衔接点05 动词时态（现在时）（初高考点差异及衔接）-2024年初升高英语无忧衔接（通用版）

衔接点05 动词时态（现在时）（初高考点差异及衔接） 初中要求 学习了一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时等的构成和用法，掌握了这些时态的使用范围。 高中要求 熟记各现在时态的基本概念并掌握其用法, 另外还应特别注意以下几点: 把握各种时态的特点, 注意易混淆时态间的差异; 准确理解具体语境下时态的正确意义, 捕捉句子中所隐含的时间信息; 要克服汉语式的思维, 排除误导, 培养发散性思维。 【初中现在时考点聚焦】 考点1.一般现在时 1.Chinese Language Day 　　　　on April 20th every year， the same day as Guyu.(fall)   答案　falls　考查一般现在时。根据本句中的时间状语on April 20th every year可知，谓语动词用一般现在时，主语Chinese Language Day 为第三人称单数，故填falls。 2.His parents hope he can follow his heart when he 　　　　　　(选择) his job.  答案　chooses/picks　考查一般现在时。“选择”用choose/pick 来表示，设空处作时间状语从句的谓语，由主句谓语动词hope可知，此处也应用一般现在时，时间状语从句主语he为第三人称单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故答案为 chooses/picks。 考点2.现在进行时 1.Look! The children 　　　　　(circle) a robot， talking about science development.  答案　are circling　考查现在进行时。根据“Look!”可知，此句用现在进行时，空格处填are circling。指孩子们正围着一个机器人。 2.The whole town is c　　　 the opening of the new bridge with a huge party.  答案　celebrating　考查现在进行时。根据后文中的party可知动词是庆祝celebrate，根据前文is可知，此处是现在进行时，注意要去掉celebrate结尾不发音的e再加⁃ing，故填celebrating。 3.It seems that families are 　　　　more and more time together.(spend)  答案　spending　考查现在进行时。根据语境可知，spend与其主语families为主动关系，结合空前的are可知句子只能为现在进行时，设空处应填spend的⁃ing形式，故填spending。 考点3.现在完成时 1.I saw Harry in February and I 　　　him since then.  A.didn’t see B.won’t see C.haven’t seen D.don’t see 答案　C　考查现在完成时。根据时间状语since then可知，此处应用现在完成时。故选C。 2.—My father and I 　　　a lot of photos at the same place in the past ten years.  —Those photos must be your valuable memories. A.have taken　　　　 B.will take C.take　　　　 D.were taking 答案　A　考查现在完成时。由时间状语“in the past ten years”和语境可知，应用现在完成时。故选A。 【高中现在时考点聚焦】 考纲解读 动词的时态和语态是历年高考的重点, 考生应熟记各种时态的基本概念并掌握其用法, 另外还应特别注意以下几点: 把握各种时态的特点, 注意易混淆时态间的差异; 准确理解具体语境下时态的正确意义, 捕捉句子中所隐含的时间信息; 要克服汉语式的思维, 排除误导, 培养发散性思维。 考点清单 考点一、一般现在时四种典型用法 要点精讲1：表示经常发生的动作或存在的状态，常有标志性时间副词always, every day等。在语法填空科技类说明文，以及短文改错介绍客观事实经常用一般现在时。 例1：I leave home for school at 7:00 am every day. 例2：He always takes a walk after supper. 要点精讲2：表示客观事实和普遍真理常用一般现在时。 例1：The teacher told us that the earth moves around the sun. 例2：Sound travels faster through water than it does through air. 要点精讲3：在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，常用一般现在时代替将来时，即“主将从现”。 例1：I'll write to you as soon as I arrive there. 例2：Whether he agrees or not, I will stay at home. 要点精讲4：表示飞机、火车、轮船（“飞火轮”）周期性时刻表且有明确时间状语，常用一般现在时。 例1：The train for Nanjing leaves at 6:05 tomorrow morning. 例2：The next plane arrives at 3:15 this afternoon. 1.New year in Chinese people’s eyes means a family reunion. Every year 　　　　(see) the largest annual mass migration on the planet when one sixth of the world’s population travel home to celebrate with their families.  答案sees句意:在中国人眼中,新年意味着家人团聚,每年世界上六分之一的人回家与家人一起庆祝,这是地球上最大规模的年度人口迁移。根据Every year 可知,此处应用一般现在时;再结合句意可知,主语是Every year,此处是拟人化的用法,see 在此处表示"遭受,历经",故用其第三人称单数形式。 2.An hour of swimming　　　　(burn) almost as many calories as an hour of running.   答案burns句意:游泳一小时消耗的卡路里与跑步一小时消耗的几乎一样多。此处叙述的是客观事实,因此用一般现在时。 考点二、现在进行时四种典型用法 要点精讲1：现在进行时表示此时此刻正在进行的动作，常有now, at present, currently, Look, Listen, at the moment等标志性词汇。 例1：Be quiet! The baby is sleeping. 例2：Listen! She is singing an English song. 要点精讲2：现在进行时还可以表示现阶段但并非眼下正在进行着的动作，这种动作常与表示一段的时间状语连用，如these days , this week等。 例1：They are planting trees on the hill these days. 例2：I don't really work here; I am just helping out until the new secretary arrives. 要点精讲3：go, come, leave, take, run等瞬间动词的现在进行时可以表示将来发生的动作。 例1：Jane and Betty are going on holiday in a few days. 例2：Where are you staying in Guangzhou? 要点精讲4：always, forever, continually, constantly等频度副词与现在进行时连用表示赞扬、抱怨、不满等感情色彩。 例1：He is constantly leaving his things about.（表责怪） 例2：They are forever quarreling about something. (不满) 1.—Are you still very busy? —Yes, I 　　　　(write) a report for the manager but it won’t take long.  【答案】am writing答句表示"是的,我正在给经理写报告,但不会花很长时间",根据问句中的still及答句中的won’t 可知,"写"这个动作在说话时正在进行,因此应用现在进行时。 2.—Have you ever seen Peter recently? —Yes. He　　　　(ask) me how you　　　　(get) along with your job these days.  【答案】asked; are getting句意:"最近你见过彼得吗?""见过。他问我你近来工作进展怎么样。"由句意和语境可知,第一空应用一般过去时表示过去某个时间所发生的动作;主句时态为一般过去时,按常规而言从句也应用过去的某种时态,但此处是特殊情况,由从句中的时间状语these days可知,从句表示的是现在依然存在的情况,所以第二空应用现在进行时。 3.Your older sister ____________(leave) tomorrow morning and you’d better get up early to see her off. 【答案】is leaving 考查现在进行时表将来。句意：你的姐姐明天早上就要离开了，你最好起早点去为她送行。此处用现在进行时表按照计划安排好的将要发生的事情。 考点三、现在完成时三种典型用法 要点精讲1：表示从过去某时开始的动作一直持续到现在并有可能继续下去。常见标志词：副词型---already, ever, never, recently, lately, yet；短语型---so far, every since, for days, up to now, in the past two years, over the weeks等。概括为：发生在过去，影响在现在。 例1：Since then, he has developed another bad habit. 例2：Up to now, everything has been OK. 例3：There has been no rain here for nearly two months. 要点精讲2：在It/This is the first/second/third…time+ that…从句中，从句常用现在完成时。但是主语是过去时，从句要用过去完成时。 例1：It is the first time that I have spoken in public. 要点精讲3：在It/This is the best/worst… + 名词+定语从句中，从句常用现在完成时。 例：This is the most interesting novel that he has ever written. 在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1. So far more than one friend ____________ (invite) to my birthday party to be held tomorrow. 2.The reports went missing in 2012 and nobody ____________ (see) them since. 3.China’s high-speed railways ____________ (grow) from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few years. 4.The musician along with his band members ___________(give) ten performances in the last three months. 5.I don't see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I ___________ (make) over the years. 6.Diets have changed in China — and so too has its top crop. Since 2011, the country ________ (grow) more corn than rice. 7. This is the first time that he __________(compete) against a tennis champion. 8. It was the second time he ____________ (make) the same mistake. 9. Zhong Nanshan is the most distinguished doctor in China that ___________(recognize) internationally. 10. It is the most instructive lecture that I ___________ (attend) since I came to this school. 【答案与解析】 1. has been invited。so far常与现在完成时连用；more than one接单数名词，谓语也用单数；语境暗示被动语态。故答案是has been invited。 2. has seen。句末since是解答本题关键，since, ever since等常与现在完成时连用。故答案是has seen。 3. have grown。in the past few years常与现在完成时连用。故答案是have grown。 4. has given。in the last three months暗示用现在完成时；along with是介词短语，谓语应与前边主语The musician保持一致一致，单数意义。故答案是has given。 5. have made。over the years暗示现在完成时。故答案是have made。 6. has grown。Since 2011应与现在完成时连用，单数。故答案是has grown。 7. has competed。在It/This is the first/second/third…time+ that…从句中，从句常用现在完成时。故答案是has competed。 8. had made。在It/This was the first/second/third…time+ that…从句中，从句常用过去完成时。故答案是had made。 9. has been recognized。在It/This is the best/worst… + 名词+定语从句中，从句常用现在完成时；同时语境暗示被动语态。故答案是has been recognized。 10. have attended。在It/This is the best/worst… + 名词+定语从句中，从句常用现在完成时；since从句也是暗示。故答案是have attended。 考点四、现在完成进行时典型用法 要点精讲1：现在完成进行时表示一个近期内时断时续、重复发生的动作，常和for，since引导的时间状语连用。 例1：We have been discussing the matter several times this year. 例2：He has been writing articles to the newspapers and magazines since he became a teacher. 要点精讲2：现在完成进行时和现在完成时的用法比较 区别 现在完成进行时 现在完成时 区别一 表示动作的重复 一般不表示重复性 区别二 含有感情色彩 一般是平铺直叙 区别三 强调事情的过程 强调事情结果 例1：Have you been meeting him recently? 你最近常和他见面吗？ 例2：Have you met him recently? 你最近见到过他吗？ 例3：I have been waiting for you for two hours. 我一直等了你两个小时。（可能表示不满） 例4：I have waited for you for two hours. 我等了你两个小时。（说明一个事实） 例5：Who has been eating the oranges? 谁一直在吃这些桔子呀？（还剩余一些） 例6：Who has eaten the oranges? 谁把桔子吃光了？（强调吃得一个不剩） 在空白处填括号内单词的正确形式。 1.Mary____________ (work) really hard on his book and thinks he’ll have finished it by Friday. 2.—Excuse me, which movie are you waiting for? —The new Star Wars. We __________(wait)here for more than two hours. 3.Dashan, who_________(learn) crosstalk, the Chinese comedic tradition, for decades, wants to mix it up with the Western stand-up tradition. 4. I think Ana________(finish) her packing since she started getting things ready early this morning. 5.—You are a great swimmer. —Thanks. It’s because I __________(practice) a lot these days. 6. So far the local government ________ (adopt)new policies which aim to reduce air pollution and they’ve proved effective. 【答案与解析】 1. has been working。现在完成进行时表示一个近期内时断时续、重复发生的动作，强调持续性，不间断性。故答案是has been working。 2. have been waiting。现在完成进行时表示一个近期内时断时续、重复发生的动作，常和for，since引导的时间状语连用。故答案是have been waiting。 3. has been learning。现在完成进行时表示一个近期内时断时续、重复发生的动作，强调持续性、未完成性。故答案是has been learning。 4. has finished。考查时态。分析句子可知，“Ana　　　(finish) her packing since she started getting things ready early this morning.”是宾语从句，提示词在句中作谓语动词，与主语Ana之间是主动关系；结合主句“I think”和从句“since she started getting things ready early this morning”中时态可知，Ana一大早就开始准备，“我”认为她现在已经收拾完毕，强调现在的结果，应用现在完成时；主语Ana是单数名词，谓语动词也用单数形式。故填has finished。 5. have been practising。现在完成进行时表示一个近期内时断时续、重复发生的动作，强调持续性、未完成性。故答案是have been practising。 6. has adopted。考查动词时态。根据时间状语So far可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语是名词单数government，助动词用has。故填has adopted。 1.— Look at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight 1026 _______ off at 17: 20. A. takes B. took C. will be taken D. has taken 【答案】A 【解析】飞机起飞的时间是时间表上的安排，所以无论将来什么时候发生都用一般现在时，答案应是A。 2.This machine . It hasn’t worked for years. A. didn’t work B. wasn’t working C. doesn’t work D. isn’t working 【答案】C 【解析】机器闲置了很多年。所以现在的状况也是不运转的，用一般现在时表示现在的状态，故答案为C。 3.The house belongs to my aunt but she here anymore. A. hasn’t lived B. didn’t live C. had lived D. doesn’t live 【答案】D 【解析】句中的谓语动词是现在时，故不住在这里也应该是现在的情况，答案应为D。 4.Months ago we sailed ten thousand miles across this open sea, which _______ the Pacific, and we met no storms. A. was called B. is called C. had been called D. has been called 【答案】B 【解析】尽管我们横渡太平洋是几个月前的事情，但是海洋的名称是存在的事实，所以用一般现在时，答案是B。 5.I have to go to work by taxi because my car _______ at the garage. A. will be repaired B. is repaired C. is being repaired D. has been repaired 【答案】C 【解析】句中的谓语动词是现在时态，所以现在汽车正在被修理，故答案选C。 6.Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belt. The plane _______. A. takes off B. is taking off C. has taken off D. took off 【答案】B 【解析】用进行时表示飞机即将起飞。答案是B。 7.Although medical science control over several dangerous diseases, what worries us is that some of them are returning. A. Achieved B. has achieved C. will achieve D. had achieve 【答案】B 【解析】尽管句中未出现时间状语，我们从句意可以判断医学已经控制住了一些危险的疾病，所以答案是B。 8.My friend, who _______ on the International Olympic Committee all his life, is retiring next month. A. served B. is serving C. had served D. has served 【答案】D 【解析】此题中的时间状语“all his life”说明My friend从过去到现在一直在奥委会工作，答案应是D。 9.My brother is an actor. He _______ in several films so far. A. appears B. appeared C. has appeared D. is appearing 【答案】C 【解析】句中的时间状语so far和现在完成时连用，意为：到目前为止，所以答案是C。 10.Now that she is out of a job, Lucy going back to school, but she hasn’t decided yet. A. has considered B. has been considering C. consider D. is going to consider 【答案】B 【解析】因为失业，Lucy一直考虑重返校园，但是到现在还没做出决定，所以答案为B。 二．语法填空 Last weekend, I was lucky enough 1 (tour) the World Heritage city of Pingyao in Shanxi province. The ancient city 2 (preserve) within the original city wall. The highlight(最精彩部分) of our tour was a visit 3 the famous Qiao family compound(乔家大院), about 30 kilometers north of Pingyao. It was 4 the Chinese film Raise the Red Lantern was shot, directed by Zhang Yimou in 1991. We went there in the evening and the warm, clear weather made it the perfect time to appreciate this 18th century marvel(奇迹) of Chinese architecture. Qiao Guifa started building 5 compound in 1756 during the Qing Dynasty. Who was he? Qiao began his life as a servant, 6 rose to become one of the most successful 7 (businessman) of the age. The large, splendid home he established 8 (have) six main courtyards, 20 smaller ones and 313 rooms in all. Qiao lived there with his family and dozens of servants, as did later generations of his family. 9 may surprise you to hear that one of the best parts of the trip was the hotel I stayed in. It was no 5-star place, but an authentic 18th century building. As I dropped off to sleep in the 10 (comfort) bed in my simple room, I felt as if I had traveled back to another century. 【答案】 1. to tour/to have toured 2. is preserved/has been preserved 3. to 4. where 5. the 6. but 7. businessmen 8. has/had 9. It 10. comfortable 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者在参观平遥古城时对乔家大院留下了深刻的印象。 1.考查非谓语动词。句意：上周末，我很幸运地参观了山西省的世界遗产平遥古城。be+adj+to do表示“做某事是……的”，也可以理解成非谓语表示的动作发生在was lucky之前，所以用不定式的完成式，故填to tour/to have toured。 2.考查时态语态。句意：这座古城保留在原始的城墙之内。The ancient city与preserve之间是被动关系，陈述的是客观事实，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，也可以理解成为过去的动作对现在的影响，用现在完成时的被动语态，故填is preserved/has been preserved。 3.考查介词。句意：我们这次旅行最精彩的部分是参观了著名的乔家大院。a visit to表示：参观……，故填to。 4.考查表语从句。句意：1991年张艺谋导演的中国电影《大红灯笼高高挂》就是在这里拍摄的。分析句子结构可知此处为表语从句，从句中缺少地点状语，故填where。 5.考查定冠词。句意：乔贵发在清朝1756年开始盖这个大院。compound在文中第二次出现，应该用定冠词表特指，故填the。 6.考查连词。句意：乔贵发起初是一个仆人，但后来成为那个时代最成功的商人之一。根据句意可知前后是转折关系，故填but。 7.考查名词复数。one of后接可数名词复数，故填businessmen。 8.考查时态。句意：他盖的这座富丽堂皇的大院共有6个主要庭院，20个较小的庭院和313个房间。陈述的是客观事实，应该用一般现在时，也可理解成发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时，故填has/had。 9.考查形式主语。句意：听到旅行中最精彩的部分之一就是我入住的酒店，也许你会感到很惊讶。此处用It作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式，故填It。 10.考查形容词。句意：当我置身于简朴的房间躺在舒适的床上入睡时，我感觉自己仿佛到了另一个世纪。修饰名词bed用形容词，表示“舒适的”，故填comfortable。 Natural disasters like earthquakes and storms can pull down buildings easily. It's difficult for the search and rescue teams(搜救队)to find those who are trapped(陷于困境) in the fallen buildings. But an unlikely assistant, mice, is being trained up to help out. The project started by Belgian APOPO, is planning to tie tiny, high- tech backpacks to mice to help search for survivors（幸存者）. “Mice like to explore—and that is key for search and rescue.” said Donna Kean. a scientist and leader of the project.“ Besides, their small size and excellent sense of smell make them perfect for locating(定位）things in small spaces.” The mice are being trained in a basic environment at present. They must first locate the target(目标) person in an empty room, pull a switch that starts an alarm on their clothes, and then return home, where they are given a treat. For the next part of training, Kean said the team would create "disaster-similar areas”.Once the mice are confident in these areas, the project will move to Turkey for further preparation in more real environments. If that goes well, the mice would probably enter real- life situations. The mice are still in the early progress of training. . And APOPO is working with the Eindhoven University of Technology to develop a backpack with a video camera, a two-way microphone, and a locating tool to help communicate with survivors. “Together with the backpack and the training, the mice are very useful for search and rescue,” said Kean. "Even if our mice find just one survivor, we would be happy to know they have made a difference somewhere.” 1.According to the passage, What’s the reason for mice to be chosen for search and rescue? ① Because their nature of exploring. ② Because their small sizes. ③ Because their ability to smell something ④ Because their perfect eyesight in the dark. A.①②③ B.①③④ C.②③④ D.①②④ 2.Which paragraph tells how the mice are trained? A. Paragraph 1. B. Paragraph 2. C. Paragraph 3. D. Paragraph 4. 3.What can we learn from the passage? A. Donna Kean is a survivor in an earthquake. B. The mice are being trained in real-life situations. C. APOPO scientists haven't invented the high-tech backpack. D. The mice are often given a treat before they complete the task. 4.What does Donna Kean think of the project? A. Nervous. B. Interesting. C. Hopeful. D. Impossible. 长难句分析 原句：（第一段最后一句)It's difficult for the search and rescue teams to find those who are trapped in the fallen buildings. 译文：搜救队很难找到那些被困在倒塌建筑中的人。 分析：本句是一个复合句。It在句中是形式主语，真正的主语是to find those who are trapped in the fallen buildings；其中，who引导了一个定语从句，修饰先行词those。 译文 像地震和暴风雨这样的自然灾害很容易摧毁建筑物。搜救队很难找到那些被困在倒塌建筑物中的人。 但是一个不太可能的助手——老鼠，正在被训练来帮忙搜救。该项目由比利时APOPO组织发起，计划将微小的高科技背包绑在老鼠身上，以帮助搜寻幸存者。 “老鼠喜欢探索，这一点是搜救工作的关键。”科学家兼该项目的负责人Donna Kean说，“此外，它们小巧的体型和敏锐的嗅觉使它们非常适合在狭小的空间里找准物品的位置。” 目前，这些老鼠正在一个基础的环境中接受训练。首先，它们必须在一个空房间里找到目标人物，拉动衣服上的开关，启动警报，然后回家，在那里它们会得到一份奖励。 至于下一步训练，Kean说该团队将创建“类似灾区的区域”。一旦老鼠在这些区域得心应手，该项目将转移到土耳其，在更真实的环境中做进一步准备。如果进展顺利，老鼠可能会进入真实的生活环境中。 这些老鼠仍处于训练的早期进展阶段。APOPO 正在与 Eindhoven 理工大学合作，开发一种带有摄像机、双向麦克风和定位工具的背包，以帮助与幸存者沟通。 “通过配备背包和训练，老鼠在灾难搜救工作中非常有用。”Kean 说，“即使我们的老鼠仅仅找到一位幸存者，我们也会很高兴地知道它们在某个地方发挥了作用。 答案详析 1.A细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Mice like to explore—and that is key for search and rescue”可知，老鼠喜欢探索，这一点是搜救工作的关键；根据第三段最后一句“Besides，their small size and excellent sense of smell make them perfect for locating things in small spaces.”可知，它们小巧的体型和敏锐的嗅觉使它们非常适合在狭小的空间里找准物品的位置。文章没有提到老鼠的视力如何，故选①②③. 2.D推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知，目前,这些老鼠正在一个基本的环境中接受训练。它们必须首先在一个空房间里找到目标人物，拉动衣服上的开关，启动警报，然后回家。故第四段主要介绍了这些老鼠是如何被训练的。 3.D细节理解题。根据第六段中的“An APOPO is working with... develop a backpack...”可知，APOPO正在与埃因霍芬理工大学合作，开发一种带有摄像机、双向麦克风和定位工具的背包。由此可知，该高科技背包还在开发阶段，APOPO的科学家还未真正地发明出这种背包。 4.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，Kean认为，通过配备背包和训练，老鼠在灾难搜救工作中非常有用，即使他们的老鼠仅仅找到一位幸存者，他们也会很高兴地知道它们在某个地方发挥了作用。由此可推知，Kean认为这个项目有希望。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 衔接点05 动词时态（现在时）（初高考点差异及衔接） 初中要求 学习了一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时等的构成和用法，掌握了这些时态的使用范围。 高中要求 熟记各现在时态的基本概念并掌握其用法, 另外还应特别注意以下几点: 把握各种时态的特点, 注意易混淆时态间的差异; 准确理解具体语境下时态的正确意义, 捕捉句子中所隐含的时间信息; 要克服汉语式的思维, 排除误导, 培养发散性思维。 【初中现在时考点聚焦】 考点1.一般现在时 1.Chinese Language Day 　　　　on April 20th every year， the same day as Guyu.(fall)   2.His parents hope he can follow his heart when he 　　　　　　(选择) his job.  考点2.现在进行时 1.Look! The children 　　　　　(circle) a robot， talking about science development.  2.The whole town is c　　　 the opening of the new bridge with a huge party.  3.It seems that families are 　　　　more and more time together.(spend)  考点3.现在完成时 1.I saw Harry in February and I 　　　him since then.  A.didn’t see B.won’t see C.haven’t seen D.don’t see 2.—My father and I 　　　a lot of photos at the same place in the past ten years.  —Those photos must be your valuable memories. A.have taken　　　　 B.will take C.take　　　　 D.were taking 【高中现在时考点聚焦】 考纲解读 动词的时态和语态是历年高考的重点, 考生应熟记各种时态的基本概念并掌握其用法, 另外还应特别注意以下几点: 把握各种时态的特点, 注意易混淆时态间的差异; 准确理解具体语境下时态的正确意义, 捕捉句子中所隐含的时间信息; 要克服汉语式的思维, 排除误导, 培养发散性思维。 考点清单 考点一、一般现在时四种典型用法 要点精讲1：表示经常发生的动作或存在的状态，常有标志性时间副词always, every day等。在语法填空科技类说明文，以及短文改错介绍客观事实经常用一般现在时。 例1：I leave home for school at 7:00 am every day. 例2：He always takes a walk after supper. 要点精讲2：表示客观事实和普遍真理常用一般现在时。 例1：The teacher told us that the earth moves around the sun. 例2：Sound travels faster through water than it does through air. 要点精讲3：在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，常用一般现在时代替将来时，即“主将从现”。 例1：I'll write to you as soon as I arrive there. 例2：Whether he agrees or not, I will stay at home. 要点精讲4：表示飞机、火车、轮船（“飞火轮”）周期性时刻表且有明确时间状语，常用一般现在时。 例1：The train for Nanjing leaves at 6:05 tomorrow morning. 例2：The next plane arrives at 3:15 this afternoon. 1.New year in Chinese people’s eyes means a family reunion. Every year 　　　　(see) the largest annual mass migration on the planet when one sixth of the world’s population travel home to celebrate with their families.  2.An hour of swimming　　　　(burn) almost as many calories as an hour of running.   考点二、现在进行时四种典型用法 要点精讲1：现在进行时表示此时此刻正在进行的动作，常有now, at present, currently, Look, Listen, at the moment等标志性词汇。 例1：Be quiet! The baby is sleeping. 例2：Listen! She is singing an English song. 要点精讲2：现在进行时还可以表示现阶段但并非眼下正在进行着的动作，这种动作常与表示一段的时间状语连用，如these days , this week等。 例1：They are planting trees on the hill these days. 例2：I don't really work here; I am just helping out until the new secretary arrives. 要点精讲3：go, come, leave, take, run等瞬间动词的现在进行时可以表示将来发生的动作。 例1：Jane and Betty are going on holiday in a few days. 例2：Where are you staying in Guangzhou? 要点精讲4：always, forever, continually, constantly等频度副词与现在进行时连用表示赞扬、抱怨、不满等感情色彩。 例1：He is constantly leaving his things about.（表责怪） 例2：They are forever quarreling about something. (不满) 1.—Are you still very busy? —Yes, I 　　　　(write) a report for the manager but it won’t take long.  2.—Have you ever seen Peter recently? —Yes. He　　　　(ask) me how you　　　　(get) along with your job these days.  3.Your older sister ____________(leave) tomorrow morning and you’d better get up early to see her off. 考点三、现在完成时三种典型用法 要点精讲1：表示从过去某时开始的动作一直持续到现在并有可能继续下去。常见标志词：副词型---already, ever, never, recently, lately, yet；短语型---so far, every since, for days, up to now, in the past two years, over the weeks等。概括为：发生在过去，影响在现在。 例1：Since then, he has developed another bad habit. 例2：Up to now, everything has been OK. 例3：There has been no rain here for nearly two months. 要点精讲2：在It/This is the first/second/third…time+ that…从句中，从句常用现在完成时。但是主语是过去时，从句要用过去完成时。 例1：It is the first time that I have spoken in public. 要点精讲3：在It/This is the best/worst… + 名词+定语从句中，从句常用现在完成时。 例：This is the most interesting novel that he has ever written. 在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1. So far more than one friend ____________ (invite) to my birthday party to be held tomorrow. 2.The reports went missing in 2012 and nobody ____________ (see) them since. 3.China’s high-speed railways ____________ (grow) from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few years. 4.The musician along with his band members ___________(give) ten performances in the last three months. 5.I don't see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I ___________ (make) over the years. 6.Diets have changed in China — and so too has its top crop. Since 2011, the country ________ (grow) more corn than rice. 7. This is the first time that he __________(compete) against a tennis champion. 8. It was the second time he ____________ (make) the same mistake. 9. Zhong Nanshan is the most distinguished doctor in China that ___________(recognize) internationally. 10. It is the most instructive lecture that I ___________ (attend) since I came to this school. 考点四、现在完成进行时典型用法 要点精讲1：现在完成进行时表示一个近期内时断时续、重复发生的动作，常和for，since引导的时间状语连用。 例1：We have been discussing the matter several times this year. 例2：He has been writing articles to the newspapers and magazines since he became a teacher. 要点精讲2：现在完成进行时和现在完成时的用法比较 区别 现在完成进行时 现在完成时 区别一 表示动作的重复 一般不表示重复性 区别二 含有感情色彩 一般是平铺直叙 区别三 强调事情的过程 强调事情结果 例1：Have you been meeting him recently? 你最近常和他见面吗？ 例2：Have you met him recently? 你最近见到过他吗？ 例3：I have been waiting for you for two hours. 我一直等了你两个小时。（可能表示不满） 例4：I have waited for you for two hours. 我等了你两个小时。（说明一个事实） 例5：Who has been eating the oranges? 谁一直在吃这些桔子呀？（还剩余一些） 例6：Who has eaten the oranges? 谁把桔子吃光了？（强调吃得一个不剩） 在空白处填括号内单词的正确形式。 1.Mary____________ (work) really hard on his book and thinks he’ll have finished it by Friday. 2.—Excuse me, which movie are you waiting for? —The new Star Wars. We __________(wait)here for more than two hours. 3.Dashan, who_________(learn) crosstalk, the Chinese comedic tradition, for decades, wants to mix it up with the Western stand-up tradition. 4. I think Ana________(finish) her packing since she started getting things ready early this morning. 5.—You are a great swimmer. —Thanks. It’s because I __________(practice) a lot these days. 6. So far the local government ________ (adopt)new policies which aim to reduce air pollution and they’ve proved effective. 1.— Look at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight 1026 _______ off at 17: 20. A. takes B. took C. will be taken D. has taken 2.This machine . It hasn’t worked for years. A. didn’t work B. wasn’t working C. doesn’t work D. isn’t working 3.The house belongs to my aunt but she here anymore. A. hasn’t lived B. didn’t live C. had lived D. doesn’t live 4.Months ago we sailed ten thousand miles across this open sea, which _______ the Pacific, and we met no storms. A. was called B. is called C. had been called D. has been called 5.I have to go to work by taxi because my car _______ at the garage. A. will be repaired B. is repaired C. is being repaired D. has been repaired 6.Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belt. The plane _______. A. takes off B. is taking off C. has taken off D. took off 7.Although medical science control over several dangerous diseases, what worries us is that some of them are returning. A. Achieved B. has achieved C. will achieve D. had achieve 8.My friend, who _______ on the International Olympic Committee all his life, is retiring next month. A. served B. is serving C. had served D. has served 9.My brother is an actor. He _______ in several films so far. A. appears B. appeared C. has appeared D. is appearing 10.Now that she is out of a job, Lucy going back to school, but she hasn’t decided yet. A. has considered B. has been considering C. consider D. is going to consider 二．语法填空 Last weekend, I was lucky enough 1 (tour) the World Heritage city of Pingyao in Shanxi province. The ancient city 2 (preserve) within the original city wall. The highlight(最精彩部分) of our tour was a visit 3 the famous Qiao family compound(乔家大院), about 30 kilometers north of Pingyao. It was 4 the Chinese film Raise the Red Lantern was shot, directed by Zhang Yimou in 1991. We went there in the evening and the warm, clear weather made it the perfect time to appreciate this 18th century marvel(奇迹) of Chinese architecture. Qiao Guifa started building 5 compound in 1756 during the Qing Dynasty. Who was he? Qiao began his life as a servant, 6 rose to become one of the most successful 7 (businessman) of the age. The large, splendid home he established 8 (have) six main courtyards, 20 smaller ones and 313 rooms in all. Qiao lived there with his family and dozens of servants, as did later generations of his family. 9 may surprise you to hear that one of the best parts of the trip was the hotel I stayed in. It was no 5-star place, but an authentic 18th century building. As I dropped off to sleep in the 10 (comfort) bed in my simple room, I felt as if I had traveled back to another century. Natural disasters like earthquakes and storms can pull down buildings easily. It's difficult for the search and rescue teams(搜救队)to find those who are trapped(陷于困境) in the fallen buildings. But an unlikely assistant, mice, is being trained up to help out. The project started by Belgian APOPO, is planning to tie tiny, high- tech backpacks to mice to help search for survivors（幸存者）. “Mice like to explore—and that is key for search and rescue.” said Donna Kean. a scientist and leader of the project.“ Besides, their small size and excellent sense of smell make them perfect for locating(定位）things in small spaces.” The mice are being trained in a basic environment at present. They must first locate the target(目标) person in an empty room, pull a switch that starts an alarm on their clothes, and then return home, where they are given a treat. For the next part of training, Kean said the team would create "disaster-similar areas”.Once the mice are confident in these areas, the project will move to Turkey for further preparation in more real environments. If that goes well, the mice would probably enter real- life situations. The mice are still in the early progress of training. . And APOPO is working with the Eindhoven University of Technology to develop a backpack with a video camera, a two-way microphone, and a locating tool to help communicate with survivors. “Together with the backpack and the training, the mice are very useful for search and rescue,” said Kean. "Even if our mice find just one survivor, we would be happy to know they have made a difference somewhere.” 1.According to the passage, What’s the reason for mice to be chosen for search and rescue? ① Because their nature of exploring. ② Because their small sizes. ③ Because their ability to smell something ④ Because their perfect eyesight in the dark. A.①②③ B.①③④ C.②③④ D.①②④ 2.Which paragraph tells how the mice are trained? A. Paragraph 1. B. Paragraph 2. C. Paragraph 3. D. Paragraph 4. 3.What can we learn from the passage? A. Donna Kean is a survivor in an earthquake. B. The mice are being trained in real-life situations. C. APOPO scientists haven't invented the high-tech backpack. D. The mice are often given a treat before they complete the task. 4.What does Donna Kean think of the project? A. Nervous. B. Interesting. C. Hopeful. D. Impossible. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$