广东省湛江市某校2023-2024学年高二下学期第一次月考英语试题

高二英语 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，20小题，每题3分，满分60分） 第一节（共15小题，每题3分，满分45分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。 A A teenager of 17 walks into a corner store and grabs a Coca-Cola, but the cashier refuses to sell it to him because he is underage. That rule is expected to soon become reality in parts of Mexico, as lawmakers in several states push legislation (立法)to keep junk food away from children. know it can sound a bit difficult but we have to take action now," says Lopez, a lawmaker in Oaxaca's Congress. More than 70,000 Mexicans have died from COVID-19, the world's fourth-highest recorded death toll, tracked by Johns Hopkins University. 89% of those who died in Mexico had an underlying medical condition such as obesity, diabetes (糖尿病)，high blood pressure and heart problems. That has led to a new urgency to change diets so that the younger generation doesn't suffer those illnesses. The critics, however, say the leaders are using preexisting health conditions in COVID-19 patients to distract from a weak government response to the virus outbreak. Yet few people would deny that the country consumes large amounts of sugar-sweetened drinks and processed snacks with little nutrition --- or that Mexico has a major weight problem. Oaxaca's governor approved the state's junk food prohibition last week. Legislators still have to complete the legal systems, and punishment could include fines and even jail. Lopez says legislators from all over the country have called her for advice. Many other states are debating a junk food ban. However, a nationwide law would not be easy. "There are powerful commercial interests that least want it to happen, but we must prioritize the well-being of our children," Lopez says. 1. What is Lopez 's attitude towards the junk food? A. Negative. B. Neutral. C. Positive. D. Indifferent. 2. What does the underlined word "distract" mean in paragraph 3? A. Keep distance. B. Avoid illnesses. C. Break away. D. Shift attention. 3. Which of the following statements is true? A. Selling children junk food has been banned nationwide in Mexico. B. Most Mexicans who died of COVID-19 had other health problems. C. The younger generation doesn't suffer any weight problems. D. People who break the prohibition in Oaxaca will only be warned. 4. According to the last paragraph, who are most likely to oppose the legislation? A. Teenagers. B. Legislators. C. Soft drink companies. D. State governors. B People realize that, although animals may not have the same intelligence as human beings, they are clever enough to learn certain things. Dogs are extremely useful as companions for blind people. When a dog has been properly trained, he will always lead his blind master in the right direction and keep him out of danger. For example, seeing-eye dogs learn never to cross a busy road when cars are coming, even if their master ordered them to do so. Horses are also able to learn many things. Horses that are used for guard or police duty must learn never to be frightened of noises and traffic. Racing horses are able to run much faster than other horses, but they are also quite tense. Therefore, it is necessary for those people who train them to be very patient and understanding. The movie and television can use trained animals too. Some animals, such as monkeys and foxes, are easy to film. All you have to do is make a trail in front of the camera by putting something that smells good to the animals over the ground. Big animals, such as lions and tigers, can be photographed as they come happily back to their families or dinner. If a movie actor is nearby, the well trained animal will pay no attention to him. However, the audience may imagine that the actor escaped a terrible death. 5. Seeing-eye dogs have to learn the following except ______. A keeping their master safe while leading the way B. leading their master in the right direction C. crossing a busy road at the proper time D. following the master’s order anytime 6. What does “make a trail” mean here in the last paragraph? A. Give the animal a certain task. B. Place something to attract the animal. C. Order the animal to do things. D. Follow the animal to hunt. 7. Which of the following statements is the main idea of the passage? A. Animals can be trained to learn certain things. B. Dogs can be trained to help blind people. C. Animals can become interested in learning. D. Dangerous wild animals can be trained. C With self-driving vehicle technology rapidly advancing, many companies are turning to autonomous robots for the final leg of the delivery process, from the store or local distribution center to the customer. The latest to join the trend is e-commerce giant Amazon. Following a successful eight-month test run in Snohomish County, Washington, the company’s Scout robots have been making the rounds of Irvine, California, since August 6, 2019. The six-wheeled Scout is about the size of a large cooler with the capacity to carry small or medium-sized packages. The battery-powered vehicle, which moves at a regular walking pace, has been programmed to avoid pedestrians, animals, and unexpected obstacles, such as garbage cans. Its powerful sensors can also detect the movement of a car backing out of a driveway. To accelerate Scout’s development and bring it nationwide sooner, the company has created several detailed virtual maps of American suburbs and conducted trial deliveries to homes there. Though Amazon has not shown how Scout ensures the delivery is picked up by the right person, it most likely requires the customers to apply a unique code, texted to them prior to the delivery, to unlock the store box. Also unclear is the number of deliveries Scout can complete before its battery needs to be recharged. Though the initial tests are being conducted with a human for company, the robot will be autonomous in the future. Its location, however, will be tracked at all times—if someone attempts to steal Scout, Amazon employees will be instantly sensed. However, the eco-friendly robots are unable to climb stairs or open gates, which means that they can only reach consumers who live on the ground level. Additionally, the robots are unable to leave packages at the front door if the customers are not home. Whether these problems get resolved remains to be seen. For now, it appears that humans will still be needed to achieve the ever-growing demand for home and office deliveries. 8. Which of the following descriptions about Scout is right? A. They can be powered themselves. B. They are strong enough to carry big things. C They can run with their six wheels. D. They can avoid obstacles ahead. 9. What about Scout is still confusing to common people? A. How many deliveries it can do on a full charge. B. Whether it can climb stairs or open gates. C. How it recognizes the right owner of the things. D. How long it will take to get it fully charged. 10. What does the underlined phrase “prior to” in paragraph 4 mean? A. due to B. after C. in front of D. before 11 What is the author’s opinion about delivery robots according to the last paragraph? A. They are not easily available. B. They have some limitations. C. They will replace humans soon. D. They won’t be well accepted. D Are people happier in nature with blue skies overhead and fresh green grass underfoot? Could noisy streets, crowded with cars and people, make us unhappy? The possible mental health problems of city living affect a lot of people. The World Health Organization estimates(估计)that 56 percent of the world's population lived in urban areas in 2019. The WHO adds that that amount will increase to 66 percent by 2050. People often move to cities for better jobs and more cultural activities. But are they putting themselves at risk? Maybe. Experts at the American Psychiatry Association say that “natural environments or green spaces” do much good to our mental health. Many studies have shown that nature can calm us and make us feel happy. Nature, experts say, can also help us learn better. And experiencing nature helps people recover from the mental tiredness that comes from day-to-day work. On the other hand, mental health experts say some research suggests that city living might hurt our mental health. But they cannot say exactly why. What are the specific aspects of the urban environment which causes some people to develop mental illness? Andrea Mechelli, a doctor at Kings College, London, states, “There have been studies where people were literally taken out of an urban environment into a rural (乡村的) environment and their symptoms would improve. And we also see that the greater the city is, the greater the risk is.” Mechelli say that someone who lives in a city is three times more likely to develop psychological problem than someone living in the country. Kings College researchers, along with city planners, land and building designers and others wanted to learn more about city living and mental illness. So, they created a smartphone app called Urban Mind. They say they wanted to understand how different parts of the urban environment affect mental wellbeing(健康). The researchers found that being outdoors, seeing trees, hearing birdsong, seeing the sky, and feeling in contact with nature were associated with higher levels of mental well-being. They also found that these seeming effects of nature were especially strong in those individuals at greater risk of mental health problems. The Urban Mind Project team says it hopes “the results will inform future urban planning and social policy aimed at improving design and health.” 12. Why is the question raised in the first paragraph? A. To introduce the topic of the text. B. To show the background of the text. C. To ask the readers to learn the study. D. To raise the readers' interest in happiness. 13. What does Mechelli find during his study? A. People are attracted by the blue skies and green grass. B. People are more content with their city life. C. More and more people are interested in taking risks in cities, D. City people are more likely to develop mental problems than country people. 14. What is expected of the Urban Mind research result? A. More people will choose to live in the countryside. B. It will bring more concern about people s mental health. C. It will contribute to future urban planning and social policies. D. People will be helped to improve their mental illness. 15. What is the main idea of the text? A. Urban Mind measures the level of mental wellbeing. B. City living may be harmful to people’s mental health. C. Living in the countryside is better than in the city. D. Different scientists hold different opinions on the effects of city living. 第二节（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 Life can be a lonely thing without friends. Acquaintances（熟人）are easy to come by but true friends are a whole other story. _____16_____ Learn these four steps if you'd like to be a true friend that can be relied on. ●Be present for their highs and lows. If you're absent during my struggle，don't expect to be present during my success. —Will Smith It's easy to be there for our friends when they ask us out for fun things. ____17____ You might not feel comfortable while spending time with an emotionally weak person on the verge of tears，but true friends are always there when they're needed the most. ●_____18_____ When people talk，listen completely. Most people never listen. —Ernest Hemingway Give your friends the gift of silence so they can drop their baggage and get on with living. ●Accept them as they are. Happiness can exist only in acceptance. —George Orwell If you can't accept people as they are，you will never know the feeling of true friendship. _____19_____ ●Forgive the past. Holding onto anger is like drinking poison and expecting the other person to die. —Buddha ____20____ If so，you should understand that even the best of us suffer from the occasional slip of the tongue. Holding onto anger over a small mistake will make you look petty（小气的），so let it go. A. Know when to be silent. B. Offer your encouragement. C. But are you willing to be there for the hard times that are the opposite of fun？ D. The best way to develop meaningful connections with true friends you can trust is to become a true friend yourself. E. Have you ever shouted at a person when you were feeling stressed and wished you could take it back？ F. Never hesitate to speak your thoughts and feelings. G. Never attempt to "fix" them，no matter how crazy their action might make you. 第三部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分55分） 第一节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从36-55各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。 What were you like as a teenager? I was a ___21___. I was rude to my parents, always stayed out late, never did my homework, hung out with the wrong people and made many ___22___ decisions. Apparently, this is the age when teenagers are out of control and ___23___ badly. If you're a teenager now, you think this is ___24___ criticism or it's not your fault. Well, you might be ___25___! Experts have found that it's a teenager's brain that is to ___26___. Between the ages of ___27___ 13 to 19 the brain is still developing in areas that ___28___ behaviour. This has an/a ___29___ on learning and multitasking, stress and memory, sleep, addiction, and decision-making. This is quite a new ____30____, according to Professor Sarah, ''when I was at university, the dogma (教条) in the text books was that the vast brain ____31____ goes on in the first few years of life and nothing much ____32____ after mid-childhood. That dogma is completely ____33____.'' So our brains are still developing much later than was originally thought. Is this the perfect excuse for teenagers to ____34____ and not get their homework done on time? It's something to do with our prefrontal cortex (前额皮层). It's involved in many high-level cognitive (认知的) ____35____ such as decision making and planning. This region is undergoing large amounts of development during the adolescent years. For an/a____36____, this hasn't developed yet. So getting organized to do their homework, for example, can be a bit ____37____. I wish I'd known about this because instead of telling my ____38____ I'd left my homework on the bus or that the dog had ____39____ it. Now I could say, ''Sorry sir, my ____40____ isn't developed enough for the cognitive task of planning my homework''. 21. A. prince B. nightmare C. fool D. joke 22. A. real B. wise C. bad D. good 23. A. dress B. talk C. react D. behave 24. A. unfair B. practical C. fun D. reasonable 25. A. dull B. right C. wrong D. precise 26. A. praise B. blame C. wake D. call 27. A. appropriately B. alternatively C. frequently D. approximately 28. A. control B. use C. express D. play 29. A. touch B. impact C. role D. advantage 30 A. way B. invention C. discovery D. job 31. A. exploration B. experiment C. progress D. development 32. A. changes B. stays C. remains D. leaves 33. A. true B. unknown C. false D. satisfying 34 A. get over B. hang around C. look around D. take off 35. A. interests B. results C. drawbacks D. tasks 36. A. adult B. scientist C. teenager D. baby 37. A. exhausting B. simple C. challenging D. late 38. A. boss B. teacher C. trainer D. colleague 39. A. eaten B. seen C. passed D. recognized 40. A. knowledge B. body C. identity D. brain 第二节：语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about ___41___ (be) late for school. There were many people waiting at the bus stop, ___42___ some of them looked very anxious and ___43___(disappoint) . When the bus finally came, we all hurried on board. I got a place next ___44___ the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk. A boy on a bike ___45___ (catch ) my attention. He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms. I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused ___46___ (stop) until we reached the next stop. Still, the boy kept ___47___(ride). He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting. Finally, when we came to the next stop, the boy ran up the door of the bus. I heard an excited conversation. Then the driver stood up and asked,“___48___ anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop?” A woman on the bus shouted, “Oh, dear! It s ___49___ (I )”. She pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully, Five others on the bus began talking about what the boy had done and the crowd of strangers ___50___(sudden) became friendly to one another. 第四部分：写作（共两节，满分35分） 第一节：短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。 I am grateful to my English teacher Susan, at whose help I couldn't have won first prize in the English Talent Competition for high school student last week. I used to be poorly in spoken English. I was too shy to speak in class. Since she teaches us last term, she has been encouraging him to overcome fear and speak out in class. Thanks to her, I have made great progresses. Besides, I practiced several times in the front of her. It was her advice which made me a better speaker and full of confidence. But I owe my success to her. Susan set a good example to me. I am determined to become an English teacher when I grow up. 第二节：书面表达（满分25分） 52. 假设你是李华，你的美国朋友Tom在观看了中国汉字听写大会 (The Chinese Characters Dictation Competition) 之后，对学写中国汉字很感兴趣，但是感觉很难。请你写信鼓励他并给他一些练字的建议。 注意：1. 词数100左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 高二英语 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，20小题，每题3分，满分60分） 第一节（共15小题，每题3分，满分45分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。 A 【1~4题答案】 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B 4. C B 【5~7题答案】 【答案】5. D 6. B 7. A C 【8~11题答案】 【答案】8. D 9. A 10. D 11. B D 【12~15题答案】 【答案】12. A 13. D 14. C 15. B 第二节（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 【16~20题答案】 【答案】16. D 17. C 18. A 19. G 20. E 第三部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分55分） 第一节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从36-55各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。 【21~40题答案】 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. D 36. C 37. C 38. B 39. A 40. D 第二节：语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 【41~50题答案】 【答案】41. being 42. and 43. disappointed 44. to 45. caught 46. to stop 47. riding 48. Did 49. me/mine 50. suddenly 第四部分：写作（共两节，满分35分） 第一节：短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 【51题答案】 【答案】1. at→without 2. student→students 3. poorly→poor 4. teaches→taught 5. him→me 6. progresses→progress 7. 去掉front前面的the 8 . which→that 9. But→So 10. set 前加has 第二节：书面表达（满分25分） 【52题答案】 【答案】 Dear Tom, I’m glad to hear that you’ve developed an interest in learning to write Chinese characters after watching The Chinese Characters Dictation Competition. It is true that Chinese characters are difficult to write, especially for foreigners, but don’t worry. I’d like to offer you some practical suggestions. First of all, as proper guidance can help you learn more easily, it’s a good idea to learn some basic writing skills either from a Chinese teacher or from teaching videos on the Internet. Furthermore, I strongly suggest you use copybooks as we Chinese do at our beginning stages. What’s more, practice with patience and you will make progress in time. I hope my advice will be of some help to you. Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$