精品解析：2024年山东省菏泽市成武县中考三模英语试题（含听力）

二○二四年初中学业水平考试（中考）英语模拟试题（三） 注意事项： 1.本试题分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分。第Ⅰ卷为选择题，80分；第Ⅱ卷为非选择题，40分；共120分。考试用时120分钟。 2.请务必在答题卡规定的答题区域内作答，第Ⅰ卷须用2B铅笔填涂，第Ⅱ卷须用0.5毫米的黑色签字笔书写。 第Ⅰ卷（选择题 共80分） 一、听力（共四节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，请将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5个小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5个句子，每个句子后有三幅图画。每个句子仅读一遍。请你从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出与句子内容相符的图画。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. B. C. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】略 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. B. C. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】略 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. B. C. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】略 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. B. C. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】略 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. B. C. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】略 第二节（共5个小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5个句子，每个句子后有一道小题。每个句子读两遍。请你听完句子的第二遍朗读后，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答语。 6. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. I agree. B. Yes, sure. C. Thank you all the same. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】略 7. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Ten minutes’ walk. B. Ten years. C. On foot. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】略 8. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. It’s very kind of you. B. Good luck. C. That’s too bad. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】略 9. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. They should work hard. B. Their coach. C. They’ll win the next one. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】略 10. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Thanks a lot. B. You’re welcome. C. Yes, me too. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】略 第三节（共5个小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一道小题。每段对话读两遍。请你听完对话的第二遍朗读后，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 11. What is Henry doing? 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Playing with toys. B. Doing his homework. C. Playing computer games. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】略 12. Where’s Jane? 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. In the supermarket. B. At the cinema. C. At the sports club. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】略 13. What will Tina do next weekend? 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Take a vacation. B. Have a school trip. C. Study medicine. 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】A: I’m going to New York on vacation next weekend B: New York. My cousin, will study medicine there next month. It’s a good place. I hope you have a good trip, Tina. 14. How many pieces of advice does Dale give the girl? 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A Three. B. Four. C. Five. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】略 15. What are the two speakers talking about? 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Their hobbies. B. Friends and families. C. Weekend activities. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】略 第四节（共5个小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面一段短文，短文后有五道小题。短文读两遍。请你听完短文的第二遍朗读后，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 16. Who was the first person to say hello to the speaker? A. Brian. B. Ben. C. Bob. 17. How did the speaker go to school every day? A. On foot. B. By bike. C. By bus. 18. How long did the speaker spend dancing every Thursday? A. One hour. B. Two hours. C. Three hours. 19. What did the speaker join in Grade 9? A. The school newspaper. B. The school art club. C. The school band. 20. What does the speaker mainly talk about? A. His hobbies in his free time. B. His family activities in the past. C. His memories from junior high school. 【答案】16. A 17. B 18. B 19. A 20. C 【解析】 【原文】略 二、英语知识运用（共两节，满分20分） 第一节 单项填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 从A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 21. —Tracy, what’s ChatGPT? —ChatGPT is ________ AI robot. It can think like humans and do lots of writing work for us. A. a B. an C. the 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：——Tracy，什么是ChatGPT？——ChatGPT是一个人工智能机器人。它可以像人类一样思考，为我们做很多写作工作。 考查冠词。此处泛指“一个人工智能机器人”，AI以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。故选B。 22. —Have you learned the Chinese poem “When will the moon be clear and bright? With a cup of wine in my hand, I ask the blue sky.”? —Yes. Su Shi wrote the poem for ________. A. the Mid-Autumn Festival B. the Spring Festival C. the Lantern Festival 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：——你学过中国诗歌“明月几时有，把酒问青天吗”？——是的，苏轼为中秋节写了这首诗。 考查专有名词。the Mid-Autumn Festival中秋节；the Spring Festival春节；the Lantern Festival元宵节。根据诗句“When will the moon be clear and bright?”可知，这首诗是有关月亮的，可以推测是中秋节。故选A。 23. —Doctor, you said 288 yuan for pulling my tooth? It’s only a few minutes’ work. —Well. I can do it ________ if you like. A. more quietly B. less carefully C. more slowly 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：——医生，你说拔牙288元?只需几分钟的工作？——好。如果你愿意，我可以拔得更慢一点。 考查副词辨析。more quietly更安静地；less carefully不那么小心地；more slowly更慢地。根据“Doctor, you said 288 yuan for pulling my tooth? It’s only a few minutes’ work.”可知，对方觉得拔牙很快却需要288元，此处指医生觉得对方愿意的话，也可以拔地更慢一点。故选C。 24. —The magician put a little rabbit into the box, but it ________ when he opened the box. —Wow! How amazing! A. discovered B. disliked C. disappeared 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：——魔术师把一只小兔子放进盒子里，但是当他打开盒子的时候它就不见了。——哇！太令人惊讶了！ 考查动词辨析。discovered发现；disliked不喜欢；disappeared消失。根据“The magician put a little rabbit into the box, but it...when he opened the box”可知，打开盒子的时候小兔子不见了。故选C。 25. —Do you know the astronaut Wang Yaping? —Sure. She is a great woman who can ________ her dreams. I really look up to her. A. pay for B. stick to C. lay out 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：——你知道宇航员王亚平吗？——当然。她是一个伟大的女人，能够坚持自己的梦想。我真的很尊敬她。 考查动词短语。pay for支付；stick to坚持；lay out展示。根据“her dreams”可知是坚持自己的梦想。故选B。 26. —Tom’s father bought lots of books yesterday. —That’s not strange. ________ Tom ________ his father enjoy reading. A. Both; and B. Neither; nor C. Either; or 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：——汤姆的父亲昨天买了很多书。——这并不奇怪。汤姆和他的父亲都喜欢阅读。 考查连词辨析。Both...and...两者都；Neither...nor...两者都不；Either...or...要么……要么。根据“Tom’s father bought lots of books yesterday”可知汤姆的父亲买了很多书，根据“enjoy”可知，其为动词原形，可知此处主语是复数，故“汤姆和父亲都喜欢看书”，而选项B和C均为“就近原则”，不符合。故选A。 27. —Wow, Mr. Zhang, your car looks really new and nice! —Thanks. But in fact, I ________ it for two years. A. will buy B. have had C. bought 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：——哇，张先生，你的车看起来真的很新很漂亮！——谢谢。但事实上，我已经买了两年了。 考查动词时态。根据“for two years”可知应使用现在完成时，结构为have/has done。故选B。 28. —What are you reading? —Harry Potter, a book which ________ by J. K. Rowling in 1997. A. written B. was writing C. was written 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：——你在看什么? ——J. K.罗琳1997年写的《哈利波特》。 考查被动语态。根据“in 1997”可知，句子的时态为一般过去时；句中的book和动词write之间是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，即was written。故选C。 29. —Too much work made me tired these days, Mrs. Miller. —That’s true. But a small tree won’t grow into a big one ________ it experiences lots of winds and rains. A. if B. because C. unless 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：——这些天工作太多使我很累，米勒太太。——确实。但是一棵小树不会成长为一棵大树，除非它经历了很多风雨。 考查连词辨析。if如果；because因为；unless除非。根据“But a small tree won’t grow into a big one...it experiences lots of winds and rains”可知，一棵小树不会成长为一棵大树，除非它经历了很多风雨，此处应用unless引导表示否定的条件状语从句。故选C。 30. —Oh, no! My smart phone is missing! —________. Go to the lost and found office. They might have it. A. Don’t worry B. Thanks a lot C. That’s cool 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：——哦，不！我的智能手机不见了！——不要担心。去失物招领处。他们可能有。 考查情景交际。Don’t worry别担心； Thanks a lot非常感谢；That’s cool太酷了。根据“Go to the lost and found office. They might have it.”可知是安慰对方，故应说“别担心”。故选A。 第二节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 In Chinese culture, people believe that lucky numbers can bring them good luck. So, it is important for Chinese people to ____31____ a good number for important things. For example, they choose lucky numbers for wedding dates and dates of moving into a new house. The numbers 6, 8 and 9 are the ____32____ lucky numbers of most Chinese people. Combinations of the above are thought as lucky numbers too, such as 66, 88, 168. Of all the individual numbers, 8 is ____33____ the luckiest number in China. “8” is associated with wealth. “8” in Chinese is ____34____ba and sounds similar to fa. The traditional Chinese word fa cai means “wealthy” or “becoming ____35____ in a short time”. There are many phrases or expressions associated with “8”, such as “Bamian laicai”, meaning “____36____ comes from eight sides” and “Bamian chunfeng”, meaning “spring wind comes from eight directions”, expressing the wish that someone gets luck wherever she/he goes, or whatever she/he is ____37____. Chinese people like to choose “8” as the time or date of important events. For example, the opening ____38____ of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games started exactly at 8 minutes and 8 seconds past 8 pm on the 8th of August 2008. Chinese’s ____39____ for 8 can be seen in many other cases (事例), such as house numbers, phone numbers, number plates, wedding dates and the date for opening a business. 8 is considered lucky and favored by Chinese ____40____ it holds meaning in both traditional and modern cultures. 31. A. choose B. write C. count 32. A. delicious B. favorite C. similar 33 A. probably B. hardly C. surely 34. A. drawn B. pronounced C. spelt 35. A. rich B. good C. dear 36. A. luckiness B. knowledge C. wealth 37. A. giving up B. working on C. hurrying up 38. A. ceremony B. vacation C. competition 39. A. thanks B. love C. excuses 40. A. although B. until C. because 【答案】31. A 32. B 33. C 34. B 35. A 36. C 37. B 38. A 39. B 40. C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了中国人对数字“8”的喜爱及原因。 【31题详解】 句意：所以，对于中国人来说，选择一个好的数字来表达重要的事情是很重要的。 choose选择；write写；count数。根据“a good number”可知，选择好的数字很重要。故选A。 【32题详解】 句意：数字6、8和9是大多数中国人最喜欢的幸运数字。 delicious美味的；favorite最爱的；similar相似的。根据“The numbers 6, 8 and 9 are the...lucky numbers of most Chinese people”可知，6、8、9是中国人最喜爱的数字。故选B。 【33题详解】 句意：在所有的单独数字中，8当然是中国最幸运的数字。 probably大概，可能；hardly几乎不；surely当然。根据“the luckiest number”可知，8当然是中国最幸运的数字。故选C。 【34题详解】 句意：“8”在汉语中读作ba，读音与发相近。 drawn画画；pronounced发音；spelt拼写。根据“ba and sounds similar to fa.”可知，数字8的发音与发相似。故选B。 【35题详解】 句意：传统的中文单词发财的意思是“富有”或“在短时间内变得富有”。 rich富有的；good好的；dear亲爱的。根据“wealthy”可知，是在很短时间内变富。故选A。 【36题详解】 句意：有许多短语或表达与“8”有关，如“八面来财”，意思是“财富来自八个方面”和“八面春风”，意思是“春风来自八个方向”，表达了希望某人无论走到哪里，无论做什么，她/他都能幸运。 luckiness运气；knowledge知识；wealth财富。根据“Bamian laicai”可知，“八面来财”是财富来自八个方面。故选C。 【37题详解】 句意：有许多短语或表达与“8”有关，如“八面来财”，意思是“财富来自八个方面”和“八面春风”，意思是“春风来自八个方向”，表达了希望某人无论走到哪里，无论做什么，她/他都能幸运。 giving up放弃；working on致力于；hurrying up赶快。根据“expressing the wish that someone gets luck wherever she/he goes, or whatever she/he is”可知，无论做什么都能幸运。故选B。 【38题详解】 句意：例如，2008年北京奥运会开幕式正好在2008年8月8日晚上8点8分8秒开始。 ceremony仪式；vacation假期；competition比赛。根据“the opening...of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games”可知，是北京奥运会开幕式。故选A。 【39题详解】 句意：中国人对“8”的喜爱在很多方面都能看到，比如门牌号、电话号码、车牌号码、结婚日期和开业日期。 thanks感谢；love爱；excuses借口。根据“for 8 can be seen in many other cases (事例), such as house numbers, phone numbers, number plates, wedding dates and the date for opening a business”可知，中国人对“8”的喜爱在很多方面都能被看到。故选B。 【40题详解】 句意：8被认为是幸运的，受到中国人的喜爱，因为它在传统和现代文化中都有意义。 although尽管；until直到；because因为。根据“8 is considered lucky and favored by Chinese...it holds meaning in both traditional and modern cultures.”可知，空格前后为因果关系，前果后因，故应用because。故选C。 三、阅读理解（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Here are some new sports that will appear at the LA 2028 Summer Olympics. baseball/softball There are world championships (锦标赛) for both men and women in both sports. But at the Olympics, baseball is a men’s-only sport while softball a women’s-only sport. Baseball became a medal sport in the Olympics in 1992 while softball at the 1996 Summer Olympics. flag football Flag football is similar to American football. Each flag football team has 5 players. In 2028, flag football will be at the Olympics for the first time. cricket Cricket is a ball game played by two teams, usually of 11 players each. The sport has got over 2.5 billion fans around the world. It was first played at the 1900 Olympics in Paris. Lacrosse Lacrosse is a team sport, where each team can have 6 or 10 players. At the 2028 Olympics, there will be 6 players in each team. Lacrosse is not new to the Olympics. It was played at the 1904 and 1908 Olympics. ▲ squash Squash is a sport played in a four-walled court (球场) by two players or four for doubles with a rubber ball. Players take turns hitting the ball against the front wall. It’s appeared in many games. At the 2028 Olympics, squash is finally an Olympic sport! 41. Softball was first played as a medal sport in the Olympics in ________. A. 1908 B. 1996 C. 2008 42. Which picture can be put in ▲ ? A. B. C. 43. The text is written mainly to ________. A. encourage students to do different sports B. call on people to take part in the Olympic Games C. provide information about some sports at the 2028 Olympics 【答案】41. B 42. A 43. C 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了2028年奥运会上一些运动项目的信息。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Baseball became a medal sport in the Olympics in 1992 while softball at the 1996 Summer Olympics.”可知是在1996年夏季奥运会上第一次成为奖牌项目。故选B。 【42题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Players take turns hitting the ball against the front wall.”可知需要球员们轮流把球打在前墙上。图片A符合，故选A。 【43题详解】 主旨大意题。本文介绍了2028年奥运会上一些运动项目的信息。故选C。 B In ancient China, there was a tradition called shu xiu. People gave teachers dried salted meat as a gift to show their respect for teachers. At that time, people didn’t get to eat meat very often because it was expensive. It was so valuable (贵重的) that people could even trade it for other things. So giving teachers dried salted meat as a gift when children started school showed that ancient people respected teachers and valued education highly. The practice of shu xiu started over 2,000 years ago. And it lasted for many centuries until the Tang Dynasty. Over time, shu xiu took on different forms (形式), and the meaning of it changed as well. Some people used it to refer to the money students paid for their education at school and even called a teacher’s salary (薪水) shu xiu. In modern times, teachers in China are still highly respected and valued, but the ways of showing thanks to them have changed. People no longer use shu xiu to refer to the money for school or a teacher’s salary. What’s more, giving teachers dried salted meat as a gift is not common practice anymore. Nowadays, students often give gifts like flowers and cards. However, the tradition of shu xiu remains (仍然是) an important part of Chinese history and culture, reminding us of the importance of education and indicating the history and tradition of respecting teachers. 44. Why did ancient Chinese use dried salted meat to show their respect for teachers? A. Because it was healthy. B. Because it was delicious. C. Because it was valuable. 45. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A. The importance of shu xiu. B. The history of shu xiu. C. How shu xiu was started. 46. The underlined word “indicating” in the last paragraph is the closest in meaning to “________”. A. showing B. starting C. breaking 47. The writer wrote the passage mainly to ________. A. explain an ancient tradition B. show his respect for teachers C. describe the value of education 【答案】44. C 45. B 46. A 47. A 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国古代尊重老师的传统——束脩，虽然这个传统现在过时了，但是尊师重教在中国一直是个传统。 【44题详解】 细节理解题。根据“At that time, people didn’t get to eat meat very often because it was expensive. It was so valuable (贵重的) that people could even trade it for other things”可知，人们把咸肉干作为礼物送给老师，是因为在那个时候，人们不经常吃肉，因为肉很贵。故选C。 【45题详解】 主旨大意题。通读第三段并根据“The practice of shu xiu started over 2,000 years ago. And it lasted for many centuries until the Tang Dynasty...”可知，第三段主要介绍了束脩历史。故选B。 【46题详解】 词句猜测题。根据“However, the tradition of shu xiu remains (仍然是) an important part of Chinese history and culture, reminding us of the importance of education and indicating the history and tradition of respecting teachers”可知，然而，束脩传统仍然是中国历史和文化的重要组成部分，提醒我们教育的重要性，并显示出了尊师的历史和传统，故划线单词表示“显示，展示”，与showing意思相近。故选A。 【47题详解】 主旨大意题。本文主要介绍中国古代尊重老师的传统——束脩，故是解释了一种古代传统。故选A。 C Yang Zhiyang is a 23-year-old boy from Baoji, Shaanxi Province. He has become an inspiration to young people as he works full-time to take care of his mother, who has ALS (渐冻症). Yang’s mother, Su Jing, came down with the disease in 2011. Yang, then 10, has since taken on the role of caregiver as the disease gradually takes away his mother’s ability to care for herself. At the same time, his father works to support the family. Because of the disease, Su needs help with almost everything. She needs to be carried up and down the stairs. She also has difficulty swallowing (吞咽) and speaking. She can still type on her mobile phone, but most of the time, she chooses to communicate with her son in another way. “My mother and I use eye contact for most of our communication,” Yang says. “For example, when she wants to sleep, she uses her eyes to show that she is tired, and she turns her head towards the bedroom. And when she needs water, she will look at the water cup on the table.” For many things, Yang has to be very careful, including helping her mother bathe and use the toilet. Though the work is difficult, Yang enjoys all the time he spends with his mother. He accompanies (陪伴) her every time she exercises. To make it more fun, he often sings to her. “People with ALS are easily tired and often want to shirk (逃避) exercise. I want to find ways to help her do more training,” Yang says. Yang’s love for his mother has touched many people. But Yang says it’s only natural that he should take care of his mother. “My mother raised (抚养) me. I’m just doing what a son should do,” he says. 48. What can we know about Yang from Paragraph 1? ①His age. ②His dream. ③His hometown. ④His hobby. A. ①③ B. ②④ C. ③④ 49. How do Yang and his mother mostly communicate with each other? A. By making phone calls. B. By using eye contact. C. By writing on the paper. 50. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 5 refer to? A. Bathing. B. Drinking water. C. Doing exercise. 51. The writer writes the passage to ________. A. show how to fight with ALS B. tell the story of a boy and his mother C. ask readers to care about people with ALS 【答案】48. A 49. B 50. C 51. B 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了一位儿子照顾渐冻症的妈妈。 【48题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Yang Zhiyang is a 23-year-old boy from Baoji, Shaanxi Province. He has become an inspiration to young people as he works full-time to take care of his mother, who has ALS”可知我们可以了解到他的年龄，他的家乡，故选A。 【49题详解】 细节理解题。根据“My mother and I use eye contact for most of our communication”可知是通过眼神交流，故选B。 【50题详解】 词句猜测题。根据“He accompanies (陪伴) her every time she exercises. To make it more fun, he often sings to her.”可知it指代锻炼，故选C。 【51题详解】 主旨大意题。本文讲述了一位儿子照顾渐冻症的妈妈。故选B。 D “If you feel like sleeping more in winter, you’re not alone,” said Dr. Raj Dasgupta. To support himself, he mentioned a study that found at least a third of American adults sleep more in winter. So do people need to hibernate (冬眠) like some animals on cold days? Another study done at a hospital in Berlin may help you find out the answer. 188 patients in the study slept about an hour longer in winter, with 30 more minutes of rapid eye movement (REM). REM is a stage of sleep where we dream more and our breathing speeds up. “REM helps us remember things and stay happy, and keeps us healthy,” said Dasgupta. The need for more sleep in winter may have to do with how light changes. “Our bodies use sunlight to set our sleep clocks. When it’s bright outside, we are usually active. But when the sun goes down, we may feel tired,” Dasgupta said. “Less sunlight on cold days causes an increase in melatonin (褪黑素) produced by our bodies, which makes us feel sleepy. “Because of more production of melatonin, people naturally think a healthy person needs more sleep in winter. However, that doesn’t mean humans really need hibernation. “We just need to have a better rest from busy social work in winter, such as getting more sunlight in the morning and going to bed and waking up at the same time every day,” said another researcher, Dr. Carleara Weiss. 52. According to the study in Para. 2, the patients slept about ________ longer on cold days. A. 30 minutes B. 60 minutes C. 188 minutes 53. Which is not mentioned about REM? A. Its causes. B. Its meaning. C. Its advantages. 54. What does Para. 3 mainly talk about? A. Why our bodies set sleep clocks. B. How weather influences our health. C. Why we want more sleep in winter. 55. Which can be the best title for the passage? A. What is REM? B. Do humans need to hibernate? C. Tips for better sleep in winter 【答案】52. B 53. A 54. C 55. B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了人们在冬天需要更多的睡眠及其原因。 【52题详解】 细节理解题。根据“188 patients in the study slept about an hour longer in winter”可知，患者在冬天多睡了大约一个小时，即60分钟。故选B。 【53题详解】 细节理解题。根据“REM is a stage of sleep where we dream more and our breathing speeds up. ‘REM helps us remember things and stay happy, and keeps us healthy,’”可知，快速眼动是睡眠的一个阶段，在这个阶段我们做梦更多，呼吸加快。快速眼动有助于我们记住事情，保持快乐，保持健康，故此处介绍了REM的意义和优点。故选A。 【54题详解】 主旨大意题。通读第三段和“The need for more sleep in winter may have to do with how light changes”可知，第三段主要介绍了为什么我们在冬天需要更多的睡眠。故选C。 【55题详解】 最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了人们在冬天需要更多的睡眠及其原因。故选项B“人类需要冬眠吗？”符合语境。故选B。 第Ⅱ卷（非选择题 共40分） 三、阅读理解（共两节，满分40分） 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，完成相关任务。 If someone asks you whether you know what silence sounds like, what would you say? Your answer would probably be “No”. That is not strange because our world is filled with noise, from the ringing of phones to the roar of traffic. We have become so used to noise that it is difficult for us to experience true silence. But Gordon Hempton, an ecologist (生态学家) has been thinking about noise and trying to save quiet for over 40 years. According to him, noise not only causes damage to humans but also harms animals and plants. He believes that by saving quiet, we can help protect species (物种) and the environment, and take care of our planet. To achieve this, Hempton has traveled around the world, collecting natural sounds or what he calls “experiences of silence”, and searching for naturally quiet places. In 2005, he discovered a small place in a forest park that he considered one of the quietest places in the world. He thought that by protecting this area from noise pollution, the positive (积极的) influence would extend to surrounding (周围的) areas. But later, he realized it wasn’t enough. So in 2018, he started the Quiet Parks International (QPI). During the past few years, the QPI team has identified (确认) around 300 quiet places around the world. One of Hempton’s biggest challenges remains convincing people of the importance of silence. But he is hopeful. He believes that more people will listen to QPI’s message and that anything is possible. 56. How long has Hempton been trying to save quiet? _______________________________________ 57. What did Hempton do in 2018? _______________________________________ 58. 请把划线句子翻译成汉语。 _______________________________________ 59. 请给短文拟一个恰当的标题。 _______________________________________ 60. What do you think of Hempton? _______________________________________ 【答案】56. For over 40 years. 57. He started the Quiet Parks International (QPI). 58. 我们已经变得习惯了噪音，以致于对我们来说很难体验到真正的寂静。 59. Save quiet, save everything/... 60. He is great and can make a big difference in our world./... 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了我们已经习惯了噪音，以致于我们很难经历真正的沉默。但是Gordon Hempton认为，安静可以帮助保护物种和环境，并保护我们的地球。 【56题详解】 根据“But Gordon Hempton, an ecologist (生态学家) has been thinking about noise and trying to save quiet for over 40 years.”可知有40多年，故填For over 40 years. 【57题详解】 根据“So in 2018, he started the Quiet Parks International (QPI).”可知在2018年，他创办了国际安静公园组织，故填He started the Quiet Parks International (QPI). 【58题详解】 We“我们”；have become used to“已经变得习惯于”；so…that“如此……以致于”；noise“噪音”；it is difficult“是困难的”；for us“对我们来说”；to experience true silence“去经历真的寂静”。故填：我们已经变得习惯了噪音，以致于对我们来说很难体验到真正的寂静。 【59题详解】 本文讲述了我们已经习惯了噪音，以致于我们很难经历真正的沉默。但是Gordon Hempton认为，安静可以帮助保护物种和环境，并保护我们的地球。因此标题可以是“保留寂静，拯救所有”，故填Save quiet, save everything/... 60题详解】 开放性作答，言之有理即可。根据“He believes that by saving quiet, we can help protect species (物种) and the environment, and take care of our planet.”可知他很棒，可以对我们的世界产生很大影响。故填He is great and can make a big difference in our world./... 四、综合填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，用方框内所给词汇的适当形式填空，使短文语义完整。 ocean, sleep, dangerous, laugh, into, king, until, brave, nothing, hot As time passed, the stone monkey learned to walk, run, and climb. He drank from streams and ate fruits and leaves. He became friends with all the other monkeys. At night he ___61___ under a cliff (悬崖). One very ___62___ morning, all the monkeys were playing in the shade. “It was so hot today!” cried one monkey. “Let’s play in the stream.” “Good idea!” said another monkey. Then the monkeys ran to the stream, where the water rolled over the rocks. The monkeys jumped ___63___ the cool water. After a few minutes, one monkey scratched her head. “We all love this stream. We know that it flows all the way to the ___64___. But does anyone know where the stream begins?” They all looked at one another and shook their heads. “We have ___65___ to do today,” the monkey continued. “Why don’t we follow the stream to find its source (源头)?” “That sounds fun,” said another monkey. “Let’s go!” said a tall monkey. Everyone jumped out of the water. They jumped over rocks and climbed up steep cliffs. They went up higher and higher ___66___ they reached a waterfall. “I wonder what’s behind that waterfall,” said an old monkey. “But nobody could jump through it. Whoever can jump through it and come back alive will be our ___67___. Is anyone brave enough to try?” All the monkeys looked at one another and shook their heads. And then a voice called out ___68___, “I’ll do it!” Everyone moved out of the way as the speaker stepped forward. It was the stone monkey. “Are you sure?” asked the old monkey. “It looks ___69___.” The stone monkey ____70____. “I’m not afraid of anything! When I come back, I will be the king!” the stone monkey took a deep breath and jumped into the waterfall. 【答案】61. slept 62. hot 63. into 64. ocean 65. nothing 66. until 67. king 68. bravely 69. dangerous 70. laughed 【解析】 【导语】本文主要描述石猴在长大后，带领其他的猴子决定去寻找溪流的源头。 【61题详解】 句意：晚上，他在悬崖下面睡觉。根据“At night he …under a cliff (悬崖).”可知，晚上，应该是要睡觉休息，sleep符合语境，此处使用动词过去式，描述过去发生的动作，故填slept。 【62题详解】 句意：一个非常炎热的早晨，所有的猴子都在树荫下玩耍。根据“It was so hot today!”可知，天气很炎热，hot符合语境，形容词作定语，故填hot。 【63题详解】 句意：猴子们跳入冷水中。根据“jumped …the cool water.”可知，此处为固定短语jump into“跳入”，故填into。 【64题详解】 句意：我们知道它一直流到大海。根据“But does anyone know where the stream begins?””可知，这个小溪的最终的流向大家都是知道的，结合备选词，应该是流向大海，ocean符合语境，故填ocean。 【65题详解】 句意：“我们今天没有什么要做，”猴子继续说。根据“Why don’t we follow the stream to find its source (源头)?”可知，去找溪流的源头，说明今天应该比较闲，无事可做，nothing符合语境，故填nothing。 【66题详解】 句意：他们越走越高，直到他们到达了一个瀑布。根据“They went up higher and higher …they reached a waterfall.”和“I wonder what’s behind that waterfall”可知，他们到达了一个瀑布后就不走了，此处需要使用连词连接一个句子，until符合语境，故填until。 【67题详解】 句意：能够跳过去并活着回来的人，将成为我们的王。根据“But nobody could jump through it. Whoever can jump through it and come back alive will be our …. Is anyone brave enough to try?”可知，老猴子此处说的话表明只要可以跳过去并活着回来就可以成为猴王，king符合语境，故填king。 【68题详解】 句意：然后一个声音勇敢地喊道，“我来！”根据“I’ll do it!”可知，这个石猴是勇敢的，brave符合，此处用副词修饰动词，故填bravely。 【69题详解】 句意：看起来就很危险。根据“All the monkeys looked at one another and shook their heads.”可知，别的猴子都不敢尝试，说明很危险，dangerous符合语境，形容词作表语，故填dangerous。 【70题详解】 句意：石猴笑了起来。根据“I’m not afraid of anything! When I come back, I will be the king!”可知，石猴是胆子大的，根本不害怕，所以应该是笑着的，laugh符合语境，本文描述过去发生的事情，使用动词过去式。故填laughed。 五、写作（共两节，满分20分） 第一节 信息归纳（满分5分） 阅读短文，用英语完成思维导图。 Do you know the saying “You are what you eat”? It means that the food you eat today can impact (影响) your health tomorrow. Actually, eating healthy food and practicing weight control can help people stay away from health problems. However, there are countless wrong ideas about losing weight. Ways that promise quick weight loss are not healthy. Luckily, doctors and experts are helping people understand the right things to do to control their weight. They also give people good advice on how to take care of their bodies. They ask people to eat healthy food that is rich in nutrients (营养物), vitamins (维生素) and minerals (矿物质). However, eating healthily is not the whole story. Another important thing for keeping a healthy weight is doing exercise. Activities like walking, biking or swimming can make a difference in your weight and overall health. What’s more, it is necessary to follow a healthy lifestyle. It not only helps people keep a healthy weight but also protects their bodies. One important lifestyle factor (因素) is stress. Stress can lead to overeating, which can further lead to overweight. So, finding healthy ways to manage stress can help you keep a healthy weight. For example, simple breathing exercises and morning exercises help manage stress. Not getting enough sleep is another factor that makes you put on weight. Sleep is important, and at least seven to eight hours of sleep each night can help keep a healthy weight. Making small changes every day can make a big difference to your health. The food is rich in nutrients, vitamins and minerals. Eat ___71___ Keys to Healthy Weight Management Follow ___72___ Manage ___73___ by doing simple breathing exercises and morning exercises. Walking, biking or ___74___ can make a difference. Do exercise. Get enough ___75___ —at least seven to eight hours each night. 【答案】71. healthy food##healthily 72. a healthy lifestyle 73. stress 74. swimming 75. sleep 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了健康体重管理的关键。 【71题详解】 根据“They ask people to eat healthy food”可知要吃健康的食物，healthy food作eat的宾语，也可用副词healthily修饰动词。故填healthy food/healthily。 72题详解】 根据“What’s more, it is necessary to follow a healthy lifestyle.”可知有必要遵循健康的生活方式。故填a healthy lifestyle。 【73题详解】 根据“simple breathing exercises and morning exercises help manage stress”可知简单的呼吸练习和晨练有助于控制压力。故填stress。 【74题详解】 根据“Activities like walking, biking or swimming can make a difference in your weight and overall health.”可知可以走路、骑自行车或者游泳。故填swimming。 【75题详解】 根据“Sleep is important, and at least seven to eight hours of sleep each night can help keep a healthy weight.”可知足够的睡眠很重要。故填sleep。 第二节 书面表达（满分15分） 76. 假如你是李华，你所在的英语角下周让同学们围绕“生活中的小意外”进行分享。请你根据以下内容提示，用英语写一篇短文为下周的活动做准备。 内容提示： 1. Describe one unexpected thing that happened to you recently; 2. Share how you faced the unexpected; 3. Talk about what you’ve learned from the experience. 要求： 1.短文需包括内容提示中的要点，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 2.语言表达要准确，语意要通顺； 3.词数100左右，短文的开头已给出，不计入总词数。 Life is full of the unexpected. Let me share one unexpected thing that happened to me recently._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文： Life is full of the unexpected. Let me share one unexpected thing that happened to me recently. Last Monday morning, I woke up late and rushed to get ready for school. I was in such a hurry that I forgot to take my water bottle. I didn’t know that until I felt so thirsty after class that I wanted to drink some water. I found my water bottle wasn’t in my schoolbag. How disappointed and sad I was! What should I do? There were no stores in our school and I couldn’t buy any water. I looked around my classroom and found my classmates Jack and Tom were drinking water with their water bottles. I walked to them and said, “Hi, I forget to take my water bottle today but I’m so thirsty now. Could I have some water of yours?” They looked at me in surprise first and then gave me their water bottles quickly. How kind and helpful they were! This little accident made me realize the importance of friends and their support. Sometimes, things don’t go as planned, but having friends who care about you can make all the difference. I learned that it’s okay to make mistakes and that true friends will always be there to help you when you need them. 【解析】 【详解】[整体介绍] ①题材：本文是一篇记叙文，属于材料作文； ②时态：采用“一般过去时”； ③提示：要求包含所有要点提示，内容完整，条理清晰，注意标点符号的使用。 [写作步骤] 第一步，描述意外的事情； 第二步，分享解决方法； 第三步，谈自己的感受。 [亮点词汇] ①get ready for为……做准备 ②in a hurry匆忙地 ③in surprise吃惊地 [高分句型] ①I didn’t know that until I felt so thirsty after class that I wanted to drink some water.（时间状语从句） ②Sometimes, things don’t go as planned, but having friends who care about you can make all the difference.（定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$null 二○二四年初中学业水平考试（中考）英语模拟试题（三） 注意事项： 1.本试题分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分。第Ⅰ卷为选择题，80分；第Ⅱ卷为非选择题，40分；共120分。考试用时120分钟。 2.请务必在答题卡规定的答题区域内作答，第Ⅰ卷须用2B铅笔填涂，第Ⅱ卷须用0.5毫米的黑色签字笔书写。 第Ⅰ卷（选择题 共80分） 一、听力（共四节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，请将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5个小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5个句子，每个句子后有三幅图画。每个句子仅读一遍。请你从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出与句子内容相符的图画。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. B. C. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. B. C. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. B. C. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. B. C. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. B. C. 第二节（共5个小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5个句子，每个句子后有一道小题。每个句子读两遍。请你听完句子的第二遍朗读后，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答语。 6. 此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. I agree. B. Yes, sure. C. Thank you all the same. 7. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Ten minutes’ walk. B. Ten years. C. On foot. 8. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. It’s very kind of you. B. Good luck. C. That’s too bad. 9. 此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. They should work hard. B. Their coach. C. They’ll win the next one. 10. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Thanks a lot. B. You’re welcome. C. Yes, me too. 第三节（共5个小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一道小题。每段对话读两遍。请你听完对话的第二遍朗读后，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 11. What is Henry doing? 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Playing with toys. B. Doing his homework. C. Playing computer games. 12. Where’s Jane? 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. In the supermarket. B. At the cinema. C. At the sports club. 13. What will Tina do next weekend? 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Take a vacation. B. Have a school trip. C. Study medicine. 14. How many pieces of advice does Dale give the girl? 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. 15. What are the two speakers talking about? 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Their hobbies. B. Friends and families. C. Weekend activities. 第四节（共5个小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面一段短文，短文后有五道小题。短文读两遍。请你听完短文第二遍朗读后，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 16. Who was the first person to say hello to the speaker? A. Brian. B. Ben. C. Bob. 17. How did the speaker go to school every day? A. On foot. B. By bike. C. By bus. 18. How long did the speaker spend dancing every Thursday? A. One hour. B. Two hours. C. Three hours. 19. What did the speaker join in Grade 9? A. The school newspaper. B. The school art club. C. The school band. 20. What does the speaker mainly talk about? A. His hobbies in his free time. B. His family activities in the past. C. His memories from junior high school. 二、英语知识运用（共两节，满分20分） 第一节 单项填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 从A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 21. —Tracy, what’s ChatGPT? —ChatGPT is ________ AI robot. It can think like humans and do lots of writing work for us. A. a B. an C. the 22. —Have you learned the Chinese poem “When will the moon be clear and bright? With a cup of wine in my hand, I ask the blue sky.”? —Yes. Su Shi wrote the poem for ________. A. the Mid-Autumn Festival B. the Spring Festival C. the Lantern Festival 23. —Doctor, you said 288 yuan for pulling my tooth? It’s only a few minutes’ work. —Well. I can do it ________ if you like. A. more quietly B. less carefully C. more slowly 24. —The magician put a little rabbit into the box, but it ________ when he opened the box. —Wow! How amazing! A. discovered B. disliked C. disappeared 25. —Do you know the astronaut Wang Yaping? —Sure. She is a great woman who can ________ her dreams. I really look up to her. A. pay for B. stick to C. lay out 26. —Tom’s father bought lots of books yesterday. —That’s not strange. ________ Tom ________ his father enjoy reading. A. Both; and B. Neither; nor C. Either; or 27. —Wow, Mr. Zhang, your car looks really new and nice! —Thanks. But in fact, I ________ it for two years. A. will buy B. have had C. bought 28. —What are you reading? —Harry Potter, a book which ________ by J. K. Rowling in 1997. A. written B. was writing C. was written 29. —Too much work made me tired these days, Mrs. Miller. —That’s true. But a small tree won’t grow into a big one ________ it experiences lots of winds and rains. A. if B. because C. unless 30. —Oh, no! My smart phone is missing! —________. Go to the lost and found office. They might have it. A. Don’t worry B. Thanks a lot C. That’s cool 第二节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 In Chinese culture, people believe that lucky numbers can bring them good luck. So, it is important for Chinese people to ____31____ a good number for important things. For example, they choose lucky numbers for wedding dates and dates of moving into a new house. The numbers 6, 8 and 9 are the ____32____ lucky numbers of most Chinese people. Combinations of the above are thought as lucky numbers too, such as 66, 88, 168. Of all the individual numbers, 8 is ____33____ the luckiest number in China. “8” is associated with wealth. “8” in Chinese is ____34____ba and sounds similar to fa. The traditional Chinese word fa cai means “wealthy” or “becoming ____35____ in a short time”. There are many phrases or expressions associated with “8”, such as “Bamian laicai”, meaning “____36____ comes from eight sides” and “Bamian chunfeng”, meaning “spring wind comes from eight directions”, expressing the wish that someone gets luck wherever she/he goes, or whatever she/he is ____37____. Chinese people like to choose “8” as the time or date of important events. For example, the opening ____38____ of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games started exactly at 8 minutes and 8 seconds past 8 pm on the 8th of August 2008. Chinese’s ____39____ for 8 can be seen in many other cases (事例), such as house numbers, phone numbers, number plates, wedding dates and the date for opening a business. 8 is considered lucky and favored by Chinese ____40____ it holds meaning in both traditional and modern cultures. 31. A. choose B. write C. count 32. A. delicious B. favorite C. similar 33. A. probably B. hardly C. surely 34. A. drawn B. pronounced C. spelt 35. A. rich B. good C. dear 36. A. luckiness B. knowledge C. wealth 37. A. giving up B. working on C. hurrying up 38. A. ceremony B. vacation C. competition 39. A. thanks B. love C. excuses 40. A. although B. until C. because 三、阅读理解（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Here are some new sports that will appear at the LA 2028 Summer Olympics. baseball/softball There are world championships (锦标赛) for both men and women in both sports. But at the Olympics, baseball is a men’s-only sport while softball a women’s-only sport. Baseball became a medal sport in the Olympics in 1992 while softball at the 1996 Summer Olympics. flag football Flag football is similar to American football. Each flag football team has 5 players. In 2028, flag football will be at the Olympics for the first time. cricket Cricket is a ball game played by two teams, usually of 11 players each. The sport has got over 2.5 billion fans around the world. It was first played at the 1900 Olympics in Paris. Lacrosse Lacrosse is a team sport, where each team can have 6 or 10 players. At the 2028 Olympics, there will be 6 players in each team. Lacrosse is not new to the Olympics. It was played at the 1904 and 1908 Olympics. ▲ squash Squash is a sport played in a four-walled court (球场) by two players or four for doubles with a rubber ball. Players take turns hitting the ball against the front wall. It’s appeared in many games. At the 2028 Olympics, squash is finally an Olympic sport! 41. Softball was first played as a medal sport in the Olympics in ________. A. 1908 B. 1996 C. 2008 42. Which picture can be put in ▲ ? A. B. C. 43. The text is written mainly to ________. A encourage students to do different sports B. call on people to take part in the Olympic Games C. provide information about some sports at the 2028 Olympics B In ancient China, there was a tradition called shu xiu. People gave teachers dried salted meat as a gift to show their respect for teachers. At that time, people didn’t get to eat meat very often because it was expensive. It was so valuable (贵重的) that people could even trade it for other things. So giving teachers dried salted meat as a gift when children started school showed that ancient people respected teachers and valued education highly. The practice of shu xiu started over 2,000 years ago. And it lasted for many centuries until the Tang Dynasty. Over time, shu xiu took on different forms (形式), and the meaning of it changed as well. Some people used it to refer to the money students paid for their education at school and even called a teacher’s salary (薪水) shu xiu. In modern times, teachers in China are still highly respected and valued, but the ways of showing thanks to them have changed. People no longer use shu xiu to refer to the money for school or a teacher’s salary. What’s more, giving teachers dried salted meat as a gift is not common practice anymore. Nowadays, students often give gifts like flowers and cards. However, the tradition of shu xiu remains (仍然是) an important part of Chinese history and culture, reminding us of the importance of education and indicating the history and tradition of respecting teachers. 44. Why did ancient Chinese use dried salted meat to show their respect for teachers? A. Because it was healthy. B. Because it was delicious. C. Because it was valuable. 45. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A. The importance of shu xiu. B. The history of shu xiu. C. How shu xiu was started. 46. The underlined word “indicating” in the last paragraph is the closest in meaning to “________”. A. showing B. starting C. breaking 47. The writer wrote the passage mainly to ________. A. explain an ancient tradition B. show his respect for teachers C. describe the value of education C Yang Zhiyang is a 23-year-old boy from Baoji, Shaanxi Province. He has become an inspiration to young people as he works full-time to take care of his mother, who has ALS (渐冻症). Yang’s mother, Su Jing, came down with the disease in 2011. Yang, then 10, has since taken on the role of caregiver as the disease gradually takes away his mother’s ability to care for herself. At the same time, his father works to support the family. Because of the disease, Su needs help with almost everything. She needs to be carried up and down the stairs. She also has difficulty swallowing (吞咽) and speaking. She can still type on her mobile phone, but most of the time, she chooses to communicate with her son in another way. “My mother and I use eye contact for most of our communication,” Yang says. “For example, when she wants to sleep, she uses her eyes to show that she is tired, and she turns her head towards the bedroom. And when she needs water, she will look at the water cup on the table.” For many things, Yang has to be very careful, including helping her mother bathe and use the toilet. Though the work is difficult, Yang enjoys all the time he spends with his mother. He accompanies (陪伴) her every time she exercises. To make it more fun, he often sings to her. “People with ALS are easily tired and often want to shirk (逃避) exercise. I want to find ways to help her do more training,” Yang says. Yang’s love for his mother has touched many people. But Yang says it’s only natural that he should take care of his mother. “My mother raised (抚养) me. I’m just doing what a son should do,” he says. 48. What can we know about Yang from Paragraph 1? ①His age. ②His dream. ③His hometown. ④His hobby. A. ①③ B. ②④ C. ③④ 49. How do Yang and his mother mostly communicate with each other? A. By making phone calls. B. By using eye contact. C. By writing on the paper. 50. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 5 refer to? A. Bathing. B. Drinking water. C. Doing exercise. 51. The writer writes the passage to ________. A. show how to fight with ALS B. tell the story of a boy and his mother C. ask readers to care about people with ALS D “If you feel like sleeping more in winter, you’re not alone,” said Dr. Raj Dasgupta. To support himself, he mentioned a study that found at least a third of American adults sleep more in winter. So do people need to hibernate (冬眠) like some animals on cold days? Another study done at a hospital in Berlin may help you find out the answer. 188 patients in the study slept about an hour longer in winter, with 30 more minutes of rapid eye movement (REM). REM is a stage of sleep where we dream more and our breathing speeds up. “REM helps us remember things and stay happy, and keeps us healthy,” said Dasgupta. The need for more sleep in winter may have to do with how light changes. “Our bodies use sunlight to set our sleep clocks. When it’s bright outside, we are usually active. But when the sun goes down, we may feel tired,” Dasgupta said. “Less sunlight on cold days causes an increase in melatonin (褪黑素) produced by our bodies, which makes us feel sleepy. “Because of more production of melatonin, people naturally think a healthy person needs more sleep in winter. However, that doesn’t mean humans really need hibernation. “We just need to have a better rest from busy social work in winter, such as getting more sunlight in the morning and going to bed and waking up at the same time every day,” said another researcher, Dr. Carleara Weiss. 52. According to the study in Para. 2, the patients slept about ________ longer on cold days. A. 30 minutes B. 60 minutes C. 188 minutes 53. Which is not mentioned about REM? A. Its causes. B. Its meaning. C. Its advantages. 54. What does Para. 3 mainly talk about? A. Why our bodies set sleep clocks. B. How weather influences our health. C. Why we want more sleep in winter. 55. Which can be the best title for the passage? A. What is REM? B. Do humans need to hibernate? C. Tips for better sleep in winter 第Ⅱ卷（非选择题 共40分） 三、阅读理解（共两节，满分40分） 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，完成相关任务。 If someone asks you whether you know what silence sounds like, what would you say? Your answer would probably be “No”. That is not strange because our world is filled with noise, from the ringing of phones to the roar of traffic. We have become so used to noise that it is difficult for us to experience true silence. But Gordon Hempton, an ecologist (生态学家) has been thinking about noise and trying to save quiet for over 40 years. According to him, noise not only causes damage to humans but also harms animals and plants. He believes that by saving quiet, we can help protect species (物种) and the environment, and take care of our planet. To achieve this, Hempton has traveled around the world, collecting natural sounds or what he calls “experiences of silence”, and searching for naturally quiet places. In 2005, he discovered a small place in a forest park that he considered one of the quietest places in the world. He thought that by protecting this area from noise pollution, the positive (积极) influence would extend to surrounding (周围的) areas. But later, he realized it wasn’t enough. So in 2018, he started the Quiet Parks International (QPI). During the past few years, the QPI team has identified (确认) around 300 quiet places around the world. One of Hempton’s biggest challenges remains convincing people of the importance of silence. But he is hopeful. He believes that more people will listen to QPI’s message and that anything is possible. 56. How long has Hempton been trying to save quiet? _______________________________________ 57. What did Hempton do in 2018? _______________________________________ 58. 请把划线句子翻译成汉语。 _______________________________________ 59. 请给短文拟一个恰当的标题。 _______________________________________ 60. What do you think of Hempton? _______________________________________ 四、综合填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，用方框内所给词汇的适当形式填空，使短文语义完整。 ocean, sleep, dangerous, laugh, into, king, until, brave, nothing, hot As time passed, the stone monkey learned to walk, run, and climb. He drank from streams and ate fruits and leaves. He became friends with all the other monkeys. At night he ___61___ under a cliff (悬崖). One very ___62___ morning, all the monkeys were playing in the shade. “It was so hot today!” cried one monkey. “Let’s play in the stream.” “Good idea!” said another monkey. Then the monkeys ran to the stream, where the water rolled over the rocks. The monkeys jumped ___63___ the cool water. After a few minutes, one monkey scratched her head. “We all love this stream. We know that it flows all the way to the ___64___. But does anyone know where the stream begins?” They all looked at one another and shook their heads. “We have ___65___ to do today,” the monkey continued. “Why don’t we follow the stream to find its source (源头)?” “That sounds fun,” said another monkey. “Let’s go!” said a tall monkey. Everyone jumped out of the water. They jumped over rocks and climbed up steep cliffs. They went up higher and higher ___66___ they reached a waterfall. “I wonder what’s behind that waterfall,” said an old monkey. “But nobody could jump through it. Whoever can jump through it and come back alive will be our ___67___. Is anyone brave enough to try?” All the monkeys looked at one another and shook their heads. And then a voice called out ___68___, “I’ll do it!” Everyone moved out of the way as the speaker stepped forward. It was the stone monkey. “Are you sure?” asked the old monkey. “It looks ___69___.” The stone monkey ____70____. “I’m not afraid of anything! When I come back, I will be the king!” the stone monkey took a deep breath and jumped into the waterfall. 五、写作（共两节，满分20分） 第一节 信息归纳（满分5分） 阅读短文，用英语完成思维导图。 Do you know the saying “You are what you eat”? It means that the food you eat today can impact (影响) your health tomorrow. Actually, eating healthy food and practicing weight control can help people stay away from health problems. However, there are countless wrong ideas about losing weight. Ways that promise quick weight loss are not healthy. Luckily, doctors and experts are helping people understand the right things to do to control their weight. They also give people good advice on how to take care of their bodies. They ask people to eat healthy food that is rich in nutrients (营养物), vitamins (维生素) and minerals (矿物质). However, eating healthily is not the whole story. Another important thing for keeping a healthy weight is doing exercise. Activities like walking, biking or swimming can make a difference in your weight and overall health. What’s more, it is necessary to follow a healthy lifestyle. It not only helps people keep a healthy weight but also protects their bodies. One important lifestyle factor (因素) is stress. Stress can lead to overeating, which can further lead to overweight. So, finding healthy ways to manage stress can help you keep a healthy weight. For example, simple breathing exercises and morning exercises help manage stress. Not getting enough sleep is another factor that makes you put on weight. Sleep is important, and at least seven to eight hours of sleep each night can help keep a healthy weight. Making small changes every day can make a big difference to your health. The food is rich in nutrients, vitamins and minerals. Eat ___71___ Keys to Healthy Weight Management Follow ___72___ Manage ___73___ by doing simple breathing exercises and morning exercises. Walking, biking or ___74___ can make a difference. Do exercise. Get enough ___75___ —at least seven to eight hours each night. 第二节 书面表达（满分15分） 76. 假如你是李华，你所在的英语角下周让同学们围绕“生活中的小意外”进行分享。请你根据以下内容提示，用英语写一篇短文为下周的活动做准备。 内容提示： 1. Describe one unexpected thing that happened to you recently; 2. Share how you faced the unexpected; 3. Talk about what you’ve learned from the experience. 要求： 1.短文需包括内容提示中的要点，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 2.语言表达要准确，语意要通顺； 3.词数100左右，短文的开头已给出，不计入总词数。 Life is full of the unexpected. Let me share one unexpected thing that happened to me recently._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$