假期必刷7 主题语境——卓有成就的人物-【快乐假期】2024年高二英语暑假衔接一轮大作业

快乐假期 假期必刷7 主题语境—卓有成就的人物 主题词汇积累 核心单词 3.distinguished 杰出的：卓越的 ●名词 4.humorous 富于幽默的 1.achievement 成就 5.modest 谦虚的：谦逊的 2.wonder 奇迹：惊奇 6.cautious 谨慎的 3.personality 性格；个性 7.thoughtful 考虑周到的 4.ability 能力：才能：才识；技能 8.practical 实用的 5.progress 进步：进展：前进：行进 9.diligent 勤奋的：勤勉的：用功的 6.virtue 美德：正直的品行：德行 10.moral 道德的 7.appearance 外观；外貌 常用词块 8.confidence 信任；信心 1.graduate from 毕业于 9.energy 能量：活力 2.as a result 因此，结果 10.mourn 哀痛：哀悼 3.be admitted to/be enrolled by被…录取 ●动词 4.go through 经历：经受；仔细检查 1.determine 决定：（使）下定决心 5.have a talent for... 有…的天赋 2.distribute 分配；分发 6.have a good command.'knowledge of精通 3.conclude 推断：总结；结束 7.be curious about 对…好奇 4.explain 解释 8.sign up for a match/contest/competition 5.admire 钦佩：羡慕：赞美 报名参加比赛 6.behave 表现；使表现得体 9.be responsible for 对…负责 7.devote 奉献 10.catch up with 赶上 8.introduce 介绍 11.be experienced in 在…方面有经验 9.improve 改进；提高 12.make achievements in 10.deliver 发表；表达 在…方面取得成就 ●形容词 13.succeed in doing sth. 成功地做某事 1.professional 专业的 14.take...seriously 认真对待… 2.outstanding 杰出的；出色的 15.think highly of 对…高度评价 主体词汇练清 一、单词拼写（根据汉语提示写出单词） 4.I tried to (解释)the problem to 1.However,among the factors leading to him,but in vain.He still doesn't under- children's health and happiness is the stand it. (能力)to enjoy themselves.. 5.Driving is important for preserving their in- 2.It is also a (美德)to forgive and forget,especially in such a competitive and dependence giving them the freedom to stressful society. get out and about without having to 3.Solving these problems,which prevent us (依赖)on others.. from making (进步)in study,in 6.Allow me to (介绍)Dr Amberg. volves students communicating with teach- 7.Scientists are working hard to (提 ers and parents. 高，改善)our life. 26 三002a 高二英落 8.I feel greatly honored to (发表)a 三、固定搭配（在空格处填上1个适当的单词） lecture which is designed for Senior Three 1.Who is responsible the operation students. of such vehicles is not clear among car mak- 9.Negative influences include lack of ers,consumers and lawyers. 2.Our aim is to catch up the (道德的)sense,criminal offences,and world's advanced level as soon as possible. overconsumption. 3.There happened to be a policeman there 10.The historical research was extremely when we were trouble. (勤奋的). 4.Daisy doesn't have a talent music, 二、词形转换（用所给单词的正确形式填空） but she decides to make up for it with her 1.Handle the most important tasks first so hard work. you'll feel a sense of (achieve). 5.I'm very curious what tomorrow 2.Everyone likes him because of his good is actually going to bring. (personal). 6.All the participants thought highly this marathon,saying their participation is 3.Though the twins look much alike,they worthwhile. are still slightly different from each other 四、形变动词（用所给动词的正确形式填空） in their (appear). 1.After we arrived at the mountain,all of us 4.Having been persuaded to change my atti- couldn't help (admire)the natu- tude,I finally got the right way to rid my- ral scenery. self of carelessness and gained 2.Some farmers have to leave their hometown (confident)as well. and go to work in cities, (strug- gle)to increase their incomes. 5.Though my grandfather is over seventy,he 3.What's most important is how is very (energy). (behave)yourself in your future work. 6.It was very (thought)of you to 4.As a student in senior high school,the send me the flowers. most important task is to study hard, 7.The concert is really worth watching be- which (determine)our future. cause many (distinguish)musici- 5.Would you like to make a (con- ans will perform in the concert. tribute)to the hospital building fund? 8.The riddles are usually short,wise and 6.In time of war,many measures will be taken (defend)a country from sometimes (humour). being attacked. 主题佳句赏析 1.Even so,she is always optimistic about 4.By being devoted to what he does,no matter how hope,and can deeply affect those who are boring it is,he sets a good example for us. discouraged. 不管事情有多枯燥，他都会全身心地去做所 虽然如此，她总是乐观地保持希望，并能深 做之事，为我们树立一个好榜样。 深地影响那些心灰意冷的人。 5.Owing to the fact that he can do whatever he 2.Professor Yuan Longping was regarded as a has chosen to do with great perseverance,he has pioneer in rice research. made great achievements in many fields. 袁隆平教授被认为是水稻研究的先驱者。 由于他能够坚持不懈地做他所选择做的任何 事情，所以他在很多领域都取得了巨大成就。 3.Through Franklin's persistent efforts he invented 6.He was known for this achievement,and for many things that benefited people a lot. it he received a Nobel Prize. 经过Franklin(富兰克林)的不懈努力，他发 因为这个成就他闻名于世，并因此获得了诺贝 明了许多使人们受益匪浅的东西。 尔奖。 27 空快乐假期 主体文本集训 I.阅读理解 veloped a nutritious drink mixture that is dis- Grace Murray Hopper was at the fore- tributed internationally by food donation pro- front of computer and programming language grams as a substitute for milk.She also crea- development from the 1930s through the ted a grain blend that can be prepared with 1980s.One of the achievements of her 4-year water to provide food for victims of famine career was the development of computer lan- (饥荒)，drought,and war,Additionally,her guages written in English,rather than mathe- work formed the basis for commercial prod- matical concept-the common business com- ucts to make milk digestible by people. puting language known as COBOL,which is Through these discoveries,Holsinger's work still in use today.Hopper's contribution is has had a major influence on worldwide public still honored by the annual Grace Hopper health. Celebration of Women in Computing Confer- 1.What do Grace Murray Hopper and Edith ence. Clarke have in common? Edith Clarke was a pioneering electrical A.They were both programmers. engineer at the turn of the 20th century.She B.They were good at computers. worked as a“computer'”,someone who per- C.They achieved a lot in their own careers. formed difficult mathematical calculations be- D.They struggled to find their suitable jobs. fore modern-day computers and calculators 2.What can we know from Edith Clarke'ex- were invented.Clarke struggled to find work perience? as a female engineer instead of the "usual" A.The majority of engineers of her day jobs allowed for women of her time,and be- were men. came the first professionally employed female elec- B.Edith Clarke invented modern computers trical engineer in the United States in 1922. and calculators. On June 18,1983,Sally Ride trans- C.Edith Clarke was not expert at mathe- formed history when she became the first matical calculations. American woman to fly into space.After her D.Female engineers became popular due to second space flight,Ride decided to retire Edith Clarke's efforts. from NASA and pursue her passion for educa- 3.What did Ride do after her second space flight? tion by inspiring young people.As a result, A.She was talked into retiring from NASA. she founded Sally Ride Science,an organiza- B.She gave up her work in Sally Ride Science. tion devoted to supporting students interested C.She continued to lead young American in STEM (science,technology,engineering, women. and math).Ride passed away in 2012,but D.She started to offer help to students keen her work continued to inspire young women on STEM. across the country. 4.What does the underlined word“blend”in Virginia Holsinger was an American the last paragraph mean? chemist known for her research on dairy prod- A.Donation B.Mixture. ucts and food security issues.Holsinger de- C.Producer. D.Container. 28 三002a 高二茅语 Ⅱ.完形填空 Li Zhengyang is a researcher from the Chinese 1.A.adapting to B.carrying out Academy of Sciences(CAS).He said in an interview C.applying for D.deciding on that 1 scientific research in conditions of extremely 2.A.rewarding B.important low temperatures has been a difficult yet 2 experi- C.necessary D.interesting ence for him. 3.A.findings B.surveys "The Antarctic inland is the ideal place for astronomi- C.studies D.observations cal 3 ,"Li said,adding that to be able to 4 to de- 4.A.proceed B.adjust veloping Antarctic astronomy and establish domestical- C.contribute D.stick ly built observation equipment in the Antarctic means a 5.A.development B.exploration great deal for the country's efforts in astronomical and C.research D.protection deep space 5 6.A.cooperation B.practice When Li was a doctoral student years ago,he took C.trip D.activity part in the 28th Antarctic expedition of China.During 7.A.dropped B.delivered the 6 the icebreaker Xue Long,or "Snow Drag- C.provided D.packed on,"7 supplies to the country's Antarctic Sta- 8.A.tasks B.assumptions tions.The scientists on board conducted various scien- C.experiments D.challenges tific research 8 including the installation(of 9.A.secretly B.skillfully an Antarctic survey telescope.During the expedition,Li C.successfully D.cautiously and three other scientific researchers installed AST3-1 10.A.completed B.recorded 9 China's first domestically produced automatic C.updated D.conducted unmanned telescope,having 10 their tasks in only 11.A.dust B.sunlight 20 days while at the Kunlun Station of China.Due to C.smoke D.noise the long hours of working outdoors and exposure to 12.A.bear B.transfer 11 Li's face got sun burnt.Moreover,the cold air C.relieve D.forget often made him cough heavily and he needed to take 13.A.difficulties B.emotions medicine to 12 the pain.However,Li raced against time C.pressures D.expectations to accomplish his tasks despite all of these 13 14.A.quickly B.calmly Li said 14 ,"Before the moment when we 15 at C.hopefully D.proudly the highest point in Antarctica,fewer than 100 people 15.A.stood B.stared had ever been to that same place. C.pointed D.shouted 29II.[参考范文] in 1952."及“Mr Fu soon moved to Poland, where he An hour later, Chase suam to the shore, anyhow. studied at the Warsaw Conservatory on a scholarship. Once on the solid ground, he ran to the nearest cottage and 可知,本段主要讲述了傅聪学习音乐的经历。] called for help. Hearing Chase's desperate cries, people in 6.A [细节理解题。根据第三段中“ToChina,MrFu's the cottage rushed out immediately. Realizing what had recognition in a well-known international competition was happened, they sprang into action. They rushed to the bank evidence that the country could stand on its own artisti of the river following Chase and paddled their boats instant- callyintheWest.”可知,傅聪被全球认可对中国意义重 ly with rescue equipment towards the dad and daughter. 大是因为他为中国艺术在西方赢得了一席之地。] Meanwhile, someone called the Rescue Department. Soon 7. A [代词指代题。根据前句“...thebookFuLei'sFam after, rescuers arrived. All of them did everything they ily Letters became a best-seller inChina.”可知,《傅雷家 could to carry out a thorough search. 书》成为中国的畅销书;划线词所在句继续介绍《傅雷家 书》的影响,故划线代词they指代前句中提到的FuLeis Luckily, Steven and Abi gail were found and rescued After ensuring their safety, people breathed a sigh of relief. FamilyLetters(《傅雷家书》)。] Steven was deeply moved and expressed his gratitude to all 8.B [推理判断题。根据最后一段中傅聪的父亲对他说的 话"First you must be a person, then an artist, and then a the rescuers with tears swirling in his eyes. Then he hugged musician, and only then can you be a pianist.”及傅聪在 Chase and Abigail tightly and couldn't help weeping for joy. 一次采访中说的话“Eyennow,Ibelieve inthis order He couldn't be prouder of his son. It was the bravery. that it should be this way and that I am this way."可推断 calmness and determination of the pint-sized superhero that 出,傅聪认为成为一个钢琴家需要各方面的品质。] changed everything. It was likely to be one day the family II. [语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了60 would never forget. 岁的老人魏茂周在老师和学生的帮助下自学成才,三年时 假期必刷6 间写了约100首原创诗歌的故事。文章旨在培养学生的写 主体词汇练清 作兴趣,并为之努力。 1. started 一、1. drafted 2. background 3. photography [and连接前后两个并列的谓语,时态应保持一 4. masterpiece 5. created 6. abstract 7. classical 致。根据空前的found和空后的three years ago可知,此 8. extraordinary 9. folk 10. influential 处应用一般过去时。] 二、1. edition 2. exhibition 3. masterpieces 4. annually 2.whothat [设空处引导限制性定语从句,先行词为writ- 5. literature 6. musical 7. diversity 8. poems er,指人,关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语。故应用 三、1. to 2. for 3. in 4. on 5. on 6. on whothat引导。] 四、1. adaptation 2. admired 3. describes 4. published 3.first [句意为“当谈到他写的第一首诗时,他想起那是在 5. criticised 6. have been translated 儿子的婚礼上。”“the十序数词”表示“第几”,故应用序 数词。] 主体文本集训 I.A.[语篇解读] 本文介绍了雷诺阿及其代表作“拿着喷 4. for [developapassion for sth.意为“培养对某事的热 壶的女孩”,体现了其创作的创造才能及艺术魅力。 情”,为固定搭配。] 5. basically [设空处修饰动词draw,在句中作状语,应用 1.D [通读第一段可知,本段主要介绍了雷诺阿的个人历 副词形式。] 程及绘画风格的转变。由此可知,本段主要是介绍雷诺 阿的背景。] 6.a [goforahike意为“去远足”,为固定短语。] 7.which [设空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为前面 2.C [根据第二段中对于《拿着喷壶的女孩》这幅画作的描 整个句子,关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语。故应用 述可知,画中的女孩右手拿着一个喷壶,左手拿着一些 which引导。] 花,而她身后则是一个美丽的花园,花园里花也正在肆意 8.going [句中已有谓语动词has improved,且无并列连词 盛开。由此可知,这幅作品描绘了这个女孩与大自然的 连接,故设空处应为非谓语动词;动词go与其逻辑主语 互动。了 time之间为主谓关系,故应用动词-ing形式。] 3.B [根据第三段第二句可知,原画的美丽色彩是明亮的, 9. published [句中已有谓语动词isstarting和gets,故设 经常被描述为......。结合连词“and”可知,划线单词所在 空处应为非谓语动词;动词publish与其逻辑主语oneof 句是对前半句色彩描述的递进或总结,故划线单词应与 his poems之间为动宾关系,故应用动词-ed形式作宾语 色彩相关。B项“brightness”为原文中“bright”的同根词 补足语。] 复现。] 10. cultural [设空处修饰名词atmosphere,在句中作定语, 4.C [根据第三段最后一句可知,《拿着喷壶的女孩》这幅 应用形容词形式。] 画作展现了一种只有雷诺阿才能创造的魅力和纯真,它 假期必刷7 不断吸引着观众。由此可知,作者认为这幅画是最吸引 主体词汇练清 人的。了 一、1. ability 2. virtue 3. progress 4. explain 5. rely B.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了中国 6. introduce 7. improve 8. deliver 9. moral 著名音乐家傅聪学习音乐、获得成就的经历。 1o. diligent 5.C [段落大意题。根据第二段中“Aloverofclassical 二、1. achievement 2. personality 3. appearance music from a young age, Mr Fu began taking piano les 4. confidence 5. energetic 6. thoughtful sons when he was 7. He made his first stage appearance 7. distinguished 8. humorous 109 ##乐 三、1. for 2. with 3. in 4. for 5. about 6. of 7.B [空前提到“the icebreakerXue Long”雪龙号破冰船, 四、1. admiring 2. struggling 3. to behave 空后提到“supplies”补给,结合前后文可知,此处应是指雪 4. determines 5. contribution 6. to defend 龙号破冰船给中国南极站运送补给。] 主体文本集训 8.A [分析前后文语境可知,此处应是指科学家在雪龙号 I.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四 破冰船上执行科研任务,空后“在南极安装勘测望远镜”, 位在自己的职业生涯中取得了很多成就的女性。 是对该任务的补充说明,且后文中的“tasks”是对此处的 1.C [细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“GraceMurray 同词复现。] Hopper was at the forefront of computer.., which is still 9. C [空后“China's first domestically produced automatie in use today.”和文章第二段“EdithClarke was a pionee- unmannedtelescope”中国第一台国产自动无人望远镜是 ring electrical engineer at the turn of the 2oth century." 对空前“AST3-1”的解释说明,由此推之,四名科研人员成 以及“Clarke struggled to find work as... in the United 功安装了中国第一台国产自动无人望远镜“AST3-1”。] States in1922.”可知,Grace Murray Hopper 和Edith 10.A [空前提到科研人员在南极已经成功地安装了勘测 Clarke的共同之处在于,她们在自己的职业生涯中取得 望远镜,说明他们此次南极考察任务完成了。] 了很多成就。] 11.B [空前提到由于长时间在户外工作,后文提到Li的 2.A [推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“Clarkestrug 脸部皮肤被晒伤了,结合常识可知,此处是指长时间暴 gled to find work...women of her time”可知,克拉克寻 露在阳光下。] 找的女工程师的工作,不是常规女性从事的,由此可知, 12.C [空前提到冷空气经常使他咳嗽得厉害,结合常识可 在她那个时代,大多数工程师都是男性。] 知,此处是指他需要服药来缓解疼痛。relieve意为“减 3.D [细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Afterhersecond 轻,缓和”,符合语境。] space flight.... in STEM(science, technology, engi- 13.A [前文得到Li在科研过程中遇到了一系列困难,分 neering,andmath).”可知,在第二次太空飞行后,她开始 析前后文语境可知,此处是指尽管有这些困难,但是他 为热衷于STEM的学生提供帮助。] 们仍在争分夺秒地完成任务。“difficulties”是对前文一 4.B [词义猜测题。根据上文“Holsinger developeda nu 系列国难的总的语义复现。] tritious drinkmixture...”可知,霍尔辛格开发了一种营 14.D [前文提到Li和其他科研人员成功完成了任务,后 养混合饮料,结合画线单词所在句子“Shealsocreateda 文提到在他们之前只有不到100人去过南极洲最高点, grainblendthat...andwar.”和also可知,霍尔辛格不 由此可知,Li此时的心情是自豪的。] 仅开发了一种营养混合饮料,她还发明了一种用水调制 15.A [根据前文中的“before”及后文中的“fewer than100 的谷物混合物,由此可知,blend意为“混合物”。] people had ever been to that same place”可知,此处是指 II. [语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了科 在他们站在南极洲最高点之前,只有不到100人到 学家们克服重重困难,完成了南极科研任务并为中国在南 这里。] 极科考的发展做出贡献的事迹,文章旨在引导学生在日常 假期必刷8 学习和生活中不畏艰难,脚踏实地,朝着目标努力前进,同 时增强学生的民族自豪感。 主体词汇练清 1.B [空前提到LiZhengyang是中国科学院的一名研究 一、1. habitat 2. species 3. measures 4. wildlife 员,结合常识及句意可知,此处应是指在极端情况下进行 5. harmony 6. source 7. surroundings 科学研究。carryout意为“实施,开展,执行”,符合 8. ecosystem 9. advocated 10. permanent 语境。] 二、1. narrowly 2. gradually 3. Natural [根据第二段中的“means a great deal for the 2.A 4. alarmed;alarming 5. environmental country's efforts”可知,Li Zhengyang所做的科研工作对 6. extinction 7. endangered 8. ruins 国家来说意义重大,由此推知,此处是指在极端低温的条 三、1. up 2. with 3. to 4. of 5. the 6. down 件下进行科学研究对LiZhengyan来说是一次艰难但非 四、1. disappearance 2. existing 3. frightening 常值得的经历。] 4. to preserve 5. growing 6. to explore 3.D [前文提到南极内陆是一个理想的地方,后文提到在 主体文本集训 I.[语篇解读] 南极建立本国的观测设备,由此推知,此处是指南极内陆 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家 是天文观测的理想场所。后文中的“observation”是对此 团队建立灰熊幼崽“孤儿院”的相关信息,旨在引导学生树 处的同词复现。] 立保护动物的意识。 4.C [空后提到这对我国在天文和深空探索方面的努力意 1.C [根据第一段第二句可知,母灰熊死后,大多数情况 义重大,结合常识及句意可知,此处是指能够为南极天文 下,其幼崽可能会当场死亡或被带回动物园。再结合划 学的发展做出贡献,contributetosth.意为“对某事有所 线词所在句中的“But”可知,第二句与本句为转折关系, 贡献”,符合语境。] 一群科学家正在着手解决这个问题,其中“thisproblem” 5.B [前文提到在南极建立本国的观测设备,结合前后文 就是回指第二句的内容,即孤儿幼崽的生存问题。] 语境可知,其目的是更好地探索太空。] 2.A [第三段前两句主要通过幼崽的开心生活来暗示收容 6.C [空前提到LiZhengyang在读博期间参与了中国第 所项目的成功。后三句则直接表明收容所项目的成功。] 28次南极考察,后文则是和这次考察相关的内容,由此可 3.A [根据第二段第二句可知,该收容所建立在220英亩 推断,此处是指在这次考察任务期间,“trip”可以表达出 的荒野上。A项中的“is locatedon”为原文中“isset on' 有特定目的的出行,符合语境。 的近义词复现。了 110