假期必刷10 主题语境——太空探索-【快乐假期】2024年高二英语暑假衔接一轮大作业

假期必刷10 主题语境--太空探索 Knowledge starts with practice .知li识来源于实践 完成日期:___月 1H 主题词汇积累 4. advanced 核心单词 先进的 ·名词 5. extreme 极端的,极其的 研究:调查;探索 6. invisible 1. research 看不见的 7. tidal 太空行走 2. spacewalk 潮沙的 3. telescope 望远镜 8. incredible 难以置信的 宇宙 9. complex 4. universe 复杂的 5. conditior 状况;环境 10. mysterious 神秘的 6. spacecraft 宇宙飞船 常用 词块 7. probe 探测器 1. would-be astronauts 准宇航员 8. booster 助推器 2. sleep in private quarters 9. observatory 天文台 睡在私人的房间里 10. astronomy 天文学 3. conduct scientific research 进行科学研究 ·动词 4. in other research fields 在其他研究领域 1. exist 发生;存在;生存 5. land on the Moon 登上月球 2. function 功能;运转 6. have access to space travel 分析 能到太空旅游 3. analyse 7. learn more about space 4. foresee 多了解太空 预见;预知 8. manned spaceship/spacecraft 载人飞船 5. explore 探索 9. send people into space 登陆;降落 把人送入太空 6. land 证实 7. prove 10. one giant leap for mankind 8. launch 发射;发行 人类的一大步 11. a space station 观察 9. observe 太空站 12. the outer space 战胜:克服 10. overcome 外太空 13. solar system ·形容词 太阳系;类太阳系 载人的 14. space exploration 1. manned 太空探索 科学的 2. scientific 15. the unknown 3. universal 普遍的 不为人知的地方;人类尚未到达的地方 主体词汇练清 一、单词拼写(根据汉语提示写出单词) 2. You cannot work out such a (复 1. By opening a novel,I can leave behind my 杂的) problem in just a few pages. burdens and enter into a wonderful and 3. It's (难以置信的)thatthesci-fi (神秘的) world where I am now a film, set in the space, appeals to adults as new character. well as teenagers. -2 高二英 4. Worse of all,how to change (极端 三、固定搭配(在空格处填上1个适当的单词) 的) conditions on Mars is still a challenge 1. Those who dared to launch out beyond for humans. unknown waters became the dis 5. No one can (预知)what will hap- coverers of new lands. pen in the future. 2. Our government has promised to improve 6. The two (宇宙飞船)will linkup our water quality, so it won't be long with each other in orbit. the residents can have access to clean 7. Using a (望远镜),Galileo discov water. ered stars that were invisible to the naked eye. 3. By learning English, we can broaden our 8. Humans have been exploring the horizons and increase our knowledge (宇宙) for many years and we still can't other fields. figure out how it came into existence. 4. He gave himself a new name to hide his 9. Walking outside is very difficult and dan identity when he went to carry gerous in outer space .(条件;状 the secret task. 况). 5. Once, while working overnight at a store 10. Generally Speaking, the space enterprise he let a homeless man sleep his has served (天文学)well truck. 二、词形转换(用所给单词的正确形式填空) 6. A man has even been sent space 1. Love will always be a topic of and sent to explore the Moon and Mars. (universe) interest regardless of race, reli- 四、形变动词(用所给动词的正确形式填空) gion or nationality 1. In order not to be heard, she pointed her 2. Blood samples were sent to the laboratory finger upwards (signal)that for careful (analyse). 3. Being an (explore), Tom found someone was moving about upstairs 2. The development of industry has been a that his life was filled with challenges and risks. gradual process throughout human (man) space flight (exist), from stone tools to modern tech 4. The future for nology. is looking increasingly uncertain. 5. Errors are unavoidable incidents in the 3. More generally, the Internet course of (science) research (function)as if it were my memory. 6. Is there any (prove) of the exist- 4. Sarah, who has taken part in shows along with top models, wants ence of life on other planets? (prove) 7. Future agriculture should depend on that she has brains as well as beauty. 5. The day when Shenzhou X (advance) technology as well as tradi- (launch) tional methods. successfully moved everyone. 8. That is why when the stars are out, they 6. The scientist devoted most of his lifetime to are visible, but when the lights are out, ( observe ) the behavior of the they are (visible). chimps. 30 主题佳句赏析 1. Another big concern for humans to move to 这些灾难让每个人都感到悲伤和失望,但是 Mars is how to solve the problem of lack of 探索宇宙的欲望从未消失过。 water. 5. Despite the difficulties, scientists hope fu- 对于人类来说,另一个移居火星的大问题是 ture discoveries will not only enable us to 如何解决水资源匮乏的问题。 understand how the universe began, but alsc 2. Splendid as the view of the Earth is, spacewalk ing is not as exciting as you might think. help us survive well into the future 虽然地球的景色十分壮观,但太空行走并不 尽管有许多困难,科学家们希望未来的发现 像你们可能想象的那么激动人心。 不仅能让我们了解宇宙是如何开始的,而目 3. In the early 1,6oos,Galileo was the first to 还能帮助我们更好地生存到未来。 use his telescope to explore the sky and since 6. For example, using current technology, it then,telescopes have continually improved. would take over two years to get to the clo- 在17世纪早期,加利略是第一个使用望远镜 sest planet, Mars, and back 探索天空的人,从那时起,望远镜不断改进 4. These disasters made everyone sad and dis 例如,使用当前的技术,到达最近的行 appointed, but the desire to explore the uni- 星--火星,之后再返回将需要花费两年 verse never died. 多的时间。 主体文本集训 I.阅读理解 to make the extraordinary suggestion that it Eight years ago,ameteor(流星)believed could be a technological object created by to have been 2 feet long entered Earth's at- aliens(外星人). The object that Loeb is searching for. mosphere at more than 100,oo0 miles an hour before blowing up into tiny, hot small broken named CNEOS 2014-01-08,was discovered in 2014 by a network of satellites. "It moved pieces and falling into the South Pacific roughly 40 kilometers per second when it Ocean. Some scientists guess it came from an- blew up in the lower atmosphere,”Loeb said. other star system, which would make it the “And from that,I can infer that it was moving first known interstellar object of its size to much too fast to be bound to the sun. ” Loeh impact Earth. said,“There is also the possibility that it will Then, professor Avi Loeb is planning an be made of some alloy(合金) that nature adventure to bring back the small pieces of doesn't put together." the meteor from the ocean floor. By analyzing Many astronomers dismiss the idea of the the broken pieces, he is hoping to determine object being technological, saying there are fa where the object is from-even going so far as simpler and far more likely natural explana- - 高二英语 tions. And some are not sure and unwilling to II.语法填空 conclude the meteor is from outside our solar A system. The biggest problem is the data it- Chinese taikonauts, Zhai Zhigang: . Wang self. It's difficult to actually observe small. Yaping, and Ye Guangfu, conducted the sci- fast objects in the atmosphere. ence lecture 4oo kilometers above Earth. Therefore, Loeb would like to organize They interacted with students from five class an adventure to carry on his research in spite rooms across China and showed viewers of difficulties. To him,the journey is a chance they live and work inside the at making history. If Loeb finds pieces of the space station. meteor and it is an interstellar object,it could When 2. (reply)to a Hong be the first time humans get their hands on an Kong student's question about water, Wang interstellar object of its size. explained that the water they drink 3. 1. What can we infer about the meteor? (recycle), noting that there is no difference ir A. It is as big as the sun. taste 4. regular water and recycled B. It is hard to find it in the ocean. water and every drop of water is made full use C. It comes from outside our solar system. of there. In an experiment, she created a watet D. It brings serious impact to our environ- film using a metal ring and a bag 5. ment. (fill) with water, Then she placed on the wa 2. Why does Loeb think the meteor isn't relat- ter film a paper flower bud(花蕾) prepared ed to the sun? by her daughter and her before the journey. A. It was moving at a really fast speed. The bud turned around 6. (magical) B. It was confirmed that it's made of alloy. on the film and"blossomed." C. Its specific data was showed by profes Zhai 7. (introduce) the“pen sional organization. guin jumpsuit" Ye was wearing during the D. Its broken pieces were decorated by techno logical objects. class. The suit has multiple flexible bands in- side to help the astronauts maintain 3. What does the underlined work"dismiss" their muscle 8. (strong). in Paragraph 4 refer to? A. Explain. B. Improve. Ye demonstrated experiments related to cell growth in the 9. C. Create. D. Disagree. (weight) envi- 4. Which of the following can best describe ronment in space. They compared 10. Loeb? growth and shape of cells in artificial gravity A. Honest. B. Satisfied and zero-gravity to study their changing rules C. Determined. D. Humorous. and mechanisms. B [写作专项突破二] Chinese astronaut Wang Yaping made I.应用文写作(太空旅游的可行性) history on November 7, 2021 1. she 你校英语周报开设了一个话题讨论栏目 became the country's first woman to conduct a 本期讨论的主题为“我们是否应该进行太空旅 spacewalk. 行”。请你给该栏目投稿,表达自己的观点,内 Wang and fellow astronaut Zhai Zhi- 容包括: gang, two of the three-member team current- 1.引出话题; ly at China's new Tiangong space station, 2.进行论证; 2. (successful) completed the 6.5 3.陈述观点。 hour spacewalk in the early hours of Monday 注意:词数80左右。 morning. The third member of the Shenzhou 13 crew, Ye Guangfu, 3. (stay)on the space station to support the spacewalk from the core module. During the spacewalk, the team installed a suspension device and transfer connectors to the station's robotic arm. They also tested the4. (safe) of supporting equip ment,5. (include) China's domesti- cally produced spacesuit. It's the first time that the crew 6. (exit) the station II.读后续写(育人篇) since their arrival on October 16. Shortly af- 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开 ter stepping out of the space station's cabin on 头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Sunday, Wang waved to 7. (audi- Emily was waiting at the door for her ence) on Earth and said she felt great, in a children, Lisa and Emma. It was the last day (release) by the flight con video8. of their exams and she had prepared tasty trol center. snacks for them. Wang is China's second woman in space. “Mom, do you know Ted in my class? after Liu Yang made history by joining He always disturbs others during the exam 9. Shenzhou-9 spacecraft in 2012. and copies from them." Before Wang, only 15 women globally had con “Hey, let me speak now,"Emma said ducted spacewalks 10. 1984,when and kept giggling all the time.“Mom, one of Soviet astronaut Svetlana Savitskaya became the girls in my class had prepared a matchbox the first to do so. instead of a soapbox." -2 高二英语 The kids continued speaking, giggling, Until Susan left, she had almost brain and enjoyed pizzas till late evening. Emily washed Emily by constantly reminding her was pleased to know that her kids shared eve- that she was not bringing up her kids proper rything with her. If the kids faced any prob ly. When Susan left, Emily let out a sigh of lem or had an interesting piece of news, they relief. always shared it with their mother. They 注意:1.续写词数应为150左右; were not scared of or nervous about their 2.请按如下格式作答。 mother. When the school started again, Emily's atti In the vacation, Emily's elder sister, Su tude towards her kids changed a little bit. san, visited their place along with her two kids, Peggy and Cora. Susan observed Emily's friendly behavior with her kids and opposed it “What is this, Emily? You never scold your kids. They are not scared of you," she said to her younger sister. "Susan, kids should never be scared of their parents. They should feel free when they communicate with parents.” "Weren't we afraid of our parents? Don't you remember you used to be nervous while talking to Dad? Yet we had better communi- cation,"Susan argued. Emily noticed the change in the kids' be “Well, we are not living in the same era. havior soon and found it unbearable. We need to be more open-minded with chil- dren now."But Susan was not satisfied with her explanation. She continued complaining about how Emily's kids were dependent on her mother for everything “Why do you have to prepare different dishes each time when they are hungry? Peg gy directly calls the nearby restaurant and places an order. You don't have to spend time on it.”### 13.A [根据下文“her operation”可知是从手术中恢复。] 4. between[考查介词。between...and...为固定搭配 14.B[根据下文“stomachs”可知是饥饿的,这里用“clay” 意为“......与......之间”。故填between。] 是在比喻大家团结在一起,互帮互助。] 5.filled [考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知,fill作后置定 15. C [根据下文“and as a result, I tooka 3-hour sleep!" 语修饰名词bag,是非谓语动词,与其逻辑主语bag之间 可知作者太累了。] 是被动关系,且“装满水”这一动作已经完成,所以应用过 假期必刷10 去分词,表示被动和完成,故填filled。] 主体词汇练清 6.magically[考查词性转换。根据句意可知,提示词修饰 一、1. mysterious 2. complex 3. incredible 4. extreme 动词短语turnedaround,应用副词形式,意为“神奇地” 5. foresee 6. spacecrafts 7. telescope 8. universe 故填magically。] 9. condition 10. astronomy 7. introduced[考查单词的时态。分析句子可知,introduce 二、1. universal 2. analysis 3. explorer 4. manned 是句子谓语动词,与主语hai之间是主动关系,讲述过去 5. scientific 6. proof 7. advanced 8. invisible 的事情,应使用一般过去时,故填introduced。] 三、1. the 2. before 3. in 4. out 5. in 6. into 8.strength [考查词性转换。根据句意和空格前形容词性 四、1. to signal 2. existence 3. functions 4. to prove 物主代词their可知,应填入名词作宾语,故填strength。] 5. was launched 6. observing 9.weightless [考查词形转换。根据句意可知,提示词作 主体文本集训 定语修饰名词environment,应用形容词形式,结合常识 I.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了八年前, 此处表示“失重的环境”,应用形容词weightless,故填 一颗流星爆炸成碎片坠入南太平洋,天文学家Loeb决心冒 weightless。] 险将流星碎片从海底带回来进行研究的故事。文章旨在培 10.the [考查冠词。句中指人工重力和零重力条件下细胞 养学生的科学探究精神,激发学生对太空探索的兴趣。 的“生长和形状”,特指,用定冠词限定,故填the。 1. B [根据文章第一段第一句可知,这颗流星爆炸成微小 的、热的小碎片坠入南太平洋;再结合文章第二段第一句 B.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国 可知,Loeb正在计划冒险将流星碎片从海底带回来。由 宇航员王亚平,她创造了历史,成为中国首位进行太空行走 此可推知,要在海洋中找到流星是非常困难的。] 的女性。 2.A [根据文章第三段第二、三句可知,Loeb认为,这颗流 1. when[考查定语从句。先行词为November7,2021,设 星在大气底层中爆炸时移动的速度太快了,以至于无法 空处引导定语从句且在从句中作时间状语,用关系副词, 被太阳束缚。由此可推断,Loeb认为这颗流星和太阳没 故填when。] 2. successfully 有联系的原因是它的移动速度太快。] r [考查词性转换。设空处后为动词com 3.D [根据划线词所在句可知,这些天文学家认为关于这 plete,设空处应为副词形式作状语修饰动词,故填suc 个物体有更简单、更可能的自然解释。其中的natural与 cessfully。] 划线词后的technological形成对比。由此可知,他们应 3.stayed[考查动词的时态。设空处在句中作谓语,叙述 该是不同意该物体是技术性的观点。] 过去发生的事,应用一般过去时。故填stayed。] 4.C [根据文章最后一段第一句和第二句可知,尽管困难 4. safety[考查词性转换。设空处作动词tested的宾语, 重重,Loeb还是想组织这次冒险来进行他的研究,并且这 应用名词的形式,故填safety。 次冒险对他来说是一次创造历史的机会。由此可推知, 5. including [考查介词。“介词 including(包括.....在内) Loeb是一个有决心且坚定的人。] 十名词”作后置定语修饰supportingequipment,故填in II.A.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道 cluding。] 了中国宇航员翟志刚、王亚平和叶光富在距地球400公里 6. haveexited [考查动词的时态和主谓一致。设空处在句 的太空进行的科学讲座。 中作谓语,Itis十序数词十that从句的时态应为现在完 1.how[考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知,“1. 成时,主语为crew,crew表示飞机或轮船的全体工作人 they live and work inside the space station."作动词 员时,是集合名词。用作主语时,若视为整体,谓语用单 showed的宾语,是宾语从句,结合句意分析从句结构,从 数;若考虑其个体,谓语用复数。结合空后“sincetheirar 句中缺少方式状语,表示“如何”,应用连接副词来引导, 故填how。] rival...”,依据主谓一致愿则,故填haveexited。 2. replying [考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知,“When 7.audiences [考查名词的单复数。设空处作介词to的宾 语,应用名词的形式,名词前无冠词修饰,应用名词复数 (reply) to a Hong Kong student's question about water”是时间状语从句,原句为“WhenWangisre 的形式,表泛指,故填audiences。] plying to a Hong Kong student's question about water" 8.released [考查非谓语动词。设空处在句中作非谓语动 符合状语从句省略条件,省略Wangis后,应保留单词 词,和逻辑主语avideo之间是逻辑的被动关系,用过去分 -ing形式,故填replying。] 词作后置定语,修饰名词avideo,故填released。] 3. is recycled[考查单词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句 9.the[考查冠词。设空处后为名词,根据后置定语“in 子可知,recycle是宾语从句中谓语动词,与主语thewater 2012(在2021年)”可知此处表示特指。应用定冠词,故 之间是被动关系,描述客观事实,应使用一般现在时,又 填the。] 因主语thewater是不可数名词,所以谓语动词应使用单 10.since [考查介词。结合句意,此处表示“自从.....以 数形式,故填isrecycled。] 来”,故填since。] 112 ## 高二英语 写作专项突破二 怨,由complaint 的同位语从句“that local authority is I.[参考范文] 'going too far in telling people what's best for them'"可 With the development of technology, space travel may 知,肉类行业抱怨当地政府在这件事上做得太过分。 turn out to be a reality. However,whether we should make 3.D [观点态度题。①提取题干关键信息:乙iggyKlazes对 it remains to be discussed. eatingmeat的态度;②定位ZiggyKlazes的话:“Wedo On the one hand, space travel offers opportunities for not prohibit what people are baking and roasting in their scientific exploration, which can lead to a better understand own kitchen; if people wanted to continue eating meat. ing of our universe. What's more,it may even offer solutions fine...(我们不禁止人们在自已的厨房里高任什么,如果 to some problems we face on Earth. On the other hand, the 人们想继续吃肉,也没问题....)”:③分析并比对选项可 space industry will create environmental problems in space 知,乙iggy对人们吃肉的行为表示理解。] with the launch of space shuttles and other equipment. 4.B [推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Researchsuggests In my point of view, if space travel is carried out with that...82kg”可知,要达到欧盟2050年净零排放的目 the problem of space pollution solved,it will bring us more 标,肉类消费必须从目前的每年人均82公斤减少到24公 benefits than we imagine. 斤。由此可知,哈勒姆目前的人均肉类消费量和欧盟达 II,[参考范文 到净零排放标准所需的量之间还有非常大的差距,这和B When the school started again, Emily's attitude to- 项”禁令还有很长的路要走”的描述一致。] wards her kids changed a little bit, After school, the kids B.[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了由于 went home, expecting their usual treat,only to be told that 气温上升,位于澳大利亚的大堡礁中的珊瑚面临着与日俱 there wouldn't be any more snacks for them from then on. 增的死亡风险。 When they talked excitedly about the things at school. 5.B [细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Offthecoastof Emily either showed little interest or reminded them to do Australia,the Great Barrier Reef is known for being large their homework right away instead of wasting time on silly enough to be seen from space.”可知, the Great Barrier talks. It didn't take long before the kids sensed the change Reef面积特别大,在太空中都可以看到。 of their mom and they got to be nervous in the presence of 6. B 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Sometimesthecor- Emily. No more secrets were shared. An invisible barrier als can recover,but increasingly,they're dying off."可知. seemed to stand between the kids and their mom, keeping 温度上升增加了珊瑚死亡的风险。 them further and further apart. The joyfulness and liveli- 7. A [词义猜测题。根据最后一段中的“Ifwedelayevena ness, which used to flood the house, gradually disappeared. year or two more, we really are going down a pathway Emily noticed the change in the kids' behavior soon where there will be no return. We need to act and we need and found it unbearable."This is definitely not what I have to act decisively,without question and solve this problem" wanted. I have made things go the wrong way!" she told 可知,decisively是副词,修饰动词act,根据句意可知,如 herself, determined to change the situation and regain the 果再耽搁的话,我们可能会走向一条不归之路,所以必须 trust of the kids. That day, when kids got back from 果断地采取行动,和A选项意思一致。] school, they found their favorite snacks on the table again. 8.C[文章大意题。根据第三段中的“Whentemperatures 假期必刷11 rise,corals(珊瑚) remove the microscopic algae(海藻) in- 主体词汇练清 side them, losing their food source in the process. Some- 一、1. intentional 2. global 3. recvcled 4. conserve times the corals can recover,but increasingly,they're dy- 5. caused 6. ecology 7. climate 8. greenhouse ingoff.”再结合全文可知,这篇文章主要介绍了温度上升 9. environment 10. nature 对珊瑚造成的灭绝威胁。] 二、1. seriously 2. abruptly 3. Disturbing;disturbed 假期必刷12 5. freezing 6. barely 7. resulting 4. mountainous 主体词汇练清 8. chemical 一、1. events 2. championship 3. champion 三、1.a 2. with 3. to 4. in 5. in 6. for 4. medal 5. glory 6. broadcast 7. hosted 8.live 四、1. is damaged 2. protection 3. refreshing 9. present 10. fit 4. being polluted 5. is predicted 6. advocated 二、1. disappointed 2. regularly 3. physically 4. deman- 主体文本集训 ding 5. volunteers 6. athletic 7. to make making A.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文,文章介绍了科学研究 8. refreshed 证实生产肉类食品会产生大量的温室气体。在此背景之 三、1. the 2. in 3. for 4. up 5. behind 6. in 下,荷兰的一个城市将率先禁止在公共空间投放肉类广告 四、1. applauding 2. training 3. competitive 4. defeated 以减少温室气体排放。 5. was delayed 6. participation 1.C [细节理解题。由第二段“ADutch city will become the 主体文本集训 first in the world to ban meat advertisements from publie I.A.[语篇解读] 一项研究表明,服用补充维生素D五 spaces in an effort to reduce consumption and greenhouse gas 年并不能降低老年人的骨折率,但高食物和运动有助于 emissions.”可知。] 增强骨警健康。 2.A[词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“Adswill...meat 1.A [细节理解题。推断根据第一段中的“Itmakes sector...”可知,哈勒姆的公共汽车、避难所和公共场所 sense...willdevelopa fracture(骨折).”可知,这些数据 的屏幕将不允许播放肉类广告,这引发了肉类行业的抱 表明美国人的骨质疏松问题严重,世界范围内50岁以上 113