Unit 6 Disaster and Hope 单词学案 -2021-2022学年外研版（2019）高中英语必修第三册

Unit 6 词汇学案 Understanding ideas部分 1. disaster 词块：natural disasters, the disaster area 2. tube 熟词生义：地铁 (美式英语：subway) 词块：take / catch the tube, by tube 3. plus 加号＋ 反义词 minus 熟词生义：优点 词块：on the plus side 4. erupt 派生词：eruption 5. immediately immediate (adj 立即的) + -ly adv 近义词：at once conj 近义词：as soon as 6. occur 正式用语，对应 happen oc- (= ob- against, toward 相对、向) + cur (to run 跑) → 相对着跑，即跑到一起 → 遇到 → 发生 词块：occur to, it occurs to sb (that), it occurs to sb to do sth 7. announcement announce (宣布) + -ment (名词后缀) 词块：make an announcement = announce 8. forecast fore- (before 在……之前) + cast (throw 投) → 预先投放 → 预料、预测 近义词：predict 词块：a weather forecast 9. grab 基本义：抓住 熟词生义：匆忙地吃 / 喝 词块：grab the opportunity 10. reliable rely (依赖) + -able (可……的) → 可以依赖的 → 可信赖的 近义词：dependable 11. rescue 近义词：save 词块：rescue workers, come to sb’s rescue, rescue sb from 12. emergency emerge (出现) + -ency (名词后缀) → 突然出现的事 → 突发事件、紧急情况 Public Health Emergency 13. typhoon 音译词 14. exceptionally 词族：except, exception, exceptional, exceptionally 15. claim 词块：claim to be / do sth, claim + (that) 从句, make a claim / claims 16. crisis 词块：crisis of confidence; energy crisis; financial crisis 17. threat & threaten 词族：threat, threaten, threatening 词块：a threat to sth, threaten to do sth 18. precisely precise (精确的) + -ly (副词后缀) precise：pre- (before 前) + -cise (to cut 切) → 预先裁剪好的 → 精确的 近义词：exactly plus n. 加号；正号；[非正式用语] 有利因素 反 minus： the plus sign Her knowledge of French is a big plus in her job. prep 加；加上 反 minus ；外加；另有： Three plus two equals / is / makes five. He had wealth plus fame. conj [非正式用语] 并且；而且： Mobile phones are small and useful. Plus they are cheaper than before. adj 说出下列词块或句子中plus的汉语释义。 A plus A+ plus 5℃ 零上 an income of $50, 000 plus 多 This is not an exciting car to drive, but on the plus side it is extremely reliable. 好的 / 有利的 occur v. ① [正式用语] 发生 to happen: A great decline in young work force is likely to occur in China. ② 出现；存在 to exist or be found somewhere： Sugar occurs naturally in fruit. Cultural differences occur wherever you go. occur to sb 浮现于脑中；被想起： it occurs to sb to do sth: It occurred to her to phone the police. it occurs to sb + that 从句: Not once did it occur to Michael that he could one day become a top student in his class. 词汇拓展 ► occurrence n ① [C] 发生的事情： everyday occurrences ② [U] 发生；出现 occur, happen, take place 相同点：三者都可指“发生” 三者都是不及物动词，都不能用于被动语态 不同点： occur指“发生”时可与happen换用，但occur较为正式。 If any of these symptoms occur while you are taking the medicine, consult your doctor immediately. happen 主要用于偶然或突发性事件，多指意外事故、不幸的事。 Maybe something unexpected happened. take place 主要指按计划进行或发生，可指发生好事或不好的事。 The conference will take place next month. grab v ① vi & vt （试图）抓住 (seize)： Lily grabbed the toy car from her little brother. grab the opportunity / chance ② vt ［非正式用语］（因忙碌而）赶紧 / 抓紧（吃 / 喝 / 睡）： From this point on, you’ll have free time to explore the city and grab some lunch. Why don’t you go and grab some sleep? ③ 吸引；引人注意： The Beatles immediately grabbed the attention of young people. ■ n [C]［常用单数］（猛然的）抓取 rescue ■ vt 营救： She was rescued from a burning building. ■ n [U] & [C] 救援；营救： come to sb’s rescue Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins. claim v ① vt 声称；宣称： Scientists are claiming a major breakthrough in the fighting against cancer. claim to be / do sth: Don’t claim to know what you don’t know. claim + (that) 从句： Some people claim that surfing the Internet is a waste of time. ② vt & vi（根据权利）要求；索要；认领： He should be able to claim back the price of the ticket. You can claim on the insurance if you have an accident while on holiday. So far nobody has claimed the money discovered in the library. ③ vt [尤用于新闻报道] 夺去（生命）to cause sb’s death： Over 3, 000 lives were claimed in the 1906 San Francisco earthquake. ■ n [C] ① 声称；断言： They made claims they couldn’t live up to. ② （对事物的）权利；所有权： There is a large number of patent examiners, whose only job is to examine whether your claim is valid or not. ③ 要求；索赔： You can make a claim on insurance policy. 本单元金句汇总 1. Cultural differences occur wherever you go. 2. 2. Not once did it occur to Michael that he could one day become a top student in his class. 3. 3. The Beatles immediately grabbed the attention of young people. 4. Don’t claim to know what you don’t know. 5. Some people claim that surfing the Internet is a waste of time. 随堂检测 plus 一、选出能替换画线部分的单词。 Mobile phones are small and useful. Plus they are cheaper than before. (Besides / However) _____________ 二、根据句意写出画线部分的汉语释义。 1. I completed the senior course of Computer Basics, plus five relevant pre-college courses. _____________ 2. This is not an exciting car to drive, but on the plus side it is extremely reliable. _____________ 3. What some people regard as a drawback（缺点）is seen as a plus by many others. _____________ 4. My job is to introduce British visitors to the 120-plus pandas. _____________ occur 一、根据所给汉语，完成下列句子。 1. _________________________（我没有想到）that he might have had problems. 2. Emerson would always set down new ideas _______________ ______________（他想到的）. 3. I suppose ________________________________（她根本没想到要请求帮助）. 4. _________________________（他突然想到）that he had left his keys in the office. 二、选出适当的词或短语，并用其正确形式填空。 occur happen take place 1. The Olympics __________________ every four years. 2. No one knows exactly what __________________ but several people have been hurt. 3. The instructions say: “If any adverse（不利的）reactions __________________, discontinue use and consult your doctor.” grab 一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。 1.She grabbed the child’s hand and ran. ___________ 2. The book is full of good ideas to grab the students’ attention. ___________ 3. Hang on while I grab a cup of coffee. ___________ 二、根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。 1. I think you should ________________________________ （抓住机会）to travel while you’re young. rescue 汉译英。 1. 救援人员 ______________________ 2. 营救某人 (n) ______________________ 3. 营救行动 _____________________________ 4. 从……中救出某人 (v) ______________________ claim 写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。 1. No one had called to claim the dog, so Ann decided to keep it. ___________ 2. He tried to claim that he had acted in self-defence. ____________ 3. The company claims that their product “makes you thin without dieting”. ___________ 4. Heart disease is the biggest killer, claiming 180,000 lives a year. ___________ 5. The group claimed responsibility for a series of bombings. ____________ 6. If you’re still not satisfied, you may be able to claim cash checks. ____________ 7. The Foreign Affairs Department has denied（否认）claims that the men were ill-treated. __________ 8. The company had made false claims about its products. ____________ Developing ideas部分 1. billion 词源：来自法语，由 bi- (two 两个) + million 构成，本义是 million million (万亿)。后来也许是因为“万亿”这个单位太大，billion在法语中的含义从“万亿”变成了“十亿”。美国人也采用了法国人的做法，可能是因为在美国独立战争中美国人和法国人并肩和英国人作战的缘故。法国从1948年开始将 billion 的含义恢复到它的本意“万亿”，但美国依然坚持用 billion 来表示“十亿”而非“万亿”。就这样，同一个英语单词 billion，在美国和英国的含义相差了整整一千倍。随着美国文化影响力日益增大，越来越多的英国人也开始采用美国人的做法，用 billion 来表示“十亿”而非“万亿”。 词块：billions of 2. lap 熟词生义：（跑道等的）一圈 词块：sit in / on sb’s lap 3. nowhere 近义词：not anywhere 词块： nowhere near enough, nowhere to be found / seen 4. otherwise other + -wise (以……方式)；句子副词 5. helicopter 拓展plane, aeroplane, airplane, aircraft 6. midnight mid (在……中) + night 词块：at midnight 7. county 来自count (伯爵)，伯爵管辖的土地 → 郡、县 法国作家大仲马有著名作品：《基督山伯爵》 (The Count of Monte Cristo) 8. threat & threaten 词族：threat, threaten, threatening 词块：a threat to sth, threaten to do sth 9. sufficient 正式用语，对应 enough 10. shelter 一词多义：基本义“提供保护的建筑” 词块：take shelter from 抽象名词具体化 名词动词化：shelter … from otherwise adv ① 以另外方式；别样： Unless otherwise assigned a seat by the teacher, I always chose to sit at the back of the classroom. I can’t meet you on Sunday. I’ll be otherwise occupied / engaged (= doing sth else). ②［句子副词］否则；不然： You’ll have to go now, otherwise you’ll miss your bus. Thanks for your directions to the house; we wouldn’t have found it otherwise. ③［句子副词］除此以外： There was some music playing upstairs. Otherwise the house was silent. threat n ① [C] & [U] 威胁；恐吓： the threat of violence ② [C]［常用单数］构成威胁的人 / 事物： Pollution poses a threat to the continued existence of this species. ③ [U] & [C]［常用单数］凶兆： There was a threat of typhoon. threaten v ① vt 威胁；恐吓；危及到： Traffic issues not only affect our everyday life, but may also threaten people’s lives. threaten to do sth: David threatened to report his neighbor to the police if the damages were not paid. ② vt & vi 预示（……的）凶兆： The dark clouds threatened rain. ► threatening adj 带有威胁的 property n ① [U] 所有物；财产；资产；（房）地产： intellectual property Information is our most important property.a property developer ② [C]［常用复数］［正式用语］性质；性能；特性： As a botanist, he takes notes on the properties of any plant he encounters. shelter n ① [C] 遮盖物；躲避处；避难所：（暂时性） We should find a shelter from the wind. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. ② [U] 居所；住处 Food, clothing, fuel and shelter are the four most basic human needs. ③ [U] 保护；掩蔽；庇护： find / take shelter from the rain They were standing under the shelter of a huge tree. 、 名词动化 ① vt 掩蔽；保护； Graduation represents moving from the sheltered life of high school into the real world. shelter ... from: Trees were planted to shelter this area from strong sand storms. ② vi 躲避；避难： We sat in the shade, sheltering from the sun. 本单元金句汇总 1. I can’t meet you on Sunday. I’ll be otherwise occupied / engaged. 2. Traffic issues not only affect our everyday life, but may also threaten people’s lives. 3. Information is our most important property. 4. We should find a shelter from the wind. 5. Food, clothing, fuel and shelter are the four most basic human needs. 6. Trees were planted to shelter this area from strong sand storms. 随堂检测 otherwise 写出下列句子中画线词的汉语释义。 1. The workers were not better organized, otherwise they would have completed the task in half the time. ______________ 2. All the photographs in this book, unless stated otherwise, date from the 1950s.______________ 3. They first found 10 overweight and inactive（不活动的）but otherwise healthy young men, whose lifestyles are, for better and worse, representative（有代表性的）of those of most of us. _____________ threat & threaten 一、写出下列句子中画线部分精准的汉语释义。 1. His position as leader is under threat. ___________________ 2. The day began cold and gray; a cover of low and dark clouds threatened rain.___________________ 二、在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1. Everyone agreed that climate change is ____ threat. 2. For most people, snakes seem unpleasant or even ____________ (threaten). 3. Pollution poses a threat _____ the continued existence of this species. 4. Traffic issues not only affect our everyday life, but may also ____________ (threat) people’s lives. property 一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。 1. a property developer ________________ 2. lost property office ________________ 3. a plant with medicinal properties ________________ 4. Information is our most important property. ________________ 5. He owns a number of properties in the centre of London. ___________ 6. One of the properties of copper is that it conducts heat and electricity very well. ___________ shelter 一、英译汉。 1. to take shelter from the storm ________________ 2. food and shelter ______________________ 3. a homeless shelter ______________________ 二、汉译英。 1. 备受呵护的生活 ______________________ 2. 动物收容所 ______________________ 3. 在……的庇护下 ______________________ 4. 躲避…… (n) ______________________ 三、根据提示完成下列句子。 1. He is trying to ________________________________（庇护他弟弟不受责备）. (v) 2. I was dressed heavily and ______________________________（在寒风凛冽的天气里受到了很好的庇护）. (freezing and blowing) 3. He _________________________________（避雨）under a bridge. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$