if not sooner, the world's oceans will be bluer and greener ____________ a warming climate, according to a new study. 4．(中国日报)China's leaders are always thinking about the big picture; they have a vision for the future and ________ the people's interests ____________． 5．(柯林斯词典)He was never good at ____________ the players. 6． The concert was broadcast live and attracted the largest one night audience in the history of television ____________ that time. 7．(牛津高阶)We invited her to dinner but she didn't even bother to ____________． 8．(柯林斯词典)His mind would wander, and he would ____________ what he was doing. 9． When I'm ____________ with a polar bear, I like it to be through a camera with a telephoto lens. 10．(中国日报)A local entrepreneur named Mahmatimin who ____________ selling dried fruits in Shanghai many years ago established the cooperative with six friends after he returned home four years ago. Ⅲ.单句表达 1．然而，我的孩子们放学后想做的就是拿起一个屏幕——任何屏幕——盯着它看几个小时。 However, ________________________ after school is pick up a screen—any screen—and stare at it for hours. 2．由你决定我们是否买这套家具。 __________________________ whether we buy this set of furniture or not. 3．刘老师要跟那些没交作业的学生谈话。 Mr Liu wants to talk to the students ________________________． 4．(中国日报)由于不知道怎么画画，他自己做了一个切割机，用家里的装饰材料做了船模型。 ________________________________， he made a cutter himself, and used home decorative materials to make the boat models. 5．我到达火车站时，火车已经离开了。 By the time I got to the station, __________________________． （第五关）必备重点语法精讲精练 动词的时态、语态和主谓一致（4） 　 高频句型 1.现在完成时(have/has＋过去分词) •过去发生的或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成了影响或结果 •过去已经开始，一直持续到现在的动作或状态，常与“since＋时间点”或“for＋时间段”，so far, by now, “in the past/last＋时间段”连用 •固定句型：It's the first/second ... time that从句(主＋have/has done),①When I first met Bryan I didn't like him, but I have changed my mind. 我第一次见布莱恩，我不喜欢他，但是我已经改变了看法。 ②This is the first time we have seen a film in the cinema together as a family. 这是我们全家第一次一起看电影。 2．过去完成时(had＋过去分词) •过去的过去已经发生或完成的动作或状态 •表示过去未曾实现的打算或愿望，常用于该用法的动词：hope, mean, plan, intend, expect等 •固定句型：It was the first ... time that 从句(主＋had done) •在“no sooner ... than ...”或“hardly/scarcely ... when ...”结构中，主句的谓语动词用过去完成时, ①He was unhappy when he sold his guitar. After all, he had had it for a very long time. 卖了吉他，他很不高兴。毕竟，他拥有它已经很长时间了。 ②I had expected her to confess that she only wrote these books for the money. 我曾期望她承认写这些书仅仅是为了钱。 ③It was the first time they had ever met. 这是他们初次见面。 ④Hardly had I arrived at the classroom when it began to rain. 我一走进教室就开始下雨了。 3．将来完成时(will have＋过去分词) •主要表示某一动作到将来某个时间完成，上下文情景中常含有by的短语，如by six o'clock, by the weekend, by the end of next month等, By the time he is 14 years old, he will have finished advanced maths. 到14岁的时候，他将已经学完了高等数学。 考点四　过去将来时 •从过去某一时间看将要发生的事情 •过去本打算做而未做的事情 •某些表示起止或转移的动词，常用过去进行时表示过去将来时, ①He said he would be here at eight o'clock.他说他将在8点钟到这里。 ②I was going to go to the party, but I suddenly remembered I had homework to do.我本打算要参加聚会，但是我突然记起来我有作业要做。 ③He told me he was leaving in an hour.他告诉我他计划一个小时后离开。 1．I (drive) down to London when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road. 2．He hurried home, never once looking back to see if he (follow)． 3．Jack (work) in the lab when the power cut occurred. 4．—Excuse me, which movie are you waiting for? —Star Wars. We (wait) here for more than two hours. 5．I (read) half of the English novel, and I'll try to finish it at the weekend. 6．The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts (reward) with success in the end. 7．More efforts, as reported, (make) in the years ahead to accelerate the supply­side structural reform. 8．Dashan, who (learn) crosstalk, the Chinese comedic tradition, for decades, wants to mix it up with the Western stand­up tradition. 9．When walking down the street, I came across David, who I (not see) for years. 10．Silk (become) one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC. $$必修第一册 Unit 4 Friends forever 知识背诵清单通关练 （第一关）重点单词精选精背储备能量+核心词汇之转换词形词性 （第二关）重点短语再现背诵及研磨记忆巩固 （第三关）梳理核心词汇之转换词形词性及情境研磨记忆巩固 （第四关）基本句型模仿背诵及巩固情境研磨记忆巩固 （第五关）必备重点语法精讲精练 （第一关）重点单词精选精背储备能量 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.deliver v. 递送，传送 2．advance n. 进步，进展 3．maintain v. 保持，维持 4．digital adj. 数字的，数码的 5．enable v. 使可能，使发生 6．unusual adj. 异常的，不平常的 7．acquire v. 获得，得到 8．illustrate v. (举例)说明，阐明 9．pack n. 小盒，小包 10．comfort n. 安慰，慰藉 11．passion n. 强烈的情感，激情 12．postpone v. 使(事件、行动等)延期，推迟 13．appointed adj. 约定的，指定的 14．strike v. 划(火柴) 15．scene n. 场景 16．ashamed adj. 感到不好意思的，难为情的 17．unfold v. (卷着的东西)展开，打开 18．location n. 地点，位置 19．surroundings n. 周围的事物，环境 20．atmosphere n. 气氛，氛围，环境 核心词汇之转换词形词性 1.familiar adj. 熟悉的→unfamiliar adj. 不熟悉的，陌生的→familiarity n. 熟悉，认识→familiarly adv. 友好随便地，过分亲昵地，熟悉地 2．adventure n. 历险(经历)，奇遇→adventurous adj. 有冒险精神的，惊险的 3．significantly adv. 重大地，显著地→significant adj. 有意义的，重要的→significance n. 重要性 4．tend v. 易于做某事，往往会发生某事→tendency n. 倾向，趋势 5．inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的，启发灵感的→inspire v. 鼓舞，鼓励，唤起→inspiration n. 鼓舞，启示，灵感 6．generosity n. 慷慨，大方→generous adj. 慷慨的，大方的，仁慈的→generously adv. 慷慨地，大方地，仁慈地 7．anxious adj. 焦虑的，不安的→anxiously adv. 焦虑地→anxiety n. 焦虑 8．distance v. 使与……保持距离，撇清和……的关系　n. 距离→distant adj. 遥远的 9．fortune n. 大笔的钱，巨款→fortunate adj. 幸运的→fortunately adv. 幸运地 10．personal n. 个性，性格→personality adj. 个人的；私人的；个性的 （第二关）重点短语再现背诵及研磨记忆巩固 1．face to face 面对面 2．lose track of 不了解……的情况，不了解……的动态 3．thanks to 归功于……，多亏…… 4．find out 弄清；找出；发现 5．stay in touch with ... 和……保持联系 6．be up to 从事 7．enable sb to do sth 使某人有能力做某事 8．keep in mind 记住 9．tend to do sth 倾向于做某事 10．throw the baby out with the bathwater 不分良莠一起抛弃 11．make friends online 网上交朋友 12．work out 理解；锻炼；训练；进展顺利；算出；拟出(计划、安排) 13．make it clear to sb that 对某人清楚表明 14．be set in 以……为背景 15．make one's fortune 发财 16．on earth 地球上 17．ought to 应该， 应当 18．turn up (意外或终于)出现 19．on time 按时；准时 20．step out of 迈步走出 21．feel lost 感到茫然 22．be ashamed of 对……难为情 23．take place 发生；举行 24．in one's opinion 某人认为 第三关）梳理核心词汇之转换词形词性及情境研磨记忆巩固 ① prefer v. 更喜欢(教材P38) [名师点津]　prefer既不用于进行时态，也不用于比较级。其过去式和过去分词形式均为：preferred。 　单句语法填空 ①(牛津高阶)Their father prefers them ________ (be) home early. ②(中国日报)Office－goers prefer ________ (cycle) to work to avoid walking that extra mile or so from subway stations to their office buildings. ③(牛津高阶)Employees who have worked here for many years will be given ________ (prefer) over newcomers. ④(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)While the younger generations prefer ________ (communicate) visually, for those used to working with traditional tools like email, it may feel like a learning curve. 答案：①to be　②cycling　③preference　④to communicate 　单句表达 ⑤(柯林斯词典)我成为了一名教师是因为我更喜欢书籍和人而不是政治。 I became a teacher because I ________________________________． ⑥(牛津高阶)我愿意步行，不愿意骑自行车。 I ______________________________________________________ cycling. 答案：⑤preferred books and people to politics　⑥prefer walking to ② deliver v. 递送，传送(教材P38) 　单句语法填空 ①(2020·天津高考)Once the book you've requested ________ (deliver) to the nearest branch, they will inform you by e－mail, so you can pick it up. ②(2021·天津高考3月)We need people who can work at our warehouse sorting and packing items to be delivered ________ families, repair donated furniture and more. ③(柯林斯词典)His speeches were magnificently written but his ________ (deliver) was hopeless. 答案：①is delivered　②to　③delivery 　单句表达 ④(中国日报)习近平主席将在世界卫生组织第73届世界卫生大会开幕式上发表讲话。 President Xi Jinping will ________________ at the opening ceremony of the World Health Organization's 73rd World Health Assembly. ⑤(牛津高阶)你把我的信息传给我父亲了吗？ Did you ________________________？ 答案：④deliver a speech　⑤deliver my message to my father ③ advance n. 进步，进展(教材P38) 　写出advance在下列句中的词性及词义①(2021·天津高考3月)Great improvements in public health have been brought about by advances in medical science.________ ②(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)She decided to go back to college to advance her career and to be able to better support her family while doing something she loves: nursing. ________ ③It is a popular show, so advance booking is essential. ________ 答案：①n. 进步，进展　②v. 促进　③adj. 预先的 　单句表达 ④(牛津高阶)飓风袭来之前，沿海地带的人已经撤离。 People were evacuated from the coastal regions ________________． 答案：④in advance of the hurricane ④ tend v. 易于做某事，往往会发生某事(教材P39) 　单句语法填空 ①(2021·全国乙卷)These days, safety regulations—not to mention the modern sports fan's desire for a good view and a comfortable seat—tend ________ (keep) stadium capacities (容量) slightly lower. ②(2020·浙江高考)The lamb had become separated from its mother, so I jumped out of the tractor to tend ________ it while Don stayed in his seat. ③(朗文当代)There is an increasing ________ (tend) for women to have children later in life. 答案：①to keep　②to　③tendency 　单句表达 ④当我们匆忙做事时，往往会犯错误。 We ________________________ when we do things in a hurry. 答案：④tend to make mistakes ⑤ patience n. 耐心(教材P42) 　单句语法填空 ①(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)After that I poured oil into the pan and turned on the stove, I waited ________ (patient) until the oil was hot. ②(2021·天津高考3月)It requires creativity on the part of the technologist, imagination, a lot of ________ (patient) and kindness. ③(牛津高阶)You'll have to be patient ________ my mother—she's going rather deaf. 答案：①patiently　②patience　③with 　单句表达 ④(牛津高阶)她对小孩子很有耐心。 She's ___________________________________________________________. 答案：④very patient with young children ⑥ anxious adj. 焦虑的，不安的(教材P42) 　单句语法填空 ①(中国日报)I was anxious ________ what would happen when the power went out soon after the winds hit and everything went dark. ②(2021·天津高考3月)A trial project by the Montreal Children's Hospital suggested that the use of medical hypnosis (催眠) can reduce pain and ________ (anxious) in patients. ③After the college entrance examinations, the students were all waiting ________ (anxious) for the results. ④(剑桥高阶)Developing countries which are anxious ________ hard currency can rarely afford to protect the environment. 答案：①about　②anxiety　③anxiously　④for 　单句表达 ⑤(2019·天津高考)她急于知道发生了什么事。 She __________________ what had happened. 答案：⑤was anxious to know ⑦ distance v. 使与……保持距离，撇清和……的关系(教材P43) [名师点津]　对于distance的提问的特殊疑问词多用what。 　单句语法填空 ①(牛津高阶)She needs to distance herself ________ some of her more extreme supporters. ②Farther ________ the distance, I could enjoy the view of snowy mountains. ③(朗文当代)A shark can smell blood ________ a distance of half a kilometer. ④(2019·天津高考) To many people, technology means computers, hand－held devices, or vehicles that travel to ________ (distance) planets. 答案：①from　②in　③at　④distant 　单句表达 ⑤(朗文当代)远处响起了教堂的钟声。 Church bells rang ________________． ⑥(剑桥高阶)马德里和巴塞罗那之间的距离是多少？ ________________ between Madrid and Barcelona? 答案：⑤in the distance　⑥What's the distance ⑧ appointed adj. 约定的，指定的(教材P46) 　单句语法填空 ①(剑桥高阶)He's just been appointed ________ director of the publishing division. ②(2020·新高考Ⅱ卷)To remember all the questions you have when you are not in the doctor's office, write them down and bring the list with you to your ________ (appoint). ③(剑桥高阶)Ten minutes before the ________ (appoint) time, he sat nervously outside her office. ④(柯林斯词典)The commission appointed a special investigator ________ (conduct) its own inquiry. 答案：①as　②appointment　③appointed　④to conduct 　单句表达 ⑤我们要为下次会议确定日期。 We must ________________ the next meeting. ⑥你最好提前跟医生预约。 You'd better ________________________ the doctor in advance. 答案：⑤appoint a date for　⑥have/make/fix an appointment with ⑨ strike v. 划(火柴)(教材P46) [名师点津]　strike的过去式为struck，过去分词为struck/stricken。 　写出strike在下列句中的词义 ①(剑桥高阶)She struck a match and lit another cigarette.________ ②(2020·北京高考)But Smith was struck mainly by the fact that she didn't truly grasp any of the skills the author described.________ ③(柯林斯词典)She took two quick steps forward and struck him across the mouth.________ ④(牛津高阶)Four o'clock had just struck on the church clock. ________ 答案：①划(火柴)　②给(某人以……)印象　③打，击中　④(时钟)敲响 单句语法填空 ⑤The first time he met the girl he ________ (strike) by her wisdom. ⑥(柯林斯词典)Staff at the hospital went ________ strike in protest at the incidents. 答案：⑤was struck　⑥on 　单句表达 ⑦(剑桥高阶)我突然想到我还欠你音乐会的票。 ________________________ I still owe you for the concert tickets. 答案：⑦It's just struck me that ① thanks to 归功于……，多亏……(教材P38) 　单句语法填空 ①(2020·天津高考)You'll find it easier to get a copy of whatever you're looking for, thanks ________ a cooperative network of area libraries. ②(2020·江苏高考)The phone boxes are becoming popular mainly because ________ their changed roles and functions. 答案：①to　②of 　单句表达 ③(2020·新高考Ⅱ卷)多亏了男孩和警察，一家人才从火灾中获救。 ________________________， a family was saved from the fire. 答案：③Thanks to the boy and the policeman ② up to 正在做……；直到，达到；胜任；由……决定(教材P38) 　单句语法填空 ①(中国日报)Up to now, the BYD electric bus ________ (expand) its coverage in over 100 cities in more than 20 European countries. ②(剑桥高阶)It's up to the manager ________ (make) the final decision. ③(朗文当代)The film has certainly lived up ________ my expectations. ④I'm afraid that my French is not up to ________ (translate) the letter. 答案：①has expanded　②to make　③to　④translating 　单句表达 ⑤(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)我小时候总是很喜欢读书，有时一天能读三本书。 I was always an enthusiastic reader, sometimes reading ________________________ as a child. 答案：⑤up to three books a day ③ keep in mind 牢记……，记住……(教材P39) 　单句语法填空 ①(柯林斯词典)Once he made up his mind ________ (do) something, there was no stopping him. ②I couldn't bring ________ mind the name of the hotel that I had stayed in. 答案：①to do　②to 　单句表达 ③(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)另一种设定现实目标的方法是分析你的短期和长期目标，牢记你的信念、价值观和优势。 Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives, ________________ your beliefs, values and strengths. ④(中国日报)赵亚夫儿时的梦想是成为一名记者，但中国在50年代末60年代初遭受的一系列自然灾害和饥荒改变了他的想法。 Zhao Yafu's childhood dream was to become a journalist, but the series of natural disasters and famine related to them that China suffered in the late 1950s and early 1960s ________________． 答案：③keeping in mind　④changed his mind ④ turn up (意外地或终于)出现(教材P45) 　单句语法填空 ①(2020·江苏高考)Yet, when something new turns ________， more often than not, we do not even know its name. ②(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)Turn ________ a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements. ③(2019·天津高考)The book turns ________ to be one that has appealed to the world for more than 350 years. ④(牛津高阶)You must turn ________ your kit before you leave the army. ⑤(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)The technology, Strano said, could one day be used to light the rooms or even to turn trees ________ self－powered street lamps. 答案：①up　②to　③out　④in　⑤into 　单句表达 ⑥(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)我在任何地方都被拒绝了，除了一家出版商，在那里一个年轻的女人告诉我，我能力不足。 ________________________， except at one publisher, where a young woman told me I wasn't very good. 答案：⑥I was turned down everywhere what引导名词性从句 But we need to keep in mind that what we see on social media is often not the whole truth about a person.(教材P39) 但我们需要谨记，我们在社交媒体上看到的往往不是一个人的全部真面目。 what 常用来引导名词性从句，即主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。what在引导名词性从句时有两个重要的特点： (1)what在相应的名词性从句中有一定的意义，常表示“什么”“所……的”“……的样子”“……的事/话”等。 (2)what在相应的名词性从句中常作主语、宾语或表语。 [名师点津]　that也可以引导名词性从句，但that引导名词性从句时仅起连接作用，无实际意义，在从句中不作任何句子成分。 　单句语法填空 ①I have no idea ________ we should do next. ②(2020·天津高考)The student completed this experiment to make come true ________ Professor Joseph had said. ③(2020·江苏高考)He proved that it's not ________ happens to us that determines our lives. ④(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)But the bottom line is ________ I shouldn't lie to my kids. ⑤(2021·天津高考3月)________ puzzles Lily's friends is why she always has so many crazy ideas. 答案：①what　②what　③what　④that　⑤What 　单句表达 ⑥(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)你需要的是一个允许你犯错的好老师。 ________________ is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes. ⑦(2021·天津高考3月)过去的几年是令人兴奋的，因为我一直跟着我的心去做我喜欢的事。 The last few years have been exciting because I've been following my heart to do ________________． 答案：⑥What you need　⑦what I love 句型公式：whatever引导让步状语从句 (教材原句)Whatever our hobbies, the Internet can connect us with others who also enjoy doing them, even if they live on the other side of the world. 无论我们的爱好是什么，互联网都可以把我们与志同道合的人联系在一起，即使他们在地球的另一端。 (1)引导让步状语从句 (2)whatever, whichever, who(m)ever既可引导让步状语从句，又可引导名词性从句。 (3)no matter what, no matter which, no matter who(m)只能引导让步状语从句。 基础练习——单句语法填空 ①[2022·新高考卷Ⅰ]________ great the difficulties are, we should spare no effort to overcome them. ②[2022·北京卷]I wanted to be perfect at ________ I did, which obviously in life is not possible. ③As many as five courses are provided, and you are free to choose ________ suits you best. ④________ we do something, we should pay attention to every small detail, which can guarantee our success in the end. ⑤________ is interested in watching the coming volleyball game against Yucai Middle School should book the ticket in advance. 能力提升——一句多译 不管你走哪条路，它都会带你到车站。 ⑥________________________， it will lead you to the station. ⑦________________________， it will lead you to the station. 【佳句背诵】　Wherever you go, whatever you do, I will be right here waiting for you. 无论你去哪里，无论你做什么，我都会在原地等你。 ．①However　②whatever　③whichever　④Whenever ⑤Whoever　⑥Whichever road you take　⑦No matter which road you take （第四关）基本句型模仿背诵及巩固情境研磨记忆巩固 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)Higher­income parents tended ________ (have) children play with puzzles more frequently. 答案：to have 2．Fish prefer shallow water ________ deep water because the former is warmer. 答案：to 3．But when they get to the ________ (appoint) place, they find that it is not the same company as posted online. 答案：appointed 4．(牛津高阶)It's impossible to know ________ advance what will happen. 答案：in 5．I think my education and professional experience will enable me ________ (offer) helpful services for your company. 答案：to offer 6．(剑桥高阶)He's a good teacher, but he doesn't have much ________ (patient) with the slower pupils. 答案：patience 7．(中国日报)It's ________ (inspire) for them when they associate characters or incidents in a book with real life. 答案：inspiring 8．The old woman was ________ (anxious) awaiting the return of her relatives. 答案：anxiously 9．(中国日报)The teacher, who has 32 years of teaching experience, decided to spark students' interest in learning math by creating an active, ________ (humour) atmosphere in his classroom. 答案：humorous 10．(剑桥高阶)You're very ________ (fortune) to have found such a lovely house. 答案：fortunate Ⅱ.选词填空 lose track of; thanks to; face to face; communicate with; keep in mind; up to; long for; make one's fortune; turn up; be ashamed of 1．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)We ________ often ____________ our shortcomings, our mistakes and our failures. 答案：are; ashamed of 2．(朗文当代)She ____________ the chance to speak to him in private. 答案：longed for 3．(2019·北京高考)By the end of the century, if not sooner, the world's oceans will be bluer and greener ____________ a warming climate, according to a new study. 答案：thanks to 4．(中国日报)China's leaders are always thinking about the big picture; they have a vision for the future and ________ the people's interests ____________． 答案：keep; in mind 5．(柯林斯词典)He was never good at ____________ the players. 答案：communicating with 6．(2019·浙江高考)The concert was broadcast live and attracted the largest one night audience in the history of television ____________ that time. 答案：up to 7．(牛津高阶)We invited her to dinner but she didn't even bother to ____________． 答案：turn up 8．(柯林斯词典)His mind would wander, and he would ____________ what he was doing. 答案：lose track of 9．(2020·浙江高考)When I'm ____________ with a polar bear, I like it to be through a camera with a telephoto lens. 答案：face to face 10．(中国日报)A local entrepreneur named Mahmatimin who ____________ selling dried fruits in Shanghai many years ago established the cooperative with six friends after he returned home four years ago. 答案：made his fortune Ⅲ.单句表达 1．(2021·浙江高考)然而，我的孩子们放学后想做的就是拿起一个屏幕——任何屏幕——盯着它看几个小时。 However, ________________________ after school is pick up a screen—any screen—and stare at it for hours. 答案：what my children want to do 2．由你决定我们是否买这套家具。 __________________________ whether we buy this set of furniture or not. 答案：It's up to you to decide 3．刘老师要跟那些没交作业的学生谈话。 Mr Liu wants to talk to the students ________________________． 答案：whose homework hasn't been handed in 4．(中国日报)由于不知道怎么画画，他自己做了一个切割机，用家里的装饰材料做了船模型。 ________________________________， he made a cutter himself, and used home decorative materials to make the boat models. 答案：Not knowing how to draw pictures 5．我到达火车站时，火车已经离开了。 By the time I got to the station, __________________________． 答案：the train had left （第五关）必备重点语法精讲精练 动词的时态、语态和主谓一致（4） 　 高频句型 1.现在完成时(have/has＋过去分词) •过去发生的或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成了影响或结果 •过去已经开始，一直持续到现在的动作或状态，常与“since＋时间点”或“for＋时间段”，so far, by now, “in the past/last＋时间段”连用 •固定句型：It's the first/second ... time that从句(主＋have/has done),①When I first met Bryan I didn't like him, but I have changed my mind. 我第一次见布莱恩，我不喜欢他，但是我已经改变了看法。 ②This is the first time we have seen a film in the cinema together as a family. 这是我们全家第一次一起看电影。 2．过去完成时(had＋过去分词) •过去的过去已经发生或完成的动作或状态 •表示过去未曾实现的打算或愿望，常用于该用法的动词：hope, mean, plan, intend, expect等 •固定句型：It was the first ... time that 从句(主＋had done) •在“no sooner ... than ...”或“hardly/scarcely ... when ...”结构中，主句的谓语动词用过去完成时, ①He was unhappy when he sold his guitar. After all, he had had it for a very long time. 卖了吉他，他很不高兴。毕竟，他拥有它已经很长时间了。 ②I had expected her to confess that she only wrote these books for the money. 我曾期望她承认写这些书仅仅是为了钱。 ③It was the first time they had ever met. 这是他们初次见面。 ④Hardly had I arrived at the classroom when it began to rain. 我一走进教室就开始下雨了。 3．将来完成时(will have＋过去分词) •主要表示某一动作到将来某个时间完成，上下文情景中常含有by的短语，如by six o'clock, by the weekend, by the end of next month等, By the time he is 14 years old, he will have finished advanced maths. 到14岁的时候，他将已经学完了高等数学。 考点四　过去将来时 •从过去某一时间看将要发生的事情 •过去本打算做而未做的事情 •某些表示起止或转移的动词，常用过去进行时表示过去将来时, ①He said he would be here at eight o'clock.他说他将在8点钟到这里。 ②I was going to go to the party, but I suddenly remembered I had homework to do.我本打算要参加聚会，但是我突然记起来我有作业要做。 ③He told me he was leaving in an hour.他告诉我他计划一个小时后离开。 1．I (drive) down to London when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road. 答案：was driving　句意：我正开车去伦敦，这时我突然发现走错路了。固定句型：be doing sth＋when ... 表示“正在做某事，就在这时突然”；根据下文found可知，此处应用was driving。 2．He hurried home, never once looking back to see if he (follow)． 答案：was being followed　句意：他匆匆忙忙往家赶，没有回头看是否有人在跟踪自己。he和follow是被动关系，即他被别人跟踪。且此处表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，故用过去进行时的被动语态。 3．Jack (work) in the lab when the power cut occurred. 答案：was working　句意：突然断电时，杰克正在实验室里工作。根据occurred可知，这里指过去某时刻正在发生的事情，故用过去进行时。 4．—Excuse me, which movie are you waiting for? —Star Wars. We (wait) here for more than two hours. 答案：have been waiting　句意：——打扰了，你们在等哪一部电影？——《星球大战》，我们已经在这里等了两个多小时了。“for＋时间段”与完成时连用，根据语境可知，说话的时候我们仍然在等，因此用现在完成进行时。 5．I (read) half of the English novel, and I'll try to finish it at the weekend. 答案：have read　句意：我已经看完了这本英文小说的一半，周末我会尽力把另一半看完。表示到现在已经完成的动作，故用现在完成时。 6．The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts (reward) with success in the end. 答案：will be rewarded　句意：学生们一直在刻苦学习功课，他们的努力最终一定会得到回报。回报是将来要发生的事情，应该用一般将来时；efforts和reward是被动关系，故用一般将来时的被动语态。 7．More efforts, as reported, (make) in the years ahead to accelerate the supply­side structural reform. 答案：will be made　根据时间状语in the years ahead可知，用一般将来时，且efforts与动词make构成被动关系，所以用一般将来时的被动语态。 8．Dashan, who (learn) crosstalk, the Chinese comedic tradition, for decades, wants to mix it up with the Western stand­up tradition. 答案：has been learning　此处指这几十年来大山一直在学习相声，所以使用现在完成进行时，强调动作的延续性和反复性。 9．When walking down the street, I came across David, who I (not see) for years. 答案：hadn't seen　句意：当沿着街道散步的时候，我遇见了多年未见的戴维。“not see”这个动作发生在come across之前，是过去的过去发生的动作，用过去完成时。 10．Silk (become) one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC. 答案：had become　句意：到公元前100年为止，丝绸已经成为丝绸之路上交易的主要商品之一。时间状语是“by＋过去时间”，谓语用过去完成时。 $$