假期必刷18 主题语境——科技发展与科学精神-【快乐假期】2024年高二英语暑假衔接一轮大作业

快乐假期 Never too late to learn.活到老，学到老。 假期必刷18 主题语境—科技发展与科学精神 完成日期： 月 H 主题词汇积累 核心单词 7.devoted 献身的：忠诚的 ●名词 8.systematic 系统的；有条理的 1.science 科学 9.technical 技术的；工艺的 2.statistics 统计学：统计数字 10.automatic 自动的 3.theory 理论 常用词块 4.robot 机器人 1.advanced science and technology 5.method 方法 先进的科学技术 6.database 数据库 2.rely too much on the Internet 7.software 软件 过度依赖网络 8.discovery 发现 3.find information quickly and easily 9.chip 芯片 快速、轻松地找到信息 10.conclusion 结论 4.in the digital age 在数字化时代 ●动词 5.have access to more information 1.invent 发明 可以使用更多的信息 2.update 更新 6.reduce face-to-face interaction 3.download 下载 减少面对面的交流 4.calculate 计算 7.make a breakthrough 取得突破 5.suspect 疑有：怀疑有 8.maintain digital privacy 6.contribute 做贡献 维护数字时代的隐私 7.develop 研制 9.accelerate the spread of information 8.simplify 简化 加速信息的传播 9.advance 前进；向前移动 10.apply modern technology to education 10.transplant 移植 将现代科技运用于教育 ●形容词 11.keep track of 1.convenient 方便的 跟上…的进展：掌握…的动态 2.smart 聪明的 12.subscribe to 同意，赞成 3.curious 好奇的 13.move with the times 与时俱进，顺应时代 4.determined 坚定的：有决心的 14.the invention of …的发明 5.artificial 人造的 15.with the popularity of the Internet 6.intelligent 智能的：聪明的 随着网络的普及 主体词汇练清 一、单词拼写（根据汉语提示写出单词） new method to cure that disease. 1.John Snow (怀疑)that the water from 3.In conclusion,only by being (聪明 the company was to blame for the disease. )online learners can we truly enjoy the 2.Tu Youyou and her team (研制)a benefits of modern technology. 76 三022 高二英类塔 4.Although this translation tool has some 三、固定搭配（在空格处填上1个适当的单词） (人工的)intelligence,it is still 1.Simply keeping a diary that keeps track not perfect. friends'birthdays and other im- 5.Qian Xuesen was (献身)to the portant dates will make sure nothing slips country's development of his motherland. by you. 6.The young scientist went to the west, 2.Whatever you want to get,you have to rely (决心)to do secret research.. your own efforts. 7.I would appreciate it if you could give us 3.Not only do we have free access some advice on how to improve our basketball courses,but also our school （机器人). holds various kinds of sports competitions. 8.They are working hard to find a new 4.He applied some medicine Jeff's (方法)of sloving the problem. hand,and then set out to help them clean 9.You have connected your workflow to the (数据库). up the mess,throwing away the burnt 10.I learned personal adjustment and the use toast. of a computer with adaptive (软 5. the popularity of the Internet,it 件). is convenient for students to search for in- 二、词形转换（用所给单词的正确形式填空） formation. 1.She hired some (technology)ex- 6.At that time,few scientist subscribed perts and started her own company. his theory of Relativity. 2.Developing the Yangtze River Economic 四、形变动词（用所给动词的正确形式填空） Belt is a (system)project. 1.Thanks to the (invent)of the mo- 3.Tom is more (intelligence)than bile phone,people can now keep in touch any other student/all the other students in with each other quite easily. his class. 2.We have to be very sensitive and work 4.Cars have become a popular means of trans- closely with the doctors and nurses,who port,bringing great convenient) keep us (update)on each patient. to our life. 3.This app is worth (download), 5.The lights switch off (automatic) because it's free and helpful for your Eng- when you leave the room. lish learning. 6.A11 (electric)computers consist 4.It (calculate)that the construction of five units although they are of different kinds. of the stadium will take two years. 7.We will have to adopt a more 5.The answer to the question needs to be (science)approach to preserve the tradi- simplify)in order to get the tional customs. children easier to understand. 8.It is predicted that more and more people 6.In order to bring (advance)theo- will need household (robot)to ries from foreign countries,he works hard help them do housework. every day. 77 火壑快乐假期 主题佳句赏析 1.The application of new technologies and the 如今，许多成年人对手机如此上瘾，以至于 wide appeal of movie stars could also ac- 甚至一些做父母的几乎忽视他们的孩子。 count for the increase. 这可能会产生有害的后果。 新技术的应用与电影明星的广泛吸引力也 4.So what matters is that we should educate 可以是票房上升的原因。 students to use the Internet in an appropri- 2.Moreover,students can go online to ac- ate way,thus turning it into a useful tool quire knowledge for themselves,thus en- that serves us best. hancing their ability of independent learn- 因此，重要的是我们应该教育学生用适当的 ing,critical thinking and self-discipline. 方法使用互联网，因此，把它变成一个有用 此外，学生可以自己上网获取知识，从而提 的工具，竭诚为我们服务。 高他们的自主学习能力、批判性思维能力 5.People believe that computer skills will en- 和自律能力。 3.These days many adults become so hooked hance their job opportunities or promotion on mobile phones that some,as parents, opportunities. even come close to ignoring their children. 人们相信，计算机技术将会增加他们的工作 This might produce harmful results. 或晋升机会。 主体文本集训 I.阅读理解 word or a phrase but does not speak it,Al- If you were a superhero,what would terEgo picks up the neuromuscular(神经肌 your superpower be?Would you want to fly signals in that person's jaw and face.Al- or be invisible?Or,perhaps,you'd rather terEgo sends those signals to a computer, have the power to read minds?Wouldn't that which is programmed to associate them with be cool? specific words. Reading minds is not as far-fetched as The device is fairly accurate.In a 10-per- you might think.In fact,researchers at the son trial,AlterEgo had a 92%transcription Massachusetts Institute of Technology have (转录)accuracy.Researchers say that num developed a wearable device that can actually ber will increase over time."Our idea was: express a person's thoughts and allow them to talk to a computer-without anyone else hear- Could we have a computing platform that's ing. more internal,that combines human and ma- The device,called AlterEgo,allows a chine in some ways and that feels like an in- person to control a computer and ask it ques- ternal extension of our own thoughts?"Arnav tions without ever saying one word.When Kapur,a graduate student at the MIT Media the individual wearing the device thinks of a Lab said. 78 三0022 二语 So what effect could this have on commu- 4.Which of the following can be a suitable ti- nication?AlterEgo can change the way hu- tle for the text? mans interact with computers,allowing us to A.AlterEgo Frees People of Thinking silently connect with AI assistants such as B.Wearable Device Controls Computer Amazon's Alexa,Google's Assistant or C.Silent Reader of Your Mind Comes True Apple's Siri without anyone knowing.If a D.Communication Is Easy with AI Assistants person is having a conversation and wants to Ⅱ.阅读七选五 look up a bit of information,they don't have How to Succeed in Science to take out their digital device;instead they To succeed in science,you need a lot can just think of the question.AlterEgo will more than luck.In my view,you have to com- answer without interrupting the conversation. bine intelligence with a willingness not to fol- The device can also help people communicate low conventions when they block your for- in noisy situations,such as on a factory floor ward path.Thus,these have come to be my or in the airport. rules for success. 1.Why are the questions raised in Paragraph 1? 1 A.To ask readers for their opinions. That might sound proud,but the fact is B.To introduce the topic of the passage. that you must always turn to people who are C.To inspire readers'imagination. brighter than you.It's like playing any game. D.To show the author's curiosity. Even as a child,I never wanted to play games 2.What does the underlined word“them”in with anyone who was as bad as I was.If you Paragraph 3 refer to? win,it gives you no pleasure.And in the game A.The questions. of science or life,the highest goal isn't simply B.The computers. to win;it's to win at something really diffi- C.The signals. cult.2 D.The words. Take risks. 3.What influence will AlterEgo have on To make a huge success,a scientist has people's communication? to be prepared to get into deep trouble.If you A.People can apply AI assistants skillfully. are going to make a huge jump in science,you B.People will make good mind-readers. will very likely be unqualified to succeed by C.People no longer need mobile phones. definition. 3 This can be more than per- D.People can communicate more smoothly. sonally upsetting. 79 火快乐假期 990a= Never do anything that bores you. He once waited for hours by a pool of water in My experience in science is that someone the Gobi Desert 2. (capture)an im- is always telling you to do things,and then age of the wild animal.Since 2012,he has led leaves you alone.I'm not good enough to do a team in tracking and studying wild camels well in something I dislike.4 using satellite remote sensing technology. It's very hard to succeed if you don't Unlike zoologists 3. focus on want to be with other scientists,because you species,Liu has studied the interrelationship have to go to key meetings where you spot between endangered animals 4. their key facts that would have escaped you.And environment,which he believes will help de- you have to chat with your competitors,even velop better protection strategies against the if you find them objectionable. background of climate change.By 5. So my final rule is:5 put)satellite positioning collars on wild cam- A.Avoid foolish people. els,his team can get to know their migratory B.Meet challenges with great courage. paths,living environments and possible threats C.In fact,I find it hard to do well in something I they may encounter.And thanks to China's BeiD- like. ou Navigation Satellite System,the special D.If you can't stand being with your real collar can send and receive 6. (sig- peers,get out of science. nal)in real time. E.Be sure you always have someone to save His latest discovery is 7. the you from a deep mess. suitable habitat range has shrunk greatly due F.Besides,you even have to be prepared to disbelieve your scientific heroes. to climate change,and that wild camels have G.Put another way,it's to go somewhere be- moved to 8. (cold)mountains and yond your ability and come out on top. higher-altitude regions as a result of climate Ⅲ.语法填空 change.Liu said this implies that the animals In the office of remote sensing scientist may face more dangers.He is also calling for Liu Shaochuang,there is a huge photograph an 9. (expand)of current protection of a camel he 1. (take)a decade ago zones and the establishment of a larger-scale in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. 10. (nation)park for the wild camels. 80##6朵假期 “knockyou off your feet”为穿越洪水时可能发生的危险, 7. B [细节理解题。根据第四段This is the rule of sports 与设空处后的具体危险相呼应。] 一thousands of losers set off one winner who in turn will 4.F [根据段落小标题可知,本段主要建议在洪水期间应 eventually be replaced by someone on the honor list. 可 及时关注了解当地信息。根据设空后的单词“So”可知, 知,我们可以从体育运动的规律中了解到,即使是最强的 设空处与设空处后一句构成因果关系。F项中的“wa 运动员也有被打败的一天。] ter...change”是设空处后一句建议人们听广播、上网、社 8.A [文章大意题。通读全文,尤其是最后一段Topartic 交媒体获取最新消息的原因。] ipate and to win一that is the Olympic spirit.可知,本文主 5.B [观察设空处位置及其他段落小标题特点可知,设空 要讲的是运动员的精神。] 处应为本段小标题且为祈使句,应能概括本段主旨。本 II. [语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文,文章就如何撰写职 段主要强调虽然洪水已经过去,但危险仍然存在,建议不 业发展规划给出了四个建议,旨在引导学生明确自己的职 要着急进入被洪水破坏的建筑内。因此,设空处也应与 业规划并为之努力。 注意洪水过后的危险的话题相关。设空下文中的“Don't 1.G [空前提到了学习如何撰写职业发展规划的作用,下 enter a flood-damaged house or building”是对B项“在洪 文则给出了四个建议。设空处位于段尾,应能总结前文 水过后不要立即返回”这一建议的具体例证。 或承上启下。G项能够引出下文提出的四个建议,且其 假期必刷17 中的"write a career plan,与空前的"write a career devel- 主体词汇练清 opment plan”相呼应。] 一、1. opportunity 2. profile 3. salary 4. position 2.E [空前问及如何用几个术语定义自己的职业生涯,由 5. certificate 6. interview 7. further 8. creative 本段标题及第一句可知,可以根据感兴趣的领域来定义, 9. dismiss 10. recommend 空后则提到在高校任教的职业方向。因此,设空处应能 二、1. occupation 2. qualifications 3. assistant 够引出具体事例,E项为空前问题的举例,且与感兴趣的 4. applications 5. employee 6. skilled 7. creativity 领域相关,其中的“workinanacademic field”与空后的 “teaching at a college-level"相呼应。] 8. retirement 三、1. out 2. in 3. at 4. up 5. for 6. to 3.F [空前提到考虑一下如何在职业上定义自己,空后则 四、1. had been achieved 2. appointed 3. belongs 问及是否被热衷的爱好或其他因素所驱使。由此可知, 4. educated 5. be employed 6. resigned 设空处应与如何定义自己相关,F项能够与上文形成并 主体文本集训 列关系,且其中的“whatdrivesyou”和“whatkindof A.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个将职 worker you are”分别与下文中的“motivational factor”和 业与课程联系在一起的新型实验室--FabLab。文章旨 “personal skills”相呼应。] 在引导学生了解不同职业,将所学课程与未来职业联系到 4.B [空前提到花点时间评估现在所处的阶段,空后则询 一起。 问是否正在开启学业向职业的转换。因此,设空处应与 1.B [根据第一段可知,年仅11岁的Juliet可以自己制造 在职业规划上所处的阶段相关。B项为疑问句,询问是否 无人机,并且能够熟练操纵,而且她很早就对自己未来的 刚刚完成学业,能够与空后句构成并列关系,且放在此处 职业有规划:成为一名机械工程师。由此可推知,此处提 能够很好地衔接上下文。] 5.D 到Iuliet的无人机是为了赞扬她要当工程师的雄心 [结合其他段落标题句可知,设空处应为析使句。根 壮志。] 据本段中的“what would you ideally be in5 years”以及 2.D [根据第三段第一、二句可知,Fab实验室是该学校将 “Write down your ultimate career goal.”可知,本段建议 职业规划纳入学校课程的一种方式,能帮助学生亲身体 考虑自己未来的职业。D项能够概括本段内容。 验他们将来可能会选择的职业中的各种工具。由此可 假期必刷18 知,该实验室的主要任务是将职业规划融入学生的日常 主体词汇练清 学习中。了 一、1. suspected 2. developed 3. smart 4. artificial 3.C [根据最后一段中Tobie所说的话可知,在他看来,职 5. devoted 6. determined 7. robots 8. method 业规划与探索能培养年轻人的能力,而我们则需要帮助 9. database 10. software 学生即年轻人尽早地做出职业决策。由此可推知,他可 二、1. technical 2. systematic 3. intelligent 能会同意职业准备应尽早开始这一观点。 4. convenience 5. automatically 6. electronic 4.A [通读全文可知,本文通过介绍学校建立的一个新型 7. scientific 8. robots 实验室FabLab--以此帮助学生了解职业信息,能够将 三、1. of 2. on 3. to 4. to 5. With 6. to 所学课程和职业联系到一起,故A项可以概括本文 四、1. invention 2. updated 3. downloading 主旨。] 4. has been/is calculated 5. simplified 6. advanced B.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了运动 主体文本集训 员在职业生涯中不懈追求的精神。 I.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了麻 5.C [写作手法题。根据第一段一名跳水运动员被击败的 省理工学院的研究人员开发出了一种可穿载设备Al- 经历,引出下文对运动员精神的介绍,故第一段的作用是 terEgo,它能够真实地表达一个人的想法,并允许他们与计 引出本篇文章的主题。] 算机对话,而不会被其他人听到;同时介绍了AlterEgo的工 [细节理解题。根据第四段It finds expression in the 6.D 作原理和对人类交流的影响。 weak daring to challenge the strong, and the strong 1.B [写作手法题。根据第二段:读心术并不像你想象的 searching forever better performance. 可知,推动运动员 那么牵强。事实上,麻省理工学院的研究人员已经开发 前进的理想是取得比以往更大的成就。] 出一种可穿戴设备,它可以真实地表达一个人的想法,并 118 -2 允许他们在没有其他人听到的情况下与计算机交谈,可 4.and[between...and...意为“在.....中间”,为固定 知,第一段通过提问问题方式导入文章关于“读心设备' 搭配。] 的主题,引出下文。] 5. putting [设空处位于介词By后,作宾语,应用动词-ing 2.C [代词指代题。根据第三段中“Whenthe individual 形式。] wearing the device thinks of ... which is programmed to 6. signals [signal“信号”为可数名词,根据语境并结合常识 associate them with specific words.”可知,AlterEgo 通过 可知,特殊项圈可实时收发的信号不止一个,故应用复数 形式。] 拾取神经肌肉信号并将其发送到计算机,计算机通过缩 程将这些信号与特定的单词相关联,所以划线词them指 7.that [设空处引导表语从句,且从句成分完整,故应用 代的是上文“信号(Thesignals)”。] that引导。] 8. colder 3.D [推理判断题。根据文章最后一段内容可知,Al- [and连接前后两个并列的成分,根据空后的 terEgo可以使人们不需要说话就可以彼此交流,还能帮 higher-altitude可知,设空处应用形容词比较级。] 助人们在嘴杂的环境中进行交流,可得出AlterEgo会对 9.expansion[设空处位于冠词an后,作介词for的宾语, 人们的交流产生的影响是使人们可以更顺畅地交流。了 应用名词形式。] 4.C [标题归纳题。根据第二段:麻省理工学院的研究人 10.national[设空处位于名词park前,作定语,应用形容 员已经开发出一种可穿戴设备,它可以真实地表达一个 词形式。] 人的想法,并允许他们在没有其他人听到的情况下与计 假期必刷19 算机交谈,和下文关于“读心设备AlterEgo的工作原理和 主体词汇练清 对人类交流的影响”介绍可知,文章主要介绍了读心设备 一、1. digest 2. energize 3. lifestyle 4. complaining AlterEgo使人们不需要说话就可以彼此交流,真实地表 5. pressure 6. companion 7. dynamic 8. healthy 达一个人的想法,C项“无声的读心术成真了”符合文意。] 9. Bored 10. intake II. [语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文,文章主要介绍了如何 二、1. challenging 2. stressful 3. relaxing 在科学上取得成功。 4. positively 5. addicted 6. Alternatively 1.A [根据该空下面一段的内容可知,作者认为只有和比 7. attitude 8. influential 自己聪明的人在一起才能学到东西,所以建议避免和愚 三、1.a 2. up 3. in 4. with 5. with 6. to 的人在一起。] 四、1. to swallow 2. tastes 3. struggling 2.G [根据设空处前一句可知,作者认为在科学或生活的 4. treatment 5. consume; consumers 6. benefits 游戏中,最高的目标不仅仅是获胜,而是成功地做好一些 主体文本集训 非常困难的事情。换句话说,即要通过克服困难来超越 I.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇指导性说明文。文章主要介 自我,使自己名列前茅。G选项是对前一句话的进一步 绍了一些改变不良习惯的方法。文章旨在帮助学生改掉不 解释。] 良习惯,提高生活和学习的质量。 3.F [根据设空处前文可知,作者认为如果想取得很大的 1.C [空前句提到,好习惯可以帮助你更有效地生活和工 成功,科学家必须准备好会遇到很大的困难。如果你要 作,但坏习惯会产生相反的效果。好消息是你很容易改 在科学上有一个巨大的飞跃,你很可能没有资格获得成 掉坏习惯。空后句提到,下面的策略会帮助你更好地改 掉坏习惯。由此可推知,设空处应承接空前内容并引出 功。此外,甚至也要准备好怀疑你心中的科学英雄,也就 是要勇于冒险和怀疑权威,呼应本段小标题。] 下文提到的策略。C项符合语境,且其中的“It”指代空前 4.C [根据设空处前一句中的“do well in something Idis 句中的“break bad habits”,“a little time and effort”与空 前句中的“easily”相呼应。] like”可知,在科学研究中,对于自己不喜欢的事情人们做 不好,但对于自己喜欢的事情人们也不一定能做好。] 2.F [设空处位于段首,应为段落主旨句。通读本段可知, 5.D [根据前一段的内容可知,作者建议要和其他科学家 本段主要讲述找到并了解坏习惯形成的原因,能够帮助 你用最合适的方式处理它。F项与原因有关,且其中的 交往,从而发现自己忽略的关键事实。甚至要和你的竞 “why”与空后句中的“the reasons”相呼应。] 争对手交流,即使你觉得他们令人反感。也就是说,如果 3.B [设空处为段落小标题,应与其他小标题结构保持一 你无法忍受与你真正地位相当的人一起工作,你就不要 致,并能概括本段主旨。空后句提到,研究表明,有意识 进行科学研究了。] 地计划可以更容易地克服坏习惯。一个好的方法是把改 III.[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了科 掉坏习惯纳入个人目标设定的计划中,也可以在待办事 学家刘少创对颜危动物与环境之间的相互关系的研究。文 项列表或行动计划中添加提示。由此可知,本段主要围 章旨在引导学生关注野生动物保护,培养学生积极探索的 绕列计划来克服坏习惯而展开。B项“制定一个好的计 科学精神。 划”能够很好地概括本段大意,后文中的“planning”是B 1. took [“he 1 a decade ago”是省略了that或which的 项中“plan”的同根词复现。] 从句,设空处为谓语动词,由空后“adecadeago”可知,此 4.G [根据段落小标题可知,本段应与使用障碍物和替代 处应用一般过去时。] 品来改掉坏习惯有关。空前句提到你可以通过设置障碍 2. tocapture [句中已有谓语动词waited,故设空处应用非 来改掉坏习惯,并举例说明:空后句则举例说明如果你想 谓语动词;结合语境可知,“拍摄野生动物的影像”为“他 停止批评别人,那就把同样的行为反过来,试着去赞美他 在戈壁沙漠的水池旁等几个小时”的目的,故应用动词不 们。由此可推知,设空处应与可替代的行为有关。G项 定式作目的状语。] 符合语境,且其中的“replace”为小标题中的“replace 3.who/that[设空处引导限制性定语从句,先行词为zool- ments”的同根词复现。] ogists,指人,在从句中作主语,应用关系代词who/that 5.D [空前内容提到,当你做了积极的事情时,奖励是最有 引导。] 效的。随着时间的推移,你的大脑会开始将你新的、积极 110